JP6110261B2 - Stator and motor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a stator and a motor.

  Conventionally, in a rotor (rotor) of a motor with a Landel type (claw pole type) structure which is one type of rotating field type motor, a permanent magnet is sandwiched between magnetic pole plates each having a plurality of claw-shaped magnetic poles in the circumferential direction. There is a configuration in which claw-shaped magnetic poles excited to different polarities on each magnetic pole plate are alternately positioned in the circumferential direction (for example, see Patent Document 1). When an alternating current is supplied to a stator coil arranged around the rotor, a rotating magnetic field is generated in the stator and the rotor is driven to rotate.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the rotor 4 is configured by laminating three layers of rotor portions 3u, 3v, and 3w each having claw-shaped magnetic poles 2a and 2b in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1, and around the periphery thereof. There has also been proposed a rotating field motor in which a stator 6 in which three layers of stator portions 5u, 5v, and 5w are laminated is provided.

  Each rotor portion 3u, 3v, 3w has a configuration in which an annular plate-shaped main magnet 8 is sandwiched between rotor cores 7a, 7b each having claw-shaped magnetic poles 2a, 2b. Each stator part 5u, 5v, 5w is provided with windings 11u, 11v, 11w on stator cores 10a, 10b respectively provided with claw-like magnetic poles 9a, 9b facing claw-like magnetic poles 2a, 2b of the rotor parts 3u, 3v, 3w. Are arranged respectively.

  In this way, a rotating field motor having both a rotor and a stator having a Landel type (claw pole type) structure is referred to as a multi-Landel type motor, and a three-phase alternating current is supplied to the windings 11u, 11v, and 11w. A rotating magnetic field is generated in the stator 6 and the rotor 4 is driven to rotate.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-43749

  By the way, it is conceivable to manufacture the above stator core by press working or the like. However, the claw-shaped magnetic pole of the stator core has a shape curved in an arc shape in the circumferential direction. The formation of the curved claw-shaped magnetic pole requires many steps and is difficult to form by press working.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a stator and a motor that can be easily formed.

A stator that solves the above problems includes a first core base provided on one axial side, and a plurality of first claw-shaped magnetic poles extending in a circumferential direction extending from a radial end of the first core base to the other axial side. A second stator base provided on the other side in the axial direction, and a plurality of second claw-shaped magnetic poles extending in the circumferential direction from the radial end of the second core base to the one side in the axial direction. And the second core base is opposed to the first core base, the second claw-shaped magnetic pole is circumferentially adjacent to the first claw-shaped magnetic pole, the first core base, and the first core base. 2 core disposed between the base, and a coil to be different magnetic poles and said second claw-shaped magnetic poles and the first claw-shaped magnetic poles on the basis of current, the said first claw-shaped magnetic poles second claw-shaped magnetic poles, composed of a plurality of pole pieces arranged in each circumferential direction Is, the plurality of pole pieces extending in the axial direction, the outer surface is a flat surface.

According to this configuration, the first claw-shaped magnetic pole and the second claw-shaped magnetic pole whose outer surfaces are flat surfaces can be formed by bending, for example, by pressing, and include the first stator core and the second stator core. The stator is easily formed.
Further, the plurality of magnetic pole pieces can be formed by bending, for example, by pressing, and is easily formed.

In the stator, the coil is preferably formed in a polygonal ring shape corresponding to an outer surface of the first claw-shaped magnetic pole and an outer surface of the second claw-shaped magnetic pole.
According to this configuration, since the polygonal annular coil is positioned by the first claw-shaped magnetic pole and the second claw-shaped magnetic pole, the movement is suppressed.

In the above SL stator, an outer surface of the plurality of pole pieces constituting one of the first claw-shaped magnetic poles and the second claw-shaped magnetic poles is preferably facing the same direction.

According to this configuration, the gap between the rotor tips arranged inside the stator core is made uniform in the circumferential direction.
In the stator, it is preferable that outer surfaces of the plurality of magnetic pole pieces constituting the first claw-shaped magnetic pole or the second claw-shaped magnetic pole face in the radial direction.

According to this configuration, the gap between the rotor tips arranged inside the stator core is made uniform in the circumferential direction.
The motor which solves the said subject is provided with the said stator.

  According to this configuration, the stator provided in the motor is easily formed.

  According to the present invention, the stator can be easily formed.

The perspective view of the motor of one embodiment. The exploded perspective view of a single stator. The top view of a stator core and a coil. The top view of the stator core and coil of another example. (A) is a top view of the stator core and rotor core of another example, (b) is an enlarged view of a claw-shaped magnetic pole. The top view of the stator core of another example. Sectional drawing which shows the motor of a prior art example.

Hereinafter, an embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, the brushless motor M includes a rotor 22 fixed to the rotary shaft 21 and a stator 23 disposed outside the rotor 22. The rotating shaft 21 is rotatably supported by a motor housing (not shown), for example. The stator 23 is fixed to a motor housing (not shown), for example. The stator 23 may be accommodated in a yoke housing (not shown), and the yoke housing may be fixed to the motor housing.

  The brushless motor M has a structure in which three motor units are arranged in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 21. That is, the brushless motor M has a U-phase motor unit Mu, a V-phase motor unit Mv, and a W-phase motor unit Mw. The U-phase motor unit Mu includes a rotor 22u and a stator 23u. Similarly, the V-phase motor unit Mv includes a rotor (not shown) and a stator 23v, and the W-phase motor unit Mw includes a rotor (not shown) and a stator 23w. Accordingly, the rotor 22 includes a U-phase rotor 22u, a V-phase rotor (not shown), and a W-phase rotor (not shown) corresponding to the motor units Mu, Mv, and Mw. Similarly, the stator 23 includes a U-phase stator 23u, a V-phase stator 23v, and a W-phase stator 23w corresponding to the motor units Mu, Mv, and Mw.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the U-phase rotor 22 u is configured such that a pair of rotor cores 32 on which claw-shaped magnetic poles 31 are formed and the claw-shaped magnetic poles are arranged between the axial directions of the rotor cores 32 and magnetized in the axial direction. This is a so-called Landel type structure provided with field magnets 33 that allow 31 to function as magnetic poles alternately in the circumferential direction. Further, the V-phase rotor and the W-phase rotor (not shown) have the same configuration as the U-phase rotor 22, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

  An outline of the arrangement of the rotors in each layer will be described. The V-phase rotor and the U-phase rotor 22u are stacked with the electrical angle shifted by 60 ° in the counterclockwise direction, and the W-phase rotor is electrically counterclockwise with respect to the V-phase rotor. The layers are stacked with the phase shifted by 60 ° (that is, the phase is shifted by 120 ° by the electrical angle in the counterclockwise direction with respect to the U-phase rotor 22u). That is, the phase shift in each phase of the rotor 22 is configured to be opposite to the phase shift in each phase of the stator 23 (clockwise shift).

  Next, the stator 23 will be described. Since the stators 23u, 23v, 23w of each layer have the same structure, the U-phase stator 23u will be described, and the drawings and description of the V-phase stator 23v and the W-phase stator 23w will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 2, the stator 23 u includes a first stator core 41, a second stator core 42, and a coil 43.
The first stator core 41 has an annular plate-shaped first core base 51. A cylindrical first core back 52 is formed at the outer peripheral end of the first core base 51 so as to extend toward the second stator core 42 in the axial direction. A plurality (four in this embodiment) of first claw-shaped magnetic poles 53 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction (90 ° intervals) at the inner peripheral end of the first core base 51. The first claw-shaped magnetic pole 53 includes a first base 54 that extends radially inward from the inner peripheral end of the first core base 51, and a first magnetic pole 55 that extends in the axial direction from the inner end of the first base 54. Have. The first magnetic pole portion 55 is formed in a substantially trapezoidal plate shape. That is, in the first magnetic pole portion 55, the radially inner side surface (inner side surface) 55a and the radially outer side surface (outer surface) 55b are flat surfaces.

  The second stator core 42 is formed in the same manner as the first stator core 41. The second stator core 42 has an annular plate-shaped second core base 61. A cylindrical second core back 62 is formed at the outer peripheral end of the second core base 61 so as to extend toward the first core base 51 in the axial direction. A plurality (four in this embodiment) of second claw-shaped magnetic poles 63 are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction (90 ° intervals) at the inner peripheral end of the second core base 61. The second claw-shaped magnetic pole 63 includes a second base portion 64 that extends radially inward from the inner peripheral end of the second core base 61 and a second magnetic pole portion 65 that extends in the axial direction from the inner end portion of the second base portion 64. Have. The second magnetic pole portion 65 is formed in a substantially trapezoidal plate shape. And the inner surface 65a and the outer surface 65b of the 2nd magnetic pole part 65 are flat surfaces.

  In the first stator core 41 and the second stator core 42, the first core base 51 and the second core base 61 face each other in the axial direction, and the first claw-shaped magnetic pole 53 and the second claw-shaped magnetic pole 63 are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. Are combined. The first core back 52 of the first stator core 41 and the second core back 62 of the second stator core 42 are abutted against each other in the axial direction.

  The coil 43 is disposed between the first core base 51 and the second core base 61 in the axial direction. The winding shape (outer shape) of the coil 43 is formed in an annular shape (an octagonal annular shape in the drawing) corresponding to the shapes of the first claw-shaped magnetic pole 53 and the second claw-shaped magnetic pole 63. The coil 43 has a conductor (for example, copper wire) that is wound a plurality of times in accordance with the winding shape.

As shown in FIG. 3, in the stator 23u, the first claw-shaped magnetic poles 53 and the second claw-shaped magnetic poles 63 (shown by broken lines) are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction.
In the radial direction, the outer surface 55b of the first magnetic pole portion 55 of the first claw-shaped magnetic pole 53 is a flat surface. Similarly, in the radial direction, the outer surface 65b of the second magnetic pole portion 65 of the second claw-shaped magnetic pole 63 is a flat surface. The coil 43 is formed in a polygonal ring (an octagonal ring) corresponding to the outer side surfaces 55b and 65b.

Next, the operation of the brushless motor M will be described.
As shown in FIG. 3, the coil 43 is formed in a polygonal ring (an octagonal ring) according to the first claw-shaped magnetic pole 53 of the first stator core 41 and the second claw-shaped magnetic pole 63 of the second stator core 42. Yes. Therefore, the coil 43 is positioned in the circumferential direction of the first stator core 41 and the second stator core 42 by the first claw-shaped magnetic pole 53 and the second claw-shaped magnetic pole 63, and is moved in the circumferential direction, that is, in the rotational direction of the brushless motor M. It is suppressed.

  For example, the coil formed in an annular shape moves in the rotation direction of the brushless motor M. When the coil moves, stress is applied to the wiring that supplies driving power to the coil, which may cause problems such as disconnection.

  On the other hand, the coil 43 of this embodiment is positioned by the first claw-shaped magnetic pole 53 and the second claw-shaped magnetic pole 63 in the circumferential direction of the first stator core 41. For this reason, the movement of the coil 43 in the circumferential direction is suppressed, and the stress applied to the wiring that feeds the coil 43 can be reduced. In addition, the coil 43 contacts the claw-shaped magnetic poles 53 and 63 (magnetic pole portions 55 and 65) at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction of the first stator core 41. The stress applied to the coil 43 at each contact location is smaller than when the coil is fixed at one location. For this reason, generation | occurrence | production of problems, such as a disconnection in the coil 43, can be suppressed.

  Further, the coil 43 of the present embodiment is formed in an octagonal annular shape. Therefore, since the coil 43 is formed with a loop with a shorter path than the annular coil, the length of the conductor (copper wire) to be circulated is shortened. For this reason, the resistance value (winding resistance) in the coil 43 can be reduced. For example, in the case of an octagonal annular coil having a diagonal distance equal to the diameter of the annular coil, the resistance value of the octagonal annular coil is about 3% smaller than the resistance value of the annular coil. By reducing the resistance value in the coil 43, the amount of current flowing in the coil 43 increases, and the amount of magnetic flux generated in the stator 23u increases in accordance with the amount of current. Thus, it is possible to improve the characteristics of the brushless motor M.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a space 58 is formed between the coil 43 and the first core back 52 of the first stator core 41. A space is similarly formed for the second stator core 42. With this space 58, it is possible to draw out the wiring for supplying power to the coils 43 of the motor units Mu, Mv, and Mw in the axial direction.

  The first stator core 41 is formed, for example, by stamping a steel plate by pressing. The first claw-shaped magnetic pole 53 is formed by being bent by press working. Similarly, the second stator core 42 is formed by punching a steel plate by, for example, pressing, and the first claw-shaped magnetic pole 53 is formed by bending by pressing. As described above, the stator 23u (the first stator core 41 and the second stator core 42) can be formed by press working, and the number of man-hours required for the work by press working can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) In the first stator core 41, the outer surface 55b of the first claw-shaped magnetic pole 53 (magnetic pole portion 55) is a flat surface. In the second stator core 42, the outer surface 65b of the second claw-shaped magnetic pole 63 (magnetic pole portion 65) is a flat surface. Such first claw-shaped magnetic pole 53 and second claw-shaped magnetic pole 63 can be formed by bending a steel plate by press working. Thus, the stator 23u including the first stator core 41 and the second stator core 42 can be easily formed.

  (2) The coil 43 disposed between the first core base 51 of the first stator core 41 and the second core base 61 of the second stator core 42 is connected to the first claw-shaped magnetic pole 53 of the first stator core 41 and the second According to the second claw-shaped magnetic pole 63 of the stator core 42, it is formed in a polygonal annular shape (an octagonal annular shape). Therefore, the coil 43 is positioned in the circumferential direction of the first stator core 41 and the second stator core 42 by the first claw-shaped magnetic pole 53 and the second claw-shaped magnetic pole 63, and moves in the circumferential direction, that is, in the rotational direction of the brushless motor M. Can be suppressed.

  (3) The coil 43 is formed in a polygonal annular shape (an octagonal annular shape). Such a coil 43 has a loop formed in a short path as compared with a coil formed in an annular shape, so that the length of the conductor (copper wire) to be circulated is shortened. For this reason, the resistance value (winding resistance) in the coil 43 can be reduced more than the resistance value of the annular coil.

In addition, you may implement said form in the following aspects.
In the above embodiment, a terminal for fixing the end of the coil 43 may be disposed in the space 58 shown in FIG.

-You may change suitably the shape of the claw-shaped magnetic pole in the said embodiment.
For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the stator core 70 has an annular core base 71, and a cylindrical core back 72 extends in the axial direction (front direction in FIG. 4) on the outer periphery of the core base 71. A plurality of claw-shaped magnetic poles 73 are formed on the inner periphery of the core base 71. Each claw-shaped magnetic pole 73 has a base portion 74 extending radially inward from the inner end of the core base 71 and a magnetic pole portion 75 extending from the base portion 74 in the axial direction (front direction in FIG. 4). The outer side surface 75b of the magnetic pole part 75 is a flat surface, and the inner side surface 75a of the magnetic pole part 75 is a curved surface curved along the circumferential direction. The claw-shaped magnetic pole 73 is formed by bending a steel plate by press work, as in the above embodiment. Note that the inner side surface 75a can be formed simultaneously with the bending, for example, depending on the shape of the punch used for press working. Thus, the stator core 70 can be formed by press working, and the number of man-hours required for the work by press working can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced.

  In the claw-shaped magnetic pole 73 (magnetic pole portion 75) shown in FIG. 4, the thickness of the end portion 73a in the circumferential direction is larger than the thickness of the central portion 73b. Thereby, the magnetic flux density in the edge part 73a can be made smaller than the magnetic flux density in the center part 73b. This makes it possible to suppress problems such as magnetic saturation.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5A, the stator core 80 has an annular core base 81, and a cylindrical core back 82 is provided on the outer periphery of the core base 81 in the axial direction (FIG. 5A). A plurality of claw-shaped magnetic poles 83 are formed on the inner peripheral day of the core base 81. Each claw-shaped magnetic pole 83 has a base 84 extending radially inward from the inner end of the core base 81 and a plurality of magnetic pole pieces 85 extending from the base 84 in the axial direction (the front direction in FIG. 5A). Yes. Each pole piece 85 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape. Therefore, the inner surface 85a and the outer surface 85b of each pole piece 85 are flat surfaces. For example, as shown in FIG. 5B, these magnetic pole pieces 85 are formed by bending a strip-like magnetic pole piece 85 at a position indicated by a broken line 86 by, for example, pressing. By making the folding position indicated by the broken line 86 stepwise along the circumferential direction, the gap (air gap) between the tip of the claw-shaped magnetic pole 31 of the rotor 22u and each magnetic pole piece 85 can be made substantially uniform. It becomes possible. Further, by forming the claw-shaped magnetic pole 83 by a plurality of magnetic pole pieces 85, it becomes possible to reduce eddy current.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the stator core 90 has an annular core base 91, and a cylindrical core back 92 extends in the axial direction (front direction in FIG. 6) on the outer periphery of the core base 91. A plurality of claw-shaped magnetic poles 93 are formed on the inner peripheral day of the core base 91. Each claw-shaped magnetic pole 93 has a base portion 94 extending radially inward from the inner end of the core base 91 and a plurality of magnetic pole pieces 95 extending from the base portion 94 in the axial direction (front direction in FIG. 6). Each pole piece 95 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape. Therefore, the inner side surface 95a and the outer side surface 95b of each pole piece 95 are flat surfaces. For example, the bending position of each magnetic pole piece 95 is set along the circumferential direction of the stator core 90. Each pole piece 95 is formed such that the outer side surface 95b faces in the radial direction. Thus, when the stator is configured, the magnetic pole piece 95 is arranged in a substantially cylindrical shape. By setting the bending direction of the magnetic pole piece 95 in this way, it is possible to make the air gap uniform. Then, similarly to the stator core 80 shown in FIG. 5A, the eddy current can be reduced by configuring the claw-shaped magnetic pole 93 with the plurality of magnetic pole pieces 95 in the stator core 90.

  -An annular coil may be used in the stators (stator cores) of the above embodiments.

  M ... brushless motor, 22 ... rotor, 23, 23u ... stator, 41 ... first stator core, 42 ... second stator core, 43 ... coil, 51 ... first core base, 53 ... first claw-shaped magnetic pole, 54 ... base, 55 ... Magnetic pole part, 55a ... Inner side surface, 55b ... Outer side surface, 61 ... Second core base part, 63 ... Second claw-shaped magnetic pole, 64 ... Base part, 65 ... Magnetic pole part, 65a ... Inner side surface, 65b ... Outer side surface, 70, 80, 90 ... stator core, 71, 81, 91 ... core base, 73, 83, 93 ... claw-shaped magnetic pole, 75, 85, 95 ... magnetic pole piece, 75b, 85b, 95b ... outer surface.

Claims (5)

A first stator core having a first core base provided on one side in the axial direction and a plurality of first claw-shaped magnetic poles extending in the circumferential direction from the radial end of the first core base to the other side in the axial direction;
A second core base provided on the other side in the axial direction; and a plurality of second claw-shaped magnetic poles extending in a circumferential direction from a radial end portion of the second core base to the one side in the axial direction. A second stator core having a base opposed to the first core base and the second claw-shaped magnetic pole adjacent to the first claw-shaped magnetic pole in the circumferential direction;
A coil disposed between the first core base and the second core base and having the first claw-shaped magnetic pole and the second claw-shaped magnetic pole different from each other based on energization,
Wherein the first claw-shaped magnetic poles second claw-shaped magnetic pole is composed of a plurality of pole pieces arranged in each circumferential direction, said plurality of pole pieces extending in the axial direction, the outer surface a flat surface A stator characterized by being. The stator according to claim 1,
The stator is characterized in that the coil is formed in a polygonal ring shape corresponding to the outer surface of the first claw-shaped magnetic pole and the outer surface of the second claw-shaped magnetic pole. The stator according to claim 1 or 2 ,
An outer surface of the plurality of magnetic pole pieces constituting one of the first claw-shaped magnetic poles or the second claw-shaped magnetic pole faces in the same direction. The stator according to claim 1 or 2 ,
An outer surface of the plurality of magnetic pole pieces constituting one of the first claw-shaped magnetic poles or the second claw-shaped magnetic pole faces in a radial direction. A motor comprising the stator according to any one of claims 1 to 4 .