JP6093667B2 - Communication terminal, character display method, program - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a communication terminal that displays input characters, a character display method, and a program.

  It is said that there are millions of people with hearing impairments in Japan. As a communication tool that can be easily used by a hearing impaired person, handwritten character input software that can be installed on a smartphone has been developed (Non-Patent Document 1). If handwritten character input software is used, the hearing impaired person can communicate with others by writing.

Hitoshi Ono, “Smartphone memos, hand-written text,” [online], December 3, 2012, YOMIURIONLINE, [Search June 27, 2013], Internet <URL: http: // www. yomiuri.co.jp/net/column/mobile/20121203-OYT8T00915.htm>

  When handwritten character input software is used in cooperation with another application (for example, a mail application or a browser application), it is necessary to secure a display area for the other application, so that the character input area becomes narrow. On the other hand, if the display of other applications is hidden while the character input area is displayed, and these displays are switched by a user operation, the switching operation becomes complicated. In addition, when a character is input with a finger, the character size tends to be larger than that of the terminal, and an empty space is immediately lost in the character input area unless the terminal has a large screen size such as a tablet terminal. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a communication terminal capable of comfortably performing handwriting input even when a character input area is narrow.

  The communication terminal of the present invention includes a first display unit, a first display control unit, and a guide size determination unit.

  The first display unit displays a character input by a predetermined user operation as a first display at a predetermined position, slides the first display based on the slide amount and the slide direction, and is a guide for assisting the user's input. A guide is displayed at a predetermined position based on the guide size which is the size. The first display control unit detects a character delimiter coordinate and a writing direction which are coordinates of a character delimiter position of the character input based on the time information, and the remaining character is calculated from the total character size detected based on the character delimiter coordinate. The remaining space that is a blank space is detected, and the slide amount and the slide direction of the first display are determined based on the character size, the remaining space, and the writing direction. The guide size determining unit determines the guide size based on the character size.

  According to the communication terminal of the present invention, it is possible to comfortably perform handwriting input even when the character input area is narrow.

The figure which showed the screen display example 1 of the communication terminal of Example 1 of this invention. The figure which showed the example 2 of a screen display of the communication terminal of Example 1 of this invention. The block diagram which shows the structure of the communication terminal of Example 1 of this invention. The flowchart which shows the input space production | generation operation | movement of the communication terminal of Example 1 of this invention. The flowchart which shows operation | movement of the 1st display control part of Example 1 of this invention. The figure which shows the example for demonstrating operation | movement of the character delimiter detection part of Example 1 of this invention. The figure which shows the example for demonstrating operation | movement of the character size detection part of Example 1 of this invention. The flowchart which shows the scroll operation | movement of the 2nd display part of Example 1 of this invention. The figure which shows the execution example of the scroll operation | movement of the 2nd display part of Example 1 of this invention. The flowchart which shows the slide operation | movement to the user designated position of the 1st display part of Example 1 of this invention. The figure which illustrates the correspondence of the coordinates of the 2nd display, and the coordinates of the 1st display. The figure which shows the example which made the 1st display slide so that the coordinate of the 1st display corresponding to the coordinate of the designated 2nd display may be included.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. In addition, the same number is attached | subjected to the structure part which has the same function, and duplication description is abbreviate | omitted.

<Explanation of terms: Communication terminal>
The communication terminal is a general term for a telephone, particularly a mobile phone, a PHS telephone, or a PDA having a communication function.

<Glossary of terms: scroll>
Scrolling is a technique for moving and displaying content that does not fit on the screen, such as text, pictures, and images, on a computer graphic or television. Scrolling is often used when there is a large amount of data that does not fit in the display area at the same time, and is often used for display using a window. In this specification, the term “scroll” is used only for the second display.

<Explanation of terms: slide>
The slide is a method of moving and displaying the content horizontally or vertically like the scroll described above. In this specification, the term “slide” is used only for the first display.

<Explanation of terms: characters>
In this specification, “character” indicates a character drawn mainly by handwriting input.

  Hereinafter, screen display of the communication terminal according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a screen display example 1 of the communication terminal 1 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a screen display example 2 of the communication terminal 1 of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the display screen of the communication terminal 1 of the present embodiment is divided into a plurality of sections (windows), for example, divided into a first display unit 11, a second display unit 12, and an icon display unit 19. Is done. In the example of FIG. 1, the first display unit 11 is displayed near the center of the display screen in the vertical direction so as to occupy most of the display screen. A display unit 12 is displayed, and an icon display unit 19 is displayed in a strip shape below the first display unit 11 and at the lower end of the display screen. The first display unit 11 displays a part or all of characters (handwritten characters in the example of FIG. 1) input by a user operation as a first display 91 at a predetermined position. In addition, the first display unit 11 is provided with an input space 93 that is a blank space at a predetermined position (in the example of FIG. 1, the right corner of the first display unit 11). A guide 94 is displayed. The guide 94 is for assisting the user's handwriting input. As shown in FIG. 1, the guide 94 can be rectangular, for example. If the guide 94 is always displayed in the input space 93 with an appropriate size, the user can be guided to draw the next handwritten character in the guide 94, so that the handwritten character becomes gradually larger. This is preferable because it prevents the phenomenon of becoming or gradually becoming smaller and allows the user to always draw handwritten characters with a constant size.

  The second display unit 12 reduces the first display 91 and displays it as a second display 92 at a predetermined position. The icon display unit 19 displays various icons used for user operations. For example, the icon 191 is an icon for selecting a mode for executing a handwritten input drawing, the icon 192 is an icon for deleting a part of the handwritten input drawing, and the icon 193 executes a handwritten input drawing. An icon 194 for exiting from the mode and selecting a character coordinate or a space coordinate displayed on the screen, an icon 194 is an icon for returning a user operation such as drawing or selection to one stage, and an icon 195 is An icon for starting and ending the scroll display of the second display 92 of the second display unit 12 can be used. Of course, the icon display unit 19 is not an essential component in the communication terminal 1 of the present invention. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the icon display unit 19 can be omitted. In the case of the display example of FIG. 2, there is an advantage that the size of the first display unit 11 can be increased. In this case, the type of user operation may be classified by a user gesture. In the following description, for the sake of easy understanding, the description will be made assuming the display example of FIG.

  Hereinafter, the configuration of the communication terminal 1 according to the present embodiment and the space generation operation thereof will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the communication terminal 1 of this embodiment. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the input space generation operation of the communication terminal 1 of this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, the communication terminal 1 of this embodiment includes a first display unit 11, a second display unit 12, a first display control unit 13, a scroll parameter determination unit 14, and a guide size determination unit 15. A coordinate acquisition unit 16, a relative position storage unit 17, a user operation reception unit 18, and an icon display unit 19. The first display control unit 13 includes a time measurement unit 131, a character break detection unit 132, a character size detection unit 133, a remaining space detection unit 134, a writing direction detection unit 135, and a slide parameter determination unit 136. .

  As shown in FIG. 4, the first display unit 11 displays a character input by a predetermined user operation as a first display 91 at a predetermined position (S11A). The second display unit 12 reduces the first display 91 and displays it as a second display 92 at a predetermined position (S12A). The first display control unit 13 detects the character delimiter coordinates and the writing direction, which are the coordinates of the character delimiter position of the character input based on the time information, and the remainder from the total of the character sizes detected based on the character delimiter coordinates The remaining space which is a blank space is detected, and the sliding amount and sliding direction of the first display 91 are determined based on the character size, the remaining space and the writing direction (S13). Details of step S13 will be described later. The first display unit 11 slides the first display 91 based on the slide amount and slide direction determined in step S13 (S11B). The input space 93 described above is generated by the slide in step S11B. The guide size determination unit 15 determines a guide size that is the size of the guide 94 based on the character size (S15). Specifically, the guide size determination unit 15 determines the guide size of the guide 94 based on, for example, the average value or median value of the character sizes detected in step S13. The character size detected in step S13 may be both vertical and horizontal sizes, or may be only the size in the writing direction (details will be described later). Therefore, the guide size determination unit 15 determines the guide size of the guide 94 using both the vertical and horizontal sizes or only the average value and the median value of the writing direction size. The first display unit 11 displays the guide 94 at a predetermined position based on the guide size (S11C).

  Next, details of the operation of the first display control unit 13 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5, 6, and 7. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the first display control unit 13 of this embodiment. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example for explaining the operation of the character break detection unit 132 of the present embodiment. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example for explaining the operation of the character size detection unit 133 of the present embodiment. As described above, the first display control unit 13 includes the time measurement unit 131, the character break detection unit 132, the character size detection unit 133, the remaining space detection unit 134, the writing direction detection unit 135, and the slide parameter determination. Part 136.

  Each time the character input is interrupted, the time measuring unit 131 measures the interruption time and the restart time (S131). The character delimiter detection unit 132 detects the character delimiter coordinates based on the interruption time and the restart time (S132). Steps S131 and S132 will be described in detail with reference to the example of FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, the handwritten character “Ima”, which is a partial enlargement of the first display 91, has places where input is interrupted. For example, if attention is paid to the handwritten character “I”, the drawing is continuously performed from the resumption point 80 as the character input resumption point to the interruption point 71 as the character input interruption point, and the drawing 60 is displayed. Similarly, drawing is continuously performed from the restart point 81, which is the character input restart point, to the interrupt point 72, which is the character input stop point, and the drawing 61 is executed. In this case, the time measuring unit 131 measures the interruption time and the resumption time with the time at the interruption point 71 where the character input is interrupted as the interruption time and the time at the resumption point 81 as the resumption time. For example, the character delimiter detection unit 132 determines whether or not the interruption time that is the difference between the interruption time and the resumption time exceeds a predetermined threshold, and when the interruption time exceeds a predetermined threshold, the interruption time, If the coordinates of the interruption point corresponding to the resume time and the coordinates of the resume point are detected as character-separated coordinates, and the interruption time does not exceed a predetermined threshold, Do not detect as character delimiter coordinates. For example, when the interruption time exceeds a predetermined threshold, the character break detection unit 132 detects the coordinates of the interruption point 71 and the restart point 81 as character separation coordinates, and when the interruption time does not exceed the predetermined threshold Does not detect the coordinates of the interruption point 71 and the restart point 81 as character delimiter coordinates. By executing steps S131 and S132 as described above, the interruption time is short for the coordinates of the interruption points 71, 73, 74 and the restart points 81, 83, 84 that should not be detected as character delimiter coordinates in many cases. Is not detected as a character separator. On the other hand, the coordinates of the interruption points 72 and 75 and the resume points 80 and 82 tend to be longer than the other interruption times. Therefore, if the threshold value is appropriately set, the coordinates can be detected as character break coordinates. it can. In the following description, it is assumed that the coordinates of the interruption points 72 and 75 and the restart points 80 and 82 are detected as character delimiter coordinates in step S132.

  Next, the character size detection unit 133 detects the character size of each character based on the character delimiter coordinates (S133). Specifically, the character size detection unit 133 detects, as the character size, a rectangular shape that includes all of the drawing coordinates drawn between the coordinates of the restart point and the interruption point detected as the character break coordinates. . For example, the character size detection unit 133 includes a rectangular shape that includes all the coordinates of the drawing 60 and the drawing 61 that are all drawn between the coordinates of the resume point 80 and the interruption point 72 detected as the character break coordinates. Is detected as the character size. Similarly, the character size detection unit 133 includes all the coordinates of the drawing 62, the drawing 63, and the drawing 64 that are all drawn between the coordinates of the restart point 82 and the interruption point 75 detected as the character break coordinates. Such a rectangular shape is detected as the character size. For example, the character size detection result for the handwritten character “Aimasho” is as shown in FIG. The character size detection unit 133 may detect the average size in the vertical and horizontal directions of the rectangular shape described above as the character size, but uses only the writing direction described later to detect only the size of the rectangular writing direction as the character size. May be. For example, in the example of FIG. 7, the character size detection unit 133 detects only the size in the width direction corresponding to the writing direction as the character size. For example, “ma”, “u”, etc. have the same height as “A”, but are vertically long and thin, so they are 28pt and 22pt, respectively, smaller than 40pt of “A”. Has been allocated.

  Next, the remaining space detecting unit 134 detects the remaining space based on the total character size and the size of the first display unit 11 (S134). For example, the remaining space detection unit 134 uses the total area of the rectangular shapes described above as the total character size, uses the area of the first display unit 11 as the size of the first display unit 11, and uses the area of the first display unit 11. The remaining space (residual area) may be detected by subtracting the total area of the rectangular shape from the area. Further, for example, the remaining space detection unit 134 uses the sum of the lengths in the writing direction of the rectangular shape described above as the sum of the character sizes, and the length in the writing direction of the first display unit 11 as the size of the first display unit 11. The remaining space (residual length in the writing direction) may be detected by subtracting the sum of the lengths in the writing direction of the rectangular shape from the length in the writing direction of the first display unit 11.

  Next, the writing direction detection unit 135 detects the writing direction from the interruption time, the restart time, and the character break coordinates (S135). Specifically, the writing direction detection unit 135 determines whether the resume point detected as the character break coordinates and the coordinates of the break point and the corresponding relationship between the break time and the resume time, the resume point detected as the character break coordinates, and the break. The writing direction is detected from the positional relationship between the coordinates of the points. For example, in the example of FIG. 6, the interruption point 72 and the resumption point 82 are detected as the character delimiter coordinates of the characters “I” and “MA”. In this case, the writing direction detection unit 135 stops the interruption at the interruption point 72. The writing direction is detected as the right direction (lateral direction) from the front-rear relationship between the time and the restart time at the restart point 82 and the positional relationship between the coordinates of the interruption point 72 and the coordinates of the restart point 82.

  Next, the slide parameter determination unit 136 determines the slide amount and slide direction of the first display 91 based on the maximum character size, the remaining space, and the writing direction (S136). Specifically, the slide parameter determination unit 136 sets the slide amount to 0 when the remaining space exceeds the maximum character size. In this case, the slide direction may be any, but for example, the slide parameter determination unit 136 has a default value of horizontal direction = 0 when the horizontal direction = 0 and the vertical direction = 1 as 1-bit information. Should be set. On the other hand, when the remaining space is equal to or smaller than the maximum character size, the slide parameter determination unit 136 sets the difference between the maximum character size and the remaining space as the slide amount. In this case, for example, when the horizontal direction = 0 and the vertical direction = 1 as 1-bit information, the slide parameter determination unit 136 sets the horizontal direction = 0 when the writing direction is the horizontal direction, and the writing direction is the vertical direction. In the case of the direction, the vertical direction = 1 may be set as the slide direction. In the example of FIG. 7, the slide parameter determination unit 136 performs the slide operation when the remaining space detected in step S134 (residual length in the writing direction) exceeds 40 pt, which is the maximum character size (width direction). When the amount is set to 0 and the remaining space (residual length in the writing direction) is 40 pt or less which is the maximum character size (width direction), the maximum character size (width direction) and the remaining space (writing direction) The difference (residual length) is set as the slide amount, and the horizontal direction = 0, which is the writing direction detected in step S135, is set as the slide direction. The first display unit 11 slides the first display 91 based on the determined slide amount and slide direction (S11B). Specifically, the first display unit 11 displays the determined slide amount in the left direction when the slide direction is 0, and in the upward direction when the slide direction is 0. The first display 91 is slid by the amount. In this way, the input space 93 is generated. In the example of FIG. 7, the input space 93 is generated as a rectangular area having a width direction of 40 pt.

  Next, the guide size determination unit 15 determines a guide size that is the size of the guide 94 based on the character size (S15). Specifically, the guide size determination unit 15 is based on the average value or the median value of the character sizes (the average of the rectangular shape in the vertical and horizontal directions described above or the rectangular shape in the writing direction) detected in step S133. The guide size of the guide 94 is determined. The first display unit 11 displays the guide 94 having the guide size determined in step S15, for example, in the center of the input space 93 (S11C). For example, FIG. 7 shows a display example of the guide 94 in the example of FIG.

  Hereinafter, the scroll operation of the second display unit 12 will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9. FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the scroll operation of the second display unit 12 of this embodiment. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an execution example of the scroll operation of the second display unit 12 of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 8, the user operation reception unit 18 always waits for a user operation (S18A, S18AN). When the user operation reception unit 18 receives a predetermined user operation (S18AY), the scroll parameter determination unit 14 determines the scroll direction and scroll speed of the second display unit 12 (S14). The predetermined user operation may be, for example, the touch operation of the icon 195 described with reference to FIG. The scroll direction is the left direction when the writing direction is the horizontal direction, and the upward direction when the writing direction is the vertical direction. The scroll speed may be set in advance by the user. In this case, the scroll parameter determination unit 14 determines a value preset by the user as the scroll speed as it is. The second display unit 12 scrolls the second display 92 based on the scroll direction and the scroll speed (S12B). For example, in the example of FIG. 9, “Thank you for today. Let's be in Yokohama”, which is an example of handwritten character input, the first display unit 11 has only “Ai let's” as the first display 91. When it is displayed, the second display unit 12 slides the second display 92 to the left, “Thank you so much for today. Since “Thank you. Let's meet in Yokohama” can be displayed, the user can easily grasp the entire handwritten character input by the user.

  As described above, since the second display unit 12 of the communication terminal 1 according to the present embodiment scrolls the second display 92 obtained by reducing the first display 91 based on the scroll direction and the scroll speed, the entire character input by the user is displayed. Can be displayed, improving user convenience.

  Hereinafter, the sliding operation of the first display unit 11 will be described with reference to FIGS. 10, 11, and 12. FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the sliding operation to the user designated position on the first display unit 11 of this embodiment. FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a correspondence relationship between the coordinates of the second display 92 and the coordinates of the first display 91. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example in which the first display 91 is slid so as to include the coordinates of the first display 91 corresponding to the coordinates of the designated second display 92. As shown in FIG. 10, the user operation reception unit 18 always waits for a user operation (S18B, S18BN). When the user operation reception unit 18 receives a predetermined user operation (S18BY), the coordinate acquisition unit 16 acquires the coordinates of the first display 91 corresponding to the coordinates of the second display 92 specified by the predetermined user operation. (S16). The predetermined user operation may be, for example, a touch operation after selecting the icon 193 described with reference to FIG. Assume that the correspondence between the coordinates of the second display 92 and the coordinates of the first display 91 is stored in, for example, the relative position storage unit 17. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 11, the relative position storage unit 17 includes, for example, the coordinates of the second display 92 (x1, y1) (x2, y2) (x3, y3) and the coordinates of the first display 91. (P1, q1) (p2, q2) (p3, q3) are stored in association with each other. Alternatively, the relative position storage unit 17 stores the coordinates of the first display 91 from (x1, y1) (x2, y2) (x3, y3) which are the coordinates of the second display 92 (p1, q1) (p2, q2) A calculation formula for deriving (p3, q3) is stored.

  The first display unit 11 slides the first display based on the acquired coordinates of the first display 91 (S11D). For example, it is preferable that the first display unit 11 slides the first display 91 so as to include the acquired coordinates of the first display 91 as the center. The operation of the first display unit 11 will be specifically described with reference to the example of FIG. As shown in FIG. 12, when the coordinates (x4, y4) of the second display 92 are designated by a predetermined user operation, the coordinate acquisition unit 16 coordinates the coordinates of the first display 91 corresponding to the coordinates (x4, y4). (P4, q4) is acquired. At this time, it is preferable that the first display unit 11 slides the first display 91 so as to include the acquired coordinates (p4, q4) of the first display 91 as the center. In the example of FIG. 12, the first display 91 is slid so that the coordinates (p4, q4) of the first display 91 are located at the center.

  As described above, the first display unit 11 of the communication terminal 1 according to the present embodiment slides the first display 91 based on the coordinates of the first display 91 corresponding to the coordinates of the second display 92 specified by the user. For example, when the user wants to correct a part of the characters that have been changed, the convenience of the user is enhanced.

  The various processes described above are not only executed in time series according to the description, but may also be executed in parallel or individually as required by the processing capability of the apparatus that executes the processes. Needless to say, other modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

  Further, when the above-described configuration is realized by a computer, processing contents of functions that each device should have are described by a program. The processing functions are realized on the computer by executing the program on the computer.

  The program describing the processing contents can be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium. As the computer-readable recording medium, for example, any recording medium such as a magnetic recording device, an optical disk, a magneto-optical recording medium, and a semiconductor memory may be used.

  The program is distributed by selling, transferring, or lending a portable recording medium such as a DVD or CD-ROM in which the program is recorded. Furthermore, the program may be distributed by storing the program in a storage device of the server computer and transferring the program from the server computer to another computer via a network.

  A computer that executes such a program first stores, for example, a program recorded on a portable recording medium or a program transferred from a server computer in its own storage device. When executing the process, the computer reads a program stored in its own recording medium and executes a process according to the read program. As another execution form of the program, the computer may directly read the program from a portable recording medium and execute processing according to the program, and the program is transferred from the server computer to the computer. Each time, the processing according to the received program may be executed sequentially. Also, the program is not transferred from the server computer to the computer, and the above-described processing is executed by a so-called ASP (Application Service Provider) type service that realizes the processing function only by the execution instruction and result acquisition. It is good.

  Note that the program in this embodiment includes information that is used for processing by an electronic computer and that conforms to the program (data that is not a direct command to the computer but has a property that defines the processing of the computer). In this embodiment, the present apparatus is configured by executing a predetermined program on a computer. However, at least a part of these processing contents may be realized by hardware.

Claims (7)

A guide that is a size of a guide that displays a character input by a predetermined user operation as a first display at a predetermined position, slides the first display based on a slide amount and a slide direction, and assists a user input. A first display for displaying a guide at a predetermined position based on the size;
A time measurement unit that measures the interruption time and the restart time each time character input is interrupted,
A character break detection unit that detects a character break coordinate that is a coordinate of a character break position of the input character based on the interruption time and the restart time;
A character size detector that detects the character size of each character based on the character delimiter coordinates;
A residual space detector that detects a residual space that is a residual blank space based on the total character size;
A writing direction detection unit that detects a writing direction from the interruption time, the restart time, and the character delimiter coordinates;
A slide parameter determination unit that determines the slide amount and the slide direction of the first display based on a maximum character size, the remaining space, and the writing direction;
A guide size determining unit that determines the guide size based on the character size;
Including communication terminals. The communication terminal according to claim 1,
A communication terminal further comprising a second display unit that reduces the first display and displays it as a second display at a predetermined position. The communication terminal according to claim 2,
A scroll parameter determining unit that determines a scroll direction and a scroll speed of the second display when a predetermined user operation is performed;
The second display unit
A communication terminal that scrolls the second display based on the scroll direction and the scroll speed. The communication terminal according to claim 2 or 3, wherein
A coordinate acquisition unit that acquires the coordinates of the first display corresponding to the coordinates of the designated second display when arbitrary coordinates of the second display are designated by a predetermined user operation;
The first display unit includes:
A communication terminal that slides the first display based on the acquired coordinates of the first display. The communication terminal according to claim 4, wherein
The first display unit includes:
A communication terminal that slides on the first display such that the acquired coordinates of the first display are displayed on the first display unit. A character display method executed by a communication terminal,
A guide that is a size of a guide that displays a character input by a predetermined user operation as a first display at a predetermined position, slides the first display based on a slide amount and a slide direction, and assists a user input. A first display step for displaying a guide at a predetermined position based on the size;
A time measurement step for measuring the interruption time and the restart time each time character input is interrupted,
A character break detection step of detecting a character break coordinate that is a coordinate of a character break position of the input character based on the interruption time and the restart time;
A character size detection step of detecting the character size of each character based on the character break coordinates;
A residual space detection step of detecting a residual space that is a residual blank space based on the sum of the character sizes;
A writing direction detection step of detecting a writing direction from the interruption time, the restart time, and the character break coordinates;
A slide parameter determination step for determining the slide amount and the slide direction of the first display based on a maximum character size, the remaining space, and the writing direction;
A guide size determining step for determining the guide size based on the character size.   The program for functioning a computer as a communication terminal in any one of Claim 1 to 5.

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