JP6092725B2 - Wave power generation system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wave power generation system that extracts energy from waves and generates power by the motion of a power generation buoy floating on the sea.

  As a wave power generator installed in a coastal area, a wave power generator installed on a breakwater is disclosed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). This wave power generation device has a water reserving chamber formed on a side surface of a breakwater, a slit formed in a side wall of the water reserving chamber, and a water wheel disposed on the land side of the slit and inside the water reserving chamber. . The slit has a vertical direction as a longitudinal direction (see FIG. 5 of Patent Document 1). This wave power generator has a configuration in which a wave that has passed through a slit collides with a water turbine, and the kinetic energy of this wave is converted into rotational energy of the water turbine to generate power.

  With this configuration, the wave power generator was able to improve the power generation efficiency. This is because a wave that has passed through the slit and has an increased flow velocity can be used for power generation. Moreover, since this wave power generation apparatus is installed on a breakwater installed along the coastline, it is easy to connect a power transmission cable or the like.

  However, the wave power generator described above has several problems. 1stly, it has the problem that a water turbine may be destroyed at the time of stormy weather. In particular, since it has the structure which raises the flow velocity of a wave with a slit, possibility that a water turbine will fail further increases.

  Secondly, the wave power generator arranged on the coastline has a problem that the amount of power generation is not stable. This is because in the vicinity of the coastline, waves are greatly affected by topography, wind, etc., and their amplitude and period are not stable.

  Third, there is a problem that it is difficult to install the wave power generation apparatus in the coastal sea area. This is because when a breakwater is constructed in a coastal sea area where the water depth is deeper than the coastline, this construction cost becomes high. Moreover, since the seawater exchange inside and outside the breakwater is not performed due to the construction of the breakwater, the water quality in the bay inside the breakwater is deteriorated. This is because the breakwater does not have a configuration that allows seawater to pass through.

  From the above, the installation of wave power generators installed on coastlines and coastal waters has not progressed.

JP2013-2410A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its purpose is to be installed in a coastal sea area in a wave power generation system having a wave power generation apparatus that generates power by extracting energy from waves, An object of the present invention is to provide a wave power generation system that suppresses generation and suppresses construction costs. It is also to provide a wave power generation system that does not cause deterioration of water quality in the bay.

In order to achieve the above object, a wave power generation system according to the present invention is a wave power generation system including a wave structure and a wave power generation device installed in the wave structure, The wave-breaking structure has a frame structure having a plurality of frames extending from the vicinity of the sea bottom to above the sea surface, and a wave-breaking plate installed on a side surface of the frame structure and having an opening, and the wave force A power generator is disposed at a position corresponding to the opening of the wave preventing plate and is moved up and down by waves, a conversion mechanism for converting the vertical movement of the float into a rotational movement, and connected to the conversion mechanism And a generator.

  With this configuration, it is possible to prevent an accident in which the wave power generation device is destroyed even in stormy weather. This is because the wave breaker buffers the wave shock. Moreover, the manufacturing cost of a wave power generation system can be suppressed. This is because a frame structure is adopted for the wave preventing structure.

  In the above-described wave power generation system, the wave-breaking structure has a seawater exchange region, which is a space that allows seawater to move under the wave-breaking plate. With this configuration, it is possible to realize seawater exchange between the sea side and the land side of the wave power generation system while forming a hydrostatic area on the land side of the wave power generation system. This is because the wave-breaking structure can buffer the impact of the wave and maintain the movement of the seawater through the seawater exchange region formed below the wavebreaking structure.

  Said wave power generation system WHEREIN: The said opening part has the width | variety used as 200% or more with respect to the width | variety of the said float, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. With this configuration, the power generation efficiency of the wave power generation device can be maintained.

Body and, have a float moves up and down along the body, conversion mechanism of wave power apparatus, the installed float side magnet float the wave power generator is a vertical direction as the longitudinal direction When a body-side magnets arranged and float side magnet and magnetically coupled can configure the barrel body, a rack fixed to the body side magnet, a pinion gear coupled to the rack, Yu Can be configured.

  With this configuration, it is possible to improve the degree of design freedom when installing the wave power generation device on the wave-proof structure. This is because the wave power generation device can generate power if a space for the float to move along the trunk is secured. Moreover, it is possible to reduce the possibility that the wave power generation device breaks down. This is because a watertight structure can be adopted for the body.

  According to the wave power generation system according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a wave power generation system that can be installed in a coastal sea area, suppresses the occurrence of a failure, and suppresses the construction cost. It is also possible to provide a wave power generation system that does not cause deterioration of water quality in the bay.

1 is a schematic diagram of a wave power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wave power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is the schematic which showed the example of installation of the wave power generation system of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is the schematic of the wave power generator of the wave power generation system of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is the schematic of the wave power generation system of different embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is the schematic of the wave power generation system of different embodiment which concerns on this invention.

Hereinafter, a wave power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a wave power generation system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Moreover, the front of the wave power generation system 1 is shown on the left side of FIG. 2, and the side is shown on the right side of FIG. The wave power generation system 1 includes a wave preventing structure 2 and a wave power generating device 3 installed on the wave preventing structure 2.

  This wave-breaking structure 2 has a frame structure 20 having a plurality of frames extending from the vicinity of the seabed 12 to above the sea surface 11, and a wave-breaking plate 22 installed on a side surface of the frame structure 20 and having an opening 23. doing. The frame 20 structure includes a plurality of leg frames 20a having a substantially vertical direction as a longitudinal direction, a plurality of upper frames 20b coupled to the upper side of the plurality of leg frames 20a and having a substantially horizontal direction as a longitudinal direction, and a plurality of intermediate frames. It has a frame 20c, a plurality of lower frames 20d, and a plurality of diagonal frames 20e. The leg frame 20 a is fixed so as to cover the pile 24 driven into the seabed 12.

  Further, the wave preventing plate 22 can be made of concrete such as precast with a steel plate or the like. Furthermore, the wave preventing plate 22 is fixed to the frame structure 20 with the upper end side of the wave preventing plate inclined to the land side with respect to the lower end side.

  In addition, the wave preventing structure 2 has a seawater circulation region P1 that allows passage of seawater between the front surface and the back surface of the wave preventing structure 2 below the wave preventing plate 22 (see FIG. 2). ). Here, F shows an example of the direction in which seawater flows. In FIG. 1, a part of the wave preventing plate 22 is cut out.

  The wave power generation device 3 is connected between the upper frame 20b and the intermediate frame 20c, and includes a body 31 having a longitudinal direction as a longitudinal direction, and a float 30 installed to be movable up and down along the body 31. ing. The float 30 is disposed between the wave preventing plate 22 and the coastline so as to collide with a wave that has passed through the opening 23 of the wave preventing plate 22. Specifically, the float 30 is formed so that both the width and the height are smaller than the opening 23 formed in the wave preventing plate 22. Moreover, although not shown in figure, the wave power generator 3 has the conversion mechanism which converts the vertical motion of the float 30 into a rotational motion, and the generator connected with the conversion mechanism.

  Next, the operation of the wave power generation system 1 will be described. First, the operation of the normal wave power generation system 1 will be described. The wave-breaking structure 2 receives a wave collision at the wave-breaking plate 22 and is quenched. The wave power generation device 3 receives the energy of the wave that has passed through the opening 23 by the float 30 and transmits the vertical movement of the float 30 from the conversion mechanism to the generator to generate power. This generator can be installed, for example, inside the body 31 or part of the frame structure 20.

  Next, the operation of the wave power generation system 1 during stormy weather will be described. During stormy weather, a wave having energy exceeding the amount of energy required for power generation arrives at the wave power generation system 1. At this time, the wave-breaking plate 22 of the wave-breaking structure 2 receives a wave collision and loses much energy of the wave. In particular, the wave preventing plate 22 cancels the wave that covers the float 30 at the upper part of the wave preventing plate 22. Further, the wave breaker 22 buffers the energy of the seawater moving in the intermediate layer below the sea level at the lower part of the wave breaker 22. Here, since the waves in stormy weather move not only on the sea surface but also in the intermediate layer in a state where the seawater has a large energy, the buffering by the lower part of the wave preventing plate 22 is effective.

  At this time, the float 30 may be controlled to continue power generation using only the waves passing through the opening 23 (power generation control in stormy weather). Further, the float 30 may be controlled to be fixed to the body 31 by a fixing tool and to function as a wave barrier that suppresses waves that pass through the opening 23 (wavebreak control during stormy weather).

With the above configuration, the wave power generation system 1 can obtain the following effects. First, it is possible to prevent an accident in which the float 30 and the like of the wave power generation device 3 are destroyed during stormy weather. This is because the wave preventing plate 22 buffers the shock of the wave. In particular, since a wave that covers the float 30 can be effectively prevented at the top of the wave preventing plate 22, it is possible to prevent the wave power generation device 3 from being broken. In addition, the adoption of the frame structure 20 does not cause a problem such as the flow of seawater into the seawater circulation region P1 and an increase in the flow velocity of the seawater passing through the opening 23. Can be prevented.

  Second, the manufacturing cost of the wave power generation system 1 can be suppressed. This is because it is not necessary to install a concrete structure that extends to the sea floor, such as a conventional breakwater, by adopting the breakwater structure 2 constituted by the frame structure 20. In particular, even in a place where the water depth is deep, the wave power generation system 1 can be installed easily and with reduced cost by adjusting the length of the leg frame 20a.

  Third, seawater exchange between the sea side and the land side of the wave power generation system 1 can be realized while forming a hydrostatic area on the land side of the wave power generation system 1. This is because the wave-breaking structure 2 of the wave power generation system 1 can buffer the impact of waves and maintain the movement of seawater through the seawater exchange region P1 formed below the wave impact structure.

  Specifically, FIG. 3 shows an installation example of the wave power generation system 1. The wave power generation system 1 is installed in a coastal area away from the coastline 50. A hydrostatic area P2 is formed between the wave power generation system 1 and the coastline 50 (land side). This still water region P2 can circulate seawater through the seawater exchange region P1 of the wave power generation system 1. Therefore, it is possible to install, for example, an aquaculture ikesu 52 or the like in the still water area P2. Reference numeral 51 denotes a jetty 51 installed on the coastline 50.

  Fourth, the wave power generation system 1 can be installed in any place. This is because, on the land side of the wave power generation system 1, only the hydrostatic area P2 is formed and the seawater exchange is maintained, so the load on the marine environment is small.

  In addition, the structure of the frame structure 20 is not restricted above, What is necessary is just a structure which can support the wave prevention board 20, and can form the seawater exchange area | region P1.

  In FIG. 4, the example of the wave power generator which the wave power generation system 1 has is shown. The wave power generation device 3 on the left side of FIG. 4 includes a float 30 that moves up and down along the body 31 by waves, a conversion mechanism 32 that converts the vertical movement of the float 30 into rotational movement, and a power generation connected to the conversion mechanism 32. Machine 33. The conversion mechanism 32 includes a rack 38 installed in the float 30 and a pinion gear 39 that rotates in response to the linear movement of the rack 38. The pinion gear 39 is configured to transmit the rotational force to the generator 33. The wave power generation device 3 is configured such that, as the float 30 moves up and down, the rack 38 moves up and down and the pinion gear 39 rotates.

  With this configuration, the wave power generation device 3 of the wave power generation system 1 can be manufactured at low cost. This is because the conventional conversion mechanism 32 can be used.

  The wave power generation device 3A of a different embodiment is shown on the right side of FIG. The conversion mechanism 32A of the wave power generation device 3A includes a float-side magnet 36 installed in the float 30, and a body-side magnet 35 disposed in the body 31 and configured to be magnetically coupled to the float-side magnet 36. The rack 38A is fixed to the body-side magnet 35, and the pinion gear 39A rotates in response to the linear movement of the rack 38A.

The wave power generator 3A is configured such that the float-side magnet 36 moves up and down as the float 30 moves up and down, and this up-and-down movement is transmitted to the body-side magnet 35 by magnetic coupling. The wave power generation device 3A is configured to transmit the vertical movement of the body side magnet 35 to the generator 33 via, for example, a rack 38A and a pinion 39A.

  With this configuration, the wave power generation system can obtain the following effects. 1stly, the freedom degree of design at the time of installing wave power generator 3A in the wave-proof structure 2 can be improved. This is because the wave power generation device 3 </ b> A can generate power if a space in which the float 30 moves along the body 31 is secured. That is, as shown in the left side of FIG. 4, the wave power generation device 3 </ b> A does not have a configuration in which the rack 38 protrudes above the body 31, so that there is a restriction when installing the wave power generation device 2 on the wave-breaking structure 2. Hateful.

  Secondly, the possibility that the wave power generation device 3 </ b> A breaks down can be reduced. This is because by utilizing the magnetic coupling by the body side magnet 35 and the float side magnet 36, a watertight structure is adopted for the body 31, and a structure in which water is not applied to the generator 33 and the like inside the body 31 can be easily realized. . That is, as shown in the left side of FIG. 4, the wave power generation device 3 </ b> A does not need to form an opening through which the rack 38 penetrates the body 31, so that seawater, rainwater, and the like can enter the body 31. Can be prevented.

  The wave power generation device 3A may be configured to generate power using electromagnetic induction instead of magnetic coupling. With this configuration, the same effects as described above can be obtained. Moreover, the wave power generation device may have a body having a horizontal direction as a longitudinal direction and a float that rotates in the vertical direction about the body as a central axis (Salter Duck).

  The front of the wave power generation system 1 is shown on the left side of FIG. The wave blocking plate 22 constituting the wave blocking structure 2 includes a wave blocking plate upper portion 22a, two wave blocking plate side portions 22b extending downward from both ends of the wave blocking plate upper portion 22a, and two wave blocking plate side portions. A wave-breaking plate lower part 22c formed so as to connect the lower part of 22b, and an opening 23 which is a region surrounded by the wave-breaking plate upper part 22a, the wave-breaking plate side part 22b and the wave-breaking plate lower part 22c. doing.

  The width Lp of the opening 23 is formed to be larger than the width Lf of the float 30, and preferably 200% to 300% of the width Lf of the float 30. If the width Lp of the opening 23 is too smaller than the above, most of the waves will not pass through the opening 23, and sufficient wave energy will not be transmitted to the float 30, resulting in a reduction in power generation efficiency. That is, when the width Lp of the opening 23 is 200% or less with respect to the width Lf of the float 30, the amplitude of the wave in the vicinity of the float 30 becomes small, and is 200% or more with respect to the width Lf of the float 30. In this case, the amplitude of the wave in the vicinity of the float 30 is approximately the same as when the wave preventing plate 22 is not installed. On the other hand, if the width Lp of the opening 23 is too larger than the above, more waves will pass without colliding with the wave blocking plate 22 and the float 30, and the wave blocking performance by the wave blocking structure 2 will decrease. Resulting in. The height Hp of the opening 23 is about ± 4 m, preferably about ± 3 m, in the vertical direction with respect to the average tide level WL. The height Hp of the opening is appropriately determined by the amplitude of the wave generated at that point. For example, in the sea near Japan, the wave amplitude often falls within ± 2 m, and in this case, the height Hp of the opening is preferably ± 3 m with respect to the average tide level surface WL. On the other hand, the height Hf of the float can be arbitrarily determined. The height Hf of the float is determined by using the power generation capacity of the wave power generation device 3 as a parameter. Specifically, for example, the float 30 shown in FIG. 5 can have a width Lf of 4.5 m and a height Hf of 4.0 m.

The front of the wave power generation system 1B of a different embodiment is shown on the right side of FIG. The wave preventing structure 2 </ b> B of the wave power generation system 1 </ b> B is configured such that the wave blocking plate lower part 22 c is removed and the lower part of the opening 23 is opened. With this configuration, the seawater exchange region P1 can be expanded and active seawater circulation can be realized. In particular, when the wave power generation system is installed in an area where the water depth is shallow, the configuration of the wave-breaking structure 2B is advantageous. This is because the energy of the seawater moving through the intermediate layer is not so large in a region where the water depth is shallow even during stormy weather. Moreover, the manufacturing cost of the wave preventing plate 22 can be suppressed by the configuration in which the lower portion of the opening 23 is opened.

  In FIG. 5, for the sake of convenience, the wave blocking plate 22 is divided into a plurality of parts and given names. However, the wave blocking plate 22 may be integrally formed, and a structure in which a plurality of divided wave forming pieces are connected is connected. Also good.

  FIG. 6 shows a front view of a wave power generation system 1C according to another embodiment. In this wave power generation system 1C, a plurality of (for example, two) floats 30 are provided with a wave preventing plate 22C having one opening 23C. With this configuration, since the number of floats 30 can be increased, the power generation capacity of the wave power generation system 1C can be increased. Moreover, since the space | interval of the floats 30 can be made to approach, electric power generation efficiency can be improved.

  Further, the wave preventing plate 22C is configured not to open the lower portion of the opening 23, while the lower portion of the wave preventing plate 22C is configured to be short. With this configuration, it is possible to realize an active seawater circulation while buffering the wave energy of the intermediate layer at the lower part of the wave preventing plate.

  Note that the width Lp of the opening 23 in the opening 23C illustrated in FIG. 6 is desirably configured to be in a range of 400% to 500% of the width Lf of the float 30. This is because the power generation efficiency is not lowered and the wave preventing performance is not lowered. Moreover, it is good also as a structure which installs the wave-shielding board which has one opening part with respect to the three or more floats 30. FIG. With this configuration, the power generation capacity can be further increased and the power generation efficiency can be improved.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1B, 1C Wave power generation system 2, 2B, 2C Wave-proof structure 3, 3A Wave power generator 11 Sea surface 12 Seabed 20 Frame structure 22 Wave-proof board 23 Opening part 30 Float 31 Body 32 Conversion mechanism 33 Generator 35 Body side magnet 36 Float side magnet P1 Seawater exchange area

Claims (4)

A wave power generation system having a wave prevention structure and a wave power generation device installed in the wave prevention structure,
The wave-breaking structure has a frame structure having a plurality of frames extending from the vicinity of the sea floor to above the sea surface, and a wave-breaking plate installed on a side surface of the frame structure and having an opening,
The wave power generation device is disposed at a position corresponding to the opening of the wave preventing plate and moves up and down by waves, a conversion mechanism that converts the vertical movement of the float into a rotational movement, and a conversion mechanism A wave power generation system comprising: a coupled generator;   2. The wave power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the wavebreak structure has a seawater exchange area that is a space that allows seawater to move under the wavebreak plate.   The wave power generation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the opening has a width of 200% or more with respect to the width of the float. The wave power generation device has a trunk whose longitudinal direction is the vertical direction, and the float that moves up and down along the trunk,
The conversion mechanism of the wave power generator includes a float-side magnet installed on the float, a fuselage-side magnet disposed in the fuselage and configured to be magnetically coupled to the float-side magnet, and the fuselage The wave power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: a rack fixed to the side magnet; and a pinion gear connected to the rack.

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