JP6091131B2 - Granule spray vehicle - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a granular material spraying vehicle provided with a granular material spraying device that travels down and sprays a granular material stored in a storage part to the ground while traveling.

  Vehicles that disperse grains such as grains, seeds, and granular fertilizers on a field are known. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a riding type rice transplanter equipped with a fertilizer application device in which a fertilizer clogging sensor is arranged on a wall surface of a tubular grooving device that sends granular fertilizer supplied through a fertilization hose to a field. . Since this fertilizer clogging sensor detects the clogging of fertilizer in the grooving device by utilizing the fact that the level of conduction between the electrodes provided at a pair of intervals is increased by the interposition of the fertilizer, There is a problem that a change in electrical resistance due to moisture content has an adverse effect, and there are many noise components in the detection signal, making it difficult to detect clogging accurately.

  In order to solve such problems, Patent Document 2 includes a piezoelectric impact detection sensor and an evaluation unit having a detection surface on which powder particles such as grain, seed meal, and granular fertilizer collide, and this evaluation unit. However, it is possible to process the detection signal output from the impact detection sensor by the collision of the granular material with the detection surface to determine the flow state of the granular material, that is, whether the granular material is flowing down or clogged. A rice transplanter equipped with an evaluation apparatus for evaluating the state of a granular material is disclosed. In this rice transplanter, it is possible to make the driver recognize the clogging of the granular material by accurately detecting the clogging of the granular material and issuing an alarm through a lamp or a speaker.

  In the vehicle according to Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, it is possible to detect clogging in the flow path of the granular material. However, even if the granular material flows well in the flow path, the amount cannot be detected. For example, Patent Document 2 is equipped with an appropriate amount feeding unit for a granular material using an appropriate amount distribution recess, but if there is a variation in the amount of storage in the appropriate amount distribution recess, Although the amount of spray varies, the particulate state assessment device cannot detect the amount of powder passing through the flow path, and the driver knows the state of the amount of powder on the field. I can't do it.

JP 2000-324916 A (paragraph number [0011-0018], FIG. 3) JP 2011-85529 A (paragraph number [0021-0029], FIGS. 7 and 8)

  In view of the above circumstances, there is a demand for a granular material spraying vehicle that can detect the amount of spraying when the granular material stored in the storage unit is allowed to flow down and sprayed onto the ground.

The granular material spraying vehicle according to the present invention includes a granular material spraying device for flowing down the granular material stored in the storage unit and spraying it on the ground, and the granular material flowing down in the flow path of the granular material. An impact detection sensor having a sensor surface that collides with the impact detection sensor, an application amount evaluation unit that calculates an amount of powder particles per unit area based on a detection signal of the impact detection sensor, and an application evaluated by the application amount evaluation unit A dispersion amount determination unit that determines whether the amount is out of a preset allowable range, a behavior information generation unit that generates behavior information indicating a driving state of the vehicle and / or the powder particle dispersion device, and both A flow state evaluation unit that evaluates a flow state of the powder body in the flow path based on a detection signal of the impact detection sensor, and a notification unit ,
The determination by the application amount determination unit is stopped based on the behavior information.
Further, the flow state evaluation unit determines clogging in the flow path of the granular material based on the behavior information and the flow state, and the notification unit has an allowable range of the granular material application amount as an evaluation result. When an occurrence of a spraying failure that deviates from the above, a warning lamp corresponding to the flow path in which the spraying failure has been detected is lit as a spraying failure notification, and a clogging that can be distinguished from the spraying failure notification when the particulate clogging occurs As a notification, an alarm lamp corresponding to the flow down path where the particulate clogging is detected is turned on.

The impact force when the powder particles flowing down collide with a predetermined surface arranged in the flow path depends on the flow amount of the powder particles flowing down. It was found that by using the relationship between the flow rate and the impact force, the flow rate of the granular material in the flow channel can be calculated. In the present invention, this finding by the inventor is utilized. In other words, an impact detection sensor is configured using a transducer such as a piezoelectric element that converts impact force into an electrical signal, and the detection signal is processed from the impact detection sensor to determine the amount of powder flow down, that is, the amount of spray on the ground. calculate. At that time, taking into account the travel locus of the particulate material spraying vehicle, each travel locus of small sections that will assign a granular material application rate, particulate material application rate in a given section of the ground, i.e. powder per unit area It is possible to grasp the amount of particles sprayed.
As a more specific and preferable configuration for acquiring the powder particle amount per unit area, the spray amount evaluation unit includes a collision amount calculated based on a detection signal of the impact detection sensor, and the powder. Calculate the flow amount of the granular material based on the attribute information of the granular material, per unit area of the granular material based on the flow amount, the number of flow paths of the granular material, and the travel distance It is comprised so that the granular material dispersion amount of may be calculated. Further preferably, the attribute information of the granular material includes the type, average size, and average weight of the granular material.

  If the granular material spraying device is applied to a vehicle as a seeding device for spraying seed pods on a field or a fertilizing device for spraying granular fertilizer or both, in sowing work and fertilization work important in agriculture etc., The present invention makes it possible to grasp the distribution situation of seed pods and granular fertilizers in the field. In addition, from such information, it becomes possible to grasp the amount and application status of seed fertilizer and granular fertilizer in a specific area, and in some cases, it is also possible to add additional seed fertilizer and granular fertilizer only to the defective application area It becomes.

  Since a large number of powder particles flow down the flow path at the same time, in order to accurately detect the impact of each powder particle on the sensor surface, that is, the impact force, the sensor surface is divided into minute sections. It is preferable to detect and process the impact force at. Therefore, in one preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sensor surface is composed of a plurality of sensor area screens arranged in a direction crossing the flow path of the granular material.

Since the impact detection sensor detects the impact force when the powder flowing down the flow path collides with the sensor surface, when the powder packed in the flow path is accumulated to cover the sensor surface, No impact force is detected from the sensor surface, or only a very small impact force is detected. By utilizing this phenomenon, it is possible to detect the flow state of the granular material, for example, to detect clogging, using the detection signal from the impact detection sensor. Therefore, in the present invention, a flow state evaluation unit is provided that evaluates the flow state of the powder particles in the flow path based on the detection signal of the impact detection sensor. As is apparent from the evaluation principle, the advantage that most of the configuration of the flow state evaluation unit (clogging detection unit) can be shared with the application amount evaluation unit.

If there is a spray amount evaluation unit and a flow state evaluation unit that commonly use the detection signal from the impact detection sensor, the powder spray amount is not within the allowable range from the evaluation result. Clogging can be determined. When notifying the driver of such defective spraying or clogging of particulate matter as a warning, it is impossible to distinguish which one has occurred by a method of simply notifying with a warning buzzer or a warning lamp. For this reason, in the present invention, a spraying failure notification is output when a spraying failure occurs in which the amount of powdered particles as an evaluation result is outside the allowable range, or can be distinguished from the spraying failure notification when a particle clogging occurs. A notification unit that outputs a notification of clogging is provided. In addition, when a plurality of flow paths for the granular material are provided, it is preferable to notify so that the flow path where clogging has occurred can be specified.

When spraying a granular material using a granular material spraying device while running the vehicle, depending on the driving state, various vibrations and impacts occur in the vehicle and the granular material spraying device, and these are applied to the impact detection sensor. May have adverse effects. In addition, there is a possibility that a spraying failure may be notified under the condition that the powder and particle spraying device is not operating clearly. In order to reduce such a problem, it is preferable to consider the driving state of the vehicle and the granular material spraying device when determining clogging of the granular material. Therefore, in the present invention, a behavior information generation unit that generates behavior information indicating the driving state of the vehicle and / or the granular material spraying device is provided, and the fluid state evaluation unit is based on the behavior information and the fluid state. The clogging of the granular material in the flow-down path is determined. Behavior information that should be considered includes:
(1) Stopping state of vehicle, turning state (2) Operating state of powder spraying device (during operation or non-operation)
(3) Rotation status of the PTO shaft that transmits power to the powder distribution device (rotating or not rotating or rotating speed)
(4) Engine rotation speed (5) Axle rotation speed (6) When a work device other than the powder particle disperser is equipped, the operation state of the work device (during operation or non-operation or operation speed)
Etc.

It is a functional block diagram explaining the basic composition for calculating the amount of granular material distribution in the granular material distribution vehicle by the present invention. It is a side view of the direct seeding machine which is one of the specific embodiment of the granular material dispersion | distribution vehicle by this invention. It is a top view of a direct seeding machine. It is a plane sectional view of an arrangement field of a seeding device and a fertilizer application device in a direct sowing machine. It is sectional drawing which shows the fertilizer to which the impact detection sensor was attached. It is sectional drawing which shows the seeding apparatus which attached the impact detection sensor. It is a functional block diagram of the sensor controller which performs the signal processing from the impact detection sensor arrange | positioned at the direct seeding machine.

Before describing a specific embodiment of the powder and dust distribution vehicle, the basic steps of calculating the powder and particle distribution amount executed in the powder and particle distribution vehicle will be described with reference to the functional block diagram shown in FIG. To do. In this functional block diagram, each processing step for calculating the amount of dust particles is shown as a functional unit.
The impact detection sensor 9 is arranged in the powder particle flow path of the powder particle dispersion device 100 so that the sensor surface 90 collides with the flowing powder material. The impact detection sensor 9 is configured as a transducer that uses a piezoelectric element similar to the impact detection sensor described in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2011-85529) described above to convert force into an electrical signal. Yes. The impact force acting on the sensor surface 90 due to the collision of the powder on the sensor surface 90 is output from the impact detection sensor 9 as a pulsed electric signal (detection signal). The signal preprocessing unit 3 performs necessary amplification processing, filtering processing, A / D conversion processing, and the like on the detection signal. The detection signal preprocessed by the signal preprocessing unit 3 is sent to the application amount evaluation unit 4. Based on the detection signal sent from the signal preprocessing unit 3, the spray amount evaluation unit 4 calculates the spray amount per unit time and / or the spray amount per unit area. .

  In the sprinkling amount evaluation unit 4, a powder particle information setting unit 40, a collision amount calculation unit 41, a unit time scattering amount calculation unit 42, and a unit area scattering amount calculation unit 43 are substantially constructed by a computer program. The granular material information setting unit 40 is a memory that stores readable attribute information such as the type, average size, and average weight of the granular material to be evaluated. When the granular material to be evaluated has one type and the same attribute information, the granular material information is handled as a fixed value, but when there are multiple types of granular materials to be evaluated, it is selected and set by some selection signal Configured to be. Moreover, when it changes with climate or a season, you may enable it to change and set the attribute value of the granular material used as evaluation object through an operation button or a touch panel.

  The collision amount calculation unit 41 calculates the collision amount depending on the collision force based on the signal characteristics of the detection signal preprocessed by the signal preprocessing unit 3. Examples of the signal characteristics used for calculating the collision amount include the amplitude value of the detection signal, the number of peaks of the detection signal equal to or higher than a predetermined level, the envelope shape of the detection signal, the detection signal integration amount, and the like. The calculation of the collision amount can be performed by calculation using an experimentally obtained calculation algorithm, but the signal characteristic of the detection signal is calculated using a map created by mapping such a calculation algorithm in advance. A configuration in which the amount of collision is derived using as an input parameter is suitable.

Since the collision amount calculated by the collision amount calculation unit 41 depends on the collision force, the flow amount of the granular material, that is, the spray amount of the granular material is derived based on the collision amount and the attribute information of the granular material. Can do. Again, it is convenient to use a map that has been created in advance through experiments or the like.
The unit time application amount calculation unit 42 evaluates the amount of collision calculated by the collision amount calculation unit 41 over time, and determines the amount of powder per unit time from the amount of collision per unit time (for example, 1 to several seconds). The amount of flow down, that is, the amount of powdered particles is calculated.
The unit area spray amount calculation unit 43 calculates the powder particle spray amount per unit area on the ground. Since the amount of dust particles per unit area is the amount of dust particles per unit mileage of the dust particles spraying vehicle, the vehicle speed information of the dust particles scattering vehicle and dust particles scattering are used for the calculation. The number of particulate flow paths provided in the apparatus 100 is also used as an input parameter. Since the latter input parameter is generally constant, in that case, it can be incorporated in advance as a constant.
Since the unit area application amount can be calculated using the unit time application amount and the vehicle speed, the unit time application amount calculation unit 42 and the unit area application amount calculation unit 43 can of course be integrated. For the sake of clarity, the description is divided here. Similarly, other functional units can be integrated or divided.

  The spray amount determination unit 5 checks whether or not the spray amount evaluated by the spray amount evaluation unit 4 is out of the preset allowable range. If the spray amount is out of the allowable range, the powder amount is excessive. Alternatively, an abnormality occurrence signal indicating that the amount of spraying the granular material is insufficient is provided to the notification unit 50. The notification unit 50 outputs an alarm based on the abnormality occurrence signal in the form of audio information and / or visual information.

  FIG. 1 also shows a functional unit for detecting the flow state of the granular material in the flow-down path, in particular, detection of clogging of the granular material, by a method similar to the above-described application amount evaluation. That is, the impact detection sensor 9 is also used as a flow state detection sensor. The detection signal from the impact detection sensor 9 is again subjected to necessary preprocessing by the signal preprocessing unit 3. In the case where the signal preprocessing cannot be shared by the spread amount evaluation and the flow state detection, the first signal preprocessing unit 3a for the spread amount evaluation and the second signal for the flow state detection are included in the signal preprocessing unit 3. What is necessary is just to build the process part 3b. One of the preferred embodiments of the second signal preprocessing unit 3b is frequency processing of a detection signal as described in Patent Document 2 described above.

  The detection signal preprocessed by the signal preprocessing unit 3 is input to the flow state evaluation unit 4a that evaluates the flow state in the flow path of the granular material based on the detection signal. In the flow state evaluation unit 4a, it is determined whether or not the input detection signal is caused by the collision of the granular material with the sensor surface 90, and the frequency of the detection signal considered to be caused by the collision of the granular material is determined. If there is more, it will evaluate that fluidity | liquidity is favorable, and if the frequency is less, it will evaluate that fluidity | liquidity is bad (clogging generate | occur | produces). Alternatively, when the flow path is completely clogged with powder particles, the powder particles do not collide with the sensor surface 90 and substantially no detection signal is generated, so that clogging is detected without the generation of a detection signal. be able to. When a fluid state failure or clogging is detected, the fluid state evaluation unit 4 a gives an abnormality occurrence signal to the notification unit 50. The notification unit 50 outputs an alarm based on the abnormality occurrence signal in the form of audio information and / or visual information. In addition, it is preferable to make it the form which can mutually distinguish the alerting | reporting regarding the granular material spraying amount deficiency mentioned above and the alerting | reporting regarding a fluid state defect and a clogging.

  In addition, when evaluating clogging by the presence or absence of a detection signal, it is a precondition that the granular material dispersion | distribution vehicle is in dispersion | spreading work, or the granular material dispersion | distribution apparatus 100 is operating. For this reason, a behavior information generation unit CU that generates behavior information indicating the driving state of the granular material spraying vehicle and / or the granular material spraying device 100 is provided as one of the electronic control units of the granular material spraying vehicle. The flow state evaluation unit 4a finally determines clogging in the flow path of the granular material based on the evaluated flow state and the behavior information from the behavior information generation unit CU. Although the contents of the behavior information are listed above, the condition that the delivery of the powder and particles by the powder and dust distribution device 100 is considered to be interrupted, for example, indirect such as when the vehicle is stopped or when the vehicle is turning. Or any other direct condition such as when the power transmission shaft to the granular material spraying device 100 is stopped.

  Next, one specific embodiment of the granular material dispersion vehicle according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a side view of a direct seeding machine which is an example of powder particle dispersion, and FIG. 3 is a plan view thereof. The direct sowing machine is equipped with a fertilizer application device 7 and a seeding device 8 as the powder and particle distribution device 100. FIG. 4 is a plan sectional view of an arrangement region of the fertilizer application device 7 and the seeding device 8 in the direct sowing machine.

  The direct seeder includes a traveling machine body 1 having a pair of left and right front wheels 2a and a pair of left and right rear wheels 2b. An engine 15 and a mission case 16 are provided at the front of the traveling machine body 1. A working part W is connected to the rear part of the traveling machine body 1 through a link mechanism 10 so as to be movable up and down. A driving seat 11 is provided in the center of the traveling machine body 1. In the vicinity of the driver's seat 11, a steering handle 11 a that steers the pair of left and right front wheels 2 a, a traveling speed change lever 11 b, an operation lever 11 c that performs a lifting operation of the working unit W, and the like are provided. Further, in the direct seeding machine, the power of the engine 15 is transmitted to the pair of left and right front wheels 2a through a gear transmission mechanism formed in the transmission case 16, and through a gear transmission mechanism formed in the rear wheel drive case 17. And a work transmission system for transmitting the power from the transmission case 16 to the working part W via the PTO (power take-off) shaft 18.

  The working unit W includes a seeding device 8, a fertilizer application device 7, a chemical spraying device S, a leveling float 12, and a marker 13. In the working part W, the fertilizer 7 is positioned closest to the front side of the machine body, the seeding device 8 is positioned on the rear side of the body of the fertilizer apparatus 7, and the drug spraying device S is positioned on the rear side of the body of the seeding apparatus 8. They are lined up in the front-rear direction. The sowing apparatus 8 performs surface sowing by spraying seed pods as powder granules on four fields (four rows) on a field scene that is an agricultural ground. The fertilizer applicator 7 performs fertilization by spraying the granular fertilizer as a granular material in four rows (four rows) on the field scene. The chemical spraying device S sprays herbicides and the like on the field scene. The leveling float 12 levels the field scene to be worked. The marker 13 draws a travel indicator for the next travel stroke adjacent to the work travel on the farm scene.

  The link mechanism 10 has an upper link 10a and left and right lower links 10b whose front end portions are swingably supported with respect to the rear portion of the traveling machine body 1, and vertical links 10c connected to these rear end portions, It has. The link mechanism 10 is configured such that the rear end thereof is moved up and down by the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 10s. A working portion W is supported at the lower end of the vertical link 10c so as to be swingable about a rolling axis centering in the front-rear direction.

  The sowing apparatus 8 performs sowing for four strips on the field scene leveled by the leveling float 12 using the seed pod that has been subjected to the iron coating process. The sowing apparatus 8 can perform so-called spot sowing in which a plurality of seed pods are seeded as one strain and seeded at intervals in the front-rear direction. FIG. 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the seeding device 8.

  The seeding device 8 includes two seed hoppers (an example of a storage unit) 80 that stores seeds for two strips, and two seed hopper feeding units 81 each including two seed hoppers 80 so as to feed seed potatoes from each seed hopper 80. And four flow down pipes 83 for guiding the seeds fed from the respective seed seed feeding units 81 directly below in a state where the influence of the wind is suppressed.

  The soot feeding unit 81 includes a soot feeding roll 82 in which a plurality of recesses 82a for receiving the soot is formed on the outer periphery, and a soot feeding case 81a in which the soot feeding roll 82 is housed. The seed soot feeding case 81a is fixed to a sowing frame 20A having a rectangular tube shape extending in the left-right direction.

  Power from the engine 15 is transmitted through the PTO shaft 18 to the power transmission mechanism built in the lateral transmission case 22 and further transmitted to the right and left transmission shafts 21. The power transmitted to the right and left transmission shafts 21 is transmitted to the right and left seeding drive shafts 24 via a chain transmission mechanism built in the vertical transmission case 23. In each of the right and left seeding drive shafts 24, a pair of drive gears 25 a provided on the seeding drive shaft 24 and a pair of driven gears 25 b provided on the roll shaft 89 of the two seed soup feeding rolls 82. Are engaged with each other, and the power of the seeding drive shaft 24 is transmitted to the roll shaft 89 to drive the two seed soot feeding rolls 82.

  The fertilizer application device 7 includes two granular fertilizer hoppers 70 (an example of a storage unit) that store fertilizers for two strips, and feeds out four fertilizers, two each so that the fertilizers are fed from each granular fertilizer hopper 70. A unit 71, four flow pipes 73 that flow down and guide the fertilizer fed from each fertilizer feed unit 71, and a fertilizer spraying unit 74 that sprays the fertilizer flowed down by each flow pipe 73 to the field I have. It should be noted that the fertilizer application unit 74, four groovers 59 for creating a groove for introducing fertilizer in the field scene, and four embedded guide bodies 60 for embedding the fertilizer supplied in each groove. And is incorporated. FIG. 6 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the fertilizer application device 7.

  The fertilizer feeding unit 71 includes a fertilizer feeding roll 72 in which a plurality of concave portions 72 a for receiving fertilizer are formed on the outer peripheral portion, and a fertilizer feeding case 71 a in which the fertilizer feeding roll 72 is housed. The fertilizer supply case 71a is fixed to a rectangular tube-shaped fertilization frame 75 extending in the left-right direction. The fertilizer application frame 20B is supported by the right and left vertical transmission cases 23 via the right and left vertical frames. The fertilizer supply roll 72 is configured to be driven by transmission of power from the transmission shaft 21.

  Specifically, in each of the right and left transmission shafts 21, a rotation arm 26 b provided on the transmission shaft 21, and a swing arm 26 a provided on the roll shaft 79 of the two fertilizer feeding rolls 72, Are connected via a rod (not shown). As a result, when the rotation arm 26b rotates with the rotation of the transmission shaft 21, the swing arm 26a is reciprocally swung through the rod, and the power of the transmission shaft 21 is transmitted to the roll shaft 79. Each fertilizer supply roll 72 is driven.

  The flow of the sowing seed in the sowing apparatus 8 will be described with reference to FIG. A soot feeding unit 81, which is a powder body feeding unit that feeds an appropriate amount of powder, distributes an appropriate amount of the soot stored in the seed hopper 80, and each time the roll shaft 89 rotates intermittently, The seeds discharged from the appropriate amount distribution recess 82a provided on the surface are sent out to the flow down pipe 83 forming the flow down path. The terminal end of the downflow pipe 83 is formed as a sowing unit 84 for sowing seed pods in the field. The impact detection sensor 9 is fitted into a part of the peripheral wall 85 of the seeding unit 84. The impact detection sensor 9 is a transducer that converts a force using a piezoelectric element into an electrical signal, and is positioned so that the seed surface that flows down the flow path collides with the sensor surface 90. The seeding device 8 in this direct seeding machine is provided with four flow down pipes 83 so that seeding can be carried out in four rows (four rows) in the transverse direction to the traveling direction, and an impact detection sensor 9 is provided for each flow down pipe 83. Is provided. An inspection lid 86 is attached to a region facing the impact detection sensor 9 on the peripheral wall 85 of the seeding unit 84. At least a part of the inspection lid 86 is transparent, and the periphery of the impact detection sensor 9 can be visually recognized from the outside.

  The flow of the granular fertilizer in the fertilizer application apparatus 7 is demonstrated using FIG. A granular fertilizer feeding unit 71, which is a granular material feeding unit for feeding an appropriate amount of granular material, distributes an appropriate amount of granular fertilizer stored in the granular fertilizer hopper 70, and feed rolls each time the roll shaft 79 rotates intermittently. The granular fertilizer discharged | emitted from the appropriate amount distribution recessed part 72a provided in the surrounding surface of 72 is sent out to the flow down pipe 73 which forms a flow down path. The end of the flow-down pipe 73 is formed as a groove forming unit 74 for embedding granular fertilizer in the field, and the impact detection sensor 9 is fitted in a part of the peripheral wall 75 of the groove forming unit 74. The impact detection sensor 9 provided in the fertilizer application device 7 is the same as the impact detection sensor 9 provided in the seeding device 8. As with the sowing device 8, the fertilizer 7 in this direct sowing machine is provided with four downflow pipes 83 so that fertilization can be performed in four rows (four rows) in the transverse direction with respect to the traveling direction. An impact detection sensor 9 is provided for each. An inspection lid 76 is attached to a region of the peripheral wall 75 of the groove forming unit 74 that faces the impact detection sensor 9. At least a part of the inspection lid 76 is transparent, and the periphery of the impact detection sensor 9 can be visually recognized from the outside.

  The impact detection sensor 9 provided in the fertilizer application device 7 and the sowing device 8 is used for evaluation of the amount of application to the field of granular fertilizer and seed seeds and evaluation of the flow state in the respective downflow pipes 73 and 83 (clogging detection). It is used as a sensor. The basic principle described with reference to FIG. 1 is applied to signal processing for performing necessary evaluation from the detection signal by the impact detection sensor 9.

  FIG. 7 shows functional blocks showing the functions of the controller ECU that performs signal processing of detection signals output from the eight piezoelectric impact detection sensors 9 provided in the fertilizer application device 7 and the seeding device 8 of this direct seeding machine. Has been. Of the eight impact detection sensors 9, four are provided in the flow down line 73 of the fertilizer application device 7, and the remaining four are provided in the flow down line 83 of the seeding device 8. All the impact detection sensors 9 are substantially the same, but their housing shapes may differ depending on the mounting location.

  The sensor surface 90 of the impact detection sensor 9 is divided into a plurality of sensor area screens 90a, that is, sensor minute surfaces 90a. Although the figure shows four divisions, the number of divisions may be other than that, or a single plane without division may be used. Since each sensor minute surface 90a operates independently, a detection signal of only the sensor minute surface 90a can be taken out, but the number of detection signals output by mixing a predetermined number in the impact detection sensor 9 is reduced. May be. In the example of FIG. 7, a configuration is adopted in which detection signals are output from the four sensor minute surfaces 90 a of each impact detection sensor 9.

  Since the controller ECU is provided on the body side of the direct seeding machine, it is connected to the impact detection sensor 9 by a wire harness, and the detection signal of each impact detection sensor 9 is identified for each impact detection sensor 9. Entered. In the controller ECU, a signal preprocessing unit 3, a spray amount evaluation unit 4, a flow state evaluation unit 4a that functions as a clogging detection unit, and a spray amount determination unit 5 are constructed, and these functions are those described in FIG. Is substantially the same, and the spray amount evaluation unit 4 includes a collision amount calculation unit 41 and a unit time spray amount calculation unit 42 or a unit area spray amount calculation that calculates the spray amount based on the calculated collision amount. Part 43 or both are included depending on the specification. In this embodiment, as an option, the controller ECU is provided with a spray amount data storage unit 4b. The application amount data storage unit 4b has a function of storing the application amount calculated by the application amount evaluation unit 4 together with behavior information (time, vehicle speed, GPS position, etc.) of the direct seeder for later use.

  In this embodiment, the signal preprocessing unit 3 detects a detection signal from each impact detection sensor 9 that is input individually, and in addition, detection from each sensor minute surface 90a in each impact detection sensor 9 that is input individually. It is also possible to appropriately integrate or distribute signals. The signal preprocessing unit 3 performs the necessary preprocessing as described above on the detection signal and sends the detection signal to the application amount evaluation unit 4. In this embodiment, a detection signal subjected to the same preprocessing is sent to the scatter evaluation unit 4 and the clogging detection unit 4a.

Also in this embodiment, since the behavior information as listed above is used for calculation of the application amount in the application amount evaluation unit 4 and clogging determination in the application amount determination unit 5 and the clogging detection unit 4a, the controller ECU A behavior information generation unit CU that generates such behavior information is connected to a data transmission line such as an in-vehicle LAN.
As the behavior information handled by the behavior information generation unit CU in the direct seeding machine,
(1) Rotation / non-rotation of the PTO shaft (no determination is made when non-rotating)
(2) PTO clutch lever operating position (3) Engine rotation (determination time is changed according to engine speed)
(4) Axle rotation state (not determined when not rotating, changing determination time according to rotation speed)
(5) Rotating state of the rotating element in the fertilizer application device 7 and the seeding device 8 (not determined when not rotating, changing the determination time according to the number of rotations)
(6) Ascending posture / descending posture of the working unit W equipped with the fertilizer application device 7 and the sowing device 8 (not determined in the ascending posture)
(7) Although the operation position of the raising / lowering lever with respect to the working part W etc. are mentioned, one or more of them is used.

  In this embodiment, the notification unit 50 includes an alarm lamp system including four alarm lamps 50a prepared for the fertilizer application device 7 and four alarm lamps 50b prepared for the seeding device 8, and an operation unit. And a warning display system including a segment display 50c for displaying information with character strings and symbol strings incorporated in the arranged meter panel. The alarm lamps 50a and 50b are provided at locations corresponding to the flow paths that are easily visible to the driver in each device. By turning on the alarm lamps 50a and 50b corresponding to the downflow path in which the spraying abnormality or clogging is detected, the driver can recognize an abnormality or clogging in a specific downflow path of the fertilizer application device 7 or the seeding device 8. . At that time, in order to distinguish between the spraying abnormality and the clogging, the lighting patterns of the alarm lamps 50a and 50b may be made different. The lighting pattern includes continuous lighting, short cycle flashing, long cycle flashing, and the like. Moreover, the alarm lamp 50a of the fertilizer application device 7 and the alarm lamp 50b of the sowing device 8 may be made common so that the alarm regarding the fertilizer device 7 or the alarm regarding the sowing device 8 can be distinguished by the lighting pattern. When the segment display 50c is used, information related to the alarm can be displayed with characters and symbols. Furthermore, it is also possible to use a single alarm lamp and notify the segment display 50c of locations such as poor spraying or clogging. In that case, an alarm buzzer may be used instead of the alarm lamp.

[Another embodiment]
(1) Instead of the piezoelectric type impact detection sensor 9, another type of impact detection sensor, for example, a strain gauge type impact detection sensor may be used.
(2) In the embodiment described above, a direct sowing machine in which the fertilizer application device 7 and the sowing device 8 are simultaneously mounted is employed as the granular material spreading vehicle, but the rice planting in which the sowing device 8 is mounted instead of the seedling planting device. The present invention is also applicable to a rice transplanter, a fertilizer application machine, or the like on which only the machine or the fertilizer application device 7 is attached.

  The present invention can be applied to various types of granular material scattering vehicles that distribute granular materials to the ground.

7: Fertilizer application equipment (powder spraying equipment)
70: Granular fertilizer hopper (storage part)
73: Downstream pipe (downstream path)
8: Sowing device (powder spraying device)
80: Seed hopper (storage part)
83: Downstream pipe (downstream path)
3 signal preprocessing unit 4 spraying amount evaluation unit 40 granular material information setting unit 41 collision amount calculation unit 42 unit time spraying amount calculation unit 43 unit area spraying amount calculation unit 4a: flow state evaluation unit (clogging detection unit)
5: Application amount determination unit 50: Notification unit 9: Impact detection sensor 90: Sensor surface 90a: Sensor minute surface (sensor area screen)
100 granular material spraying device W: working unit S: drug spraying device CU: behavior information generating unit ECU: controller

Claims (6)

A granular material spraying device for flowing down the granular material stored in the reservoir and spraying it on the ground;
An impact detection sensor having a sensor surface that collides with the granular material flowing down in the flow path of the granular material;
A sprinkling amount evaluation unit that calculates a sprinkling amount of granular material per unit area based on a detection signal of the impact detection sensor,
A spray amount determination unit that determines whether or not the spray amount evaluated by the spray amount evaluation unit is out of a preset allowable range;
A behavior information generating unit that generates behavior information indicating a driving state of the vehicle or the powder particle dispersion device or both,
A flow state evaluation unit that evaluates a flow state of the granular material in the flow path based on a detection signal of the impact detection sensor; and
A notification unit;
With
The determination by the application amount determination unit is stopped based on the behavior information ,
The flow state evaluation unit determines clogging in the flow down path of the granular material based on the behavior information and the flow state,
The notification unit turns on an alarm lamp corresponding to the flow down path where the spraying failure is detected as a spraying failure notification when a spraying failure occurs in which the amount of the granular material sprayed as an evaluation result is out of an allowable range. A powder spray vehicle that turns on an alarm lamp corresponding to a flow path where the powder clogging is detected as a plug notification that can be distinguished from the spray failure notification when the powder clog occurs . The spray amount evaluation unit calculates the amount of flow of the granular material based on the collision amount calculated based on the detection signal of the impact detection sensor and the attribute information of the granular material,
The granular material dispersion | distribution vehicle of Claim 1 which calculates the granular material distribution amount per unit area of the said granular material based on the said flow amount, the number of the flow paths of the said granular material, and a travel distance. .   The granular material dispersion vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the attribute information of the granular material includes the type, average size, and average weight of the granular material.   The said sensor surface is a granular material dispersion | distribution vehicle as described in any one of Claim 1 to 3 comprised from the several sensor area screen arranged in the direction which traverses the flow path of the said granular material. The granular material dispersion | distribution vehicle as described in any one of Claim 1 to 4 with which the said granular material dispersion | spreading apparatus is a seeding apparatus which disperses seed potatoes with respect to a farm field, a fertilizer application apparatus which disperses granular fertilizer, or both.   A granular material spraying device for flowing down the granular material stored in the reservoir and spraying it on the ground;
  An impact detection sensor having a sensor surface that collides with the granular material flowing down in the flow path of the granular material;
  A first signal preprocessing unit that processes a detection signal of the impact detection sensor and outputs a detection signal for dispersion amount evaluation;
  A second signal pre-processing unit that outputs a flow state detection detection signal by processing a detection signal of the impact detection sensor by a method different from the first signal pre-processing unit;
  A sprinkling amount evaluation unit that calculates a sprinkling amount of powder particles per unit area based on the detection signal for sprinkling amount evaluation,
  A spray amount determination unit that determines whether or not the spray amount evaluated by the spray amount evaluation unit is out of a preset allowable range;
  A behavior information generating unit that generates behavior information indicating a driving state of the vehicle or the powder particle dispersion device or both,
  A flow state evaluation unit that evaluates a flow state in the flow path of the granular material based on the detection signal for flow state detection;
With
  Determination by the application amount determination unit is stopped based on the behavior information,
A powder dispersion vehicle.

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