JP6084664B2 - Escalator steps and escalators - Google Patents

Description

  Embodiments described herein relate generally to an escalator step and an escalator.

  In escalators, accidents due to falling frequently occur, and if the head collides with a corner where the tread surface of the step and the kick surface intersect, there is a possibility of serious injury. For this reason, there is a need for a safe escalator that absorbs the energy of the collision and prevents serious injury even if it falls and the head collides with the corner. However, even if it prevents the serious injury caused by the fall, the structure should not promote the fall of passengers under normal use conditions.

  As a means for preventing serious injury when a body collides with a corner, an escalator step in which a cleat strip made of a soft polymer is attached to a tread portion corresponding to the corner has been proposed (Patent Document 1). . That is, in Patent Document 1, by attaching a cleat band made of a soft polymer to the step plate portion corresponding to the corner of the escalator step, even if the passenger falls on the step and hits the body at the corner of the step, It is disclosed that the degree of injury can be reduced because the cleat band is made of a soft polymer.

  However, the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 has a specific description as to what kind of material and hardness of the cleat belt can be used to prevent injury when the passenger falls. Absent. Therefore, in the steps of the escalator described in Patent Document 1, it is difficult to reliably prevent injury when the passenger falls, particularly serious injury of the head.

  As mentioned above, the challenge required for escalator steps is that even if the passenger falls and the most important head of the human body collides with the corner of the step, it absorbs the energy of the collision and causes injury. It must not have a flexible structure or material hardness that can prevent serious injury and promote passenger overturning under normal use conditions. That is, when the passenger stands on the cleat or walks on the cleat, the material hardness is required so that the cleat does not buckle due to the load.

  By the way, normally, on the upper surface of the step, a plurality of narrow-shaped ridges are formed to prevent slipping, and the above-mentioned cleat also has a narrow-shaped ridge in a shape that is continuous with these ridges. Multiple strips are formed. When the narrow ridge formed on this cleat is subjected to lateral force by being struck by the heel of a passenger's high heel or the tip of an umbrella, some of the multiple ridges are Deform.

  When a part of the plurality of ridges is deformed, a part called a comb provided in the getting on / off portion of the escalator may be damaged. That is, a comb-shaped comb that is inserted between a plurality of ridges formed on the step is provided in a portion where the step enters the floor under the floor of the escalator. The comb teeth of this comb are inserted between the hills of the step as the step moves, and are also inserted between the ridges of the cleats that continue to the hills of the step. Remove foreign material. At this time, if a part of the peak portion of the cleat is deformed in the lateral direction, the comb-shaped tooth portion of the comb may be caught by the deformed portion, and the comb-shaped portion may be damaged.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-77582

  Thus, it is necessary to be able to reliably prevent the occurrence of injury due to the passenger falling, and when the cleat portion provided for injury prevention is deformed, other parts may be damaged.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, by selecting the material of the shock absorbing cleat provided at the corner of the escalator step and the material characteristics thereof, even if the passenger falls and the head collides with the corner of the step, the injury may occur. An object of the present invention is to provide an escalator step and an escalator that can prevent serious deterioration and prevent partial deformation of the escalator and prevent damage to other components.

Escalator use step and an escalator according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a main body portion of the tread of a metal material parallel plural rows of pile are arranged in the width direction, it is coupled to one end of the body portion of the tread surface, plural conditions The raised portions are arranged in the width direction, and a raised portion in which a recessed portion is formed between the adjacent raised portions, and a notch portion formed in a corner portion where the raised portion and the main body portion of the tread are coupled to each other. A shock absorbing cleat formed of a polymer material having a Young's modulus in a range of 1000 MPa or less, and having a plurality of ridges arranged in parallel so that one end thereof coincides with the ridge of the main body. provided, of Yamanoha portion of the main body portion, the convex portion mating surface between the crest of the shock absorbing cleat is formed, the recess on the mating surface of the mountain portion of cleat and the impact absorber to be fitted with the protrusion Are formed, and these protrusions and recesses The case, ridges of cleat the shock absorption when subjected to lateral force, and a structure capable of maintaining a consistent state of the Yamanoha portion and the impact ridges of absorbing cleats of said main body portion.

  According to the present invention, even if the passenger falls and the head collides with the corner of the step, the serious injury can be surely prevented, and even if a partial lateral force is applied, the deformation can occur. Can be reliably prevented, and damage to other components can be prevented.

It is the side view which showed the step for escalators. It is a partially notched perspective view which partially shows the corner | angular part vicinity of the step for escalators. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the corner | angular part of the step for escalators, and the shock absorbing cleat provided there. It is a rear front view of a shock absorbing cleat. It is a XX arrow line view of FIG. It is a YY arrow line view of FIG. It is a figure which shows the whole structure of an escalator. It is a figure which shows the relationship between a comb and a tread board. It is the perspective view which looked at the cleat for shock absorption from the top. It is explanatory drawing explaining the injury risk curve. It is the schematic diagram which showed the calculation model of HIC. It is a side view explaining the situation where the passenger of an escalator falls. It is a side view of an analysis model. It is the schematic diagram explaining the load condition of the load to an analysis model. It is the schematic diagram explaining the load condition of the load to an analysis model. It is explanatory drawing which showed the result of having calculated the motion of the head after a collision. It is explanatory drawing which plotted the calculation result on the injury risk curve. It is explanatory drawing which showed the relationship between the Young's modulus at the time of changing the Young's modulus of material, and HIC. It is explanatory drawing which showed the relationship between the Young's modulus at the time of changing the Young's modulus of material, and the probability of injury. It is explanatory drawing which added the result at the time of changing the spring constant of a skull in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which added the result at the time of changing the spring constant of a skull in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which showed the relationship between the Young's modulus and HIC at the time of changing the Young's modulus of material, and the spring constant of a skull. It is explanatory drawing which showed the relationship between the Young's modulus and the probability of injury when changing the Young's modulus of the material and the spring constant of the skull. It is explanatory drawing which put together FIG. 21 and FIG.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a side view of an escalator step (hereinafter simply referred to as a step) 1 in this embodiment. The step 1 has a tread 2 at the top, and passengers ride on it to rise or descend in a staircase pattern. When the step 1 in FIG. 1 moves up, the traveling direction (right side in FIG. 1) is defined as the front side, and the opposite direction (left side in FIG. 1) is defined as the rear side (hereinafter described based on this definition). A kick top 3 is provided at the rear end of the step 1, and the upper portion intersects with the rear end of the tread 2 to form a corner (A portion in the figure).

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a corner portion (A portion in FIG. 1) partially taken out and showing the direction of the skirt guard 4 from the vicinity of the center of the step 1. A kick top 3 is coupled to the rear end of the main body 6 of the tread surface 2. A notch 7 is provided above the rear end of the main body 6. A plurality of peaks 8 of the main body 6 are provided at equal intervals on the upper surface of the main body 6.

  FIG. 3 shows the main body 6 in FIG. 2, the shock absorbing cleat 5 attached to the corner thereof, and the main body 6 in a separated state. 4 is a view of the shock absorbing cleat 5 shown in FIG. 3 as seen from the rear end surface side. Further, FIG. 5 is a view taken along the line XX of FIG. 4, and FIG. FIG.

  In these drawings, a plurality of crests 9 and troughs 10 are alternately provided at equal intervals on the upper part 3 by bending a plate. In addition, metal materials, such as aluminum and stainless steel, are used for the main-body part 6 and the kick part 3 of the tread.

  The shock absorbing cleat 5 includes a short mountain 11 whose rear end surface is flush with the valley 10 of the upper portion 3, and a long mountain 12 protruding until its rear end surface is flush with the mountain 9 of the upper portion. Are alternately provided at equal intervals. The front end surface of the mountain portion (hereinafter also referred to as the mountain portions 11 and 12) composed of the short mountain 11 and the long mountain 12 coincides with the rear end surface of the mountain 8 of the main body 6 of the tread 2, and is a continuous linear shape. A narrow protrusion is formed. A base portion 13 is provided below the short mountain 11 and the long mountain 12. The base portion 13 at the lower part of the long mountain 12 is provided with a projection 15 that closes the hole 14 of the mountain 9 of the upper part 3.

  2 and 3, only one shock absorbing cleat 5 is shown, but in reality, a plurality of the same ones are attached in the width direction of the step 1.

  For the shock absorbing cleat 5 having such a structure, urethane rubber having a lower rigidity than metals such as aluminum and stainless steel and resins used for demarcation is used. Moreover, the manufacture can be manufactured by the injection molding method using a well-known metal mold | die.

  Here, the portions where the rear end portions of the plurality of peaks 8 provided at equal intervals on the upper surface of the main body portion 6 and the front end portions of the shock absorbing cleat peaks 11, 12 coincide with each other. , 12 have a structure that can maintain a matching state when receiving lateral force individually. Specifically, a projecting portion is formed on one matching surface and a recess is formed on the other surface, and the projecting portion and the recess are fitted to each other. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, a convex portion 8 a is formed on the matching surface of the peak 8 of the main body portion 6. Concave portions 11 a and 12 a are formed on the mating surfaces of the peaks 11 and 12 of the shock absorbing cleat 5. Then, when the shock absorbing cleat 5 is attached to the notch portion 7 of the main body portion 6, the convex portions 8a and the concave portions 11a and 12a provided on the mating surfaces are fitted to each other.

  Further, the surface where the end portion of the crest 8 of the main body 6 and the crest portions 11 and 12 of the shock absorbing cleat 5 coincide is inclined. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the inclining direction is such that the matching surface on the shock absorbing cleat 5 side is inclined at an angle that forms an acute angle with the upper surface of the peak portion 11 or 12. Although not shown, the rear end surface of the crest 8 that is a mating surface on the main body 6 side is also inclined in the same direction so that the end portion of the crest 8 of the main body portion 6 and the crest portions 11 and 12 of the shock absorbing cleat 5 match each other. It is configured to do. The reason why the mating surface is inclined is to facilitate mounting and removal of the shock absorbing cleat 5 on the main body 6.

  As shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of steps 1 having such a configuration are connected in an endless manner, and are configured as an escalator 21 by running in a step shape.

  In FIG. 7, the escalator 21 has a truss structure 22 disposed between the upper floor and the lower floor, and a pair of the escalators 21 disposed in the vicinity of each of the upper floor and the lower floor. Step chain gears 23 and 24 are provided. An endless step chain (not shown) is spanned between the pair of step chain gears 23 and 24, and a plurality of the aforementioned steps 1 are supported in a chain on the step chain. That is, a plurality of steps 1 are connected endlessly.

  A pair of balustrades 27 are erected on the left and right positions of the upper surface of the truss structure body 22, and a pair of moving handrails 28 whose outer circumference is a movement locus are mounted on the pair of balustrades 27. One step chain gear 23 is connected to a drive motor 30 via a drive belt 29, and an electromagnetic brake 31 for applying a braking force is provided to the drive motor 30.

  When the drive motor 30 is driven, each step 1 moves on a predetermined infinite trajectory that reverses at the positions of the upper floor getting on / off portion and the lower floor getting on / off portion by the movement of the step chain.

  The moving handrail 28 is connected to the step chain gear 23 by connecting means (not shown), and moves in conjunction with the movement of the step 1.

  In the truss structure body 22, floors 34 for the getting-on / off portions are formed on the upper floor and the lower floor, respectively. A comb (comb-shaped part) 35 is provided below one end of the floor 34 of the boarding / alighting portion. That is, the comb 35 is provided in the width direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the step 1 at a portion where the step 1 enters the floor of the getting-on / off portion when the escalator 21 is operated.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the comb 35 includes a plurality of comb-tooth portions arranged side by side in the width direction so as to be inserted between the plurality of peaks 8 formed on the upper surface of the step 1. 35a. The comb tooth portion 35a of the comb 35 is inserted between the peaks 8 of the step 1 after the step 1 is moved, and is also inserted between the peaks 11 and 12 of the cleat 5 continuous with the peak 8. The foreign matter G such as pebbles clogged between the mountains 8 and the mountain parts 11 and 12 is removed, and the foreign matter G is prevented from entering the machine room for driving the escalator formed below the floor 34. Yes.

  Next, as an example, when the shock absorbing cleat 5 is formed of urethane rubber having a Young's modulus of 200 MPa, the safety when the passenger falls is performed using the HIC standard that represents the degree of head injury. This will be described based on the simulation results.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the structure of the shock absorbing cleat 5 used in this simulation, and Table 1 is a table showing the size range of each part of the shock absorbing cleat 5 shown in FIG.

[1] Criteria for evaluating head injury (HIC) First, the evaluation criteria for injuries and injuries when a passenger falls and the head collides with the corner (step A in FIG. 1) of step 1 The probability will be described.

As a reference for evaluating head injury, a head injury reference value (Head Incriteria, hereinafter referred to as HIC) is known. HIC is calculated by the equation (1), where α (t) is the collision acceleration acting on the head.

  Here, t1 and t2 are arbitrary times during the collision, and g is the gravitational acceleration.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing an indefinite risk curve. In FIG. 10, curve 1101 is a curve showing the probability of minor head injury, curve 1102 is a curve showing the probability of moderate head injury, and curve 1103 is a curve showing the probability of no injury, A curve 1104 is a curve showing the probability of fatal head injury, and a curve 1105 is a curve showing the probability of death.

  If the HIC is known, the probability of injury can be estimated from the indigenous risk curve shown in FIG. The Injury risk curve has the HIC value on the horizontal axis and the probability of head injury or death on the vertical axis. If the HIC value is known, the probability according to the degree of head injury can be estimated. . Here, “mild head injury” indicated by a curve 1101 in FIG. 10 is used. Looking at this curve 1101, it can be seen that when the HIC is 1000 or more, the head is injured with an establishment of almost 100%, and when the HIC is 1000 or less, the probability of injury decreases rapidly.

[2] HIC calculation method and calculation model (calculation by Newmark β method)
Next, a calculation method of the HIC and a calculation model by the Newmark β method when the passenger falls and the head collides with the corner portion (A portion in FIG. 1) of the step 1 will be described. Here, the Newmark β method is an analysis method by numerical calculation of a vibration equation called a so-called average acceleration method.

FIG. 11 shows a calculation model. The spring constant of the shock absorbing cleat 5 arranged at the corner of the step 1 is k2, and the head of mass m falls and collides with k2. k1 represents the spring constant of the skull. It is assumed that the head (mass m) collides at a velocity v, and after the collision, as shown in the right side of FIG. 11, m moves with k1 and k2 integrated.

  The speed v at the time of collision was assumed as follows.

As shown in FIG. 12, in a state where a person of height L stands upright, it falls to the upper floor side of the escalator ESC as shown by the arc in the figure, and collides with the corner (A part) of the step 1. Since the inclination angle of the escalator ESC is 30 degrees, the human head collides at an angle of 60 degrees with respect to the horizontal. The vertical drop distance at that time is half the height (L / 2). If the velocity at the time of collision is v, the potential energy corresponding to the fall distance in the vertical direction is converted into kinetic energy, and the equation (5) is established. Finally, the velocity v at the time of collision is obtained by the equation (6).

Assuming that L is 1.72 m in average Japanese height and the gravitational acceleration g is 9.8 m / sec ² , v = 4.11 m / sec.

  The influence of the body part at the time of collision was negligible because the bending rigidity of the neck was very small. Strictly speaking, the kinetic energy of the head at the time of collision is the sum of the translational motion and the rotational motion, but was ignored because the kinetic energy of the rotational motion was small.

  If the mass m of the head, the spring constant k2 of the shock absorbing cleat 5 and the spring constant k1 of the skull are known, the HIC can be calculated by the method described above.

[3] Analysis method and result of spring constant of shock absorbing cleat (calculation by FEM)
As shown in FIG. 13, the analysis model was created by tilting 60 ° with respect to the vertical axis (Z axis in the figure). The action direction of the load when the human head collides with the horizontal of the step 1 at an angle of 60 degrees corresponds to the Z-axis direction in the analysis model.

  The analysis model was created using three-dimensional tetrahedral elements. The displacement of the nodes on the bottom surfaces of the base portion 13 and the protrusion portion 15 was restrained. The Young's modulus of the material was 200 MPa.

  When the head collides with the shock absorbing cleat 5, the head may hit one long mountain 12 or the two long mountains 12. For this reason, in the former case, as shown in FIG. 14, a load of 100 N was applied in the Z direction of the analysis model. In the latter case, as shown in FIG. 15, the load in the Z direction (F1 in FIG. 15) of each of the two long mountains 12 was set to 50N. However, the radius of the head was 82.5 mm, a load of F2 was applied in a direction perpendicular to F1, and the combined vector of F1 and F2 was made to coincide with the normal direction of the head. The value of F2 is determined by the radius of the head (82.5 mm) and the value of L, and is set to 4.26N or 4.87N by applying L in Table 1.

  Analysis was performed under the above conditions, and the displacement in the Z direction when a load was applied was obtained.

  When the Young's modulus of the material is constant (200 MPa in this case), the shock absorbing cleat 5 has the largest spring constant when the head hits the two long mountains 12 and the spring constant is 683.1 N / mm, the smallest is when the head hits one long mountain 12, and the spring constant is 147.2 N / mm.

[4] HIC calculation conditions and calculation results (4-1) When the spring constant of the shock absorbing cleat is the smallest (when Young's modulus is constant)
The spring constant of the shock absorbing cleat 5 is determined by its dimensions and the Young's modulus of the material used.

  First, when the Young's modulus of the material is constant (200 MPa), the HIC is calculated when the spring constant of the shock absorbing cleat 5 is the smallest (k2 = 147.2 N / mm).

  For m, the average mass (4.5 kg) of the adult head was used.

  For the spring constant (k1) of the skull, the skull was assumed to be a rigid body for the time being k1 = ∞. That is, the combined spring constant K shown in FIG. 11 is equal to k2.

  In the calculation model of FIG. 11, the motion of the head (m) after the collision is analyzed with m = 4.5 kg, k1 = ∞, and k2 = 147.2 N / mm. FIG. 16 shows an example calculated using the Newmark β method shown in equations (2) to (4).

The acceleration acting on the head (mass m) shown in FIG. 16 was obtained until the acceleration after the collision became zero again. FIG. 16 also shows the result of obtaining the HIC represented by the equation (1) from the obtained acceleration. The HIC values shown in FIG. 16 are obtained when the integration start time (t _{1 in} equation (1)) is set to time 0 and the integration end time (t _{2 in} equation (1)) is sequentially increased from time 0. belongs to. In this example, it can be seen that the HIC is maximized after the acceleration is maximized.

  FIG. 17 shows a plot of the obtained HIC values plotted on the Injury risk curve shown in FIG. In addition, the curve of “Minor head injury” (the curve indicated by A in FIG. 10) is used as the Injury risk curve. In this example, the probability of injury is 46.0%.

  The above calculation is performed when the Young's modulus of the material is 200 MPa.

  Consider a case where the Young's modulus of a material is changed from 50 to 70000 MPa. The spring constant of the shock absorbing cleat 5 was considered to be proportional to the Young's modulus of the material. For example, in the case of polycarbonate (Young's modulus 2300 MPa) used for conventional demarcation, when the spring constant k2 of the shock absorbing cleat 5 is represented by k2p, k2p is obtained by the following equation.

k2p = 147.2 × (2300/200) = 1669 N / mm (7)
The Young's modulus of the material is changed from 50 to 70000 MPa, the spring constant (k2) of the shock absorbing cleat 5 is obtained, and the head (m) after the collision is calculated by the Newmark β method shown in the equations (2) to (4). The movement was calculated. However, at this stage, k1 = ∞.

  From the calculated acceleration of the head (mass m), the HIC represented by equation (1) is obtained. When the HIC is obtained, the probability of injury can be estimated from the indigenous risk curve shown in FIG.

  The HIC and injury probability obtained in this way are shown in FIGS. FIG. 18 shows the HIC obtained by taking the Young's modulus of the material on the horizontal axis. FIG. 19 shows the probability of injury by taking the Young's modulus of the material on the horizontal axis.

  18 and 19, C1 and C2 are cases where the Young's modulus of the material is 200 MPa, and D1 and D2 are cases where the Young's modulus of the material is 2300 MPa (polycarbonate).

  The above is a case where the spring constant of the skull is a rigid body (k1 = ∞). There is a literature in which the spring constant (k1) of the skull is about 1000 N / mm, but it is not always clear. For this reason, in addition to the case where k1 is ∞ (assuming the skull is a rigid body), the same calculation was performed for k1 = 3000 N / mm and k1 = 1000 N / mm.

  The calculated results are shown in FIGS. FIGS. 20 and 21 are obtained by adding the cases of k1 = 3000 N / mm and k1 = 1000 N / mm to the calculation results shown in FIGS. 18 and 19. FIG. 20 shows the HIC obtained by taking the Young's modulus of the material on the horizontal axis. FIG. 21 shows the probability of injury by taking the Young's modulus of the material on the horizontal axis.

  As can be seen from FIG. 20, when the Young's modulus of the material is large, the value of HIC also varies greatly depending on the spring constant (k1) of the skull. On the other hand, when the Young's modulus of the material is small, the HIC value does not change much even if the spring constant (k1) of the skull is changed. Note that when the Young's modulus of the material is large, the spring constant (k2) of the shock absorbing cleat 5 is proportional to the Young's modulus, and thus becomes larger than the spring constant (k1) of the skull. When the Young's modulus of the material is small, the spring constant (k2) of the shock absorbing cleat 5 is equal to or smaller than the spring constant (k1) of the skull.

  As can be seen from FIG. 21, when the Young's modulus of the material is large, the HIC value exceeds 1000 and the probability of injury is 100%. When the Young's modulus of the material is small (the region where the Young's modulus is 1000 MPa or less), the HIC value is less than 1000 as shown in FIG. 20, so the probability of injury decreases sharply as the Young's modulus of the material decreases. I will do it.

(4-2) When the spring constant of the shock absorbing cleat is the largest (when Young's modulus is constant)
When the Young's modulus of the material is constant and the spring constant of the shock absorbing cleat 5 is the largest (k2 = 683.1 N / mm), calculate the probability of HIC and injury as in (4-1). .

  The spring constant (k2) of the shock absorbing cleat 5 when the Young's modulus of the material was 200 MPa was 683.1 N / mm, and the spring constant (k2) was considered to be proportional to the Young's modulus of the material. In addition to the case where the spring constant (k1) of the skull is ∞ (assuming the skull is a rigid body), the case where k1 = 3000 N / mm and the case where k1 = 1000 N / mm are also calculated.

  The results of changing the Young's modulus of the material from 50 to 70000 MPa are shown in FIGS. FIG. 22 shows the HIC obtained by taking the Young's modulus of the material on the horizontal axis. FIG. 23 shows the probability of injury by taking the Young's modulus of the material on the horizontal axis.

  22 and 23, C5 and C6 are cases where the Young's modulus of the material is 200 MPa, and D5 and D6 are cases where the Young's modulus of the material is 2300 MPa (polycarbonate).

  22 and 23, it can be seen that when the Young's modulus of the material is large, the value of HIC varies greatly depending on the spring constant (k1) of the skull, and the probability of injury is 100%. If the Young's modulus of the material is small, the HIC value does not change much even if the spring constant (k1) of the skull is changed, and the probability of injury decreases rapidly as the Young's modulus of the material decreases. .

(4-3) Young's modulus of shock absorbing cleat material and injury probability FIG. 24 is a plot of FIG. 21 and FIG. 23 plotted on the same graph.

  In FIG. 24, C7 is the case where the Young's modulus of the material is 200 MPa, and D7 is the case where the Young's modulus of the material is 2300 MPa (polycarbonate).

  When the Young's modulus of the material is 200 MPa, if the size of each part of the shock absorbing cleat 5 is within the range shown in Table 1, the probability of injury is the upper limit (shown by C7U) of the part shown in C7 of FIG. ) And a lower limit (indicated by C7L).

  On the other hand, when the Young's modulus of the material is 2300 MPa (polycarbonate) (indicated by D7), the probability of injury is 100 regardless of the value of each part of the shock absorbing cleat 5 within the range shown in Table 1. %.

  The above description is for the case where the Young's modulus of the material used for the shock absorbing cleat 5 is 200 MPa. From FIG. 24, if the Young's modulus of the material used for the shock absorbing cleat 5 is 1000 MPa or less, the impact absorbing material is used. It can be seen that by appropriately determining the dimensions of the cleat 5 for use within the range shown in Table 1, the probability of serious injury can be significantly reduced as compared with the case where it collides with a corner of a conventional step made of metal or resin. . That is, when the Young's modulus of the material used for the shock absorbing cleat 5 is decreased from 70000 MPa, even if the Young's modulus of the material is about 2300 MPa (polycarbonate), the probability of injury does not change at all, but further decreases. When the pressure is 1000 MPa or less, the probability of injury decreases rapidly depending on the size of the shock absorbing cleat 5.

  On the other hand, as described above, the material hardness required for the shock absorbing cleat 5 in the normal use state of the escalator must not be a flexible structure or material hardness that promotes the fall of the passenger. That is, when the passenger stands on the cleat or walks on the cleat, the material hardness is required so that the cleat does not buckle due to the load. From this point of view, there is a practically necessary lower limit for the Young's modulus of the material used for the shock absorbing cleat 5. The lower limit is appropriately selected within the structure and dimensional range shown in FIG. 9 and Table 1 described above, and is, for example, 20 MPa or more, desirably 50 MPa or more, and more desirably 100 MPa or more.

  Therefore, the probability of serious injury even if the passenger falls and the head collides with the corner of the step by using a polymer material with a Young's modulus of 1000 MPa or less as the shock absorbing cleat 5 By using a polymer material having a small Young's modulus of 20 MPa or more, it is possible to provide a safe escalator in which cleats are not buckled by a passenger load even during normal use.

  Thus, the shock absorbing cleat 5 is obtained based on the head acceleration calculated from the spring constant of the shock absorbing cleat 5 proportional to the Young's modulus of the shock absorbing cleat 5 when the head collides. What is necessary is just to form with the polymeric material which has the value (1000 Mpa or less) of the Young's modulus of the shock-absorbing cleat 5 in which the head injury reference value to be obtained is a value less than 100% of the probability of injury.

  In the above description, urethane rubber is used for the shock absorbing cleat 5, but the material of the shock absorbing cleat 5 is not limited to urethane rubber, and may be an elastomer such as natural rubber, synthetic rubber, silicone rubber, or fluoro rubber. Also good. In addition, nylon or Teflon (registered trademark) or other resin materials having low rigidity can be used. That is, as the material of the shock absorbing cleat 5, a polymer material formed of at least one material selected from resin or elastomer can be used.

  Further, the shock absorbing cleat 5 can also serve as demarcation, that is, a boundary line of the stepped portion.

  Here, when the narrow ridges 11 and 12 formed on the shock absorbing cleat 5 are subjected to lateral force by being struck by the heel of a passenger's high heel or the tip of an umbrella, the shock absorbing cleat 5 is made of a polymer material whose Young's modulus of the material is 1000 MPa or less as described above, and therefore, a part of the plurality of peak portions 11 and 12 tends to be deformed in the lateral direction.

  Even if a part of the plurality of mountain portions 11 and 12 is deformed, the passenger does not fall down, but the comb 35 provided at the boarding / exiting portion of the escalator 21 may be damaged. As described above, the comb 35 is provided at a portion of the getting-on / off portion of the escalator 21 where the step 1 enters under the floor of the getting-on / off portion, and the comb-tooth portion 35a is formed of a plurality of ridges 8 formed on the step 1. Further, it is inserted between the peak portions 11 and 12 of the shock absorbing cleat as the step 1 moves, and foreign matters such as pebbles clogged between these are removed. At this time, if some of the cleat peaks 11 and 12 are deformed in the lateral direction, the comb teeth 35a of the comb 35 are caught by the deformed portions of the peaks 11 and 12, and the comb teeth 35a are damaged. .

  In this embodiment, a portion where the rear end portion of the peak 8 of the main body 6 and the front end portion of the shock absorbing cleat peak 11, 12 coincide with each other in the horizontal direction. Even if a force is applied, the structure is maintained so that the matching state can be maintained. Therefore, the peak portions 11 and 12 of the shock absorbing cleat are not partially deformed, and the comb 35 can be prevented from being damaged. That is, a convex portion is formed on one surface that matches, and a concave portion is formed on the other surface, and the convex portion and the concave portion are fitted to each other. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, convex portions 8a are formed on the mating surfaces of the peaks 8 of the main body 6, and hole-shaped concave portions 11a and 12a are formed on the mating surfaces of the peaks 11 and 12 of the shock absorbing cleat 5. Form. And the convex part 8a and recessed part 11a, 12a provided in these matching surfaces are mutually fitted.

  Due to this fitting relationship, even if it is struck by the heel of a passenger's high heel or the tip of an umbrella and receives a lateral force, it is supported by the mountain 8 of the highly rigid main body 6 made of metal, etc. A part of 11 and 12 is not deformed.

  Further, the surface where the end portion of the crest 8 of the main body portion 6 and the crest portions 11 and 12 of the shock absorbing cleat 5 are matched, and the rear end surface of the crest 8 which is the matching surface on the main body 6 side is also inclined. It is possible to easily attach and remove the shock absorbing cleat 5 to the main body 6.

  In addition, although the hole-shaped recessed part was illustrated as the recessed part 11a, 12a formed in the matching surface of the peak parts 11 and 12, it is not restricted to this, and it may be a groove-shaped recessed part continuous on the upper and lower sides of the matching surface of the peak parts 11 and 12 Good. In this case, the convex portion 8a fitted into the groove-shaped concave portion may be formed into a strip-like shape fitted over the entire length of the groove-shaped concave portion described above.

  In the above description, the convex portion 8a is formed at the end portion of the peak 8 of the main body 6 and the concave portions 11a and 12a are formed at the end portions of the peak portions 11 and 12 of the shock absorbing cleat 5 with respect to this. The concavo-convex relationship may be reversed. That is, you may form a recessed part in the edge part of the peak 8 of the main-body part 6, and a convex part in the edge part of the peak parts 11 and 12 of the cleat 5 for shock absorption.

  However, the protrusion 8a is formed on the mountain 8 side of the highly rigid main body 6 and the recesses 11a and 12a are formed on the mountain 11 and 12 side of the relatively soft shock absorbing cleat 5 to maintain the fitted state. However, it is preferable for preventing deformation of the peaks 11 and 12.

  The present invention has been described using the embodiments. However, these embodiments are presented as examples, and the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. These embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are also included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Step 2 ... Tread surface 3 ... Kick upper part 4 ... Skirt guard 5 ... Shock absorption cleat 6 ... Main part 7 ... Notch part 8 ... Main part mountain 8a ... Convex part 9 ... Knee upper mountain 10 ... Kick upper part Valley 11, 12 ... Mountain 11a, 12a ... Recess 35 ... Com 35a ... Comb tooth

Claims (3)

A body part of a tread made of a metal material in which a plurality of parallel ridges are arranged in the width direction;
Is coupled to one end of the body portion of the tread surface, the convex portion of the plural rows are arranged in the width direction, and a riser portion having a recess formed between the convex portions adjacent,
A plurality of crests provided in a notch formed at a corner where the kick-up portion and the main body of the tread are joined, and arranged in parallel so that one end thereof matches the end of the crest of the main body. Having a shock absorbing cleat formed of a polymer material having a Young's modulus of 1000 MPa or less,
Of Yamanoha portion of the main body portion, the convex portion mating surface between the crest of the shock absorbing cleat is formed a recess for mating with the convex portion is formed on the mating surface of the mountain portion of cleat and the impact absorber When the ridges of the shock absorbing cleat are subjected to a lateral force due to the fitting between the convex portions and the concave portions, the end portions of the ridges of the main body portion and the ridge portions of the shock absorbing cleats are in agreement. Escalator step with a structure that can maintain The surface where the end portion of the peak of the main body portion and the peak portion of the shock absorbing cleat coincide with each other is inclined at an acute angle with respect to the upper surface of the peak portion of the shock absorbing cleat. Item 2. An escalator step according to item 1 . An escalator characterized in that a plurality of the escalator steps according to claim 1 or 2 are connected endlessly and run in a staircase shape.

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