JP6077915B2 - Thin hole electric discharge machining device and electrode holder device for fine electrode - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fine hole electric discharge machining apparatus and a fine electrode electrode holder apparatus.

  A fine hole electric discharge machine is widely used for processing fine holes in a conductive material. In recent years, the required diameter of the fine holes has become increasingly small. By the way, the sizes of commercially available fine electrodes include, for example, (1) an outer diameter of 0.02 mm to 0.10 mm and a length of 150 mm / 200 mm in the case of a tungsten round bar, and (2) an outer diameter of φ0. There are 05 mm to φ0.10 mm, a length of 150 mm / 200 mm, and the like. In addition, although there is an electrode with a shank, it is very expensive (Non-Patent Document 1).

  However, as described above, it is very difficult to directly attach a fine and long electrode to the electrode holder or chuck of a fine hole electric discharge machine, because the electrode is broken, especially in the case of a pipe electrode. As described in Non-Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 1, a pipe electrode is fitted and inserted into a shank body made of a pipe to form an electrode with a shank, and an electrode holder for holding and fixing the pipe electrode with a shank is provided. The electrode holder is mounted on a machining head of a fine hole electric discharge machine.

  Patent Document 1 described above describes an electrode holder (10) for gripping and fixing an electrode with a shank provided with a shank on a fine pipe electrode. This electrode holder has a collet (12) for gripping and fixing the substantially central portion of the shank (2) of the pipe electrode with a shank, and a seal block (14) made of an elastic body is screwed to the upper part of the collet. The lid (15) to be joined is overlapped, and the lid is screwed to compress the seal block, whereby the collet is activated to grip and fix the shank portion of the pipe electrode.

  The electrode holder (10) is fixed to the pipe electrode. At the same time, among the processing liquid supplied from the processing head (5), the processing liquid flowing outside the pipe electrode compresses the seal block. The machining liquid is provided so that the machining fluid flows into the pipe electrode and is discharged from the tip of the electrode.

[Search March 17, 2013] Internet <URL: http://www.sodick-dac.co.jp/Book/S2006503-J-SupplyCatalogVol2/supplycatalog_vol3.pdf>

JP 2000-94219 A

  When manufacturing an electrode with a shank as described in Patent Document 1, since the outer diameter of the electrode is very small, φ0.02 mm to φ0.10 mm, it is very difficult to insert the electrode into a pipe-shaped shank body. In addition to the time required, there is a problem that the rate at which an electrode breaks during manufacturing and becomes a defective product is high, resulting in an increase in manufacturing cost.

  The electrode holder described in Patent Document 1 is for a pipe electrode in which a machining liquid is circulated in the pipe electrode and discharged from the tip of the electrode. Therefore, for example, a fine hole electric discharge machining apparatus that guides a fine electrode to an electrode guide provided in the vicinity of a machining portion below the electrode holder by a water flow surrounding and enclosing the outside of a fine rod-shaped (solid) electrode or pipe electrode It cannot be applied to.

  In addition, since the electrodes are gripped and fixed by a conventional collet method, there is a problem that there is a limit to the minimum grippable diameter inherent to the collet.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and the object of the present invention is, for example, a rod-shaped member having a diameter of 0.20 mm to φ0.02 mm without a shank that is difficult to grip with a conventional quadrant collet or It is an object to provide an electrode holder device for a fine electrode that can easily fix and hold a pipe-shaped fine electrode directly to the electrode holder device.

  In addition, an electrode holder device for a fine electrode that directly fixes and holds the upper portion of the fine electrode, and electrode guide means for guiding a lower portion of the fine electrode, the fine electrode generated by the electrode holder device for the fine electrode An object of the present invention is to provide a fine hole electric discharge machining apparatus that feeds a work while rotating the microelectrode while simultaneously guiding the fine electrode to the electrode guide means by a water jet surrounding the outside.

  As a means for solving the above-mentioned problem, the thin hole electric discharge machining apparatus according to claim 1 is an electrode holder device for holding an upper part of a rod-like or pipe-like fine electrode, and an electrode guide means for guiding the lower part of the fine electrode; A fine-hole electric discharge machining apparatus that has a jet nozzle for generating a water jet in the electrode holder device, and feeds the fine electrode to the workpiece while simultaneously rotating the fine electrode with the water jet. The electrode holder device is provided with a collet holder provided with the jet nozzle at a lower end portion, and a collet provided with a single-letter-shaped slit gripping portion on the upper portion is provided on the collet holder. A collet presser that can be freely pressed and engaged is provided on the taper portion, and the guide that guides the fine electrode to the slit gripping portion on the collet. Characterized in that the fine electrode inserted into the slit gripping part via the guide pipe is sandwiched, fixed or opened by opening and closing the slit gripping part by the collet presser. It is what.

  The fine hole electric discharge machining apparatus according to claim 2 is the fine hole electric discharge machining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an outer diameter of the fine electrode is in a range of φ0.20 mm to φ0.02 mm, The slit gripping portion is provided in a minimum gap through which the fine electrode in the above range can pass.

  The electrode holder device for a fine electrode according to claim 3, wherein in the electrode holder device for a fine electrode for holding an upper portion of a rod-like or pipe-like fine electrode, a collet holder having a jet nozzle at a lower end is provided, and the collet holder A collet provided with a single-letter-shaped slit gripping portion on the upper portion is provided, and a collet presser that can be freely pressed and engaged is provided on the tapered portion of the upper collet, and the fine electrode is connected to the collet to the slit gripping portion. A guide pipe for guiding is provided, and by opening and closing the slit gripping portion by the collet press, the fine electrode inserted into the slit gripping portion via the guide pipe is provided so as to be clamped fixed or opened freely. It is characterized by this.

  The electrode holder device for a fine electrode according to claim 4 is the electrode holder device for a fine electrode according to claim 3, wherein the outer diameter of the fine electrode is within a range of φ0.20 mm to φ0.02 mm, The slit-shaped gripping portion is provided in a minimum gap through which the fine electrode in the above range can pass.

  According to the present invention, a fine rod-like or pipe-like electrode having an outer diameter of about 0.20 mm to 0.02 mm without a shank can be easily set directly on the electrode holder device by the guide pipe provided on the collet. The setup time for drilling can be greatly reduced.

  Moreover, since it is no longer necessary to use an expensive electrode with a shank, the cost of fine hole processing can be greatly reduced.

The front view of the fine hole electric discharge machining apparatus which concerns on this invention. The right view of the fine hole electric discharge machining apparatus which concerns on this invention. The enlarged view of the Z-axis slide part in FIG. The enlarged view of the AA cross section in FIG. FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion P in FIG. 3, and is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 4. (A) is a top view of the collet 47, (b) is a side view of the collet 47.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  1 and 2 are a front view and a side view of a small hole electric discharge machining apparatus according to the present invention. A work table 5 for fixing the workpiece W is provided on the base 3 of the small hole electric discharge machining apparatus 1, and a machining tank 7 for accommodating the workpiece W is provided on the work table 5. A column 9 (a, b) extending upward from the work table 5 is provided behind the work table 5 (right side in FIG. 2).

  An X-axis carriage 11 that can be moved and positioned in the X direction (left-right direction in FIG. 1) is provided above the column 9 (a, b). A Y-axis carriage 13 that can be moved and positioned in the orthogonal Y direction is provided.

  Referring to FIG. 3, a slide base 17 is engaged with the front end (left end portion in FIG. 2) of the Y-axis carriage 13 so as to be movable up and down. On this slide base 17, a Z-axis slide 19 is engaged with a guide (not shown) so as to be movable up and down.

  A Z-axis feed screw 21 extending in the Z direction is rotatably supported on the slide base 17, and the Z-axis feed screw 21 is rotationally driven at an upper end portion of the Z-axis feed screw 21. A servo motor 23 is provided. A nut 24 attached to the Z-axis slide 19 is screwed into the Z-axis feed 21.

  Therefore, the Z-axis slide 19 can be moved to a desired position in the Z direction by appropriately rotating and driving the Z-axis feed screw 21 by the servo motor 23 under the control of a control device (not shown). .

  A fine electrode electrode holder device 27 including a one-touch coupler 25 is rotatably provided below the Z-axis slide 19 described above. Further, in this electrode holder device 27 for fine electrodes, a hollow rotating shaft 29 extending to the upper part of the Z-axis slide 19 is fixed via a one-touch coupler 25, and the upper end portion of the rotating shaft 29 has a rotation. A pulley 31 such as a timing pulley for driving the shaft is provided.

  The upper end of the hollow rotary shaft 29 is connected to a water supply device (not shown) via a pipe 35 via a rotary joint 33. The pulley 31 is connected to a driving pulley (not shown) provided in an electrode motor 37 for rotating the electrode via a driving belt (not shown).

  Therefore, the water supplied from the water supply device is supplied to the electrode holder device 27 for fine electrodes through the hollow portion of the hollow rotating shaft 29. The electrode holder device 27 for fine electrodes can be driven to rotate by an electrode motor 37 for rotating the electrode.

  Below the fine electrode electrode holder device 27, there is provided a known electrode guide means 41 for guiding the tip of a rod-like or pipe-like fine electrode 39. The electrode guide means 41 is fixed to a support plate 43 provided integrally with the lower end portion of the slide base 17 by a fastening member 45 such as a bolt. As the known electrode guide means 41, for example, the one described in Japanese Patent No. 4099356, which is the invention of the present applicant, may be used.

  4 to 6, the electrode holder device 27 for fine electrodes includes a collet 47 that holds the upper part of a rod-like or pipe-like fine electrode 39 having an outer diameter of φ0.20 mm to φ0.02 mm. The collet 47 is removably inserted into a collet holding hole 51 provided in the collet holder 49.

  A jet nozzle 53 for generating a water jet is provided at the lower end of the collet holder 49. The jet nozzle 53 includes an upper funnel portion 53b and a lower funnel portion 53c that communicate with the injection port 53a and open upward. The opening angle of the upper funnel portion 53b is larger than the opening angle of the lower funnel portion 53c. It is provided. For example, when the opening angle of the upper funnel portion 53b is 60 °, the opening angle of the lower funnel portion 53c is 30 °.

  At the lower part of the collet 47, an engaging portion 55 that engages with the tapered surface of the upper funnel portion 53b of the collet holder 49 is provided. The collet 47 is provided with a single-letter slit 57 extending from the upper end of the collet to the vicinity of the lower part.

  Further, the collet 47 is provided with a blind hole 59 extending from the lower end portion of the collet 47 to the vicinity of the upper end portion thereof coaxially with the axis of the collet 47. A step portion having a slightly larger diameter than the blind hole 59 is provided in the vicinity of the entrance of the blind hole 59, and a guide pipe 61 (described later) is provided on the step portion so as to be fitted.

  The guide pipe 61 has an engaging portion 61a that engages with a step portion at the entrance of the blind hole 59 of the collet 47, and the tip of the engaging portion 61a is provided with a slightly smaller diameter than the blind hole 59. And is extended to the vicinity of the upper end of the blind hole 59. Further, a conical insertion port 65 is provided at the lower end of the guide pipe 61 so that the rod-like or pipe-like fine electrode 39 can be easily inserted.

  In the above configuration, the one-letter slit 57 on the upper side of the collet 47 constitutes a slit gripping portion 63 that can be elastically deformed with the lower portion of the slit as a fulcrum. In addition, even when the slit gripping portion 63 is elastically deformed in a state where the guide pipe 61 is fitted into the blind hole 59 of the collet 47, the upper portion of the collet 47 and the guide pipe 61 do not interfere with each other.

  An upper convex conical tapered portion 67 is provided on the upper portion of the collet 47, and a collet presser 71 having an engaging concave portion 69 that opens downward and engages with the tapered portion 67 includes the collet holder. 49 is provided to be movable up and down. The collet holder 49 and the collet presser 71 are sealed with a seal ring 79.

  That is, the collet holder 49 is provided with a female screw portion 49 a, and a male screw portion 71 a that is screwed into the female screw portion 49 a is provided in the collet presser 71, and a hexagonal hole 73 at the upper end portion of the collet presser 71 is provided. The collet presser 71 can be moved up and down by inserting a hexagon wrench and rotating the collet presser 71.

  With the above configuration, by pressing or releasing the collet 47 with the collet presser 71, the fine electrode 39 sent to the single-letter-shaped slit gripping part 63 via the guide pipe 61 can be clamped and released. it can.

  As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, there are four water channel grooves 75 in total, two on each side of the slit 57 on the outer periphery of the collet 47, A water supply path 77 communicating with the water channel groove 75 is provided.

  According to the thin hole electric discharge machining apparatus or the microelectrode electrode holder apparatus of the present invention as described above, a rod-shaped or pipe-shaped microelectrode 39 having an outer diameter of φ0.20 mm to φ0.02 mm without a shank is directly attached to the electrode holder. Since it can be easily fixed to the apparatus, the setup time for narrow hole processing can be greatly reduced.

  Moreover, since it is not necessary to use an expensive electrode with a shank, the cost of fine hole processing can be significantly reduced.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Thin hole electrical discharge machining apparatus 3 Base 5 Work table 7 Processing tank 9 (a, b) Column 11 X-axis carriage 13 Y-axis carriage 17 Slide base 19 Z-axis slide 21 Z-axis feed screw 23 Servo motor 24 Nut 25 One-touch coupler 27 Electrode holder device for fine electrode 29 Rotating shaft 31 Pulley 33 Rotary joint 35 Pipe line 37 Electrode motor 39 Rod-like or pipe-like fine electrode 41 Electrode guide means 43 Support plate 45 Fastening member 47 Collet 49 Collet holder 49a Female thread part 51 Collet holding Hole 53 Jet nozzle 53a Injection port 53b Upper funnel portion 53c Lower funnel portion 55 Engaging portion 57 Slit 59 Blind hole 61 Guide pipe 61a Locking portion 63 Slit gripping portion 65 Insertion port 67 Taper portion 69 Engaging recess 71 Collet Even 71a male screw portion 73 hexagonal hole 75 waterway groove 77 water supply passage 79 the seal ring

Claims (4)

  An electrode holder device for holding an upper portion of a rod-shaped or pipe-shaped fine electrode; and an electrode guide means for guiding a lower portion of the fine electrode; and a jet nozzle for generating a water jet is provided in the electrode holder device. In the narrow hole electric discharge machining apparatus that feeds the workpiece while rotating the electrode while guiding the electrode to the electrode guide means with the water jet, the electrode holder device is provided with a collet holder having the jet nozzle at the lower end. The collet holder is provided with a collet provided with a single-letter-shaped slit gripping portion on the upper portion thereof, and a collet presser capable of engaging and pressing is provided on the upper tapered portion of the collet, and the fine electrode is attached to the collet. A guide pipe that guides to the slit gripping part is provided, and the slit gripping part is opened by the collet presser. By operating, small hole electric discharge machining apparatus characterized in that a said micro-electrode inserted into the slit grip portion through the guide pipe freely sandwiched and fixed or released.   2. The fine hole electric discharge machining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an outer diameter of the fine electrode is in a range of φ0.20 mm to φ0.02 mm, and the one-letter-shaped slit gripping portion can pass the fine electrode in the range. A fine hole electric discharge machining apparatus provided in a minimum gap.   In an electrode holder device for a fine electrode that holds the upper part of a rod-like or pipe-like fine electrode, a collet holder having a jet nozzle at the lower end is provided, and a collet having a single-letter-shaped slit gripping part on the collet holder is provided. A collet presser that can be engaged and pressed is provided on the upper tapered part of the collet, and a guide pipe that guides the fine electrode to the slit gripping part is provided on the collet. An electrode holder device for a fine electrode, wherein the fine electrode inserted into the slit gripping part via the guide pipe is provided so as to be clamped, fixed or opened by opening and closing the slit gripping part.   4. The electrode holder device for a fine electrode according to claim 3, wherein an outer diameter of the fine electrode is in a range of φ0.20 mm to φ0.02 mm, and the one-letter-shaped slit gripping portion passes through the fine electrode in the range. An electrode holder device for fine electrodes, characterized in that it is provided in the smallest possible gap.

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