JP6077565B2 - Hydrogen station and hydrogen filling method for pressure accumulator in hydrogen station - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a hydrogen station for supplying hydrogen to a hydrogen fuel tank such as an on-vehicle tank of a fuel cell vehicle (FCV), and a method for filling a pressure accumulator in the hydrogen station.

  A general hydrogen station has a compressor that boosts hydrogen and a pressure accumulator that stores hydrogen boosted by the compressor, and uses the differential pressure from the accumulator to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel tank. (See, for example, Patent Document 1). Here, when hydrogen is supplied from the pressure accumulator to the hydrogen fuel tank, the pressure in the pressure accumulator decreases. For this reason, in the hydrogen station, a process for increasing the pressure in the accumulator to a predetermined pressure or higher by filling the pressure accumulator with hydrogen boosted by the compressor (hydrogen filling process for the accumulator) is performed.

JP 2008-202619 A

However, if the accumulator is filled with hydrogen that has been boosted by the compressor without any limitation, the accumulator temperature may increase excessively and the durability of the accumulator may be reduced.
Then, an object of this invention is to provide the hydrogen station which can prevent that an accumulator temperature rises excessively by hydrogen filling to an accumulator.

  According to one aspect of the present invention, a hydrogen station capable of boosting hydrogen from a hydrogen supply source and filling the pressure accumulator, and supplying hydrogen in the pressure accumulator to the hydrogen fuel tank includes: a hydrogen temperature in the accumulator; When the temperature of the pressure accumulator or the outside air temperature around the pressure accumulator is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, the hydrogen filling to the pressure accumulator is more than the case where the temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature. It is configured to perform control so as to suppress the rise.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for filling the pressure accumulator in a hydrogen station capable of boosting hydrogen from a hydrogen supply source and filling the pressure accumulator and supplying the hydrogen in the pressure accumulator to the hydrogen fuel tank is as follows. The hydrogen temperature in the pressure accumulator, the temperature of the pressure accumulator, or the outside air temperature around the pressure accumulator is detected, and when the detected temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, hydrogen filling into the pressure accumulator is performed when the detected temperature is Compared to the case where the temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature, control is performed so as to suppress an increase in hydrogen or a pressure increase in the accumulator.

  According to the hydrogen station and the hydrogen filling method for the pressure accumulator in the station, the pressure accumulation when the hydrogen temperature in the pressure accumulator, the temperature of the pressure accumulator, or the outside air temperature around the pressure accumulator is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature. Since the hydrogen filling in the pressure vessel suppresses an increase in hydrogen or pressure in the pressure accumulator as compared with the case where the temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature, it is prevented that the temperature of the pressure accumulator rises excessively. , A decrease in the durability of the pressure accumulator can be suppressed.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the hydrogen station by 1st Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the hydrogen filling process to the pressure accumulator in the hydrogen station by 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the hydrogen station by the modification of 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the hydrogen station by 2nd Embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the hydrogen filling process to the pressure accumulator in the hydrogen station by 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the hydrogen station by 3rd Embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a hydrogen station according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the hydrogen station 1A includes a compressor 2 as a booster for boosting hydrogen, a pressure accumulating unit 3 capable of storing hydrogen boosted by the compressor 2, a dispenser 4, and a controller 5. Have.

  The compressor 2 pressurizes the hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen storage container 60 as a hydrogen supply source and supplies it to the pressure accumulating unit 3. The hydrogen storage container 60 is mainly filled with hydrogen at another place and transported to the hydrogen station 1, and corresponds to, for example, a hydrogen trailer, a hydrogen curdle, and a hydrogen tank. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the compressor 2 may increase the pressure of the hydrogen produced on-site and supplied via a hydrogen supply pipe or the like and supply it to the pressure accumulating unit 3. The operation of the compressor 2 is controlled by the control device 5.

  The pressure accumulating unit 3 includes a pressure accumulator 31 that stores hydrogen boosted by the compressor 2, a check valve 32 provided between the inlet 3 a of the pressure accumulating unit 3 and the pressure accumulator 31, and a first opening / closing. It has a valve (electromagnetic valve) 33, a second on-off valve (electromagnetic valve) 34 and a check valve 35 provided between the pressure accumulator 31 and the outlet 3 b of the pressure accumulating unit 3. The inlet 3a is connected to the outlet side of the compressor 2 via a connecting pipe, and the outlet 3b is connected to the dispenser 4 via a connecting pipe. The check valve 32 prevents hydrogen from flowing from the pressure accumulator 31 toward the compressor 2. The first on-off valve 33 allows or stops the filling of the pressure accumulator 31 with the hydrogen boosted by the compressor 2 by opening and closing. The second on-off valve 34 allows or stops the release of hydrogen from the pressure accumulator 31 by opening and closing. The check valve 35 prevents hydrogen from flowing from the dispenser 4 toward the pressure accumulator 31. That is, the pressure accumulator 31 has its hydrogen filling port connected to the outlet side of the compressor 2 via the check valve 32 and the first on-off valve 33, and its hydrogen discharge port on the second on-off valve 34 and the check valve 35. It is connected to the dispenser 4 via. The operation of the first on-off valve 33 and the second on-off valve 34 is controlled by the control unit 5. In the present embodiment, it is assumed that the first and second on-off valves 33 and 34 are configured as normally closed valves that are closed when not operated.

  The dispenser 4 is a device that can supply hydrogen stored in the pressure accumulator 31, more specifically, hydrogen released from the pressure accumulator 3, to a hydrogen fuel tank such as an on-vehicle tank of a fuel cell vehicle (FCV). And having a nozzle portion (not shown) attached to the hydrogen fuel tank. Further, information (internal pressure, maximum working pressure, etc.) relating to the hydrogen fuel tank is inputted to the dispenser 4 from the fuel cell vehicle (FCV) or the like.

  The control device 5 includes a pressure in the accumulator (accumulator pressure) Pa detected by a pressure detector such as the pressure sensor 51, and a temperature of the accumulator 31 detected by a temperature detector such as the temperature sensor 52 (accumulator temperature). ) Input various information such as information on Ta and the hydrogen fuel tank, an operation command by an operator, and the like. And the control apparatus 5 controls the compressor 2, the 1st on-off valve 33, and the 2nd on-off valve 34 suitably based on the input various information and the operation command by an operator. For example, when an operator inputs a hydrogen supply command to the hydrogen fuel tank after the nozzle portion of the dispenser 4 is mounted on the hydrogen fuel tank, the control device 5 opens the second on-off valve 34 and opens the second accumulator 31. Hydrogen is released. Then, hydrogen released from the pressure accumulator 31 is supplied to the hydrogen fuel tank via the dispenser 4.

  Here, the hydrogen supply to the hydrogen fuel tank is performed mainly using the differential pressure between the pressure accumulator 31 and the hydrogen fuel tank. The pressure in the pressure accumulator 31 is reduced by supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel tank. Therefore, for example, after supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel tank, the control device 5 fills the pressure accumulator 31 with hydrogen increased in pressure by the compressor 2 so that the pressure in the pressure accumulator 31 becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined pressure. The process (hydrogen filling process to the pressure accumulator 31) is performed.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a hydrogen filling process to the pressure accumulator 31 performed by the control device 5. This hydrogen filling process is repeatedly executed while the hydrogen filling request to the pressure accumulator 31 generated after, for example, supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel tank is maintained.
In FIG. 2, the accumulator temperature Ta is read in step S1. The accumulator temperature Ta is not particularly limited as long as it is a temperature correlated with the temperature of the accumulator 31, but in the present embodiment, the surface temperature of the accumulator 31 (particularly in a state where the accumulator 31 is disposed). The upper surface temperature) is the accumulator temperature Ta.

  In step S2, it is determined whether or not the accumulator temperature Ta is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature Td. If the accumulator temperature Ta is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Td, the process proceeds to step S3. If the accumulator temperature Ta is lower than the predetermined temperature Td, the process proceeds to step S10. The predetermined temperature Td can be arbitrarily set according to the pressure accumulator 31 used in the hydrogen station 1, and can be set to a temperature lower than the allowable upper limit temperature of the pressure accumulator 31 by a predetermined temperature, for example.

  In step S3, it is determined whether or not a hydrogen supply command to the hydrogen fuel tank is input. If the hydrogen supply command to the hydrogen fuel tank has been input, the process proceeds to step S4, and if the hydrogen supply command to the hydrogen fuel tank has not been input, this processing is terminated.

  In step S4, hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen fuel tank. That is, the second on-off valve 34 is opened to release hydrogen from the pressure accumulator 31. Hydrogen discharged from the pressure accumulator 31 is supplied to the hydrogen fuel tank by the dispenser 4.

  In step S5, the pressure accumulator 31 is filled with hydrogen. That is, the compressor 2 is operated and the first on-off valve 33 is opened to fill the accumulator 31 with the hydrogen pressure increased by the compressor 2. At this time, for example, the control device 5 determines the first pressure based on the pressure after the pressure increase of the pressure accumulator 31 (pressure increase target pressure), the pressure in the pressure accumulator 31 (actual pressure), and the pressure in the hydrogen fuel tank. It is preferable to control the opening degree of the on-off valve 33. Specifically, the control device 5 includes the first on-off valve so that the hydrogen filling speed of the pressure accumulator 31 is equal to or less than the hydrogen discharging speed from the pressure accumulator 31 accompanying the hydrogen supply to the hydrogen fuel tank. It is preferable to control the opening degree of 33. However, the present invention is not limited to this.

  In step S6, it is determined whether or not the hydrogen supply to the hydrogen fuel tank is completed. If the hydrogen supply to the hydrogen fuel tank is not completed, the process proceeds to step S7, and if completed, the process proceeds to step S9. For example, the flow of hydrogen from the pressure accumulator 31 toward the hydrogen fuel tank is monitored by a flow rate sensor (not shown), and it is determined that the supply of hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel tank is completed when the flow of hydrogen is almost lost. be able to. Note that when the supply of hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel tank is completed, the second on-off valve 34 is closed.

In step S7, the accumulator internal pressure Pa is read.
In step S8, it is determined whether or not the pressure accumulator internal pressure Pa is equal to or higher than the first threshold value Pd1. If the accumulator internal pressure Pa is equal to or higher than the first threshold Pd1, the process proceeds to step S9. If the accumulator internal pressure Pa is less than the first threshold Pd1, the process returns to step S6. The first threshold value Pd1 can be set, for example, according to the accumulator temperature Ta.
When the opening degree of the first on-off valve 33 is controlled so that the hydrogen filling speed to the pressure accumulator 31 is equal to or lower than the hydrogen release speed from the pressure accumulator 31 accompanying the hydrogen supply to the hydrogen fuel tank. The processes in steps S7 and S8 may be omitted.
In step S9, the hydrogen filling to the pressure accumulator 31 is finished. That is, the compressor 2 is stopped and the first on-off valve 33 is closed.

  In step S10, normal pressure filling of the pressure accumulator 31 is performed. That is, the compressor 2 is operated and the first on-off valve 33 is opened, and the pressure accumulator 31 is filled with hydrogen boosted by the compressor 2. Here, in the normal hydrogen filling carried out in step S10, unlike the hydrogen filling carried out in step S5, the first on-off valve 33 is fully opened or the opening thereof is close to quickly filling the accumulator 31 with hydrogen. It can be carried out.

In step S11, the accumulator internal pressure Pa is read.
In step S12, it is determined whether or not the pressure accumulator internal pressure Pa is equal to or higher than the second threshold value Pd2 (> first threshold value Pd1). Then, when the pressure accumulator pressure Pa becomes equal to or higher than the second threshold value Pd2, the process proceeds to step S13. The 2nd threshold value Pd2 can be made into the pressure-accumulator internal pressure which the pressure accumulator 31 should maintain.
In step S13, the hydrogen filling to the pressure accumulator 31 is finished as in step S9.
In step S14, the hydrogen filling request to the pressure accumulator 31 is canceled.

  When the accumulator temperature Ta is lower than the predetermined temperature Td by the above hydrogen filling process, the hydrogen accumulator 31 is quickly filled with hydrogen after the hydrogen supply to the hydrogen fuel tank is completed. Specifically, with the second on-off valve 34 closed, the first on-off valve 33 is opened and the compressor 2 is operated to charge the accumulator 31 with hydrogen. Thereby, the pressure accumulator internal pressure Pa can be maintained at a predetermined pressure (second threshold value Pd2) or more.

  On the other hand, when the accumulator temperature Ta is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Td, the accumulator 31 is supplied when hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen fuel tank, in other words, the next time hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen fuel tank. Is filled with hydrogen. Specifically, the first on-off valve 33 and the second on-off valve 34 are opened and the compressor 2 is operated to release hydrogen from the pressure accumulator 31 (that is, while supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel tank). The accumulator 31 is filled with hydrogen. Thereby, compared with the case where the pressure accumulator temperature Ta is less than the predetermined temperature Td, an increase in hydrogen and / or a pressure increase in the pressure accumulator 31 due to hydrogen filling into the pressure accumulator 31 is suppressed. That is, when the pressure accumulator temperature Ta is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Td, the amount of increase in hydrogen and / or the amount of pressure increase in the pressure accumulator 31 due to the filling of the pressure accumulator 31 with hydrogen is lower than when the pressure accumulator temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature Td. It will be suppressed. Thereby, even if the accumulator temperature Ta is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Td, the accumulator 31 can be filled with hydrogen while preventing an excessive temperature rise of the accumulator temperature Ta.

  As described above, when the accumulator 31 needs to be filled with hydrogen or when it is better to fill the hydrogen station 1A according to the present embodiment, when the accumulator temperature Ta is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Td, When the hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen fuel tank (that is, when hydrogen is released from the pressure accumulator 31), the pressure accumulator 31 is filled with hydrogen. Thereby, compared with the case where the said pressure accumulator temperature Ta is less than predetermined temperature Td, the hydrogen increase in the pressure accumulator 31 by the hydrogen filling to the pressure accumulator 31 and / or a pressure rise will be suppressed, and pressure accumulator temperature Ta Can be prevented from excessively rising and the durability and the like of the pressure accumulator 31 being lowered.

  In particular, if the opening degree of the first on-off valve 33 is controlled so that the hydrogen filling speed of the pressure accumulator 31 is equal to or lower than the hydrogen release speed from the pressure accumulator 31 accompanying the hydrogen supply to the hydrogen fuel tank, It is possible to more reliably prevent the pressure accumulator temperature Ta from exceeding the allowable upper limit temperature while compensating for the decrease in hydrogen in the pressure accumulator 31 due to hydrogen supply (hydrogen release) to the hydrogen fuel tank.

  In the above-described embodiment, when the accumulator temperature Ta is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Td, the accumulator 31 is filled with hydrogen while supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel tank. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and when the outside air temperature (for example, the ambient temperature around the pressure accumulator 31) is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature Td2 (≦ Td), the pressure accumulator 31 is supplied while supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel tank. Hydrogen filling may be performed. Even in this case, the same effect as that of the above-described embodiment can be obtained. Further, the hydrogen temperature in the pressure accumulator 31 may be used instead of the pressure accumulator temperature Ta or the outside air temperature around the pressure accumulator 31.

Moreover, in the above-mentioned embodiment, although the pressure accumulation unit 3 has one pressure accumulator 31, it is needless to say that a plurality of pressure accumulators 31 may be included. In this case, the above-described process is performed on each pressure accumulator 31.
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the hydrogen released from the pressure accumulator 31 is supplied to the hydrogen fuel tank by the dispenser 4, but hydrogen is used by a hydrogen supply means (piping, on-off valve, etc.) not shown or You may make it supply to the hydrogen usage apparatus (for example, an adjacent fuel cell system) required. In this case, the hydrogen station 1 </ b> A is configured so that hydrogen filling into the pressure accumulator 31 when the pressure accumulator temperature Ta is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Td is performed while supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel tank and / or the hydrogen using device. can do.

[Modification of First Embodiment]
FIG. 3 shows a hydrogen station according to a modification of the first embodiment.
The hydrogen station 1B further includes a bypass pipe 7 that can supply the hydrogen boosted by the compressor 2 to the dispenser 4 by bypassing the pressure accumulating unit 3 with respect to the hydrogen station 1A (FIG. 1). The pipe 7 is provided with a third on-off valve (electromagnetic valve) 8 and a check valve 9. That is, the dispenser 4 is connected to the hydrogen discharge port of the pressure accumulator 31 through the second on-off valve 34 and the check valve 35, and has the bypass pipe 7, the third on-off valve 8, and the check valve 9. Via the outlet side of the compressor 2. For this reason, the dispenser 4 can supply the hydrogen released from the pressure accumulator 31 or the hydrogen boosted by the compressor 2 to the hydrogen fuel tank. The operation of the third on-off valve 8 is controlled by the control device 5. The check valve 9 prevents hydrogen from flowing from the dispenser 4 toward the compressor 2. Note that, like the first and second on-off valves 33 and 34, the third on-off valve 8 is assumed to be a normally closed valve.

  That is, the hydrogen station 1B according to the modified example of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is not limited to the hydrogen released from the pressure accumulator 31, but also the hydrogen fuel boosted by the compressor 2 without passing through the pressure accumulator 31. It is configured so that it can be supplied directly to the tank. Also in this modified example, as in the first embodiment, when the pressure accumulator temperature Ta is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Td, hydrogen is charged into the pressure accumulator 31 by supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel tank and / or the hydrogen using device. The pressure accumulator 31 is filled with hydrogen while being supplied. In this modified example, the same method as in the first embodiment may be used, but the pressure is increased by the compressor 2 by opening the first on-off valve 33 and the third on-off valve 8 and operating the compressor 2. Hydrogen may be used for both filling the pressure accumulator 31 and supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel tank. That is, it is possible to fill the accumulator 31 with the remainder of the pressurized hydrogen while supplying a part of the hydrogen (pressurized hydrogen) boosted by the compressor 2 to the hydrogen fuel tank. At this time, the second on-off valve 34 may be opened or kept closed. Even if it does in this way, hydrogen supply to the pressure accumulator 31 will be performed while supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel tank, and an increase in pressure in the pressure accumulator 31 due to hydrogen filling the pressure accumulator 31 is suppressed. Therefore, the same effect as the hydrogen station 1A according to the first embodiment can be obtained.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a hydrogen station according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In the hydrogen station according to the first embodiment, the pressure accumulator is provided with a hydrogen filling port for filling hydrogen and a hydrogen discharge port for discharging hydrogen separately. On the other hand, in the hydrogen station according to the second embodiment, the hydrogen filling port and the hydrogen discharge port in the pressure accumulator are common (hereinafter referred to as “hydrogen filling / discharge port”), and hydrogen filling and pressure accumulation in the pressure accumulator are performed. This is different from the hydrogen station according to the first embodiment in that hydrogen cannot be released from the vessel at the same time.
In the following description, the same reference numerals are given to the same types of components as in the first embodiment, and the functions thereof are also the same.

FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the hydrogen station according to the second embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 4, the hydrogen station 10 according to the second embodiment includes a compressor 2 as a booster for boosting hydrogen, a pressure accumulating unit 30 capable of storing hydrogen boosted by the compressor 2, a dispenser 4, And a control device 50.

  The pressure accumulating unit 30 includes a pressure accumulator 31 that stores hydrogen boosted by the compressor 2, a check valve 32 and a first on-off valve 33 provided between the inlet 30a of the pressure accumulating unit 30 and the pressure accumulator 31. A second opening / closing valve 34 and a check valve 35 are provided between the pressure accumulator 31 and the outlet 30b of the pressure accumulating unit 30. The inlet part 30a is connected to the outlet side of the compressor 2 via a connecting pipe, and the outlet part 30b is connected to the dispenser 4 via a connecting pipe. The check valve 35 prevents hydrogen from flowing from the dispenser 4 toward the pressure accumulator 31. That is, in this embodiment, the pressure accumulator 31 has its hydrogen filling / discharge port connected to the outlet side of the compressor 2 via the check valve 32 and the first on-off valve 33, and the second on-off valve 34. And connected to the dispenser 4 via a check valve 35.

  In the pressure accumulating unit 30, the pressure increased by the compressor 2 by filling the pressure accumulator 31 by opening the first on-off valve 33 with the second on-off valve 34 closed. Further, by opening the second on-off valve 34 with the first on-off valve 33 closed, hydrogen is released from the pressure accumulator 31 and supplied to the hydrogen fuel tank through the dispenser 4. The operation of the first on-off valve 33 and the second on-off valve 34 is controlled by the control device 50.

  Further, in the hydrogen station 10 according to the second embodiment, similarly to the hydrogen station 1B according to the modification of the first embodiment, the hydrogen that has been pressurized by the compressor 2 can be bypassed to bypass the pressure accumulating unit 30 and be supplied to the dispenser 4. The bypass pipe 7 is provided with a third on-off valve (electromagnetic valve) 8 and a check valve 9. In other words, in the present embodiment, the dispenser 4 is connected to the hydrogen filling / releasing port of the pressure accumulator 31 via the second on-off valve 34 and the check valve 35, and the bypass pipe 7 and the third on-off valve 8. , And a check valve 9 connected to the outlet side of the compressor 2. Thereby, the dispenser 4 can supply the hydrogen released from the pressure accumulator 31 or the hydrogen boosted by the compressor 2 to the hydrogen fuel tank.

  As with the control device 5 of the first embodiment, the control device 50 inputs various information such as information on the accumulator internal pressure Pa, the accumulator temperature Ta, and the hydrogen fuel tank. Then, the control device 50 appropriately controls the compressor 2, the first on-off valve 33, the second on-off valve 34, and the third on-off valve 8 based on various input information and an operation command by the operator, so that the hydrogen Hydrogen supply to the fuel tank (hydrogen release from the pressure accumulator 31) and hydrogen filling to the pressure accumulator 31 are performed.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a hydrogen filling process to the pressure accumulator 31 performed by the control device 50. This hydrogen filling process is repeatedly executed while the hydrogen filling request for the pressure accumulator 31 is maintained, as in the first embodiment.
In FIG. 5, steps S21 to S23 are the same as steps S1 to S3 in FIG. In step S22, if the pressure accumulator temperature Ta is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Td, the process proceeds to step S23, and if the pressure accumulator temperature Ta is lower than the predetermined temperature Td, the process proceeds to step S29.

  In step S24, the hydrogen supply to the hydrogen fuel tank and the hydrogen filling to the pressure accumulator 31 are performed simultaneously. That is, the compressor 2 is operated and the first on-off valve 33 and the third on-off valve 8 are opened, and the hydrogen pressure increased by the compressor 2 is filled in the accumulator 31 and the bypass pipe 7 and the dispenser 4 are used (accumulator). (Bypassing 31) to the hydrogen fuel tank. At this time, the control device 50 is configured so that the opening degree of the first on-off valve 33 is smaller than the opening degree of the third on-off valve 8, in other words, the amount of hydrogen passing through the bypass pipe 7 is increased. It is preferable to control the first on-off valve 33 and the third on-off valve 8. The second on-off valve 34 remains closed.

  In step S25, as in step S6 of FIG. 2, it is determined whether or not the hydrogen supply to the hydrogen fuel tank has been completed. If the hydrogen supply to the hydrogen fuel tank is not completed, the process proceeds to step S26, and if completed, the process proceeds to step S28. Note that when the hydrogen supply to the hydrogen fuel tank is completed, the third on-off valve 8 is closed.

In step S26, the accumulator internal pressure Pa is read.
In step S27, it is determined whether or not the accumulator internal pressure Pa is equal to or higher than the first threshold Pd1, and when the accumulator internal pressure Pa is equal to or higher than the first threshold Pd1, the process proceeds to step S28, where the accumulator internal pressure Pa is less than the first threshold Pd1. If so, the process returns to step S25.
In step S28, the hydrogen filling to the pressure accumulator 31 is finished. That is, the compressor 2 is stopped and the first on-off valve 33 is closed.

  In step S29, normal hydrogen filling to the pressure accumulator 31 is performed. That is, the compressor 2 is operated and the first on-off valve 33 is opened, and the pressure accumulator 31 is filled with hydrogen boosted by the compressor 2. In this normal hydrogen filling, the first on-off valve 33 can be fully opened or close to it. The second on-off valve 34 and the third on-off valve 8 remain closed.

In step S30, the accumulator internal pressure Pa is read.
In step S31, it is determined whether or not the pressure accumulator internal pressure Pa is equal to or higher than the second threshold value Pd2 (> first threshold value Pd1). Then, when the accumulator pressure Pa becomes equal to or higher than the second threshold value Pd2, the process proceeds to step S32.
In step S32, the hydrogen filling to the pressure accumulator 31 is ended as in step S28.
In step S33, the hydrogen filling request to the pressure accumulator 31 is canceled.

  With the above hydrogen filling process, also in this embodiment, when the accumulator temperature Ta is lower than the predetermined temperature Td, the hydrogen accumulator 31 is quickly filled with hydrogen after the hydrogen supply to the hydrogen fuel tank is completed. Done. Specifically, with the second on-off valve 34 and the third on-off valve 8 closed, the first on-off valve 33 is opened and the compressor 2 is operated to charge the pressure accumulator 31 with hydrogen. Thereby, the pressure accumulator internal pressure Pa can be maintained at a predetermined pressure (second threshold value Pd2) or more.

  On the other hand, when the pressure accumulator temperature Ta is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Td, hydrogen supply to the hydrogen fuel tank and hydrogen filling to the pressure accumulator 31 are performed simultaneously, and the hydrogen boosted by the compressor 2 is converted into the hydrogen fuel tank. It is used for both supplying hydrogen to the tank and filling the pressure accumulator 31 with hydrogen. Specifically, the first on-off valve 33 and the third on-off valve 8 are opened while the second on-off valve 34 is closed, and the compressor 2 is operated to supply fuel to the hydrogen fuel tank while accumulating the pressure accumulator. 31 is filled with hydrogen. In other words, a part of the hydrogen (pressure-boosted hydrogen) boosted by the compressor 2 is supplied to the hydrogen fuel tank by bypassing the pressure accumulator 31, and the pressure accumulator 31 is filled with the remaining hydrogen of the pressure-raised hydrogen. In addition, when the hydrogen supply to the hydrogen fuel tank is finished, the hydrogen filling to the pressure accumulator 31 is also finished. Thereby, compared with the case where the pressure accumulator temperature Ta is lower than the predetermined temperature Td, the increase in hydrogen and / or pressure increase in the pressure accumulator 31 due to the hydrogen filling of the pressure accumulator 31 is suppressed, and the pressure accumulator temperature Ta is reduced. Even when the temperature is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Td, the pressure accumulator 31 can be filled with hydrogen while preventing an excessive temperature rise of the pressure accumulator temperature Ta.

  As described above, the hydrogen station 10 according to the present embodiment, when performing hydrogen filling into the pressure accumulator 31, when the pressure accumulator temperature Ta is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Td, the hydrogen pressure increased by the compressor 2 is stored in the pressure accumulator. 31 and the hydrogen fuel tank are supplied simultaneously. That is, when the hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen fuel tank, the pressure accumulator 31 is filled with hydrogen, and the hydrogen pressure increased by the compressor 2 is supplied to the hydrogen fuel tank with the water content and the hydrogen of the pressure accumulator 31. Used for both filling. Thereby, compared with the case where the said accumulator temperature Ta is less than predetermined temperature Td, the hydrogen increase in the accumulator 31 by the hydrogen filling to the accumulator 31 and / or a pressure rise are suppressed, and the accumulator temperature Ta is excessive. It can prevent that the durability etc. of the pressure accumulator 31 falls and falls.

  In the hydrogen station 10 according to the present embodiment, as in the hydrogen station 1 according to the first embodiment, when the outside air temperature (for example, the ambient temperature around the pressure accumulator 31) is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Td2 (≦ Td), You may make it use the hydrogen pressure | voltage-risen with the compressor 2 for both the water supply to the said hydrogen fuel tank, and the hydrogen filling of the said pressure accumulator 31. FIG. Moreover, the pressure accumulation unit 30 may have a plurality of pressure accumulators 31, and in this case, the above-described processing is performed when hydrogen is filled in each pressure accumulator 31. Further, the hydrogen temperature in the pressure accumulator 31 is used in place of the accumulator temperature Ta and the ambient temperature around the accumulator 31, or the hydrogen boosted by the compressor 2 is supplied to the hydrogen using device instead of the hydrogen fuel tank. Or you may.

[Third Embodiment]
Next, a hydrogen station according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 6 shows the configuration of the hydrogen station according to the third embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 6, the main difference from the hydrogen station 10 according to the second embodiment is that the hydrogen station 20 according to the third embodiment is not provided with the bypass pipe 7, and there are a plurality of pressure accumulating units 30. This is to have two pressure accumulators (here, the first accumulator 31a and the second accumulator 31b). Other configurations are basically the same as those of the hydrogen station 10 (see FIG. 4) according to the second embodiment. In the present embodiment, the first pressure accumulator 31a has a hydrogen filling / discharge port connected to the outlet side of the compressor 2 via the first check valve 32a and the first on-off valve 33a. The hydrogen filling / releasing port 31b is connected to the outlet side of the compressor 2 via the second check valve 32b and the second on-off valve 33b. The dispenser 4 is connected to the hydrogen filling / releasing port of the first pressure accumulator 31a via a third on-off valve 34a and a third check valve 35a, and is connected to the fourth on-off valve 34b and the fourth check valve. The valve 35b is connected to the hydrogen filling / releasing port of the second pressure accumulator 31b. For this reason, the dispenser 4 can supply the hydrogen released from the first pressure accumulator 31a or the hydrogen released from the second pressure accumulator 31b to the hydrogen fuel tank.

  Also in the hydrogen station 20 according to the third embodiment, when there is a hydrogen filling request to the accumulators 31a and 31b and the accumulator temperature Ta is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature Td, hydrogen supply to the hydrogen fuel tank is performed. When the command is input (that is, when hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen fuel tank), the pressure accumulators 31a and 31b are filled with hydrogen. Specifically, by performing the hydrogen filling to each of the pressure accumulators 31a and 31b as follows, each of the pressure accumulators 31a, 31a, 31b accompanying the hydrogen filling is compared with the case where the pressure accumulator temperature Ta is lower than a predetermined temperature Td. The pressure rise in 31b is suppressed.

  That is, in the present embodiment, when the pressure accumulator 31a, 31b is filled with hydrogen when the accumulator temperature Ta is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Td, the hydrogen fuel tank is switched to the accumulator 31a, 31b. Hydrogen is supplied to the pressure accumulators 31a and 31b (that is, the pressure accumulator that is not releasing hydrogen) after supplying hydrogen and releasing hydrogen for supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel tank. Specifically, first, hydrogen is released from the first pressure accumulator 31a to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel tank, and then the release of hydrogen from the first pressure accumulator 31a is stopped and from the second pressure accumulator 31b. Hydrogen is discharged to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel tank. By repeating this, hydrogen supply to the hydrogen fuel tank is continued. Then, when hydrogen is released from the second pressure accumulator 31b and hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen fuel tank, the first pressure accumulator 31a that has stopped releasing hydrogen is charged with hydrogen, When hydrogen is released from the vessel 31a and hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen fuel tank, the second pressure accumulator 31b that has stopped releasing hydrogen is charged with hydrogen.

  The switching timing of the pressure accumulators 31a and 31b for releasing hydrogen (supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel tank) can be arbitrarily set. For example, the pressure accumulators 31a and 31b can be switched based on the elapsed time from the start of hydrogen release or the amount of change (decrease amount) in the pressure accumulator temperature accompanying the hydrogen release. Moreover, the release of hydrogen from each pressure accumulator 31a, 31b is performed by opening the corresponding on-off valve 34 (the third on-off valve 34a or the fourth on-off valve 34b), and filling the respective accumulators 31a, 31b with hydrogen. Is performed by operating the compressor 2 and opening the corresponding on-off valve 33 (the first on-off valve 33a or the second on-off valve 33b).

In the hydrogen station 20 according to the third embodiment, when the accumulator temperature Ta is lower than the predetermined temperature Td, the first on-off valve 33a and the second on-off valve 34a are closed with the third on-off valve 34a and the fourth on-off valve 34b closed. At least one of the valves 33b is opened and the compressor 2 is operated to charge hydrogen into at least one of the first pressure accumulator 31a and the second pressure accumulator 31b.
On the other hand, when the pressure accumulator temperature Ta is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Td, the first on-off valve 33a and the fourth on-off valve 34b are opened while the second on-off valve 33b and the third on-off valve 34a are closed, and the compressor 2 Is operated to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel tank (while discharging hydrogen from the second pressure accumulator 31b), the first pressure accumulator 31a is filled with hydrogen. Alternatively, with the first on-off valve 33a and the fourth on-off valve 34b closed, the second on-off valve 33b and the third on-off valve 34a are opened and the compressor 2 is operated to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel tank. Then, the second accumulator 31b is filled with hydrogen (while releasing hydrogen from the first accumulator 31a).

  Also in the hydrogen station according to the third embodiment, for each of the pressure accumulators 31a and 31b, when the pressure accumulator temperature Ta is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature Td, compared to the case where the pressure accumulator temperature Ta is lower than the predetermined temperature Td, Hydrogen increase and / or pressure increase in each of the pressure accumulators 31a and 31b due to filling are suppressed, and it is possible to prevent the pressure accumulator temperature Ta from excessively rising and the durability of the pressure accumulators 31a and 31b from being lowered. Further, similarly to the hydrogen stations 1 and 10 according to the first and second embodiments, the outside air temperature (for example, the ambient temperature around the pressure accumulator 31) may be used instead of the pressure accumulator temperature Ta.

As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention and its modification were demonstrated, this invention is not limited to these, The further improvement and change are possible.
For example, the hydrogen station may include a plurality of pressure accumulating units, and each pressure accumulating unit may have a plurality of pressure accumulators. Even in this case, the above-described processing can be applied to each accumulator. Moreover, the structure (especially valve mechanism) for filling the pressure accumulator with hydrogen or releasing hydrogen from the pressure accumulator can be appropriately set according to the structure of the pressure accumulator unit, the structure of the pressure accumulator, or the like. Further, in each of the above embodiments, the compressor 2 is used as a booster that boosts the hydrogen from the hydrogen supply source. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The boosting device may be any device that can boost hydrogen so that the pressure accumulator 31 can be charged, and a booster pump and a vaporizer may be provided instead of or in addition to the compressor 2.

  1A, 1B, 10, 20 ... hydrogen station, 2 ... compressor, 3, 30 ... accumulator unit, 4 ... dispenser, 5, 50 ... control device, 7 ... bypass pipe, 31, 31a, 31b ... accumulator, 51 ... Pressure sensor (pressure detection part), 52 ... Temperature sensor (temperature detection part), 60 ... Hydrogen storage container (hydrogen supply source)

Claims (13)

A hydrogen station capable of boosting hydrogen from a hydrogen supply source, filling the pressure accumulator, and supplying hydrogen in the accumulator to the hydrogen fuel tank,
Compared to the case where the hydrogen temperature in the pressure accumulator, the temperature of the pressure accumulator, or the outside air temperature around the pressure accumulator is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, the hydrogen filling to the pressure accumulator is lower than the predetermined temperature, A hydrogen station that is controlled to suppress an increase in hydrogen or a pressure increase in the pressure accumulator.   When the hydrogen temperature in the pressure accumulator, the temperature of the pressure accumulator, or the outside air temperature around the pressure accumulator is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, hydrogen filling the pressure accumulator is performed while supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel tank. The hydrogen station according to claim 1, which is performed.   When the hydrogen temperature in the pressure accumulator, the temperature of the pressure accumulator, or the outside air temperature around the pressure accumulator is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, hydrogen filling the pressure accumulator is performed while releasing hydrogen from the pressure accumulator. The hydrogen station according to claim 1.   The hydrogen station according to claim 3, wherein a hydrogen filling speed of the pressure accumulator is equal to or lower than a hydrogen discharging speed from the pressure accumulator. A booster that boosts the hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen supply source;
A first on-off valve provided between the booster and the accumulator;
A dispenser for supplying hydrogen released from the pressure accumulator to the hydrogen fuel tank;
A second on-off valve provided between the pressure accumulator and the dispenser;
A temperature detector that detects the hydrogen temperature in the accumulator, the temperature of the accumulator, or the outside air temperature around the accumulator;
A control device for controlling the operation of the booster, the first on-off valve, and the second on-off valve;
Including
The controller is
When the temperature detected by the temperature detector is lower than the predetermined temperature, the first on-off valve is opened and the booster is operated while the second on-off valve is closed, and the pressure accumulator is charged with hydrogen. And
When the temperature detected by the temperature detector is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, the pressure accumulator is opened while opening the first on-off valve and the second on-off valve and operating the booster to release hydrogen from the accumulator. Filling hydrogen into
The hydrogen station according to claim 3. It is possible to boost the hydrogen from the hydrogen supply source, fill the accumulator and supply the hydrogen fuel tank by bypassing the accumulator,
When the hydrogen temperature in the pressure accumulator, the temperature of the pressure accumulator, or the outside air temperature around the pressure accumulator is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, a part of the boosted hydrogen is bypassed by the pressure accumulator and the hydrogen fuel The hydrogen station according to claim 2, wherein the hydrogen station is configured to supply a tank and fill the accumulator with another part of the pressurized hydrogen. A booster that boosts the hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen supply source;
A first on-off valve provided between the booster and the accumulator;
A dispenser for supplying hydrogen released from the pressure accumulator or hydrogen boosted by the booster to the hydrogen fuel tank;
A bypass pipe for supplying hydrogen boosted by the booster device to the dispenser by bypassing the accumulator;
A second on-off valve provided between the pressure accumulator and the dispenser;
A third on-off valve provided in the bypass pipe;
A temperature detector that detects the hydrogen temperature in the accumulator, the temperature of the accumulator, or the outside air temperature around the accumulator;
A control device for controlling the operation of the booster, the first on-off valve, the second on-off valve, and the third on-off valve;
Including
The controller is
When the temperature detected by the temperature detector is lower than the predetermined temperature, the first on-off valve is opened and the booster is operated while the second on-off valve and the third on-off valve are closed. Fill the accumulator with hydrogen,
When the temperature detected by the temperature detector is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, the first on-off valve and the third on-off valve are opened while the second on-off valve is closed, and the booster is operated to Filling the accumulator with hydrogen while supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel tank,
The hydrogen station according to claim 6. The accumulator is constituted by a plurality of accumulators,
It is possible to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel tank by switching the plurality of pressure accumulators,
When the hydrogen temperature in the pressure accumulator, the temperature of the pressure accumulator, or the outside air temperature around the pressure accumulator is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, the plurality of pressure accumulators are switched to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel tank. 3. The hydrogen station according to claim 2, wherein the hydrogen station is configured to charge the pressure accumulator after discharging hydrogen for supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel tank while supplying the hydrogen. The accumulator includes a first accumulator and a second accumulator,
A booster that boosts the hydrogen supplied from the hydrogen supply source;
A first on-off valve provided between the booster and the first accumulator;
A second on-off valve provided between the booster and the second accumulator;
A dispenser for supplying hydrogen released from the first pressure accumulator or hydrogen released from the second pressure accumulator to the hydrogen fuel tank;
A third on-off valve provided between the first pressure accumulator and the dispenser;
A fourth on-off valve provided between the second pressure accumulator and the dispenser;
A temperature detector that detects the hydrogen temperature in the accumulator, the temperature of the accumulator, or the outside air temperature around the accumulator;
A control device for controlling the operation of the booster, the first on-off valve, the second on-off valve, the third on-off valve, and the fourth on-off valve;
Including
The controller is
When the temperature detected by the temperature detector is lower than the predetermined temperature, at least one of the first on-off valve and the second on-off valve is opened with the third on-off valve and the fourth on-off valve closed. And at least one of the first pressure accumulator and the second pressure accumulator is operated by operating the pressure boosting device,
When the temperature detected by the temperature detector is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature, the first on-off valve and the fourth on-off valve are opened while the second on-off valve and the third on-off valve are closed, and the The first pressure accumulator is filled with hydrogen while operating the pressure booster to release hydrogen from the second pressure accumulator, or the first on-off valve and the fourth on-off valve are closed. Opening the second on-off valve and the third on-off valve and operating the booster to release hydrogen from the first accumulator while filling the second accumulator with hydrogen;
The hydrogen station according to claim 8.   The hydrogen station according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the pressure accumulator is an upper surface temperature in a state where the pressure accumulator is arranged. A hydrogen filling method for a pressure accumulator in a hydrogen station,
The hydrogen station can boost the hydrogen from a hydrogen supply source and fill the accumulator, and supply the hydrogen in the accumulator to a hydrogen fuel tank.
Detecting the hydrogen temperature in the pressure accumulator, the temperature of the pressure accumulator, or the outside air temperature around the pressure accumulator,
Filling the pressure accumulator when the detected temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature is performed in a controlled manner so as to suppress an increase in hydrogen or a pressure increase in the pressure accumulator as compared to when the temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature. Method.   The method according to claim 11, wherein hydrogen filling the pressure accumulator when the detected temperature is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature is performed while supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel tank.   The method according to claim 11, wherein filling of the pressure accumulator when the detected temperature is equal to or higher than the predetermined temperature is performed while releasing hydrogen from the pressure accumulator.

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