JP6056029B2 - Powder carrier - Google Patents

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a granular material carrier ship that conveys cargo of inorganic granular materials such as cement, fly ash, calcium carbonate (tankal), slag, clinker, etc., and organic granular particles including cereals. .

  2. Description of the Related Art As a cargo carrier that carries a cargo of granular materials such as cement, fly ash, tankal, slag, clinker, and cereal, for example, a powder carrier disclosed in Patent Document 1 below is known. This powder transport ship has an inclined part with a cloth material as a ship bottom structure toward the powder introduction path at the center of the bottom part in the hold, and this cloth material is used when the granular material is unloaded. The fluidity of the fluid is ensured by blowing out compressed air from the bottom of the container and transported to the powder introduction path.

  The powder guided to the powder introduction path by the compressed air is conveyed in the front-rear direction of the hull by a conveyance conveyor provided in the powder introduction path, and is unloaded after being conveyed to the cellar pump by the vertical transfer means. .

JP 2002-356194 A

  When loading the granular material on the above-mentioned granular material carrier, the granular material transferred to the hold is discharged from the discharge port formed in the upper part of the hold into the hold, and has a vertex just below the discharge port. Accumulate in the hold while forming a cone. Therefore, dead space increases in the hold and the amount of loading may decrease. In addition, since the shape of the cone formed by the granular material is determined by the angle of repose according to the particle diameter, moisture, and the like, the amount of loading may change depending on the type of granular material to be conveyed. Furthermore, in order to increase the amount of loading, it is conceivable to increase the amount of discharge outlets for each hold, but there is still a dead space in the hold and the production cost of the granular material carrier will also be expensive. There was a problem to say.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems caused by the prior art, and provides a powder carrier capable of reducing the dead space in the hold and increasing the amount of powder loaded. With the goal.

  A granular material carrier according to the present invention is a granular material carrier ship that loads and conveys granular materials in a plurality of compartments, and from inside a compartment that is partitioned by a partition wall so as to be watertight. The vertical transfer means for transferring the discharged granular material in the vertical direction, and the powder in the hold is connected to the vertical transfer means and arranged to penetrate in the longitudinal direction of the hull of the granular material carrier ship at the center of the bottom of the hold. Horizontal transfer means for transferring the particles in the horizontal direction toward the lower end side of the vertical transfer means, and arranged so as to incline toward the center of the bottom at the bottom of the hold, with the particles in the hold facing the horizontal transfer means Transporting means for transporting in the hold, a loading device for loading the granular material into the hold, an air supply means for supplying air to the transport means in the hold, operable independently of the air supply means, a horizontal transfer means, Provided at the connection part of the means for transferring in the cargo hold, Watertight means that can be closed in a watertight state, and when loading the granular material into the hold by controlling the loading device, the connection is closed in a watertight state by the watertight means, and air is supplied to the means for transporting in the hold by the air supply means And a control device for performing the operation.

  In the granular material carrier having the above-described configuration, when the granular material is loaded, air is supplied to the transfer means in the cargo space by the air supply means, and the granular material is fluidized by fluidizing the granular material in the cargo space. It is possible to deposit not flat but flat. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the dead space inside the hold and increase the amount of powder particles loaded. Further, since fluidization of the powder particles occurs without depending on the stability angle of the powder fluid itself, any powder particles can be stacked in the same amount. Furthermore, in the above configuration, since the granular material is fluidized by using the in-house transfer means, it can be realized at a lower cost than the method of increasing the discharge ports.

  Moreover, in the said structure, since the connection part of a horizontal transfer means and a transfer means in a hold can be obstruct | occluded in a watertight state, it can prevent that the fluidized powder at the time of loading flows out to a horizontal transfer means. Furthermore, since the water-tight means can operate independently of the air supply means, it is natural that the water-tight means is opened at the time of unloading, and the granular material can be discharged from the hold to the horizontal transfer means using the air supply means. Is possible.

  The loading device is provided in the same number as the central distribution device that distributes the granular material to be loaded into the hold, the distribution moving device that is connected to the central distribution device and moves the distributed granular material to the corresponding hold, and the hold. And a cargo loading section for loading the granular material moved by the distribution moving device into the corresponding cargo hold. That is, in the above configuration, it is possible to deposit the granular material flat regardless of the number of the cargo loading portions, so that the configuration of the loading device can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  Further, the in-carrying transfer means is provided with a plurality of air sliders at predetermined intervals along the horizontal transfer means on both sides of the horizontal transfer means at the bottom of the hold, and the control device controls the air supply means to control the plurality of air Air may be sequentially supplied to the slider. In this case, the flow rate of the supplied air does not require a relatively large output, and it is possible to stably maintain the posture of the granular material transport ship even on the water.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it is possible to provide the granular material carrier ship which can reduce the dead space in a hold and can increase the loading amount of a granular material.

It is side sectional drawing which shows the structure of the granular material carrier ship which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is an upper top view which shows the structure of the same granular material carrier ship. It is width direction sectional drawing which shows the structure of the same granular material carrier ship. It is a width direction expanded sectional view which shows the structure of the same granular material carrier ship. It is a sectional side view which shows the structure of the ship bottom of the same granular material carrier ship. It is an expanded sectional view seen from AA 'of FIG. It is a plane schematic for showing the structure of the air supply means of the same granular material carrier ship. It is a sectional side view which shows the structure of the ship bottom of the powder fluid carrier ship which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is the expanded sectional view seen from BB 'of FIG. It is a partially expanded sectional view which shows the structure of the granular material carrier ship to which the unloading apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention is applied. It is a partially expanded sectional view which shows the structure of the granular material carrier ship to which the unloading apparatus which concerns on other embodiment of this invention is applied.

  Hereinafter, a granular material carrier according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[First Embodiment]
[1. overall structure]
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a structure of a granular material carrier ship according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an upper plan view showing the structure of this granular material carrier ship. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view in the width direction of this granular material carrier ship, and FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view thereof. The granular material carrier 1 according to this embodiment includes inorganic particles such as cement, fly ash, calcium carbonate (tankal), slag, and clinker loaded in a hold 2 that is a hold of the granular material carrier 1. And a cargo loading device 100 for unloading cargo such as organic particles including grains and the like (hereinafter simply referred to as powder), and a loading device 150 for loading the powder on the hold 2 Have Furthermore, the granular material carrier 1 has a first air supply means 310 and a second air supply means 320 (FIG. 7) used for unloading, loading and aeration. In this specification, aeration is to supply air to the particles in the hold 2 to fluidize the particles. When aeration is performed during loading, the particles are flattened in the hold 2. To do. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the dead space in the hold 2 and to load and load a certain amount of powder particles regardless of the properties of the powder particles. The granular material carrier 1 according to the present embodiment includes a ballast tank 4 disposed on a hull bottom plate 3 constituting a bottom of the ship, and a bottom plate 4a of a hold 2 that is an upper plate of the ballast tank 4. Between the bow part 6 and the stern part 7, for example, there are eight holds 2 that are divided in the hull longitudinal direction and two in the hull width direction. These holds 2 are partitioned by a partition wall 2b in a watertight state in the front-rear direction and the width direction of the hull. Furthermore, the pulverized fluid carrier 1 according to the present embodiment includes a control device 500 that controls each component of the unloading device 100, the loading device 150, the first air supply unit 310, the second air supply unit 320, and the like. ing.

[2. Unloading device]
As shown in FIGS. 1-4, the unloading apparatus 100 is provided with the bucket elevator 110 of the vertical transfer means which transfers cargoes, such as a granular material, to a perpendicular direction. The granular material carrier 1 is arranged in the bottom center 2c of the hold 2 so as to penetrate in the longitudinal direction of the hull of the granular material carrier ship and is connected to the bucket elevator 110, and the cargo such as the granular material is transferred to the bucket elevator 110. The flow conveyor 120 of the horizontal transfer means which transfers to the lower end side of a horizontal direction is provided.

  Furthermore, the unloading device 100 is provided at the bottom 2a of the hold 2 so as to incline toward the center 2c of the bottom, and is provided with a transfer means 140 in the hold for transferring the granular material in the hold 2 toward the flow conveyor 120. . A plurality of the in-hull transfer means 140 are provided at predetermined intervals along the flow conveyor 120 on both sides of the flow conveyor 120 at the bottom of the hold and are accumulated by extending in the width direction of the hull at a certain inclination angle from the dredging wall. An air slider 141 that is a transfer means for transferring the body to the flow conveyor 120, and a chevron-shaped granular material accumulation prevention 142 provided along the air slider 141 on both sides of the air slider 141. And the watertight extraction gate 130 which can block | close a connection part in a watertight state is provided in the connection part of these flow conveyors 120 and the air slider 141, respectively. As shown in FIG. 3, the air slider 141 is provided above the air slider mounting bottom plate 5 provided on the bottom plate 4 a of the hold 2. The air slider mounting bottom plate 5 is installed on the entire surface of the bottom portion 2a of the hold 2 in a watertight structure so that there is no leakage of powder particles from the inside of the hold 2 or intrusion of seawater from the bottom plate 4a side. The watertight extraction gate 130 is constituted by a knife gate valve, a butterfly valve or the like having an electric or pneumatic cylinder, and includes a first air supply means 310 and a second air supply means 320 (described later). It can operate independently of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the mountain-shaped powder body accumulation prevention 142 has almost all the inclined surfaces on both sides of the air slider 141 as a wiping means for transferring the accumulated powder body to the air slider 141. An air slider 421 is provided. The air slider 421 is attached to an inclined plate 211 having an air supply port 211a for supplying compressed air, and is attached to the center of the upper surface of the inclined plate 211 so as to extend fully in the longitudinal direction of the projection plate 211, and the air supply port 211a. A rectangular air chamber 212 having air supply holes 212a for distributing compressed air supplied from the side surface (or the side surface and the upper surface), and the air chamber 212 and the upper surface of the projecting plate 211 are provided to cover the air chamber 212. And a canvas 213 formed of a woven cloth or the like that allows compressed air to pass therethrough and does not pass powder particles, and a fixing portion 214 that fixes the canvas 213 to the slope plate 211.

  In addition, the unloading device 100 is connected to the seller pump 160 that is disposed in the vicinity of the bucket elevator 110, for example, a plurality of seller pumps 160 in the width direction of the hull, and the seller pump 160 that connects the seller pump 160 and the upper end side of the bucket elevator 110. The feed pipe 161 and a transport pipe (lifting pipe) 162 for unloading the granular material in the cellar pump 160 are provided.

[3. Loading device]
The loading device 150 of the granular material carrier 1 includes, for example, a central distribution tank 152 connected to a receiving air slide (not shown) that receives the cargo (load) loaded in the hold 2 from the land to the granular material carrier 1, and the central distribution tank 152. A distribution air slide 153 connected to the tank 152, a hold loading portion 154 branched from the distribution air slide 153, and the like are provided. In the present embodiment, the central distribution tank 152 and the distribution air slide 153 operate as a central distribution device that distributes the granular material for each hold. Further, the hold loading sections 154 operate as a cargo loading section, and the same number as the hold 2 is provided. That is, the pulverized fluid carrier 1 according to the present embodiment is capable of depositing powder particles flat regardless of the number of cargo loading parts, thus simplifying the configuration of the loading device and reducing the manufacturing cost. Yes.

  The central distribution tank 152 is disposed substantially at the center in the front-rear direction of the hull. Four distribution air slides 153 are provided so as to extend from the central distribution tank 152 in the direction of the bow portion 6 and the stern portion 7 and to be inclined downward in these directions from the central distribution tank 152 side. The hold loading part 154 provided at the upper part of the center distribution tank 152 and the central distribution tank 152 are connected.

  A hold loading portion 154 connected to the distribution air slide 153 is provided for each hold 2, and by opening the gate 155 provided between the hold loading portion 154 and the distribution air slide 153, A granular material such as cement falls into the hold 2 immediately below the hold loading portion 154 and is loaded. At this time, the granular material falls into the hold 2 in a fluidized state. As will be described later, aeration is performed in the hold 2 at the time of loading. Therefore, the powder fluid is laminated flat in the hold 2 and the dead space in the hold 2 is reduced.

  The structure of the central distribution tank 152, the distribution air slide 153, and the like are well known, and detailed description thereof is omitted here. However, for example, an inclined canvas is disposed in the duct, and the air slide is arranged from below the canvas. Air is supplied to move the powder particles while fluidizing them.

[4. Air supply means]
The granular material carrier 1 according to the present embodiment is configured to be capable of performing aeration by supplying air into the hold 2 while holding the hold 2 in a watertight state during the loading of the granular material. In addition, aeration can be performed by supplying air from the air slider 141 or 421 into the hold 2. In this embodiment, aeration is performed using the air slider 421.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the air used for aeration is supplied into the hold 2 by the first air supply means 310 and the second air supply means 320. The first air supply means 310 and the second air supply means 320 can selectively supply air to individual or some of the air sliders 141 or 421. The first air supply means 310 is also used when unloading, and the second air supply means 320 is also used to drive the distribution air slide 153 during loading. Note that the first air supply means 310 and the second air supply means 320 can operate independently of the watertight extraction gate 130.

  The air supplied into the hold 2 by the first and second air supply means 310 and 320 is collected in the filter unit 326 (FIGS. 1 and 2) via an aeration box (not shown) provided between the holds. The filter unit 326 removes the particulates from the collected air and discharges them to the outside. The pulverized fluid removed from the air in the filter unit 326 is collected again in the distribution tank 152 and transferred to each hold 2 via the distribution air slide and the hold loading unit 154.

[4-1. Configuration of first air supply unit]
In the first air supply means 310, the roots blowers 311 and 312 supply air to the first air pipe 314 via the roots blower discharge valves 311a and 312a. The air supplied to the first air pipe 314 is supplied to the air slider 141 via the first aeration valve 315 for adjusting the aeration pressure in the hold 2. Air supplied from the first air pipe 314 to the air slider 141 is supplied into the air slider box 411 of the air slider 141 and blown into the hold 2 through the air slider canvas 412.

  In the present embodiment, the number of first aeration valves 315 corresponding to the number of air sliders 141 is provided, and the air slider 141 that supplies air can be individually selected by the control device 500. The number of the first aeration valves 315 installed may be the same as the number of the hold 2, for example, and can be adjusted as appropriate. When the number of installed first aeration valves 315 is the same as the number of the hold 2, for example, the first aeration valve 315 is arranged so that the air sliders 141 in the same hold 2 can be operated simultaneously. It is possible.

  In addition, a silencer 313 is connected to the first air pipe 314 via an air volume adjustment valve 313a having an electric opening / closing motor 313b and the like. The air volume adjusting valve 313 a adjusts the supply amount of air supplied to the first air pipe 314. Further, the first air pipe 314 is connected to the second air supply means 320 via a pipe connection valve 316.

[4-2. Configuration of second air supply unit]
In the second air supply means 320, the turbo blower 321 can supply air to the distribution air slide 153 via a product valve 322 that is opened at the time of loading including, for example, a pneumatic butterfly valve. It is possible to supply air to the second air pipe 324 via a second aeration valve 323 that is opened for aeration. The air supplied to the second air pipe 324 is supplied to the air slider 421 via the third aeration valve 325 and the air supply port 211a. The air supplied from the second air pipe 324 is supplied into the space formed by the slope plate 211 and the canvas 213 of the air slider 421 and blown into the hold 2 through the air slider canvas 213. The compressed air supplied to the air slider 421 inflates the canvas 213 and blows out from the entire canvas 213. A first air pipe 314 is connected to a portion of the second air pipe 324 between the second aeration valve 323 and the third aeration valve 325 via a pipe connection valve 316.

  In the present embodiment, the number of third aeration valves 325 corresponding to the number of air sliders 141 is provided, and the opened third aeration valves 325 are air sliders provided on both sides of the corresponding air slider 141. The air supply port 211a of 421 and the second air pipe 324 are selectively connected. The number of third aeration valves 325 to be installed can be adjusted as appropriate. For example, the number corresponding to the number of air sliders 421 may be provided, or the same number as the hold 2 may be provided. When the same number of the third aeration valves 325 as the hold 2 are installed, for example, the third aeration valve 325 may be arranged so that the air sliders 421 in the same hold 2 can be operated simultaneously.

[5. Control device]
As described above, in the granular material carrier 1 according to the present embodiment, the control device 500 includes components such as the lifting device 100, the loading device 150, the first air supply unit 310, the second air supply unit 320, and the like. Control and perform loading and unloading. At the time of loading, the control device 500 holds the watertight extraction gate 130 in a closed state, holds the gate 155 provided between the hold loading portion 154 and the distribution air slide 153 in an open state, Air is supplied from the air supply unit 310 and the second air supply unit 320 to the distribution air slide 153 and the air slider 421.

  Here, if the fluidized granular material is accumulated on the flow conveyor 120 by a predetermined amount or more, it may be difficult to operate the flow conveyor 120 at the time of unloading, but the granular material carrier 1 according to the present embodiment. In FIG. 4, a watertight extraction gate 130 capable of watertightly closing the connection portion is provided at a connection portion between the flow conveyor 120 and the air slider 141. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the fluidized granular material from flowing out to the flow conveyor 120. Further, the watertight extraction gate 130 can operate independently of the first air supply means 310 and the second air supply means. Naturally, when the cargo is unloaded, the watertight means is opened and the granular material is used by using the air supply means. Can be paid out from the hold to the horizontal transfer means.

  The air can be supplied to the air slider 421 by sequentially supplying air to each air slider 421. That is, for example, it is conceivable to supply air sequentially from the air slider 421 disposed at the rear of the hull to the air slider 421 disposed at the front, or vice versa. In addition, the air slider 421 can be individually controlled, and for example, two air sliders 421 provided on both surfaces of the mountain-shaped granular material accumulation prevention 142 can be simultaneously controlled. Of course, it is possible to control the air sliders 421 and the like one by one in order or every other or every second. In addition, when air is supplied sequentially, any one of the air sliders 421 provided in each hold 2 may always operate. That is, in the present embodiment, since eight holds 2 are provided, a total of eight air sliders 421 may be driven, one for each hold during aeration. Of course, it is possible to operate only one of the air sliders 421 provided in the entire granular material carrier 1, and the number and order of the air sliders 421 to be controlled at the same time can be appropriately adjusted. In this embodiment, aeration is performed by controlling the air slider 421, but aeration may be performed in combination with the air slider 141. Each aeration described above can be realized by operating the first to third aeration valves 315, 323, and 325. By reducing the number of air sliders 421 or 141 that are simultaneously driven in this way, the flow rate of air discharged from each air slider 421 or 141 can be adjusted appropriately. Moreover, it is possible to keep the posture of the granular material carrier 1 stably on the water.

  In addition, it is possible to appropriately adjust at what timing the aeration starts or ends during the loading operation. For example, it is possible to always perform aeration during the loading operation, and it is also conceivable that the aeration is terminated when a certain amount of powder particles are stacked on each hold 2.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, the granular material carrier ship which concerns on 3rd embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. The powder fluid carrier according to this embodiment is basically the same as the particle carrier according to the first embodiment. However, as shown in FIGS. The configuration of the air slider 422 is different. That is, in the present embodiment, a rectangular air chamber 212 ′ is provided on the lower surface of the inclined plate 211 ′, that is, outside the hold 2. In addition, a plurality of air supply ports 211a ′ are provided in the slope plate 211 ′. In the first embodiment, the air chamber 212 is provided on the upper surface of the inclined plate 211, and is covered with the canvas 213. Therefore, irregularities due to the air chamber 212 are formed on the canvas 213, which may cause the powder particles to settle. In order to deal with such a problem, in the present embodiment, since the canvas 213 is a flat surface, it is possible to reduce the presence of the granular material during unloading.

[Other Embodiments]
Instead of the bucket elevator 110, vertical transfer means such as a vertical screw conveyor can be adopted, and a chain conveyor, a horizontal screw conveyor, or the like can be adopted as the flow conveyor 120. Further, when unloading, the watertight extraction gate 130 is operated as a flow rate adjusting valve for adjusting the flow rate of the granular material to the flow conveyor 120 according to the opening degree, or the aeration of the air slider 141 is controlled. It is also possible to adjust the flow rate.

  Moreover, according to the granular material carrier 1 according to the above embodiment, the structure of the watertight extraction gate 130 is configured by existing watertight means such as a knife gate valve, and the opening shape of the gate is various such as a rectangular shape and a circular shape. Since it can be configured in a shape, there is no need for a dead space for the connection between the flow conveyor 120 and the air slider 141, and the lifting device 100 that improves the stability at the time of damage with a simpler structure is provided. Can be realized.

  FIG. 10 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing the structure of a granular material carrier 1 according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 10, in the present embodiment, the air chamber 212 ″ constituting the air slider 423 is not rectangular but semi-cylindrical. When such an air chamber 212 ″ is used, in addition to the same effects as the previous embodiment, there is an effect that the strength is also strong. With such a configuration, the water tightness from the lower side of the projection plate 211 can be secured with a small amount of modification, and the powder body can be scraped out efficiently. As shown in FIG. 11, it is naturally possible to configure the air slider 424 by attaching the air chamber 212 ″ ″ from the lower side of the inclined plate 211 as in the third embodiment.

  In addition, although the unloading device 100 of the granular material carrier 1 according to the above embodiment is provided with the mountain-shaped granular material accumulation prevention 142, the mountain-shaped granular material accumulation prevention may not be provided. Needless to say. In this case, for example, aeration can be performed by supplying air from the air slider 141.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Granule carrier ship, 2 ... Hold (hold), 2a ... Bottom part, 2b ... Bulkhead, 3 ... Hull bottom plate, 4 ... Ballast tank, 4a ... Bottom plate, 5 ... Air slider mounting bottom plate, 6 ... Bow part, 7 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Stern part, 100 ... Lifting device, 110 ... Bucket elevator, 120 ... Flow conveyor, 130 ... Extraction gate, 140 ... Transfer means in cargo hold, 150 ... Loading device, 141 ... Air slider, 142 ... Prevention of accumulation of powder 211 ... Slope plate, 212 ... Air chamber, 213 ... Canvas, 214 ... Fixed part, 310 ... First air supply means, 320 ... Second air supply means.

Claims (3)

It is a granular material carrier ship that loads and conveys particles in a cargo compartment divided into a plurality of compartments,
Vertical transfer means for vertically transferring the powder particles carried out from the inside of the hold partitioned so as to be watertight by a partition;
It is arranged at the center of the bottom of the hold so as to penetrate in the longitudinal direction of the hull of the powder carrier, and is connected to the vertical transfer means, and the particles in the hold are directed to the lower end side of the vertical transfer means. Horizontal transfer means for transferring in the horizontal direction;
A transfer means in the hold, which is disposed at the bottom of the hold so as to incline toward the center of the bottom, and transfers the granular material in the hold toward the horizontal transfer means;
A loading device for loading the granular material into the hold;
Air supply means for supplying air to the in-house transfer means;
A watertight means operable independently of the air supply means, provided at a connection portion of the horizontal transfer means and the in-house transfer means, and capable of closing the connection portion in a watertight state;
When loading the granular material into the hold by controlling the loading device, the control unit closes the connecting portion in a water-tight state by the water-tight means and supplies air to the transfer means in the hold by the air supply means A granular material carrier characterized by comprising: The loading device is
A central distribution device that distributes the particles to be loaded into the hold;
A distribution moving device connected to the central distribution device for moving the distributed powder particles to the corresponding hold;
2. The granule carrier according to claim 1, further comprising: a cargo loading section that is provided in the same number as the cargo hold and loads the powder granular material moved by the distribution moving device into the corresponding cargo hold. The transfer means in the cargo hold is
A plurality of air sliders provided at predetermined intervals along the horizontal transfer means on both sides of the horizontal transfer means at the bottom of the hold;
The powder carrier according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the control device controls the air supply means to sequentially supply air to the plurality of air sliders.

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