JP6054162B2 - Ladle preheater - Google Patents

Ladle preheater Download PDF

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JP6054162B2
JP6054162B2 JP2012272706A JP2012272706A JP6054162B2 JP 6054162 B2 JP6054162 B2 JP 6054162B2 JP 2012272706 A JP2012272706 A JP 2012272706A JP 2012272706 A JP2012272706 A JP 2012272706A JP 6054162 B2 JP6054162 B2 JP 6054162B2
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ladle
heater
electric resistance
lid
ladle body
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JP2014117714A (en
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加藤裕之
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Tokai Konetsu Kogyo Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、鋳造作業場で使用される取鍋の予熱ないし保温のための装置に関する。   The present invention relates to an apparatus for preheating or keeping warm a ladle used in a casting workshop.

取鍋は、鋳造品を製造するための溶湯を、鋳造鋳型まで搬送する容器として使用される。   The ladle is used as a container for transporting a molten metal for producing a cast product to a casting mold.

取鍋の予熱は、高温の溶湯を炉から取鍋内に移した時に、取鍋内で溶湯が急激に冷やされないために行われる。取鍋の予熱は、できるだけ高温であるのが望ましいが、経済性の観点から取鍋外壁の温度が300℃以上になるように行われる。   The pre-heating of the ladle is performed because the molten metal is not rapidly cooled in the ladle when the hot molten metal is transferred from the furnace into the ladle. The preheating of the ladle is preferably as high as possible, but is performed so that the temperature of the outer wall of the ladle becomes 300 ° C. or more from the viewpoint of economy.

従来から、取鍋の予熱は取鍋を横にしたり、裏返したりして、その内部を、ガスや重油等のバーナーを使用して加熱する方法が知られている。   Conventionally, there has been known a method of preheating a ladle by turning the ladle sideways or turning it over and heating the inside using a burner such as gas or heavy oil.

しかし、このバーナーによる予熱方法では温められた気体が取鍋の内部に留まらず、つねに外部へ逃げていくため熱効率が悪い。また、つねに燃焼ガスが取鍋内に供給されるため、蓋で取鍋を密閉して断熱することができず、加熱されたままの燃焼ガスが作業環境を汚染する。   However, in the preheating method using this burner, the warmed gas does not stay inside the ladle and always escapes to the outside, so that the thermal efficiency is poor. Further, since the combustion gas is always supplied into the ladle, the ladle cannot be sealed and insulated with the lid, and the heated combustion gas pollutes the working environment.

これらの問題点を解決するため、特許文献1では、取鍋本体と密閉蓋からなり、密閉蓋を貫通する双極の電極を挿入して、取鍋本体内部をアーク放電により加熱する取鍋予熱装置が提案されている。   In order to solve these problems, Patent Document 1 discloses a ladle preheating device that includes a ladle body and a sealing lid, inserts bipolar electrodes that penetrate the sealing lid, and heats the inside of the ladle body by arc discharge. Has been proposed.

特開2012−55908号公報JP 2012-55908 A

特許文献1に記載された発明によれば、バーナーを使用せず、取鍋の開口部を蓋で密閉するので、燃焼ガスによる作業環境の汚染はない。しかしながら、熱源としてアークを利用するため、アークの安定性や電極表面の酸化を防ぐために不活性ガスの投入が望ましく、大気中での使用は困難である。   According to the invention described in Patent Document 1, since the opening of the ladle is sealed with a lid without using a burner, there is no contamination of the working environment by combustion gas. However, since an arc is used as a heat source, it is desirable to introduce an inert gas in order to prevent arc stability and oxidation of the electrode surface, and it is difficult to use in the atmosphere.

本発明が解決しようとする課題は、エネルギーを有効に活用し、作業環境を汚染することのない取鍋予熱装置を提供することにある。   The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a ladle preheating device that effectively uses energy and does not contaminate the work environment.

上記課題を解決するため、本発明の取鍋予熱装置は、上部に溶湯の注ぎ口と開口部を有する取鍋本体と、取鍋本体の開口部を塞いで断熱する蓋と、取鍋本体内部を加熱する電気抵抗加熱式ヒーターを設け、該ヒーターに通電させて取鍋本体内部を加熱する電気抵抗加熱式ヒーターを加熱手段として備え、前記取鍋の注ぎ口の内部にも、電気抵抗加熱式ヒーターが装着されていることを特徴とする。
In order to solve the above problems, the ladle preheating device of the present invention includes a ladle body having a molten metal spout and an opening at the top, a lid for insulating the ladle body by closing the opening, and the inside of the ladle body. An electric resistance heating type heater is provided, and an electric resistance heating type heater for heating the inside of the ladle body by energizing the heater is provided as a heating means , and the electric resistance heating type is also provided inside the spout of the ladle. heater is characterized that you have installed.

本発明の取鍋予熱装置を使用して取鍋を予熱するには、電気抵抗予熱式ヒーターを設けた蓋もしくは取鍋本体を昇降させて、電気抵抗加熱式ヒーターをセットした後、電気抵抗加熱式ヒーターに通電させて、取鍋本体を内部から加熱する。   In order to preheat the ladle using the ladle preheating device of the present invention, the lid provided with the electric resistance preheating heater or the ladle body is moved up and down, the electric resistance heating heater is set, and then the electric resistance heating is performed. Energize the type heater to heat the ladle body from the inside.

本発明によれば、電気による加熱で、取鍋開口部に蓋をして断熱もできるため、作業環境の汚染もなく、省エネ効果も高い。更に、電気抵抗加熱式ヒーターによる加熱のため、アーク加熱のように取鍋内に不活性ガスを投入する必要もなく、大気中で取鍋を加熱することが可能である。   According to the present invention, the ladle opening can be covered and insulated by heating with electricity, so there is no contamination of the work environment and the energy saving effect is high. Further, since the heating by the electric resistance heater is not necessary, it is possible to heat the ladle in the atmosphere without needing to put an inert gas into the ladle unlike the arc heating.

蓋は電気抵抗加熱式ヒーターで予熱した熱を逃さないためのものであるので、取鍋本体を密閉する構造である必要はない。予熱で投入した熱エネルギーを有効に活用するために、蓋は断熱性に優れた断熱層を有する二層構造とすることが好ましい。断熱性に優れる素材としては、熱伝導率が低く、かつかさ比重が小さいものが好ましい。断熱層としては、600℃における熱伝導率が0.3W/m・K以下かつかさ比重0.5以下の素材からなるものを挙げることができる。600℃における熱伝導率が0.3W/m・K以下の素材としては、例えば、アルミナ系セラミックファイバーボード、珪酸カルシウム系セラミックファイバーボード、JIS規格A類耐火断熱煉瓦などを挙げることができる。   Since the lid is for preventing the heat preheated by the electric resistance heater, it does not need to be a structure for sealing the ladle body. In order to effectively use the thermal energy input in the preheating, the lid is preferably a two-layer structure having a heat insulating layer having excellent heat insulating properties. As a material excellent in heat insulation, a material having low thermal conductivity and low bulk specific gravity is preferable. Examples of the heat insulating layer include those made of a material having a thermal conductivity at 600 ° C. of 0.3 W / m · K or less and a bulk specific gravity of 0.5 or less. Examples of the material having a thermal conductivity at 600 ° C. of 0.3 W / m · K or less include alumina-based ceramic fiber board, calcium silicate-based ceramic fiber board, and JIS standard class A fireproof and heat-insulating brick.

更に、取鍋の溶湯注ぎ口にも、その直径に合わせた電気抵抗加熱式ヒーターを投げ入れて加熱することで温まりにくい注ぎ口の加熱も容易になる。   Furthermore, it is also easy to heat the pouring spout which is difficult to warm by throwing an electric resistance heating heater matched to its diameter into the pouring spout of the ladle.

本発明の電気抵抗加熱式ヒーターとは、電気抵抗体に通電することによりジュール熱により発熱する加熱手段であり、金属ヒーターまたはセラミックヒーターを挙げることができる。金属ヒーターよりセラミックヒーターを使用することで、単位面積当りの発熱量が高くすることができるため、取鍋のように開口部面積が限られる用途には更に好ましい。   The electric resistance heating heater of the present invention is a heating means that generates heat by Joule heat by energizing an electric resistor, and examples thereof include a metal heater and a ceramic heater. By using a ceramic heater rather than a metal heater, the calorific value per unit area can be increased. Therefore, it is more preferable for an application where the opening area is limited such as a ladle.

本発明におけるセラミックヒーターとは、例えば、炭化けい素発熱体や二けい化モリブデン発熱体などのように、セラミックスに直接通電してジュール熱によって1,000℃以上に発熱するものである。   The ceramic heater in the present invention is, for example, a silicon carbide heating element or a molybdenum disilicide heating element, which directly heats ceramics and generates heat to 1,000 ° C. or more by Joule heat.

電気抵抗加熱式ヒーターを設置するには、図1及び図2に示したように、蓋に貫通して設ければよい。   In order to install the electric resistance heating type heater, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.

取鍋を予熱する手順は、最初に電気抵抗加熱式ヒーターを設けた蓋もしくは取鍋本体を昇降させて、電気抵抗加熱式ヒーターをセットする。取鍋本体の予熱は電気抵抗加熱式ヒーターに通電すればよく、取鍋の予熱温度の制御は、取鍋外側に設けた熱電対等で取鍋本体の温度を測定して行えばよい。   In order to preheat the ladle, first the lid or ladle body provided with the electric resistance heating heater is moved up and down, and the electric resistance heating heater is set. The ladle body may be preheated by energizing an electric resistance heating heater, and the preheating temperature of the ladle may be controlled by measuring the temperature of the ladle body with a thermocouple provided outside the ladle.

このように、本発明に係る取鍋予熱装置によれば、電気抵抗加熱式ヒーターによる加熱することおよび取鍋の開口部を塞いで断熱することにより、熱エネルギーを有効に活用でき、作業環境への汚染もない。アーク加熱で懸念される電極の消耗もないため、大気中で使用でき、不活性ガスを注入する必要もない。   As described above, according to the ladle preheating apparatus according to the present invention, the heat energy can be effectively utilized by heating by the electric resistance heater and closing the opening of the ladle to insulate the work environment. There is no pollution. Since there is no consumption of the electrode, which is a concern with arc heating, it can be used in the atmosphere and there is no need to inject an inert gas.

本発明の取鍋予熱装置の構成を模式的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows typically the structure of the ladle preheating apparatus of this invention. 本発明の取鍋予熱装置の蓋の構造の一実施形態を模式的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows typically one Embodiment of the structure of the cover of the ladle preheating apparatus of this invention.

以下、本発明に係る取鍋予熱装置について、図面を参照しながら説明する。   Hereinafter, a ladle preheating apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

図1は本発明の取鍋予熱装置の構成を模式的に示した図である。   FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of a ladle preheating apparatus of the present invention.

本発明の取鍋予熱装置は、取鍋本体1と取鍋の開口部を塞いで断熱するための蓋2、それに電気抵抗加熱式ヒーター3で構成される。取鍋内の雰囲気は、大気中でよいため、アーク放電のように蓋2と取鍋本体1を押圧して密閉する必要はない。   The ladle preheating device of the present invention comprises a ladle body 1, a lid 2 for closing and insulating the ladle opening, and an electric resistance heater 3. Since the atmosphere in the ladle may be in the air, it is not necessary to press and seal the lid 2 and the ladle body 1 as in arc discharge.

取鍋は取り扱い等で取鍋本体の上端のレンガが欠けたり、スラグが付着したりするため、蓋2と取鍋1との間には、セラミックウールやセラミックブランケットを設けてもよい。   The ladle may be provided with ceramic wool or a ceramic blanket between the lid 2 and the ladle 1 because the upper end of the ladle body is chipped or slag adheres due to handling.

取鍋1の溶湯の注ぎ口6を温めるため、注ぎ口6の内径部分に注ぎ口用電気抵抗加熱式ヒーター4を投入して加熱する。
To warm the spout 6 of the ladle 1 the melt, you heated to a spout 6 for electrical purposes spout inner diameter resistance heating heater 4 is turned on.

電気抵抗加熱式ヒーターの制御は、取鍋外側に設けた熱電対等で温度を測定し、ヒーターに投入する電力を調整すればよい。   Control of the electric resistance heating heater may be performed by measuring the temperature with a thermocouple or the like provided outside the ladle and adjusting the electric power supplied to the heater.

以上、説明したように、本実施の形態に係る取鍋予熱装置によれば、取鍋1の上部開口部を蓋2で覆って断熱するため、熱エネルギーを外部へ逃がすこともなく、省エネ効果が高く、また電気抵抗加熱式ヒーター3を熱源とするため作業環境を汚染することもない。   As described above, according to the ladle preheating device according to the present embodiment, the upper opening of the ladle 1 is covered with the lid 2 to insulate, so that the heat energy is not released to the outside, and the energy saving effect is achieved. In addition, since the electric resistance heater 3 is used as a heat source, the work environment is not contaminated.

電気抵抗加熱式ヒーター3、4は大気中で消耗しないため、取鍋内を不活性ガスで置換する必要も無く、押圧も必要としない。   Since the electric resistance heaters 3 and 4 are not consumed in the atmosphere, there is no need to replace the ladle with an inert gas, and no pressing is required.

図2は、取鍋予熱装置の蓋の構造の一実施形態を模式的に示す図である。   Drawing 2 is a figure showing typically one embodiment of the structure of the lid of a ladle preheating device.

蓋2は電気抵抗加熱式ヒーター3で予熱した熱を逃がさないためのものであり、取鍋本体を密閉する必要はない。蓋2の好ましい実施形態として、図2に示したように取鍋本体と接する側に断熱層2−1を有するものを挙げることができる。断熱層2−1としては、600℃における熱伝導率が0.3W/m・K以下かつかさ比重0.5以下の素材からなり、20〜60mm程度の厚みがあればよい。なお、電気抵抗加熱式ヒーターとして具体的にはセラミックヒーターを挙げることができるが、セラミックヒーターは電気を供給する端部3−2と供給された電気で発熱する発熱部3−1からなるものであり、端部3−2を蓋2に貫通させればよい。   The lid 2 is for preventing the heat preheated by the electric resistance heater 3 from escaping, and it is not necessary to seal the ladle body. As a preferable embodiment of the lid 2, as shown in FIG. 2, there may be mentioned one having a heat insulating layer 2-1 on the side in contact with the ladle body. The heat insulation layer 2-1 is made of a material having a thermal conductivity at 600 ° C. of 0.3 W / m · K or less and a bulk specific gravity of 0.5 or less, and may have a thickness of about 20 to 60 mm. A specific example of the electric resistance heater is a ceramic heater. The ceramic heater includes an end portion 3-2 for supplying electricity and a heat generating portion 3-1 for generating heat by the supplied electricity. Yes, the end 3-2 may be passed through the lid 2.

以上、本発明に係る取鍋予熱装置について、実施形態に基づいて説明したが本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく、本発明の目的を達成でき、かつ発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内で種々設計変更が可能であり、それらも全て本発明の範囲内に内包されるものである。   The ladle preheating apparatus according to the present invention has been described above based on the embodiment, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the object of the present invention can be achieved and within the scope of the invention. Various design changes are possible, all of which are included within the scope of the present invention.

本発明は、鋳造工場で用いられる取鍋の予熱保温装置として利用することができる。   The present invention can be used as a preheating heat retaining device for a ladle used in a foundry.

1:取鍋
2:蓋
2−1:断熱層
3:電気抵抗加熱式ヒーター
3−1:発熱部
3−2:端部
4:注入口用電気抵抗加熱式ヒーター
5:ヒーター用電源ケーブル
6:注ぎ口
1: Ladle 2: Lid 2-1: Thermal insulation layer 3: Electric resistance heating type heater 3-1: Heat generating part 3-2: End part 4: Electric resistance heating type heater for inlet 5: Power cable 6 for heater: Spout

Claims (3)

上部に溶湯の注ぎ口と開口部を有する取鍋本体と、
取鍋本体の開口部を塞いで断熱する蓋と、
取鍋本体内部を加熱する電気抵抗加熱式ヒーターを設け、該ヒーターに通電させて取鍋本体内部を加熱する電気抵抗加熱式ヒーターを加熱手段として備え、前記取鍋の注ぎ口の内部にも、電気抵抗加熱式ヒーターが装着されている
ことを特徴とする取鍋予熱装置。
A ladle body having a molten metal spout and an opening at the top;
A lid that closes the opening of the ladle body and insulates it;
An electric resistance heating heater that heats the inside of the ladle body is provided, and an electric resistance heating heater that heats the inside of the ladle body by energizing the heater is provided as a heating means . A ladle preheating device equipped with an electric resistance heater .
前記蓋が、取鍋本体と接する側に600℃における熱伝導率が0.3W/m・K以下かつかさ比重0.5以下の素材から成る断熱層を有するものであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載された取鍋予熱装置。   The lid has a heat insulating layer made of a material having a thermal conductivity at 600 ° C. of 0.3 W / m · K or less and a bulk specific gravity of 0.5 or less on a side in contact with the ladle body. The ladle preheating apparatus described in Item 1. 前記電気抵抗加熱式ヒーターが、セラミックヒーターであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載された取鍋予熱装置。
The ladle preheating device according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the electric resistance heating heater is a ceramic heater.
JP2012272706A 2012-12-13 2012-12-13 Ladle preheater Active JP6054162B2 (en)

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JPS5680865U (en) * 1979-11-09 1981-06-30
US4394566A (en) * 1979-11-27 1983-07-19 Bulten-Kanthal Aktiebolag Ladle preheater
JPS58189072U (en) * 1982-06-10 1983-12-15 電気化学工業株式会社 ladle lid
JPH0711021B2 (en) * 1990-08-02 1995-02-08 三菱重工業株式会社 Method for spheroidizing molten cast iron
JPH07232264A (en) * 1994-02-23 1995-09-05 Tafuko:Kk Heating oxiidation preventing method of molten metal in pouring machine for casting and device therefor
JPH10323750A (en) * 1997-05-23 1998-12-08 Nippon Rutsubo Kk Ladle
JP2002162172A (en) * 2000-11-28 2002-06-07 Nippon Steel Corp Thermal insulation cover
JP2005149973A (en) * 2003-11-18 2005-06-09 Tokai Konetsu Kogyo Co Ltd Silicon carbide heating element and manufacturing method therefor
JP5621214B2 (en) * 2009-05-15 2014-11-12 新日鐵住金株式会社 Ladle for continuous casting and continuous casting method
JP5267315B2 (en) * 2009-05-15 2013-08-21 新日鐵住金株式会社 Tundish for continuous casting and continuous casting method
JP4903903B1 (en) * 2011-02-17 2012-03-28 山田 榮子 Preheating method for steelmaking ladle

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