JP6051293B2 - Power generation system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a power generation system, and more particularly to starting a power generation system.

  For example, Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 describe a gas turbine starting method. That is, the compressor and the turbine are rotated by the starter motor, and after the number of revolutions has increased to a predetermined value, the fuel is ignited to obtain the compressor driving force. Then, adjust the fuel and compressor intake air amount to increase the number of revolutions to the rated number of revolutions, and after the grid voltage of the grid and the terminal voltage phase difference of the generator are within the specified range, between the generator and the power grid The circuit breaker provided in is put in and the grid connection of the gas turbine power generation system is terminated.

  By reducing the phase difference between the generator terminal voltage and the system voltage and then turning on the circuit breaker, it is possible to avoid excessive generator current during grid connection and system voltage fluctuation during grid connection.

JP-A-6-264766 Japanese Patent Publication No.59-9737

  In a general power generation system, it takes time to connect the generator and the system after controlling the power source so as to reduce the phase difference between the generator terminal voltage and the system voltage.

  For example, a twin-shaft gas turbine can be configured more compactly than a single-shaft gas turbine, while the driving power of the second turbine is indirectly controlled by the exhaust from the first turbine. Difficult to adjust the phase difference. In addition, since fuel injection and intake air amount adjustment are performed by mechanical operation, it takes a long time to control the exhaust amount and make it suitable for system interconnection by these adjustments.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a technique for shortening the time required for grid connection of a power generation system while preventing generation of excessive current during grid connection.

The present application includes a plurality of means for solving the above-described problems. To give an example, the power generation system of the present invention includes a power source, and the power source includes a compressor that compresses air, and A combustor that mixes and burns air compressed by a compressor and fuel, a first turbine that obtains rotational force by the expansion force of exhaust gas combusted by the combustor, and a rotational speed different from that of the first turbine A second turbine that rotatably receives the exhaust gas from the first turbine to obtain a rotational force, and the compressor performs a compression operation with the driving force of the first turbine, and the power source a generator driven by the second turbine constituting the, is connected to the first circuit breaker disposed between the generator and the AC system, the generator side of the first circuit breaker It includes a first power converter, wherein the first conductive Converter is connected through the generator and a second circuit breaker, a controller for controlling the first breaker opening and closing of the switching of the second breaker opening and closing the first power converter And the controller opens the first circuit breaker and closes the second circuit breaker, and controls the first power converter to control the output voltage phase of the generator. After the switching and adjusting the output voltage phase of the generator, the first circuit breaker is controlled to be closed.

In the power generation system of the present invention, the rotor torque for reducing the phase difference between the system voltage and the generator output voltage can be electrically directly controlled, so that the start-up time of the power generation system can be shortened. And it becomes possible to connect a two-shaft gas turbine power generation system to a system | strain, suppressing generation | occurrence | production of an overcurrent at the time of connection.

It is explanatory drawing of 1st Example of this invention. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a gas turbine 2 constituting a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an inverter 5 that constitutes the first embodiment of the present invention. It is the 2nd form of the inverter 5 which comprises this invention 1 Example. It is explanatory drawing of the controller 100 of the gas turbine electric power generation system which comprises 1st Example of this invention. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a calculation flowchart by a state controller 101 in the controller 100. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an inverter controller 102 in the controller 100. FIG. It is explanatory drawing of 2nd Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of controller 100AB of the gas turbine electric power generation system which construct | assembles 2nd Example of this invention. It is a calculation flowchart explanatory drawing by the state controller 101AB in the controller 100AB. It is explanatory drawing of the inverter controller 102B in controller 100AB. It is explanatory drawing of 3rd Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of controller 100AB2 of the gas turbine electric power generation system which construct | assembles 3rd Example of this invention. It is a calculation flowchart explanatory diagram by the state controller 101AB2 in the controller 100AB2. It is explanatory drawing of inverter controller 102A2 in controller 100AB2. It is explanatory drawing of inverter controller 102B2 in controller 100AB2. It is explanatory drawing of the alternative of 1st Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the alternative of 1st Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the alternative of this invention 2nd Example. It is explanatory drawing of 4th Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of 4th Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the alternative of 3rd Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of 5th Example of this invention.

  Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  Gas turbine power generation systems using natural gas have attracted attention due to the recent rise in crude oil prices and the establishment of shale gas mining technology. In addition, since a gas turbine power generation system generally has a shorter start-up time than a power generation system equipped with a steam turbine, it is expected to contribute to system stabilization at the time of introducing renewable energy by short-time start-up.

  In the gas turbine power generation system, a compressor and a turbine are connected to one shaft, a single-shaft gas turbine power generation system in which the generator is mechanically connected, a first turbine, and a mechanical connection to the shaft of the first turbine A two-shaft gas comprising: a second turbine having a shaft that is not provided and obtaining a driving torque by exhausting the first turbine; and a generator having a rotor mechanically connected to the shaft of the second turbine There is a turbine power generation system.

  The twin-shaft gas turbine power generation system has an advantage that the electric power that can be generated is larger than that of the single-shaft gas turbine power generation facility having the same shaft length.

  In the two-shaft gas turbine power generation system of the present embodiment, the generator output voltage phase can be adjusted faster than the phase adjustment by exhaust.

  FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of a gas turbine power generation system 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The gas turbine power generation system 1 is mainly composed of a gas turbine 2, a generator 3, a starter motor 4, an inverter 5, and a controller 10, and the generator 3 is connected to the AC system 100 via a circuit breaker 30. The starter motor 4 is connected to the AC system 100 via the transformer 51 and the circuit breaker 31.

  In this embodiment, after starting the switching of the inverter 5, the power output from the inverter 5 to the generator is controlled to a polarity that reduces the phase difference between the AC system voltage and the generator terminal voltage, and then the circuit breaker 30 is set. It is an example of the control method or system of the electric power generation system of the starting sequence to throw.

  The inverter 5 is connected in parallel to the generator 3, and the connection point is the generator 3 side of the circuit breaker 30. In addition, power to the inverter 5 is supplied from a DC power source 7.

  The gas turbine power generation system 1 includes various sensors for driving the gas turbine. That is, voltage sensors 60uv, 60vw for detecting AC system voltage, voltage sensors 61uv, 61vw for detecting generator output voltage, current sensors 62u, 62w for detecting output current of inverter 5, and gas turbine 2 A speed sensor 63 for detecting the rotational speed of the compressor and a speed sensor 64 for detecting the rotational speed of the shaft that mechanically connects the rotor of the generator 3 and the gas turbine 2 are provided.

  The output of the sensor is connected to the controller 10, and the controller 10 receives a start command StartCMD from a system controller (not shown). Based on the sensor output value, the circuit breaker opening / closing commands 30CMD, 31CMD, the fuel of the gas turbine 2 The charging command FuelCMD, the compressor inlet guide opening command IGVCMD in FIG. 2, and the gate signal GateSig of the semiconductor switching element in the inverter 5 are output.

  Although details will be described later, when a start command StartCMD is input from the system controller, the controller 10 turns on the circuit breaker 31 and starts supplying power to the starter motor 4. The starter motor 4 is an induction motor, converts received electric power into rotational torque, and rotates the compressor and turbine of the gas turbine 2. When the rotational speed of the compressor increases to a predetermined value, the fuel is ignited to start self-sustaining rotation in the gas turbine 2, and the circuit breaker 31 is opened to stop the power supply to the starting motor 4.

  The turbine connected to the rotor of the generator 3 by fuel combustion of the gas turbine 2 obtains driving force, and the rotor of the generator 3 rotates. The inverter 5 performs power control so that the terminal voltage phase of the generator 3 is close to the system voltage phase, and after the phase difference becomes smaller than a predetermined value, the circuit breaker 30 is inserted to generate power to the AC system 100. Start. At the same time, the generator 3 is controlled by an excitation controller (not shown) so that the terminal voltage of the generator 3 matches the rated value.

  FIG. 2 shows the main configuration of the gas turbine 2. The gas turbine 2 mainly includes a compressor 20 that compresses air, a combustor 21 that mixes and burns fuel supplied from a fuel tank (not shown) and compressed air supplied from the compressor 20, and exhaust expansion of the combustor 21 The high-pressure turbine 22 that rotates by receiving force, the low-pressure turbine 23 that receives exhaust from the turbine 22 and obtains rotational torque, mechanically connects the compressor 20 and the high-pressure turbine 22, and transmits the rotational torque of the compressor 20 The rotary shaft 24 is connected to the low-pressure turbine 23, and the shaft 25 is configured to transmit the rotational torque of the rotor of the generator 3.

  Further, the compressor 20 of the gas turbine 2 is provided with an inlet guide vane (hereinafter referred to as IGV) 26 for adjusting the flow rate of air sucked by the compressor, and a fuel injection amount adjustment valve 27 for the combustor 21. The fuel is supplied to the combustor 21 through the pipes 270 and 271. In addition, the air compressed by the compressor 20 is supplied to the combustor 21 through the pipe 201. Exhaust gas from the combustor 21 is supplied to the high-pressure turbine 22 through the pipe 210.

  The controller 10 receives the various sensors shown in FIG. 1 and the start command StartCMD, adjusts the opening of the IGV 26 and the opening of the fuel valve 27, and maintains stable combustion in the combustor.

  The configuration of the inverter 5 will be described with reference to FIG.

  The inverter 5 of this embodiment is a two-level inverter composed of three arms in which two IGBT elements are connected in series.

  The IGBT elements 5m to 5r are composed of an IGBT and a diode connected in reverse parallel to the IGBT. The gate signal GateSig output from the controller 10 is input to the gate which is a control electrode of the IGBT elements 5m to 5r, and the IGBT is controlled to be turned on / off.

  The inverter 5 outputs an alternating voltage containing harmonic components to the terminals U, V, and W by adjusting the on / off time ratio of the IGBT element.

  Reactor 5fil is provided to suppress harmonic current generated by the voltage harmonic.

  A DC power supply 7 is connected to the terminals P and N, and the DC power supply supplies DC power to the inverter 5 or charges the DC power to supply a constant DC voltage. In FIG. 3, the inverter 5 is connected to the generator 3 and the AC system via the reactor 5fil. However, as shown in FIG. 4, the inverter 5 may be a harmonic filter having a harmonic reduction effect due to the leakage inductance of the transformer 5tr. By using the transformer 5tr, it becomes possible to select IGBTs with appropriate voltage and current specifications regardless of the AC system voltage, increasing design flexibility.

  The transformer 5tr and the reactor 5fil can function by installing them alone or both.

  In the present embodiment, the inverter 5 is described as a two-level inverter. However, the inverter configuration is not limited to two levels. For example, a multi-level inverter represented by a three-level inverter as shown in FIG. . When the inverter 5 is a three-level inverter shown in FIG. 4, the number of gate signals output from the controller 10 increases from 6 to 12.

  The configuration of the controller 10 of the gas turbine power generation system 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

  The controller 10 includes a state controller 101 that controls state transition of the gas turbine power generation system 1, an inverter controller 102 that calculates a gate signal to the inverter 5, and a turbine controller 103 that controls the fuel valve 27 and the IGV 26 of the gas turbine 2. It is comprised by.

  The state controller 101 inputs the start command StartCMD, the high-pressure turbine rotation speed N_HPT, and the low-pressure turbine rotation speed N_LPT, receives the inverter 5 start command 5CMD, the gas turbine 2 combustion start command 21CMD, and the open / close commands 30CMD and 31CMD for the circuit breakers 30 and 31. Output.

  The inverter controller 102 receives the AC system voltage vuv_g, vvw_g, the generator 3 output voltage vuv_s, vvw_s, the inverter 5 output current iu, iw, the inverter 5 start command 5CMD, and GateSig which is a gate signal of the IGBT elements 5m to 5r. Is calculated and output.

  The turbine controller 103 receives the rotation speeds N_HPT and L_HPT of the high-pressure turbine and the low-pressure turbine and the combustion start command 21CMD, and outputs a fuel valve control signal FuelCMD and an IGV opening command IGVCMD. The calculation inside the turbine controller 103 is performed by a known method, but the calculation of the state controller 101 and the inverter controller 102 include the characteristic configuration of this embodiment. These will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 6 shows a calculation flowchart by the state controller 101. As shown in the right part of FIG. 6, a square drawn by a single line indicates a state, and a square drawn by a double line indicates a condition determination. The state transition condition is shown on the left side of the slash “/”, and the signal output accompanying the state transition is shown on the right side of the slash “/”.

  Until the start command StartCMD is input, the state controller maintains the stop state S1. When StartCMD is input, 31CMD is changed from an open command to a close command in order to turn on the circuit breaker 31. Thereafter, the state is changed to the circuit breaker 31 closing state S2.

  When the circuit breaker 31 is turned on, the starting motor 4 obtains a driving force, so that the shaft 24, the compressor 20, and the high-pressure turbine 22 start rotating, and the rotational speed gradually increases.

  When the rotational speed N_HPT of the high-pressure side turbine 22 is less than or equal to the predetermined value N_Fire, no state transition is performed, and when N_HPT becomes higher than N_Fire, the combustion start command 21CMD of the gas turbine 2 is made active and Change to open command. After changing the commands 21CMD and 31CMD, the state is changed to the state S3.

  Hereinafter, the inverter control state transition calculation including the characteristic configuration of the present embodiment will be described.

  As the combustion of the combustor 21 starts, the low-pressure turbine 23 obtains a driving force and the rotational speed N_LPT increases. N_LPT is larger than the first predetermined value N_min (for example, 90% of the low-pressure side turbine rated speed) and is larger than the first predetermined value N_min, and the second predetermined value N_max (for example, 110% of the low-pressure side turbine rated speed) If smaller, the state controller 101 activates the start command 5CMD of the inverter 5 and outputs it to the inverter controller 102.

  By setting the inverter 5 start condition such that the deviation between the low-pressure side turbine speed and the rated speed of the turbine is about 10%, the amount of power to be stored in the DC power source 7 can be reduced.

  As will be described later, the inverter controller 102 adjusts the gate signal GateSig so that the inverter 5 outputs AC power that reduces a deviation between the output voltage phase of the generator 3 and the AC system voltage phase.

  The state controller changes the state to the inverter 5 starting state S4. If the absolute value | Δθ | of the phase difference output from the inverter controller 102 continues for a predetermined time Tchk and is less than the predetermined value Δθmax, the state controller 101 changes the command of the circuit breaker 31 from the open command to the close command. Then, the start of the gas turbine power generation system is terminated.

  When the rotor rotational speed of the generator 3 does not match the frequency of the AC system 100, Δθ repeats fluctuation at a frequency equal to the difference between the AC voltage frequency output from the generator 3 and the frequency of the AC system 100. For example, by setting Δθmax to 5 deg and the determination time Tchk to 1 second, it is possible to avoid erroneous determination of generator synchronization due to frequency difference, and further, the allowable phase difference can be reduced to 5 deg or less. The amplitude of the generated transient generator current can be suppressed. Generally, the generator winding impedance is 100% or more on a self-capacitance basis, and when the phase difference is 5deg, the current when the generator is turned on due to the phase difference can be limited to 10% or less of the rated current. Disturbance can be suppressed.

  In the conventional gas turbine power generation system, the output voltage phase of the generator 3 and the voltage phase of the AC system 100 are adjusted only by mechanical input. In particular, in the case of a two-shaft gas turbine, it takes time to adjust the phase of the generator because the driving force of the low-pressure turbine must be indirectly adjusted by the exhaust of the high-pressure turbine.

  In the gas turbine power generation system of the present embodiment, high-speed and direct generator driving force control by electric power is possible, so that the phase adjustment can be speeded up compared to a gas turbine power generation system that performs phase adjustment only by mechanical input.

  Next, the calculation of the inverter controller 102 that realizes the inverter operation will be described with reference to FIG.

  The inverter controller 102 receives the AC system voltage detection values vuv_g, vvw_g, the generator 3 output voltage detection values vuv_s, vvw_s, the inverter 5 output current detection values iu, iw, and the inverter 5 start command 5CMD, and the start command 5CMD is When active, the gate signal GateSig that outputs AC power to the inverter 5 is calculated and output to the state controller 101 so as to reduce the difference between the voltage phase of the AC system 100 and the voltage phase of the generator 3. It has a function of calculating and outputting a phase difference Δθ between the AC system 100 voltage phase as a state transition condition and the generator 3 output voltage phase. The calculation of the controller 102 includes a calculation unit 10220 that performs calculation only when the inverter start command 5CMD is active, and other calculation units that are always calculated.

  In the calculation unit that is constantly calculated, state quantity calculation is mainly performed. That is, the voltage phase calculation of the AC system 100, the output voltage phase calculation of the generator 3, the voltage difference of the AC system 100 and the output voltage phase difference Δθ calculation of the generator 3, the active power output from the inverter, and the output current of the inverter 5 Calculation of a dq conversion value and an oscillation calculation of a triangular wave that is a carrier wave for generating a gate signal are performed.

  On the other hand, in the arithmetic unit 10220, based on the phase difference Δθ, the inverter 5 calculates the effective power to be output to the generator 3, the phase difference reduction calculation, based on the active power command value calculated by the phase difference reduction calculation Power control and current control are performed. This control is one of the characteristic configurations of the present embodiment. When the start command 5CMD is not active, all the integral calculations in the calculation unit 10220 are reset, and all the gate signals GateSig are turned off.

  The detailed calculation contents of the inverter controller 102 that realizes the above control will be described with reference to FIG.

  The voltage detection values vuv_g and vvw_g of the AC system 100 detected by the voltage sensors 60uv and 60vw are input to the two-phase / three-phase conversion calculator 10201, and the two-phase / three-phase conversion calculator 10201 is a line voltage vuv_g The phase voltage converted values vu_g, vv_g, and vw_g are calculated from the vvw_g with the zero phase voltage set to zero. The calculated phase voltage converted value is input to the phase detector 10202. The phase detector 10202 calculates the voltage phase θg of the AC system 100 by PLL (Phase Lock Loop) calculation, which is a known technique, and outputs the voltage phase θg to the subtractor 10205.

  Similarly, the generator 3 output voltage detection values vuv_s and vvw_s detected by the voltage sensors 61uv and 61vw are input to the 2-phase / 3-phase conversion calculator 10203, and the 2-phase / 3-phase conversion calculator 10203 is a line voltage. Phase voltage converted values vu_s, vv_s, and vw_s are calculated from a certain vuv_s and vvw_s with a zero phase voltage as zero. The calculated phase voltage converted values vu_s, vv_s, and vw_s are output to the phase detector 10204 and the active power calculator 10208. The phase detector 10204 performs the PLL calculation in the same manner as the phase detector 10202, and calculates the generator 3 output voltage phase θs. The calculated voltage phase θs is output to the subtractor 10205 and the sine wave generator 10213.

  The inverter 5 output current detection values iu and iw detected by the current sensors 62u and 62w are input to the subtractor 10207, and the subtractor 10207 calculates the remaining V-phase current iv current. The detected current values iu and iw and the calculated V-phase current iv are output to the active power calculator 10208 and the α-β converter 10209.

  The active power calculator 10208 receives the phase voltage converted values vu_s, vv_s, vw_s and the inverter current detection values iu, iv, iw as inputs, calculates the active power Pinv that the inverter 5 outputs to the generator 3 side, The result is output to the subtracter 10210. The active power is calculated by the three-phase sum of the product of each phase voltage and current.

  An α-β converter 10209 receives iu, iv, and iw as inputs, and performs coordinate conversion to α components iα and iβ that are two-axis components orthogonal to them. The α-β conversion operation is expressed by the following equation.

  The sine wave generator 10213 receives the generator 3 output voltage phase θs as input, calculates the cosine component cos (θs) and sine component sin (θs) with θs as the phase, and reverses the dq converter 10212 and the calculation unit 10220. The result is output to the dq converter 10216. The output id of the inverse d-q converter 10216 indicates an active current component, and iq indicates a reactive current component. The operation in the inverse dq converter 10216 is expressed by the following equation.

  The effective current id is input to a subtractor 10213 together with an effective current command value Idref described later, and the subtractor 10213 outputs the difference to the current controller 10215 in the arithmetic unit 10220. The reactive current iq is input to the subtractor 10214 together with the reactive current command value whose value is zero, and the subtractor 10214 outputs the difference to the current controller 10215 in the arithmetic unit 10220.

  The carrier wave generator 10219 calculates a triangular wave Tri that is a gate signal calculation carrier wave of the inverter 5 and outputs it to the PWM calculator 10218 in the calculation unit 10220.

  The calculation in the calculation unit 10220 will be described. In the calculation unit 10220, power control calculation for realizing the generator 3 phase adjustment by the inverter 5 including the characteristic configuration of the present embodiment is performed.

  The phase difference Δθ between the voltage phase of the AC system 100 and the output voltage phase of the generator 3 calculated by the subtractor 10205 is input to the phase adjuster 10206. The rotor of the generator 3 receives acceleration energy by the low-pressure turbine 23 and the inverter 5. When the phase difference Δθ is positive, it means that the output voltage phase of the generator 3 is delayed with respect to the voltage phase of the AC system 100. When Δθ is positive, positive power is supplied from the inverter 5 to the generator 3. , The rotor of the generator 3 can be accelerated, and as a result, the output voltage phase of the generator 3 can be advanced. The phase adjuster 10206 performs a PI control calculation with a positive gain on Δθ, and outputs an active power command value Pref as a calculation result to the subtractor 10210.

  The subtractor 10210 calculates the difference between the active power command value Pref and the active power calculated value Pinv and outputs the difference to the active power controller 10211. The active power controller 10211 calculates an active current command value Idref so as to reduce the difference in active power. Specifically, the active power command value Idref is calculated by inputting the active power difference value using the PI controller. The active power controller 10211 outputs the active current command value Idref to the subtracter 10213.

  The effective current deviation calculated by the subtractor 10213 and the reactive current deviation calculated by the subtractor 10214 are input to the current controller 10215.

  The current controller 10215 calculates the voltage command values vd and vq of the inverter 5 so as to reduce the current deviation. Specifically, two PI controllers are provided, the active current deviation is input to the first PI controller to calculate the d-axis voltage command value vd, and the reactive current deviation is input to the second PI controller. Input q-axis voltage command value vq. The calculated voltage command values vd and vq are output to the inverse d-q converter 10216.

  The inverse dq converter 10216 receives the outputs of the current controller 10215 and the sine wave generator 10213 as input, performs inverse dq conversion calculation based on Equation 3, and calculates the voltage command value α-axis component, β-axis components vα and vβ. To do.

  The voltage command values vα and vβ are converted into three-phase quantities vu, vv and vw by a two-phase / three-phase converter 10217. The conversion formula is shown in Formula 4.

  The voltage command values vu, vv, vw and the carrier wave Tri are input to the PWM calculator 10218, and the gate signal GateSig of the IGBT element in the inverter 5 is calculated by comparing the carrier Tri with the voltage command value.

  Therefore, when the start command 5CMD is active, the inverter 5 can supply the rotor acceleration energy of the generator 3 according to the phase difference Δθ from the inverter 5 to the gas turbine power generation system 1.

  In the present embodiment, the gas turbine power generation system 1 is a two-shaft gas turbine power generation system. However, the generator 3 is connected to the shaft 24 to which the high-pressure turbine 23 is connected, and the single-shaft gas turbine power generation system does not include the low-pressure turbine. But it has the same effect. At this time, since the rotation speeds of the high-pressure turbine 22 and the generator 3 are equal, N_LPT may be replaced with N_HPT, and the speed sensor 64 for detecting the rotation speed N_LPT is not necessary.

  In this embodiment, the gas turbine power generation system has been described as an example. However, if the problem is that the generator can be quickly connected to the system at the time of start-up, if the generator driven by the power source is connected to the system, it will be demonstrated in the above embodiment. The problem can be solved by the same action as that to be performed. That is, the phase adjustment of the generator by the power converter directly connected in parallel to the generator reduces the phase difference between the generator and the system, thereby preventing the generation of excessive current during interconnection. The effect of shortening the starting time can be obtained. This is because an electrical response that can be expected to be faster than the mechanical response of the power source is used.

  Examples of other power sources include a steam turbine, a water wheel, a diesel engine, a reciprocating machine, and a windmill. Even if these are used, the same kind of effect as the present embodiment can be obtained. The smaller the shaft moment of the generator to be controlled, the greater the start time reduction effect obtained with the same inverter size. For example, the control described in the present embodiment is more effective when implemented with a separate two-shaft gas turbine power generation system than with a single-shaft gas turbine in which a heavy rotating part such as a compressor is connected to the same shaft as the generator. large.

  Since the gas turbine power generation system generally has a shorter start-up time than other power source power generation systems, it is expected to contribute to system stabilization at the time of introduction of renewable energy by short-time start-up. For this reason, when the power source of the power generation system of the present embodiment is a gas turbine, in addition to the above effects, the power generation system startup time can be further shortened. The synergistic effect of reducing environmental impact by improving fuel efficiency is obtained.

  In addition, since the biaxial gas turbine indirectly controls the driving force of the second turbine by the exhaust from the first turbine, there is a problem that it is particularly difficult to adjust the phase difference between the system voltage and the generator terminal voltage. In the control described in this embodiment, when the power source of the power generation system is a two-shaft gas turbine, the rotor torque for reducing the phase difference between the system voltage and the generator output voltage can be electrically directly controlled. Since it is possible, the effect that adjustment becomes easy is acquired.

  Furthermore, in a two-shaft gas turbine, fuel injection and intake air amount adjustment are performed by mechanical operation, and after that, it is necessary to bring the displacement to a grid-connected state, so the startup time is longer than that of a single-shaft gas turbine. There is a problem. The control introduced in the present embodiment has a greater effect of shortening the start-up time in a power generation system using a multi-shaft gas turbine having two or more shafts than a power generation system using a single-shaft gas turbine as a power source.

  In the present embodiment, the inverter may be used as a rectifier in reverse, and even if the inverter is matched with the inverter, the power conversion function is not limited to the conversion from direct current to alternating current. Also, depending on the combination of inverters, it can also be an AC / AC converter such as a step-down transformer, and other power conversion means can be substituted, so the means for converting these powers are collectively referred to as a power converter. There is also.

  The DC power source connected to the power converter may be a secondary battery such as a storage battery, or another generator connected via a rectifier, or a compressor such as that employed in other embodiments. It may be a DC power source obtained from a rotating machine connected to the shaft, or a combination thereof.

  The starter motor 4 may be connected to another power source that is not an AC system as shown in FIG. 18, and instead of means other than the starter motor, such as another compressor that supplies compressed air as a starter of the gas turbine. It may be provided.

  The circuit breaker is means for connecting or disconnecting the electrical connection, and may be realized in any form such as a switch, a switch, or a protection circuit.

  There may be a second circuit breaker for separating the generator 3 and the inverter 5 between the inverter 5 and the generator 3. In that case, in order to perform control for reducing the phase difference between the generator and the system by the inverter 5, the second circuit breaker is turned on before the circuit breaker 30 is turned on.

  In this embodiment, the starter motor 4 is an induction machine directly connected to the AC system 100. However, as shown in FIG. 17, the starter motor 4 is a synchronous machine or induction machine controlled by an inverter 2000 having a diode rectifier. There may be.

  The starting motor 4 may drive the shaft 24 in FIG. 2 via a torque converter 3000 whose transmission torque changes according to the difference in shaft rotational speed as shown in FIG.

  In this embodiment, the starting motor 4 is a permanent magnet motor, but the same effect can be obtained with other synchronous machines such as a DC excitation synchronous machine.

  In this embodiment, the rotating machine that is matched with the starter motor 4 is used as a motor in this embodiment, so it is signed as a starter motor, but it does not deny that it is used for other purposes such as power generation. It can also be called a rotating machine.

  In the gas turbine power generation system 1 of the present embodiment, the starter motor 4 may be operated even after the power source is ignited, and may be interlocked with the control of the inverter 5 when the phase of the generator voltage is adjusted.

  In the gas turbine power generation system, it takes time to adjust the output voltage phase of the generator 3 and the voltage phase of the AC system 100 by mechanical input. Furthermore, in the case of a two-shaft gas turbine, it takes time to adjust the phase of the generator because the driving force of the low-pressure turbine must be indirectly adjusted by the exhaust of the high-pressure turbine. According to the present embodiment, high-speed and direct generator driving force control by electric power can be performed, so that phase adjustment can be speeded up.

  For example, in the case of a two-shaft gas turbine, it takes several minutes until the shaft reaches a predetermined speed after starting to drive the starter motor, and then it is stabilized at the rated speed and synchronized with the AC system. Adjustment of the shaft rotational speed is performed in the turbine system. When the generator is driven and controlled by electrical input immediately after reaching the predetermined rotational speed and the phase adjustment of the low-pressure turbine shaft and the generator is performed, the phase adjustment process takes a time on the order of several seconds. That is, it is possible to obtain a state in which the adjustment of the rotational speeds of the low-pressure shaft and the generator has already been completed before the adjustment of the rotational speeds of the high-pressure turbine and the compressor is started in the turbine system.

  After the generator 3 and the AC system 3 are synchronized and the circuit breaker 30 is closed, the connection of the system can be maintained and the amount of power generation can be controlled by adjustment by the gas turbine. The inverter 5 may be stopped after reaching this state. When stopping, it is desirable to gradually reduce the compensation power from the inverter 5 to stop.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, in the gas turbine power generation system including the inverter, it is possible to establish the closing condition of the circuit breaker 30 faster than in the conventional gas turbine power generation system, and as a result, the gas turbine The starting time of the power generation system 1 can be shortened.

In addition, the power supply from the power converter 5 to the generator 3 is started when the rotor speed of the generator is stopped, thereby assisting the increase in the overall speed and shortening the starting time of the power generation system. The effect may be enhanced.

  A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Compared with the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to those having the same function, and redundant description is omitted.

  The difference from the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is that the DC power supply source of the inverter 5A connected to the generator is changed from the DC power source 7 to the rotating machine 6 and the inverter 5B connected to the shaft 24. . With this configuration, it is possible to supply the power necessary for synchronizing the generator 3 with the gas turbine itself. Since the kW unit price of the storage battery that constructs the DC power supply 7 is generally higher than the unit price of the inverter or motor, the configuration of the second embodiment realizes a faster start-up time of the gas turbine power generation system at a lower cost. be able to.

  In this embodiment, the rotating machine 6 connected to the shaft mechanically connected to the compressor and the power converter 5B connected to the rotating machine 6 are provided, and the power converter 5B is converted into a power converter instead of the DC power source 7. Connected to the DC terminal of the device 5A, and a capacitor is connected to the DC terminal. Then, when the controller 10 starts the fuel combustion of the combustor and the rotational speed of the generator rotor becomes larger than a predetermined value, the power converter 5B and the power converter 5A are started, and the generator terminal After the voltage and the AC system voltage are synchronized, the circuit breaker 30 is turned on.

  The main circuit of the inverter 5A and the inverter 5B is a two-level inverter having the same structure as the inverter 5 of the first embodiment. The DC circuit terminals P and N of the inverter 5A and the inverter 5B are connected to each other, and a DC voltage smoothing capacitor 9 is connected between the terminals P and N. These inverters 5A and 5B are not limited to the illustrated structure, and instead, for example, an AC / AC converter may be used to obtain a desired phase adjustment effect.

  The terminal voltage of the capacitor 9 is detected by the voltage sensor 67, and the detected value of the DC capacitor voltage detected value vdc is output to the controller 10AB. The output current of the inverter 5B is detected by the current sensors 65u and 65w, and the detection values iu2 and iw2 are output to the controller 10AB.

  The rotating machine 6 is a permanent magnet generator, and the AC output terminals U, V, W of the inverter 5B are connected to the stator winding of the rotating machine 6. The output voltage of the rotating machine 6 is detected by the voltage sensors 66uv and 66vw, and the detection values vuv_m and vvw_m are output to the controller 10AB.

  The configuration of the controller 10AB will be described with reference to FIG.

  Similar to the controller 10 of the first embodiment, the controller 10AB includes a state controller 101AB, an inverter controller 102AB, and a turbine controller 103. The turbine controller 103 is the same as the turbine controller 103 of the first embodiment. Compared to the first embodiment, the addition of the inverter 5B changes the operations of the state controller and the inverter controller.

  A calculation flowchart in the state controller 101AB will be described with reference to FIG.

  Similar to the first embodiment, the controller 10AB keeps the state in the standby state S1 until the start command StartCMD of the gas turbine power generation system 1 is input.

  When the start command StartCMD is input, the state controller 101AB changes the state to the circuit breaker application state S2, and changes the command 31CMD to the circuit breaker 31 from open to closed.

  By turning on the circuit breaker 31, the shaft 24 is applied with rotational torque by the starting motor 4, and the rotational speed gradually increases.

  When the rotational speed N_HPT of the high-pressure side turbine 22 is less than or equal to the predetermined value N_Fire, no state transition is performed, and when N_HPT becomes higher than N_Fire, the combustion start command 21CMD of the gas turbine 2 is made active and Change to open command. After changing the commands 21CMD and 31CMD, the state is changed to the state S3.

  The ignition of the combustor 21 causes the high-pressure turbine 22 to increase the rotational speed, and when the rotational speed N_HPT becomes higher than N_min, which is a second predetermined value larger than the predetermined value N_Fire, the controller 10AB activates the start command 5B_CMD, Inverter 5B is started.

  The inverter 5B adjusts the power output to the rotating machine 6 so that the DC voltage detection value vdc matches the value vdcref corresponding to the rated DC voltage of the inverter 5A. Specifically, when the DC voltage detection value vdc is lower than vdcref, the power to be charged to the capacitor 9 is obtained from the rotating machine 6 by making the power output to the rotating machine 6 negative.

  When DC capacitor voltage detection value vdc is greater than predetermined value Vdc_min, controller 10AB changes the state to state S5, which is the inverter 5B start complete state.

  It is desirable to set the predetermined value Vdc_min to about 95% of the command value vdcref. By setting this value, it can be expected that a substantially rated DC voltage is supplied to the inverter 5A when the state transitions to the state S5. Preparations for starting the inverter 5A can be made.

  Thereafter, as in the first embodiment, if the rotational speed N_LPT of the low-pressure turbine is between the predetermined values N_min and N_max, the inverter 5A is started so that the voltage phase of the generator 3 approaches the voltage phase of the AC system 100. To adjust the power output to the generator 3.

  Next, the calculation of the inverter controller 102AB will be described.

  The inverter controller 102AB is composed of the controller 102A and the controller 102B of the inverter 5A. Since the controller 102A performs the same calculation as the inverter controller 102 described in the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.

  The calculation of the controller 102B of the inverter 5B, which is one of the features of this embodiment, will be described with reference to FIG.

  Controller 102B receives inverter 5B start command 5B_CMD, DC capacitor voltage detection value vdc, rotating machine 6 output voltage detection value vuv_m, vvw_m, inverter 5B output current detection value iu2, iw2 output from state controller 101AB as the inverter Outputs 5B gate signal GateSigB. The role of the inverter 5B in this embodiment is to supply a constant DC capacitor voltage to the inverter 5A, and the controller 102B calculates the gate signal GateSigB so as to adjust the DC capacitor voltage.

  The controller 102B includes an arithmetic unit 102B20 that is executed only when the start command 5B_CMD of the inverter 5B is active, and other arithmetic units. The other calculators perform calculations for calculating the effective current component id2 and the reactive current component iq2 included in the output voltage phase of the rotating machine 6 and the output current of the inverter 5B.

  A specific signal flow will be described below.

  The output voltage detection values vuv_m and vvw_m of the rotating machine 6 are input to the 2-phase / 3-phase conversion computing unit 102B03, and the 2-phase / 3-phase conversion computing unit 102B03 sets the zero-phase voltage to zero from the line voltages vuv_m and vvw_m. Phase voltage converted values vu_m, vv_m, and vw_m are calculated.

  The phase voltage converted values vu_m, vv_m, and vw_m are input to the phase detector 102B04, and the phase detector 102B04 performs a PLL operation on the input value to calculate the phase voltage phase θm. The phase voltage phase θm is output to the sine wave generator 102B13, and the sine wave generator 102B13 outputs the cosine components cos θm and sin θm having the phase θm to the dq converter 102B12 and the inverse dq converter 102B16 in the calculation unit 102B20.

  The current detection values iu2 and iw2 are input to the subtractor 102B07, and the subtractor 102B17 calculates the v-phase current value iv2.

  The detected current values iu2, iv2, and iw2 are input to the α-β converter 102B09, and the α-β converter calculates the output current α component iα2 and β component iβ2 of the inverter 5B, and outputs them to the d-q converter 102B12. The calculation in the α-β converter 102B09 is the same as the calculation shown in Formula 1 of the first embodiment. The d-q converter d-q converts iα2 and iβ2 using the sine wave signals cos θm and sin θm output from the sine wave generator 102B13, and outputs the converted values id2 and iq2 to the subtracters 102B13 and 102B14. The calculation in the d-q converter 102B12 is the same as the calculation shown in Formula 2 of the first embodiment.

  The subtractor 102B13 calculates the difference between the effective current command value Idref2 calculated by the voltage controller 102B11, which will be described later, and id2, and outputs the difference to the current controller 102B15 in the calculation unit 102B20.

  The subtractor 102B14 calculates a difference between the reactive current command values Iqref and iq2 having a value of zero, and outputs the difference to the current controller 102B15 in the calculation unit 102B20.

  Carrier wave generator 102B19 outputs carrier wave Tri, which is a gate signal generating carrier wave of inverter 5B, to PWM calculator 102B18 in calculation unit 102B20.

  The calculation unit 102B20 will be described.

  The calculation in the calculation unit 102B20 is executed only when the inverter 5B start command 5B_CMD is active. When 5B_CMD is not active, the integral calculation in the calculation unit 102B20 is reset, and all the gate signals GateSigB are turned off.

  The DC capacitor voltage detection value vdc and the DC capacitor voltage command value Vdcref are input to the subtractor 102B10, and the subtractor 102B10 outputs the difference to the DC voltage controller 102B11.

  The DC voltage controller 102B11 includes a PI controller, calculates an effective current command value Idref2 output from the inverter 5B so as to reduce the input voltage deviation, and outputs the active current command value Idref2 to the subtractor 102B13.

  The difference between the active current command value Idref2 and the active current id2 and the difference between the reactive current command value Iqref and the reactive current iq2 are input to the current controller 102B15. The current controller 102B15 performs the same calculation as the current controller 10215 of the first embodiment, and calculates voltage command values vd2 and vq2. vd2 and vq2 are output to the inverse d-q converter 102B16.

  The inverse dq converter 102B16 performs the same operation as the inverse dq converter 10216 on the voltage command values vd2 and vq2, calculates the voltage command values α and β components vα2 and vβ2, and performs two-phase / three-phase conversion. Output to the device 102B17.

  The two-phase / three-phase converter 102B17 performs the same calculation on vα2 and vβ2 as the two-phase / three-phase converter 10217, calculates three-phase voltage command values vu2, vv2, and vw2, and outputs them to the PWM calculator 102B18.

  The PWM calculator 102B18 receives the voltage command values vu, vv, vw and the carrier wave Tri which is the output value of the carrier wave calculator 102B19 as input, and similarly to the PWM calculator 10218, compares the voltage command value and the carrier wave Tri to compare the gate signal GateSigB. calculate.

  As a result of the above calculation, when the start command 5B_CMD of the inverter 5B is active, the inverter 5B can control the on / off of the IGBT element so that the DC capacitor voltage detection value vdc approaches the command value vdcref. DC voltage can be supplied.

  In the present embodiment, the gas turbine power generation system has been described as a two-shaft gas turbine power generation system, but the same effect can be achieved with a single-shaft gas turbine power generation system. In this case, since the rotation speed of the high-pressure turbine 22 and the rotation speed of the generator 3 are equal, N_LPT may be replaced with N_HPT, and the speed sensor 64 is not necessary.

  As described above, according to the second embodiment of the present invention, in the gas turbine power generation system including the inverter, it is possible to establish the closing condition of the circuit breaker 30 faster than in the conventional gas turbine power generation system, and as a result, the gas turbine The starting time of the power generation system 1 can be shortened. In addition, since the power supplied from the inverter 5A to the generator 3 can be supplied by the gas turbine power generation system itself and an expensive direct current power supply is not required, the start time of the gas turbine power generation system can be reduced at a low cost.

  In the present embodiment, the rotating machine 6 is not a motor that is driven simply at the stage where the number of revolutions is zero, but operates at the time of high-speed rotation of the gas turbine.

  In the present embodiment, the rotating machine 6 and the starter motor 4 are permanent magnet motors, but other synchronous machines such as a direct current excitation synchronous machine have the same effect.

As shown in FIG. 19, by using the direct current power source of the first embodiment in combination with the present embodiment, the capacity of the expensive direct current power source can be reduced, and the effect of shortening the starting time can be increased, and a power buffer can be secured. By doing so, reliability can be improved.

  A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The difference between the present embodiment and the second embodiment of the present invention is that the function of the starter motor 4 is realized by the rotating machine 6 and the inverters 5A and 5B, so that the rotating machine 6 is a compressor 20 at the start of the gas turbine power generation system 1. This is in common with the rotation speed increasing means and the high-speed phase adjusting means of the generator 3. According to this embodiment, the starter motor 4 can be deleted, and system components can be simplified.

  In this embodiment, the inverter 5A is connected to both the generator side and the AC system side of the circuit breaker 30, and switching means for switching the connection state by connecting or disconnecting the two connections (the circuit breaker in FIG. 12). 31 and a circuit breaker 32), and before the controller starts fuel combustion in the combustor, the inverter 5A is connected to the circuit breaker 30 AC system side, and after the fuel combustion of the combustor is started, the generator When the number of rotations of the rotor becomes larger than a predetermined value, control is performed to disconnect the circuit breaker 30 AC system side of the inverter 5A and connect it to the circuit breaker 30 generator side.

  It is desirable that the switching means has a function of disconnecting both the circuit breaker 30 generator side and the circuit breaker 30 AC system side or connecting both.

  Sharing the function of the starter motor 4 with the rotating machine 6 adds a new state to the start sequence controlled by the state controller of the gas turbine power generation system 1 and a new calculation function for switching the control function of the inverters 5A and 5B. Can be realized. Hereinafter, details of the third embodiment will be described focusing on differences from the second embodiment. Here, elements having the same function are indicated by the same numbers as those described in the first and second embodiments, and redundant description is omitted.

  FIG. 12 shows a main circuit configuration of the gas turbine power generation system 1 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The difference in the main circuit configuration from the second embodiment shown in FIG. 8 is that the starting motor 4 is omitted, and the AC terminals U, V, W of the inverter 5A are disconnected from the AC system 100 via the circuit breaker 31. It is a point that is connected to the generator 3 via the device 32.

  The inverters 5A and 5B follow the starting sequence to be described later, and supply the torque that increases the rotational speed of the compressor 20 by receiving power from the AC system 100 via the circuit breaker 31 until gas turbine fuel ignition, and the fuel of the gas turbine 2 After ignition, the circuit breaker 31 is opened and the circuit breaker 32 is turned on to receive the generator 3 phase adjustment power supply from the rotating machine 6. These operations are realized by commands from the controller 10AB2.

  The configuration of the controller 10AB2 will be described with reference to FIG.

  Similarly to the controller 10AB of the second embodiment, the controller 10AB2 includes a state controller 101AB2 that performs state control calculation, an inverter controller 102AB2 that performs control calculation of the inverters 5A and 5B, a fuel valve of the gas turbine, and an IGV It is comprised by the controller 103 which performs a control calculation. Since the operation in the gas turbine controller is the same as that in the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the same reference numerals are used.

  The state controller 101AB2 is different in that a signal AVR_FLG for switching the control mode of the inverters 5A and 5B is output in addition to the output signal of the state controller 101AB. Inverter controllers 5A and 5B switch the control target according to signal AVR_FLG. Specifically, it is determined by the signal AVR_FLG whether the DC capacitor voltage control is performed by the inverters 5A and 5B. The inverter 5A performs the phase adjustment control of the generator 3 when the DC capacitor voltage control is not performed. The inverter 5B performs the rotational speed control of the compressor 20 when the DC capacitor voltage control is not performed.

  The state control calculation of the state controller 101AB2 will be described with reference to FIG.

  When the start command StartCMD to the gas turbine power generation system 1 becomes active, the state controller 101AB2 changes the state from the stop state S1 to the circuit breaker 31 input state S2. At this time, the command 31CMD to the circuit breaker 31 is changed from open to closed, and the circuit breaker 31 is turned on.

  Thereafter, the start command 51CMD for starting the inverter 5A is activated, AVR_FLG is activated, and the inverter 5A performs DC capacitor voltage control.

  The inverter 5A controls the power received from the AC system 100 so that the DC capacitor voltage matches the command value vdcref by the controller 102A2 described later.

  The state controller 101AB2 compares the input DC capacitor voltage detection value vdc with the predetermined value Vdc_min, and if Vdc_min <vdc, the state is changed to the inverter 5A start state S3 and the state is changed to the inverter 5B start state S3.

  At this time, the inverter controller 102B2 activates the inverter 5B start command 5B_CMD to start the inverter 5B.

  The inverter controller 102B2 inputs 5B_CMD and AVR_FLG from the state controller 101AB2 from the controller 102B2, which will be described later, performs the rotation speed control of the compressor 20 when AVR_FLG is active, and direct current when AVR_FLG is not active The current command value is switched to perform capacitor voltage control.

  In the state S3, since the inverter 5B performs the rotational speed control, the inverter 5B controls the torque applied to the rotating machine 6 so that the rotational speed of the compressor 20 matches the command value.

  The rotational speed of the compressor 20 increases due to the torque from the inverter 5B. The state controller 101AB2 compares the high-pressure side turbine rotation speed detection value N_HPT with a predetermined value N_min2, and if N_HPT> N_min2, the start command 21CMD is activated so that the gas turbine 2 is ignited, and the state is combusted. Transition to state S4.

  When the start command 21CMD becomes active, the combustor 21 in the gas turbine 2 starts combustion of the fuel, and the high-pressure turbine 22 obtains rotational torque by the expansion force obtained by the combustion. As a result, the gas turbine 2 itself Thus, it becomes possible to obtain a driving force.

  Next, the state controller 101AB2 inactivates the start commands 5A_CMD and 5B_CMD for the inverters 5A and 5B, and stops the inverters 5A and 5B. At the same time, by inactivating AVR_FLG, the function at the start of the inverter 5A is switched to torque control, and the function of the inverter 5B is switched to DC capacitor voltage control.

  Also, the switching command for the circuit breaker 31 is changed from closed to open, and the inverter 5A and the AC system 100 are electrically disconnected. The state changes from the combustor ignition state S4 to the circuit breaker 31 open state S5.

  The state controller 101AB2 changes the open / close command 32CMD of the circuit breaker 32 from open to closed to start the phase adjustment of the generator 3 by the inverter 5A, changes the start command of the inverter 5B to active, closes the state of the circuit breaker 32, Transition to inverter 5B start state S6.

  By turning on the circuit breaker 32, the AC terminals U, V, W of the inverter 5A are connected to the stator winding of the generator 3, and the connection is the same as in the first and second embodiments of the present invention.

  Since AVR_FLG is inactive, the controller 102B2 of the inverter 5B adjusts the output power to the rotating machine 6 so that the DC capacitor voltage matches the command value. The operation of the inverter 5B while AVR_FLG is inactive is the same as the operation described in the second embodiment of the present invention.

  As in the second embodiment, when the DC capacitor voltage detection value vdc becomes larger than Vdc_min, the state controller 101AB2 activates the inverter 5A start command 5A_CMD to start the inverter 5A. The inverter 5A controls the electric power output to the generator 3 so that the controller 102A2 reduces the phase difference between the phase of the AC system 100 and the phase of the generator 3.

  The state controller 101AB2 compares the absolute value | Δθ | of the above phase difference with the judgment value Δθmax, and when the value is below the judgment value, the circuit breaker 30 switching command 30CMD is changed from open to closed, and the gas turbine power generation system 1 is switched to AC. Connect to system 100.

  As described above, the controller 101AB2 controls the inverters 5A and 5B and the circuit breakers 31 and 32 to allow the rotating machine 6 to have the function of the starter motor.

  A controller 102A2 that performs control calculation of the inverter 5A will be described with reference to FIG.

  In order to avoid redundant description, the difference from the controller 102A of the second embodiment of the present invention will be mainly described.

  The difference between the controllers 102A and 102A2 is the subtraction that calculates the difference between the DC capacitor voltage command value and the detected value vdc as an arithmetic unit by using AVR_FLG and the DC capacitor voltage detection value vdc input from the state controller 101AB2 as additional inputs. The controller 10230, the voltage controller 10231, and the changeover switch 10232 are provided.

  When AVR_FLG is inactive, phase adjustment control of the generator 3 is performed in the same manner as the controller 102A, and when the AVR_FLG is active, DC capacitor voltage control is performed.

  Specifically, when AVR_FLG is active, the operation of the phase adjuster 10206 is stopped, and the voltage controller 10231 configured by the PI controller is executed. AVR_FLG is also input to the changeover switch 10232. When AVR_FLG is active, the output of the voltage controller 10231 is output to the subtractor 10213 as an active current command value, and when AVR_FLG is inactive, the output of the active power controller 10211 is output. The effective current command value is output to the subtracter 10213.

  By providing the above configuration, the controller 102A2 performs PI control calculation on the deviation between the DC capacitor voltage detection value vdc and the DC capacitor voltage command value Vdcref when AVR_FLG is active, and outputs the output to the inverter 5A. By using the effective current command value, the inverter 5A can be controlled so that the DC capacitor voltage matches the command value.

  Next, the controller 102B2 that performs the control calculation of the inverter 5B will be described with reference to FIG.

  In order to avoid redundant description, the difference from the controller 102B of the second embodiment of the present invention will be mainly described.

  The difference between the controller 102B and the controller 102B2 is that the AVR_FLG input from the state controller 101AB2 and the high-pressure side turbine rotation speed detection value N_HPT are additionally input, and the high-pressure side turbine rotation speed detection value N_HPT as a calculator is a constant value. A subtractor 10240 for calculating a difference between a certain high-pressure side turbine rotational speed command value N_HPTref, a torque calculator 10241 for calculating rotational torque output from the inverter 5B to the rotating machine 6, and inputting a deviation of the rotational speed, The speed controller 10242 calculates the torque command value so that the rotational speed of the high-pressure turbine matches the command value by the PI controller, and the torque command value calculated by the speed controller 10242 and the torque calculator 10241 output the torque command value. The output of the subtracter 10243 and subtracter 10243 for calculating the deviation of the torque applied from the inverter 5B to the rotating machine 6 is used as an input, and the torque output from the inverter 5B to the rotating machine 6 by performing PI calculation is a command value. Torque controller 10244 that calculates the effective current command value to match the AVR_FLG, and when AVR_FLG is active, the output of the torque controller 10244 is output to the subtractor 102B13 as the active current command value, and AVR_FLG is In the case of active, a changeover switch that outputs the output of the voltage controller 102B11 to the subtractor 102B13 as an effective current command value is newly provided.

  With the above configuration, the controller 102B2 can control the inverter 5B so that the rotation speed of the high-pressure turbine matches the command value when AVR_FLG is active, and the DC capacitor voltage is constant when AVR_FLG is inactive. By keeping the power to the value, the phase adjusting power of the generator 3 can be supplied to the inverter 5A.

  In the present embodiment, the gas turbine power generation system 1 has been described as a two-shaft gas turbine power generation system, but the same effect can also be achieved with a single-shaft gas turbine power generation system. In this case, since the high-pressure turbine 22 and the rotor of the generator 3 rotate at the same rotational speed, N_LPT may be replaced by N_HPT, and the speed sensor 64 is not necessary.

  In this embodiment, since the DC capacitor voltage is controlled to be constant by the inverter 5A when the gas turbine power generation system 1 is started, it is necessary that an induced voltage is generated in the stator winding of the rotating machine 6 when the inverter 5B is started. No. Therefore, the rotating machine 6 may be an induction machine instead of a synchronous machine.

  As described above, according to the third embodiment of the present invention, in the gas turbine power generation system including the inverter, it is possible to establish the closing condition of the circuit breaker 30 faster than in the conventional gas turbine power generation system, and as a result, the gas turbine The starting time of the power generation system 1 can be shortened.

  In addition, since the power supplied from the inverter 5A to the generator 3 can be supplied by the gas turbine power generation system itself and an expensive direct current power supply is not required, the start time of the gas turbine power generation system can be reduced at a low cost.

  Furthermore, since the high-pressure side turbine rotational speed increasing function at the time of starting the gas turbine can be realized by the rotating machine 6 and the inverters 5A and 5B, the starter motor 4 is unnecessary, and the main circuit configuration of the gas turbine power generation system 1 can be simplified. It becomes possible.

The switching means in the present embodiment is not limited to the configuration of FIG. For example, there may be a device that switches each connection to a branch point of the inverter 5, the generator 3, and the AC system 100. Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 22, there may be a configuration in which a breaker is provided between the breaker 30 and the generator 3 and between the breaker 30 and the inverter 5. Even when these switching means are employed, the connection relationship among the AC system 100, the generator 3, and the power converter 5 is implemented in the same manner as the control procedure described in this embodiment.

  In the third embodiment, the rotating machine 6 is driven by the electric power from the AC system 100 in order to increase the high-pressure side turbine rotational speed. However, in this embodiment, another power generation via a rectifier is used instead, as shown in FIG. A DC power source such as a machine or a storage battery is connected to the DC section between the inverters 5A and 5B, and power is supplied from there. This configuration is effective in an environment where power for starting the starting motor cannot be obtained from the grid.

  In the configuration of the present embodiment, in order to rotate the starter motor with the electric power from the DC power supply 9, first, switching of the inverter 5B is started. At this time, the inverter 5A is not activated or the output command is zero, and if the circuit breaker 32 is present, it is open. After the gas turbine 2 is ignited, the inverter 5B and the DC power source 9 are stopped. When the generator 3 reaches a predetermined number of revolutions or more, the inverter 5 starts switching, closes when there is a circuit breaker 32, and reduces the phase difference between the generator 3 voltage and the AC system voltage with the power from the rotor 6 Thus, the inverter 5 is controlled.

As shown in FIG. 21, a power source for driving the rotating machine 6 may be provided between the inverter 5 and the generator 3 or between the inverter 5B and the rotating machine 6 although not shown in the drawing. In the former case, the circuit breaker 32 is required. The control procedure is the same as that in FIG.

  FIG. 23 shows a configuration example of a power generation system that implements the present embodiment. In this embodiment, at the time of starting, the power supplied to the inverter 5 is obtained from the AC system 100 in order to reduce the phase difference between the generator 3 voltage and the AC system 100 voltage. Since a DC power source and a high-speed motor generator are not required as a power supply source for phase adjustment, it is advantageous in terms of size and cost. Furthermore, the power supplied to the starter of the power source is also taken from the AC system 100, which is advantageous in that a separate generator is not required on the power generation system side.

  Control for balancing the voltage balance and phase difference between the AC system 100 and the generator 3 and means for controlling the power passing through the circuit breaker 30 and the circuit breaker 32 are necessary, for example, a variable resistor is provided in the inverter 5 together. Become.

However, when the power generation system 1 is started, the relationship between the inverter 5, the generator 3, and the circuit breaker 30, which is one of the features of the present embodiment, is basically the same as that of the third embodiment. The control content of the controller 10 that assists the phase adjustment of 3 is performed in the same manner as the power generation system and inverter 5 control procedure in the third embodiment.

1 ... Gas turbine power generation system, 2 ... Gas turbine, 3 ... Generator, 4 ... Start motor, 5, 5A, 5B ... Inverter, 5m, 5n, 5o, 5p, 5q, 5r, 5s, 5t, 5u, 5v, 5w, 5x ... IGBT elements, 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f ... Diode, 7 ... DC power supply, 5g, 5h, 9 ... DC capacitor, 10, 10AB, 10AB2 ... Controller, 20 ... Compressor, 21 ... Combustor, 22 ... High-pressure turbine, 23 ... Low-pressure turbine, 24, 25 ... Shaft, 26 ... IGV, 27 ... Fuel valve, 30, 31, 32 ... Circuit breaker,
60uv, 60vw, 61uv, 61vw, 66uv, 66vw, 67 ... Voltage sensor, 62u, 62w, 65u, 65w ... Current sensor, 63, 64 ... Speed sensor,
100 ... AC system,
101, 101AB, 101AB2 ... State controller, 102, 102AB, 102AB2 ... Inverter controller, 103 ... Gas turbine controller, 102A, 102A2 ... Inverter 5A controller, 102B, 102B2 ...・ Inverter 5B controller,
201, 210, 270, 271 ... Piping,
10201, 10203, 102B03 ... Two-phase / three-phase converter, 10202, 10204, 102B04 ... Phase detector, 10213, 102B13 ... Sine wave generator, 10208 ... Active power calculator, 10209, 102B09・ ・ ・ Α-β converter, 10212, 102B12 ... dq converter, 10206 ... phase adjuster, 10211 ... active power controller, 10220, 102B20 ... arithmetic unit, 10215, 102B15 ...・ Current controller, 10216, 102B16 ... Inverse dq converter, 10217, 102B17 ... Two-phase / three-phase converter, 10218, 102B18 ... PWM controller, 10231 ... DC voltage controller, 102B11, 10231 ... Voltage controller, 10242 ... Speed controller, 10244 ... Torque controller

Claims (13)

A power source, the power source rotating by a compressor that compresses air, a combustor that mixes and burns air and fuel compressed by the compressor, and an expansion force of exhaust gas combusted by the combustor A first turbine for obtaining a force, and a second turbine for obtaining a rotational force by receiving the exhaust gas of the first turbine so as to be rotatable at a different rotational speed from the first turbine, The compression operation is performed by the driving force of the first turbine,
A generator driven by a second turbine constituting the power source;
A first circuit breaker disposed between the generator and the AC system;
A first power converter connected to the generator side of the first circuit breaker,
The first power converter is connected to the generator via a second circuit breaker;
A controller for controlling opening and closing of the first circuit breaker, opening and closing of the second circuit breaker and switching of the first power converter;
The controller switches the first power converter so as to control an output voltage phase of the generator with the first circuit breaker opened and the second circuit breaker closed. A control system for closing the first circuit breaker after adjusting the output voltage phase of the generator. The power generation system according to claim 1,
The power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the controller outputs a command to close the first circuit breaker by using a detection value of a state changed by the output of the first power converter as an input. The power generation system according to claim 2,
The power generation system, wherein the state that changes with the output of the first power converter is a phase difference between a terminal voltage of the generator and a voltage of the AC system. The power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
First voltage detecting means for detecting the voltage on the AC system side of the first circuit breaker;
A second voltage detecting means for detecting a terminal voltage on the generator side of the first circuit breaker,
The controller has the detection signals of the first voltage detection means and the second voltage detection means as inputs,
A power generation system comprising a power converter controller for controlling the first power converter. The power generation system according to claim 3 or 4,
The controller is
The power output from the first power converter to the generator after the first power converter starts switching is controlled to a polarity that reduces a phase difference between the AC system voltage and the generator terminal voltage. Power generation system characterized by The power generation system according to claim 5,
The controller starts the first power converter when the number of rotations of the rotor of the generator exceeds a predetermined value when starting the power generation system, and the terminal voltage of the generator and the AC The power generation system, wherein the first circuit breaker is inserted after the system voltage is synchronized. The power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The first power converter is connected to the generator via a second circuit breaker;
The power generation system, wherein the controller performs control to turn on the first circuit breaker after turning on the second circuit breaker. The power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
The power source is
A compressor for compressing air;
A combustor that mixes and burns the air compressed by the compressor and fuel;
A turbine for obtaining a rotational force by an expansion force of exhaust gas combusted by the combustor;
A shaft for transmitting the rotational force obtained by the turbine to the compressor;
A power generation system comprising a gas turbine. The power generation system according to claim 8, wherein
The gas turbine receives the exhaust gas from the first turbine, the first shaft that mechanically connects the compressor and the first turbine, and obtains rotational force by receiving the exhaust gas from the first turbine. A two-shaft comprising a second turbine, a second shaft that mechanically connects the second turbine and the generator, and a configuration in which the first shaft and the second shaft are independently rotatable A power generation system characterized by being a gas turbine. The power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
The power source has a compressor;
A rotating machine mechanically connected to the same shaft as the compressor;
A second power converter connected to the first power converter;
A capacitor connected between the first power converter and the second power converter,
The power generation system, wherein the rotating machine is connected to the second power converter. The power generation system according to claim 10, wherein
The first power converter is further connected to the AC system of the first circuit breaker,
Two connections: connection between the first power converter and the generator side of the first circuit breaker, and connection between the first power converter and the AC system side of the first circuit breaker A power generation system comprising switching means for switching the connection state of the power generation system. The power generation system according to claim 1 ,
The controller is configured to start the power generation system,
With the rotational speed of the rotor of the generator exceeds a predetermined value,
Disconnect the connection between the first power converter and the AC circuit side of the first circuit breaker,
A gas turbine power generation system that connects the first power converter and the generator side of the first circuit breaker.   A power source, the power source rotating by a compressor that compresses air, a combustor that mixes and burns air and fuel compressed by the compressor, and an expansion force of exhaust gas combusted by the combustor A first turbine for obtaining a force, and a second turbine for obtaining a rotational force by receiving the exhaust gas of the first turbine so as to be rotatable at a different rotational speed from the first turbine, A first turbine disposed between the generator and the AC system; and a generator driven by a second turbine constituting the power source. A circuit breaker and a first power converter connected to the generator side of the first circuit breaker, wherein the first power converter is connected to the generator via a second circuit breaker. Opening and closing of the first circuit breaker, opening and closing of the second circuit breaker and A method of controlling a power generation system having a controller for controlling the serial switching of the first power converter,
  With the first circuit breaker open and the second circuit breaker closed, the first power converter is switched to control the output voltage phase of the generator to output the generator A control method for a power generation system that performs control to close the first circuit breaker after adjusting a voltage phase.

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