JP5473166B2 - Control device for variable speed pumped storage power generator - Google Patents

Control device for variable speed pumped storage power generator Download PDF

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JP5473166B2
JP5473166B2 JP2011551575A JP2011551575A JP5473166B2 JP 5473166 B2 JP5473166 B2 JP 5473166B2 JP 2011551575 A JP2011551575 A JP 2011551575A JP 2011551575 A JP2011551575 A JP 2011551575A JP 5473166 B2 JP5473166 B2 JP 5473166B2
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昭広 森田
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
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    • H02P21/22Current control, e.g. using a current control loop

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Description

本発明は交流励磁同期機を用いた可変速揚水発電装置の制御装置に係り、特に揚水始動運転から揚水運転に切り替えるときの操作を迅速に行なうことのできる可変速揚水発電装置の制御装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a control device for a variable speed pumped storage power generation device using an AC excitation synchronous machine, and more particularly to a control device for a variable speed pumped storage power generation device capable of quickly performing an operation when switching from pumping start operation to pumping operation. It is.

交流励磁同期機を揚水発電システムに応用した可変速揚水発電装置は、従来の同期機に比べて高速・高精度の出力制御ができるようになった。   A variable speed pumped storage power generation system that applies an AC excitation synchronous machine to a pumped storage power generation system can control output at higher speed and higher accuracy than conventional synchronous machines.

この可変速揚水発電装置は、電機子巻線が交流励磁される発電電動機と、発電電動機の電機子巻線軸と同軸で直結されたポンプ水車とを備え、発電電動機を発電機とし、ポンプ水車を水車とすることで発電運転を行い、発電電動機を電動機とし、ポンプ水車をポンプとすることで揚水運転を行なう。   This variable speed pumped-storage power generator includes a generator motor in which an armature winding is AC-excited, and a pump turbine directly connected coaxially with the armature winding shaft of the generator motor. The generator motor is a generator, and the pump turbine is Power generation operation is performed by using a water turbine, pumping operation is performed by using a generator motor as a motor and a pump turbine as a pump.

かつ、発電運転、揚水運転においては、発電電動機の電機子巻線の交流二次励磁を適宜調整し、いわゆるすべり運転を実施することで、それぞれの運転態様に適した回転数での運転が可能となるために高効率の運転を実現できる。   In power generation operation and pumping operation, it is possible to adjust the AC secondary excitation of the armature winding of the generator motor and perform so-called sliding operation so that it can be operated at a rotation speed suitable for each operation mode. Therefore, highly efficient operation can be realized.

さらに、発電運転と揚水運転の間で適宜迅速な切替が行なえるために、電力系統の安定運転に大きく貢献できる。例えば、電力系統に電力不足を発生した場合に、揚水運転を取りやめて発電運転に切り替えれば、運転容量の2倍の電力を調整できることになる。これは電力余剰となった場合に、発電運転を取りやめて揚水運転に切り替える場合にも達成できる効果である。   Furthermore, since appropriate quick switching can be performed between the power generation operation and the pumping operation, it can greatly contribute to the stable operation of the power system. For example, when power shortage occurs in the power system, if the pumping operation is canceled and the operation is switched to the power generation operation, the electric power that is twice the operation capacity can be adjusted. This is an effect that can also be achieved when the power surplus is canceled and the power generation operation is canceled and switched to the pumping operation.

この運転モードの切替えを迅速に行なえることが、電力系統の安定運転に大きく貢献できることになる。この切替えのうち、発電から揚水への切替段階つまり、発電停止・揚水始動段階においては、交流励磁同期機を同期機特性運転とすることが適している。このため、可変速揚水発電装置に同期機特性運転モードを設け、安全かつ操作可能な発電停止・及び揚水始動を実現している。   The ability to quickly switch the operation mode can greatly contribute to stable operation of the power system. Of these switching operations, it is suitable that the AC-excited synchronous machine is operated as a synchronous machine characteristic operation at the switching stage from power generation to pumping, that is, at the power generation stop / pumping start stage. For this reason, the variable speed pumped storage power generator is provided with a synchronous machine characteristic operation mode to realize a safe and operable power generation stop and pumping start.

このように、揚水始動段階においては同期機特性運転とし、その後の揚水運転においては、すべり運転を実施することが望ましく、このためには特許文献1に提案されているように、揚水始動から揚水運転への移行時に、同期機特性運転からすべり運転へ移行する際、位相が連続となるように調整動作を行なう必要がある。これにより、切替時に、システムが不安定となることを避けられる。   Thus, it is desirable to perform synchronous machine characteristic operation in the pumping start stage, and to perform slip operation in the subsequent pumping operation, and for this purpose, as proposed in Patent Document 1, At the time of shifting to operation, it is necessary to perform an adjustment operation so that the phase is continuous when shifting from synchronous machine characteristic operation to sliding operation. As a result, the system can be prevented from becoming unstable at the time of switching.

特許第3050936号(特開平5―284798号)Japanese Patent No. 3050936 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-284798)

一般に、揚水始動時の同期機特性運転における位相誤差と、揚水運転時のすべり運転における位相誤差とは相違する。この位相誤差の大きさによっては可変速揚水発電装置の運転を不安定にするため、特許文献1では、揚水始動完了後などに同期機特性運転モードからすべり運転モードへ切り替える場合は、励磁電流指令演算装置に入力するq軸電流成分Iqを調整することで切替前後の位相が連続となるようにしている。   Generally, the phase error in the synchronous machine characteristic operation at the start of pumping is different from the phase error in the sliding operation during the pumping operation. In order to make the operation of the variable speed pumped storage power generator unstable depending on the magnitude of this phase error, in Patent Document 1, when switching from the synchronous machine characteristic operation mode to the sliding operation mode after completion of pumping start, an excitation current command By adjusting the q-axis current component Iq input to the arithmetic unit, the phase before and after switching is made continuous.

しかし、揚水始動完了後などにq軸電流成分Iqを調整するこの操作には時間を要するため、同期機特性運転モードからすべり運転モードへの移行がスムーズに行なえない。   However, this operation of adjusting the q-axis current component Iq after completion of pumping start or the like takes time, so the transition from the synchronous machine characteristic operation mode to the sliding operation mode cannot be performed smoothly.

本発明の目的は、このモード切替えをより短時間で実行することによって、可変速揚水発電システムの運用性を向上することである。   An object of the present invention is to improve the operability of the variable speed pumped storage power generation system by executing this mode switching in a shorter time.

本発明においては、一次巻線が交流系統に接続され、その回転軸がポンプ水車に直結されるとともに二次巻線が周波数変換装置により励磁される交流励磁同期機と、自動有効電力制御装置の与えるq軸電流成分指令Iqと、自動電圧制御装置により決定されるd軸電流成分指令Idを得、位相信号と合成して周波数変換装置に対する励磁電流指令値を求める励磁電流指令演算装置と、交流系統の電圧位相と交流励磁同期機の回転子電機角との差としてすべり位相信号を求めるすべり位相演算器と、目標周波数信号から同期励磁位相信号を得る発信器出力演算器と、交流励磁同期機のすべり運転モードにおいて、すべり位相演算器のすべり位相信号を位相信号として励磁電流指令演算装置に与え、交流励磁同期機の同期特性運転モードにおいて、発信器出力演算器の同期励磁位相信号を位相信号として励磁電流指令演算装置に与える出力演算器とから構成される可変速揚水発電装置の制御装置において、交流励磁同期機を同期特性運転モードとして揚水始動を行い、その後交流励磁同期機をすべり運転モードとして揚水運転に切替え移行する場合に、揚水始動段階において、発信器出力演算器の同期励磁位相信号をすべり位相信号に近い値に修正する修正部を備える。   In the present invention, the primary winding is connected to the AC system, the rotary shaft is directly connected to the pump turbine, and the secondary winding is excited by the frequency converter, and the automatic active power control device An excitation current command calculation device that obtains a q-axis current component command Iq to be given and a d-axis current component command Id determined by the automatic voltage control device and combines with a phase signal to obtain an excitation current command value for the frequency converter; A slip phase calculator that obtains a slip phase signal as the difference between the voltage phase of the system and the rotor electrical machine angle of the AC excitation synchronous machine, a transmitter output calculator that obtains a synchronous excitation phase signal from the target frequency signal, and an AC excitation synchronous machine In the slip operation mode, the slip phase signal of the slip phase calculator is applied as a phase signal to the excitation current command calculator, and in the synchronous characteristics operation mode of the AC excitation synchronous machine. In a control device for a variable speed pumped storage power generation device comprising an output calculator for supplying an excitation current command calculation device as a phase signal with a synchronous excitation phase signal of a transmitter output calculator, pumping with an AC excitation synchronous machine as a synchronous characteristic operation mode Correction unit that corrects the synchronous excitation phase signal of the transmitter output calculator to a value close to the slip phase signal at the pumping start stage when starting and then switching to the pumping operation with the AC excitation synchronous machine as the slip operation mode Is provided.

また修正部は、すべり位相信号と同期励磁位相信号の差信号の逆三角関数として位相誤差を求め、これに同期特性運転モードにあるときに1以下の値を乗算して三角関数を求め、同期励磁位相信号の位相シフト演算を行なうのがよい。   The correction unit obtains the phase error as an inverse trigonometric function of the difference signal between the slip phase signal and the synchronous excitation phase signal, and multiplies this by a value of 1 or less when in the synchronous characteristic operation mode to obtain the trigonometric function. It is preferable to perform a phase shift calculation of the excitation phase signal.

可変速揚水発電装置において、同期機特性運転からすべり運転への切替えが短時間かつスムーズに行なえるようになるため、可変速揚水発電装置の運用性が向上する。   In the variable speed pumped storage power generation apparatus, switching from the synchronous machine characteristic operation to the sliding operation can be performed in a short time and smoothly, so that the operability of the variable speed pumped storage power generation apparatus is improved.

本発明における位相誤差補正方法の一実施例を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows one Example of the phase error correction method in this invention. 本発明による交流励磁発電動動装置の実施例が適用された揚水発電システムのブロック図である。[BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS] It is a block diagram of the pumped-storage power generation system with which the Example of the alternating current excitation electric power generating apparatus by this invention was applied.

以下、本発明による可変速揚水発電装置について、図を用いて詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, a variable speed pumped storage power generator according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

まず、可変速揚水発電置とその制御系の構成について図2を用いて説明する。   First, the configuration of the variable speed pumped storage power plant and its control system will be described with reference to FIG.

可変速揚水発電置の主回路構成から説明する。主回路は、大きく交流励磁同期機5と、ポンプ水車4と、周波数変換装置6から構成される。交流励磁同期機5は、一次巻線が同期遮断器2、主要変圧器3を介して交流系統1に接続され、その回転軸はポンプ水車4に直結されている。また、交流励磁同期機5の二次巻線である電機子巻線は、その回転軸上に巻かれると共に周波数変換装置6により励磁される。周波数変換装置6としては、3組の12相非循環電流方式サイクロコンバータ8と、励磁用変圧器7からなり、励磁用変圧器7は、主要変圧器3と、同期遮断器2の接続点に接続されて電力供給を受ける。   The main circuit configuration of the variable speed pumped storage power generator will be described. The main circuit is mainly composed of an AC excitation synchronous machine 5, a pump turbine 4, and a frequency converter 6. The AC excitation synchronous machine 5 has a primary winding connected to the AC system 1 via a synchronous circuit breaker 2 and a main transformer 3, and a rotating shaft directly connected to the pump turbine 4. In addition, the armature winding that is the secondary winding of the AC excitation synchronous machine 5 is wound on the rotating shaft and excited by the frequency conversion device 6. The frequency converter 6 includes three sets of 12-phase non-circulating current type cycloconverters 8 and an excitation transformer 7. The excitation transformer 7 is connected to the connection point of the main transformer 3 and the synchronous circuit breaker 2. Connected to receive power.

次に、制御系であるが最終操作端としては、サイクロコンバータの点弧位相を制御して電機子巻線の励磁量を制御する。励磁量は、自動有効電力制御装置15(APR)と、自動電圧制御装置16(AVR)により決定される。自動有効電力制御装置15(APR)は、有効電力目標値と出力センサ28で検出した交流系統1の有効電力を比較演算し、その出力を用いてIq制御器22を介して、q軸電流成分指令Iqを得る。自動電圧制御装置16(AVR)は、電圧目標値と出力センサ28で検出した交流系統1の電圧を比較演算し、d軸電流成分指令Idを得る。   Next, as the final operating end of the control system, the amount of excitation of the armature winding is controlled by controlling the ignition phase of the cycloconverter. The excitation amount is determined by the automatic active power control device 15 (APR) and the automatic voltage control device 16 (AVR). The automatic active power control device 15 (APR) compares the active power target value and the active power of the AC system 1 detected by the output sensor 28, and uses the output to compare the q-axis current component via the Iq controller 22. Command Iq is obtained. The automatic voltage control device 16 (AVR) compares the voltage target value with the voltage of the AC system 1 detected by the output sensor 28 to obtain a d-axis current component command Id.

電流指令(Iq、Id)は、励磁電流指令演算装置27に与えられ、すべり位相検出器12からのすべり位相信号θsと合成して、サイクロコンバータ8の各相の励磁電流指令値となる。励磁電流制御装置23は、励磁電流検出値と励磁電流指令値が一致するように自動パルス移相器24に点弧角指令を出力する構成となっている。   The current command (Iq, Id) is given to the excitation current command calculation device 27 and is combined with the slip phase signal θs from the slip phase detector 12 to become an excitation current command value for each phase of the cycloconverter 8. The excitation current control device 23 is configured to output a firing angle command to the automatic pulse phase shifter 24 so that the excitation current detection value and the excitation current command value match.

ここで、励磁電流指令演算装置27について、より詳細に説明すると、これはすべり位相検出器12からのすべり位相信号θsと共に回転する3相交流電流指令の振幅と位相を互いに直交する2軸の電流指令(Iq、Id)により調整している。このように、本システムでは基準となるすべり位相信号θsから交流励磁電流指令値を作っている。   Here, the excitation current command calculating device 27 will be described in more detail. This is a biaxial current in which the amplitude and phase of the three-phase alternating current command rotating together with the slip phase signal θs from the slip phase detector 12 are orthogonal to each other. It is adjusted by the command (Iq, Id). Thus, in this system, the AC excitation current command value is created from the reference slip phase signal θs.

すべり位相検出器12は、すべり位相信号θs算出のために、2組の検出系統を備える。1組の検出系統は、交流系統1の電圧位相θvを検出するための電圧変成器9と系統電圧正相演算器11であり、他の検出系統は交流励磁同期機5の回転子電機角θrを検出するレゾルバ装置10と回転位相正相演算器26である。すべり位相演算器13は、電圧位相θvと回転子電機角θrの差としてすべり位相θs(=θv―θr)を求め、すべり位相θsとともに一定振幅で正弦波状に変化する位相信号を演算する。なお、系統電圧正相演算器11と回転位相正相演算器26は、外部デイジタル入力「揚水/発電」によって回転方向切替え演算を行なう。   The slip phase detector 12 includes two sets of detection systems for calculating the slip phase signal θs. One set of detection systems is a voltage transformer 9 and a system voltage positive phase calculator 11 for detecting the voltage phase θv of the AC system 1, and the other detection system is a rotor electrical machine angle θr of the AC excitation synchronous machine 5. These are the resolver device 10 and the rotational phase normal phase calculator 26. The slip phase calculator 13 calculates a slip phase θs (= θv−θr) as a difference between the voltage phase θv and the rotor electrical machine angle θr, and calculates a phase signal that changes in a sinusoidal shape with a constant amplitude together with the slip phase θs. The system voltage positive phase calculator 11 and the rotational phase positive phase calculator 26 perform a rotation direction switching calculation by an external digital input “pumping / power generation”.

図2のすべり位相演算器13からの出力ラインには2本の斜め線が記載されているが、これは3相交流信号を意味しており、この内容はすべり位相信号θsである。すべり位相演算器13には、すべり周波数演算器14、位相補償量演算器17、位相補償演算器18も記載されているが、これらは本発明には直接関与しないのでここでの説明を省略するが、要するにすべり位相演算器13のすべり位相信号θsが出力演算器19に導かれている。図2では出力演算器19に導かれたすべり位相信号θsに記号112を付している。   Although two diagonal lines are described in the output line from the slip phase calculator 13 in FIG. 2, this means a three-phase AC signal, and this content is the slip phase signal θs. The slip phase calculator 13 also includes a slip frequency calculator 14, a phase compensation amount calculator 17, and a phase compensation calculator 18, which are not directly related to the present invention and are not described here. In short, however, the slip phase signal θs of the slip phase calculator 13 is guided to the output calculator 19. In FIG. 2, the symbol 112 is added to the slip phase signal θs led to the output computing unit 19.

他方、発信器出力演算器20から出力演算器19に向かう出力ラインにも2本の斜め線が記載されているが、これは3相交流信号を意味しており、この内容は同期励磁位相信号111である。   On the other hand, two diagonal lines are also shown in the output line from the transmitter output computing unit 20 to the output computing unit 19, which means a three-phase AC signal, and this content is a synchronous excitation phase signal. 111.

このように、出力演算器19には2組の位相信号が入力されており、交流励磁同期機をすべり運転するときには、すべり位相信号112を選択し、同期特性運転をするときには同期励磁位相信号111を選択して、励磁電流指令演算装置27における励磁基準位相としている。なお、すべり位相信号112は可変位相の信号であり、同期励磁位相信号111は固定位相の信号であることは言うまでもない。   In this way, two sets of phase signals are input to the output computing unit 19, and the slip phase signal 112 is selected when the AC excitation synchronous machine is in sliding operation, and the synchronization excitation phase signal 111 is selected when performing synchronous characteristic operation. Is selected as the excitation reference phase in the excitation current command calculation device 27. Needless to say, the slip phase signal 112 is a variable phase signal, and the synchronous excitation phase signal 111 is a fixed phase signal.

本発明においては、揚水始動段階から揚水運転への円滑な切替えを意図しているが、揚水始動段階では同期特性運転をするために同期励磁位相信号111を選択し、その後揚水運転ではすべり運転をするためにすべり位相信号112に切替えることになる。然しながら、同期励磁位相信号111は、すべり位相信号112とは一般には等しくない。このための位相合わせ調整を、特許文献1ではすべり運転モードに移行した後でIq制御器22で行っていたために、安定までに時間がかかるという問題があった。   In the present invention, the smooth switching from the pumping start stage to the pumping operation is intended, but in the pumping start stage, the synchronous excitation phase signal 111 is selected to perform the synchronous characteristic operation, and then the sliding operation is performed in the pumping operation. Therefore, the slip phase signal 112 is switched to. However, the synchronous excitation phase signal 111 is generally not equal to the slip phase signal 112. For this reason, the phase alignment adjustment is performed by the Iq controller 22 after shifting to the sliding operation mode in Patent Document 1, so that there is a problem that it takes time to stabilize.

本発明では、揚水始動段階の同期特性運転中に、同期励磁位相信号111をすべり位相信号112に近づける操作を行なうことにより、その後揚水運転に入ったときにはすべり位相信号112に近いところからスタートさせることにより安定移行させるというものである。本発明の上記の操作は、同期励磁位相信号111を作成する発信器出力演算器20において実施される。   In the present invention, the operation of bringing the synchronous excitation phase signal 111 closer to the slip phase signal 112 during the synchronous characteristic operation at the pumping start stage is started from a position close to the slip phase signal 112 when the pumping operation is started thereafter. To make a stable transition. The above operation of the present invention is performed in the transmitter output computing unit 20 that creates the synchronous excitation phase signal 111.

図2は、発信器出力演算器20とその周辺回路を記載した本発明の実施例図である。発信器出力演算器20には、図1の状態切替論理25から目標周波数信号110が与えられ、同期励磁用発信器108、位相シフト演算部109を介して同期励磁位相信号111とされる。このようにして求められた同期励磁位相信号111は、固定位相の信号である。なお、位相シフト演算部109からの同期励磁位相信号111は、位相補償量演算部17、位相補償演算部18にて修正されるが、この部分の機能は本発明には直接関与しないので説明を省略する。   FIG. 2 is an embodiment of the present invention in which the transmitter output calculator 20 and its peripheral circuits are described. A target frequency signal 110 is given to the transmitter output calculator 20 from the state switching logic 25 of FIG. 1 and is set as a synchronous excitation phase signal 111 via the synchronous excitation transmitter 108 and the phase shift calculator 109. The synchronous excitation phase signal 111 thus obtained is a fixed phase signal. The synchronous excitation phase signal 111 from the phase shift calculation unit 109 is corrected by the phase compensation amount calculation unit 17 and the phase compensation calculation unit 18, but the function of this part is not directly related to the present invention. Omitted.

位相シフト演算部109の他入力部分が、本発明に関わる部分であり、この信号により同期励磁用発信器108の出力を修正する。この修正は、位相誤差演算部101の出力に応じて実施される。位相誤差演算部101には、すべり位相信号112と同期励磁位相信号111が与えられ、すべり位相信号112を基準とする位相信号の差信号29が導かれる。さらに逆三角関数演算部102において、位相信号の逆三角関数が求められ、大きさで表される位相誤差信号とされる。大きさで表された位相誤差信号には、乗算器104で適宜の係数が乗じられ、三角関数演算部107において再度位相信号に復元される。位相シフト演算部109では、同期励磁用発信器108の与える基準位相が、三角関数演算部107の与える修正位相の分だけ、位相シフトが行なわれる。   The other input part of the phase shift calculation unit 109 is a part related to the present invention, and the output of the synchronous excitation transmitter 108 is corrected by this signal. This correction is performed according to the output of the phase error calculation unit 101. The phase error calculation unit 101 is supplied with the slip phase signal 112 and the synchronous excitation phase signal 111, and a phase signal difference signal 29 based on the slip phase signal 112 is derived. Further, in the inverse trigonometric function calculation unit 102, an inverse trigonometric function of the phase signal is obtained and used as a phase error signal expressed in magnitude. The phase error signal represented by the magnitude is multiplied by an appropriate coefficient by the multiplier 104 and restored to the phase signal again by the trigonometric function calculation unit 107. In the phase shift calculation unit 109, the reference phase given by the synchronous excitation transmitter 108 is shifted by the amount corresponding to the correction phase given by the trigonometric function calculation unit 107.

本発明では、乗算器104のゲインをゲイン切替器103で切り替える。すべり運転モードの場合のゲインは「1」とされるが、同期機特性運転モードでは「1」より小さい値の「KD」とされる。   In the present invention, the gain of the multiplier 104 is switched by the gain switch 103. The gain in the sliding operation mode is “1”, but in the synchronous machine characteristic operation mode, the gain is “KD” which is smaller than “1”.

以上のように構成された本発明回路では、概略以下のように機能する。まず、揚水始動段階では、同期機特性運転を行なうためにゲイン切替器103は「1」より小さい値の「KD」として、例えば0.1を位相誤差信号29に乗算する。この結果、目標周波数信号110で決定された同期励磁位相信号111は、0.1相当分だけ位相信号がシフトして、すべり位相信号112に近い値に修正されて、位相誤差演算部101に帰還される。更にこのときの位相誤差信号29に0.1が乗算されて、同期励磁位相信号111は、0.1相当分だけ位相信号がシフトして、すべり位相信号112に近い値に修正される。以降この繰り返しにより、出力演算器19に与えられる同期励磁位相信号111は、すべり位相信号112に近づいていく。   The circuit of the present invention configured as described above generally functions as follows. First, in the pumping start stage, in order to perform the synchronous machine characteristic operation, the gain switch 103 multiplies the phase error signal 29 by, for example, 0.1 as “KD” having a value smaller than “1”. As a result, the synchronous excitation phase signal 111 determined by the target frequency signal 110 is corrected to a value close to the slip phase signal 112 by shifting the phase signal by an amount corresponding to 0.1 and fed back to the phase error calculation unit 101. Is done. Further, the phase error signal 29 at this time is multiplied by 0.1, and the synchronous excitation phase signal 111 is corrected to a value close to the slip phase signal 112 by shifting the phase signal by an amount corresponding to 0.1. Thereafter, by repeating this process, the synchronous excitation phase signal 111 given to the output computing unit 19 approaches the slip phase signal 112.

なお、同期励磁位相信号111とすべり位相信号112はある程度近づけば十分であり、この結果、揚水運転モードに移行したときには位相誤差が小さい状態であるので安定に速やかに切替えが実施できることになる。また、ゲインKDの大きさにもよるが、この修正動作は揚水始動段階の比較的短い期間で完了し、この結果交流励磁同期機5は、すべり位相信号112に近い、固定位相の同期励磁位相信号111で運転継続されることになる。   It is sufficient that the synchronous excitation phase signal 111 and the slip phase signal 112 are close to each other to some extent. As a result, the phase error is small when shifting to the pumping operation mode, so that stable and prompt switching can be performed. Further, although depending on the magnitude of the gain KD, this correction operation is completed in a relatively short period of the pumping start stage, and as a result, the AC excitation synchronous machine 5 is in the fixed phase synchronous excitation phase close to the slip phase signal 112. The operation is continued by the signal 111.

以上のゲイン操作の説明は、同期特性運転モード31を行なっているときのものであったが、図1の回路においてすべり運転モード30では、ゲイン切替器103はゲイン「1」を乗算器104の位相誤差29に与える。この結果、位相シフト演算109では、位相誤差29がそのまま補正されることになり、同期励磁位相信号111としてはすべり位相信号111が出力されたと同じ形となる。このようにして、すべり運転モードから同期機特性運転モードへの位相連続の切替のための待機が実現される。   The above description of the gain operation was performed when the synchronous characteristic operation mode 31 was performed. However, in the sliding operation mode 30 in the circuit of FIG. 1, the gain switch 103 sets the gain “1” to the multiplier 104. This is given to the phase error 29. As a result, in the phase shift calculation 109, the phase error 29 is corrected as it is, and the synchronous excitation phase signal 111 has the same form as when the slip phase signal 111 is output. In this way, standby for switching the phase continuation from the slip operation mode to the synchronous machine characteristic operation mode is realized.

本発明によれば、揚水始動から揚水運転への切替が安定に早く行なえるので、可変速揚水発電装置として広く利用することができる。   According to the present invention, the switching from the pumping start to the pumping operation can be performed quickly and stably, so that it can be widely used as a variable speed pumped storage power generation device.

1 交流系統
2 同期遮断器
3 主要変圧器
4 ポンプ水車
5 交流励磁同機器
6 周波数変換装置
7 励磁用変圧器
8 半導体電力変換器(サイクロコンバータ)
9 電圧変成器
10 レゾルバ装置
11 系統電圧正相演算器
12 すべり位相検出器
13 すべり位相演算器
14 すべり周波数演算器
15 自動有効電力制御装置(APR)
16 自動電圧制御装置(AVR)
17 位相補償量演算器
18 位相補償演算器
19 出力演算器
20 発振器出力演算器
21 Iq調整演算機
22 Iq制御器
23 励磁電流制御装置
24 自動パルス移相器(APPS)
25 状態切替論理部
26 回転位相正相演算器
27 励磁電流指令演算装置
28 出力センサ
29 位相誤差
30 すべり運転モード
31 同期機特性運転モード
101 位相誤差演算部
102 逆三角関数演算部
103 ゲイン切替器
107 三角関数演算部
108 同期励磁用発振器
109 位相シフト演算部
111 同期励磁位相信号
112 すべり位相信号
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 AC system 2 Synchronous circuit breaker 3 Main transformer 4 Pump turbine 5 AC excitation same equipment 6 Frequency converter 7 Excitation transformer 8 Semiconductor power converter (cycloconverter)
9 Voltage transformer 10 Resolver device 11 System voltage positive phase calculator 12 Slip phase detector 13 Slip phase calculator 14 Slip frequency calculator 15 Automatic active power controller (APR)
16 Automatic voltage controller (AVR)
17 phase compensation calculator 18 phase compensation calculator 19 output calculator 20 oscillator output calculator 21 Iq adjustment calculator 22 Iq controller 23 excitation current controller 24 automatic pulse phase shifter (APPS)
25 State switching logic unit 26 Rotation phase normal phase computing unit 27 Excitation current command computing unit 28 Output sensor 29 Phase error 30 Sliding operation mode 31 Synchronous machine characteristic operation mode 101 Phase error computing unit 102 Inverse trigonometric function computing unit 103 Gain switching unit 107 Trigonometric function calculation unit 108 Synchronous excitation oscillator 109 Phase shift calculation unit 111 Synchronous excitation phase signal 112 Slip phase signal

Claims (2)

一次巻線が交流系統に接続され、その回転軸がポンプ水車に直結されるとともに二次巻線が周波数変換装置により励磁される交流励磁同期機と、自動有効電力制御装置の与えるq軸電流成分指令lqと、自動電圧制御装置により決定されるd軸電流成分指令ldを得、位相信号と合成して前記周波数変換装置に対する励磁電流指令値を求める励磁電流指令演算装置と、前記交流系統の電圧位相と前記交流励磁同期機の回転子電機角との差として可変位相のすべり位相信号を求めるすべり位相演算器と、目標周波数信号から固定位相の同期励磁位相信号を得る発信器出力演算器と、前記交流励磁同期機のすべり運転モードにおいて、前記すべり位相演算器のすべり位相信号を前記位相信号として前記励磁電流指令演算装置に与え、前記交流励磁同期機の同期特性運転モードにおいて、前記発信器出力演算器の同期励磁位相信号を前記位相信号として前記励磁電流指令演算装置に与える出力演算器とから構成される可変速揚水発電装置の制御装置において、
前記交流励磁同期機を同期特性運転モードとして揚水始動を行い、その後前記交流励磁同期機をすべり運転モードとして揚水運転に切替え移行する場合に、揚水始動段階において、前記発信器出力演算器の同期励磁位相信号を前記すべり位相信号に近い値に修正する修正部を備えることを特徴とする可変速揚水発電装置の制御装置。
An AC excitation synchronous machine in which the primary winding is connected to the AC system, its rotating shaft is directly connected to the pump turbine and the secondary winding is excited by the frequency converter, and the q-axis current component provided by the automatic active power control device A command lq, a d-axis current component command ld determined by the automatic voltage controller, and an excitation current command calculation device for obtaining an excitation current command value for the frequency converter by combining with a phase signal, and a voltage of the AC system A slip phase calculator for obtaining a variable phase slip phase signal as a difference between the phase and the rotor electrical machine angle of the AC excitation synchronous machine, a transmitter output calculator for obtaining a fixed phase synchronous excitation phase signal from a target frequency signal, In the slip operation mode of the AC excitation synchronous machine, the slip phase signal of the slip phase calculator is given to the excitation current command calculation device as the phase signal, In the period characteristic operating mode, the control device configured variable-speed pumped-storage power generator synchronized excitation phase signal of the transmitter output calculator and an output calculator giving the excitation current command calculation unit as the phase signal,
When performing pumping start with the AC excitation synchronous machine as the synchronous characteristic operation mode and then switching to the pumping operation with the AC excitation synchronous machine as the sliding operation mode, in the pumping start stage, synchronous excitation of the transmitter output computing unit is performed. A control device for a variable speed pumped storage power generator, comprising: a correction unit that corrects a phase signal to a value close to the slip phase signal.
請求項1記載の可変速揚水発電装置の制御装置において、
前記修正部は、前記すべり位相信号と前記同期励磁位相信号の差信号の逆三角関数として位相誤差を求め、これに同期特性運転モードにあるときに1以下の値を乗算して三角関数を求め、前記同期励磁位相信号の位相シフト演算を行なうことを特徴とする可変速揚水発電装置の制御装置。
In the control device of the variable speed pumped storage power generator according to claim 1,
The correction unit obtains a phase error as an inverse trigonometric function of a difference signal between the slip phase signal and the synchronous excitation phase signal, and obtains a trigonometric function by multiplying this by a value of 1 or less when in the synchronous characteristic operation mode. A control device for a variable speed pumped storage power generation device, wherein a phase shift operation of the synchronous excitation phase signal is performed.
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JPH05284798A (en) * 1991-03-08 1993-10-29 Hitachi Ltd Ac-excited dynamotor
JPH08107683A (en) * 1994-10-03 1996-04-23 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Drive controller of motor and insulation type bidirectional dc voltage converting circuit
JP2000134973A (en) * 1998-10-26 2000-05-12 Hitachi Ltd Control device of brushless motor

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05284798A (en) * 1991-03-08 1993-10-29 Hitachi Ltd Ac-excited dynamotor
JPH08107683A (en) * 1994-10-03 1996-04-23 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Drive controller of motor and insulation type bidirectional dc voltage converting circuit
JP2000134973A (en) * 1998-10-26 2000-05-12 Hitachi Ltd Control device of brushless motor

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