JP6034951B2 - Building systems that provide structural integrity and seismic capacity - Google Patents

Description

(Related application)
Enjoy the priority of US Provisional Application No. 61 / 573,943 filed on September 15, 2011 Receive the priority of US Provisional Application No. 61 / 685,793 filed on March 26, 2012 September 2012 Enjoy the priority of US Application No. 13 / 850,984, filed March 26, 2013, which is a continuation-in-part of US Application No. 13 / 613,441, filed 13 days. All of these disclosures are incorporated herein by reference.

(Technical field)
The present disclosure relates to storm-resistant components, residences, and commercial structures that are enhanced to withstand the harmful forces imposed by storms, heavy rains, torsional forces, and seismic events.

  This section presents information behind this disclosure, but this is not necessarily prior art.

  Hurricanes and tornadoes are well known to cause storms that can damage and / or destroy standard residential and commercial structures. Storm winds are known to move and / or damage the main sealing system of roofing boards, roofing materials, wallboards, and decorative boards. Furthermore, storms are well known to lift all roof systems and blow down and / or suck walls.

  The winds associated with tornadoes and hurricane storms, including destructive, include straight winds and other destructive forces, apply torsional forces to the structure, effectively twisting it apart. Tornados and hurricane storms also blow against structures with seismic style forces, effectively reducing the holding power of conventional fasteners such as nails and screws. In addition, tornado storms contain vortices and, in some cases, several small vortices inside large vortices, resulting in wind spiral shells, which are known to apply impact forces to structures. Dynamic walls, and may not only spray the structure, but may in fact impact the structure and / or collapse the structure.

  Observations of tornado storm generation suggest that the vortex travels in an unusual, unpredictable and unexplainable periodically changing pattern and / or path. Due to the periodically changing pattern that moves relative to the ground, when the rotating wind blows around the structure with a sudden change of direction, the rotating wind causes a force that collides with the walls acting on the structure. . As a result, frame-type structures usually suffer significant damage from direct tornado impacts regardless of the magnitude and magnitude of the storm.

  Furthermore, storms are well known to result in droughts that are substantially rainy, and can affect structures even before building components are broken and / or damaged. Apart from the obvious inflow opportunities due to window cracks and / or other damaged building components, storms have resulted in rain blowing through the functional vents of the undamaged roof system, resulting in actual It is known that water damage can occur even if there is little or no structural damage.

  In addition to wind and rain hazards, the generation of intense winds adds seismic forces to buildings that are not much different from earthquake forces. One reason that frame-type buildings seem to explode apart is that, in part, conventional nails and / or screw fasteners can be significantly weakened to reduce their holding power when subjected to seismic forces. To lose. As a result, once the conventional nail and screw retention is compromised, subsequent wind, rain, torsion, and / or seismic forces will in effect significantly affect the building.

  A number of known techniques are presented in the patent records, which address various storms or tornado windstorms by asserting the use of any one of a plurality of reinforcing components. . However, one major problem of all known examples is that they are generally unsuitable for our do-it-yourself culture and not cost effective in a mass consumer society.

  Another problem of the known example is a structural reinforcement system including means for providing a secondary sealing system for a structure when the primary sealing system of the roofing board and / or wallboard of the structure is damaged. There is no patent record concerning.

  Another problem with the known example is that patent records relating to structural reinforcement systems including means for providing torsional and seismic resistance to structural systems by utilizing basic frame-type structural elements It does not exist.

  The patent records include several well-known examples of systems that minimize water intrusion damage due to storms, but again this is generally not suitable for our do-it-yourself culture and is cost-effective in a mass consumer society. Useless in terms of In addition, known examples improve the structural integrity of framed buildings that resist destructive torsional forces due to storms and against destructive seismic forces due to the occurrence of storms or other earthquakes. Some reinforcement function for is not presented. Furthermore, conventional sealing systems do not present a secondary sealing system if the primary sealing system is damaged.

  This section presents an overview of the disclosure and is not an exhaustive disclosure of the full scope or all its features.

  The present invention solves known problems in a manner that can be easily noticed and understood by those skilled in the art. Further, the present disclosure provides features and functions relating to many other uses besides the disclosed preferred embodiments that can be readily understood by those skilled in the art and embody the spirit of the present invention.

  One preferred embodiment of the present invention provides for the destruction of hurricanes or tornadoes when certain areas are improved and substantially enhanced to apply linear winds, torsional forces, and / or seismic forces. The present invention relates to an on-site or prefabricated structure suitable for general dwelling that has been able to withstand typical wind power. Also, one preferred embodiment is used to maintain an appropriate barrier against rainwater that flows in and rain that blows in the event of a storm when the primary water shield by the roof and / or wallboard is damaged. Provides a secondary watertight seal.

It is understood that secondary weather seals require that the structure must maintain proper structural integrity, and therefore, for this purpose, a series of structural reinforcement functions are used, To maintain the integrity of the structure. The structural strengthening system is composed of multiple subsystems, all working together to jointly enhance the structural integrity of the structure. These subsystems are not limited,
-Anchor system-Wall reinforcement system-Rafter / beam restraint system-Wind beam system-Diaphragm reinforcement system-Wall seating system-Roof deck system-Ventilation system-Window / door protection seal system-Includes safe room system.

  Those skilled in the art will appreciate that many typical structures require all the described subsystems to strengthen the structure against storms, but some complex structures may require additional It can be easily understood that a special subsystem may be required, while an uncomplicated structure only requires a part of the subsystem. Each subsystem is briefly described below.

  Other applicable areas should become apparent from the description herein. The summary descriptions and specific examples are for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.

  The drawings described herein are illustrative of selected embodiments and are not all possible implementations and do not limit the scope of the disclosure.

It is a perspective view of the front left side of a building anchor system. FIG. 2 is a front left perspective view of the building of FIG. 1 including a wall reinforcement system. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the front left side of region 3 in FIG. FIG. 2 is a front left perspective view of a portion of the building of FIG. 1 modified to show the upper and lower structures joined with floor joists. It is a perspective view of the front right side of the area | region 5 of FIG. It is a perspective view of the front bottom part of a truss assembly. FIG. 3 is a front left perspective view of a building similar to FIG. 2 further including a wall seating system. It is a perspective view of the front left side of a roofing board system. It is a front view of the roofing board system of FIG. FIG. 10 is an end view of a cross section taken at section 10 of FIG. 9. FIG. 11 is an end view of a cross section modified from FIG. 10 to show the ventilation system. 1 is a schematic front view of a building window / door protection seal system. FIG. FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the front right side of the building of FIG. 12 modified to include an internal windproof safe room. FIG. 3 is a left front perspective view of a blocking brace subassembly used to construct a series of compression blocking of a roof system or wall system. FIG. 15 is a left front perspective view of a series of compression blockings having a plurality of the blocking brace subassemblies of FIG. 14. FIG. 15 is a front perspective view of a series of compression blockings applied to a wall system with a blocking brace subassembly similar to FIG. 14. FIG. 7 is a top perspective view of a gable wall of a roof system supported against ceiling beams and roof system building elements. 1 is an end perspective view of a reinforced diaphragm system. FIG. FIG. 5 is a side perspective view of an inner corner of a wall system featuring a transverse corner brace reinforcement assembly. FIG. 4 is a side perspective view from the outside through a corner of a wall structure having a transverse corner brace reinforcement assembly and a diaphragm system applied to the roof system. FIG. 6 is a front view of a transverse corner brace reinforcement subassembly.

  Corresponding reference numerals in the drawings indicate corresponding parts.

  Exemplary embodiments will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  Referring to FIG. 1, an anchor system 10 that couples to a general slab 12 that defines a foundation structure is at least partially embedded in the slab 12 and includes a plurality of anchor brackets 16 and a plurality of anchor brackets 16 coupled thereto. An anchor bolt set 14 is included that is coupled to a wall reinforcement system having special structural members or structural struts 18. The anchor system 10 as defined in the present invention is a subsystem that anchors a building 20 to a slab 12 or other foundation element. The reinforcement system of one preferred embodiment includes special first and second anchor bolts 22, 24 to provide proper placement and anchoring means to cooperate with other structural reinforcement components. It has become. In another preferred embodiment, common anchor bolt components are used. Regardless of whether special anchor bolts 22, 24 are used or general anchor bolts are used, the present disclosure provides that the appropriate anchoring means can provide free extensions 22a, 24a of the special anchor bolts 22, 24. Need to include anchor bolt nuts 26, 28 that couple to anchor brackets 16 disposed between members, such as spaced apart studs 30, 32, and suitable anchoring means It is used with new structural slabs 12, which are existing slabs that have been made, and for structures or mounting structures on crawl space walls or underground walls. The free extensions 22a, 24a of the anchor bolts 22, 24 for each anchor bracket 16 are disposed on the opposite side with respect to the longitudinal axis 27 of the structural strut 18 coupled to each anchor bracket 16, and It resists torsion and as a result withstands axial rotation / twisting of the studs 30, 32. The present disclosure unitizes the anchor system 10 to each feature of the wall reinforcement system 34 (described with reference to FIGS. 2-3) and / or the safe room system 72 (described with reference to FIG. 13). Collaborate and integrate with.

  With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the wall reinforcement system 34 defined in this disclosure is a subsystem that integrates into a typical stud-type wall structure 36 of a building 20 and is Provides enhanced compressive and tensile strength. A typical wooden or metal stud structure wall 38 having studs 30, 32 that are sequentially spaced can have adequate compressive strength, but because of its very low tensile strength, Susceptible to lifting force. Furthermore, the wall reinforcement system 34 of the present invention provides resistance to forces caused by torsion and / or rhombus. The special structural member or structural support 18 is a metal tube that is incorporated into the stud wall 38 and / or into the corners 40 of the wall with spacing between adjacent studs along the wall 38. Is substantially more robust than common stud wall components such as wooden or metal studs and can be securely and firmly attached to the anchor system 10 described with reference to FIG. According to one embodiment, the seating 42 is bolted to a special wall member 18 that is anchored to the foundation slab 12 and bolted to the rafter / beam restraint system 46 via a double girder 44. The wall reinforcement system 34 allows for a sturdy and rigid connection from the bottom plate 48 of the stud wall 38 to the spar 44 of the stud wall 38, which again is firmly attached and terminates.

  With reference to FIGS. 1-2 and 3, according to one embodiment, the structural struts 18 are routed through the girder 44 of the wall 38 and the roof chord or rafters and ceiling beams of a typical roof system. And bolted to roof elements 50, 52 such as lower chords. The wall reinforcement system 34 uses structural struts 18 that are fastened / bolted to the building at both ends to securely join the roof components, wall components, and foundation.

  With reference to FIGS. 1-3 and 4, the present disclosure can also be applied to a high-rise structure by using bolted connections throughout the floor joist structure 54 of the high-rise wall structure 56. , 60 are connected by bolt connectors 62 and 64 throughout the floor joist structure 54. The present disclosure uses wall reinforcement system 34 to anchor system 10 and rafter / beam restraint system 66 (described with reference to FIG. 5), wall seating system 68 (described with reference to FIG. 7), diaphragm reinforcement. The entire wall structure 56 by cooperating and integrating with the respective features of the system 70 (described with reference to FIG. 10) and / or the safe room system 72 (described with reference to FIG. 13). Is effectively unitized.

  1-4 and 5, the rafter / beam restraint system 66 as defined herein is a means of securely and securely attaching the upper chord or rafter 50 and the lower chord or ceiling beam 52 to the stud wall 38. And, more importantly, is directly coupled directly to the wall reinforcement system 34. In addition, the rafter / beam restraint system 66 may be associated with all rafters 50 and / or beams 52 regardless of whether they are directly or indirectly connected to the member 18 of the wall reinforcement system 34. Provides a robust connection at each intersection.

  Referring to FIG. 5, each wall reinforcement member or structural support 18 is bolted to the rafter restraint connector 74. An example of a common truss is presented, and the rafter restraint connection 76 extends between the lower chord 52 and the upper chord 50 of the truss 78. Also, the rafter / beam restraint system 66 makes the rafters 50 and / or beams 52 less susceptible to damage due to lifting forces caused by storms. The rafter / beam restraint system 66 also prevents the rafters 50 and / or beams 52 from being easily twisted by torsional forces and / or rhombus forces, thereby causing severe straight or tornado whirlwinds. The relative strength of the structure is increased to withstand the shear forces acting on the structure. According to tests and research, the optimum roof slope for storm resistance is about 15 degrees with respect to the horizontal plane, the ridge roof structure is better against storms than the gable wall structure, and has a short roof overhang structure. Objects are shown and taught to be superior to long roofed structures.

  The present disclosure and rafter / beam restraint system 66 can reinforce a standard roof structure, which utilizes known research and is still not compatible with prior art research on the best storm structures. Provides some reinforcement for other roof structures. The present invention uses features of the rafter / beam restraint system 66 to provide a wall reinforcement system 34 and a wind beam system 80 (described with reference to FIG. 6), a roof deck system 82 (described with reference to FIG. 8). By effectively cooperating and integrating with the respective features of the ventilation system 84 (described with reference to FIG. 11), the diaphragm reinforcement system 70, and / or the safe room system 72, the entire roof system is effectively unitized. .

  Referring to FIG. 6, a wind beam system 80 as defined by the present invention is a series of reinforcing components used in the connection of rafters 50, 50 'and truss 52 to enhance the structural integrity of the rafters and trusses. It is like that. The general truss 52 is reinforced with wind beam components at connection points 86, 88, 90, and in some preferred embodiments, the wind beam components include a wind beam string connector 92, a wind beam extension 94, And a wind beam head connector 96. Wind beam chord coupling 92 is a metal member that couples beam 52 to an angled coupling member, which in some embodiments is a transverse central gable wall stud or true bundle 100. The wind beam head connector 96 is a metal plate and connects the true bundle 100 to each upper chord or rafter 50, 50 '. The wind beam extension 94 is a metal U-shaped channel and can be used to connect the wind beam string connector 92 to the wind beam head connector 96. Typical construction techniques for rafters 50 and trusses 52 include nail plates and individual nails at connection points. One side of the roof where the wind blows directly during a storm is the windward side. Therefore, the force acting on the roof presses the roof. In contrast, the opposite side of the roof is called the leeward side, which generates a lifting force that acts on this part of the roof. As a result, one side of the roof is squeezed while trying to lift the other side, causing significant structural damage with relatively little force.

  Wind beam system 80 effects roof rafters 52 and / or trusses 98 using rugged and secure members such as wind beam string coupler 92, wind beam extension 94, and wind beam head coupling 96. This effectively unitizes the entire roof system so that it functions together as a unit rather than as individual roof components. The wind beam system 80 is effective for a conventional rafter system and / or a conventional truss system. A person skilled in the art should understand that if all the conditions are the same and the roof slope is steep, the lifting force on the leeward side will increase, resulting in a further need for the wind beam system 80. is there. The present invention uses features of the wind beam system 80 to cooperate with the features of the rafter / beam restraint system 66 and the roof deck system 82, the ventilation system 84, the diaphragm reinforcement system 70, and / or the safe room system 72. By integrating, the entire roof system is effectively unitized.

  Referring to FIGS. 1-6 and 7, the wall sheeting system 68 as defined in the present invention can be applied to the outer wall 38 of the structure prior to the application of additional surface material such as vinyl wallboard, bricks or other decorative coverings. An improved method of covering and sealing is provided. A wall sheeting 42 such as plywood is bolted to the wall reinforcement structure strut 18 using bolts 102. The wall seating system 68 provides an improved fastening method by bolting the seating 42 to the wall reinforcement system 34 to ensure that the seating 42 stays in place when the structure is exposed to storms. To do. Because the wall seating system 68 remains firmly in place while exposed to storms, the primary covering and weatherseal surface material may be damaged and / or lost while the structure is exposed to storms. In some cases, it is possible to provide a secondary weather seal for the wall 38 that resists rain and blowing rain. One preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a special bolt fastener 102, which is characterized by an enlarged flat head 104 having a protrusion 106 seated on a seating 42, and the bottom surface of the enlarged head 104. A seal ring rib 108 is included on 110 to hold and maintain a tight and water tight seal. In suitable applications, the wall seating system 68 is incorporated into a safe room system 72 that is required to prevent intrusion of atmospheric debris. The present invention uses features of wall seating system 68 to cooperate with the respective features of wall reinforcement system 34 and window / door protection seal system 112 (described with reference to FIG. 12), and safe room system 72. By integrating, the entire wall structure is effectively unitized.

  Referring to FIGS. 1-3 and 8, the roof deck system 82 defined in the present invention can be used to construct a plywood sheet of a structure before applying additional surface material such as a roof plate, a metal plate, or other decorative covering. An improved method of covering and sealing the roof deck 114 of the present invention is provided. A watertight tape seal 116 applied to the seam 118 at the mating end of the roof deck 114 provides a watertight seal. The roof deck system 82 provides improved fastening means with fasteners arranged in a unique pattern to securely hold the deck 114 attached to the nails and / or screws and / or rafters and / or beam structures. To do.

  1-3 and 8, and FIG. 9, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the special fastener 120 has a relatively large head and special holding features, Improved deck retention against beams is possible. Another preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises a deck 114 that is seamed so as to provide a water tight seal by the combined ends of the decks. A further preferred embodiment of the deck 114 comprises a phased end 122 that provides a watertight seal end on the diagonal cut. Yet another preferred embodiment of the deck includes an alignment block 124 disposed between adjacent rafters 50, 50 ′ and below the edge 126 of the adjacent deck 114, To provide a firm fastening surface. The alignment block 124 also provides an effective sealing surface under the edge of the adjacent sheet deck 114 and prevents relative deflection at the mating edge of the adjacent sheet deck. The alignment block 124 also provides proper alignment and spacing between the rafters 50, 50 'while providing resistance to torsional and rhombus forces acting on the rafters and beams. The alignment block 124 also forms a continuous row of compression blocking provided between the side-by-side rafters and / or beams to prevent lateral collapse of the structure.

  One preferred embodiment of the alignment block 124 includes a bracket 128 that can be pre-attached to the end of the alignment block 124 or provided after the alignment block 124 is attached. The bracket 128 provides additional ease of assembly and additional structural integrity to the rafter 50 and deck 114. Another preferred application of the present invention uses a watertight member 130 provided on a watertight seal tape 116 covering the mating edge of each adjacent sheet deck 114, including the deck 114 and / or ridges and valleys. That is.

  Referring to FIGS. 1-8 and 9, the cross-section of one preferred embodiment of the roof deck system 82 includes a phased end, an alignment block 124, an alignment block bracket 128, a deck fastener 120, a joining tape seal 116, and A watertight member 130 is shown. The roof deck system 82 is for a roof that is resistant to rain and blowing rain if the primary covering and weatherseal surface material is damaged and / or lost while the structure is exposed to storms. It is possible to provide a secondary weather seal. The present invention uses a roof deck system 82 to provide a wall reinforcement system 34, a wind beam system 80, a rafter / beam restraint system 66, a roof deck system 82, a ventilation system 84, a diaphragm reinforcement system 70, and / or a safe room system 72. By cooperating and integrating with each of the features, the entire roof structure is effectively unitized.

  Referring to FIG. 10, the diaphragm reinforcement system 70 defined in the present invention addresses several diaphragm issues generally associated with residential and commercial structures. One common diaphragm problem is the gable wall of the structure, for example, a triangular wall gable wall 132 is formed surrounding one end of the roof system 134. The gable wall 132 forms a gable wall surface 136 inside the triangular frame and may be blown or sucked in response to a storm. Another common diaphragm problem is formed of any one of a plurality of rafter / beam / truss components, such as the beam 52 shown, and arranged side by side adjacent to the gable wall 132 of the roof structure. This is a beam surface 138. The beam surface 138 may be distorted and / or kinked and / or twisted and / or moved laterally in response to a storm. Still another problem of the general diaphragm is the ceiling surface 140 formed by the ceiling 142 on the bottom surface of the beams 52 arranged side by side. The ceiling surface 140 may bend and warp due to the beam surface 138 in response to a storm acting on the structure.

  The present invention uses the diaphragm reinforcement system 70 to solve the problems associated with the diaphragm. One preferred embodiment of the diaphragm reinforcement system 70 is a parling brace 144 that extends laterally across the gable wall 132. The paring brace 144 of one preferred embodiment includes a series of special brackets 146 that cooperate with common wood components to enhance the structural integrity of the gable wall 136. In other preferred parling brace embodiments, the structural metal beam 148 and associated brackets extend laterally across the gable wall 132 to enhance the structural integrity of the gable wall 136. Another preferred embodiment of the diaphragm reinforcement system 70 includes a series of beam brace elements 150 that extend laterally across the side-by-side beams 52 to enhance the structural integrity of the beam array and provide a storm-like effect. It is designed to prevent the adverse effects of gusty winds.

  The beam brace element 150 is secured to the beam 52 so as not only to prevent the beam 52 from undergoing harmful beam surface 138 deformation, but also to prevent harmful ceiling surface 140 deformation. The beam brace element 150 is securely anchored at the gable wall 132 to a special gable wall bracket 152, which is anchored directly to a component of the wall reinforcement system 34, which anchors the entire structure to the foundation element. Stop. The beam brace element 150 also includes a brace element 154 that attaches to the beam brace element 150 at one end and extends to the connection point 156 of the paring brace 144 at an inclination angle α. The brace member 154 forms the hypotenuse of the triangle formed by the brace member 154, the gable wall 136, and the beam brace 158 element, forming a substantially reinforced structural means, achieved prior to the present invention. It provides the diaphragm with structural integrity that was impossible. One or more beam brace brackets 160 that connect the beam brace 158 to the beam 52 similarly define the members of the beam brace element 150.

  Still referring to FIG. 10, the gable wall surface 136, the ceiling surface 140, and the beam surface 138 are integrated functions of the gable wall bracket 152, the beam brace bracket 160, the beam brace 158, the brace member 154, and the paring brace 144. At the same time structurally strengthened. As a result, the entire set of diaphragms is effectively unitized together and integrated into a large integrated system for structural integrity to maintain a watertight seal system of the structure when subjected to storms It is like that. The present invention integrates with each feature of anchor system 10, wall reinforcement system 34, rafter / beam restraint system 66, wind beam system 80, wall seating system 68, ventilation system 84, and / or safe room system 72. By doing so, the diaphragm reinforcement system 70 is effectively unitized.

  Referring to FIG. 11, according to one preferred embodiment of the ventilation system 84, the internal access vent 162 allows air to flow from the conditioned air space that defines the occupancy 164 of the structure, and the air in the roof space 166. The closed cell spray foam 168 covers and seals the entire bottom surface of the roof system 170 and gable wall 132 to prevent water leakage. The ventilation system 84 as defined by the present invention provides a solution that properly maintains the thermal conditions of the air in the roof space 166 of the structure so that proper air exchange and / or adjustment of the roof space 166 occurs. Typical venting methods include a series of external access vents such as eaves vents, gable vents, eaves vents, turbines, and louvers, many of which are passive or powered variants.

  A serious problem that basically all known external access ventilation systems suffer is that they can be damaged during rainstorms and / or can be eliminated altogether, Lead to leakage and subsequent damage. Another major problem that basically all conventional external access ventilation systems suffer is that even if the external access ventilation system is somehow not damaged during a storm, the rain blowing in the storm can flow into the roof space. This leads to water leakage and subsequent damage. Accordingly, one preferred embodiment of the venting system 84 of the present invention provides a special external venting device for the treatment of inflow and outflow air, while at the same time ensuring that it is firmly and functionally undamaged. Can control and mitigate rain blowing in storms, and water can be channeled and / or redirected and / or drained from the structure, causing damage to build up inside the structure Is designed to prevent

  In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the external access vents and associated vent devices are omitted so as to eliminate this location problem, which replaces the small appropriately sized internal access vent 162, The adjustment part of the structure is directly connected to the roof space to slightly “adjust” the air in the roof space. Therefore, there is no external access vent that communicates the internal adjustment part of the building with the ambient air outside the building. The conditioned air in the roof space 166 is appropriately cooled and / or heated with the season so as to maintain an appropriate temperature range of the roof space 166. In addition, conditioned air in the roof space 166 is enabled by preventing incoming or outgoing outside air from affecting the roof space 166, but effective thermal insulation systems such as closed cell spray foam can be used for air and air. In order to prevent water from penetrating from the roof structure into the roof space 166, it is applied to the entire bottom surface of the roof structure and filled between the rafters 50 to form air and weather seals. Yes. Also, the insulation of the closed cell spray foam 168 covers and seals any fasteners on the deck 114 or roof 172 or other external structure that may penetrate the deck 114 and enter the roof space 166. Therefore, the possibility of becoming a water leakage route in the future is prevented in advance. Also, the insulation of the closed cell spray foam 168 covers the wall 174 of the gable wall 132 in the same manner. The present invention uses a ventilation system 84 that cooperates and integrates with the respective features of the roof deck system 82, the wind beam system 80, the rafter / beam restraint system 66, and the diaphragm reinforcement system 70 to provide a unitized roof structure. Collaborate effectively with things.

  Referring to FIG. 12, one preferred embodiment of the window / door protection system 112 is provided with respect to a typical window 176 fitted with a residential structure decorative cover mount 178 and a removable protective cover 180 is the cover mount. It is firmly attached to 178. The window / door protection system 112 as defined by the present invention includes a protective cover 180 that covers the window 176 to minimize the possibility of breakage during storms. One preferred embodiment of the window / door protection system 112 includes a series of brackets 182 and a mounting bracket that provides a secure attachment to the structure 184 and that is further attached to a protective cover bracket 182. And is designed to receive a suitable protective cover 180 that is designed to be worn and cooperated. The protective cover 180 can be stored until it is necessary to cope with the approach of a storm. The attached bracket 182 can remain attached to the structure 184 and is reasonably decoratively designed. Other preferred embodiments of the present invention include a similar protective cover 186 that covers the door 188 and / or is incorporated inside the exterior door to prevent being blown or sucked out during storms. Yes. Another preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a protective cover covering a garage door (not shown) to prevent being blown or inhaled during a storm. The present invention is adapted to use and integrate with the respective features of wall reinforcement system 34 and / or safe room system 72 using window / door protection system 112.

  Referring to FIG. 13, a preferred embodiment of the windproof safe room 72 comprises an independently unitized room 190 that is located inside the building and includes a windproof door 192 and a vent 194. Another preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises a windproof safe room system 72, which is made from suitable instructed components and transported to a construction site, after which a building 196 can be built around it. Installed. The windbreak safe room system 72 as defined in the present invention provides an enhanced structural component for a built-in windbreak safe room that is securely anchored to the foundation and / or slab of the structure. The reinforced structural components all combine to build an integrated structure to function as a suitable windproof safe room system 72, wall reinforcement system 34, anchor 10, rafter-beam restraint system 66, wind beam system. 80, door / window protection seal system 112 and / or roof deck system 82 features.

  Another preferred embodiment of the windproof safe room system 72 includes an independent unitized roof 198, a reinforced wall 200, and a windproof door 192 that opens into the interior. The door includes a reinforced hinge 202 and locking and safety components 204 to ensure closure when exposed to stormy gusts, flying debris, and / or incoming water. The windproof safe room system 72 includes an independent outdoor air vent 194 and a reinforced door 192 that cannot be opened except by the occupant's intention, and a watertight seal 206 that prevents inflow of water. The windproof safe room system 72 includes a windproof room suitable for use as a dual purpose room such as a closet, a food storage, and a bathroom. One preferred embodiment of the present invention features a windproof safe room system 72 assembled on-site with suitable reinforced components.

  The present invention includes an anchor system 10, a wall reinforcement system 34, a rafter / beam restraint system 66, a window / door protection seal system 112, a roof deck system 82, a ventilation system 84, a wind beam system 80, a diaphragm reinforcement system 70, and a wall seating. By cooperating and integrating with the features of the system 68, a unitized windproof safe room system 72 is effectively realized.

  Referring to FIG. 14, the blocking brace 208 is coupled to at least a first blocking brace bracket 207, and in some embodiments, first and second blocking brace brackets 207, and includes a blocking brace subassembly “A”. Form. As can be seen with reference to FIG. 15, multiple subassemblies “A” are used to build a compression blocking of a series of roof and / or wall systems. Each subassembly “A” is bolted to a location that provides improved structural strength to integrate the frame-type components of the roof and / or wall system. The present disclosure combines a series of compression blocking with other structural reinforcements to effectively withstand the destructive forces associated with wind and / or seismic events in order to effectively integrate building frame components. It has become.

  Referring to FIGS. 14 and 15, a series of compression blocking partial views includes a plurality of subassemblies “A” comprising a blocking brace 208 and a blocking brace bracket 207 fastened to a roof component 209. Two brackets 207 mounted side-by-side on the roof component 209 are fastened to the roof component 209 to build a strong continuous series of compression blocking. Each bracket 207 features a fastening hole that spans both sides of the blocking brace 208 and provides a stable resistance to torsional and / or seismic forces applied to the roof system.

  Referring to FIGS. 15 and 16, a series of compression blocking partial views, similar to subassembly “A”, includes a plurality of blocking braces 210 and blocking brace brackets 207 fastened to wall components 211. Includes sub-assembly “B”. Two brackets 207 mounted side-by-side on the wall component 211 are fastened to the wall component 211 to build a strong continuous series of compression blocking. Each bracket 207 features a fastening hole that spans both sides of the blocking brace 210 and provides a stable resistance to torsional and / or seismic forces applied to the roof system.

  Referring to FIG. 17, a partial view of a typical framed building includes a diaphragm reinforcement system 220 attached to a large gable truss 222 and supported by vertical studs 219 and beam components 52. Diaphragm reinforcement system 220 includes at least one horizontal prefabricated brace 213 attached along the length of stud 219 and having an end 218 attached to truss 212. The brace 213 is supported by at least one prefabricated inclined brace 214 that is attached to the at least one prefabricated lateral brace 215 using a double clevis mounting bracket 216. When installing large gable wall truss structures, additional structural reinforcement is required to withstand destructive forces, and at least one attached to the vertical stud 219 and, in some embodiments, multiple prefabs as required A formula horizontal brace 213 is additionally provided. The prefabricated horizontal brace 213 is supported by at least one additional inclined brace 214 that is attached to the prefabricated lateral brace 215 using a double clevis mounting bracket 216.

  Mounted on the lateral brace 215 is a single clevis mounting bracket 216 positioned to cooperate with the beam component 52 to build and maintain a parallel space between the beam components 52. When wind force and torsional force are applied to the frame type building, the beam 52 is bent and can be moved from a predetermined position. As a result, a girder board such as a gypsum board attached to the indoor side of the beam 52 may be exposed to danger and damaged. The present disclosure provides enhanced structural integrity of the beam 52 by maintaining the parallel position of the beam 52 against wind and torsional forces and resisting movement, and prevents damage to the ceiling surface.

  Prefabricated horizontal brace 213 is bolted along the length of vertical stud 219 and bolted to truss 212 at end 218. This bolting system effectively integrates the entire gable wall truss, resists the wind and torsional forces applied to it, and prevents wind from being blown or sucked into the gable face. The first prefabricated inclined brace 214 is attached to the prefabricated lateral brace 215 using a double clevis bracket 126. During installation of a large gable, a second or third bracing system may be required to adequately resist damaging forces. In this installation, the second prefabricated inclined brace 214 can be attached to the prefabricated lateral brace 215 or the first installed inclined brace 214 using a double clevis mounting bracket 216. The reinforced diaphragm reinforcement system 220 includes a fastener where a prefabricated lateral brace 215 is fastened to the lower chord of the truss 212 using a special non-hinge bracket 217.

  Referring to FIGS. 17 and 18, the joints of the reinforced diaphragm system 220 are spaced apart in parallel, and the beam component 52 is maintained in position by a single clevis mounting bracket 222 that fastens the beam 52 to the prefabricated lateral brace 215. Including. The double clevis type mounting bracket 216 fastens the prefabricated inclined brace 214 to the prefabricated lateral brace 215. The second prefabricated inclined brace 214 can be fastened to the first inclined brace 214 or the lateral brace 215 using a double clevis mounting bracket 216. The double clevis-type mounting bracket 216 can slide along the lateral brace 215 and / or the inclined brace 214, so that the appropriate support is cut in the field and the appropriate bolt fastening hole in the brace 214 or brace. 215 can be perforated and attached. The mounting holes previously drilled in the double clevis bracket 216 function as a drill guide that saves time for measuring and positioning the mounting holes penetrating the lateral braces 215 or the inclined braces 214.

  The non-hinge bracket 217 is fastened to the prefabricated lateral brace 215 and is bolted to the truss lower chord member 221 at a plurality of locations. The mounting holes in the non-hinge bracket 217 are positioned across the lateral brace 215, resulting in enhanced reinforcement strength and structural integrity of the gable wall, and the truss collapsing with wind and / or torsional forces and / Or being sucked out. Additional mounting holes in the non-hinge bracket 217 cooperate with and align with the anti-torsional tension and compression struts by bolting through the double top plate 222 and bolting directly to the support column, This strut connects directly to the foundation element. In the conventional gable wall truss construction, the gable wall truss construction is effectively hinged at the place where the lower chord member 221 is fitted with the double top plate 222, so that the destructive force may collapse the gable wall. The present disclosure overcomes this problem by combining the integrated benefits and support of a reinforced diaphragm system 220 that includes at least one non-hinge bracket 217.

  Referring to FIG. 19, the inside corner of a typical frame-type building includes a corner 224 located between two intersecting walls comprising a plurality of studs 227, a bottom plate 225, and a double top plate 226. . A side corner brace sub-assembly 223 is installed on each side of the corner portion 224, fastened to the stud 227, passed through the bottom plate 225 downward, fastened to the foundation anchor, and passed through the double top plate 226 upward. Then, it is fastened to the roof component and fastened to the corner portion 224. This configuration effectively integrates the entire corner of the building to resist the harmful wind and torsional forces resulting from wind and seismic events. The present disclosure combines the features and benefits of many structural improvements, such as the transverse corner brace subassembly 223, to provide enhanced structural integrity throughout the structure.

  As shown in FIG. 19, a lateral corner brace subassembly 223 is installed across a building corner and uses two lateral corner brace subassemblies 223. In installations where the inner wall intersects the outer wall, three subassemblies 223 are required, of which two subassemblies 223 are oriented along the outer wall and straddle the intersecting corners, one subassembly along the inner wall The direction is determined laterally. All three subassemblies 223 are fastened to intersecting corners, resulting in a substantially enhanced structural integrity for the building, which is detrimental to wind and torsion from wind and seismic events. It comes to resist the power.

  With reference to FIGS. 17-19 and 20, a typical frame-type construction is installed with two lateral corner brace subassemblies 223 oriented along each of the intersecting walls coupled to the corner 224. Corner 224. The gable truss 212 is installed on the lower chord member 221 connected to the double top plate 226 of the wall structure. The wall dam plate 225 is fastened to the middle pillar of the wall structure. The prefabricated truss 234 is then juxtaposed adjacent to the gable truss 212. The present disclosure improves the structural integrity of the wall dam by providing a fastening portion between the wall dam and the subassembly 223. The present disclosure further strengthens the gable wall truss 212 by providing a bolt connection that extends upwardly from the subassembly 223 through the double top plate 226 of the wall and connects to a non-hinge bracket 217 (not shown). However, the non-hinge bracket 217 is bolted to the lower chord 221 of the truss and to the diaphragm reinforcement system 220. A series of compression blockings (shown in FIG. 15) are installed on the truss 234. The sub-assembly 223 is bolted to the corner 224, bolted to the roof component bolted to the truss 234, bolted to the diaphragm reinforcement system 220, fastened to the wall dam, and the double top plate 226 is Because it is bolted through and bolted through the bottom plate 225 and secured directly to the base component, all the components of the frame-type building are effectively integrated to provide structural integrity.

  Referring to FIGS. 17-20 and 21, each subassembly 223 includes at least two special anti-torsional tension and compression column struts 229, at least one lateral connection brace 232, and at least one corner connection bracket 235. Can be provided. The lateral coupling brace 232 can comprise a lateral cross bracing beam 233 incorporated between the two side coupling brackets 227. The cross bracing beam 233 is pre-drilled to provide a fastening portion for the wall dam. A fastening hole 228 spaced in advance along the length of the column is pre-opened in the column 229 for fastening the wall dam plate. In addition, the support 229 has a hole in advance for assembling the side connection bracket 227 and receiving the corner connection bracket 235. A connection bracket 230 is attached to the lower end of the support post 229 so that the bolted connection portion extends downward through the bottom plate 225 and can be directly fastened to the base component. A connection bracket 231 is attached to the upper end of the post 229 and is bolted through the double top plate 226 to connect to the roof component.

  The present disclosure significantly enhances the structural integrity of frame-type construction by installing subassemblies 223 and diaphragm reinforcement systems 220 at each corner. In addition to these reinforcements, the present disclosure integrates a fastening system (not shown), a series of compression blocking (FIGS. 15 and 16), an anti-torsion roof system component, and an anti-torsional tensile compression strut. All of which can be combined together to withstand substantial wind, torsional, and / or seismic events that are much larger than possible before the introduction of the present invention. Provide an integrated structural frame building.

  In addition, the present disclosure takes advantage of the second sealing system to maintain an integral seal when the outer decorative panel and the first sealing system are compromised during a storm event.

  Furthermore, the present disclosure incorporates the overall features of all integrated structural reinforcement systems and, in combination with an integrated safe room, provides maximum protection against storm events.

  The present disclosure provides an improved system for a typical residential or commercial structure, where a series of special components are integrated to increase the structural integrity of the structure against wind power with respect to hurricanes and / or tornadoes. Strengthened to provide a relatively watertight secondary seal for structures even if the storm damages, breaks or disappears the primary sealing system of the roof and / or wallboard Yes. As a result, while known roof and wall panels provide decorative coverings and primary weather seals for structures, the present disclosure provides secondary weather when primary seal systems exposed to storms are damaged. Provide a seal.

  The present disclosure provides structural enhancements that can be applied to new structures as well as existing structures to be repaired to improve structural integrity and secondary seals against wind and seismic forces on hurricanes and / or tornadoes. Provide further. The present disclosure provides a structure that cooperates with standard structural components to improve the structural integrity of structural components beyond their original ability to wind and seismic forces with respect to hurricanes and / or tornadoes. Further providing reinforcement and further providing a secondary sealing system that resists incoming water if the primary sealing system is damaged.

  In an exemplary preferred embodiment, the structural material for the structurally reinforced component of the present disclosure is a metal. This component can be made of metal using several common methods such as stamping, forging, bending, welding, or a combination of manufacturing methods. Furthermore, the component can be made of non-metallic materials such as plastics, reinforced plastics, glass fibers, composites, and / or any other suitable technical material that provides the strength required for a given application.

  The foregoing description of the embodiments has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. This is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the present disclosure. The individual elements or features of a particular embodiment generally do not limit this particular embodiment, but if necessary, they are synonymous, even if not specifically described and illustrated, and are used in selected embodiments be able to. It can be changed in many ways. Such modifications do not depart from the present disclosure and all modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.

212 Truss 219 Spacer 220 Diaphragm reinforcement system 221 Lower chord material 223 Lateral corner brace subassembly 224 Corner portion 225 Bottom plate 234 Prefabricated truss

Claims (19)

An architectural system that provides structural integrity to a building, minimizing or preventing the effects of wind storms associated with the wind, torsional, and seismic forces. And
A plurality of subsystems coupled to the building;
The building includes a wall structure having a plurality of studs and a roof structure including at least one from a group of trusses, beams, and rafters.
An anchor system connected to the foundation;
A wall reinforcement system having a plurality of structural struts individually disposed between adjacent ones of the studs;
A lateral corner brace reinforcement system having subassemblies disposed along the intersection walls and fastened together at the building intersection corners;
A diaphragm reinforcement system having a plurality of members fastened to a gable wall of the roof structure, fastened to at least one of the truss, beams and rafters of the building and further coupled to the anchor system; ,
A series of compression blocking in the building;
As the wall reinforcement system join the roof structure and the wall structure to the foundation by using the structural support comprises a plurality of members connecting individually each of the structural support to the roof structure A rafter / beam restraint system,
The diaphragm reinforcement system includes at least one horizontal support beam fastened across one of the gable walls of the roof structure, the diaphragm reinforcement system comprising at least one from the truss, beam, and rafter group. Supported by at least one inclined brace coupled to at least one lateral brace fastened together, the diaphragm reinforcement system being non-fastened to at least one of the structural struts and foundation components of the anchor system Architectural system including hinge bracket.   The building system of claim 1, wherein the subsystem further comprises a series of compressed blocks in the roof structure having aligned bolt connections spanning individual blocking braces.   The building system according to claim 2, wherein a roofing sheet is fastened to the blocking brace.   The building system of claim 1, wherein the subsystem further comprises a series of compression blocks in the wall structure having aligned bolt connections spanning individual blocking braces.   The building system according to claim 4, wherein a wall dam is fastened to the blocking brace.   The building system of claim 1, wherein the at least one inclined brace is attached to the at least one lateral brace using a double clevis bracket. The double clevis type bracket includes a hole that provides a drill guide for installation and attachment of on-site building system according to claim 6.   The building system of claim 1, wherein the lateral brace is attached to a beam component using a single clevis bracket.   The building system of claim 1, wherein the non-hinge bracket is positioned across a lateral brace and includes a mounting hole for attachment to a gable wall structure fastened to the non-hinge bracket.   The non-hinge bracket is directly fastened to the gable wall, directly fastened to the double top plate of the wall structure, and further directly fastened to the lateral brace of the diaphragm reinforcing system, and passes through the structural pillar of the wall structure. The building system of claim 1 further coupled to a foundation element of the anchor system.   The building of claim 1, wherein the subsystem further comprises a lateral corner brace reinforcement assembly that includes at least one structural support, at least one laterally extending beam, and at least one corner coupling bracket. system. 12. The building system of claim 11, further comprising a plurality of structural posts having holes individually as fastening points for the wall dam. 12. The building system of claim 11, further comprising a plurality of transverse beams having holes individually as fastening points for the wall dam. Said lateral corner brace reinforcement assembly includes at least one corner connecting bracket, wherein the at least one corner connection bracket has a hole, Ru is fastened to the corner building components, building system according to claim 11.   The transverse corner brace reinforcement assembly is directly fastened to a plurality of corner building components, passed through a double top plate, fastened directly to a roof reinforcement component, connected to a foundation component, and directly to a wall dam The building system according to claim 11, wherein the building system is fastened.   The architectural system of claim 15, wherein the lateral corner brace reinforcement assembly is also fastened to the diaphragm reinforcement system.   The building system of claim 1, wherein the anchor system includes an anchor fastening portion coupled to and partially extending from the foundation, and each of the structural struts is coupled to two of the anchor fastening portions. . An architectural system for providing structural integrity to a building including a wall structure having a plurality of studs, a foundation, and a roof structure, the roof structure including gable walls, trusses, beams, and rafters. And at least one from the group of
The building system
An anchor system including a foundation element connected to the foundation of the building;
A wall reinforcement system having a plurality of structural columns individually disposed between adjacent studs of the plurality of studs of the building;
A diaphragm reinforcement system substantially traversing at least one of the truss, beams, and rafters group;
The diaphragm reinforcement system includes a plurality of members fastened to at least one of the gable walls of the roof structure, at least one from the truss, beams, and rafters, and at least one of the anchor systems. Have
The diaphragm reinforcement system includes at least one horizontal support beam fastened to at least one gable wall of the roof structure;
The diaphragm reinforcement system is supported by at least one inclined brace coupled to at least one lateral brace fastened to at least one from the truss, beam, and rafter group;
The diaphragm reinforcement system includes a non-hinge bracket, the non-hinge bracket being fastened to at least one gable wall of the roof structure and at least one of the plurality of structural posts, thereby providing the non-hinge bracket. A construction system wherein the diaphragm reinforcement system and at least one gable wall of the roof structure are fastened directly to a foundation element of the anchor system via the at least one structural support. The foundation element of the anchor system comprises an anchor fastening connected to the foundation and partially extending from the foundation;
The building system according to claim 18, wherein each of the plurality of structural pillars is connected to two of the anchor fastening portions.

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