JP6028841B2 - Ball end mill - Google Patents

Description

  In the present invention, an even number of cutting blades having a hemispherical shape in which the rotation trajectory around the axis is centered on the axis are formed at the distal end portion of the end mill body that is rotated around the axis at intervals in the circumferential direction. In addition, the present invention relates to an even-edged ball end mill.

  As such an even-edged ball end mill, Patent Document 1 discloses that six ball blades are formed at the tip of the end mill body, and every other three blades in the circumferential direction are the tip of the end mill body. And the remaining three ball blades were short ball blades (short blades) having an inner peripheral end at a position away from the axis 6. A single-edged ball end mill has been proposed.

  In such a ball end mill, it is possible to easily form a long ball blade that is abutted on the axis of the end mill main body, and to discharge chips, in contrast to a ball end mill in which all six ball blades are long ball blades. It is possible to prevent clogging by securing a pocket capacity of. On the other hand, for a ball end mill in which the two oppositely arranged ball blades are long ball blades and the remaining four ball blades are short ball blades, the long ball blades at the end of the end mill main body are Therefore, the machined surface accuracy can be improved and the cutting edge life can be extended.

JP 2011-183532 A

  By the way, in the ball end mill described in Patent Document 1, in order to set the inner peripheral end of the short ball blade at a position away from the axis at the end of the end mill main body, on the inner peripheral side of the tip flank connected to the short ball blade, A notch surface that extends in a direction perpendicular to the axis or slightly toward the tip side as it goes to the inner peripheral side, and a wall surface facing the notch surface, the tip flank surface, and the end mill rotation direction of the short ball blade gash The inner peripheral end of the short ball blade is positioned at the intersection with the.

  In addition to the three long ball blades, a space which is retreated from the hemisphere formed by the rotation trajectory of the long ball blade is formed on the inner peripheral side from the inner peripheral end of the short ball blade in this way by the cut surface. However, this space also secures the capacity of the pocket for discharging chips, but when this notch surface is widened in order to secure a larger pocket capacity, the notch surface is the part of the end ball body end side of the long ball blade. In the part of the long ball blade that crosses the axial line, the end mill body thickness on the rear side in the end mill rotation direction cannot be secured and the blade edge strength is reduced. There is a possibility that a defect or the like is likely to occur in the portion.

  The present invention has been made under such a background, and in the ball end mill in which long blades (long ball blades) and short blades (short ball blades) are alternately formed as described above, the long blades, in particular, the shaft. An object of the present invention is to provide a ball end mill capable of obtaining good chip discharge performance without impairing the strength of the cutting edge at the end mill body tip side portion that intersects the wire.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve such an object, the present invention provides a hemispherical structure in which the rotation locus around the axis is centered on the axis at the tip of the end mill body rotated around the axis. An even number of cutting blades are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction, and among these even number of cutting blades, every other cutting blade in the circumferential direction intersects the axis of the end mill body tip. The remaining cutting blades in the circumferential direction are short blades having an inner peripheral edge at a position away from the axis, and the long blade gash is the length of the long blade gash. A bottom surface extending in a direction intersecting a wall surface facing the end mill rotation direction and a wall surface facing the end mill rotation direction is provided , and the circumferential width of the bottom surface of the gash of the long blade is the rotation direction of the end mill at the bottom of the gash of the short blade Wall facing end and end It is larger than the circumferential distance between the wall surface facing the direction of rotation behind.

In the ball end mill configured as described above , the long-blade gash is provided with a bottom surface extending in a direction intersecting with a wall surface facing the end mill rotation direction and a wall surface facing the rear direction of the end mill rotation. Therefore, it is formed so that the width in the circumferential direction is widened by the amount of this bottom surface, and it can be wider in the circumferential direction than the short blade gash at the end mill body tip side, so it is more than the inner peripheral end of the short blade. Even if the above-mentioned space on the inner peripheral side is not forcibly expanded, a pocket capacity for discharging chips sufficient for the long-blade gashes themselves can be ensured.

  For this reason, in the part of the end mill main body front end side which cross | intersects an axial line of a long blade, favorable chip discharge | emission property can be obtained, and for the chip | tip discharge | emission by a long blade like the ball end mill of patent document 1, In order to secure pocket capacity, it is not necessary to enlarge the notch surface on the inner peripheral side of the short blade and make the notch of the tip flank of the long blade of this portion large. It becomes possible to secure the thickness of the end mill body to suppress the reduction of the cutting edge strength and to prevent the occurrence of defects or the like. Therefore, even if a higher feed is applied, stable cutting is possible, and high-efficiency machining can be promoted.

  Further, a circumferential interval between the long blade and the short blade adjacent to the long blade in the end mill rotation direction is set at least on the tip end side of the end mill main body and the short blade and the long blade adjacent to the short blade in the end mill rotation direction. By making the distance smaller than the circumferential interval, a larger thickness can be secured in the end mill body on the rear side in the end mill rotation direction of the long blade. Therefore, the cutting edge strength of the long blade can also be improved by this, and the occurrence of defects or the like can be reliably prevented.

In addition, when it is assumed to have a bottom surface extending in a direction intersecting the wall surface facing the end mill rotation direction of the long blade gash and the wall surface facing the rear direction of the end mill rotation as described above, the bottom surface of the long blade gash is The long-blade gash may be formed so as to intersect the wall surface facing the end mill rotation direction and the wall surface facing the end mill rotation direction at an angle, and the bottom surface of the long-blade gash and the long-gash gash The portion where at least one of the wall surface facing the end mill rotation direction and the wall surface facing the rear direction of the end mill intersects may be formed in a concave curved surface shape contacting the wall surface and the bottom surface.

  As described above, according to the present invention, in the portion on the tip end side of the end mill main body, like the ball end mill described in Patent Document 1, in order to ensure the pocket capacity for chip discharge by the long blade, Even if the notch surface on the peripheral side is enlarged and the tip flank of the long blade is not greatly cut, good chip discharge performance can be ensured. It is possible to prevent a loss due to a reduction in the strength of the cutting blade while leaving a sufficient thickness.

It is a perspective view which shows one Embodiment of this invention. It is an enlarged front view of embodiment shown in FIG. It is a side view of A direction view in FIG. It is a side view of the B direction view in FIG. (A) a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the intersecting ridgeline of extension plane of the mill body distal facing wall and the end mill rotating direction backward facing end mill rotating direction of the gash of the long blade in the side wall of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 (FIGS. 1 and (Cross-sectional view at point L in FIG. 3), (b) an enlarged view of the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. (A), (c) a cross-sectional view showing a first modification of FIG. (B), (d) FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the reference example . (A) a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the intersecting ridgeline between the end mill body distal wall facing the end mill rotating direction of the gash of the short blades in side the wall facing the end mill rotating direction backward of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 (in FIGS. 1 and 4 (C) Cross-sectional view at point S), (b) Enlarged view of the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. (A), (c) Cross-sectional view showing a modification of FIG.

  1 to 6 show an embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the end mill body 1 is formed of a hard material such as cemented carbide and has a substantially cylindrical shape centered on the axis O, and the rear end side portion (the right side portion in FIGS. 2 and 3) is a circle. While the columnar shank portion 2 is formed, the tip portion is a cutting blade portion 3. In such a ball end mill, the shank portion 2 is gripped by the main shaft of the machine tool and rotated in the end mill rotation direction T around the axis O, and is sent out in a direction intersecting the axis O, so that the cutting blade portion 3 For example, it is used for cutting a curved surface of a mold or the like.

  In this cutting edge portion 3, the end mill rotates as the even-numbered (six in this embodiment) chip discharge groove 4 moves toward the rear end side in the direction of the axis O with a circumferential interval in the outer peripheral portion on the rear end side. An outer peripheral blade 5 having a rake face as the wall surface is formed on the outer peripheral side ridge portion of the wall surface facing the end mill rotation direction T side of the chip discharge grooves 4. Each is formed. These outer peripheral blades 5 are configured such that the rotation locus around the axis O forms one cylindrical surface with the axis O as the center.

  On the other hand, at the tip of the cutting edge 3, that is, the tip of the end mill body 1, the gash 6 is formed so that the tip of the chip discharge groove 4 is further cut out toward the inner periphery as it goes toward the tip. The outer peripheral edge portion of the wall surface 6a facing the end mill rotation direction T side of the gasche 6 is connected to the tip of the outer peripheral blade 5 with the wall surface 6a as a rake face, and is curved toward the tip side while curving toward the inner periphery. An even number (six in this embodiment) of cutting blades (ball blades) 7 are formed in the same direction as the outer peripheral blades 5. These cutting blades 7 are formed so that the rotation trajectory around the axis O forms one hemisphere having a center on the axis O and projecting toward the tip, and the radius of the hemisphere is equal to the outer circumference. It is made equal to the radius of the cylindrical surface which the rotation locus of the blade 5 makes.

  Of these six cutting blades 7, every other three cutting blades 7 in the circumferential direction extend from the tip of the outer peripheral blade 5 until reaching the axis O of the end mill body 1 tip, and on this axis O The long blades 7A intersected with each other and the remaining three cutting blades 7 are short blades 7B having inner peripheral ends at positions farther from the axis O than the long blades 7A. Further, the gash 6A of the long blade 7A is communicated with the gash 6B of the short blade 7B adjacent to the end mill rotation direction T of the long blade 7A. Each of the three long blades 7A and each of the three short blades 7B are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 6 (b), the gash 6B of the short blade 7B faces the end mill rotation direction T, which is the rake face of the short blade 7B, and the end mill rotation direction facing the wall surface 6a. The gash 6A of the long blade 7A, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), is formed by the wall surface 6b facing the rear T, and the end mill rotating direction T, which is the rake face of the long blade 7A, is shown above. It is formed by a wall surface 6a, a wall surface 6b facing the wall surface 6a and facing the end mill rotation direction T, and a bottom surface 6c extending between these wall surfaces 6a and 6b. Then, the gash 6A of the long blade 7A is wider in the circumferential direction than the gash 6B of the short blade 7B. That is, the cross sections of the gash 6A of the long blade 7A and the gash 6B of the short blade 7B are different from each other.

  Here, in this embodiment, the gash 6A of the long blade 7A is shown in FIG. 5B in a cross section orthogonal to the intersecting ridge line of the extension surfaces of the wall surfaces 6a and 6b facing the end mill rotation direction T and the end mill rotation direction T. As shown, these wall surfaces 6a and 6b are formed so as to extend in a direction intersecting with an acute angle, and the bottom surface 6c of the gash 6A extends so as to intersect these wall surfaces 6a and 6b at an angle in the same cross section. ing. Further, the gash 6B of the short blade 7B has a wall surface 6a, as shown in FIG. 6 (b) in a cross section perpendicular to the intersecting ridge line of the end mill rotation direction T and the wall surface 6a, 6b facing the end mill rotation direction T. 6b is formed to intersect at an acute angle.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the gash 6A of the long blade 7A has an end mill rotation of the gash 6B of the short blade 7B in the vicinity of the pole of the axis O at the tip of the end mill body 1 where the wall surface 6b facing the end mill rotation direction T is rearward. By extending so as to intersect the wall surface 6b facing in the direction T, the short blade 7B communicates with the gash 6B. On the outer peripheral side of the intersecting ridge line of the wall faces 6b facing the rear mill rotational direction T of the gash 6A of the long blade 7A and the gash 6B of the short blade 7B, as shown in FIG. 6B, the end mill of the gash 6B of the short blade 7B. A wall surface 6a facing the rotation direction T intersects with a wall surface 6b facing the rear end direction of the end mill rotation T of the gash 6A of the long blade 7A adjacent to the rear side of the end mill rotation direction T. A notch surface 9 is formed by notching the inner peripheral portion of the tip flank 8B of 7B in the direction perpendicular to the axis O or slightly toward the tip side toward the inner periphery. The intersection of the surface 9, the tip flank 8B of the short blade 7B, and the wall surface 6a of the gasche 6B, which is the rake face of the short blade 7B, is the inner peripheral end of the short blade 7B.

  In the present embodiment, in the range where the short blade 7B is formed in the radial direction with respect to the axis O, at least on the inner peripheral side of the end portion of the end mill body 1, the long blade 7A and the long blade 7A are adjacent to the end mill rotation direction T. The circumferential interval between the short blade 7B is smaller than the circumferential interval between the short blade 7B and the long blade 7A adjacent to the end mill rotation direction T of the short blade 7B. On the other hand, at the portion connected to the outer peripheral blade 5 on the outer peripheral side, the interval may be left as it is, or the long blade 7A and the short blade 7B may be formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and conversely the long blade 7A and its end mill. The circumferential interval between the short blade 7B adjacent to the rotation direction T may be larger than the circumferential interval between the short blade 7B and the long blade 7A adjacent to the end mill rotation direction T.

  Here, the width of the gash 6A of the long blade 7A at the tip end side of the end mill body 1 is long on the circumference passing through the inner peripheral end of the short blade 7B with the axis O as the center when viewed from the tip end side in the axis O direction. From the blade 7A to the intersecting line between the wall surface 6b facing the rear end of the end mill rotation direction T of the gash 6A of the long blade 7A and the tip flank 8B or notch surface 9 of the short blade 7B adjacent to the end mill rotation direction T of the long blade 7A. The width of the gash 6B of the short blade 7B on the tip end side of the end mill body 1 is the inner circumference of the short blade 7B with the axis O as the center when viewed from the tip end side in the axis O direction. On the circumference passing through the end, a wall surface 6b facing from the short blade 7B to the rear end in the end mill rotation direction T of the gash 6B of the short blade 7B and a tip flank 8A of the long blade 7A adjacent to the end mill rotation direction T of the short blade 7B. With It is the width of the up line (arc length).

  Similarly, the distance in the circumferential direction between the long blade 7A on the distal end side of the end mill body 1 and the short blade 7B adjacent to the end mill rotation direction T of the long blade 7A is the axis line when viewed from the distal end side in the axis O direction. The distance between the long blade 7A on the circumference passing through the inner peripheral edge of the short blade 7B centering on O and the short blade 7B adjacent to the end mill rotation direction T of the long blade 7A (the length of the arc). The distance in the circumferential direction between 7B and the long blade 7A adjacent to the end mill rotation direction T of the short blade 7B also passes through the inner peripheral end of the short blade 7B with the axis O as the center when viewed from the front end side in the axis O direction. This is the distance (arc length) between the short blade 7B on the circumference and the long blade 7A adjacent to the end blade rotation direction T of the short blade 7B.

  In the ball end mill configured in this manner, the gash 6A of the long blade 7A is wider in the circumferential direction than the gash 6B of the short blade 7B around the axis O on the tip end side of the end mill main body 1. A large pocket for discharging chips can be secured in the 7A gash 6A. For this reason, it is possible to obtain good chip discharging performance without expanding the notch surface to the tip flank 8A of the long blade 7A in order to ensure this pocket capacity as in the ball end mill described in Patent Document 1. The thickness of the end mill body 1 on the rear side in the end mill rotation direction T of the long blade 7A can be increased to suppress the reduction in the cutting blade strength.

  Further, the gash 6A of the long blade 7A is also communicated with the gash 6B of the short blade 7B adjacent to the end mill rotation direction T around the axis O on the tip end side of the end mill main body 1, so that even better chips are obtained. Emission can be ensured. Therefore, according to the ball end mill configured as described above, even when cutting is performed with higher feed, chips can be smoothly discharged while preventing the long blade 7A from being damaged and the like, and stable high efficiency. Can be cut.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, at least on the inner peripheral side of the end portion of the end mill body 1, the distance between the long blade 7A and the short blade 7B adjacent to the end mill rotation direction T of the long blade 7A is the short blade 7B and the short blade. It is made smaller than the space | interval with the long blade 7A adjacent to the end mill rotation direction T of 7B. For this reason, the wall thickness of the end mill body 1 in the end mill rotation direction T behind the long blade 7A can be further ensured at least at the inner peripheral side of the range where the short blade 7B is formed in the radial direction with respect to the axis O. Further, it is possible to improve the cutting edge strength of the long blade 7A and reliably prevent the occurrence of defects.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5B, the bottom surface 6c of the gash 6A of the long blade 7A and the wall surface 6a facing the end mill rotation direction T, which is the rake face of the long blade 7A, and the end mill rotation. The bottom wall 6c extends in a direction intersecting the wall surfaces 6a and 6b as in the first modification shown in FIG. 5C, although it is formed so as to intersect the wall surface 6b facing the direction T with an angle. However, at least one of these wall surfaces 6a and 6b (both in FIG. 5 (c)) and the bottom surface 6c intersect, the above-mentioned cross section forms a concave curve such as a concave arc, and these wall surfaces 6a and 6b. And a concave curved surface that contacts the bottom surface 6c.

Here, FIG. 5D is a reference example for the above-described embodiment and the first modification example. In this reference example, the entire bottom surface 6c of the gash 6A of the long blade 7A is formed such that the cross section is a concave arc or the like. A concave curved surface is formed on the concave curved surface in contact with the end mill rotation direction T of the gash 6A and the wall surfaces 6a, 6b facing the rear thereof . As for the gash 6B of the short blade 7B, the wall surface 6a facing the end mill rotation direction T and the wall surface 6b facing the rear direction in the end mill rotation direction T as in the modification shown in FIG. In the said cross section, you may be made to continue via the concave curved surface which makes the cross-sectional concave curve shape which contact | connects these wall surfaces 6a and 6b .

  In the above embodiment, such a bottom surface 6 c is formed on the gasche 6 A over the entire length of the long blade 7 A of the cutting blade (ball blade) 7. Since the gap of 7 becomes large and good chip discharging performance is obtained, the gash 6A of the long blade 7A does not have to be wide as described above unless the extreme wideness or narrowness occurs, that is, the gash of the long blade 7A. The bottom surface 6c may not be formed on 6A.

  Moreover, although the case where this invention was applied to the ball end mill of 6 blades was demonstrated in the said embodiment, it applies to the ball end mill of the even blade of 8 blades or more, and the ball end mill of the even blade of 4 blades or less. It is also possible. However, when it is applied to a 4-flute ball end mill, the pocket of the short blade 7B becomes too narrow, and chip clogging becomes a problem, and in the 2-flute ball end mill, only one long blade 7A and one short blade 7B are formed. Therefore, the present invention is suitable for application to a ball end mill having 6 blades or more, particularly 6 blades or 8 blades.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 End mill main body 3 Cutting edge part 4 Chip discharge groove 5 Outer peripheral edge 6 Gash 6A Gash of long blade 7A 6B Gash of short blade 7B 6a Wall surface which faces end mill rotation direction T of gash 6 6b Face of end mill rotation direction T of gash 6 Wall surface 6c Gash 6 bottom surface 7 Cutting blade (ball blade)
7A Long blade 7B Short blade 8A Tip flank of long blade 7A 8B Tip flank of short blade 7B 9 Notch

Claims (3)

At the tip of the end mill body rotated around the axis, an even number of cutting blades having a hemispherical shape with the rotation locus around the axis on the axis are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction. Of the even number of cutting edges, every other cutting edge in the circumferential direction is a long blade intersecting the above-mentioned axis of the end mill body tip, and every other cutting edge in the remaining circumferential direction is A short blade having an inner peripheral end at a position away from the axis, and the long blade gasche extends in a direction intersecting a wall surface facing the end mill rotation direction and a wall surface facing the rear direction of the end mill rotation of the long blade gasche. With a bottom ,
The circumferential width of the bottom face of the long-blade gash is larger than the circumferential interval between the wall surface facing the end mill rotation direction and the wall surface facing the end mill rotation direction at the bottom part of the short blade gash. Ball end mill.   The bottom surface of the long-blade gash is formed so as to intersect with an angle between a wall surface facing the end mill rotation direction and a wall surface facing the rear direction of the end mill rotation of the long-blade gash. Ball end mill as described.   A portion where the bottom face of the long-blade gash and at least one of the wall face facing the end mill rotation direction and the wall face facing the rear side of the end mill rotation intersects the wall face and the bottom face. The ball end mill according to claim 1, wherein the ball end mill is formed.

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