JP6013724B2 - Plant cultivation equipment - Google Patents

Plant cultivation equipment Download PDF

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JP6013724B2
JP6013724B2 JP2011261690A JP2011261690A JP6013724B2 JP 6013724 B2 JP6013724 B2 JP 6013724B2 JP 2011261690 A JP2011261690 A JP 2011261690A JP 2011261690 A JP2011261690 A JP 2011261690A JP 6013724 B2 JP6013724 B2 JP 6013724B2
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nutrient solution
cultivation
cultivation tray
pipe
drainage
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JP2013111039A (en
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喜智 大野
喜智 大野
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Daiwa House Industry Co Ltd
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Daiwa House Industry Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

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Description

この発明は、多段に設けられた栽培トレイを用いて植物を栽培する植物栽培装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a plant cultivation apparatus that grows plants using cultivation trays provided in multiple stages.

特許文献1には、平面視において互いに重なるように高さ方向に多段配置された複数の栽培ベッドを配置し、レタスなどの野菜を生育させることができる波長特性を持たせた電球形蛍光ランプを使用する立体多段式植物栽培装置が開示されている。   Patent Document 1 discloses a light bulb-type fluorescent lamp having a wavelength characteristic in which a plurality of cultivation beds arranged in a height direction so as to overlap each other in a plan view and having vegetables such as lettuce grown can be grown. A three-dimensional multi-stage plant cultivation apparatus to be used is disclosed.

また、特許文献2には、栽培室内に、養液が貯留される栽培容器の底壁の下面に複数の照明器を取付けてなる栽培器ユニットを上下方向に所定間隔をもって多段に配置する一方、該養液を、養液タンクと各栽培器ユニットの各養液容器の間で循環させ、循環経路中に冷却ユニットを介設し、各養液容器からの還流養液を放熱冷却して各養液容器へ供給する水耕栽培装置が開示されている。   In addition, in Patent Literature 2, while arranging a plurality of cultivator units with a plurality of illuminators on the lower surface of the bottom wall of the cultivation container in which the nutrient solution is stored in the cultivation room, with a predetermined interval in the vertical direction, The nutrient solution is circulated between the nutrient solution tank and each nutrient solution container of each cultivator unit, a cooling unit is interposed in the circulation path, and the reflux nutrient solution from each nutrient solution container is radiated and cooled to each A hydroponic cultivation apparatus that supplies a nutrient solution container is disclosed.

上記のように栽培トレイを上下方向に多段に配置する植物栽培装置においては、養液タンク内の養液を各々の栽培トレイに供給していくことになるが、この養液供給の方法として、上段の栽培トレイから順に下段の栽培トレイへと養液を循環させていく方法がある。例えば、上記栽培トレイの底部に貫通させた循環パイプの上端を上記底部の上方に突き出して位置させるとともに、上記循環パイプの下端を下段側の栽培トレイの底部に位置させておき、上記上段側の栽培トレイ内で上記循環パイプの上端を越えて溢れる養液を当該循環パイプに通して上記下段側の栽培トレイに導く方法がある。   In the plant cultivation apparatus that arranges the cultivation tray in multiple stages in the vertical direction as described above, the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank will be supplied to each cultivation tray. There is a method of circulating the nutrient solution from the upper cultivation tray to the lower cultivation tray in order. For example, the upper end of the circulation pipe penetrating the bottom of the cultivation tray is positioned above the bottom, and the lower end of the circulation pipe is positioned at the bottom of the lower cultivation tray, There is a method in which the nutrient solution overflowing beyond the upper end of the circulation pipe in the cultivation tray is guided to the lower cultivation tray through the circulation pipe.

特開2008−245554号公報JP 2008-245554 A 特開2009−034064号公報JP 2009-034064 A

ところで、或る栽培トレイで育成された植物を出荷して新たに次の植物を育成しようとするときなどには、清掃等のために当該栽培トレイ内から養液を一旦排出することが必要とされる。しかしながら、上記のように上段の栽培トレイから順に下段の栽培トレイへと養液を循環させていく場合、循環ポンプの停止やバルブの閉止を行ったとしても、上記循環パイプの上端を越えない養液が上記栽培トレイ内に残るため、この残留養液を例えばバケツ等で栽培トレイ内から排水する作業が必要になり、作業者の労働負担が大きくなるという問題がある。   By the way, when a plant grown in a certain cultivation tray is shipped and a new plant is to be newly cultivated, it is necessary to discharge the nutrient solution from the cultivation tray for cleaning or the like. Is done. However, when the nutrient solution is circulated from the upper cultivation tray to the lower cultivation tray as described above, even if the circulation pump is stopped or the valve is closed, the cultivation that does not exceed the upper end of the circulation pipe. Since the liquid remains in the cultivation tray, it is necessary to drain the residual nutrient solution from the cultivation tray with a bucket or the like, which increases the labor burden on the operator.

この発明は、上記の事情に鑑み、上段の栽培トレイから順に下段の栽培トレイへと養液を循環させていく植物栽培装置において、上記栽培トレイから養液を簡単に排出できるようにすることを課題とする。   In view of the above circumstances, in the plant cultivation apparatus that circulates the nutrient solution from the upper cultivation tray to the lower cultivation tray in order, the present invention enables the nutrient solution to be easily discharged from the cultivation tray. Let it be an issue.

この発明の植物栽培装置は、上記の課題を解決するために、植物を育成する栽培トレイを上下方向に多段に配置した植物栽培装置において、養液が貯留される養液タンクと、この養液タンクから養液をポンプにより汲み上げて上段の栽培トレイから順に下段の栽培トレイへと当該栽培トレイ同士を連通する循環パイプを通して養液を循環させていく養液循環システムと、上記栽培トレイに接続された排水パイプ及びこの排水パイプから上記栽培トレイ内の養液を排出する排水制御バルブを備えた排水システムと、を備えたことを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention is a plant cultivation apparatus in which cultivation trays for growing plants are arranged in multiple stages in the vertical direction. A nutrient solution circulation system that pumps nutrient solution from a tank and circulates the nutrient solution through a circulation pipe that connects the cultivation trays in order from the upper cultivation tray to the lower cultivation tray, and is connected to the cultivation tray. And a drainage system provided with a drainage control valve for discharging the nutrient solution in the cultivation tray from the drainage pipe.

上記の構成であれば、上記栽培トレイに接続した上記排水パイプから上記栽培トレイ内の養液を排水できるので、上段の栽培トレイから順に下段の栽培トレイへと養液を循環させる構造を採用しつつ上記栽培トレイから養液を簡単に排出することができる。   If it is said structure, since the nutrient solution in the said cultivation tray can be drained from the said drain pipe connected to the said cultivation tray, the structure which circulates a nutrient solution to the lower cultivation tray in order from an upper cultivation tray is employ | adopted. The nutrient solution can be easily discharged from the cultivation tray.

上記栽培トレイに上記養液を上から供給する循環パイプは当該栽培トレイの一方の縁の側に設けられ、当該栽培トレイから上記養液を下側に導く循環パイプは当該栽培トレイの他方の縁の側に設けられているとともに、上記栽培トレイに対して個別に設けた上記排水制御バルブにより、排水対象となる任意の一つまたは複数の栽培トレイを選択できるようにしてもよい。ここで、上記栽培トレイに上記養液を上から供給する循環パイプと上記養液を下側に導く循環パイプとが近接して位置していると、上からの新しい養液が栽培トレイ内で満遍なく行き渡る前に下側に導かれるおそれがある。上記構成であれば、上記栽培トレイに上記養液を上から供給する循環パイプと上記養液を下側に導く循環パイプとが離れて位置することになり、上からの新しい養液が栽培トレイ内で満遍なく行き渡った後に下側に導かれる。また、排水対象となる任意の一つまたは複数の栽培トレイを選択できるので、任意の栽培トレイにおいて例えば育成された植物を出荷して新たに次の植物を育成するために清掃等するときでも、当該栽培トレイ内に残留する養液をバケツ等で排水する作業を不要にできる。   A circulation pipe for supplying the nutrient solution to the cultivation tray from above is provided on one edge side of the cultivation tray, and a circulation pipe for guiding the nutrient solution downward from the cultivation tray is the other edge of the cultivation tray. It is possible to select any one or a plurality of cultivation trays to be drained by the drainage control valve provided separately for the cultivation tray. Here, when the circulation pipe for supplying the nutrient solution to the cultivation tray from above and the circulation pipe for guiding the nutrient solution to the lower side are located close to each other, a new nutrient solution from above is placed in the cultivation tray. There is a risk of being led down before it reaches evenly. If it is the said structure, the circulation pipe which supplies the said nutrient solution from the top to the said cultivation tray and the circulation pipe which guides the said nutrient solution to the lower side will be located away, and a new nutrient solution from the top will be in a cultivation tray It is led to the lower side after reaching all over. In addition, since any one or a plurality of cultivation trays to be drained can be selected, even when cleaning or the like to newly grow the next plant by shipping the grown plants in any cultivation tray, The operation of draining the nutrient solution remaining in the cultivation tray with a bucket or the like can be eliminated.

上記の植物栽培装置において、上記養液タンクの液面変位を検出して水または養液を自動的に上記養液タンクに補給するようにしてもよい。これによれば、作業者が目視で上記養液タンクの液面変化を見て手動操作で養液を補給する作業を不要にできる。   In said plant cultivation apparatus, you may make it detect the liquid level displacement of the said nutrient solution tank, and to replenish water or a nutrient solution automatically to the said nutrient solution tank. This eliminates the need for the operator to visually replenish the nutrient solution manually by looking at the change in the level of the nutrient solution tank.

上記の植物栽培装置において、上記ポンプにより上記養液タンクから汲み上げた養液を上記排水システムの排水経路を経由させて排水する排水処理が行えるようにしてもよい。これによれば、上記養液タンク内の養液の排出にも上記養液循環のポンプを用いるので、専用の排水ポンプを用意するのに比べて低コストを実現しつつ排水の作業負担を軽減することができる。   In said plant cultivation apparatus, you may enable it to perform the waste_water | drain process which drains the nutrient solution pumped up from the said nutrient solution tank with the said pump via the drainage path of the said drainage system. According to this, since the nutrient solution circulation pump is also used for discharging the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank, the work load of the drainage is reduced while realizing a low cost compared to preparing a dedicated drainage pump. can do.

本発明であれば、上段の栽培トレイから順に下段の栽培トレイへと養液を循環させる構造を採用しつつ上記栽培トレイから養液を簡単に排出できる等の諸効果を奏する。   If it is this invention, there exist various effects, such as being able to discharge | emit a nutrient solution easily from the said cultivation tray, employ | adopting the structure which circulates a nutrient solution from the upper cultivation tray to a lower cultivation tray in order.

本発明の一実施形態に係る植物栽培装置を示した斜視図である。It is the perspective view which showed the plant cultivation apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 図1の植物栽培装置において養液循環時の養液の流れを示した斜視図である。It is the perspective view which showed the flow of the nutrient solution at the time of nutrient solution circulation in the plant cultivation apparatus of FIG. 図1の植物栽培装置において全養液排出時の養液の流れを示した斜視図である。It is the perspective view which showed the flow of the nutrient solution at the time of the total nutrient solution discharge | emission in the plant cultivation apparatus of FIG. 図1の植物栽培装置において任意の栽培トレイにおける養液排出時の養液の流れを示した斜視図である。It is the perspective view which showed the flow of the nutrient solution at the time of nutrient solution discharge | emission in arbitrary cultivation trays in the plant cultivation apparatus of FIG.

次に、この発明の実施形態に係る植物栽培装置を添付図面に基づいて具体的に説明する。なお、本発明に係る植物栽培装置は、下記の実施形態に示したものに限定されず、その要旨を変更しない範囲において適宜変更して実施できるものである。   Next, a plant cultivation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, the plant cultivation apparatus which concerns on this invention is not limited to what was shown to the following embodiment, In the range which does not change the summary, it can implement suitably.

図1はこの発明の実施形態に係る植物栽培装置1の概略構成を示した斜視図であるが、栽培トレイ2を載せ置くための棚構造部分、植物に光を与える照明装置、上記栽培トレイ2内に配置される水耕ベッドなどは図示を省略している。また、この植物栽培装置1は空調設備等が配備された栽培ルーム内に配置され、また、この栽培ルームの隣室には前室が設けられる。   FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a plant cultivation apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. However, a shelf structure part for placing a cultivation tray 2, a lighting device that gives light to plants, and the cultivation tray 2 described above. The hydroponics bed etc. which are arranged inside are not shown. Moreover, this plant cultivation apparatus 1 is arrange | positioned in the cultivation room where the air-conditioning equipment etc. were arranged, and the front room is provided in the adjacent room of this cultivation room.

上記植物栽培装置1においては上記栽培トレイ2が上下方向に多段に配置されている。図1に示した例では4枚の栽培トレイ2を上下多段に配置した構成部分を2組備えているが、このような組み合わせに限定されるものではない。   In the plant cultivation apparatus 1, the cultivation tray 2 is arranged in multiple stages in the vertical direction. In the example shown in FIG. 1, two sets of components in which four cultivation trays 2 are arranged in multiple stages are provided, but the present invention is not limited to such a combination.

養液が貯留される養液タンク3内には、この養液或いは水が自動給水装置4により自動供給されるようにしている。上記自動給水装置4は、養液タンク3内に配置されるフロート41と、このフロート41の上下動作により開閉動作を行うバルブ42と、このバルブ42に接続されたパイプ43とからなる。上記パイプ43は上記前室に設けられている蛇口に接続される。   This nutrient solution or water is automatically supplied by the automatic water supply device 4 into the nutrient solution tank 3 in which the nutrient solution is stored. The automatic water supply device 4 includes a float 41 disposed in the nutrient solution tank 3, a valve 42 that opens and closes by the vertical movement of the float 41, and a pipe 43 connected to the valve 42. The pipe 43 is connected to a faucet provided in the front chamber.

また、上記養液タンク3の上縁近傍にはオーバーフロー用配管31の一端側が設けられており、上記養液タンク3の上縁から養液が溢れ出る前に上記養液が上記オーバーフロー用配管31の一端側から排出されるようにしている。上記オーバーフロー用配管31を通って溢れ出る養液は排出口11に排出される。   One end of an overflow pipe 31 is provided in the vicinity of the upper edge of the nutrient solution tank 3, and the nutrient solution flows into the overflow pipe 31 before the nutrient solution overflows from the upper edge of the nutrient solution tank 3. It is made to discharge from one end side. The nutrient solution overflowing through the overflow pipe 31 is discharged to the discharge port 11.

上記養液タンク3内の養液は養液循環システム5のポンプ51により汲み上げられて循環主パイプ52に供給されるようになっている。上記循環主パイプ52の上端部は、最上段に位置する栽培トレイ2よりも上方に位置している。また、上記循環主パイプ52の上端部には、左右に水平分岐する循環分岐パイプ53が連通されている。そして、各循環分岐パイプ53には循環制御バルブ56が取り付けられている。また、各循環分岐パイプ53の端部には循環パイプ54が下方に向けられて接続されている。各循環パイプ54の下端部は左右の栽培トレイ2の縁側の底部に位置し、上記下端部に形成されている養液供給口は上記栽培トレイ2の中央側に向けられている。   The nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank 3 is pumped up by the pump 51 of the nutrient solution circulation system 5 and supplied to the circulation main pipe 52. The upper end of the circulation main pipe 52 is located above the cultivation tray 2 located at the uppermost stage. A circulating branch pipe 53 that branches horizontally from left to right communicates with the upper end of the circulation main pipe 52. A circulation control valve 56 is attached to each circulation branch pipe 53. A circulation pipe 54 is connected to the end of each circulation branch pipe 53 so as to face downward. The lower end of each circulation pipe 54 is located at the bottom on the edge side of the left and right cultivation trays 2, and the nutrient solution supply port formed at the lower end is directed to the center side of the cultivation tray 2.

上記最上段の栽培トレイ2以外の下段側の栽培トレイ2に養液を供給する他の循環パイプ54も、その下端部に上記養液供給口を有するが、その上端部は上記循環分岐パイプ53に接続されているのではなく、上段側の栽培トレイ2の底部に接続されている。そして、このように上記栽培トレイ2の底部に連通された循環パイプ54の上端部は、当該栽培トレイ2の底部よりも上側に突き出て位置している。一方、最下段に位置する栽培トレイ2の底部には養液戻しパイプ55が接続されている。この養液戻しパイプ55の上端部は、上記循環パイプ54と同様に上記栽培トレイ2の底部よりも上側に突き出ているが、下端部は上記養液タンク3内に位置している。   The other circulation pipe 54 that supplies the nutrient solution to the lower cultivation tray 2 other than the uppermost cultivation tray 2 also has the nutrient solution supply port at the lower end, and the upper end of the circulation pipe 54 is the circulation branch pipe 53. Is connected to the bottom of the cultivation tray 2 on the upper stage side. And the upper end part of the circulation pipe 54 connected to the bottom part of the said cultivation tray 2 protrudes above the bottom part of the said cultivation tray 2, and is located in this way. On the other hand, a nutrient solution return pipe 55 is connected to the bottom of the cultivation tray 2 located at the lowest level. The upper end portion of the nutrient solution return pipe 55 protrudes above the bottom portion of the cultivation tray 2 in the same manner as the circulation pipe 54, but the lower end portion is located in the nutrient solution tank 3.

上下に隣り合う栽培トレイ2同士においては、上記循環パイプ54の配置関係は互い違いにされている。また、最下段に位置する栽培トレイ2においては、上記養液戻しパイプ55が上記循環パイプ54の配置位とは反対側の縁部に設けられている。すなわち、上記栽培トレイ2に上記養液を上から供給する上記循環パイプ54は、当該栽培トレイ2の一方の縁の側に設けられ、当該栽培トレイ2から上記養液を下側に導く上記循環パイプ54や上記養液戻しパイプ55は、当該栽培トレイ2の他方の縁の側に設けられている。ここで、上記栽培トレイ2に上記養液を上から供給する循環パイプ54と上記養液を下側に導く循環パイプ54や上記養液戻しパイプ55とが近接して位置していると、上からの新しい養液が栽培トレイ2内で満遍なく行き渡る前に下側に導かれるおそれがある。上記のごとく構成すれば、上記栽培トレイ2に上記養液を上から供給する循環パイプ54と上記養液を下側に導く循環パイプ54や上記養液戻しパイプ55とが離れて位置することになり、上からの新しい養液が栽培トレイ内で満遍なく行き渡った後に下側に導かれる。   In the cultivation trays 2 adjacent to each other vertically, the arrangement relationship of the circulation pipes 54 is staggered. Moreover, in the cultivation tray 2 located in the lowest stage, the nutrient solution return pipe 55 is provided at the edge on the side opposite to the position where the circulation pipe 54 is disposed. That is, the circulation pipe 54 for supplying the nutrient solution to the cultivation tray 2 from above is provided on one edge side of the cultivation tray 2, and the circulation for guiding the nutrient solution from the cultivation tray 2 to the lower side. The pipe 54 and the nutrient solution return pipe 55 are provided on the other edge side of the cultivation tray 2. Here, when the circulation pipe 54 that supplies the nutrient solution to the cultivation tray 2 from above, the circulation pipe 54 that guides the nutrient solution to the lower side, and the nutrient solution return pipe 55 are located close to each other, There is a possibility that the new nutrient solution from will be introduced to the lower side before it spreads uniformly in the cultivation tray 2. If comprised as mentioned above, the circulation pipe 54 which supplies the said nutrient solution from the top to the said cultivation tray 2, and the circulation pipe 54 which guides the said nutrient solution below, and the said nutrient solution return pipe 55 will be located away. The new nutrient solution from the top is evenly distributed in the cultivation tray and guided to the lower side.

また、各栽培トレイ2の底部であって上記循環パイプ54の養液供給口が位置する側には、排水システム6における排水パイプ61の上端部が接続されている。各排水パイプ61の上端部の上面は各栽培トレイ2の底部とほぼ面一に設定される。上記排水パイプ61は排水集約パイプ62に連通されており、この排水集約パイプ62の出口端は排水口11に向けられている。   Moreover, the upper end part of the drainage pipe 61 in the drainage system 6 is connected to the bottom of each cultivation tray 2 on the side where the nutrient solution supply port of the circulation pipe 54 is located. The upper surface of the upper end portion of each drainage pipe 61 is set substantially flush with the bottom portion of each cultivation tray 2. The drainage pipe 61 is communicated with a drainage collecting pipe 62, and the outlet end of the drainage collecting pipe 62 is directed to the drainage port 11.

各排水パイプ61には排水制御バルブ63が設けられている。この排水制御バルブ63を開操作すると、対応する栽培トレイ2内に残留している養液が排水パイプ61を通って排水されることになる。   Each drain pipe 61 is provided with a drain control valve 63. When the drainage control valve 63 is opened, the nutrient solution remaining in the corresponding cultivation tray 2 is drained through the drainage pipe 61.

また、上記排水集約パイプ62には直接排水パイプ64の出口端が接続されている。そして、この直接排水パイプ64の入口端は上記循環主パイプ52の下部側に接続されている。また、上記直接排水パイプ64には、直接排水制御バルブ65が接続されている。   Further, the outlet end of the drainage pipe 64 is directly connected to the drainage collecting pipe 62. The inlet end of the direct drain pipe 64 is connected to the lower side of the circulation main pipe 52. A direct drainage control valve 65 is connected to the direct drainage pipe 64.

図2は上記植物栽培装置1において養液循環時の養液の流れを示した斜視図である。この養液循環状態では、上記循環制御バルブ56が開状態とされるとともに上記ポンプ51の電源がオンされ、上記養液タンク3内の養液が上記循環主パイプ52及び上記循環分岐パイプ53を通り、上記循環パイプ54を経て最上段の栽培トレイ2に供給される。上記最上段の栽培トレイ2に供給された養液は、この栽培トレイ2内で満たされて水嵩を増していき、当該栽培トレイ2の底部に連通されている循環パイプ54の上端部を越えて溢れて下段の栽培トレイ2へと導かれる。同様の動作が下段側の栽培トレイ2でも行われ、養液は順次に下段側の栽培トレイ2へと導かれていくことになる。   FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the flow of the nutrient solution during circulation of the nutrient solution in the plant cultivation apparatus 1. In this nutrient solution circulation state, the circulation control valve 56 is opened and the power supply of the pump 51 is turned on, so that the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank 3 passes through the circulation main pipe 52 and the circulation branch pipe 53. As described above, it is supplied to the uppermost cultivation tray 2 via the circulation pipe 54. The nutrient solution supplied to the uppermost cultivation tray 2 is filled in the cultivation tray 2 to increase the water volume, and exceeds the upper end of the circulation pipe 54 communicated with the bottom of the cultivation tray 2. It overflows and is led to the lower cultivation tray 2. The same operation is performed on the lower cultivation tray 2, and the nutrient solution is sequentially guided to the lower cultivation tray 2.

そして、上記養液は、最下段の栽培トレイ2へと導かれ、上記養液戻しパイプ55の上端部を越えて溢れた後に上記養液タンク3内へと戻ることになる。この養液循環状態において上記養液タンク3内の養液が減少すると、上記自動給水装置4のフロート41が降下するので、この自動給水装置4のバルブ42が開状態となってパイプ43から新たな養液が補給される。一方、上記自動給水装置4によって上記養液タンク3内に養液が供給されて所定水位になると、上記フロート41の上昇により上記バルブ42が閉状態となり、上記パイプ43からの養液供給が停止される。なお、上記の所定水位は上記オーバーフロー用配管31の一端側の位置よりも低くされる。   Then, the nutrient solution is guided to the lowermost cultivation tray 2 and overflows beyond the upper end of the nutrient solution return pipe 55 and then returns to the nutrient solution tank 3. When the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank 3 decreases in the nutrient solution circulation state, the float 41 of the automatic water supply device 4 is lowered, so that the valve 42 of the automatic water supply device 4 is opened and a new pipe 43 is opened. Fresh nutrient solution. On the other hand, when the nutrient solution is supplied into the nutrient solution tank 3 by the automatic water feeder 4 and reaches a predetermined water level, the valve 42 is closed due to the rise of the float 41, and the supply of the nutrient solution from the pipe 43 is stopped. Is done. The predetermined water level is set lower than the position on one end side of the overflow pipe 31.

図3は上記植物栽培装置1において全養液排水時の養液の流れを示した斜視図である。この全養液排水状態では全ての排水制御バルブ63が開状態とされ、全ての栽培トレイ2内の養液が排水パイプ61及び上記排水集約パイプ62を通って上記排水口11へと排出される。さらに、この全養液排水状態においては、上記直接排水制御バルブ65も開状態とされるとともに養液循環用の上記ポンプ51の電源もオンされ、上記養液タンク3内の養液が上記直接排水パイプ64を通って上記排水口11へと排出される。このように、養液循環用の上記ポンプ51を用いて上記養液タンク3内の養液を排出するので、別途排水のために専用の排水ポンプを用意するのに比べて低コストを実現しつつ排水の作業負担を軽減することができる。   FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the flow of nutrient solution when all nutrient solution is drained in the plant cultivation apparatus 1. In this total nutrient solution drainage state, all drainage control valves 63 are opened, and the nutrient solution in all cultivation trays 2 is discharged to the drainage port 11 through the drainage pipe 61 and the drainage collecting pipe 62. . Further, in this total nutrient solution drainage state, the direct drainage control valve 65 is also opened, and the power supply of the pump 51 for nutrient solution circulation is also turned on, so that the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank 3 can be directly It is discharged to the drain outlet 11 through the drain pipe 64. Thus, since the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank 3 is discharged using the pump 51 for nutrient solution circulation, the cost can be reduced compared with the case where a dedicated drainage pump is separately prepared for drainage. The work load of drainage can be reduced.

図4は、上記植物栽培装置1において上から2番目の左側の栽培トレイ2についてだけ養液排水を行う場合の養液の流れを示した斜視図である。この場合においては、上から2番目の左側の栽培トレイ2用の排水制御バルブ63だけが開状態とされる。このように、各栽培トレイ2に個別に排水制御バルブ63を設けたので、任意の1個または複数個の栽培トレイ2において例えば育成された植物を出荷して新たに次の植物を育成するために清掃等するときでも、当該栽培トレイ2内に残留する養液をバケツ等で排水する作業を不要にできる。   FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the flow of the nutrient solution when draining the nutrient solution only for the second leftmost cultivation tray 2 in the plant cultivation apparatus 1. In this case, only the drainage control valve 63 for the cultivation tray 2 on the second left side from the top is opened. As described above, since the drainage control valve 63 is individually provided in each cultivation tray 2, for example, a plant grown in any one or a plurality of cultivation trays 2 is shipped and a next plant is newly grown. Even when cleaning or the like, the work of draining the nutrient solution remaining in the cultivation tray 2 with a bucket or the like can be eliminated.

なお、上記バルブ(循環制御バルブ54、排水制御バルブ63、直接排水制御バルブ65)としては、手動操作されるボールバルブ等を用いることができるが、これに限るものではない。例えば、ソレノイド等からなる電動操作バルブを用い、操作盤上での操作によって任意のバルブを遠隔から開閉操作することもできる。また、上記排水制御バルブ63等をパイプの水平箇所に配置したが、パイプの垂直箇所に配置してもよい。また、上記排水口11を複数設けて上記排水集約パイプ62による集約箇所を減らすようにしてもよい。また、上記排水集約パイプ62の先端部にホースを設け、このホースの先端を上記排水口11に接続してもよい。また、上記養液タンク3の縁部に貫通穴を形成し、この貫通穴に継手を固定し、この継手を介して上記養液タンク3の内側に上記自動給水装置4を配置し、上記養液タンク3の外側に上記前室の蛇口に接続されるホースを連結してもよい。また、上記排水パイプ61による養液の排出の効率性を考慮し、棚上で勾配を持たせて上記栽培トレイ2を配置してもよい。   The valves (circulation control valve 54, drainage control valve 63, direct drainage control valve 65) can be manually operated ball valves, but are not limited thereto. For example, an electrically operated valve made of a solenoid or the like can be used, and an arbitrary valve can be remotely opened and closed by an operation on the operation panel. Moreover, although the said drainage control valve 63 grade | etc., Was arrange | positioned in the horizontal location of a pipe, you may arrange | position in the vertical location of a pipe. Further, a plurality of the drain ports 11 may be provided to reduce the number of aggregation points by the drainage aggregation pipe 62. Further, a hose may be provided at the tip of the drainage collecting pipe 62 and the tip of the hose may be connected to the drainage port 11. Further, a through hole is formed in the edge of the nutrient solution tank 3, a joint is fixed to the through hole, the automatic water supply device 4 is disposed inside the nutrient solution tank 3 through the joint, and the nutrient solution A hose connected to the faucet of the front chamber may be connected to the outside of the liquid tank 3. Moreover, the cultivation tray 2 may be arranged with a gradient on the shelf in consideration of the efficiency of discharging the nutrient solution by the drain pipe 61.

また、上記循環パイプ54及び養液戻しパイプ55において、上記栽培トレイ2の底部よりも上側に突き出て位置している部分が着脱自在に設けられていてもよい。このような構造であれば、任意の栽培トレイ2において上記突き出て位置している部分を離脱させ、当該栽培トレイ2から養液を循環パイプ54や養液戻しパイプ55を用いて回収することができる。上記着脱は、ねじ締め構造やテーパ形状等により行える。また、上記の例では、上記循環パイプ54及び養液戻しパイプ55は上記栽培トレイ2の底部に接続したが、これに限らず、上記栽培トレイ2の側板に連通口を形成し、この連通口に上記循環パイプ54や養液戻しパイプ55を接続してもよい。上記排水パイプ61についても、上記栽培トレイ2の側板の下縁に形成した連通口に接続するようにしてもよい。   Moreover, in the said circulation pipe 54 and the nutrient solution return pipe 55, the part which protrudes and is located above the bottom part of the said cultivation tray 2 may be provided so that attachment or detachment is possible. If it is such a structure, the part which protrudes and is located in arbitrary cultivation trays 2 is made to detach | leave, and a nutrient solution can be collect | recovered from the said cultivation tray 2 using the circulation pipe 54 or the nutrient solution return pipe 55. it can. The attachment / detachment can be performed by a screw tightening structure or a tapered shape. In the above example, the circulation pipe 54 and the nutrient solution return pipe 55 are connected to the bottom of the cultivation tray 2. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and a communication port is formed on the side plate of the cultivation tray 2. The circulation pipe 54 and nutrient solution return pipe 55 may be connected to the above. The drain pipe 61 may also be connected to a communication port formed at the lower edge of the side plate of the cultivation tray 2.

1 植物栽培装置
2 栽培トレイ
3 養液タンク
4 自動給水装置
41 フロート
5 養液循環システム
51 ポンプ
52 循環主パイプ
54 循環パイプ
56 循環制御バルブ
6 排水システム
61 排水パイプ
62 排水集約パイプ
63 排水制御バルブ
64 直接排水パイプ
65 直接排水制御バルブ
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Plant cultivation apparatus 2 Cultivation tray 3 Nutrient solution tank 4 Automatic water supply apparatus 41 Float 5 Nutrient solution circulation system 51 Pump 52 Circulation main pipe 54 Circulation pipe 56 Circulation control valve 6 Drainage system 61 Drainage pipe 62 Drainage collection pipe 63 Drainage control valve 64 Direct drain pipe 65 Direct drain control valve

Claims (4)

植物を育成する栽培トレイを上下方向に多段に配置した植物栽培装置において、
養液が貯留される養液タンクと、
この養液タンクから養液をポンプにより汲み上げて上段の栽培トレイから順に下段の栽培トレイへと当該栽培トレイ同士を連通する循環パイプを通して養液を循環させて上記養液タンクに戻す養液循環システムと、
上記栽培トレイに接続された排水パイプ及びこの排水パイプから上記栽培トレイ内の養液を排出する排水制御バルブを備え、上記養液循環システムの循環パイプに上記排水パイプを合流させずに、上記養液タンク外に排水する排水システムと、
を備えたことを特徴とする植物栽培装置。
In the plant cultivation device in which cultivation trays for growing plants are arranged in multiple stages in the vertical direction,
A nutrient solution tank in which the nutrient solution is stored;
A nutrient solution circulation system that pumps the nutrient solution from the nutrient solution tank by a pump and circulates the nutrient solution through a circulation pipe that connects the cultivation trays from the upper cultivation tray to the lower cultivation tray in order and returns the nutrient solution to the nutrient solution tank. When,
A drainage pipe connected to the cultivation tray and a drainage control valve for discharging the nutrient solution in the cultivation tray from the drainage pipe, and without merging the drainage pipe with the circulation pipe of the nutrient solution circulation system, A drainage system for draining outside the liquid tank ;
A plant cultivation apparatus comprising:
請求項1に記載の植物栽培装置において、上記栽培トレイに上記養液を上から供給する循環パイプは当該栽培トレイの一方の縁の側に設けられ、当該栽培トレイから上記養液を下側に導く循環パイプは当該栽培トレイの他方の縁の側に設けられているとともに、上記栽培トレイに対して個別に設けた上記排水制御バルブにより、排水対象となる任意の一つまたは複数の栽培トレイを選択できるようにしたことを特徴とする植物栽培装置。   The plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a circulation pipe for supplying the nutrient solution to the cultivation tray from above is provided on one edge side of the cultivation tray, and the nutrient solution is lowered from the cultivation tray. The circulation pipe for guiding is provided on the other edge side of the cultivation tray, and any one or a plurality of cultivation trays to be drained is provided by the drainage control valve provided individually for the cultivation tray. A plant cultivation device characterized in that it can be selected. 請求項1または請求項2に記載の植物栽培装置において、上記養液タンクの液面変位を検出して水または養液を自動的に上記養液タンクに補給するようにしたことを特徴とする植物栽培装置。   The plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the liquid level displacement of the nutrient solution tank is detected and water or nutrient solution is automatically replenished to the nutrient solution tank. Plant cultivation equipment. 請求項1〜請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の植物栽培装置において、上記ポンプにより上記養液タンクから汲み上げた養液を、上記栽培トレイを経由させずに、上記排水システムの直接排水パイプを経由させて上記養液タンク外に直接排水する排水処理が行えるようにしたことを特徴とする植物栽培装置。

The plant cultivation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the nutrient solution pumped from the nutrient solution tank by the pump is not directly routed through the cultivation tray, and is directly drained from the drainage system. A plant cultivation apparatus characterized in that drainage treatment can be performed to drain directly to the outside of the nutrient solution tank .

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CN108811975A (en) * 2018-04-03 2018-11-16 金华市全宇农业科技有限公司 Multifunctional vegetable multidecker cultivating device
US11229169B2 (en) 2018-07-23 2022-01-25 The Green Room L.L.C. Hydroponic growth system
US11019775B1 (en) * 2020-03-16 2021-06-01 Nafertino Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. Water-circulation irrigation system
IT202200022209A1 (en) * 2022-10-28 2024-04-28 Green Earth S R L HYDROPONIC CULTURE DEVICE

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