JP6011492B2 - Shock compression testing machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an impact compression testing machine that applies a shocking compressive load to a test piece.

  In a compression test in which a compressive load is applied to a test body, the test body is placed between test members such as platens facing each other, and one of the platens is pushed out closer to the other platen by an actuator. A compressive load is applied to the body (see Patent Document 1). Further, when a thin plate, a small-diameter round bar, or the like is compressed in the longitudinal direction, a guide for controlling the lateral displacement of the test piece may be used to prevent the test piece from buckling.

  Also in an impact compression tester that applies a shocking compressive load to a test piece, a load mechanism equivalent to the compression tester of Patent Document 1 is employed. In the impact compression test, a test piece is attached to a test member on the fixed side. The moving test member on which the indenter is disposed is pushed out at a high speed so as to approach the fixed test member by an actuator, thereby applying a shocking compressive load to the test piece.

  In such an impact compression test, an impact compression tester equipped with an actuator that can be driven at high speed is used. If the test member pushed out by the actuator does not stop immediately after the test piece is destroyed and overruns, a large force is applied to the test member, load detector such as a load cell connected to the test member, indenter, actuator, etc. This causes a problem that the members are damaged.

  For this reason, an air cylinder that applies a force opposite to the direction in which the load is applied during the test is provided on the fixed-side test member, and when the overload is applied to the test piece, the fixed-side test member is An overload prevention mechanism that absorbs impact force by displacing in the acting direction has been proposed (see Patent Document 2).

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-153158 JP 2006-275607 A

  However, in the overload prevention mechanism described in Patent Document 2, when the test speed is extremely high, the overload prevention mechanism immediately responds to the impact force at the moment when the indenter disposed on the moving-side test member collides with the test piece. Cannot absorb the momentary overload sufficiently. For this reason, an indenter, a load cell, a guide, etc. may be damaged.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide an impact compression tester capable of reducing damage to the apparatus due to overload.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, in an impact compression tester for applying an impact compression load to a test piece, a load actuator and an indenter to be brought into contact with the test piece are arranged and moved by the load actuator. A moving-side test member, a guide portion for preventing buckling of the test piece, and a fixed-side test member for supporting the test piece to be placed at a test position and the load actuator A load detector for detecting the magnitude of the load applied to the piece, the guide portion being fixed to the main body portion of the fixed-side test member; and the fixed guide portion than the fixed guide portion A movable guide portion disposed at a position close to the moving-side test member, wherein the movable guide portion moves to the fixed guide portion side when the indenter collides.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the guide portion includes a plurality of support columns penetrating through holes formed in the movable guide portion, and the movable guide portion includes the plurality of support columns. It can move with respect to the support pillars and is locked to the plurality of support pillars by the frictional force between the contact member provided on at least one end side of the opening of the hole and the outer peripheral surface of each support pillar.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect of the present invention, the plurality of struts pass through a hole formed in the fixed guide portion, and a groove formed at one end is provided in the fixed guide portion. When the arranged engaging member is engaged, it is locked to the fixed guide portion.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to third aspects, the movable guide portion has a hole for inserting the test piece, and the movable guide portion. Includes an adjustment plate that moves to change the size of the hole according to the thickness of the test piece.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the invention according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, a hole for inserting the test piece is formed in the fixed guide portion, and the fixed guide portion Includes an adjustment plate that moves to change the size of the hole according to the thickness of the test piece.

  The invention according to claim 6 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the load detector is disposed on each of the moving side test member and the fixed side test member. .

  The invention according to claim 7 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a guard mechanism for preventing the indenter from contacting the guide portion, and the guard mechanism. Is provided around the indenter of the moving side test member, and is provided around a cylindrical guard part whose tip is substantially flush with the tip of the indenter, and around the guide part of the fixed side test member, A receiving portion having an elastic member disposed on a surface facing the end portion of the cylindrical guard portion.

  The invention according to claim 8 is an overload in which, in the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the fixed-side test member is displaced by the action of a preset force and absorbs an impact. A prevention mechanism is provided.

  The invention according to claim 9 is the invention according to claim 8, wherein the load actuator is a hydraulic cylinder, and the overload prevention mechanism is a hydraulic pressure that supports the fixed-side test member movably by a cylinder rod. It comprises a cylinder and an accumulator for accumulating the pressure of hydraulic oil supplied from a hydraulic source of a hydraulic cylinder as the load actuator.

  According to invention of Claim 1 and Claim 2, the fixed guide part fixed to the main-body part of a fixed side test member, and the movable guide part arrange | positioned in the position closer to a movement side test member than a fixed guide part And a guide part for preventing buckling of the test piece, the movable guide part when the indenter collides with the test piece and further displaces after compressing the test piece and the indenter contacts the movable guide part. Moves to the fixed guide side. In this way, since the movable guide part moves in a direction away from the indenter, it is possible to prevent transmission through the guide part of an overload caused by the indenter colliding with the guide part and reduce damage to the device. Become.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the support for locking the movable guide portion is configured to be movable with respect to the fixed guide portion, the indenter comes into contact with the support when the indenter collides with the test piece. Even in such a case, it is possible to reduce the damage to the apparatus by moving the support column in a direction away from the indenter.

  According to the invention of claim 4 and claim 5, in the guide part, the size of the hole part into which the test piece is inserted can be changed by the adjusting plate according to the thickness of the test piece. It is possible to prevent buckling of test pieces having various thicknesses such as a test piece to which a homogeneous plate material called a tab is bonded and a plate-like test piece having a predetermined thickness as a whole.

  According to the invention described in claim 6, since the load detector is provided on both the fixed side test member and the moving side test member, the impact compression load from the side applied to the test piece and the test piece are interposed. Thus, it is possible to accurately determine the impact compression load received by the test piece from the impact compression load transmitted.

  According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, since the guard mechanism is provided, even if the test piece receives an impact compression load and is momentarily crushed and the braking on the load actuator side is not in time, the guard mechanism can overload. It is possible to absorb the load and reduce damage to the device.

  According to the invention described in claim 8, since the fixed-side test member is provided with an overload prevention mechanism that absorbs an impact by being displaced by the action of a preset force, the damage to the apparatus can be further reduced. Is possible.

  According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, since the hydraulic cylinder is employed for the load actuator and the power for moving the stationary test member of the overload prevention mechanism, the hydraulic source can be shared. In this way, it is possible to suppress an increase in the space of the apparatus without separately providing a drive source for driving the overload prevention mechanism.

1 is a schematic view of an impact compression testing machine according to the present invention. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a moving side test member 60 and a fixed side test member 70. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a guide unit 80. FIG. FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of a guide part 80. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the guide portion 80 taken along line AA. FIG. 6 is an exploded schematic view of the guide section 80 taken along line BB.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an impact compression testing machine according to the present invention.

  This shock compression tester includes a pair of columns 12 supported by a table 11 and a yoke 13 supported by these columns 12. The yoke 13 is provided with a hydraulic cylinder 21 as a load actuator for applying a compressive load to the test piece 10. The hydraulic cylinder 21 is connected to a servo valve 22 that determines the amount of hydraulic oil supplied based on the valve opening, and a displacement detector 26 that detects the displacement of the cylinder rod 25 of the hydraulic cylinder 21. A moving side test member 60 that moves together with the cylinder rod 25 is connected to the cylinder rod 25 of the hydraulic cylinder 21. The moving side test member 60 is provided with a load cell 61 as a load detector for detecting a load applied to the test piece 10 from the hydraulic cylinder 21.

  Below the table 11, a hydraulic cylinder 51 is disposed that supports the fixed-side test member 70 for supporting the test piece 10 and disposing it at the test position at a predetermined position. On the table 11, the fixed-side test member 70 is arranged in a state supported by the cylinder rod 55 of the hydraulic cylinder 51 that penetrates the table 11. The stationary test member 70 is provided with a load cell 71 for detecting the load received by the test piece 10.

  The impact compression tester includes a control unit 40 for controlling the entire apparatus, and a hydraulic source 30 for supplying hydraulic oil for operating the hydraulic cylinder 21 and the hydraulic cylinder 51.

  The control unit 40 is connected to an input / output computer 43 including a display unit 41 and an input unit 42. The operation of the servo valve 22 described above is controlled by a control signal supplied from the control unit 40. Further, the output signal of the displacement detector 26 and the output signals of the load cell 61 and the load cell 71 are taken into the control unit 40 at predetermined intervals during the execution of the impact compression test.

  The hydraulic cylinder 21 and the hydraulic cylinder 51 are operated by hydraulic oil supplied from the hydraulic source 30. The hydraulic oil is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 21 from the pipeline 37 through the servo valve 22 by driving a hydraulic pump (not shown) disposed in the hydraulic source 30. In addition, the pressure of the pipe line 37 is adjusted by adjusting the discharge pressure of the hydraulic pump by a relief valve (not shown) disposed in the hydraulic power source 30. An accumulator 23 is provided in the pipe 37, and the cylinder rod 25 can be extended (lowered) at a high speed using the pressure accumulated in the accumulator 23. The hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic cylinder 21 is returned to the hydraulic power source 30 via the servo valve 22 and the pipe line 38.

  Further, the hydraulic oil is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 51 from a pipeline 39 branched from the pipeline 37. The conduit 39 is provided with an accumulator 53 and an opening / closing valve 56. By opening the opening / closing valve 56, hydraulic oil from the hydraulic source 30 is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 51, and a fixed test member 70 is attached to the accumulator 53. Accumulate pressure to support at the position. In addition, a branch pipe 59 to which a pressure gauge 57 is connected is provided on the hydraulic cylinder 51 side of the pipeline 39, and the pressure supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 51 can be checked by appropriately opening and closing the on-off valve 58. .

  In the impact compression testing machine having the above-described configuration, the cylinder rod 25 of the hydraulic cylinder 21 is moved at a high speed (for example, a speed exceeding 100 mm / second) in a state where the test piece 10 is disposed on the fixed-side test member 70. The test piece 10 is lowered and an impact compressive load is applied to the test piece 10. The amount of movement of the cylinder rod 25 in the hydraulic cylinder 21 at this time is detected by the displacement detector 26. At this time, the test force applied to the test piece 10 is detected by the load cell 61, and the test force received by the test piece 10 is detected by the load cell 71. As described above, the output signal of the displacement detector 26 and the output signals of the load cell 61 and the load cell 71 at this time are taken into the control unit 40 every predetermined time.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the moving side test member 60 and the fixed side test member 70.

  The moving-side test member 60 is fixed to the tip of the cylinder rod 25 of the hydraulic cylinder 21 disposed in the yoke 13 and moves along the load shaft as the cylinder rod 25 expands and contracts. The moving-side test member 60 includes a load cell 61 provided with an indenter 62 to be brought into contact with the test piece 10 at the tip, and a cylindrical guard portion 65 provided around the load cell 61 and the indenter 62. The cylindrical guard portion 65 has such a length that its tip end is substantially flush with the tip of the indenter 62.

  The fixed-side test member 70 has a main body 74 fixed to the tip of the cylinder rod 55 of the hydraulic cylinder 51 and is disposed at a predetermined position by the action of the hydraulic cylinder 51 and the accumulator 53. The fixed-side test member 70 includes a load cell 71 having an indenter 72 disposed at the tip in the main body 74, and a guide for preventing buckling of the test piece 10 on the side facing the moving-side test member 60. Part 80. The guide portion 80 includes a fixed guide portion 86 fixed to the main body portion 74 and a movable guide portion 81 configured to be movable toward the fixed guide portion 86 when the indenter 62 of the moving side test member 60 collides. The stationary test member 70 includes a receiving portion 76 provided around the guide portion 80.

  The test piece 10 is inserted into a hole portion 96 that passes through a fixed guide portion 86 and a hole portion 95 that passes through the movable guide portion 81 shown in FIG. The test piece 10 is supported at one end by the indenter 72 of the fixed-side test member 70, and the other end is slightly protruded from the end surface of the movable guide portion 81 on the moving-side test member 60 side and the end surface of the receiving portion 76. Then, it is arranged on the fixed-side test member 70.

  A rubber member 78 that is an elastic member is disposed on a surface of the receiving portion 76 that faces the tip of the cylindrical guard portion 65 of the moving side test member 60. When the moving side test member 60 is pushed out by the hydraulic cylinder 21 and the indenter 62 collides with the test piece 10, the receiving part 76 collides with the guide portion 80 or the like that supports the test piece 10 and is damaged. And the rubber guard 78 receives the cylindrical guard portion 65 whose tip is substantially flush with the tip of the indenter 62. Thus, the cylindrical guard portion 65 of the moving side test member 60 and the receiving portion 76 of the fixed side test member 70 constitute a guard mechanism of the present invention.

  Next, the guide unit 80 will be described in more detail. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the guide unit 80. 4 is a side sectional view of the guide portion 80, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line AA. FIG. 6 is an exploded schematic view of the guide portion 80 taken along line BB.

  The fixed guide portion 86 and the movable guide portion 81 are connected by the four pillars 85 penetrating the hole portion 92 provided in the fixed guide portion 86 and the hole portion 91 provided in the movable guide portion 81. In order to prevent the indenter 62, the load cell 61 and the like from being damaged by direct contact with the movable guide 81 when the indenter 62 collides with the test piece 10 on the surface of the movable guide 81 facing the moving side test member 60. A rubber member 83 is provided.

  The movable guide portion 81 includes a pair of adjustment plates 93 that adjust the size of the hole portion 95 according to the thickness of the test piece 10. The pair of adjusting plates 93 are moved toward or away from each other by the action of the screw 82. The pair of adjustment plates 93 are arranged so as to be attached to the test piece 10 with a slight gap, rather than sandwiching the test piece 10. By adopting a configuration in which the adjustment plate 93 can be moved according to the thickness of the test piece 10, buckling of the test pieces 10 having various thicknesses can be prevented.

  An O-ring 84 is provided at one end (lower end side) of each hole 91 formed in the movable guide portion 81, and each O-ring 84 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the support column 85. For this reason, the movable guide portion 81 is movable with respect to the support column 85 in a state where the test piece 10 is inserted into the hole portion 95, and between the outer peripheral surface of the support column 85 and the O-ring 84 as a contact member. Due to the frictional force, the column 85 is locked at a predetermined position.

  The fixed guide portion 86 is fixed to the main body portion 74 of the fixed-side test member 70 by inserting and fastening the fixing bolt 88 into the hole portion 89. The fixed guide portion 86 includes a pair of adjustment plates 94 that adjust the size of the hole 96 into which the test piece 10 is inserted in accordance with the thickness of the test piece 10. The pair of adjustment plates 94 are moved closer to or away from each other by the action of the screws 87. The pair of adjustment plates 94 are arranged so as to be attached to the test piece 10 with a slight gap, rather than sandwiching the test piece 10. Therefore, the impact compression load received by the test piece 10 can be correctly measured by the load cell 71 via the indenter 72 that supports the lower end of the test piece 10. Moreover, buckling of the test piece 10 having various thicknesses can be prevented by adopting a configuration in which the adjustment plate 94 can be moved according to the thickness of the test piece 10.

  The fixed guide portion 86 is provided with a hole portion 92 through which the support column 85 penetrates. Further, each hole portion 92 is formed near the end portion of the support column 85 opposite to the side where the movable guide portion 81 is disposed. A ball plunger 97 that engages with the groove 98 is provided. As indicated by phantom lines in FIG. 6, the support column 85 that supports the movable guide portion 81 by the ball plunger 97 is movably locked to the fixed guide portion 86.

  This guide portion 80 is formed by connecting the fixed guide portion 86 and the movable guide portion 81 with the support column 85, so that a strain gauge is attached to the central portion of the test piece 10 between the fixed guide portion 86 and the movable guide portion 81. A space that can be easily installed is secured. 2 to 4, for example, by attaching a plate called a tab to a portion that comes into contact with the adjustment plate 93 and the adjustment plate 94, a test with a constricted shape in which the central portion is thinner than other portions in appearance. Although the piece 10 is illustrated, the shape of the test piece 10 is not limited to this.

  Next, an operation when the impact compression test is performed by the above-described impact compression tester will be described. When the material test of the test piece 10 is performed by the impact compression tester according to the present invention, the hydraulic power source 30 is first activated. At this time, a hydraulic pump (not shown) is driven to accumulate the accumulator 23 with the servo valve 22 closed. At this time, if the on-off valve 56 of the pipe line 39 is kept open, the accumulator 53 is also accumulated. Here, if the accumulator 53 can accumulate to a sufficient pressure, the on-off valve 56 can be closed during the execution of the test.

  Thereafter, when a test execution signal is input from the input unit 42, the servo valve 22 is opened, the hydraulic oil is discharged from the oil chamber connected to the pipe line 38 of the hydraulic cylinder 21, and the pipe of the hydraulic cylinder 21. By introducing the pressure accumulated in the accumulator 23 into the oil chamber connected to the passage 37, the moving side test member 60 together with the cylinder rod 25 is disposed on the fixed side test member 70 while being guided by the guide portion 80. Extruded toward the test piece 10.

  When the indenter 62 collides with the test piece 10 and the test piece 10 is greatly compressed by the impact at that time, the tip of the cylindrical guard portion 65 provided around the indenter 62 is subsequently fixed to the fixed test member. It contacts a receiving portion 76 provided around the guide portion 80 on the 70 side. Since the receiving portion 76 receives the tip of the cylindrical guard portion 65 by the rubber member 78, the tip of the cylindrical guard portion 65 is momentarily cut into the rubber member 78. Then, the indenter 62 comes into contact with the upper portion of the movable guide portion 81, and the indenter 62 pushes the movable guide portion 81.

  When a force from the indenter 62 is applied to the movable guide portion 81, the movable guide portion 81 locked to the support column 85 by the O-ring overcomes the locking force by the O-ring and slides to the fixed guide portion 86 side. . As a result, the indenter 62 is further brought into contact with the guide portion 80 and further overload is prevented, so that the load cell 61, the load cell 71 and the like are prevented from being damaged. The indenter 62 is stopped at a position defined by a guard mechanism formed by the cylindrical guard portion 65 and the receiving portion 76.

  Further, since the support 85 is locked to the fixed guide portion 86 by the ball plunger 97, for example, the tip diameter of the indenter 62 is large, and when the indenter 62 collides with the test piece 10, the indenter 62 is placed at the upper end of the support 85. In the case of contact, the support column 85 moves in the load direction (downward direction) together with the movable guide portion 81. In other words, the force in the load direction is received through the indenter 62, the locking by the ball plunger 97 is released, and the column 85 moves relative to the fixed guide portion 86. This prevents further overloading of the indenter 62.

  In this embodiment, the support force of the O-ring 84 that locks the movable guide portion 81 at a predetermined position of the support column 85 is weaker than the support force of the ball plunger 97 that supports the support column 85. . This is to reduce the number of operations of repeating the high-speed movement of the column 85 by the ball plunger 97 and prevent the ball plunger 97 from deteriorating early by performing the movement of the movable guide portion 81 with as little resistance as possible. .

  Further, in this embodiment, the fixed-side test member is provided with a hydraulic cylinder 51 and an accumulator 53 as an overload prevention mechanism that is displaced by the action of a preset force and absorbs an impact. When an overload is applied, the cylinder rod 55 of the hydraulic cylinder 51 moves in the load direction (downward), and the fixed-side test member 70 is moved away from the moving-side test member 60 having the indenter 62. Thereby, damage to the indenter 62, the load cell 61, the load cell 71, etc. can be further prevented.

  In this embodiment, since the hydraulic cylinder 51 and the accumulator 53 are employed in the overload prevention mechanism, it is possible to share the hydraulic cylinder 21 as the load actuator and the hydraulic power source 30, and the device space is reduced. Expansion can be suppressed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Test piece 11 Table 12 Column 13 Yoke 21 Hydraulic cylinder 22 Servo valve 23 Accumulator 25 Cylinder rod 26 Displacement detector 30 Hydraulic source 37 Pipe line 38 Pipe line 39 Pipe line 40 Control part 41 Display part 42 Input part 43 I / O computer 51 Hydraulic cylinder 53 Accumulator 55 Cylinder rod 56 Open / close valve 57 Pressure gauge 58 Open / close valve 59 Branch pipe 60 Moving side test member 61 Load cell 62 Indenter 65 Cylindrical guard portion 70 Fixed side test member 71 Load cell 72 Indenter 74 Main body portion 76 Receiving portion 78 Rubber member 80 Guide part 81 Movable guide part 82 Screw 83 Rubber member 84 O-ring 85 Post column 86 Fixed guide part 87 Screw 91 Hole part 92 Hole part 93 Adjustment plate 94 Adjustment plate 95 Hole part 96 Hole part 97 Ball plunger 8 groove

Claims (9)

In an impact compression tester that applies an impact compression load to a test piece,
A load actuator;
An indenter to be brought into contact with the test piece, and a moving side test member that is moved by the load actuator;
A guide part for preventing buckling of the test piece is provided, and a fixed-side test member for supporting the test piece and arranging it at a test position;
A load detector for detecting the magnitude of the load applied to the test piece by the load actuator;
With
The guide portion includes a fixed guide portion fixed to a main body portion of the fixed-side test member, and a movable guide portion disposed at a position closer to the moving-side test member than the fixed guide portion,
The movable compression part is an impact compression tester which moves to the fixed guide part side when the indenter collides. In the impact compression testing machine according to claim 1,
The guide portion includes a plurality of struts that pass through holes formed in the movable guide portion,
The movable guide portion is movable with respect to the plurality of struts, and is applied to the plurality of struts by a frictional force between an abutting member provided on at least one end side of the opening of the hole and an outer peripheral surface of each strut. Locked impact compression tester. In the impact compression testing machine according to claim 2,
The plurality of struts pass through a hole formed in the fixed guide portion, and an engagement member disposed in the fixed guide portion engages with a groove formed at one end, whereby the fixed guide portion Impact compression testing machine locked to In the impact compression testing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The movable guide part is formed with a hole for inserting the test piece, and the movable guide part is moved to change the size of the hole according to the thickness of the test piece. Shock compression testing machine. In the impact compression testing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The fixed guide part is formed with a hole for inserting the test piece, and the fixed guide part is moved to change the size of the hole according to the thickness of the test piece. Shock compression testing machine. In the impact compression tester according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The load detector is an impact compression testing machine disposed on each of the moving side test member and the fixed side test member. In the impact compression testing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
A guard mechanism for preventing the indenter from contacting the guide portion;
The guard mechanism is
A cylindrical guard portion that is provided around the indenter of the moving-side test member, and whose tip is substantially flush with the tip of the indenter,
A receiving portion that is provided around the guide portion of the fixed-side test member, and an elastic member is disposed on a surface facing the end portion of the cylindrical guard portion;
Shock compression testing machine. In the impact compression testing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
An impact compression tester comprising an overload prevention mechanism in which the fixed-side test member is displaced by the action of a preset force and absorbs an impact. The impact compression tester according to claim 8,
The load actuator is a hydraulic cylinder;
The overload prevention mechanism accumulates the pressure of hydraulic oil that is branched and supplied from a hydraulic cylinder that supports the fixed-side test member so as to be movable by a cylinder rod, and a hydraulic cylinder that serves as the load actuator. Impact compression testing machine consisting of an accumulator.

Images