JP6007542B2 - Binocular vision evaluation apparatus, binocular vision evaluation method, and program - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a binocular visual acuity evaluation apparatus for specifying and evaluating individual visual acuity.

  In recent years, research and development relating to display technology for stereoscopic image information (still images and moving images) has been rapidly progressing against the background of miniaturization of semiconductors and liquid crystal display elements and improvement of high-speed processing performance. As a result of the establishment of these series of technologies, the development and commercialization of stereoscopic image information presentation equipment and its spread began. However, even if various methods for presenting image information that can provide clues to depth perception are established, viewers (users) who use the presentation devices that utilize those technologies are unspecified. And visual information about the effects of the binocular stereoscopic function of the viewer and the viewer on the assumption that the viewer's binocular visual function is present, the degree of fatigue, and the series of fusion functions that lead to brain function Concerns about becoming excessive are beginning to increase. Specifically, there are concerns about the quality and degree of acquired information, such as binocular rivalry, and the impact on information processing systems.

  Visual acuity means matters limited to the scope of orthodontic training for the recovery of binocular visual function and the necessary inspection (Article 17 of the Visual Acupuncturist Act). Binocular stereoscopic video presentation reduces the burden on binocularity (such as to the left and right eyes) by reducing the so-called fusible (range) threshold in a direction with less burden. Tend to produce presentation information such as reducing the parallax / binocular parallax) (adjustment (accommodation), convergence (conver-gence), and limiting the continuous presentation time of intensity load) is there. The purpose is to ensure viewer protection and safety. However, this seems to be one of the reasons why many people feel that the presented information is unsatisfactory and a short-lived 3D (3-dimensional) boom that is repeated each time is repeated. Regardless of the fact that the attempt to present and acquire new 3D image information has become an effort to establish and develop image information viewing methods using the latest information presentation technology from time to time, unfortunately it has periodicity. It becomes a trendy item for a short period of time, and the expectation and impression are easy to fade, which is one of the reasons why sustainability and continuity cannot be maintained.

  Visual information is said to occupy about 85% of the amount of information acquired as a means of human information acquisition. Although it is the visual information, it is difficult to say that the actual situation of binocular stereoscopic vision has been sufficiently elucidated and understood. Estimates from the results of past experimental studies show that the percentage of people who are not good at binocular vision and who have monocular vision instead of so-called binocular single vision is about 5-7%. It is thought that it occupies. However, there are many monocular vision functions (one-eye suppression / sup-pressed eye, vergence / motor fusion) due to lack of training in stereoscopic vision. Many of these people can acquire stereoscopic vision in a short period of training by training appropriate binocular (stereoscopic) vision (fusion function; retina / sensory fusion). It has been confirmed that it will change so that it can continue to be used. It is assumed that there is less than 3% of people who do not obtain binocular stereopsis even after training based on these research results. In this way, it is assumed that even those who do not have binocular stereoscopic vision but who have binocular vision function but have not fully utilized binocular stereoscopic vision due to lack of training etc. The creation of stereoscopic image content that is concerned about the impact on viewers' visual acuity, which is 10% or less of the number of viewers, is also considered to be one of the reasons for the transient 3D boom.

  The viewer's perception of depth and depth can learn about depth and positional relationships from past experiences and memorize them, so that the positional relationships can be roughly grasped, so 3D viewing is impressed. It can easily be assumed that it will not be able to give. However, if possible, it is desirable to be able to provide a stereoscopic presentation method corresponding to each visual acuity by separately grasping the difference in the degree of binocular stereoscopic vision (strength and tolerance) depending on the person. As an attempt to pursue the comfort of vision, which is a function with great individual differences, efforts have been made historically to acquire individual vision starting with vision, including development and aging. With regard to binocular stereopsis, it is thought that there is no need to discuss the need for a study to propose a comfortable viewing method suitable for each vision.

  Other possible reasons for not being able to make full use of conventional research results include the diversity of visual acuity measurement methods and the existence of specific experimental devices. That is, it is a prerequisite that the eyesight measuring device is easily obtained and utilized, and that a measuring system with a simple measuring method is established and spread. In Japan, guidelines for 3D content have already been shown, but the spread of a mechanism that facilitates understanding of binocular stereoscopic vision cannot catch up with the rapid spread of stereoscopic image presentation devices. In addition, there remain problems such as concerns about developmental disorders in the age group (around 5-14 years old) in the middle of brain development.

  Therefore, a mechanism that is easy to obtain and measure and that is easy to construct, and that allows viewers who want to use stereoscopic (3D) information presentation equipment to easily determine their own vision, There is a demand for a leveling method of visual acuity that enables content production with suitable 3D stimulus values.

  In particular, in recent years, a technique for providing a stereoscopic image (a still image or a moving image) that allows a viewer to perceive a stereoscopic effect or a sense of depth has become popular. There are various presentation methods, for example, the following methods are known.

  The line-by-line method reproduces a right-eye image and a left-eye image on the same plane by alternately dividing the screen into a right-eye image line and a left-eye image line. . Similarly, in the checker sampling method, right and left images are mixed and reproduced by arranging left and right images in a staggered manner for each pixel. On the other hand, in the frame sequential method, left-eye images and right-eye images are alternately reproduced at high speed, and dedicated glasses that alternately open and close the left and right lenses in synchronization with the video are worn. According to the frame sequential method, since the number of pixels per eye is not impaired, a high-quality stereoscopic image can be acquired.

  However, the ability to perceive such a stereoscopic image (binocular vision) is not necessarily something that everyone can have. In general, binocular vision is a function of integrating different images for the left and right eyes that appear on the retina and viewing them simultaneously, and combining the same retina images that appear on the retina corresponding points of the left and right eyes. The fusion that is a function to perceive as one object, and the formation of the fusion, it is classified into stereoscopic vision that is a function to perceive stereoscopic effect from the image shift due to binocular parallax, You cannot enjoy stereoscopic images. In addition, since such visual perception events are personal and subjective, it is difficult to share and compare with others, and the person cannot recognize it or cannot recognize it even if it is recognized. There may be a problem of giving up.

  In recent years, with the rapid increase in workers due to the generalization of VDT (Visual Display Terminals) work, the health management of VDT workers has become a problem. As part of that effort, for example, guidelines for sanitary labor management in VDT work have been formulated ("Guidelines for occupational health management in VDT work"; 2002; Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare). In such guidelines, the state of health and safety management is presented for each work category according to the work content and work time. One of the recommended tests is the eye position test. This is because, for example, in the oblique position, extra eye muscle movement is required for the line-of-sight control compared to the normal position, so that fatigue in a long-time task is difficult to be eliminated, and eye strain that leads to a so-called fatigue state is likely to occur. Because. Such examinations relating to binocular vision have significant implications for the allocation of human resources suitable for each work category, the provision of a work environment, and appropriate refractive correction.

  For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a binocular visual acuity inspection apparatus that can perform inspection in a state close to natural vision by using polarized glasses.

JP 2000-325310 A

  The binocular vision testing device described in Patent Document 1 quantitatively measures a localized sensitivity-reduced portion (suppression dark spot) in a retina-corresponding region in the visual field, which results from a visual field struggle due to strabismus and amblyopia. is there.

  However, such poor binocular vision is not always due to an organic problem. For example, it is considered that there are many cases simply due to immaturity of the extraocular muscle adjustment exercise. However, since no clear evaluation criteria have been established for binocular vision, particularly fusion ability and stereoscopic vision, it has been difficult to perform systematic evaluation.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a binocular visual acuity evaluation apparatus that can perform systematic evaluation on fusion power and stereoscopic vision.

That is, the binocular visual acuity evaluation apparatus according to the present invention has an inspection processing unit that collects user inspection results for a plurality of inspection items for binocular visual evaluation, and a predetermined weight determined for each inspection item. And a determination processing unit that performs weighting based on the evaluation and evaluates the binocular vision .

  It is possible to provide a binocular visual acuity evaluation apparatus that systematically evaluates fusion ability and stereoscopic vision.

It is a schematic block diagram for demonstrating the structure of the binocular vision evaluation system 1 which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. 5 is a schematic explanatory diagram of subject information 1210. FIG. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the determination table 1230. FIG. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the score table 1241 and the weighting coefficient table 1242. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the comprehensive determination table 1250. 3 is a schematic diagram of a determination screen 200. FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining processing executed by a control unit 110. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the determination process which the determination process part 113 performs. It is a block diagram for demonstrating the hardware constitutions of the binocular vision evaluation apparatus. (A) It is a target of the adjustment time measurement test. (B) Left and right eye turning angle measurement test target. (C) It is an example of a VAS test. (A)-(f) It is a distribution map which shows the visual acuity distribution according to the level for every evaluation test item in Example 1. FIG. It is a distribution map which sees distribution according to level of the appearance number of the person in whom fatigue increased in Example 2. FIG. (A) It is a distribution map which shows the relationship between the level in Example 1, and a total score (before weighting). (B) It is a distribution map which shows the relationship between the level in Example 1, and a total score (after weighting).

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining the configuration of the binocular vision evaluation system 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the binocular vision evaluation system 1 according to the present invention is connected to the binocular vision evaluation apparatus 10 and the binocular vision evaluation apparatus 10 directly or via a network (not shown). One or a plurality of inspection devices 20.

  The binocular visual acuity evaluation apparatus 10 collects the results of examinations regarding binocular visual acuity and systematically and comprehensively evaluates the binocular visual acuity of the subject, particularly the fusion ability and stereoscopic vision based on the data. Device. As shown in the figure, the binocular vision evaluation apparatus 10 includes a control unit 110, a storage unit 120, a display unit 130, an input unit 140, an input / output interface unit (hereinafter referred to as an I / F unit) 150, It has.

  The display unit 130 displays the graphics information generated by the control unit 110.

  The input unit 140 receives an operation instruction from the user and sends operation information to the control unit 110.

  The I / F unit 150 connects each device and functional unit of the binocular vision evaluation apparatus 10 and between the binocular vision evaluation apparatus 10 and an external device so that signals can be transmitted and received. In addition, an interface between a network (not shown) and each functional unit is provided.

  The storage unit 120 includes a subject information storage area 121, an examination information storage area 122, and a determination information storage area 123.

  The subject information storage area 121 stores subject information 1210 that is information about the subject. FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory diagram of the subject information 1210.

  The subject information 1210 includes, for example, a subject ID storage region 1211 for storing a subject ID that is information for specifying a subject, and a test result storage region 1212 for storing a test result for each test item described below. ing.

  In the subject information 1210, a new subject is created and a unique subject ID is given each time a new subject is registered. Each record has an inspection result storage area 1212 for storing a plurality of inspection results. When an inspection result corresponding to each inspection item is received, the value is updated as needed.

  Any inspection item may be used as long as it can be used as an evaluation criterion for binocular vision. Here, examination items that can be expressed by seven numerical values relating to visual acuity are listed and used as determination parameters. That is, stereo test to judge basic stereoscopic vision, adjustment time measurement test, flicker test to judge tolerance and physiological basic elements, duration measurement test, breaking strength measurement test, right and left eye rotation angle Binocular visual acuity shall be measured with 7 test items of measurement test and deep vision measurement test.

  In the test result storage area 1212 of the subject information 1210 of this embodiment, the parallax angle storage area 1212a for storing the result of the stereo test, the adjustment time storage area 1212b for storing the result of the adjustment time measurement test, and the flicker Flicker value storage area 1212c for storing the result of the test, Duration storage area 1212d for storing the result of the duration measurement test, Breaking strength storage area 1212e for storing the result of the breaking strength measurement test, Left-right eye rotation angle measurement A rotation angle storage area 1212f for storing the results of the test and a deep vision storage area 1212g for storing the results of the deep vision measurement test are provided. Details of the inspection contents will be described later.

  In addition, about the said inspection item, it is not necessarily this limitation, It can arrange freely. That is, the above inspection items are not necessarily required for determining the stereoscopic vision. For example, it is not necessary to provide items for the left-right eye rotation angle measurement test and the deep visual acuity measurement test, and conversely, inspections such as inner oblique position, outer oblique position, upper oblique position, and lower oblique position can be further added.

  The inspection information storage area 122 stores information necessary for executing the inspection program executed by the control unit 110. For example, information such as a video, an image, a document, or the like serving as a target.

  In the determination information storage area 123, a determination table 1230 serving as a reference for evaluating the basic level in each inspection item, a score table 1241 and a weight coefficient table 1240 for converting the basic level in each inspection item into scores, An overall determination table 1250 for determining the overall level of stereoscopic vision from the score is stored in advance.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory diagram of the determination table 1230. The determination table 1230 is referred to when determining the basic level based on the inspection item in each of the inspection items, and includes a level storage area 1231 in which a basic level as an arbitrary class is stored, and each level corresponding to the basic level. And a reference range storage area 1232 for storing a reference range of the inspection result in the inspection item.

  The inspection items as the determination parameters are the same as described above, and the reference range storage area 1232 has a parallax angle storage area 1232a in which the stereo test reference range is stored, and an adjustment time storage in which the adjustment time measurement test reference range is stored. An area 1232b, a flicker value storage area 1232c for storing a reference range for a flicker test, a duration storage area 1232d for storing a reference range for a duration measurement test, and a break strength storage area for storing a reference range for a break strength measurement test 1232e, a rotation angle storage area 1232f for storing the reference range of the left and right eye rotation angle measurement test, and an average error storage area 1232g for storing the reference range of the deep visual acuity measurement test are provided.

  The basic level is obtained by dividing the value of the inspection result for each reference range. In the present embodiment, the basic level is divided into five stages i to v, with the level v having the best inspection result and the level i having the worst.

  In addition, the reference range at each basic level was determined by classifying the results of a test based on a distribution that assumed a general population as a population, that is, the results of a test performed on a general population, into groups based on relative frequencies. . Specifically, level i occupies about 5% of the whole, and is a group that is considered to be unable to achieve stereoscopic vision (has monocular vision). Level ii occupies about 15% of the total, and it is a group that can be viewed stereoscopically in an extremely short time (less than 10 minutes), or can enhance stereoscopic vision through training. . Level iii occupies about 30% of the whole, and is considered to be a group that can perform stereoscopic viewing for a short time (about 15 to 30 minutes) without any problem. Level iv occupies 40% of the whole, and is considered to be a group that can perform stereoscopic viewing in a medium time (about 30 to 60 minutes) without problems. Level v is a group that occupies 10% of the whole and is considered to be able to perform stereoscopic viewing for a long time (1 hour or more) without any problem. Note that the stereoscopic view here refers to a still image, but of course, a basic level may be set for a moving image.

  As described above, the basic level is determined based on the reference range of the inspection result, and does not necessarily have to be the number of classes listed above. Of course, this also applies to the reference range and the index described later. These can be arbitrarily set from medical findings and experiences, statistics of accumulated data, and the like.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory diagram of the score table 1241 and the weight coefficient table 1242. The score table 1241 has a basic level storage area 1241a in which each basic level is stored, and a score storage area 1241b in which a temporary score corresponding to the basic level is stored. On the other hand, the weighting coefficient table 1242 has an inspection item storage area 1242a in which each inspection item is stored, and a weighting coefficient storage area 1242b in which a weighting coefficient corresponding to the inspection item is stored. These are used when calculating the total score.

  The total score is a solution obtained by multiplying each provisional score calculated according to each basic level for each inspection item by using the score table 1241 and adding a weighting coefficient corresponding to each inspection item. Specifically, the score table 1241 indicates that the number of provisional points is 0 at level i and 100 at level v. That is, in the present embodiment, since seven inspection items are defined, the total provisional score for each inspection item is 700 points (when the basic level is v for all items). The total score is obtained by multiplying the provisional score for each inspection item by the weight coefficient stored in the weight coefficient table 1242 and adding them together.

  Thus, by multiplying each basic level by the weighting factor stored in the weighting factor table, the importance of each inspection item finally differs. For example, in the weighting coefficient table 1242 according to the present embodiment, weighting that focuses on stereoscopic vision is performed. That is, the results of the first group inspection (stereo test and adjustment time measurement test), which are inspection items mainly related to stereoscopic vision, account for 70% of the total score, and the remaining tolerance and physiological factors The results of the second group of inspection items (flicker test, duration measurement test, breaking strength measurement test, left and right eye rotation angle measurement test, and deep visual acuity test) are only 30% of the total score. (The overall score has been adjusted to 100 points). As a result, it is possible to evaluate with an emphasis on stereoscopic vision.

  However, there are other evaluations that focus on various visual acuities. Therefore, it is possible to prepare a plurality of weight coefficient tables and switch them according to the inspection purpose. Of course, the classification of examination items and their weighting factors can be arbitrarily set from medical findings and experiences, statistics of accumulated data, and the like.

  Here, a weighting factor is set for each inspection item, but a weighting factor may be set for each group of inspection items, and the total score may be calculated therefrom.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory diagram of the comprehensive determination table 1250. The overall determination table 1250 includes an overall level storage area 1251 in which an overall level representing overall stereoscopic vision is stored, and an overall score reference range storage area 1252 in which a reference range of the overall score corresponding to the overall level is stored. And an index storage area 1253 in which information indicating an index corresponding to the overall level is stored.

  The total level is an evaluation level of binocular vision determined from a total score converted from the basic level in each inspection item. In the present embodiment, the total level is composed of five stages I to V, where level I has the best stereoscopic vision and level I has the worst. For example, in FIG. 5, if the total score is 80 points or more, it is classified as a total level V, and if it is less than 20 points, it is classified as a total level I.

  An index is information that specifically represents a subject's stereoscopic vision, and various information can be used. FIG. 5 shows an example in which the viewing time of 3D images and videos that can be performed once and the total viewing time of VDT that can be performed on a single day are adopted. For example, if the overall level is V, it is possible to view 3D video for more than 1 hour at a time, but it is recommended that the total VDT viewing time per day be kept below 8 hours. Is done. Conversely, if the overall level is I, viewing of 3D video cannot be performed because binocular vision is not established. It is recommended that the total VDT viewing time per day be kept below 2 hours.

  Not only this but also any index can be used. For example, the work categories A to C defined in “Guidelines for Occupational Health Management in VDT Work” (2002, Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare) can be adopted. According to this, work section A has the largest burden and work section C has the smallest burden. Therefore, in this embodiment, it can be said that the worker classified into the high level is suitable for the work (A) with a large burden. In this way, for parts for which guidelines based on scientific and physiological grounds have already been shown, rationality including rationale may be taken into consideration and followed.

  Next, the control unit 110 will be described. The control unit 110 includes an information management unit 111 that performs overall information management, an inspection processing unit 112 that executes an inspection program and collects inspection results, and a determination processing unit 113 that determines stereoscopic vision from the inspection results. It is equipped with. Here, it is assumed that the person who performs the operation is the subject himself / herself, but other than the subject (for example, a medical person or the like) may perform the operation and instruct the subject to perform the examination.

  When the program is started, the information management unit 111 first confirms whether or not the subject is a new subject. This can be realized, for example, by displaying a login screen on the display unit 130 and inputting information for specifying a subject such as a subject ID and a password.

  If the subject is new, the information management unit 111 executes a registration process. Specifically, the information management unit 111 creates a new record in the subject information 1210, assigns a subject ID that is uniquely determined, and stores the subject ID in the subject ID storage area 1211.

  If the subject is not new, the information management unit 111 accepts information for specifying the subject, logs in from the login screen, and selects what processing is to be executed. This can be realized, for example, by displaying a menu screen so that menus such as execution of each examination and determination of binocular vision can be selected from the screen.

  Here, a case where determination of binocular vision is selected will be described, but a configuration in which another examination menu can be selected may be employed. In accordance with the selected menu, the inspection item and the weighting factor table to be used are automatically changed.

  When the test subject selects execution of each test, the information management unit 111 outputs a test request including the test subject ID and the test item to the test processing unit 112. When the user selects the binocular vision determination, the determination request including the subject ID is output to the determination processing unit 113.

  Upon receiving the inspection request, the inspection processing unit 112 starts inspection processing relating to the inspection item included in the inspection request. Hereinafter, an example of an inspection method executed in the inspection process will be described in detail. In addition, as long as it is a test concerning binocular vision, tests other than those listed below may be used.

  First, a stereo test for determining basic stereoscopic vision and an adjustment time measurement test will be described.

<Stereo test>
The stereo test is a test for measuring the presence or absence of stereoscopic vision represented by the chitomas stereo test. Here, a right eye image and a left eye image having crossed or parallel parallax are mixed with the right and left eye images (images used for a general chitomas stereo test) with dedicated polarizing glasses. Show it separated into images and measure whether the subject can perceive a three-dimensional effect in the brain. A thing with a small parallax angle is classified into a high level so that it can be stereoscopically viewed.

  The inspection processing unit 112 displays a target image having parallax on the display unit 130 and asks whether or not the subject is stereoscopically viewed. This can be realized by, for example, displaying a target image and a normal image in a mixed manner on the display unit 130 and selecting an image that is stereoscopically viewed via the input unit 140. Note that the stereoscopic vision of the subject is acquired as a numerical value by using a plurality of target images having different parallax angles (for example, 40 ″ to 3600 ″) as target images. That is, the examination processing unit 112 stores the parallax angle of the maximum visual target image that can be determined by the subject in the parallax angle storage area 1212a.

<Adjustment time measurement test>
The adjustment time measurement test measures the time required for stereoscopic viewing. Here, the time until the subject who perceives the target image having parallax as described above with the dedicated polarizing glasses perceives the stereoscopic effect on the brain is measured. The shorter the adjustment time, the higher the level.

  The examination processing unit 112 displays a target image having parallax on the display unit 130, and measures the time until the subject looks stereoscopic. For example, the optotype image is displayed at random, and the input unit 140 determines whether the subject appears to jump out or appears to be depressed (that is, the target image having a parallax of crossing or parallelism). This can be realized by measuring the time required for selection by the subject. The inspection processing unit 112 stores an average value of the time taken for stereoscopic vision of each target in the adjustment time storage area 1212b. Any parallax angle may be used (for example, about 1800 ″), but it is desirable to use the same parallax for all subjects.

  Next, a flicker test, a duration measurement test, a breaking strength measurement test, a left and right eye rotation angle measurement test, and a deep vision test for determining tolerance and physiological basic elements will be described.

<Flicker test>
The flicker test is one of the fatigue measurement methods, and measures the threshold (flicker value) at which the intermittent light can be discriminated and can be seen as continuous light against the blinking target with blinking light. . This can be said to be a criterion for the difficulty of eye strain, and the higher the flicker value, the higher the level.

  The inspection processing unit 112 displays a blinking target on the display unit 130 and measures a frequency at which the subject looks like continuous light. For example, the frequency of the blinking target is gradually changed, and the point in time when the light is continuously viewed is answered by an operation via the input unit 140. And it is realizable by acquiring the frequency at this time as a flicker value. The inspection processing unit 112 stores the acquired flicker value in the flicker value storage area 1212c.

  Note that a difference in flicker values before and after applying a certain load may be taken. Examples of the load include the above-described adjustment time measurement test. In this case, subjects with smaller differences are classified as higher levels. In order to obtain a correct measurement value, it is desirable that the distance from the target to the subject and the surrounding brightness are constant for all subjects.

<Duration measurement test>
The duration measurement test measures the time until the fusion is solved (until it breaks). Here, the time until the subject who perceives the target image having no parallax with the dedicated prism glasses perceives double vision (melt fracture) is measured. The longer the duration, the higher the level.

  The inspection processing unit 112 displays a target image having no parallax on the display unit 130 and measures the time until the subject perceives double vision. This can be realized, for example, by acquiring the time until the fracture of the fusion by performing an operation via the input unit 140 when double vision appears. The inspection processing unit 112 stores the acquired time in the duration storage area 1212d.

  The prism used for the prism glasses may be of any prism strength (diopter value), but it is desirable to use the same prism for all subjects. Moreover, the duration in both directions of congestion / divergence may be measured and the average value may be obtained, or the measured values of congestion / divergence may be stored separately. In that case, the determination table 1230 also provides separate reference ranges for both congestion and spread.

<Break strength measurement test>
The breaking strength measurement test is a measurement of the prism strength at which a fusion can be solved (breaks). Here, a subject who has seen a target image having no parallax with dedicated prism glasses measures prism strength (diopter value) when double vision is perceived (melting fracture). The higher the prism strength, the higher the level.

  The examination processing unit 112 displays a target image having no parallax on the display unit 130, continuously changes the prism strength of the prism glasses, and acquires the prism strength when the subject is aware of double vision. This can be realized, for example, by letting the subject perceive the double vision by operating the input unit 140 and obtaining the prism diopter value of the prism glasses at that time. The inspection processing unit 112 stores the prism diopter values at the time of fusion fracture in the left and right and vertical directions in the fracture strength storage area 1212e. In addition, the breaking strength in both directions of convergence / divergence may be measured and the average value may be obtained, or the measured values of convergence / divergence may be stored separately. In that case, the determination table 1230 also provides separate reference ranges for both congestion and spread.

  Any prism glasses may be used. For example, the prism can be used by fitting the prism into an optometry frame, but the examination can be performed more appropriately by using the rotary prism glasses. The rotary prism glasses are provided with planar prisms having the same shape and the same refractive power, and the deflection angles can be continuously changed by rotating the paired prisms at equal angles in opposite directions. For example, this may be provided as the external inspection apparatus 20 and an arbitrary prism rotation mechanism may be controlled by the inspection processing unit 112. In that case, if a correlation table that defines the relationship between the refractive power of the pair of prisms and the deflection angle (rotation amount) of the prism when realizing the refractive power is stored, the refractive power of the prism can be freely set. Can be changed. This makes it possible to continuously give an arbitrary declination to the subject's line of sight and obtain a strict prism diopter value.

<Left and right eye rotation angle test>
The right-and-left eye rotation angle test is a measurement of the presence or absence of a rotational oblique position that causes a shift so that the eyeball rotates clockwise or counterclockwise, and the amount of rotation. Here, as a general convolution target, a so-called clock target image, which is a combination of two one-eye targets (a cross target and a circular target), is separated into each eye with dedicated glasses. And measure the amount of deviation (rotation amount) perceived by the subject. The smaller the amount of rotation, the higher the level.

  The inspection processing unit 112 displays the clock target image on the display unit 130, and acquires the target shift amount perceived by the subject. For example, this can be realized by inputting the scale of the circular target pointed to by the cross target via the input unit 140. The inspection processing unit 112 stores the acquired time in the rotation angle storage area 1212f.

<Deep vision measurement test>
The deep visual acuity measurement test is a test of stereoscopic vision represented by the three eye method. The three-sided method measures the error between the actual position and the position where two fixed rods and a moving rod that is sandwiched between the fixed rods and reciprocates in the depth direction are aligned. It is. The smaller the error, the higher the level.

  The binocular vision evaluation apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment is connected to the above-described conventional three eye method depth perception inspection machine as the external inspection apparatus 20, and acquires the inspection result transmitted from the apparatus. It shall be. For example, the inspection processing unit 112 displays a screen for prompting measurement by the external inspection apparatus 20 on the display unit 130, receives the inspection result from the apparatus after the inspection is completed, and stores it in the deep vision storage area 1212g.

  The inspection performed by the inspection processing unit 112 has been described above. Thus, by detecting the stress tolerance with respect to the stimulus amount of the load stimulus, different stereoscopic vision and fusion vision can be numerically evaluated for each intensity range.

  In the present embodiment, only the deep visual acuity measurement test is performed by the inspection device 20 that is an external device, and the other inspection items are performed on the binocular visual acuity evaluation device 10, but this is merely a deep visual acuity. The case where the measurement test was performed with the existing apparatus is only illustrated. The execution of the inspection is not limited to this, and it is possible to freely determine which inspection is to be performed by either the binocular vision evaluation apparatus 10 or the inspection apparatus 20.

  For example, the binocular vision evaluation apparatus 10 may be provided with no inspection means, and all inspections may be performed by the external inspection apparatus 20. In that case, the test results are collected in the binocular vision evaluation apparatus 10 connected directly or via a network. Of course, the input screen for inputting the test result may be displayed on the display unit 130, and the tester may input the test result in the binocular visual acuity evaluation apparatus 10 by inputting through the input unit 140.

  Next, a case where the subject selects determination of binocular vision on the menu screen will be described. When the subject has selected to perform binocular vision determination, the information management unit 111 outputs a determination request including the subject ID to the determination processing unit 113.

  When the determination processing unit 113 receives the determination request, the determination processing unit 113 starts the determination processing of the stereoscopic vision of the subject specified from the subject ID included in the determination request.

  Specifically, the determination processing unit 113 is a process for generating a determination screen 200 as shown in FIG. First, the determination processing unit 113 extracts a record in which the subject ID included in the determination request matches the subject ID stored in the subject ID storage area 1211 from the subject information 1210. Then, the results of each test stored in the test result storage area 1212 of the record are arranged in the test result display area 201 of the determination screen 200, respectively.

  Further, with reference to the determination table 1230, the basic level in each inspection item is determined from the reference range and arranged in the basic level display area 202. If there is an inspection item in which no measurement value is stored, the basic level determination and the following processing are not performed, and a warning such as “Please perform XX inspection” is displayed in the message display area 204. In addition, when there is an inspection item whose level is ii or less, it may be displayed by changing the color so as to stand out.

  Next, the determination process part 113 determines a test subject's comprehensive binocular vision from each basic level. Specifically, the determination processing unit 113 first converts the basic level corresponding to each inspection result determined above into a provisional score. The conversion process to the provisional score can be executed by referring to the score table 1241 shown in FIG.

  Further, the determination processing unit 113 multiplies each provisional score derived above by a weighting factor corresponding to each inspection item with reference to the weighting factor table 1242, and sums the values to obtain a total score. In the example shown in FIG. 6, (75 × 0.5) + (100 × 0.2) + (75 × 0.06) + (100 × 0.08) + (100 × 0.08) + (75 × 0.05) + (25 × 0.03) = 82.5 (overall score).

  Then, the determination processing unit 113 refers to the total score reference range storage area 1252 of the total determination table 1250 and determines the total level from the total score. The determination processing unit 113 generates a message from the index corresponding to the level stored in the index storage area 1253 in the total level display area 203 and displays the total level obtained in this way in the message display area 204. At that time, a warning message of an item whose basic level is ii or less may be displayed. The warning message can be arbitrarily set, for example, “Please consult a specialist” or “Please train”. In addition, if the total score is displayed, the subject can grasp more detailed stereoscopic vision.

  Note that if there is one item with the basic level i, the overall level may be determined as I. Further, this processing may be performed only when the basic level of a specific item (for example, stereo test and adjustment time measurement test) is i.

  Moreover, it is good also as a structure which makes a total score the total of a provisional score without providing a weighting coefficient, and determines a total level directly.

  Note that the score conversion method is not limited to the above, and a numerical value table of each test result and a correlation table of the scores may be held and calculated directly from the test result. Furthermore, the highest level or the lowest level among the levels of each inspection item may be set as the overall level.

  Here, the hardware configuration of the binocular vision evaluation apparatus 10 will be described. FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of the binocular vision evaluation apparatus 10.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the binocular visual acuity evaluation apparatus 10 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 901 that centrally controls each unit, a memory 902 that stores various data in a rewritable manner, various programs, An external storage device 903 for storing data to be generated, a display device 904 configured by a liquid crystal display or an organic EL (Electro-Luminescence) display, an input device 905 configured by a keyboard, a mouse, a touch panel, etc. And a communication device 906 such as a NIC (Network Interface Card) for connecting to a network, and a bus 907 for connecting them.

  For example, the control unit 110 can be realized by loading a predetermined program stored in the external storage device 903 into the memory 902 and executing it by the CPU 901. The storage unit 120 can be realized by the CPU 901 using the memory 902 or the external storage device. 903 can be realized, the display unit 130 can be realized by the CPU 901 using the display device 904, and the input unit 140 can be realized by the CPU 901 using the input device 905. The I / F unit 150 can be realized by the CPU 901 using the communication device 906.

  In addition, in order to make an understanding of the structure of the binocular vision evaluation apparatus 10 easy to understand, each component described above is classified according to main processing contents. The present invention is not limited by the method of classifying the processing steps and the names thereof. The processing performed by the binocular vision evaluation apparatus 10 can be further classified into more components according to the processing content. Moreover, it can also classify | categorize so that one component may perform more processes.

  Each functional unit may be constructed by hardware (ASIC or the like). Further, the processing of each functional unit may be executed by one hardware or may be executed by a plurality of hardware.

  The binocular vision evaluation apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment configured as described above will be described with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a flow of processing executed by the binocular vision evaluation apparatus 10 according to the present embodiment.

  First, when the program is started, the information management unit 111 displays a login screen on the display unit 130 and checks whether or not the subject is new (S2100). If the subject is a new subject (YES), the process of step S2101 is started. If the subject is not a new subject (NO), the process proceeds to step S2102.

  When the subject is a new subject (YES in S2100), the information management unit 111 performs subject registration processing (S2101). Specifically, the information management unit 111 creates a new record in the subject information 1210 and assigns a subject ID for specifying the subject. Then, the subject ID is stored in the subject ID storage area 1211, and the process proceeds to step S2102.

  When the subject is not a new subject (NO in S2100), and when the subject registration process is completed, the information management unit 111 displays a menu screen on the display unit 130 (step S2102), Alternatively, selection of any one of the binocular vision determination is accepted (step S2103).

  When the subject selects execution of the examination (“examination” in S2103), the information management unit 111 outputs an examination request including the subject ID and the examination item to the examination processing unit 112. When the user selects determination of binocular vision (“determination” in S2103), a determination request including the subject ID is output to the determination processing unit 113.

  Upon receiving the inspection request, the inspection processing unit 112 starts inspection processing relating to the inspection item included in the inspection request (S2104). Then, the examination processing unit 112 registers the obtained examination result in the examination result storage area 1212 of the subject information 1210 (S2105), returns to step S2102, and repeats the process.

  When receiving the determination request, the determination processing unit 113 starts the determination process (S2106). FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the flow of determination processing executed by the determination processing unit 113.

  First, the determination processing unit 113 extracts each test result from the subject information 1210 of the subject specified from the subject ID included in the determination request, and refers to the determination table 1230 to determine the basic level according to each test result. (S1061). Next, the determination processing unit 113 determines whether there is an item whose basic level is i (S1062). If there is an item of basic level i (YES in S1062), the overall level is determined as I (S1063), the determination process is terminated, and the process proceeds to step S2107.

  When there is no item of the basic level i (NO in S1062), the determination processing unit 113 converts each basic level into a provisional score with reference to the score table 1241 (S1064). Next, the judgment processing unit 113 multiplies each derived temporary score by a weighting factor with reference to the weighting factor table 1242, and sums those values to obtain a total score (S1065). Then, the determination processing unit 113 determines the total level with reference to the total determination table 1250 (S1066), ends the determination process, and proceeds to step S2107.

  Finally, the determination processing unit 113 identifies the index determined from the overall level derived by the determination process, and generates the fixed screen 200. Then, the determination screen 200 is displayed on the display unit 130 (S2107), and the process ends.

  Each processing unit of the above-described flow is divided according to main processing contents in order to make the processing of the control unit 110 easy to understand. The present invention is not limited by the way of classifying the components or their names. Moreover, the structure of the control part 110 can also be divided | segmented into many more components according to the processing content. Moreover, it can also classify | categorize so that one component may perform more processes.

  The embodiment of the binocular vision evaluation system 1 has been described above. Thus, according to the binocular vision evaluation system 1 of the present invention, it is possible to comprehensively evaluate the binocular vision, particularly the fusion ability and the stereoscopic vision from the results of various examinations. Thereby, the subject can grasp his / her own fusion ability and stereoscopic vision specifically, and can encourage the subject who has insufficient ability to train.

  In addition, such indicators and test results are significant indicators for the safety management of producers who provide content, companies that produce presentation devices, and workers engaged in work that requires artificial stereoscopic vision. It becomes. Specifically, it is possible to set the presentation stimulus intensity to suit the audience, in order to properly view media and devices that require stereoscopic vision, and to properly perform work using them. This makes it possible to create a safe and secure stereoscopic environment. In addition, suitability for work that imposes visual burdens such as VDT work can be uniformly determined based on the same determination criteria.

  Furthermore, in addition to subject's refraction correction, this device should be used before and after correction when correcting oblique position and unequal image vision that are closely related to fusion ability and stereoscopic vision. This makes it possible to realize the improvement of these abilities and accurately grasp them.

  In addition, it is natural that a resting position (10 to 15 minutes) before measurement is necessary in using the device, but it is known that a decrease in sleep time attenuates response characteristics to light stimulation. Considering the characteristic of stereoscopic vision, sleep time until the latest measurement is also an important factor. As a guideline, it is desirable that the sleep time for one week (7 days) before the measurement is 40 hours in total or 5.7 hours on average per day.

  Moreover, said embodiment intends to illustrate the summary of this invention and does not limit this invention. Various modifications are possible within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

  For example, it may be possible for a test subject to be easily conducted even by a single subject by providing guidance for examination on a voice or a screen.

  Moreover, you may use the general 3D display and 3D glasses which employ | adopted the frame sequential system for the display and polarizing glasses which are used for a test | inspection. In this case, a target that can be reproduced alternately at a high speed between an image for the left eye and an image for the right eye can be used.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1
Binocular visual acuity was actually evaluated using the above seven judgment items. The test subjects were 20 boys aged 24 to 38 years (average age 30 years), who were confirmed to have no ophthalmic diseases. In the prior confirmation, the experiment was conducted after confirming mainly the factors considered to affect binocular stereoscopic vision, and at the same time confirming other visual functions. The main specific confirmation items are visual acuity and corrected visual acuity, eye refractive power, accommodation ability, vergence divergence ability, eye position measurement, presence / absence of unequal image vision, presence / absence of color blindness, dominant eye, This includes confirmation and explanation of a method for determining a monocular image and a binocular image. The experimental environment was an illumination environment with artificial light, and the illuminance was set to 200 lx. The experiment was conducted in an environment with a temperature of 20 to 23 degrees and a humidity of 50 to 60%. The test was performed with the subject wearing normal glasses or contacts.

<Stereo test>
The stereo test was performed by using a stereo fly test manufactured by Chitomas Co., Ltd., placed 40 cm in front of the eye, and performing the test according to a predetermined method to measure the parallax angle.

<Adjustment time measurement test>
In the adjustment time measurement test, when viewing a 65-inch 3D TV from a 2.4 m position, a 3D image in which the parallax angle instantaneously changes from +1 to -2 degrees on the screen is displayed, and the time (adjustment) Time: duration ad-justment). A figure as shown in FIG. 10A was used as a stereoscopic image. After practicing several times, the average was repeated three times.

<Flicker test>
The flicker test (flicker value: flicker fusion frequency: flicker fusion frequency: flicker value: flicker fusion frequency) ) Was measured. After practicing several times, the average was repeated three times.

<Duration measurement test>
In the duration measurement test, 10 to 12 prisms of the optometry lens were continuously worn on one eye, and the time until the subject perceived double vision (duration: fusion rup-ture time) was measured.

<Break strength measurement test>
In the breaking strength measurement test, the breaking strength was measured by continuously changing the prism until double vision was perceived by the rotary prism.

<Right-eye rotation angle measurement test>
The left-right eye turning angle measurement test is a so-called clock view as shown in FIG. 10B, in which a 65-inch 3D TV is viewed from a position of 2.4 m and a cross target is combined with the right eye and a circular target is combined with the left eye. The target image was copied on 3D TV, and the rotation angle was measured.

<Deep vision test>
The measurement was performed three times using a three-pronged deep visual acuity tester, and the visual acuity for depth was calculated using the average value.

(Example 2)
After the experiment of Example 1, for the purpose of confirming the result of comprehensive determination based on a series of experimental results, a video with a moving image with a variable parallax angle (vision disparity) is presented at the time of image presentation, and the video is viewed. The test was conducted on the subjects, and the validity and accuracy of the judgment results and confirmation verification of the judgment accuracy were tried. The image for determination presents a 65-inch 3D TV at a position of 2.4 m, and the parallax angle by a simple 3D figure equivalent to the target illustrated in FIG. 10A is 1 degree from 1.5 degrees to minus 2 degrees. The parallax angle was changed for 5 seconds. In addition, a 3D video that repeats the movement of returning to 1 degree was created and continuously viewed for up to 60 minutes. The response method by the subject used the questionnaire method by VAS (Vizual Analogue Scale) of the consciousness judgment (answer to a questionnaire). VAS is a subjective evaluation of fatigue feeling in which the degree of fatigue is entered in a 10 cm straight line written on paper (see FIG. 10C). The answering method is quantified from 0 (no fatigue) to 100 (exhausted state) in accordance with the position of x written in a straight line. Subjects were asked to fill in before and during viewing at 10-minute intervals, and when the subject's VAS score increased by 10 or more, it was considered fatigued. When the score of the subject increased, viewing was stopped at that time.

<Judgment result>
The results of Example 1 are shown in FIGS. 11 (a) to 11 (g). 11 (a) to 11 (g) are distribution diagrams showing visual acuity distributions according to levels for the results of the evaluation test items by 20 subjects.

  Although there are some differences in each evaluation index, each index has the largest number of people in the vicinity of Level IV, 5% for Level I, 15% for Level II, 30% for Level III, and 40 for Level IV. %, Level V has a distribution of 10%. In addition, it was judged that there was no subject equivalent to Level I because it was confirmed after confirming that there were no subjects who could not see binocular vision among the subjects, and also from the experimental results. From this result, it was confirmed that the visual acuity of the subject was appropriately evaluated by the determination table shown in FIG.

  The results of Example 2 are shown in FIG. FIG. 12 is a distribution diagram in which when the score of the VAS questionnaire increases by 10 points or more, it is determined that fatigue has appeared remarkably, and the distribution of the number of people appearing for each elapsed time is seen. One person had a VAS score of 10 points or more (determined that fatigue increased) in 10 minutes of viewing time compared to before viewing, and the overall score was 33 points. did. Level 5 because VAS score increased by 10 points or more (judging fatigue increased) in 30 minutes of viewing time compared to before viewing, and the total score (after weighting) was 46 to 62 points. It was determined that it was a subject. Similarly, the total score (after weighting) of 1 person at 40 minutes, 4 persons at 50 minutes, 4 persons at 60 minutes, and a total of 9 persons was 56-76 points, and the average was 66 points. Were determined to be level IV subjects. One test subject was determined to be a Level V test subject because his overall score (after weighting) was 80 points without fatigue even after 60 minutes of viewing time. As a result, a relationship was found between visual acuity level and viewing time until subjective fatigue occurred.

  FIG. 13A shows a distribution diagram showing the relationship between the level and the overall score (before weighting), and FIG. 13B shows a distribution diagram showing the relationship between the level and the overall score (after weighting). In the total score (before weighting) in FIG. 13 (a), a significant difference is not significant between the total scores of level III and level IV, but the total score (after weighting) in FIG. )) Before the weighting becomes significant, and it was confirmed that the weighting effect is shown by the weighting table shown in FIG.

From the above results, the following knowledge was obtained.
(1) As a method for determining and evaluating stereoscopic vision by seven general-purpose binocular stereopsis, it was confirmed that each level appropriately represents vision.
(2) Regarding the relationship between the viewing time and the total score for determining the composite visual acuity intensity, it was verified that the total score reference range setting in the comprehensive determination table of FIG. 5 is appropriate. In other words, the effectiveness of the classification method based on hierarchization of the total score and level classification was verified as a method for evaluating and judging visual acuity for the 3D viewing time index.
(3) The total visual acuity intensity obtained by weighting the measurement results of the seven judgment / evaluation items was obtained, and the effectiveness of the method for comprehensive judgment of binocular stereoscopic vision was confirmed based on the result.
(4) It is possible to rank binocular stereoscopic vision in stages by classifying binocular stereoscopic vision by layer based on the limits (threshold) and tolerance of binocular vision. It could be confirmed.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Binocular vision evaluation system, 10 ... Binocular vision evaluation apparatus, 110 ... Control part, 111 ... Information management part, 112 ... Examination processing part, 113 ... Determination Processing unit, 120 ... storage unit, 121 ... subject information storage area, 1210 ... subject information, 1211 ... subject ID storage area, 1212 ... test result storage area, 1212a ... parallax angle Storage area, 1212b ... Adjustment time storage area, 1212c ... Flicker value storage area, 1212d ... Duration storage area, 1212e ... Break strength storage area, 1212f ... Turning angle storage area, 1212g. ..Deep vision storage area 122 ... examination information storage area, 123 ... determination information storage area, 1230 ... determination table, 1231 ... level storage area, 1232 ... reference range storage Area, 1232a ... parallax angle storage area, 1232b ... adjustment time storage area, 1232c ... flicker value storage area, 1232d ... duration storage area, 1232e ... break strength storage area, 1232f. Rotation angle storage area, 1241... Score table, 1242. Weight coefficient table, 1250... Overall judgment table, 1251... Overall level storage area, 1252. ... Indicator storage area, 130 ... Display unit, 140 ... Input unit, 150 ... I / F unit, 20 ... Inspection device, 200 ... Determination screen, 201 ... Inspection result Display area 202 ... Level display area 203 ... Total level display area 204 ... Message display area

Claims (11)

An inspection processing unit for collecting user inspection results for a plurality of inspection items for binocular vision evaluation;
A determination processing unit that weights inspection results according to each of the inspection items based on a predetermined weight determined for each of the inspection items and evaluates the binocular vision of the user. Eye vision evaluation device. The binocular vision evaluation apparatus according to claim 1 ,
The determination processing section, the test results were classified respectively the rank determined from a predetermined reference range, the converted each class to a predetermined score determined for each class, a predetermined weighting coefficient determined for each of the inspection item to the score A binocular visual acuity evaluation apparatus characterized by calculating a total score by summing products multiplied by. The binocular visual acuity evaluation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 ,
The test items, stereo test, adjusted time measurement test, the flicker test, the duration measurement test, fracture strength measurement test, binocular vision, wherein the right and left eyes rotation angle measurement test is either deep vision measurement test Performance evaluation device. The binocular visual acuity evaluation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 ,
Wherein the plurality of inspection items may include three or more test items, including stereo test and adjustment time measurement test, the stereo test and the adjusted time measurement test has a greater weighting than the other test items The binocular visual acuity evaluation apparatus characterized by this. A test processing unit for collecting user test results for test items classified into a plurality of groups for binocular vision evaluation;
A determination processing unit that weights the test result for each group based on a predetermined weight determined for each group, and evaluates the binocular vision.
Binocular visual acuity evaluation device characterized by The binocular vision evaluation apparatus according to claim 5 ,
The determination processing unit classifies the inspection results into classes determined from a predetermined reference range , converts each class into a predetermined score determined for each class, totals the groups, and adds the group to the total value. A binocular visual acuity evaluation apparatus characterized in that a total score is calculated by summing products multiplied by a predetermined weighting coefficient determined for each . The binocular visual acuity evaluation apparatus according to claim 5 or 6 ,
The inspection items are classified into a first group including a stereo test and an adjustment time measurement test, and a second group including other inspection items. The first group is more than the second group. , large weighting binocular performance evaluation device, characterized in that a. The binocular visual acuity evaluation apparatus according to any one of claims 2 and 6 ,
The determination Priority determination processing section, the binocular vision performance evaluation apparatus characterized by determining the total level as an indicator of the both eyes ability from the total score. The binocular visual acuity evaluation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8 ,
The binocular visual acuity evaluation apparatus, wherein the reference range is set by dividing a result of each inspection item performed on a predetermined group into a class based on a relative frequency. A program for causing a computer to function as a binocular visual acuity evaluation apparatus for obtaining an index of binocular visual acuity,
In the computer,
A test process for collecting user test results for multiple test items for binocular vision evaluation;
A program for weighting the test result according to each test item based on a predetermined weight determined for each test item and evaluating the binocular vision . A program for causing a computer to function as a binocular visual acuity evaluation apparatus for obtaining an index of binocular visual acuity,
In the computer,
A test process for collecting user test results for test items classified into multiple groups for binocular vision evaluation;
A program for weighting the inspection result for each group based on a predetermined weight determined for each group and evaluating the binocular vision .

Images