JP6007298B1 - Slow filtration system - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a slow filtration system in which a plurality of slow filtration devices are provided so that each slow filtration device separately performs slow filtration, gravity backwashing or gravity regular washing. A slow filtration system comprising a regulating pond containing water and a plurality of slow filtration devices. Each slow filtration device 2 includes a slow filtration basin 3 that communicates with the control basin 1, a first drainage groove 4, a second drainage groove 5, and a filtration basin 6. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a slow filtration system, and in particular, includes a plurality of slow filtration devices, and each slow filtration device separately performs a slow filtration, gravity backwash or gravity regular wash process. The present invention relates to a slow filtration system configured to do this.

The slow filtration system purifies water using a composite filter layer. The composite filter layer is made of various sands having different roughnesses, and dams up impurities in the water. Therefore, in a slow filtration system, the amount of drainage per day at the discharge port is often controlled to be 100 t / m ² or less. As a result, the water quality is purified when water gradually passes through the composite filter layer.

  In such a composite filter layer, various kinds of impurities are gradually deposited on the fine sand of the top layer, which may reduce the filtration efficiency of the entire slow filtration system. Therefore, some conventional slow filtration systems use sand changing means that sweeps out fine sand at the top layer and newly lays fine sand. However, the sand changing means is not economically preferable because it takes too much time and labor.

  Power backwashing means are known as means for solving such problems of sand changing means. The power backwashing means uses, for example, a power device such as a single water pump to pump water to the bottom of the composite filter layer and wash with water from the bottom of the composite filter layer to the top of the composite filter layer. To remove impurities.

  There is no previous patent technical document corresponding to the present invention.

  The slow filtration system to which the power back washing means as described above is applied is not economically preferable because it consumes a large amount of power. In addition, the conventional slow filtration system has a problem that it takes too much time to drain and dry the water in the system before power backwashing, and to drain, backwash and newly store water. It was.

  In view of such circumstances, the applicant finally completed the present invention after intensive research and improvement.

  The present invention provides a slow filtration system comprising a plurality of slow filtration devices, and each separate slow filtration device can separately perform slow filtration, gravity backwashing or gravity regular washing steps. It is an object.

  The present invention has been proposed in order to achieve the above object, and the invention according to claim 1 is a slow filtration system comprising a regulating pond containing water, a plurality of slow filtration devices, The slow filtration device is communicated with a first valve communicated with the control pond, a composite filter layer provided at a bottom lower than the first valve, and a bottom of the composite filter layer A slow drainage basin having at least one filter tube, and a first drainage groove having a second valve communicating with the slow filtration basin, wherein the first drainage grooves of the plurality of slow filtration devices The at least one first drainage groove has a first drainage groove having an outward drainage port and a third valve communicating with the first drainage groove, and the filter pipe is communicated with each other. And a fourth drain valve communicating with the second drain grooves of the plurality of slow filtration devices. And filtered water pond provided, providing a slow sand filter system comprising a.

  According to this configuration, each slow filtration device can perform slow filtration, gravity backwashing or gravity regular washing separately.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect of the invention, a damming portion is provided in the slow filtration pond, and the damming portion is provided around the first valve. A slow filtration system is provided.

  According to this structure, it can ensure that the water which approached from the regulation pond does not collide with a composite filter layer directly, and can also reduce that the turbulent flow by the water which entered from the regulation pond is produced | generated.

  According to a third aspect of the invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect of the invention, a flow rate adjusting groove is provided in the slow filtration basin, and the flow rate adjusting groove extends over a side wall in the slow filtration pond. An upper opening that surrounds and is positioned lower than the first valve and receives water from the first valve, disperses the water, and enters the composite filter layer. A slow filtration system is provided.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect of the present invention, a slow filtration system in which a vent pipe is provided at the bottom of the composite filter layer is provided.

  According to this configuration, a turbulent flow can be generated.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect of the invention, a slow filtration means is further provided. The slow filtration means opens the first valve and the fourth valve and When the second valve and the third valve are closed, water is drained into the regulation pond, and the water in the regulation pond is the first valve, the slow filtration pond, the composite filter layer, the filter pipe, and the second drainage groove. And a slow filtration system that passes through the fourth valve in this order and then flows to the filtration basin.

  According to this configuration, the slow filtration means achieves the purpose of purifying water quality.

  According to a sixth aspect of the invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect of the invention, a predetermined amount of water is accommodated in the filtration pond, and the water level in the filtration pond is higher than that of the second valve. Further comprising a gravity backwashing means set to: the gravity backwashing means opens the second valve and the fourth valve and closes the first valve and the third valve to filter the filtration. The water in the pond passes through the fourth valve, the second drainage groove, the filter tube, the composite filter layer, the slow filtration pond, the second valve, and the first drainage groove in this order, and then the first pond. Provided is a slow filtration system discharged from a drain outlet.

  According to this configuration, the gravity backwashing means can achieve the purpose of backwashing by the natural gravity of water without using a power unit.

  In addition to the structure of the invention described in claim 1, the invention described in claim 7 further includes a gravitational cleansing means for storing a predetermined amount of water in the slow filtration pond, When the third valve is opened and the first valve, the second valve, and the fourth valve are closed, the water in the slow filtration basin is passed through the composite filter layer, the filter pipe, the second drain groove, And a slow filtration system that passes through the three valves and the first drainage groove in this order and is discharged from the drainage port of the first drainage groove.

  According to this configuration, the gravitational cleansing means does not use a power unit, and the purpose of flattening the cleansing and the composite filter layer by the natural gravity of water can be achieved.

  The present invention will be described with reference to the following examples in conjunction with the drawings, with regard to technical means, configurations, and effects taken to achieve the above and other objects.

The figure which shows the structure of this invention. The figure which expands and shows the A section of FIG. 1 typically. The figure which shows the state of the water flow when performing the slow filtration process which concerns on this invention. The figure which shows the state of the water flow when performing the gravity type | formula backwashing process which concerns on this invention. The figure which shows the state of the water flow at the time of the gravity-type regular washing process which concerns on this invention. The figure which shows that the vent pipe was provided in the slow filtration apparatus which concerns on this invention.

  The present invention provides a slow filtration system that includes a plurality of slow filtration devices, and each separate slow filtration device can separately perform slow filtration, gravity backwashing, or gravity-type regular washing steps. In order to achieve the object of the present invention, a slow filtration system comprising a regulating pond containing water and a plurality of slow filtration devices, wherein the slow filtration device is in communication with the regulation pond. And a slow filter basin having a composite filter layer provided at the bottom lower than the first valve, and at least one filter tube communicated with the bottom of the composite filter layer, and communicated with the slow filter basin A first drainage groove having a second valve that communicates with each other and the at least one first drainage groove has an outward drainage port. A first drain having a third valve that communicates with the first drain and communicated with the filter tube; And second drains, and realized by a fourth valve which communicates with the second drainage grooves of the plurality of slow sand filter apparatus includes a filtered water pond provided with a plurality, a.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the slow filtration system 100 of the present invention includes a regulation pond 1 for containing water and a plurality of slow filtration devices 2. Each slow filtration device 2 includes a slow filtration basin 3 that communicates with the control basin 1, a first drainage groove 4, a second drainage groove 5, and a fourth drainage groove 5. And a filtration pond 6 in which a plurality of valves 61 are provided. This achieves the purpose of allowing each slow filtration device to perform slow filtration, gravity backwash or gravity regular wash separately. This will be described in detail below.

  The regulating pond 1 contains water and is connected to a water supply unit (not shown) such as a water pump, for example. Thereby, the undiluted | stock solution before a process is acquired. In addition, the regulation pond 1 can communicate with a plurality of slow filtration devices 2, for example, 20 or more slow filtration devices 2. Thereby, the condition of the water supply is adjusted. Therefore, even when a certain slow filtration device 2 is performing, for example, a gravity-type backwashing process or a gravity-type regular washing process, the influence on the water supply portion may be low or not affected. Therefore, the cost of controlling the water supply unit is saved.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, each slow filtration device 2 is provided with a first valve 31 communicating with the regulating pond 1, and a composite filter layer 32 provided at the bottom lower than the first valve 31. A slow filtration basin 3 in which the bottom of the composite filter layer 32 and at least one filter tube 33 communicate with each other, and a second valve 41 in communication with the slow filtration basin 3 are provided. A first drainage groove 4 that communicates with the first drainage grooves 4 of the filtration device 2 and at least one has an outward drainage port, and a third valve 51 that communicates with the first drainage groove 4 are provided. And the second drainage groove 5 communicating with the filter pipe 33, each of the slow filtration devices 2 is not only a process such as slow filtration, gravity backwashing or gravity regular washing, It is also possible to perform different processes. This will be described as follows.

  Since each of the slow filtration ponds 3 of the plurality of slow filtration devices 2 is provided with the first valve 31 communicating with the regulation pond 1, the water in the regulation pond 1 should be used separately. Can do. At the bottom of the slow filtration basin 3, a composite filter layer 32 for filtering water impurities is provided lower than the first valve 31.

  At least one filter tube 33 communicates with the bottom of the composite filter layer 32, and the first drain groove 5 communicates with the filter tube 33.

  The first drain groove 4 is provided with a second valve 41 communicating with the slow filtration basin 3. The first drain grooves 4 of the plurality of slow filtration devices 2 are communicated with each other, and at least one of them has an outward drain port (not shown). Drain used water. The drain outlet of the first drain groove 4 may be provided at the bottom of the first drain groove 4. Thereby, the water of the 1st drain ditch 4 can be discharged and dried.

  The second drainage groove 5 is provided with a third valve 51 that communicates with the first drainage groove 4, and communicates with the filter pipe 33, so that the regulation pond 1, the slow filtration pond 3, In cooperation with the drainage ditch 4 and the filtration pond 6, processes such as slow filtration, gravity backwashing, or gravity regular washing can be performed. This will be described as follows.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the slow filtration system 100 includes a slow filtration means. In order to conveniently show the state of water flow with arrows, the symbols schematically showing the composite filter layers in FIGS. The slow filtration means opens the first valve 31 and the fourth valve 61 and closes the second valve 41 and the third valve 51 (S11). 1 passes through the first valve 31, the slow filtration basin 3, the composite filter layer 32, the filter pipe 33, the second drainage groove 5, and the fourth valve 61 in this order, and then flows into the filtration basin 6 ( S12). The purpose of purifying water quality is achieved by slow filtration means.

  When the slow filtration process is performed using the slow filtration means, the water level in the control pond 1, the slow filtration pond 3 and the filtration pond 6 is the same. By extracting, the water in the regulation pond 1 passes through the slow filtration pond 3 and enters the filtration pond 6.

  As shown in FIG. 4, in the slow filtration step, impurities are accumulated in the composite filter layer 32 step by step, and therefore cleaning is necessary after a predetermined time has elapsed. Therefore, the slow filtration system 100 may have gravity backwashing means. The gravity backwashing means stores a predetermined amount of water in the filtration pond 6 and sets the water level higher than that of the second valve 41 (S21), the second valve 41 and the fourth valve 61. And the first valve 31 and the third valve 51 are closed (S22), the water in the filtration pond 6 is the fourth valve 61, the second drain groove 5, the filter pipe 33, the composite filter layer 32, This includes passing through the slow filtration basin 3, the second valve 41, and the first drainage groove 4 in this order and then discharging from the drainage port of the first drainage groove 4 (S23).

  The water level in the filtration pond 6 is higher than that of the second valve 41, and when the second valve 41 and the fourth valve 61 are opened and the first valve 31 and the third valve 51 are closed, the nature of the water The water in the filtered water basin 6 is removed by the gravity of the fourth valve 61, the second drainage groove 5, the filter pipe 33, the composite filter layer 32, the slow filtration basin 3, the second valve 41, and the first drainage groove. After passing in the order of 4, the water can be discharged from the drain outlet of the first drainage groove 4. Thereby, the gravitational backwashing means can achieve the purpose of flattening the front wash and the composite filter layer by the natural gravity of water without the use of a power unit.

  Moreover, even if a certain slow filtration apparatus 2 performs the backwashing process, the other slow filtration apparatuses 2 can perform the filtration process and can continue to feed water into the filtration pond 6. If it does in this way, when performing the process of gravity type backwashing, it is not necessary to supply water separately to the filtration pond 6, and cost reduction is possible.

  As shown in FIG. 5, after the backwashing process is completed, there may be a state in which impurities remain and the distribution of the surface layer of the composite filter layer 32 is not uniform. Therefore, the slow filtration system 100 may have a gravity-type regular washing means. Gravity type regular washing means gives the slow filtration basin 3 a predetermined amount of water (S31), opens the third valve 51, and sets the first valve 31, the second valve 41, and the fourth valve 61. Closing (S32), after passing the water in the slow filtration pond 3 in the order of the composite filter layer 32, the filter tube 33, the second drainage groove 5, the third valve 51 and the first drainage groove 4, It includes discharging from the drain outlet of the first drain groove 4 (S33). Gravity-type cleansing means can achieve the purpose of flattening and smoothing the composite filter layer by the natural gravity of water without the use of a power unit.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a damming portion 34 may be further provided in the slow filtration pond 3. The damming portion 34 is provided around the first valve 31, particularly at the bottom and the tip of the first valve 31. Thereby, it can suppress that the water which approached from the regulation pond 1 collides directly with the composite filter layer 32, and also can avoid the turbulent flow by the water which entered from the regulation pond 1. Of course, an opening for allowing water to flow into the slow filtration basin 3 is provided between the damming portion 34 and the first valve 31.

  A flow rate adjusting groove 35 is further provided in the slow filtration basin 3. The flow rate adjusting groove 35 is positioned at a position lower than the first valve 31 so as to surround the side wall in the slow filtration basin 3, receives water flowing down from the first valve 31, disperses it, and composite filter layer 32 is provided with an upward opening 351 for entering 32. Thereby, it can be ensured that the composite filter layer 32 is sufficiently and uniformly used.

  As shown in FIG. 6, a vent pipe 36 is further provided in the slow filtration pond 3. Thereby, for example, when a turbulent flow is generated during the execution of the gravity backwashing process and the gravity regular washing process, the impurities attached on the composite filter layer 32 are more easily escaped.

  The composite filter layer 32 is composed of various sands having different roughness. The composite filter layer 32 includes sand whose roughness increases from the top to the bottom. For example, in order from the top, the 0th filter sand, the 1st filter sand, the 10th gravel, and the 15th gravel. , Are spread out. In such a configuration, the filter tube 33 may be provided in the 15th gravel and the ventilation tube 36 in the 10th gravel.

  The regulation pond 1, the slow filtration basin 3 and the filtration pond 6 are main water storage configurations, but the size of the configuration can be changed as appropriate. For example, 20 sets of the slow filtration devices 2 including the slow filtration basin 3 having a water storage amount of about 2 tons may be provided in accordance with one set of the control pond 1 and the filtration pond 6.

  The above is an example given for the present application, which is provided for the purpose of explanation, but is not limited thereto. In other words, what is listed in the scope of claims includes all the various modifications based on the claims.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Slow filtration system 1 ... Control pond 2 ... Slow filtration apparatus 3 ... Slow filtration pond 31 ... 1st valve 32 ... Composite filter layer 33 ... Filter Pipe 34 ... Damping section 35 ... Flow rate adjusting groove 351 ... Opening 36 ... Vent pipe 4 ... First drain groove 41 ... Second valve 5 ... Second Drain 51 ... Third valve 6 ... Filtration basin 61 ... Fourth valve

Claims (7)

A slow filtration system,
A regulating pond containing water,
A plurality of slow filtration devices;
With
The slow filtration device is:
A first valve connected to the control pond; a composite filter layer provided at a bottom lower than the first valve; and at least one filter tube connected to the bottom of the composite filter layer. A fast filtration pond,
A first drainage groove having a second valve communicating with the slow filtration basin, wherein the first drainage grooves of the plurality of slow filtration devices communicate with each other and at least one first drainage groove. Is a first drain with an outward drain,
A third drain valve communicated with the first drainage groove and communicated with the filter tube;
A filtration basin provided with a plurality of fourth valves communicating with the second drainage grooves of the plurality of slow filtration devices;
A slow filtration system comprising: A damming portion is provided in the slow filtration pond,
The slow filtration system according to claim 1, wherein the damming portion is provided around the first valve. A flow rate adjusting groove is provided in the slow filtration pond,
The flow rate adjusting groove is provided so as to surround the side wall in the slow filtration basin so as to be positioned at a position lower than the first valve, and to receive water from the first valve. The slow filtration system according to claim 1, further comprising an upward opening through which water is dispersed and enters the composite filter layer.   2. The slow filtration system according to claim 1, wherein a vent pipe is provided at the bottom of the composite filter layer. Further comprising a slow filtration means,
The slow filtration means opens the first valve and the fourth valve and closes the second valve and the third valve, and drains water into the regulation pond. 2. The slow speed according to claim 1, wherein the first valve, the slow filtration basin, the composite filter layer, the filter pipe, the second drainage groove, and the fourth valve flow in this order and then flow into the filtration basin. Filtration system. A gravitational backwashing means configured to contain a predetermined amount of water in the filtration pond and set so that the water level in the filtration pond is higher than that of the second valve;
When the gravitational backwashing means opens the second valve and the fourth valve and closes the first valve and the third valve, the water in the filtration pond is the fourth valve and the second valve. Draining from the drain outlet of the first drainage groove after passing through the drainage groove, filter tube, composite filter layer, slow filtration pond, second valve and first drainage groove in this order. The slow filtration system according to claim 1. Gravity type regular washing means for containing a predetermined amount of water in the slow filtration pond,
When the gravitational cleansing means opens the third valve and closes the first valve, the second valve, and the fourth valve, the water in the slow filtration basin is passed through the composite filter layer and the filter tube. 2. The slow filtration system according to claim 1, wherein the first drainage groove, the third valve, and the first drainage groove are passed through in this order before being discharged from the drainage port of the first drainage groove. .