JP6006588B2 - Cutting tool holder and cutting tool - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a cutting tool holder used for cutting such as turning, and a cutting tool (bite). Specifically, a throw-away tool holder for a cutting tool used in a cutting tool used for cutting such as cylindrical turning, profiling cutting, and further grooving and end-face processing, and a seat surface in a concave portion at the tip of the cutting tool holder. The present invention relates to a cutting tool in which a cutting insert (such as a throw-away tip or simply a tip) is fixed.

  For example, when turning a high-strength material such as a heat-resistant alloy with this type of cutting tool (hereinafter also referred to as a tool), during the cutting, cutting oil or cutting water (water-insoluble cutting oil or water-soluble cutting oil) It is indispensable to continuously supply (soak) coolant such as) to the cutting edge (cutting part) of the cutting insert. In particular, in rough cutting with a deep cut, the cutting resistance is large and the wear of the cutting edge becomes intense. Therefore, the supply of coolant is important for reducing the wear and extending the tool life. As means for supplying such coolant to the cutting part of the cutting edge, in addition to supplying the coolant directly to the cutting edge part using a dedicated pipe, the cutting tool holder (hereinafter also simply referred to as a holder) is used. For example, various techniques have been proposed in which a coolant supply hole (flow channel) is formed in a tunnel shape from the base end to the tip of the holder, and the supply is performed through the supply hole (Patent Document 1). 2, 3). In these types, a pipe (tube) for pumping coolant is joined to the inlet of the supply hole, and the pumped coolant is connected to a discharge port (for coolant discharge) provided at or near the tip of the holder. From the opening) to the cutting edge that forms the cutting site.

  By the way, it is desirable to supply the coolant to the cutting edge from both the rake face side and the flank face side. However, when supplying from the rake face side, the cutting edge is blocked by the discharged chips. It is difficult to supply it efficiently. On the other hand, the life of the cutting edge is usually determined on the basis of flank wear. Further, in turning, it is the flank wear rather than the rake face that affects the finished surface roughness (accuracy). For these reasons, it is effective to supply the coolant from the flank side to the cutting edge. For this reason, also in the above technique, the coolant discharge port is opened in the vicinity of the flank side of the cutting insert forming the cutting edge, at the tip of the holder. In these cases, in order to efficiently spray the discharged coolant to the cutting site, the supply hole connected to the discharge port is provided obliquely upward at the tip of the holder, or near the cutting insert. Various ideas have been made, such as opening the discharge port. In this type of cutting tool, the cutting insert may be directly mounted on the seating surface of the holder and fixed, but in order to protect the holder from breakage or the like, the lower surface of the cutting insert and the seating surface In many cases, the lower surface and a supporting member (an inclusion called a shim sheet or anvil) having the same shape and the same size are interposed and fixed.

JP-A-61-71903 JP-A-10-296505 WO00 / 09280 Publication

  In any coolant supply means in any of the above-described techniques, the coolant to be discharged has a simple cross-sectional shape such as a small circle whose discharge port is usually small. For this reason, the coolant becomes a thin straight axial flow (usually an axial flow having a substantially circular cross section) and is applied to the cutting portion of the cutting edge. For this reason, for example, when a circular insert is used for the cutting insert, the cutting depth is relatively deep as in rough cutting, and the width (length) of the cutting edge of the cutting edge is large. Has a problem. This is because the coolant sprayed with a thin straight axial flow cannot efficiently bathe the entire wide blade width. That is, in the coolant sprayed with a straight axial flow, only a narrow width region along the cutting edge can be cooled directly. For this reason, in the use of such a coolant supply type cutting tool, there has been a problem that the frictional heat in the cutting tends to be high, and the tool life tends to be shortened due to wear and baking of the cutting edge. Note that such a problem is not limited to circular chips, but also in the case of cutting with a wide blade width (long cutting edge portion) even in the case of square or diamond-shaped chips.

  On the other hand, in order to solve such a problem by the above-described coolant spraying method, the diameter of the axial flow is increased. However, there is a limit because the chip supporting force of the holder decreases. In addition, it is conceivable that the coolant is discharged not as a straight axial flow but as a wide flat flow or a diffusion flat flow, but in order to form a discharge port from which such a discharge flow is obtained, the discharge port ( The cross-sectional shape of the nozzle opening portion) and the supply hole (flow path) in the vicinity thereof is made, for example, a flat and wide rectangle at the opening, or is processed into a fan shape with a wide width toward the opening end. Although it is necessary, in this case, the chip supporting force is similarly reduced.

  However, obtaining such a shape and structure at a minute discharge port complicates the processing, leading to a significant increase in cost or difficulty in processing. In addition, it is conceivable to form a large number of discharge ports side by side on the front end surface of the holder, but in this case, there is a similar problem. Moreover, even if a wide discharge flow is to be obtained, there is a limit to the expansion of the diameter of the tip (discharge port) of the supply hole, and it is difficult to obtain a desired discharge flow.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and in a cutting tool used for cutting such as turning, the shape and structure of the coolant discharge port (jet port) provided in the holder is complicated. Without inviting, and regardless of the shape of the cutting edge and the width of the cutting width, the width part of the cutting edge (cutting part) for cutting, or the entire cutting edge length, without incurring a reduction in chip support force, It is an object of the present invention to provide a cutting tool that can be efficiently sprayed.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is a cutting tool formed so as to form a cutting tool by fixing a cutting insert directly or via a support member to a seating surface provided at a tip. Holder for
In a cutting tool holder in which a supply hole for supplying coolant is provided inside the cutting tool holder itself,
A peripheral portion of the seat surface is provided in the form of restraining wall rises with a restraining portion for restraining the flank of the cutting insert,
When the cutting insert is positioned directly or via a support member on the seating surface with the rake face up, and the flank is restrained and fixed by the restraining portion,
A plate wall is formed around the flank of the cutting insert or the support member to hold a gap together with at least the seating surface portion of the restraint wall, and the plate wall is a peripheral edge of the seating surface. The coolant outlet is formed so as to rise from the peripheral edge of the seating surface at a portion excluding the restraining wall , and the supplied coolant can be discharged into the gap. Is open to the constraining wall or the seating surface .

The invention according to claim 2 is a cutting tool formed by fixing a cutting insert directly or via a support member to a seating surface provided at a tip of a cutting tool holder,
The cutting tool holder is provided with a constraining wall provided with a constraining portion for constraining the flank of the cutting insert at a peripheral portion of the seating surface, and supply for supplying coolant to the inside thereof. equipped with a hole,
The cutting insert is positioned on the seat surface, with the rake face up, directly or via a support member, and the flank is restrained and fixed by the restraining portion.
A plate wall is formed around the flank of the cutting insert or the support member to hold a gap together with at least the seating surface portion of the restraint wall, and the plate wall is a peripheral edge of the seating surface. The coolant outlet is formed so as to rise from the peripheral edge of the seating surface at a portion excluding the restraining wall , and the supplied coolant can be discharged into the gap. Is open to the constraining wall or the seating surface .

The invention according to claim 3 is the cutting tool according to claim 2, wherein the coolant discharge port is opened in the restraint wall or the seat surface,
A cutting tool in which the discharge port of said coolant, characterized in that it is open to the seating surface side portion or the seat surface of the restraining wall.
The invention according to claim 4 is the cutting tool according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the cutting insert is fixed to a seating surface via the support member.
The invention according to claim 5 is the cutting tool according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the support member is fixed to the seat surface by a screwing method using a screw member. .

  Since the holder for a cutting tool of the present invention and the cutting tool using the same have the above-described structure, the coolant discharged from the discharge port is used as a gap between the inner wall surface of the plate wall and the flank surface. It can be caused to enter (flow into), be guided by the inner wall surface of the plate wall, and spray from the seat surface side along the flank toward the cutting edge or the vicinity of the cutting edge. That is, according to the present invention, in the gap formed around the flank, the coolant is sprayed from the seating surface side along the flank toward the cutting edge of the cutting insert or the vicinity thereof. Therefore, the discharge flow (jet flow) can be a thin layer or a thin film flow (hereinafter referred to as a thin film flow) along the flank. For this reason, when the workpiece is cut by a cutting tool of the present invention such as turning with a wide cutting width, the coolant is inserted into the wide width region of the cutting edge forming the cutting portion. It is possible to spray (spray) efficiently without incurring a decrease in the temperature. In the present invention, the “flank” of the cutting insert refers to the flank of the cutting edge responsible for cutting, as well as a side surface or an outer peripheral surface continuous to the flank (unused cutting in a cutting insert having a plurality of corners) Flank on the blade (corner) side). Further, the “flank” of the support member corresponds to or corresponds to a surface continuing along the “flank” of the cutting insert placed and fixed thereon, that is, the flank of the cutting insert. It means the side (outer peripheral surface).

  In addition, the flow property that forms such a thin film flow along the flank obtained in the present invention is not due to the formation of the coolant discharge port by machining. As in the above-described configuration, such a thin film flow was formed in a form that was raised around the flank by fixing the cutting insert to the seating surface directly or via a support member. This utilizes the presence of a gap formed between the plate wall and at least a portion near the seating surface of the restraint wall. That is, in the present invention, the peripheral portion of the seat surface is used, a plate wall is set up on the seat wall, and at least the portion near the seat surface of the restraint wall, the inner surface (inner wall surface) thereof, and the fixed cutting insert or A gap (gap) is formed along the circumferential direction between the clearance surface of the support member, and the gap serves as a coolant channel. Then, the coolant discharged from the discharge port and entering the gap is sprayed from the seat surface side along the clearance surface toward the cutting edge of the cutting insert or the vicinity thereof in the gap, and the inside of the plate wall A thin film flow is formed by guiding the coolant on the wall surface. As described above, in the present invention, the coolant can be efficiently sprayed over a wide range along the cutting edge without complicating the shape and structure of the discharge port.

  In the present invention, the plate wall is preferably raised so that the inner wall surface thereof is parallel to the flank surface or the gap on the outlet side of the coolant (the upper end side of the plate wall) is narrowed. It is not something. That is, the angle at which the plate wall is raised may be appropriately set according to the angle (flank angle) of the flank of the cutting edge of the cutting insert. In addition, as the gap (gap) is narrower (smaller), the ejected coolant is thinner and ejected as a thin film flow having a higher speed. For this reason, this gap takes into account its viscosity and composition, and also the output of a pump (pumping means), etc., so that the necessary or appropriate amount of coolant can be smoothly ejected according to the cutting conditions. Can be set. In addition, since it is preferable that the coolant is efficiently injected onto the cutting edge that is actually responsible for cutting, it is relatively relative to the portion of the cutting edge having a high cutting resistance (the portion of the corner when cutting deeply at the corner). The width of the gap (opening) is wide at the part of the cutting edge where the cutting resistance is large and narrowed at the part where it is small, that is, around the flank, that is, along the cutting edge. It may be different.

  In the present invention, the discharge port provided in the restraint wall or the seat surface only needs to allow the coolant to enter the gap and flow from the seat surface side to the rake surface side along the flank surface. The direction (direction in which the coolant is discharged) may be set based on the arrangement of the cutting insert on the seat surface. Further, the discharge port may be opened across the restraint wall, the seat surface, or both. However, when the discharge port is opened in the seat surface, the contact pressure area of the cutting insert or the support member with respect to the seat surface may be reduced accordingly. On the other hand, by opening the constraining wall, there is no reduction, and the coolant can be easily discharged along the seating surface, so that it easily flows around the flank in the gap. Thereby, it is easy to inject as a thin film flow also from the space | gap of the position spaced apart from a discharge outlet. For this reason as well, it is more preferable that the discharge port be provided in the portion near the seat surface even in the restraint wall.

  In addition, the height of the plate wall may be any as long as the inner wall surface of the plate wall can form the above-described guide in the injection of the coolant, but it also depends on the coolant flow rate per unit time. What is necessary is just to set so that it may become suitable height. On the other hand, since the plate wall is positioned on the flank side, the plate wall is likely to interfere with the workpiece during cutting. For this reason, what is necessary is just to set the height etc. of the plate wall in consideration of the thickness of the plate wall as long as there is no trouble in cutting. The plate wall may be integrally formed by cutting out in the process of forming the seating surface or the like of the holder, or a thin plate or the like may be separately formed by welding or the like.

  In the present invention, when the cutting insert is directly fixed to the seating surface without interposing a support member, if the thickness of the cutting insert is thin, the height of the plate wall cannot be secured sufficiently. For this reason, in this invention, it can be said that it is preferable to interpose a support member not only for the protection of a holder but also from the point of ensuring the guide action of a coolant. In this sense, when a support member is not used, it is preferable to use a thick cutting insert or increase the coolant pumping flow rate by reducing the gap. Note that the present invention can be applied to either a positive type or a negative type cutting insert. However, in the case of a positive type, the present invention can be easily applied because a plate wall is easily formed.

The perspective view of 1st Embodiment of the cutting tool which concerns on this invention, and its principal part enlarged view. The disassembled perspective view of the principal part of FIG. 1, the principal part enlarged view of a holder, and the expanded longitudinal cross-sectional view of a holder front-end | tip part (S1-S1). The top view of the front-end | tip part of a holder, and the principal part enlarged view. The perspective sectional view of the cutting tool of FIG. 1, and its principal part enlarged view. A is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of a main part of the cutting tool of FIG. 1, and B is a cross-sectional view of S2-S2. The further enlarged view explaining the expansion of the P1 part of FIG. 5, and the space | gap of the tip. S3-S3 sectional drawing of FIG. The half sectional view which looked at Drawing 6 from the tip side. The figure of the front-end | tip part which looked at FIG. 8 from the side. The figure corresponding to FIG. 6 explaining a modification. The disassembled perspective view of 2nd Embodiment of the cutting tool which concerns on this invention, and the principal part enlarged view of a holder. The perspective view of 2nd Embodiment of the cutting tool which concerns on this invention, and its principal part enlarged view. Sectional drawing which looked at the principal part of FIG. 12 from arrow A1, and the further enlarged view of each part. Sectional drawing which looked at the cutting tool in FIG. 13 from the front end side, and its further enlarged view. The disassembled perspective view of 3rd Embodiment of the cutting tool which concerns on this invention, and the principal part enlarged view of a holder. The perspective view of 3rd Embodiment of the cutting tool which concerns on this invention, and its principal part enlarged view. Sectional drawing which looked at the principal part of FIG. 16 from arrow A2, and the further enlarged view of each part.

  An embodiment of the present invention (first embodiment) will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, the cutting tool 100 of the present example seats a support member 61 for supporting a cutting insert on a seat surface 23 that is recessed at the tip (left end) 21 of a rod-shaped holder 11. The cutting insert 71 is fixed via the support member 61. The fixing is performed by screwing a screw member (clamping bolt, clamp screw member) 81 in the portion near the tip of the upper surface 13 of the holder 11 and pressing a clamp member (presser foot) 83 with its head, It is based on a clamp method that presses the rake face 73 of the cutting insert 71 at the offset portion 84. The fixed cutting insert 71 is of a positive type having a circular cutting edge 72. Hereinafter, the cutting tool 100 according to the first embodiment will be sequentially described from the holder 11 constituting the cutting tool 100 with reference to the drawings.

  The holder 11 constituting the cutting tool 100 of this example has a rectangular cross section and extends in a rod shape, and a portion close to the tip 21 thereof as viewed in plan (as viewed from the rake face 73 side of the fixed cutting insert 71). ), A neck portion 15 which is tapered on both sides, and a head portion 17 which extends in a predetermined width toward the front side through the neck portion 15 and is formed in an arc shape whose tip 21 is convex in plan view. (See FIGS. 1 to 3). A screw hole 19 for screwing a clamp member pressing screw member 81 for fixing the cutting insert 71 is provided in the upper surface (the surface facing the rake surface 73) of the head portion 17 of the holder 11 near the neck portion 15. ing. Further, a groove 20 for fitting the leg portion 85 at the 83 rear end of the clamp member is cut between the neck portion 15 and the head portion 17 on the upper surface 13 of the holder 11.

  The head 17 is recessed at the tip 21 of the holder 11 in a plan view in an arc (circular) shape, and the circular bottom surface forms a flat seating surface 23. However, a through hole (circular hole) 25 penetrating perpendicularly toward the lower surface 14 of the holder 11 is provided in the center of the seat surface 23. This through-hole 25 is supported by inserting a screw member 91 with a head from the lower surface 14 side of the holder 11 and screwing it into a screw hole 63 provided at the center of the lower surface 62 of the support member 61 seated on the seat surface 23. This is for fixing the member 61 to the seating surface 23. In addition, since the through hole 25 sinks the head portion 93 of the screw member 91, the lower surface 14 side of the holder 11 which is a formation surface thereof is constricted in a diameter-expanded shape (see FIGS. 2 and 4). Further, in this example, the cutting insert 71 is not directly seated on the seat surface 23 provided on the head 17 of the holder 11, but a support member (shim sheet) 61 is interposed. Therefore, the seating surface 23 is formed in a shape that is deeply dug down. Further, the seating surface 23 is configured such that a rake surface 73 of a cutting insert 71 fixed with a support member 61 interposed therebetween is substantially flush with the upper surface 13 of the holder 11.

  Of the above-described seating surface 23, the peripheral edge of the holder main body 10 on the base end 12 side has an arc shape close to a semicircle in plan view, and a restraint wall 31 that rises vertically from the peripheral edge of the seating surface 23. It is formed (see FIGS. 2 and 3). However, the constraining wall 31 is formed so that the upper end portion 34 above the upper portion 34 of the constraining wall 31 forms a circular arc having a large diameter (inner diameter) through the step portion 33 with respect to the portion 32 near the seat surface 23 in plan view. Yes. The restraint wall 31 is raised to the upper surface 13 of the head 17 in the holder 11. Of the portion 34 near the upper end of the constraining wall 31, the region near the upper surface 13 of the holder 11 is configured to form a constraining portion 35 that constrains the flank 75 of the cutting insert 71 in this example (FIG. 2). To FIG. 4). That is, the constraining portion 35, which is a portion near the upper surface of the constraining wall 31, has a clearance angle so as to come into contact with a portion near the upper edge (a portion near the rake surface 73) of the flank 75 of the cutting insert 71 in a plan view. The diameter is expanded toward the upper end so as to form a taper surface corresponding to. Accordingly, the cutting insert 71 is set to be restrained (positioned) by pressing the flank 75 on one side thereof against the restraining portion 35 formed of the tapered surface.

  As described above, the cutting insert 71 used in the cutting tool 100 of this example is a positive type circular tip. However, as for this cutting insert 71, the upper surface (rake face 73) is flat (plane). On the other hand, the lower surface (lower part) 76 is formed into a convex V shape so as to be symmetrical with respect to one diameter so that the circular cutting edge 72 is used at two positions facing each other ( (See FIG. 8). On the other hand, the support member 61 is formed in a V (V-shaped valley) shape in which an upper surface 64 that forms a support surface (seat surface) that supports the cutting insert 71 is a recess that fits in a lower portion of the cutting insert 71 ( (See FIG. 8). The outer peripheral surface (flank) 65 near the support surface has the same taper as the clearance angle of the flank 75 of the cutting insert 71. Further, when the lower part of the cutting insert 71 is concentrically fitted to the upper surface 64 (supporting surface), the flank 65 that is the side surface thereof is connected to the flank 75 that is the side surface of the cutting insert 71. It is formed to have a trapezoidal shape. That is, a portion near the support surface (upper half) of the flank (side surface) 65 of the support member 61 is formed in a taper that continues to the flank 75 that is the outer peripheral surface of the cutting insert 71. And about half of the lower part forms the column shape of the same diameter up and down. The support member 61 is positioned with its lower surface 62 seated on the seating surface 23, and the screw member 91 is inserted from the lower surface 14 of the holder 11 into the through hole 25, and the lower surface 62 of the support member 61. When the screw hole 63 provided in the center is screwed and fixed, a gap is formed between the outer peripheral surface (flank 65) of the support member 61 and the above-described restraint wall 31 except for the restraint portion 35. It is set to be formed (see FIGS. 4 to 7). As is clear from this, the seating surface 23 is concentric with the lower surface 62 of the support member 61 and has a flat circular shape that is slightly larger than the lower surface.

  Of such a seating surface 23, the front end side of the holder 11 on the side opposite to the above-described restraining wall 31 has a substantially semicircular arc shape in plan view along its peripheral edge (outer peripheral edge). A plate wall 41 having a predetermined thickness (for example, 0.5 to 1.0 mm) is raised substantially vertically on the seating surface 23 (see FIGS. 2 to 7). The plate wall 41 has a height up to an intermediate portion (step 33) of the height of the restraint wall 31 and is formed so that both ends in the circumferential direction are connected to the restraint wall 31 in plan view. In this example, the height of the plate wall 41 is constant (the same height) in the circumferential direction. Further, the upper end 43 of the plate wall 41 is lower than the V-shaped valley of the upper surface 64 when the support member 61 is seated on the inner seat surface 23, and the outer peripheral surface (flank) 65 of the support member 61. Is set to be an intermediate portion of the height of the tapered surface. In this example, the inner wall surface 44 of the plate wall 41 and the inner peripheral surface 32 of the restraining wall 31 near the seating surface form a circle in plan view (see FIG. 3). Thus, in this example, when the support member 61 is positioned and fixed to the seat surface 23, the flank (outer peripheral surface) 65 of the support member 61 is connected to the inner wall surface 44 of the plate wall 41 and the constraining wall 31 connected thereto. It is set so that a cylindrical (annular) space consisting of a constant gap (gap) K in the circumferential direction in a plan view is maintained between the inner peripheral surface of the portion 33 near the seating surface 23. However, the gap K is narrower at the upper end 43 of the plate wall 41 than the seating surface 23 side corresponding to the taper of the flank 65 which is the outer peripheral surface of the support member 61. That is, it is formed so as to open upward at the upper end 43 between the flank 65 of the support member 61 and the inner wall surface 44 of the plate wall 41 (see FIG. 6). Note that the outer peripheral surface of the plate wall 41 is formed so as to be flush with the tip-facing surface of the head 17 that forms a convex arc in a plan view of the tip 21 of the holder 11.

  On the other hand, in the holder main body 10, a supply hole 51 for supplying coolant is provided in a tunnel shape so as to extend substantially along the longitudinal direction of the holder main body 10 so as to penetrate substantially the center of the cross section. In the supply hole 51, a connection port (inlet) 53 for a supply pipe (not shown) of the coolant is opened at the base end 12 of the holder 11. Further, a discharge port 55 is opened at a portion of the tip end 21 of the holder 11 near the seating surface 23 of the restraint wall 31. As a result, the coolant is pumped from the pumping source through the pipe connected to the connection port, so that the coolant flows through the supply hole 51 and is discharged from the discharge port 55 as shown by the broken line arrows in each figure. It is formed to be. In this example, the supply hole 51 has a circular cross section and is provided so that the lower edge of the discharge port (opening) 55 coincides with the seating surface 23. It may be lower than the surface 23 and may be opened. That is, it may be opened in the seating surface 23 or may be opened across both.

  The cutting tool 100 of the present example using such a cutting tool holder 11 has a seating surface 23 formed so as to be depressed at the tip 21 of the holder 11, as shown in FIGS. The support member 61 is seated (placed). Then, from the lower surface 14 of the holder 11, the screw member 91 is passed through the through hole 25 and screwed into the screw hole 63 of the support member 61 to fix the support member 61. Thereby, the through hole 25 is simultaneously closed. The lower part of the cutting insert 71 is fitted on the upper surface 64 of the support member 61 thus fixed, as described above, and is seated (placed). In this state, the portion near the upper edge of the flank 75 (the portion near the rake surface 73) is pressed against the restraining portion (tapered surface) 35 in the restraining wall 31. Under this pressing state, the screw member (clamping bolt, clamp screw member) 81 is inserted into the screw hole 19 while the rake face 73 is pressed by the tip portion (pressing portion) 84 in the clamp member 83. Screw in. Thereby, the cutting insert 71 is fixed to the seating surface 23 of the holder 11, and becomes the cutting tool 100 shown in FIG. In cylindrical turning, since the cutting resistance in the transverse feed is large, the support member 61 is arranged and fixed on the seating surface 23 so that the V-shaped valley extends at the front of the holder 11 so as to resist it. It is good to do.

  In such a cutting tool 100, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 8, the plate wall 41 and the restraint wall 31 and the outer peripheral surface (flank 65 of the support member 61 surrounded by them and fixed to the seat surface 23. ) Is formed as an annular gap K as described above. The gap K communicates with the coolant supply hole 51 in the holder 11 via the discharge port 55. On the other hand, the upper portion of the constraining wall 31 is blocked by pressing the portion closer to the rake surface 73 out of the flank 75 of the cutting insert 71. On the other hand, the upper part (upper end) of the arcuate portion along the plate wall 41 in the gap K is opened. Thereby, a coolant supply pipe is connected to the connection port (coolant inlet) 53 of the base end 12 of the holder 11, and when it is supplied (pressure fed), the coolant is close to the seating surface 23 portion of the restraint wall 31. In each of the drawings, the discharge port 55 is discharged into the gap K as indicated by the broken line arrow. The coolant discharged into the gap K enters between the outer peripheral surface (flank 65) of the support member 61 and the inner wall surface 44 of the plate wall 41 so as to branch left and right in the gap K and wrap around the tip side ( Flow). The coolant that has flowed in this way is ejected with the upper end (opening) of the arc-shaped gap K opened toward the rake face 73 as viewed in a plan view. At this time, since the plate wall 41 is provided as described above, the coolant sprayed by the inner wall surface 44 causes the clearance surfaces 65 and 75 of the support member 61 and the cutting insert 71 from the seat surface 23 side in the gap K. Are sprayed toward the cutting edge 72 of the cutting insert 71 or the vicinity thereof. That is, the coolant discharged from the discharge port 55 flows into the gap K between the inner wall surface 44 of the plate wall 41 on the front end side and the outer peripheral surface 65 of the support member 61, and has a circular arc shape in plan view along the upper end 43 of the plate wall 41. In the opening, the inner wall surface 44 of the plate wall 41 is ejected as a guide. As a result, the coolant becomes a thin film flow along the flank 75 from the seat surface 23 side to the cutting edge 72 on the rake face 73 side, as indicated by broken line arrows in FIGS. 6, 8, and 9. It is sprayed toward. That is, in this example, the coolant is sprayed over a range of about 180 degrees or more in a plan view of the circular cutting edge 72, as indicated by broken line arrows in FIGS.

  As is clear from the above, when the cutting tool 100 of this example is fixed to a tool post of a lathe and the workpiece W is turned, for example, in a cylindrical manner while supplying the coolant (see FIGS. 6 and 7), the coolant Becomes a thin film flow and is sprayed over the entire region along the arcuate cutting edge 72 on the side responsible for cutting. Thereby, even in such cutting, it can be efficiently bathed without causing a decrease in chip support force. It should be noted that the coolant may be sprayed at a relatively small flow rate on a portion where coolant blowing is relatively unimportant, that is, on a portion of the cutting edge other than the portion of the cutting edge that is actually responsible for cutting. For this reason, the space | gap K of the site | part corresponding to such a cutting blade site | part may be made relatively small in the range which does not have trouble as a coolant flow path.

  As is clear from the above embodiment, the thin film flow in the coolant injection obtained in the present invention is such that the flank 65 of the support member 61, the plate wall 41, and the like during the setup for fixing the cutting insert 71 to the holder 11. It is obtained by forming a gap K between the two. That is, the formation of the gap K for obtaining the thin film flow is obtained in the process of fixing the cutting insert 71 and the support member 61 to the holder 11 as in the conventional case. That is, in the present invention, a desired thin film flow can be obtained regardless of the shape of the discharge port which is the outlet of the supply hole. Therefore, since the discharge port may have a simple shape (for example, a circle) similar to the conventional one, the processing and formation thereof are not complicated. As described above, the gap K (gap) may be set in consideration of its viscosity and composition, and further, the output of the pressure pump so that the necessary or appropriate amount of coolant can be smoothly discharged. Good. This gap K is generally set within a range of 0.1 to 2 mm, although it depends on cutting conditions such as the shape and size of the cutting insert 71.

  In the above example, the discharge port 55 is opened near the seating surface 23 of the constraining wall 31, but in the present invention, the coolant is in the circumferential direction of the cutting insert or the support member (around the flank as viewed from the rake face side). It suffices if it can flow and be ejected from the seat surface side to the rake surface side in the gap between the flank surface and the inner wall surface of the plate wall. Therefore, as long as such a flow and ejection are obtained, the discharge port may be provided in the middle of the height direction of the restraint wall or may be opened on the seating surface.

  Further, in the above example, the case where the cutting insert 71 is fixed to the seating surface 23 via the support member 61 is illustrated. However, the support member 61 in the above example and the cutting member may be cut without using such a support member 61. By using a cutting insert having a shape integrated with the insert 71, it can be directly fixed to the seating surface 23. In the case of using the support member 61, at least the outer peripheral surface of the outer peripheral surface (flank 65) on the side where the coolant is jetted from the seat surface 23 side flows continuously with the flank 75 of the cutting insert 71 without a step. Preferably.

  Furthermore, since the support member 61 is fixed to the seating surface 23 with screws in the above example, the stability of the fixing is high. However, without using such screws, it is possible to prevent lateral displacement by simply fitting by dowel fitting and fixing. It is good also as what is performed simultaneously in the press by the clamp member which is a fixing means of the cutting insert 71. FIG. In addition, as well as fixing a well-known cutting insert with a hole, a through hole is provided between the rake face and the lower face, and a screw hole is provided in the seating face, and the clamp screw is passed directly from the rake face side. It can also be embodied as screwing by screwing. That is, a well-known one (clamping system or locking mechanism) can be applied as the fixing means for the cutting insert.

  Further, in this example, since the upper end 43 of the inner wall surface 44 of the plate wall 41 is located at a tapered surface portion of the side surface of the support member 61 (corresponding to the flank 75 of the cutting insert 71), the injected coolant is It is ejected in the form of being struck against this tapered surface. Thereby, the coolant is sprayed so as to positively follow the flank 75 of the cutting insert 71 on the support member 61. Note that the upper end 43 of the inner wall surface 44 of the plate wall 41 may be provided in parallel to the flank 75 of the cutting insert 71. The angle formed by the upper end of the inner wall surface 44 of the plate wall 41 or a portion near the upper end and the flank surfaces 65 and 75 of the supporting member 61 or the cutting insert 71 facing each other with the gap K therebetween, or the state of change in the size of the gap K is In order to influence the jet direction of the coolant, these may be set as appropriate based on the positive and negative of the cutting insert 71, the width of the gap K (the width of the gap), and the like.

  Further, as described above, the rising height of the plate wall is not limited as long as it can form the guide described above in the ejection of the coolant, but the plate wall 41 is located on the flank side, It will be easy to interfere with the workpiece. For this reason, the height may be set appropriately within the range in which the coolant can be guided in consideration of the above. The thickness of the plate wall is preferably as thin as possible from the viewpoint of preventing interference with the workpiece during cutting. In the above embodiment, a case where a positive type cutting insert is used has been described. However, a negative type cutting insert can also be used.

  FIG. 10 illustrates a modification using the negative type cutting insert 71 in the above embodiment in a diagram corresponding to FIG. 6, and corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference numerals. That is, as shown in the figure, for example, the support member 61 has the same diameter up and down, and a negative type cutting insert 71 is placed on the upper surface 64 and fixed in the same manner as in the above example. is there. In this case, the constraining portion 35 of the constraining wall 31 matches the flank 75, and therefore, for example, an undercut is generated on the seating surface 23 side as illustrated. In such a case, if it is difficult to perform processing by integral cutting, the constraining portion 35 may be separately manufactured as a block piece and then assembled by a fitting method. In FIG. 6, only the cutting insert 71 has a clearance angle of 0, and a constraining portion in the constraining wall 31 is formed so that the clearance surface 75 abuts, and the cutting insert is formed on the upper surface of the support member 61. 71 may be fitted and fixed. This is because although a slight level difference is generated on the outer peripheral surface of the fitting portion, it can be sprayed in the vicinity of the cutting edge 72 depending on the flow rate of the coolant.

  In the above example, the present invention is embodied in a cutting tool using a cutting insert having a circular rake face, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, it can be applied to a cutting insert (chip) for grooving. The present invention can also be applied to polygonal chips having corners such as squares and rhombuses. Next, as an example, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. However, this example is different from the first embodiment only in that the cutting tool is a cutting tool 200 for grooving (cut-off), and there is no essential difference from the above example. . For this reason, only the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the site | part which is the same or respond | corresponds, detailed description is abbreviate | omitted, and only the difference is demonstrated.

  That is, the cutting tool 200 of the present example is based on the fact that it is for grooving (cutting-off) with respect to the holder 11, the support member 61, the cutting insert 71, etc. in the above-described embodiment example. The shape of each part is different. As shown in FIG. 11, since the cutting insert 71 is responsible for rectangular grooving, the cutting edge (lateral cutting) located on the side of the cutting edge (front cutting edge) 72 located on the distal end side in plan view is shown. The blade 72b has a generally rectangular shape whose width decreases toward the rear. And in order to fix this cutting insert 71, the head 17 in the holder 11, the seat surface 23, the support member 61, etc. have comprised planar view, the elongate outline, and the rectangle. The head portion 17 of the holder 11 is recessed in a rectangular shape in plan view, the seat surface 23 is formed by being dug in the upper surface of the head portion, and the plate wall 41 has its tip 21 at the periphery thereof. It is formed to stand up on both sides. The restraint wall 31 is formed so as to rise relatively on the rear end (base end 12 of the holder) side of the seating surface 23. In this example, there are two screw members 91 for fixing the support member, and the clamp member 83 is set to fit the boss 87 provided on the lower surface of the rear end into the hole 18 on the upper surface 13 of the holder 11. ing.

  In the present example, the support member 61 having a rectangular shape in plan view is positioned on the seat surface 23 formed in the depressed shape and fixed with the screw member 91 (see FIGS. 12 to 14). At this time, a plan view of the support member 61, side surfaces along the four sides (four side surfaces including a front clearance surface 65, both side surfaces 66 corresponding to the lateral clearance surface of the cutting insert, and a rear end surface 67), and a plate wall surrounding the side surface As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, a gap K is formed between 41 and the restraint wall 31, thereby forming a rectangular frame-shaped gap in plan view. Then, the cutting insert 71 is seated on the support member 61 and positioned, and is fixed using the clamp member 83 in the same manner as the previous example. In this example, the cutting insert 71 is fixed by pressing the rear end surface 77 against the restraining portion 35 above the restraining wall 31. Thereby, in this example, each side surface 65, 66 in the supporting member 61 corresponding to each side along the front cutting edge 72 of the rectangular cutting insert 71, the front cutting edge 72, and the horizontal cutting edges 72b on both sides, and the plate wall 41 In the gap K between them, the coolant is sprayed from the seat surface 23 side toward the cutting edges 72, 72b or the vicinity thereof.

  In other words, in this example, when the coolant is discharged from the discharge port 55 of the supply hole 51 provided in the holder 11, the seat surface portion 32 of the restraint wall 31 and the corresponding support member are provided. 61 is discharged into the gap K between the rear end surface 67 of the 61 (see the lower right diagram in FIG. 13). The coolant flows through the gap K (see FIG. 14) between the two outer surfaces 66 along both sides of the support member 61 and the plate wall 41 in plan view, and the gap on the tip side (front flank 65 side). It wraps around K, and in those gaps K, it is injected from the seat surface 23 side toward the front cutting edge 72 and the side cutting edge 72b or their vicinity. That is, in the cutting tool 200 of the present example, when grooving or parting-off processing is performed, the coolant flows along the front flank from the seating surface 23 side and the front cutting edge 72 and the lateral cutting edge located on the side thereof. Towards, it will be sprayed as a thin film flow. Thereby, also in this example, the effect similar to the said example is acquired.

  In each of the above examples, the case where the cutting insert 71 is fixed via the support member 61 has been described. However, the present invention can also be applied to the case where the cutting insert 71 is directly seated and fixed on the seat surface 23. As an example, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. However, the cutting tool 300 of this example is substantially the same as the first embodiment except that the cutting insert 71 is a rhombus and a flat bottom surface 76 except for the support member 61. It can be said that only the differences are different (see FIGS. 15 and 6). For this reason, it demonstrates centering on this difference and it attaches | subjects only to attaching | subjecting the same code | symbol to the same or corresponding site | part. The cutting insert 71 has a hole, and is fixed directly to the screw hole 25 of the seating surface 23 by screwing with a screw member (clamp screw) 95.

  As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the holder 11 of the present example is formed on the upper surface 13 so that the front flank 75 side and the side flank 75 side of the cutting insert 71 to be fixed are opened at the tip 21. It is recessed and the bottom part has comprised the flat seat surface 23. FIG. The seat surface 23 is formed to be slightly larger than the flat lower surface 76 of the diamond-shaped cutting insert 71 to be fixed. In response to the recess of the seat surface 23, a restraint wall 31 for restraining the cutting insert 71 is raised at the peripheral edge of the seat surface 23. That is, the constraining wall 31 is raised in a form along the two flank surfaces 75 and 75 in a plan view, with an arrangement sandwiching one corner of the cutting insert 71. However, the constraining wall 31 is formed such that a portion 32 closer to the seat surface rises perpendicularly to the seat surface 23, and a portion 35 near (upward) the upper surface is a flank 75 (flank angle) of the cutting insert 71 (positive). The angle is set so as to substantially coincide with (), and the restraining portion 35 is formed. As a result, the cutting insert 71 is set to be positioned by pressing the two flank surfaces 75 sandwiching the corner against the restraining portions 35 of the two restraining walls 31. Accordingly, at this time, a gap K is set between the clearance surface portion 32 and the two flank surfaces 75 and 75 (see FIG. 17). When the cutting insert 71 is positioned in this way, the seating surface 23 is maintained so that the gap K is held between the front flank 75 and the side flank 75 sandwiching one corner 72c to be cut. A plate wall 41 is raised at the periphery of the plate. It should be noted that the rising height of the plate wall 41 is substantially the same as the height of the portion 32 closer to the seating surface of the restraining wall 31 that is raised perpendicularly to the seating surface 23. Further, the coolant discharge port 55 is opened at a crossing (corner angle) between the two constraining walls 31 in plan view.

  Then, the cutting insert 71 is seated on the seat surface 23 of the holder 11 and positioned as described above, and the clamp screw 95 is passed through the hole and screwed into the screw hole 25 provided in the center of the seat surface 23. By fixing the cutting insert 71 in this manner, a diamond-shaped gap K exists around the flank surfaces 75 and 75 along the four sides in plan view. Among these, the upper end of the gap K along the plate wall 41 is opened. As a result, when the coolant is supplied to the supply hole 51 with the cutting insert 71 fixed, the coolant is discharged into the gap K at the discharge port 55 to the cutting edge corner (nose) 72c responsible for cutting. It flows so as to wrap around the gap K (see FIG. 17). The coolant that has flowed in this way is injected in the gap K between the front flank 75 and the side flank 75 sandwiching the nose (corner) 72c responsible for the cutting, and the inner wall surface 44 of the plate wall 41 facing them. Is done. That is, in this gap K, the coolant is guided by the inner wall surface 44 and sprayed from the seat surface 23 side along the flank surfaces 75 and 75 toward the cutting edge 72 of the cutting insert 71 or the vicinity thereof. As described above, in this example as well, in the same manner as in the above examples, from the seat surface 23 on the flank surfaces 75 and 75 side, the cutting edge 72 including the nose 72c responsible for cutting, or the vicinity thereof, over a predetermined range along the cutting edge 72 The coolant can be sprayed with a thin film flow.

  The present invention is not limited to what has been described in the above examples, and can be embodied with appropriate modifications without departing from the gist of the present invention. As described above, the shape is not limited to the tip shape or the cutting edge shape, and the tip may be fixed directly to the seating surface without using a support member. Even when a support member is used, it may have a plurality of laminated structures. Moreover, it is not limited to the type of chip (positive or negative). Furthermore, the coolant applied in the present invention can be applied to the case of using a gas (for example, cooling air) instead of an oily or aqueous liquid. It should be noted that the coolant supply hole only needs to be able to be supplied, and therefore, it is obvious that the coolant supply hole does not have to be provided linearly from the base end to the tip end of the holder.

11 Cutting Tool Holder 21 Cutting Tool Holder Tip 23 Seat 23
Reference Signs List 31 Restraint Wall 32 Restraint Wall Seat Part 35 Restraint 41 Plate Wall 44 Inner Wall 51 Coolant Supply Supply Hole 55 Discharge Port 61 Support Member 65 Support Member Flank 71 Cutting Insert 72 Cutting Insert Cutting Edge 73 Cutting Insert rake face 75 Cutting insert flank face 100, 200, 300 Cutting tool K Gap

Claims (5)

A cutting tool holder formed so as to form a cutting tool by fixing a cutting insert directly or via a support member to a seating surface provided at a tip,
In a cutting tool holder in which a supply hole for supplying coolant is provided inside the cutting tool holder itself,
A peripheral portion of the seat surface is provided in the form of restraining wall rises with a restraining portion for restraining the flank of the cutting insert,
When the cutting insert is positioned directly or via a support member on the seating surface with the rake face up, and the flank is restrained and fixed by the restraining portion,
A plate wall is formed around the flank of the cutting insert or the support member to hold a gap together with at least the seating surface portion of the restraint wall, and the plate wall is a peripheral edge of the seating surface. The coolant outlet is formed so as to rise from the peripheral edge of the seating surface at a portion excluding the restraining wall , and the supplied coolant can be discharged into the gap. Is formed in the constraining wall or the seating surface . A cutting tool in which a cutting insert is fixed directly or via a support member to a seating surface provided at the tip of a cutting tool holder,
The cutting tool holder is provided with a constraining wall provided with a constraining portion for constraining the flank of the cutting insert at a peripheral portion of the seating surface, and supply for supplying coolant to the inside thereof. equipped with a hole,
The cutting insert is positioned on the seat surface, with the rake face up, directly or via a support member, and the flank is restrained and fixed by the restraining portion.
A plate wall is formed around the flank of the cutting insert or the support member to hold a gap together with at least the seating surface portion of the restraint wall, and the plate wall is a peripheral edge of the seating surface. The coolant outlet is formed so as to rise from the peripheral edge of the seating surface at a portion excluding the restraining wall , and the supplied coolant can be discharged into the gap. A cutting tool, wherein the constraining wall or the seating surface is opened . The cutting tool according to claim 2, wherein the coolant discharge port is opened in the restraint wall or the seat surface,
A cutting tool characterized in that the coolant discharge port is opened in the portion near the seating surface or in the seating surface of the constraining wall.   The cutting tool according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the cutting insert is fixed to a seating surface via the support member.   The cutting tool according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the supporting member is fixed to the seating surface by a screwing method using a screw member.

Images