JP6002525B2 - Manufacturing method of glass plate - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing glass.

  When manufacturing glass, generally the molten glass obtained by melting the glass raw material thrown into the melting tank is made. This molten glass is clarified by defoaming or the like, and then formed into a sheet-like glass by a forming apparatus. A glass plate is obtained by cutting the sheet glass into a predetermined length.

  When melting a glass raw material to produce a molten glass, the glass raw material charged on the liquid surface of the molten glass is melted by a flame such as a burner. Specifically, the glass raw material starts to melt gradually by the heat radiation of the furnace wall heated by a burner or the like or a high-temperature gas phase atmosphere and melts into the molten glass below. On the other hand, the molten glass is stored on the wall surface of the melting tank and is energized using a pair of electrodes in contact with the molten glass. By this energization, the molten glass itself generates Joule heat, and this Joule heat heats the molten glass itself.

It is known that a heat-resistant material such as platinum, a platinum rhodium alloy, molybdenum, or tin oxide is used as a material used for an electrode used in a melting furnace (Patent Document 1).
In a molybdenum electrode, a technique is known in which a screw is provided on an electrode and another electrode is connected. When an electrode is used by being connected to another electrode by a male screw and a female screw, in order to prevent the occurrence of poor connection due to the connecting portion of this electrode and another electrode, molybdenum paste is applied to the female screw and the electrode There is also known a technique for connecting different electrodes to those (Patent Document 2).

JP 2003-292323 A JP 58-156543 A

However, the above-described technique of connecting an electrode to another electrode by a male screw and a female screw is not preferable because the configuration around the electrode becomes complicated.
On the other hand, an electrode for addition (hereinafter simply referred to as an addition electrode) may be added to the electrode while the electrode is placed on and supported on a refractory brick as a reference provided in the melting tank. In this case, the extension electrode is also added to the electrode by sliding on the surface of the refractory brick.
However, the above-mentioned refractory bricks have a low surface flatness, the end faces to which the electrodes are connected and the electrodes are not necessarily in surface contact with each other, a gap is formed between the connection end faces, and the connection resistance may increase. Specifically, the central axis in the extending direction of the end face connecting the electrode and the electrode for extension may not be parallel and a gap may be generated. In other words, even if the processing accuracy of the end face connecting the electrode and the electrode for addition is good, a gap is generated, and further, the discharge occurs between the terminals due to the gap, and the end face of the electrode and the extension electrode is damaged, The connection resistance may increase.
Moreover, when the support surface of the electrode is formed together with a plurality of refractory bricks in addition to the above refractory bricks, there may be a step due to the joint between the refractory bricks, and the end surfaces connecting the electrodes and connecting the electrodes may not necessarily be in surface contact. Arise. In addition, when the above refractory bricks are placed on a layer of fire bricks stacked in multiple stages, the dimensions of the fire bricks stacked in multiple stages and the dimensions of the seams between the fire bricks are not sufficiently uniform. The surface of the refractory brick on which the extension electrode is placed is unlikely to be a plane parallel to the surface of the refractory brick above the electrode held in contact with the electrode. For this reason, the end surfaces where the electrodes are connected to each other are not necessarily in surface contact with each other, and a gap is generated between the connection end surfaces, which may increase the connection resistance.
For this reason, the electric current heating of the stable molten glass cannot be performed in a melting tank, and, as a result, the case where glass cannot be manufactured stably for a long period of time using a melting tank arises.

  Then, this invention aims at providing the manufacturing method of the glass which can manufacture glass stably using a melting tank for a long period of time, when manufacturing glass using the melting tank provided with the electrode. .

One embodiment of the present invention is a method for producing glass. The method is
Introducing a glass raw material into a melting tank equipped with at least a pair of electrodes and melting the glass raw material;
And heating the molten glass produced by melting the glass raw material using the pair of electrodes.
The melting tank is configured by laminating a plurality of refractory bricks.
The pair of electrodes is made of tin oxide , and at least one first electrode of the pair of electrodes is held by the refractory bricks around the pair of electrodes among the refractory bricks constituting the melting tank and the It is placed on and supported by a supporting refractory brick. The end face of the first electrode is connected to the end face of the second electrode different from the pair of electrodes supported by being placed on the supporting refractory brick, and the second electrode is made of tin oxide. Yes.
Wherein in the step of electrically heating, by a load toward the first electrode from the rear end face of the second electrode located on the opposite side of the end surface of the second electrode connected to the first electrode, the first The end face of the second electrode is energized from the rear end face of the second electrode in a state where the end face of the electrode and the end face of the second electrode are in surface contact and the gap between the end faces of the first electrode and the second electrode is reduced. .

  In that case, it is preferable to load the said load from the rear-end surface of the said 2nd electrode via an elastic member.

  Moreover, the end surface where the first electrode and the second electrode are connected to each other has a concave portion facing each other, and a rod-shaped tin oxide material is provided in the concave portion, thereby preventing the displacement of the connecting end surface. .

  The melting tank includes, for example, an electrode body in which a plurality of electrode body elements for energizing and heating the molten glass are bundled, and an electrode body for addition in which electrode body elements for addition to be connected to each of the electrode body elements are bundled. Have. In this case, each of the electrode body elements is the first electrode, and each of the additional electrode body elements is the second electrode. A plurality of connection end faces where the electrode body element for extension connects to the electrode body element are displaced from each other at least in part with respect to the position in the extending direction of the electrode body element for extension.

  The melting tank includes, for example, an electrode body in which a plurality of electrode body elements for energizing and heating the molten glass are bundled, and an electrode body for addition in which electrode body elements for addition to be connected to each of the electrode body elements are bundled. Have. In this case, the electrode body is the first electrode, and the additional electrode body is the second electrode.

Similarly, another aspect of the present invention is a method for producing glass. The manufacturing method is
Introducing a glass raw material into a melting tank equipped with at least a pair of electrodes and melting the glass raw material;
And heating the molten glass produced by melting the glass raw material using the pair of electrodes.
The melting tank is configured by laminating a plurality of refractory bricks.
The pair of electrodes is held by a refractory brick around the electrode among the refractory bricks constituting the melting tank, and is supported by being placed on a supporting refractory brick layer provided below the electrodes. .
An extension electrode is placed on the supporting refractory brick so as to be connected to an end face of at least one of the pair of electrodes, and a central axis in the extending direction of the electrode and an extension of the extension electrode. The direction of the extension electrode is adjusted so that the central axis in the existing direction is parallel.

  In the manufacturing method of the glass of the said form, when manufacturing glass using the melting tank provided with the electrode, glass can be manufactured stably using a melting tank for a long period of time.

It is process drawing explaining the process of the manufacturing method of the glass of this embodiment. It is a figure which shows typically the apparatus which performs the melting process-cutting process shown in FIG. It is a figure explaining the melting tank which performs the melting process shown in FIG. (A) is a figure explaining arrangement | positioning of the electrode in a melting tank shown in FIG. 3, (b) is a figure explaining abrasion of an electrode. (A), (b) is a figure explaining the connection between the end surface of an electrode added and an electrode. It is a figure explaining the connector and load load mechanism which are used for this embodiment. It is a figure explaining the connector of the electrode body element for extension shown in FIG. (A)-(c) is a figure which shows the modification 1 of the addition of an electrode and an addition electrode. (A) is a figure explaining installation of the melting tank used for this embodiment, (b) is a figure explaining the position shift of the lateral direction of an electrode and an addition electrode. (A) is a figure explaining the evaluation method of the connection resistance performed in an Example, (b) is a figure which shows one state of the connection of an electrode body element and the electrode body element for extension. (A), (b) is a figure explaining the modification 2 of the addition of the electrode of this embodiment, and an addition electrode. (A), (b) is a figure explaining the modification 3 of the addition of the electrode of this embodiment, and an additional electrode.

(Overall overview of glass manufacturing method)
Hereinafter, the manufacturing method of the glass of this embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 1 is a process diagram illustrating the steps of the glass manufacturing method of the present embodiment.
The glass manufacturing method includes a melting step (ST1), a clarification step (ST2), a homogenization step (ST3), a supply step (ST4), a forming step (ST5), a slow cooling step (ST6), Cutting step (ST7). In addition, a plurality of glass plates that have a grinding process, a polishing process, a cleaning process, an inspection process, a packing process, and the like and are stacked in the packing process are conveyed to a supplier.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing an apparatus for performing the melting step (ST1) to the cutting step (ST7). As shown in FIG. 2, the apparatus mainly includes a melting apparatus 200, a forming apparatus 300, and a cutting apparatus 400. The melting apparatus 200 mainly includes a melting tank 201, a clarification tank 202, a stirring tank 203, a first pipe 204, and a second pipe 205.

In the melting step (ST1), the glass raw material supplied into the melting tank 201 is heated and melted with a flame generated from the burner 206 (see FIG. 3) to produce a molten glass MG. Thereafter, the molten glass MG is energized and heated using the electrode body 208 (see FIG. 3).
The clarification step (ST2) is performed in the clarification tank 202. When the molten glass MG in the clarification tank 202 is heated, bubbles such as O2 contained in the molten glass MG grow by absorbing oxygen generated by the reductive reaction of the clarifier and float on the liquid surface. Gas components such as oxygen released or bubbles in the bubbles are absorbed into the molten glass due to the oxidation reaction of the fining agent, and the bubbles disappear.
In the homogenizing step (ST3), the molten glass MG in the stirring vessel 203 supplied through the first pipe 204 is stirred using a stirrer, so that the glass components are homogenized.
In the supplying step (ST4), the molten glass MG is supplied to the molding apparatus 300 through the second pipe 205.

In the molding apparatus 300, a molding process (ST5) and a slow cooling process (ST6) are performed.
In the forming step (ST5), the molten glass MG is formed into a sheet glass, and a flow of the sheet glass is created. In the present embodiment, an overflow down draw method using a molded body 14 described later is used. In the slow cooling step (ST6), the sheet-like glass that is formed and flowed is cooled to have a desired thickness, so that internal distortion does not occur and the thermal shrinkage rate does not increase.
In the cutting step (ST7), the cutting device 400 cuts the sheet glass supplied from the forming device 300 into a predetermined length, whereby a plate-like glass plate is obtained. The cut glass plate is further cut into a predetermined size to produce a target size glass plate. After this, the end face of the glass plate is ground and polished, the glass plate is cleaned, and further, the presence of abnormal defects such as bubbles and striae is inspected. Will be packed as.

(Melting tank)
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a melting tank 201 that performs a melting step.
The melting tank 201 is configured by laminating a plurality of refractory members (refractory bricks).
One first electrode constituting at least a pair of electrodes of the three pairs of electrodes provided in the melting tank 201 is held by a refractory member (refractory brick) constituting the melting tank 201, and the pair of electrodes It is placed and supported on a refractory member (refractory brick) provided in the lower part of the frame. The first electrode is connected to a second electrode (additional electrode) supported by being placed on a refractory member (refractory brick) so as to be connected to the end face of the first electrode. The second electrode (addition electrode) is an electrode different from the pair of electrodes. When the molten glass is energized and heated in the melting tank 201, a load is applied from the rear end surface of the second electrode located on the opposite side to the end surface of the second electrode connected to the first electrode toward the first electrode, Electricity is supplied from the rear end face of the second electrode in a state where the gap between the end faces between the electrode and the second electrode is reduced. The state in which the gap between the end surfaces between the first electrode and the second electrode is reduced includes a state in which the gap is reduced in addition to the state in which the gap is completely eliminated. When there is no gap at all, for example, the gap is eliminated by adjusting the direction of the central axis of the electrode for extension.
In the present embodiment, as will be described later, each of the plurality of elongated electrode body elements 208a corresponds to the first electrode, and each of the plurality of elongated electrode body elements 209a Corresponds to two electrodes (additional electrodes). In addition, the electrode body 208 in which the electrode body elements 208a are bundled can be made to correspond to the first electrode, and the extension electrode body 209 in which the electrode body elements 209a for bundling are made to correspond to the second electrode (addition electrode). You can also. Hereinafter, the melting tank 201 will be described in detail. In addition, although this embodiment is a structure which uses the electrode body element for extension with respect to one electrode among a pair of electrodes, it can also be set as the structure which uses an electrode body element for extension for each of a pair of electrodes. it can. In addition, an electrode element for addition can be used for two pairs of three pairs of electrodes or three pairs of electrodes in the present embodiment. Further, the number of electrode pairs used in the melting tank 210 is not limited to three pairs, but may be one pair, two pairs, or four or more pairs.

The melting tank 201 has the wall 210 comprised with the refractory member which is a refractory brick. The melting tank 201 has an internal space surrounded by a wall 210. The internal space of the melting bath 201 is formed in a liquid bath B for containing the molten glass MG formed by melting the glass raw material thrown into the space while being heated, and an upper layer of the molten glass MG. And an upper space A which is a gas phase.
The wall 210 of the upper space A is provided with a burner 206 that emits a flame by burning combustion gas mixed with fuel and oxygen. The burner 206 heats the refractory member in the upper space A with a flame to raise the temperature of the wall 210. The glass raw material is melted by being heated by the radiant heat of the wall 210 that has become high temperature or by the gas phase atmosphere that has become high temperature.

Three pairs of electrode bodies 208 made of a heat-resistant conductive material such as tin oxide or molybdenum are provided on the walls 210 and 210 of the liquid bath B facing the melting bath 201. All of the three pairs of electrode bodies 208 extend toward the inner wall surface of the liquid tank B. Of each pair of the three pairs of electrode bodies 208, the electrode body on the back side in the figure is not shown. Each pair of the electrode bodies 208 of the three pairs of electrode bodies 208 is provided on the wall 210 so as to face each other through the molten glass MG. Each pair of electrode bodies 208 serves as a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and allows a current to flow through the molten glass MG between the electrodes. The molten glass MG generates Joule heat by this energization by itself.
G is heated. In the melting tank 201, the molten glass MG is heated to, for example, 1500 ° C. or higher. The heated molten glass MG is sent to the clarification tank 202 through a glass supply pipe.
In the present embodiment, three pairs of electrode bodies 208 are provided in the melting tank 201, but one pair, two pairs, or four or more pairs of electrode bodies may be provided.

FIG. 4A is a diagram for explaining the arrangement of the electrode bodies 208 in the melting tank 201. FIG. 4B is a diagram for explaining the wear of the electrode body 208. In FIG. 4 (a), illustration of connectors and the like provided on the electrode body is omitted.
The electrode body 208 is a composite body in which a plurality of elongated electrode body elements 208a are bundled so as to extend in one direction, and each electrode body element 208a serves as an electrode for energizing molten glass. In FIG. 4 (a), it is composed of a total of 12 electrode body elements 208a, with four rows in the vertical direction and three rows in the horizontal direction. The electrode body 208 as a composite body including the electrode body elements 208a is limited to be configured with a total of 12 electrode body elements 208a in four rows in the vertical direction and three rows in the horizontal direction as in this embodiment. The total number, the number of columns in the vertical direction and the number of columns in the horizontal direction are not particularly limited. For example, the electrode body 208 may be composed of one electrode body element 208a.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, the wall 210 of the melting tank 208 is configured by stacking refractory members that are refractory bricks. The wall 210 is provided with an electrode window 210a. An electrode body 208 is inserted into the electrode window 210a. That is, the electrode body 208 extends toward the inner wall surface of the liquid tank B, and the refractory member around the electrode body 208 constituting the wall 210 of the melting tank 208, specifically, the lower side of the electrode body 208 in the figure. It is held by refractory members on the top and side. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 4A, each bottom portion of the electrode body 208 is supported by one refractory member 211, that is, one refractory brick. The refractory member 211 is placed on multiple layers of refractory bricks. In this state, a current is supplied to the electrode body 208.

  Since the electrode body 208 is held by a refractory member constituting the wall 210 around the electrode body 208, when the electrode body 208 is worn by erosion of the molten glass MG, the electrode body 208 moves toward the molten glass MG. Thus, the electrode body 208 is movable so that the tip of the electrode body 208 is always in the same position in the liquid tank B. That is, when the electrode body 208 is worn by erosion of the molten glass MG, as shown in FIG. 4B, the electrode body 208 is moved toward the molten glass MG along the surface of the refractory member 211 as shown in FIG. Can move. Thus, the electrode body 208 can stably heat the molten glass MG by energization.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, the electrode body 208 is provided with an additional electrode body (hereinafter simply referred to as an additional electrode body) 209 extending toward the electrode body 208. Similarly to the electrode body 208, the additional electrode body 209 is a composite in which a plurality of elongated additional electrode body elements (hereinafter referred to as additional electrode body elements) 209a are bundled so as to extend in one direction. Each additional electrode body element 209a serves as an additional electrode used when the molten glass is energized. In the example shown in FIG. 4 (a), it is composed of a total of 12 additional electrode body elements 209a, 4 rows in the vertical direction and 3 rows in the horizontal direction. Similarly to the electrode body 208, the additional electrode body 209 of the present embodiment is not limited to being configured by four stages in the vertical direction and three rows in the horizontal direction, and a total of 12 additional electrode body elements 209a. The number of columns in the vertical direction and the number of columns in the horizontal direction are not particularly limited. However, the total number, the number of columns in the vertical direction, and the number of columns in the horizontal direction are preferably the same as the total number of electrode bodies 208, the number of columns in the vertical direction, and the number of columns in the horizontal direction. The additional electrode body 209 may be composed of one additional electrode body element 209a.

The orientation of the additional electrode body 209 is adjusted so that the end surface of the additional electrode body 209 is in electrical contact with the end surface of the electrode body 208 and is electrically connected to the electrode body 208. That is, the orientation of the additional electrode body element 209a is adjusted so that the end surface of the additional electrode body element 209a is in electrical contact with the end surface of the electrode body element 208a and is electrically connected to the electrode body element 208a. Thereby, the central axis in the extending direction of the electrode body 208 (electrode body element 208a) and the central axis in the extending direction of the additional electrode body 209 (extended electrode body element 209a) can be made parallel to each other. The direction can be made to be opposite to each other.
The surface contact means that the connection end surfaces are geometrically opposite to each other and the entire surfaces are in contact with each other without a gap. In this manner, the orientation of the additional electrode body element 209a is adjusted so that the central axis in the extending direction of the electrode body element 208a and the central axis in the extending direction of the additional electrode body element 209a are parallel to each other. The reason why 208a is added is that even if the electrode body 208 (electrode body element 208a) is worn by erosion of the molten glass MG, the electric heating of the molten glass MG is stabilized by using the additional electrode body 209 (addition electrode body element 209a). This is because the glass is manufactured stably for a long period of time.

As described above, the direction of the connecting end surfaces of the electrode body 208 and the additional electrode body 209 is opposite to each other (opposite), in other words, the center axis in the extending direction of the electrode body 208 and the additional electrode body The reason for adjusting the orientation of the additional electrode body 209 so that the central axis of the extending direction of 209 is parallel is as follows. That is, the additional electrode body 209 (additional electrode body element 209a) moves along the support surface of the refractory member 211 and is electrically connected to the electrode body 208 (electrode body element 208a). At this time, depending on the flatness of the surface of the refractory member 211, the end surface of the additional electrode body 209 (additional electrode body element 209a) and the end surface of the electrode body 208 (electrode body element 208a) may not come into surface contact.
Moreover, when the said refractory member forms the support surface of the electrode body 208 (electrode body element 208a) and the additional electrode body 209 (additional electrode body element 209a) with other refractory members, it is in the joint of refractory members. There may be a step, and the end surface of the additional electrode body 209 (additional electrode body element 209a) may not come into surface contact with the end surface of the electrode body 208 (electrode body element 208a). In addition, as shown in FIG. 4A, the refractory member 211 is placed on a layer of refractory members stacked in multiple stages, so the dimensions of the refractory members stacked in multiple stages and the refractory members The dimension of the seam between the electrodes is not sufficiently uniform, and the support surface of the refractory member 211 is a plane parallel to the holding surface of the refractory member 210 above the electrode body 208 that contacts the electrode body 208 and holds the electrode body 208. It becomes remarkable that it becomes difficult. For this reason, the end surfaces of the electrode body 208 (electrode body element 208a) and the additional electrode body 209 (extended electrode body element 209a) are not necessarily in surface contact with each other, a gap is formed between the connection end surfaces, and the connection resistance increases. easy.
In these cases, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), there is a gap between the connecting end faces, the surface does not come into contact, the connection resistance increases, and the molten glass MG cannot be stably heated. Further, the discharge is generated in a slight gap between the end faces, the end faces are damaged, the gap becomes larger and the connection resistance increases. For this reason, in this embodiment, when the end surfaces to be connected face each other in the opposite direction, the electrode body 209 (addition electrode body element) is added to the central axis in the extending direction of the electrode body 208 (electrode body element 208a). As shown in FIG. 5B, a load F for adjusting the orientation of the additional electrode body 209 (extended electrode body element 209a) is applied to the additional electrode so that the central axis of the extending direction of 209a) is parallel to the central axis. The body 209 (additional electrode body element 209a) is loaded. With this load F, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the connecting end faces are directed in opposite directions, that is, the extension axis body 209 and the center axis C1 in the extending direction of the electrode body 208 (electrode body element 208a) are added. The orientation of the additional electrode body 209 (extended electrode body element 209a) is adjusted so that the extension axis of the additional electrode body element 209a is parallel to the central axis C2 in the extending direction, and the connection end faces come into surface contact. Note that the connection end surfaces of the additional electrode body 209 (additional electrode body element 209a) and the electrode body 209 (additional electrode body element 209a) are planes perpendicular to the central axis C1 and the central axis C2.

  FIG. 6 is a view for explaining the load loading mechanism and the connector 212 for applying the load F in order to adjust the direction of the additional electrode body 209 (addition electrode body element 209a). FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the connector 212 of the additional electrode body element 209a.

The connector 212 includes a flat knitted copper wire 220, a channel 222, and a bolt 224.
The flat knitted copper wire 220 is fixed together with the channel 222 by nuts and bolts 224 (not shown) provided on the flat knitted copper wire. The flat knitted copper wire 220 is in contact with the additional electrode body element 209a. The flat knitted copper wire 220 is connected to a power source. Therefore, an electric current can be passed through the molten glass MG through the flat knitted copper wire 220, the additional electrode body element 209a, and the electrode body element 208a.

The load loading mechanism includes a pressing plate 226, a pressing shaft 228, and a spring 232.
A holding plate 226 is in contact with the side opposite to the additional electrode body element 209a of the channel 222, and is provided so as to add the channel 22 and press it toward the electrode body element 209a. A pressing shaft 228 is connected to the pressing plate 226 through a spring 232 on the back surface of the pressing plate 226. The holding plate 226 is supported by the surface of the refractory member 211. The pressing shaft 228 is connected to a pressure jack fixed to a base (not shown). Therefore, when a pressure jack (not shown) applies a load to the holding shaft 228, the holding shaft 228 presses the holding plate 226 via the spring 232. That is, the additional electrode body 209 (additional electrode body element 209a) has a load F for adjusting the direction of the additional electrode body 209 (additional electrode body element 209a) by the biasing force of the spring 232. The electrode body element 209a) is loaded. More specifically, by adding a load F from the end surface of the additional electrode body element 209a opposite to the end surface connected to the electrode body element 208a toward the end surface to be connected, more specifically, a spring (elastic member) By applying the load F using the urging force of 232, the orientation of the additional electrode body 209 (extended electrode body element 209a) is adjusted.
Therefore, after the additional electrode body 209 (extended electrode body element 209a) is added to the electrode body 208 (electrode body element 208a), the electrode body 208 (electrode body element 208a) and the additional electrode body 209 (extended electrode body element 209a). ) Is always loaded with the load F by the biasing force applied by the spring 232. As a result, when the connector 212 is pushed toward the additional electrode body 209, the flat knitted copper wire 220 is stably connected to the additional electrode body 209.
In the present embodiment, the spring 232 is used to give the biasing force, but an elastic member made of an elastic material including a rubber member can be used in addition to the spring 232.

In this embodiment, the electrode body 208 of any of the three pairs of electrode bodies 208 is added and the electrode body 209 is added, and the orientation of the added electrode body 209 is adjusted. May be added, and the orientation of the added electrode body 209 may be adjusted. In the present embodiment, the electrode body 208 can be rephrased as the electrode body element 208a, and the additional electrode body 209 can be rephrased as the additional electrode body element 209a.
Further, the connection end face of the electrode body 208 and the connection end face of the additional electrode body 209 may be electrically connected via a conductive paste. The connection resistance can be reliably reduced by connecting using the conductive paste.
In addition, since the electrode body 208 is in contact with the molten glass MG, the electrode body 208 receives pressure from the liquid tank B of the melting tank 201 toward the outside of the melting tank 208 by the pressure of the molten glass MG. For this reason, a load for resisting the pressure is additionally applied from the end surface opposite to the end surface of the electrode body 208 in contact with the molten glass MG to the end surface in contact with the molten glass MG. Note that the orientation of the additional electrode body 209 cannot be adjusted only by the above load for resisting the pressure of the molten glass MG. For this reason, the load for resisting the pressure is added to the load F for adjusting the direction of the additional electrode body 209.

As described above, the electrode body element 209a is electrically connected to each of the electrode body elements 208a through the end face, and is extended to the central axis in the extending direction of the electrode body element 208a. The direction of the additional electrode body element 209a is adjusted using a load mechanism so that the central axis of the direction is parallel to the direction. For this reason, since it is possible to stably energize the molten glass for a long period of time by suppressing an increase in connection resistance between the electrode body element 208a and the electrode body element 209a, the glass can be stably used in the melting tank. Can be manufactured.
Since the load F is applied from the end surface opposite to the connection end surface of the additional electrode body element 209a toward the connection end surface, the orientation of the additional electrode body element 209a can be adjusted efficiently.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, the surface of the refractory member 211 that supports the electrode body element 208a and the additional electrode body element 209a is a surface of one refractory member. For this reason, the micro step by the joint of the refractory member like the conventional one can be eliminated, and the displacement of the orientation of the additional electrode body element 209a as shown in FIG. 5A can be suppressed.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, the entire bottoms of the electrode body 208 and the additional electrode body 209 are supported in contact with a refractory member 211 that is a refractory brick. When the additional electrode body 209 is added to the electrode body 208, the additional electrode body 209 can be slid and moved on the surface of the refractory member 211, so that the additional electrode body 209 can be added as shown in FIG. A shift in the direction of the electrode body element 209a can be suppressed.

  Further, the orientation adjustment of the additional electrode body element 209a is performed using the biasing force of the spring 232 acting from the end surface opposite to the connection end surface of the additional electrode body element 209a toward the connection end surface. In addition to stably maintaining the electrical connection of the electrode body element 208a, a load can be stably applied. Compared to the case where a load is applied without using the spring 232, the additional electrode body element 209 a is more stable using the spring 232 even if the position of the connection end surface of the additional electrode body element 209 a varies due to an external environment such as vibration. And can receive a load.

(Modification 1)
FIGS. 8A to 8C are diagrams showing modifications of the addition of the electrode body 208 and the additional electrode body 209. FIG. FIGS. 8A to 8C are views of the electrode body 208 and the additional electrode body 209 as viewed from the upper side of FIG. 4A, and the three electrode body elements 208 a and the additional electrode body element 209 a are added. It is shown.
In the first modification example, the plurality of connection end faces where the additional electrode body element 209a is connected to the electrode body element 208a are displaced from each other at least partially with respect to the lengthwise position of the additional electrode body element 209a.
In the example shown in FIG. 8A, the middle extension electrode body element 209a is long, the extension electrode body elements 209a on both sides are short, and the positions of the connection end faces are different. In the example shown in FIG. 8B, the middle extension electrode body element 209a is short, the extension electrode body elements 209a on both sides are long, and the positions of the connection end faces are different. In the example shown in FIG. 8C, the right additional electrode body element 209a is the longest, the left additional electrode body element 209a is the shortest, and the positions of the connection end faces are different. As described above, the connecting end surfaces of the additional electrode body element 209a and the electrode body element 208a are displaced with respect to the length direction of the additional electrode body element 209a.

  This configuration is because the electrode body 208 and the electrode body 209 are displaced in the left-right direction in FIGS. 8A to 8C and the electrical connection between the connection end faces becomes unstable. This is to prevent it.

FIG. 9A is a diagram showing the appearance of the melting tank 201 and the setting of the melting tank 201 on the base 216. The melting tank 201 is fixed on the base 216. The base 216 is configured to fix the bottom portion of the end of the melting tank 201 on the glass raw material charging side and to thermally expand to the glass supply pipe connected to the clarification tank 202. For this reason, when the electrode body 208 (electrode body element 208a) and the additional electrode body 209 (additional electrode body element 209a) are connected before the heating of the melting tank 201, the melting tank 201 is heated to a high temperature after being heated. Is thermally expanded in the vertical and horizontal directions in the figure with respect to the point O. In particular, the melting tank 201 that is long in the left-right direction in the figure greatly expands in the left-right direction. At this time, since the electrode body 208 is inserted into the electrode window 201a (see FIG. 4A) of the melting layer 201 and is held by the wall 210 around the electrode body 208, the electrode body 208 is placed in the melting tank 201. It moves to the right in the figure following a slight deformation due to thermal expansion. On the other hand, the additional electrode body 209 is pushed and held by a load loading mechanism using a connector 212 and further a spring 232. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 9B, the connection end surface of the electrode body 208 and the additional electrode body 209 is easily displaced in the left-right direction due to deformation due to thermal expansion of the melting tank 201, and the electrical connection is unstable. become. For this reason, as shown in FIGS. 8A to 8C, by shifting the position of the connection end surface with respect to the length direction of the additional electrode body element 209a, the positional deviation in the left-right direction shown in FIG. Can be prevented.

(Modification 2)
In the above-described embodiment, the case where the gap between the electrode body element 208a and the additional electrode body element 209a is reduced by adjusting the direction of the additional electrode body element 209a has been described. However, the gap between the electrode body element 208a and the additional electrode body element 209a may be reduced without adjusting the orientation of the additional electrode body element 209a. In other words, even when a slight gap is generated between the electrode body element (first electrode) 208a and the additional electrode body element 209a, there is a case where power can be stably supplied. For example, when the contact area between the connection end surfaces of the electrode body element (first electrode) 208a and the additional electrode body element 209a is large, there is a slight gap between the electrode body element (first electrode) 208a and the additional electrode body element 209a. Even if this occurs, if the ratio of the contact area on the connection end surface is large, there is a case where power can be stably supplied. Therefore, as described below, the effect of this embodiment is also achieved when the gap between the connection end surfaces of the electrode body element (first electrode) 208a and the additional electrode body element 209a is reduced.
FIGS. 12A and 12B are diagrams illustrating a second modification. As shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B, the electrode body element (first electrode) 208a constituting one of the pair of electrodes is held by the refractory member 211 constituting the melting tank 201, and the electrode It is placed on and supported by a refractory member 211 provided in the lower part of the body element 208a. Further, the additional electrode body element (second electrode) 209a is also mounted on and supported by the supporting refractory member 211 provided at the lower portion of the additional electrode body element 209a. The electrode body element 208a and the additional electrode body element 209a are configured such that their end faces are connected to each other. When the molten glass MG is energized and heated in the melting tank 201, the rear end surface of the additional electrode body element 209a located on the side opposite to the end surface of the additional electrode body element 209a connected to the electrode body element 208a (FIGS. 11A and 11B). ) In the right end surface) The load F is applied from 209e toward the electrode body element 208a, and the gap between the end surfaces between the electrode body element 208a and the electrode body element 209a is reduced (the gap is reduced). In this state, electricity is supplied from the rear end face of the additional electrode body element 209a.
At this time, as shown in FIG. 11 (b), the orientation of the additional electrode body element 209a is not necessarily adjusted as shown in FIG. 5 (b), and the electrode body element 208a and the additional electrode body element 209a The gap between them may only be reduced.

Modification 2 will be described in more detail.
As shown in FIG. 11A, the additional electrode body element 209a is placed on and supported on the refractory member 211 such that the end face thereof is connected to the end face of the electrode body element 208a. Further, since the refractory member 211 is deformed by thermal expansion and the support surface is inclined, a gap is generated between the additional electrode body element 209a and the electrode body element 208a. In order to reduce this gap, as shown in FIG. 11 (b), from the rear end surface 209e opposite to the end surface of the additional electrode body element 209a connected to the electrode body element 208a, to the end surface connected to the electrode body element 208a. A load F is applied. Thereby, the clearance gap between the end surfaces which connect the electrode body element 208a and the electrode body element 209a can be reduced. In this way, by applying the load F, the gap between the end surfaces between the additional electrode body element 209a and the electrode body element 208a can be reduced even if the orientation of the additional electrode body element 209a is not adjusted. Can do. In addition, when the load F is applied, the molten glass can be stably energized for a long period of time by being energized from the rear end surface 209e of the additional electrode body element 209a connected to the electrode body element 208a. At this time, the gap between the additional electrode body element 209a and the electrode body element 208a is narrowed, and the connecting end surfaces are strongly pressed and come into contact with each other. For this reason, the connection resistance in the connection between end faces is reduced. That is, since it is possible to stably energize the molten glass for a long period of time by suppressing an increase in the connection resistance between the electrode body element 208a and the electrode body element 209a, the glass can be stably added using the melting tank 201. Can be manufactured.

  In the present embodiment, a plurality of elongated electrode body elements 208a and additional electrode body elements 209a are combined into a composite that extends in one direction, that is, in a state where the electrode body 208 and the additional electrode body 209 are formed. It is more effective to reduce the gap between the connection end surfaces of the electrode body 208 and the additional electrode body 209 and to supply power. In this case, a slight gap may be allowed between each electrode body element 208a and the additional electrode body element 209a. Even if a slight gap is generated between each electrode body element 208a and the additional electrode body element 209a, when viewed as a composite electrode body element 208 and additional electrode body element 209, they are in surface contact at the connection end surface. Since the area is large, power can be stably supplied. Therefore, according to the present invention, a plurality of elongated electrode body elements 208a and additional electrode body elements 209a are combined to extend in one direction. In this state, it is more effective to reduce the gap and supply power.

(Modification 3)
FIGS. 12A and 12B are diagrams for explaining a third modification of the addition of the electrode body element 208a and the additional electrode body element 209a. Modification 3 can be selectively used when performing the above-described embodiment or the methods of Modifications 1 and 2. In the modified example 3, the end surfaces where the electrode body element 208a and the additional electrode body element 209a are connected to each other are provided with recesses 208b and 209b facing each other. By providing the bar-shaped tin oxide material 260 in the recesses 208b and 209b, the displacement of the end face to be connected is prevented. Since the tin oxide material 260 is provided in one space formed by the recesses 208b and 209b, the displacement in the left-right direction between the connecting end faces as shown in FIG. 9B is prevented. Accordingly, the molten glass can be stably energized for a long period of time by suppressing an increase in connection resistance due to positional displacement between the electrode body element 208a and the additional electrode body element 209a. Glass can be manufactured.

  In addition, in this embodiment and the modifications 1-3, in order to confirm that the electrode body 208 bundled with the electrode body elements 208a by the load F does not advance toward the inside of the melting tank 201, the electrodes are periodically formed. The position of the additional electrode body 209 in which the body 208 or the additional electrode body element 209a is bundled may be measured. For example, by periodically measuring the position of the rear end surface of the additional electrode body 209 with respect to the reference position, it can be confirmed that the electrode body 208 has not advanced toward the inside of the melting tank 201. . Moreover, you may confirm separately that each electrode body element 208a has not advanced toward the inside of the melting tank 201. FIG.

  In the present embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 6, the example using the spring 232 has been described, but the spring 232 may not be used. In the case where the spring 232 is not used, the pressing plate 226 may be used as an elastic member by using the elasticity of the pressing plate 226. In the case where the spring 232 is not used, the elasticity of the pressing shaft 228 may be used and the pressing shaft 228 may be used as an elastic member.

[Example]
In order to investigate the effect of this embodiment, when the end surfaces of the electrode body element 208a and the end surfaces of the electrode body element 209a are brought into contact with each other and electrically connected, how the connection resistance is increased by the load F and by the gap between the end surfaces. We investigated whether it changed to. The electrode body element 208a and the additional electrode body element 209a were made of tin oxide.

FIG. 10A is a diagram illustrating a connection resistance evaluation method performed in the example. FIG. 10B is a diagram showing one state of connection between the electrode body element 208a and the additional electrode body element 209a.
As shown in FIG. 10A, the electrode body element 208a and the additional electrode body element 209a are mounted on the insulator substrate 250, and the end surface 254 of the electrode body element 208a and the end surface 256 of the additional electrode body element 209a are connected. A flat knitted copper wire 252 is provided on both end surfaces of the electrode body element 208a and the electrode body element 208a, and a flat knitted copper wire is passed by passing an electric current (about 20 A) between the flat knitted copper wires 252 under various conditions. The electrical resistance between 252 was measured. At that time, as conditions 1 and 2, the load F applied to the electrode body element 209a was changed to 20 kg weight and 10 kg weight. Further, as conditions 3 to 5, by tilting the direction of the additional electrode body element 209a with respect to the direction of the electrode body element 208a, a gap D as shown in FIG. None), 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm. At that time, a load F = 20 kg weight was applied.
The table below shows the results. In addition, the presence or absence of discharge was judged by observation when current was passed and observation of corrosion of the connection end face.

As is clear from Conditions 1 and 2, it can be seen that resistance is reduced by applying a load of 20 kg. This is because when the load of 20 kg is applied, the center axis of the electrode body element 208a and the center axis of the electrode body element 209a are parallel to each other (the end faces 254 and 256 face each other in the opposite direction to face each other). Thus, it can be said that the connection resistance between the end faces 254 and 256 has been reduced by adjusting the direction of the additional electrode body element 209a. Actually, under condition 2, since discharge occurred between the end faces 254 and 256, it can be said that a slight gap exists between the end faces 254 and 256 and discharge occurred. On the other hand, in the conditions 4 and 5 in which the gap D exists, it can be said that the increase in resistance depends on the increase in connection resistance due to the gap D because the resistance has increased. Further, it was also found that discharge occurs between the end faces 254 and 256 due to the existence of the gap D as in the conditions 4 and 5.
From the above, it is effective to load the load F so that there is no gap D between the end faces 254, 256 in terms of connecting the electrodes and reducing the connection resistance between the electrodes and stably energizing the electrodes. I understand that.

  As mentioned above, although the manufacturing method of the glass of this invention was demonstrated in detail, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, Of course, in the range which does not deviate from the main point of this invention, you may make various improvement and a change. It is.

200 Melting apparatus 201 Melting tank 202 Clarification tank 203 Agitation tank 204 First pipe 205 Second pipe 206 Burner 208 Electrode body 208a Electrode body element 208b, 209b Recess 209 Additional electrode body 209a Additional electrode body element 209e Rear end face 210 Wall 210a Electrode window 211 Refractory member 212 Connector 220, 252 Flat braided copper wire 222 Channel 224 Bolt 226 Press plate 228 Press shaft 232 Spring 250 Insulator substrate 254, 256 End face 260 Tin oxide material 300 Molding device 400 Cutting device

Claims (5)

Introducing a glass raw material into a melting tank equipped with at least a pair of electrodes and melting the glass raw material;
A step of energizing and heating molten glass produced by melting the glass raw material using the pair of electrodes,
The melting tank is configured by laminating a plurality of refractory bricks,
The pair of electrodes is made of tin oxide , and at least one first electrode of the pair of electrodes is held by the refractory bricks around the pair of electrodes among the refractory bricks constituting the melting tank and the is supported mounted on a refractory brick, the end face of the first electrode, the is connected to the end face of the separate second electrodes and the pair of electrodes supported by resting on refractory bricks, the second electrode Consists of tin oxide,
Wherein in the step of electrically heating, by a load toward the first electrode from the rear end face of the second electrode located on the opposite side of the end surface of the second electrode connected to the first electrode, the first The end face of the second electrode is energized from the rear end face of the second electrode in a state where the end face of the electrode and the end face of the second electrode are in surface contact and the gap between the end faces of the first electrode and the second electrode is reduced. A method for producing glass, characterized in that.   The method for producing glass according to claim 1, wherein the load is applied from a rear end surface of the second electrode via an elastic member.   The end surfaces where the first electrode and the second electrode are connected to each other have concave portions facing each other, and a rod-shaped tin oxide material is provided in the concave portion, thereby preventing displacement of the connecting end surfaces. Item 3. A method for producing glass according to Item 1 or 2. The melting tank comprises: an electrode body in which a plurality of electrode body elements for energizing and heating the molten glass are bundled; and an additional electrode body in which an electrode body element for connection connected to each of the electrode body elements is bundled. Have
Each of the electrode body elements is the first electrode, and each of the additional electrode body elements is the second electrode,
The plurality of connection end faces connecting the electrode body element to the electrode body element are displaced from each other at least in part with respect to the position of the electrode body element in the extending direction. The manufacturing method of the glass of any one of these. The melting tank comprises: an electrode body in which a plurality of electrode body elements for energizing and heating the molten glass are bundled; and an additional electrode body in which an electrode body element for connection connected to each of the electrode body elements is bundled. Have
The method for producing glass according to claim 1, wherein the electrode body is the first electrode, and the electrode body for addition is the second electrode.