JP5993579B2 - Sediment pressure pump, shield machine, and shield method for construction work - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a sediment pump for construction work, a shield machine including the sediment pump, and a shield method using the shield machine.

  In construction work such as shield work for constructing a tunnel by a shield construction method, excavated earth and sand are pumped with a pump such as a rotary pump (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2). In the shield work by the earth pressure type shield method described in Patent Document 1, earth and sand excavated by a shield machine and taken into the chamber through a screw conveyor is transferred to the rotary pump by a rotary displacement type rotary pump connected to the screw conveyor. It is pumped to the back of the shield machine through the connected pipe.

  Further, in the rotary pump described in Patent Document 2, the rotor is eccentrically attached to the circular casing, the plate-like blades can advance and retreat in the radial direction of the rotor, and both ends are inner peripheral surfaces of the casing. The casing is provided so as to divide the casing into a plurality of chambers. In this rotary pump, since the suction of the earth and sand into the casing and the discharge of the earth and sand from the casing can be performed in parallel, the earth and sand can be efficiently pumped.

JP 2000-96988 A JP 2007-332835 A

  In the rotary pump described in Patent Document 2, the tip of a plate-like blade (movable blade) is abutted at right angles to the inner peripheral surface of the casing, but in order to rotate the rotor in that state, A gap is formed between the tip of the blade and the inner peripheral surface of the casing, and the water stoppage is lowered. Therefore, when using this rotary pump to carry out earth pressure type shield construction in high water pressure ground such as at a deep depth or where the pore water pressure is locally high, the tip of the blade and the inner peripheral surface of the casing It is difficult to prevent leakage of groundwater from between. In addition, there was no rotary pump that could be used in the earth pressure type shield method on the ground with high water pressure, so the muddy water type shield method was used instead of the earth pressure type shield method in shield work on the high water pressure ground. Inevitably, the cost increased.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said situation, and makes it a subject to raise the pressure | voltage resistance of a pump by raising the water stop property between the front-end | tip of a movable type blade | wing and the internal peripheral surface of a casing. It is.

In order to solve the above problems, a sediment pump for construction work according to the present invention is a pump for pumping earth and sand used in construction work, a casing having a circular pump chamber, A rotor having a rotational shaft eccentric to the discharge side with respect to the central axis, and a swingable attachment to the rotor, and extending from the rotor to the outer diameter side of the pump chamber in an inclined direction in the rotational direction of the rotor. A plurality of blades configured such that the tip of the rotor contacts the peripheral wall of the pump chamber when the rotor is swung in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the rotor, and the tip of the blade follows a trajectory along the peripheral wall of the pump chamber as such, and a guide for guiding the movement of said blade, said guide that have a cam mechanism for rocking the blade in response to rotation of said rotor.

  In the earth and sand pump for construction work, the blades may be curved so as to bend toward the rotation direction of the rotor as it goes to the outer diameter side of the pump chamber.

Further, in the earth and sand pump for construction work, the cam mechanism includes a guide roller rail fixed to the pump chamber and a cam roller in contact with an outer periphery of the guide roller rail. An outer peripheral portion is provided in parallel with the rotation axis of the rotor and is supported by a shaft fixed to the cam roller so as to be eccentric from the rotation center of the cam roller. You may have the one-way clutch which blocks the swinging to which it directed .

  Moreover, the shield machine which concerns on this invention is equipped with the earth-and-sand pumping pump for the said construction works, and discharges excavated earth and sand with this earth-and-sand pumping pump.

  Moreover, the shield construction method according to the present invention excavates a tunnel using the shield machine.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the pressure | voltage resistance of a pump can be improved by raising the water stop between the front-end | tip of a movable type | mold blade | wing and the internal peripheral surface of a casing.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the earth pressure type shield machine provided with the rotary pump for earth and sand pressure feeding which concerns on one Embodiment. It is 2-2 arrow line view of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the rotary pump which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a perspective sectional view showing the rotary pump concerning one embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the internal structure of the rotary pump which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the internal structure of the rotary pump which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the effect | action of the rotary pump which concerns on one Embodiment. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the guide mechanism with which the rotary pump which concerns on other embodiment is provided. It is a schematic plan view which shows the effect | action of a guide mechanism.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an earth pressure type (mud pressure type) shield machine 100 including a rotary pump 10 for earth and sand pressure feeding according to an embodiment. Moreover, FIG. 2 is a 2-2 arrow line view of FIG. As shown in these drawings, the shield machine 100 has a cylindrical front body portion 120 having a cutter head 110 at the head portion in the digging direction and a rear portion of the front body portion 120 via a bent jack (not shown). And a cylindrical rear trunk portion 130 connected thereto.

  The front body 120 is provided with a partition wall 124 disposed behind the cutter head 110, and a chamber 122 is provided between the partition wall 124 and the cutter head 110. The cutter head 110 includes cutter spokes 112 arranged in a cross shape and a number of cutter bits 114 provided on the front surface of the cutter spokes 112. Further, a stirring bar 116 is provided on each of the rear surface of the cutter spoke 112 and the front surface of the partition wall 124. Further, the cutter spoke 112 is provided with an additive supply port 118 for supplying an additive near the face. The additive supply port 118 is connected to an additive unit (not shown).

  In the front trunk portion 120 configured as described above, when the cutter head 110 rotates, the face is excavated by the cutter bit 114 and excavated earth and sand are taken into the chamber 122. Then, the excavated earth and sand taken into the chamber 122 is stirred and mixed by the stirring rod 116.

  A screw conveyor 134 extends from the front body 120 to the rear body 130. The front end of the screw conveyor 134 is attached to the opening of the partition wall 124, and the tip of the screw 135 of the screw conveyor 134 is inserted into the chamber 122. The screw conveyor 134 rotates the screw 135 and conveys earth and sand from the chamber 122 to the rear trunk portion 130.

  A pipe 138 is connected to a discharge port at the rear end of the screw conveyor 134 via a crusher 136 and a rotary pump 10. It is pumped to the rear in the shield machine through the pipe 138.

  3 is a perspective view showing the rotary pump 10, FIG. 4 is a perspective sectional view showing the rotary pump 10, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are perspective views showing an internal structure of the rotary pump 10. As shown in these drawings, the rotary pump 10 includes a casing 20 having a circular pump chamber 21, a rotor 30 disposed in the pump chamber 21, and a plurality of (this embodiment) attached to the rotor 30 in a swingable manner. The embodiment includes three blades 40 and a drive mechanism 50 that rotates the rotor 30.

  The casing 20 includes a case 22 having an annular peripheral wall 22A that surrounds the pump chamber 21 and having both sides opened in the axial direction, and lids 24 and 26 that seal both sides of the case 22 in the axial direction. A suction port 22B connected to the crusher 136 is provided on the upper portion of the case 22 so as to protrude upward, and a discharge port 22C connected to the pipe 138 is located laterally (tangential direction) on the side of the case 22. It is provided so as to protrude. The lids 24 and 26 are configured by combining a plurality of members, and are respectively provided with a bearing 27, oil seals 28 and 29, and the like.

  The rotor 30 includes a shaft portion 31, a cylindrical body portion 32 that is coaxially arranged and integrated with the shaft portion 31, and disk-shaped flanges 33 that are coupled to both ends of the body portion 32 in the axial direction. Yes. The shaft portion 31 is arranged parallel to and eccentric from the central axis of the case 22 (see FIG. 7), and is rotatably supported by the lids 24 and 26 by a bearing 27. Here, the shaft center of the shaft portion 31, that is, the rotation shaft of the rotor 30 is eccentrically arranged on the discharge port 22 </ b> C side (that is, on the opposite side of the suction port 22 </ b> B) with respect to the center axis of the case 22. Thereby, the volume of the pump chamber 21 is larger on the suction port 22B side than on the discharge port 22C side.

  The outer peripheral portion of the flange 33 protrudes from the trunk portion 32 toward the outer peripheral side, and the shaft 42 of the blade 40 is attached to the outer peripheral portion of the flange 33 in parallel with the rotational axis of the rotor 30. The flange 33 is disposed so as to contact the lids 24 and 26 of the casing 20, and the lids 24 and 26 are provided with an oil seal 28 facing the outer peripheral portion of the flange 33. The lids 24 and 26 are formed with holes through which the shaft portions 31 are inserted, and oil seals 29 are provided on the hole walls. Thereby, the sealing property between the lid | covers 24 and 26, the axial part 31, and the trunk | drum 32 is ensured.

  The plurality of blades 40 are arranged at predetermined intervals (120 ° intervals in the present embodiment) around the rotation axis of the rotor 30, and each blade 40 extends from the outer periphery of the rotor 30 to the outer diameter side of the pump chamber 21. It extends. A shaft 42 attached to the outer periphery of the rotor 30 is rotatably attached to the base end portion of each blade 40, and each blade 40 can swing around an axis parallel to the rotation axis of the rotor 30. Further, the outer periphery of the rotor 30 is supported. Each blade 40 is inclined in the rotation direction of the rotor 30 (counterclockwise direction in FIGS. 5 and 6) from the outer peripheral portion of the rotor 30 toward the outer diameter side of the pump chamber 21. The distance from the swing axis to the tip of each blade 40 is set to be longer than the distance from the swing shaft to the peripheral wall 22A of the pump chamber 21, and each blade 40 is in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the rotor 30. The tip is configured to abut against the peripheral wall 22 </ b> A of the pump chamber 21 when swinging in the clockwise direction of FIGS. 5 and 6 (hereinafter, referred to as the counter-rotating direction).

  Each blade 40 is curved so as to bend toward the outer diameter side of the pump chamber 21 toward the rotation direction of the rotor 30 (to swell toward the opposite side of the rotation direction of the rotor 30 toward the base end side). . Thereby, the angle between the tip of each blade 40 and the peripheral wall 22A of the pump chamber 21 becomes small, and the contact state between the tip of each blade 40 and the peripheral wall 22A of the pump chamber 21 becomes close to surface contact.

  Further, a carbide tip is integrated at the tip of each blade 40, and the peripheral wall 22A of the pump chamber 21 with which the carbide tip contacts is covered with a rubber or urethane liner. Wear is suppressed.

  The drive mechanism 50 includes a motor 52, a speed reducer 54 connected to the output shaft of the motor 52, and a coupling 56 that connects the output shaft of the speed reducer 54 and the shaft portion 31 of the rotor 30. In this drive mechanism 50, the power of the motor 52 is output with the rotational speed reduced by the speed reducer 54. Thereby, the shaft part 31 connected by the coupling 56 is rotated, and the rotor 30 is rotated.

  FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the operation of the rotary pump 10 according to the present embodiment. As shown in this figure, in the rotary pump 10, the rotor 30 is rotated in the counterclockwise direction in the figure to feed the earth and sand in the pump chamber 21 to a pipe 138 connected to the discharge port 22C. At this time, the volume of the pump chamber 21 is larger on the suction port 22B side than the discharge port 22C side, and the internal pressure of the pump chamber 21 is lower on the suction port 22B side than the discharge port 22C side. Compressive force is generated on the side of the 21 outlet 22C. Thereby, earth and sand are taken into the pump chamber 21 from the suction port 22B, and the taken earth and sand are pumped to the pipe 138 from the discharge port 22C.

  Here, the plurality of blades 40 can swing on the outer peripheral portion of the rotor 30 around a swing shaft parallel to the rotation shaft of the rotor 30 and toward the outer diameter side of the pump chamber 21. Since the blades 40 are supported in an inclined state in the rotation direction, when the rotor 30 rotates, the blades 40 are swung in the counter-rotation direction of the rotor 30 by the pressure and centrifugal force of the earth and sand, and the front ends thereof are peripheral walls of the pump chamber 21. It is made to contact 22A. That is, while the rotor 30 is rotating, the tip of each blade 40 is maintained in a state of being pressed against the peripheral wall 22A by the pressure of the earth and sand acting on each blade 40 and centrifugal force. Thereby, the water stop between the tip of each blade 40 and the peripheral wall 22A can be maintained in a high state, and the rotary pump 10 having excellent pressure resistance can be obtained.

  As a result, the rotary pump 10 according to the present embodiment is used to carry out earth pressure type shield construction in a high water pressure ground such as a place where the depth and pore water pressure are locally high. Even when water pressure is applied, leakage of groundwater from between the tip of the blade 40 and the peripheral wall 22A of the pump chamber 21 can be prevented. Therefore, by using the rotary pump 10 according to the present embodiment, it becomes possible to carry out the earth pressure type shield construction method on the ground of high water pressure, and it is necessary to separate the muddy water from the earth and sand, etc. The shield construction method can be eliminated and the construction cost can be reduced.

  In particular, in the rotary pump 10 according to the present embodiment, each blade 40 is curved so as to bend toward the rotation direction of the rotor 30 toward the outer diameter side of the pump chamber 21. And the peripheral wall 22A of the pump chamber 21 becomes smaller, and the contact state between the tip of each blade 40 and the peripheral wall 22A of the pump chamber 21 is close to surface contact. The water stoppage between the peripheral wall 22A can be improved, and the pressure resistance of the rotary pump 10 can be improved.

  FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view showing a guide mechanism 60 provided in a rotary pump according to another embodiment. As shown in this figure, the guide mechanism 60 is supported on the outer peripheral portion of the rotor 30 so as to be rotatable in parallel with the rotation axis of the rotor 30 and supports the blade 40 so as to be swingable. A plurality of one-way clutches 64 provided at the end portions through which the shafts 62 are inserted and guide rollers 66 fixed to the tip ends of the shafts 62 are provided. The guide mechanism 60 further includes a guide roller rail 68 that is a circular plate disposed on the inner peripheral side of the plurality of guide rollers 66.

  The one-way clutch 64 allows the rotor 30 to swing in the counter-rotating direction with respect to the shaft 62 of the blade 40, but prevents the rotor 30 from swinging in the rotational direction with respect to the shaft 62 of the blade 40. In other words, the blade 40 can swing independently of the shaft 62 in the counter-rotating direction of the rotor 30, but cannot swing in the rotational direction of the rotor 30 unless it is integral with the shaft 62.

  The guide roller 66 and the guide roller rail 68 are arranged outside the pump chamber 21. The guide roller 66 is a cam roller that is eccentrically arranged on the outer peripheral side with respect to the axis O of the shaft 62 and on the tip side of the blade 40, and is arranged so as to be in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the guide roller rail 68.

  FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view showing the operation of the guide mechanism 60. As shown in this figure, the guide roller 66 eccentric to the outer peripheral side and the tip end side of the blade 40 with respect to the swing axis O of the blade 40 abuts against the guide roller rail 68, thereby rotating the rotor 30 of the blade 40. Swing is limited. Here, the radius R of the guide roller rail 68 is set to be different depending on the position in the circumferential direction, and is set so as to increase as the distance between the outer peripheral portion of the rotor 30 and the peripheral wall 22A of the pump chamber 21 increases. Yes. For this reason, the tip of the blade 40 moves to the outer peripheral side of the pump chamber 21 as the blade 40 approaches the suction port 22B side. The radius R of the guide roller rail 68 is set so as to follow a trajectory in which the tip of the blade 40 moves in contact with the peripheral wall 22A of the pump chamber 21.

  As a result, even if the pressure of the earth and sand does not act on the blades 40 after the blades 40 pass through the discharge ports 22C and reach the suction ports 22B, the tips of the blades 40 become the peripheral walls 22A of the pump chamber 21 The abutted state can be maintained, and the water stoppage between the tip of the blade 40 and the peripheral wall 22A of the pump chamber 21 can be reliably ensured.

  In addition, the above-mentioned embodiment is for making an understanding of this invention easy, and does not limit this invention. It goes without saying that the present invention can be changed and improved without departing from the gist thereof, and that the present invention includes equivalents thereof. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the present invention has been described by taking an earth pressure type shield machine including a rotary pump as an example. However, the rotary pump according to the present invention is a pump used for pumping earth and sand in other construction works. It can also be applied to. Moreover, in the above-mentioned embodiment, although the blade | wing was curved, you may comprise flatly not essential.

10 rotary pump, 20 casing, 21 pump chamber, 22 case, 22A peripheral wall, 22B suction port, 22C discharge port, 24, 26 lid, 27 bearing, 28, 29 oil seal, 30 rotor, 31 shaft, 32 trunk, 33 Flange, 40 blades, 42 shafts, 50 drive mechanism, 52 motor, 54 speed reducer, 56 coupling, 60 guide mechanism, 62 shafts, 64 one-way clutch, 66 guide roller, 68 guide roller rail, 100 shield machine, 110 cutter Head, 112 Cutter spoke, 114 Cutter bit, 116 Stirring bar, 118 Additive supply port, 120 Front barrel, 122 Chamber, 124 Bulkhead, 130 Rear barrel, 132 Folded jack, 134 Screw conveyor, 135 Screw, 13 6 Crusher, 138 piping

Claims (5)

A pump that is used in construction work and pumps earth and sand,
A casing having a circular pump chamber;
A rotor provided with a rotational axis eccentric to the discharge side with respect to the central axis in the pump chamber;
It is attached to the rotor so as to be able to swing, extends from the rotor to the outer diameter side of the pump chamber in an inclined direction in the rotation direction of the rotor, and swings to the opposite side of the rotation direction of the rotor, the tip of the pump chamber A plurality of blades configured to abut against the peripheral wall;
A guide for guiding the movement of the blade such that the tip of the blade follows a trajectory along the peripheral wall of the pump chamber;
Equipped with a,
The guide is sand pressure pump for construction that have a cam mechanism for rocking the blade in response to rotation of said rotor.   The earth and sand pump for construction work according to claim 1, wherein the blade is curved so as to bend toward the rotation direction of the rotor as it goes to the outer diameter side of the pump chamber. The cam mechanism has a guide roller rail and a cam roller that abuts on the outer peripheral surface thereof,
The blade is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the rotor in parallel with the rotation axis of the rotor and is supported so as to be swingable by a shaft that is eccentric from the rotation center of the cam roller and is fixed to the cam roller.
The earth and sand pump for construction works according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a one-way clutch that prevents the blades from swinging in the rotation direction of the rotor .   A shield machine comprising the earth and sand pumping pump for construction work according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the earth and sand pumping pump discharges excavated earth and sand.   A shield method for excavating a tunnel using the shield machine according to claim 4.

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