JP5989470B2 - Torque fluctuation absorbing damper - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a torque fluctuation absorbing damper attached to a rotating shaft such as a crankshaft of an automobile engine, for example.

  The pulley attached to the end of the crankshaft of the automobile engine has a function of preventing the occurrence of problems due to torque fluctuations that occur in the crankshaft as the engine is driven, that is, a torque fluctuation absorbing damper is configured. .

  Conventionally, this type of torque fluctuation absorbing damper includes a hub that rotates together with a crankshaft, a pulley that is disposed on the outer periphery of the hub and on which a belt is wound, and a rubber-like elastic material (rubber material) that connects the hub and the pulley. Or a synthetic elastic material having rubber-like elasticity).

  That is, the conventional torque fluctuation absorbing damper transmits the driving torque input from the crankshaft to the hub to the pulley while absorbing repetitive rotational fluctuations (transmission torque fluctuations) by the circumferential shear deformation of the elastic body. (For example, refer to the following patent document).

Japanese Patent No. 3155280

  However, in the conventional torque fluctuation absorbing damper, a vibration system having a low resonance point (resonance frequency) is constituted by a pulley and a low-spring first elastic body elastically connected to the outer periphery of the hub. Therefore, when the rotation fluctuation of the crankshaft passes through the resonance point in the process of starting or stopping the internal combustion engine, the pulley vibrates greatly in the torsional direction (circumferential direction), and the pulley and the belt wound around the pulley The problem that slip occurs during this period is pointed out. Further, when a sudden torque fluctuation occurs in the normal rotation range, a similar belt slip may occur.

  The occurrence of the belt slip as described above may cause an abnormal noise called “belt squeal”, and the durability of the belt may be reduced due to wear of the belt, which may impede traveling.

  Also, the torque fluctuation absorbability in the normal rotation range can be improved by lowering the torsional spring constant of the elastic body. In this case, however, the durability of the elastic body is reduced, so that it easily breaks. There's a problem.

  Furthermore, belt slip is caused by misalignment between the pulley and the belt. Such misalignment is a continuous process in which the rib of the belt is bitten into the V-groove of the pulley diagonally due to the relative inclination of the shaft centers of the pulley of the torque fluctuation absorbing damper and the auxiliary machine. Stick-slip by rubbing against each other.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and its technical problem is to effectively prevent the occurrence of belt slip in a torque fluctuation absorbing damper that transmits torque while absorbing rotational fluctuation. There is.

As a means for effectively solving the technical problem described above, a torque fluctuation absorbing damper according to the invention of claim 1 includes a hub side rotating body that is attached to a rotating shaft and rotates integrally with the rotating shaft, Concentrically arranged on the outer peripheral side and capable of being relatively displaced in the circumferential direction with respect to the hub side rotating body, and a mountain provided on one of the outer peripheral surface of the hub side rotating body and the inner peripheral surface on the pulley side. A wave-shaped sleeve in which a portion and a trough are alternately formed in the circumferential direction, and a circumference provided at the same pitch as that of the peak portion on either the outer peripheral surface of the hub side rotating body or the inner peripheral surface on the pulley side A direction stopper, and a rolling element interposed between a valley portion in the wave-shaped sleeve and an outer peripheral surface of the hub-side rotating body and an inner peripheral surface of the pulley side , the rolling element, When the transmission torque rises above a predetermined level It is characterized in that the crests of the corrugated sleeve in the circumferential direction stopper and abutment can be overcome while elastically deforming.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a torque fluctuation absorbing damper according to the first aspect, wherein the hub-side rotating body includes a hub attached to the rotating shaft, and an annular mass disposed concentrically with the hub. And an elastic body that elastically connects the hub and the annular mass body.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the torque fluctuation absorbing damper according to the first or second aspect, wherein the hub side rotating body or the pulley is provided with a plate for restricting an axial relative displacement between the hub side rotating body and the pulley. It is provided.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the torque fluctuation absorbing damper according to any one of the first to third aspects, the rolling elements are disposed in every other trough portion of the wave sleeve.

  According to the torque fluctuation absorbing damper of the present invention, the circumferential displacement of the hub side rotating body and the pulley is allowed by the rolling of the rolling element. The rolling element that rolls due to the compression of the crest of the wave-like sleeve transmits the torque in the forward rotation direction from the hub side rotating body to the pulley by the reaction force, and the fluctuation of the transmitted torque is changed between the hub side rotating body and the pulley. The rotation of the pulley is smoothed by being absorbed by the repetitive circumferential relative displacement. In addition, when an excessive torque fluctuation is input, the rolling element that rolls over this compresses the peak portion of the wave-like sleeve, and allows a large circumferential relative displacement between the hub side rotating body and the pulley. Slip of the belt wound around the outer periphery of the pulley is prevented.

It is sectional drawing which cut | disconnects and shows preferable 1st embodiment of the torque fluctuation absorption damper which concerns on this invention by the plane which passes along an axial center. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a first preferred embodiment of a torque fluctuation absorbing damper according to the present invention by cutting along a plane orthogonal to an axis. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the wavy sleeve in 1st embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows operation | movement of 1st embodiment. It is a diagram which shows the relationship of the circumferential direction position and torque of a rolling element with respect to the wavy sleeve in 1st embodiment. It is sectional drawing which cut | disconnects and shows preferable 2nd embodiment of the torque fluctuation absorption damper which concerns on this invention by the plane which passes along an axial center. It is sectional drawing which cut | disconnects and shows preferable 3rd embodiment of the torque fluctuation absorption damper which concerns on this invention by the plane which passes along an axial center. It is sectional drawing which cuts and shows preferable 4th Embodiment of the torque fluctuation absorption damper which concerns on this invention by the plane which passes along an axial center. It is explanatory drawing which shows operation | movement of 4th embodiment.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a torque fluctuation absorbing damper according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  1 and 2 show a first preferred embodiment of a torque fluctuation absorbing damper according to the present invention. Reference numeral 1 denotes a hub side rotation attached to a crankshaft (not shown) of an internal combustion engine of an automobile. Is the body.

  The hub-side rotating body 1 includes a hub 11 that is attached to the shaft end of the crankshaft in the shaft hole having an inner diameter, and an annular mass body 12 that is concentrically disposed on the outer peripheral side of the hub 11 and made of a metal material having a high density (specific gravity). And an elastic body 13 that is formed of a rubber-like elastic material (rubber material or synthetic resin material having rubber-like elasticity) excellent in heat resistance, cold resistance and mechanical strength, and elastically connects the hub 11 and the annular mass body 13. Consists of.

  The hub 11 is manufactured by casting a metal material or the like. The hub 11 is an inner cylinder portion 11a fixed to a crankshaft which is a rotating shaft, a disk portion 11b extending from the outer diameter side, and an outer diameter thereof. It has the outer cylinder part 11c extended in an axial direction from an edge part.

  In the hub-side rotating body 1 having the above-described configuration, the spring-mass system including the elastic body 13 and the annular mass body 12 resonates in a predetermined vibration frequency range in which the torsional amplitude of the crankshaft increases, and torque due to the vibration displacement is generated. By generating in the opposite direction to the torque caused by the input vibration, a dynamic vibration absorption effect is exhibited.

  On the outer peripheral side of the annular mass body 12 in the hub side rotating body 1, the pulley 2 is disposed concentrically and in a state capable of being displaced relative to the hub side rotating body 1 in the circumferential direction. A poly V groove 2a is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the pulley 2, and an endless belt (not shown) is wound around the pulley.

  On the outer peripheral surface of the annular mass body 12 in the hub-side rotating body 1, a metal corrugated sleeve 3 in which crests 3a and troughs 3b are alternately formed in the circumferential direction as shown in FIG. 3 is fitted. A metal sleeve 4 having a circumferential stopper 4a having the same pitch as the crest 3a (or trough 3b) of the wave-like sleeve 3 is fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the pulley 2.

  Between each trough 3b in the corrugated sleeve 3 and the inner peripheral surface between the circumferential stoppers 4a, 4a of the sleeve 4 on the pulley 2 side, rolling elements 5 each made of a spherical body (for example, a steel ball) are provided. One by one is interposed. The rolling element 5 can roll between the wave-like sleeve 3 and the sleeve 4 in the circumferential direction and the axial direction. That is, when the circumferential relative displacement of the hub side rotating body 1 and the pulley 2 occurs, the rolling element 5 is waved while being elastically deformed so as to press the peak portion 3a of the waved sleeve 3 against the outer circumferential surface of the annular mass body 12. It rolls in the circumferential direction between the sleeve 3 and the sleeve 4.

  A pair of plates 6 for limiting the axial relative displacement of the pulley 2 with respect to the hub-side rotating body 1 is provided on the outer cylinder portion 11 c of the hub 11 in the hub-side rotating body 1. Specifically, each plate 6 has a fitting cylinder portion 6a having an inner diameter fitted on the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder portion 11c of the hub 11, and the outer diameter of the disk portion 6b developed from the fitting cylinder portion 6a is that of the pulley 2. It has reached the position on both sides in the axial direction.

  In the torque fluctuation absorbing damper of the first embodiment configured as described above, the inner cylinder portion 11a of the hub 11 is fixed to one end of the crankshaft, and is rotated together with the crankshaft when the engine is driven. . A belt (not shown) is wound around the poly V groove 2a on the outer peripheral surface of the pulley 2, and the rotational force of the crankshaft is transmitted to an auxiliary machine (not shown) such as an alternator and a cooling water pump. .

  Specifically, when the crankshaft is stopped, as shown in FIG. 4 (A), the rolling elements 5 are located at substantially intermediate positions of the valley portions 3b of the wave sleeve 3 and the circumferential stoppers 4a, 4a of the sleeve 4 are arranged. In the middle position between.

  When the hub-side rotating body 1 rotates in the forward rotation direction (counterclockwise direction in FIG. 4) together with a crankshaft (not shown) by starting the engine from this stop state, the hub-side rotating body is present at the pulley 2 at this time. Since the torque t in the positive rotation direction 1 is not transmitted, the wave-like sleeve 3 fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the hub side rotating body 1 and the annular mass body 12 is in an advanced differential state with respect to the pulley 2. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4B, the rolling element 5 rolls in the circumferential direction between the wave sleeve 3 and the sleeve 4 on the pulley 2 side. Since rolling of the rolling element 5 in the circumferential direction is performed while elastically deforming the crest 3a of the wave-like sleeve 3 against the outer peripheral surface of the annular mass 12, the reaction force causes the rolling element 5 to move in the positive rotation direction. Torque t is transmitted to the sleeve 4 via the rolling elements 5, and rotation of the pulley 2 is started.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 5, the relationship between the circumferential position of the rolling element 5 with respect to the corrugated sleeve 3 and the torque t, the rolling element 5 deforms so as to crush the peak portion 3 a of the corrugated sleeve 3 as the transmission torque t increases. Will be displaced greatly. In addition, the code | symbol AD shown in FIG. 5 respond | corresponds with the position of the rolling element 5 shown to FIG. 4 (A)-(D).

Further, when the input torque t increases rapidly, as shown in FIG. 4C, the rolling element 5 comes into contact with the circumferential stopper 4a of the sleeve 4, and the torque t Once but reaches a predetermined value t _1, overcame this while deformation is to crush the crests 3a of the corrugated sleeve 3 completely, by being displaced, as shown in FIG. 4 (D), to the pulley 2 It operates as a torque limiter that blocks transmission of torque t. The torque value t ₁ for the crest 3 a to be completely crushed and the rolling element 5 to get over is greater than the torque t ₂ that generates slip (belt slip) between the pulley 2 and the belt wound around the pulley 2. Since the rigidity of the peak portion 3a is set so as to be reduced, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of belt slip due to a rapid increase in the torque t and the like, as well as belt squealing and belt wear.

  Further, in the normal rotation range, when the frequency of torsional vibration input from the crankshaft through the hub 11 is in the vicinity of the band where the amplitude of the crankshaft is maximized, the spring constituted by the annular mass body 12 and the elastic body 13. The mass system resonates with a phase angle different from that of the input vibration, and exhibits a dynamic vibration absorption effect due to the torque generated by the vibration displacement being generated in the opposite direction to the torque of the input vibration. For this reason, the peak of the torsional vibration of the crankshaft can be effectively reduced.

  Further, in this case, the annular mass body 12 periodically repeats the retardation differential and the advance differential due to the resonance in the torsional direction as described above with respect to the pulley 2 to rotate at a constant speed. The corrugated sleeve 3 fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the roller and the sleeve 4 fitted on the inner peripheral surface of the pulley 2 are repeatedly displaced relative to each other in the circumferential direction. Rolls repeatedly in the circumferential direction. And since the cyclic | annular mass fluctuation | variation of the annular mass body 12 is absorbed by rolling of this rolling element 5, the pulley 2 can maintain smooth rotation.

  Further, when there is a misalignment between the pulley 2 and the belt due to the relative inclination of the shaft center of the pulley 2 of the torque fluctuation absorbing damper and the auxiliary machine pulley (not shown), the rib of the belt is caused by such misalignment. In the process of being bitten diagonally into the poly V groove 2a of the pulley 2, the axial relative displacement between the hub side rotating body 1 and the pulley 2 is allowed while the rolling element 5 rolls in the axial direction. Also, belt squeal and belt wear due to misalignment are effectively prevented.

  The pulley 6 and the rolling element 5 are prevented from dropping from the hub side rotating body 1 by the plate 6.

  Next, FIG. 6 shows a second preferred embodiment of the torque fluctuation absorbing damper according to the present invention. The difference from the first embodiment described above is that each valley portion 3b in the wave-like sleeve 3, A plurality (three in the illustrated example) of rolling elements 5 each including a spherical body are interposed between the circumferential stoppers 4a and 4a of the sleeve 4 on the pulley 2 side and the inner peripheral surface. It is in. According to this structure, the load which acts on the one rolling element 5 can be made small.

  Next, FIG. 7 shows a third preferred embodiment of the torque fluctuation absorbing damper according to the present invention. The difference from the first embodiment described above is that each valley 3b in the wave sleeve 3 A rolling element 5 made of a cylindrical “roller” is interposed between the circumferential stoppers 4a and 4a of the sleeve 4 on the pulley 2 side. When the rolling element 5 is a spherical body, it is point contact with the corrugated sleeve 3 and the sleeve 4, whereas according to this configuration, the rolling element 5 is in line contact. The load acting on the can be reduced.

  Next, FIG. 8 shows a fourth preferred embodiment of the torque fluctuation absorbing damper according to the present invention. The difference from the first embodiment described above is that the rolling element 5 is one of the wavy sleeves 3. This is because it is arranged in every third valley 3b. Therefore, in this embodiment, a portion where the rolling element 5 is interposed between each valley portion 3b of the corrugated sleeve 3 and an inner peripheral surface between the circumferential stoppers 4a and 4a of the sleeve 4 and the rolling member are provided. The portions where the moving body 5 is not interposed exist alternately in the circumferential direction.

  For this reason, according to the torque fluctuation absorbing damper of the fourth embodiment, the stress when the crest 3a of the wave-like sleeve 3 is crushed by the rolling element 5 is absorbed by the uplift deformation of the adjacent crest 3a. The wavy sleeve 3 can be given significant elasticity.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9A, the rolling element 5 is in a substantially intermediate position between the valley portions 3 b ₁ in the wave-like sleeve 3 and in an approximately intermediate position between the circumferential stoppers 4 a and 4 a of the sleeve 4. The torque t in the forward rotation direction (counterclockwise direction in FIG. 9) is input to the hub side rotating body 1 by starting the engine or the like, and is fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the hub side rotating body 1 and its annular mass body 12. When the corrugated sleeve 3 is in an advance differential state with respect to the pulley 2, the rolling element 5 is valleyd between the corrugated sleeve 3 and the pulley 4 side sleeve 4 as shown in FIG. 9B. rolling the circumferential direction from the part 3b to the crests 3a _1. Since the rolling element 5 rolls in the circumferential direction while being elastically deformed so as to press the crest 3a ₁ of the wave-like sleeve 3 against the outer circumferential surface of the annular mass body 12, the reaction force causes a positive rotation direction. Torque t is transmitted to the sleeve 4 via the rolling elements 5, and the rotation of the pulley 2 is started. At this time, the rolling stress due to the peak portions 3a ₁ is collapsed by the body 5, and acts to raised ridge portions 3a 2 circumferentially adjacent _(crests 3a 2 not subjected to crush by the rolling elements ₅₎ That is, since the deformation is performed so as to absorb the stress, the hub-side rotating body 1 and the pulley 2 are remarkably displaced in the circumferential direction, so that the fluctuation of the transmission torque can be absorbed more satisfactorily.

When the input torque t suddenly increases, as shown in FIG. 9C, the rolling element 5 comes into contact with the circumferential stopper 4a of the sleeve 4, and the torque t 9 reaches a predetermined value, the ridge 3a ₁ of the wave-like sleeve 3 is deformed so as to be completely crushed, and is moved over to the adjacent valley 3b ₂ as shown in FIG. 9 (D). As a result, it operates as a torque limiter that blocks transmission of torque t to the pulley 2. At this time as well, the deformation that completely collapses the peak 3a ₁ is reliably performed by the raised deformation of the peak 3a ₂ , so that the reliability of the operation is ensured.

  The configuration according to the fourth embodiment can also be applied to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6 and the third embodiment shown in FIG.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the corrugated sleeve 3 is fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the annular mass body 12 in the hub-side rotating body 1, and the circumferential stopper 4a is attached to the sleeve 4 fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the pulley 2. On the contrary, the corrugated sleeve 3 is fitted on the inner peripheral surface of the pulley 2, and the sleeve 4 having the circumferential stopper 4 a on the outer periphery is fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the annular mass body 12. It can also be set as the structure which carried out.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hub side rotating body 11 Hub 12 Annular mass 13 Elastic body 2 Pulley 3 Wave-like sleeve 3a Mountain part 3b Valley part 4 Sleeve 4a Circumferential stopper 5 Rolling element 6 Plate

Claims (4)

A hub-side rotating body that is attached to a rotating shaft and rotates integrally with the rotating shaft; a pulley that is concentrically disposed on the outer peripheral side of the rotating body and that is relatively displaceable in the circumferential direction; and the hub A corrugated sleeve provided on either one of the outer peripheral surface of the side rotating body and the inner peripheral surface on the pulley side and having crests and valleys alternately formed in the circumferential direction; and the outer peripheral surface of the hub side rotating body and the pulley side A circumferential stopper provided on the other of the inner circumferential surfaces at the same pitch as the peak portion, each trough portion in the corrugated sleeve, an outer circumferential surface of the hub side rotating body, and an inner circumferential surface on the pulley side. A rolling element interposed between the other and the other, and when the transmission torque rises to a predetermined level or more, the rolling element elastically supports the crest portion of the wave-like sleeve in contact with the circumferential stopper. that it is possible to overcome while deforming Torque fluctuation absorbing damper for the butterflies.   The hub-side rotator includes a hub attached to a rotating shaft, an annular mass disposed concentrically with the hub, and an elastic body that elastically connects the hub and the annular mass. Item 2. The torque fluctuation absorbing damper according to Item 1.   3. The torque fluctuation absorbing damper according to claim 1, wherein the hub side rotating body or the pulley is provided with a plate for restricting the relative displacement in the axial direction of the hub side rotating body and the pulley.   The torque fluctuation absorbing damper according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the rolling elements are disposed in every other trough of the wave sleeve.

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