JP5975226B2 - Liquid crystal aligning agent, liquid crystal alignment film, liquid crystal display element, and method for manufacturing liquid crystal display element - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a liquid crystal aligning agent, a liquid crystal alignment film, a liquid crystal display element, and a liquid crystal display element that can be used in the manufacture of a liquid crystal display element of a vertical alignment method that is manufactured by irradiating ultraviolet rays with voltage applied to liquid crystal molecules. The present invention relates to a production method and a polymerizable compound.

  In a liquid crystal display element of a method in which liquid crystal molecules aligned perpendicular to a substrate are responded by an electric field (also referred to as a vertical alignment (VA) method), an ultraviolet ray is applied while applying a voltage to the liquid crystal molecules in the manufacturing process. There is a thing including the process of irradiating.

  In such a vertical alignment type liquid crystal display element, a photopolymerizable compound is added to a liquid crystal composition in advance and used together with a vertical alignment film such as polyimide to irradiate ultraviolet rays while applying a voltage to a liquid crystal cell. A technique for increasing the response speed of liquid crystal (for example, see Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1) is known (PSA (Polymer Sustained Alignment) type liquid crystal display). Usually, the direction in which the liquid crystal molecules tilt in response to an electric field is controlled by protrusions provided on the substrate or slits provided on the display electrode, but a liquid crystal composition is added with a photopolymerizable compound. By irradiating ultraviolet rays while applying voltage to the cell, a polymer structure in which the tilted direction of the liquid crystal molecules is memorized is formed on the liquid crystal alignment film. It is said that the response speed of the liquid crystal display element is faster than the control method.

  In this PSA type liquid crystal display element, there is a problem that the polymerizable compound added to the liquid crystal is low in solubility, and precipitates at a low temperature when the addition amount is increased. On the other hand, when the addition amount of the polymerizable compound is reduced, a good alignment state cannot be obtained. Moreover, since the unreacted polymerizable compound remaining in the liquid crystal becomes an impurity (contamination) in the liquid crystal, there is a problem that the reliability of the liquid crystal display element is lowered. In addition, when the UV irradiation treatment necessary in the PSA mode is large, the components in the liquid crystal are decomposed and the reliability is lowered.

  Here, it has been reported that the response speed of the liquid crystal display element is increased by adding the photopolymerizable compound to the liquid crystal alignment film instead of the liquid crystal composition (SC-PVA liquid crystal display) (for example, Non-Patent Document 2).

JP 2003-307720 A

K. Hanaoka, SID 04 DIGEST, P.1200-1202 K.H Y.-J.Lee, SID 09 DIGEST, P.666-668

  However, it is desired to further increase the response speed of the liquid crystal display element. Also in the SC-PVA mode, as in the PSA mode described above, if the amount of ultraviolet irradiation is large, there are problems such as decomposition of components in the liquid crystal and causing a decrease in reliability. It is desired to increase the response speed. Although it is conceivable to increase the response speed of the liquid crystal display element by increasing the amount of the photopolymerizable compound added, this photopolymerizable compound dissolves in the liquid crystal when the liquid crystal display element is produced. If it remains unreacted in the liquid crystal, it becomes an impurity and causes a decrease in the reliability of the liquid crystal display element. Therefore, a polymerizable compound that can increase the response speed with a small addition amount is desirable.

  An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and a liquid crystal aligning agent, a liquid crystal aligning film, and a liquid crystal capable of improving the response speed of a liquid crystal display element of a vertical alignment method with a small amount of ultraviolet irradiation. It is in providing the manufacturing method of a display element and a liquid crystal display element, and a polymeric compound.

  The liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention that solves the above problems comprises at least one selected from a side chain for vertically aligning liquid crystals and a methacryl group, an acrylic group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, a coumarin group, a styryl group, and a cinnamoyl group. Photopolymerization or photocrosslinking to one or more terminals with a polyimide precursor having a photoreactive side chain and at least one polymer selected from a polyimide obtained by imidizing the polyimide precursor It has at least one polymerizable compound having a group and a benzophenone structure, and a solvent.

  And it is preferable that the said photoreactive side chain contains group selected from following formula (I).

（式中、Ｒ^１１は、Ｈまたはメチル基である。）

(In the formula, R ¹¹ is H or a methyl group.)

  Further, it is preferable that the photopolymerization or photocrosslinking group is selected from the following formula (II).

（式中、Ｒ^１２はＨまたは炭素数１〜４のアルキル基であり、Ｚ^１は炭素数１〜１２のアルキル基または炭素数１〜１２のアルコキシル基によって置換されていてもよい二価の芳香環もしくは複素環であり、Ｚ^２は炭素数１〜１２のアルキル基または炭素数１〜１２のアルコキシル基によって置換されていてもよい一価の芳香環もしくは複素環である。）

(In the formula, R ¹² is H or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and Z ¹ is a divalent alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an alkoxyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. (It is an aromatic ring or a heterocyclic ring, and Z ² is a monovalent aromatic ring or heterocyclic ring optionally substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an alkoxyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.)

  Further, at least one polymerizable compound having a photopolymerizable or photocrosslinking group at one or more terminals and having no benzophenone structure may be included.

  The liquid crystal alignment film of the present invention is obtained by applying the above liquid crystal aligning agent to a substrate and baking it.

  The liquid crystal display element of the present invention is produced by applying a liquid crystal layer by contacting the liquid crystal aligning agent obtained above by applying the liquid crystal aligning agent to a substrate and baking it, and irradiating ultraviolet rays while applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal cell is provided.

  And the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display element of this invention provides the liquid crystal layer by making it contact with the liquid crystal aligning film obtained by apply | coating the said liquid crystal aligning agent to a board | substrate, and baking, and applying ultraviolet-ray, applying a voltage to this liquid crystal layer. To produce a liquid crystal cell.

  Moreover, the polymerizable compound of the present invention is represented by the following formula.

（式中、Ｒ^３１は単結合又は−Ｒ^３５Ｏ−で表され、Ｒ^３５は直鎖の炭素数１〜１０のアルキレン基であり、Ｒ^３２は単結合又は−ＯＲ^３６−で表され、Ｒ^３６は直鎖の炭素数１〜１０のアルキレン基であり、Ｒ^３３及びＲ^３４はそれぞれ独立に水素原子またはメチル基であり、ｑ１及びｑ２はそれぞれ独立に１〜３の整数である。）

(Wherein R ³¹ is represented by a single bond or —R ³⁵ O—, R ³⁵ is a linear alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R ³² is represented by a single bond or —OR ³⁶ —, R ³⁶ is a linear alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R ³³ and R ³⁴ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and q 1 and q 2 are each independently an integer of 1 to 3.)

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a vertical alignment type liquid crystal display element having a high response speed. And it can be set as a liquid crystal display element whose response speed is sufficiently quick even with a small ultraviolet irradiation amount. Moreover, even when the addition amount of the polymerizable compound is small, the response speed can be sufficiently improved.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention has a photoreactive property including a side chain for vertically aligning a liquid crystal and at least one selected from a methacryl group, an acrylic group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, a coumarin group, a styryl group, and a cinnamoyl group. A polyimide precursor having a side chain, at least one polymer selected from polyimides obtained by imidizing the polyimide precursor, and one or more terminal groups having photopolymerization or photocrosslinking and It has at least one polymerizable compound having a benzophenone structure and a solvent. The liquid crystal aligning agent is a solution for forming a liquid crystal aligning film, and the liquid crystal aligning film is a film for aligning liquid crystals in a predetermined direction, in the present invention, in the vertical direction.

  First, the polymerizable compound contained in the liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention will be described in detail. The liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention comprises a polymerizable compound having a photopolymerizable or photocrosslinking group at one or more terminals and having a benzophenone structure (hereinafter also referred to as “polymerizable compound having a benzophenone structure”). Contains at least one or more. That is, the polymerizable compound contained in the liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention is a compound having at least one terminal having a photopolymerizable or photocrosslinking group and having a benzophenone structure. Here, the polymerizable compound having a photopolymerizable group is a compound having a functional group that causes polymerization upon irradiation with light. The compound having a photocrosslinking group is at least one selected from a polymer of a polymerizable compound, a polyimide precursor, and a polyimide obtained by imidizing the polyimide precursor by irradiating light. It is a compound having a functional group capable of reacting with the polymer and crosslinking with these polymers. A compound having a photocrosslinkable group also reacts with a compound having a photocrosslinkable group. The benzophenone structure is a structure represented by the following formula.

  Such a polymerizable compound includes at least one selected from a side chain for vertically aligning a liquid crystal, which will be described later in detail, and a methacryl group, an acrylic group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, a coumarin group, a styryl group, and a cinnamoyl group. An SC-PVA liquid crystal containing a polyimide precursor having a photoreactive side chain and at least one polymer selected from polyimides obtained by imidizing this polyimide precursor in a liquid crystal aligning agent. Compared to the case where a polymer having a side chain for vertically aligning this liquid crystal and a photoreactive side chain, or a case where this polymerizable compound is used alone, by using it for the production of a liquid crystal display element of a vertical alignment method such as a display. Thus, the response speed can be dramatically improved. And since a polymeric compound has a benzophenone structure in this invention, compared with the case where the polymeric compound which has a benzophenone structure is not used, a response speed can be made sufficiently quick with a small ultraviolet irradiation amount. Moreover, the response speed can be sufficiently improved even with a small addition amount of the polymerizable compound.

  Thus, it has a side chain for vertically aligning the liquid crystal and a photoreactive side chain containing at least one selected from a methacryl group, an acryl group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, a coumarin group, a styryl group, and a cinnamoyl group. Polymerization having a benzophenone structure and a polyimide precursor, and at least one polymer selected from the polyimide obtained by imidizing the polyimide precursor, having a photopolymerizable or photocrosslinking group at one or more terminals. Although the mechanism that can improve the response speed even when the irradiation amount of ultraviolet rays is small by using a liquid crystal aligning agent containing a polymerizable compound is unknown, the benzophenone structure site of the polymerizable compound is irradiated with ultraviolet rays. Excitation by means that the polymerizable compound reacts efficiently and the energy generated by the excitation The sensitivity of the polyimide precursor or polyimide to be supplied to the side chain of the photoreactive de precursor or polyimide is improved is presumed factors.

  Here, instead of the polymerizable compound having a benzophenone structure, a liquid crystal aligning agent containing a polyimide precursor having a benzophenone structure or polyimide may be considered. However, if the benzophenone structure is fixed to the polyimide precursor or polyimide in this way, it is difficult to excite the benzophenone structure site by ultraviolet irradiation, or the effect of improving the response speed with a small amount of ultraviolet irradiation is insufficient. is there. Therefore, the polymerizable compound needs to have a benzophenone structure, not a polyimide precursor or polyimide.

  It is also conceivable to use a liquid crystal aligning agent containing a compound having a benzophenone structure that is not a polymerizable compound. However, since the benzophenone structure has high crystallinity and easily undergoes sublimation and decomposition reactions, it is difficult to remain in the system by baking at a high temperature (for example, 200 ° C.) required for a liquid crystal aligning agent. On the other hand, when a benzophenone structure is introduced into a polymerizable compound, it has a photopolymerization or photocrosslinking group, or as shown in the examples described later, even when baked at a high temperature, the response speed is reduced with a small amount of UV irradiation. Can be improved sufficiently.

  Examples of the photopolymerizable or photocrosslinking group include a monovalent group represented by the above formula (II).

Specific examples of the polymerizable compound include a compound having a photopolymerizable group at each of two ends represented by the following formula (III), and a photopolymerizable group represented by the following formula (IV). Examples thereof include a compound having a terminal having a terminal that has a photocrosslinkable group and a compound having a group that is photocrosslinked to each of two terminals represented by the following formula (V). In Formula ^{(III) ~ (V),} R 12, Z 1 and ^{Z 2} are the same as ^R 12, ^{Z 1} and ^{Z 2} in the formula (II), ^{Q 1} is a divalent having a benzophenone structure Is an organic group. Q ¹ preferably has an oxyalkylene group or an alkylene group. This is because the interaction with the liquid crystal tends to increase.

Specific examples of the polymerizable compound represented by the formula (III) include polymerizable compounds represented by the following formulas [VI] to [XI]. In the following formulas [VI] to [XI], V is a single bond or —R ¹ O—, and R ¹ is a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. For example, V is — (CH ₂ ) _n1- O-. W is a single bond or —OR ² —, R ² is a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, for example, W is —O— (CH ₂ ) _n1 —, and n1 is 1 Is an integer of -10, preferably 2-10, x and y are each independently 1 or 2, and R ¹⁶ is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group. V and W may be the same or different, but if they are the same, synthesis is easy.

Specific examples of the polymerizable compound having a photopolymerizable or photocrosslinkable group at one terminal include compounds represented by the following formulas [XII] to [XIV]. In the following formulas [XII] and [XIII], V is a single bond or —R ¹ O—, and R ¹ is a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. For example, V is — (CH _{2) n1} is ^{-O-, R 16} is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, the following formula [XIV], l1 is 2-9 integer.

Specific examples of the polymerizable compound having a photopolymerizable or photocrosslinking group at three or more terminals include compounds represented by the following formula. In the following formula, p represents an integer of 3 to 6, Q ¹¹ is a p-valent organic group having a benzophenone structure, preferably an oxyalkylene group or an alkylene group, and R ¹² is the formula (III) The same as R ¹² in FIG. The following formula represents that p ¹¹ structures in parentheses are bonded to Q11, and the structures in parentheses may be the same or different.

  In general, the process of forming a liquid crystal alignment film includes a step of baking at a high temperature in order to completely remove the solvent, but α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone groups which are polymerizable groups (photopolymerizable groups) at both ends. If it is a polymerizable compound having a high temperature, it can sufficiently withstand a high temperature, for example, a firing temperature of 200 ° C. or higher, because of its poor thermal polymerizability. In addition, even if it is a polymerizable compound having an acrylate group or a methacrylate group instead of an α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone group as a group for photopolymerization or photocrosslinking, this acrylate group or methacrylate group is a spacer such as an oxyalkylene group. If it is a polymerizable compound having a structure bonded to a phenylene group via the same as the polymerizable compound having an α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone group at the terminal, the stability against heat is improved, It can sufficiently withstand a high temperature, for example, a firing temperature of 200 ° C. or higher.

  Among such polymerizable compounds, a compound represented by the following formula is a novel compound. In addition, the following formula represents that the structure in parentheses is bonded to the left benzene ring in q1, and the structures in parentheses may be the same or different. In addition, the following formula represents that q2 structures in parentheses are bonded to the right benzene ring, and the structures in parentheses may be the same or different.

（式中、Ｒ^３１は単結合又は−Ｒ^３５Ｏ−で表され、Ｒ^３５は直鎖の炭素数１〜１０のアルキレン基であり、Ｒ^３２は単結合又は−ＯＲ^３６−で表され、Ｒ^３６は直鎖の炭素数１〜１０のアルキレン基であり、Ｒ^３３及びＲ^３４はそれぞれ独立に水素原子またはメチル基であり、ｑ１及びｑ２はそれぞれ独立に１〜３の整数である。）

(Wherein R ³¹ is represented by a single bond or —R ³⁵ O—, R ³⁵ is a linear alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R ³² is represented by a single bond or —OR ³⁶ —, R ³⁶ is a linear alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R ³³ and R ³⁴ are each independently a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and q 1 and q 2 are each independently an integer of 1 to 3.)

The method for producing such a polymerizable compound is not particularly limited, and for example, it can be produced according to the synthesis examples described later. For example, a polymerizable compound can be synthesized by combining techniques in organic synthetic chemistry. For example, taraga and the like represented by the following reaction formula are prepared by the method proposed by P. Talaga, M. Schaeffer, C. Benezra and JLStampf, Synthesis, 530 (1990) using SnCl ₂ and 2- (bromomethyl) acrylic acid. It can be synthesized by reacting (2- (bromomethyl) propenoic acid) with aldehyde or ketone. Amberlyst 15 is a strongly acidic ion exchange resin manufactured by Rohm and Haas.

（式中、Ｒ’は一価の有機基を表す。）

(In the formula, R ′ represents a monovalent organic group.)

  In addition, 2- (bromomethyl) acrylic acid can be represented by the following reaction formula: K. Ramarajan, K. Kamalingam, DJO 'Donnell and KDBerlin, Organic Synthesis, vol. 61, 56-59 (1983). It can be synthesized by the proposed method.

As a specific synthesis example, if it is a formula [VI] and a formula [VII], it can synthesize | combine by reaction of a following formula, for example. In the following reaction formula, M is a group selected from the following, and R ¹⁶ , V, and W are the same as R ¹⁶ , V, and W in the above formula [VII], respectively. DCC is an abbreviation for dicyclohexylcarbodiimide, and DMAP is an abbreviation for N, N-dimethyl-4-aminopyridine.

  Moreover, if it is a formula [XIV], it is compoundable by reaction of a following formula. In the following reaction formula, l1 is the same as l1 in the formula [XIV].

  In addition, the liquid crystal aligning agent of this invention may contain 2 or more types of polymeric compounds which have the group which photopolymerizes or photocrosslinks in such an at least 1 terminal, and has a benzophenone structure.

  In addition to the polymerizable compound having a photopolymerization or photocrosslinking group at one or more terminals and having a benzophenone structure, the benzophenone further has a photopolymerization or photocrosslinking group at one or more terminals. One or two or more polymerizable compounds having no structure (hereinafter also referred to as “polymerizable compound having no benzophenone structure”) may be contained. In this way, a polymerizable compound having a photopolymerization or photocrosslinking group at one or more terminals and having a benzophenone structure is converted into a polymerizable compound having a photopolymerization or photocrosslinking group at one or more terminals and having a benzophenone structure. Compared with the case where a liquid crystal aligning agent is contained together with a polymerizable compound not having a polymerizable compound having a photopolymerizable or photocrosslinking group at one or more terminals and not having a benzophenone structure. In some cases, the response speed can be remarkably improved.

  As the photopolymerization or photocrosslinking group of a polymerizable compound having a photopolymerization or photocrosslinking group at one or more terminals and not having a benzophenone structure, a monovalent group represented by the above formula (II) Is mentioned.

Specific examples of the polymerizable compound having a photopolymerizable or photocrosslinkable group at one or more terminals and not having a benzophenone structure include light at each of the two terminals represented by the following formula (XV). A compound having a polymerizing group, a compound having a terminal having a photopolymerizable group and a terminal having a photocrosslinking group represented by the following formula (XVI), A compound having a photocrosslinkable group at each of the two ends may be mentioned. In the following formulas (XV) to (XVII), R ¹⁷ is H or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and Z ³ is an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. A divalent aromatic ring or heterocyclic ring which may be substituted, and Z ⁴ is a monovalent aromatic ring which may be substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms; Heterocycle. Q ² is a divalent organic group having no benzophenone structure. Q ² has a ring structure such as a phenylene group (—C ₆ H ₄ —), a biphenylene group (—C ₆ H ₄ —C ₆ H ₄ —), a cyclohexylene group (—C ₆ H ₁₀ —), and the like. Preferably it is. This is because the interaction with the liquid crystal tends to increase.

Examples of the polymerizable compound represented by the formula (XV) include a polymerizable compound represented by the following formula (XVIII). In the following formula (XVIII), V ¹ is a single bond or —R ²¹ O—, R ²¹ is a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and W ¹ is a single bond or —OR ²² - ^{R 22} is represented by is a straight-chain or branched alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon ^{atoms, R 18} is hydrogen atom or a methyl group. When the compound represented by the following formula (XVIII) is contained in the liquid crystal aligning agent together with the compound having the benzophenone structure represented by the above formula [VI], the response speed can be remarkably increased even with a small amount of ultraviolet irradiation. it can.

  Specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (XVIII) include polymerizable compounds represented by the following formula.

（式中、Ｒ^１８はＨまたはメチル基である）

(Wherein R ¹⁸ is H or a methyl group)

The method for producing the polymerizable compound having no benzophenone structure is not particularly limited, and can be produced, for example, according to the synthesis examples described later. For example, a polymerizable compound can be synthesized by combining techniques in organic synthetic chemistry. As a specific synthesis example, for example, the formula [XV] can be synthesized by the reaction of the following formula. In the following reaction formulae, R ¹⁹ and R ²⁰ are each independently a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. THF is an abbreviation for tetrahydrofuran.

  The liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention is at least one selected from a polyimide precursor and a polyimide obtained by imidizing the polyimide precursor, and a side chain and a photoreactive side for vertically aligning liquid crystals. A polymer having a chain. Examples of the polyimide precursor include polyamic acid (also referred to as polyamic acid), polyamic acid ester, and the like.

  The side chain for vertically aligning the liquid crystal of the polymer is not limited as long as the liquid crystal can be aligned vertically with respect to the substrate. For example, a long chain alkyl group or a middle of a long chain alkyl group may be used. And a group having a ring structure or a branched structure, a hydrocarbon group such as a steroid group, or a group in which some or all of the hydrogen atoms of these groups are replaced with fluorine atoms. Of course, you may have the side chain which orientates two or more types of liquid crystal vertically. The side chain for vertically aligning the liquid crystal may be directly bonded to a polyimide precursor such as polyamic acid or polyamic acid ester or a main chain of polyimide, that is, a polyamic acid skeleton, a polyimide skeleton, or the like. You may couple | bond together through a coupling group. Examples of the side chain for vertically aligning the liquid crystal include a hydrocarbon group having 8 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 22 carbon atoms in which hydrogen atoms may be substituted with fluorine, specifically alkyl groups, fluoro Examples thereof include an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a phenethyl group, a styrylalkyl group, a naphthyl group, and a fluorophenylalkyl group. Examples of the side chain for vertically aligning other liquid crystals include those represented by the following formula (a).

（式（ａ）中ｌ、ｍ及びｎはそれぞれ独立に０又は１の整数を表し、Ｒ^３は炭素数２〜６のアルキレン基、−Ｏ−、−ＣＯＯ−、−ＯＣＯ−、−ＮＨＣＯ−、−ＣＯＮＨ−、又は炭素数１〜３のアルキレン−エーテル基を表し、Ｒ^４、Ｒ^５及びＲ^６はそれぞれ独立にフェニレン基又はシクロアルキレン基を表し、Ｒ^７は水素原子、炭素数２〜２４のアルキル基又はフッ素含有アルキル基、一価の芳香環、一価の脂肪族環、一価の複素環、又はそれらからなる一価の大環状置換体を表す。）

(In the formula (a), l, m and n each independently represents an integer of 0 or 1, and R ³ represents an alkylene group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, —O—, —COO—, —OCO—, —NHCO—. , -CONH-, or an alkylene ether group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ each independently represent a phenylene group or a cycloalkylene group, R ⁷ is a hydrogen atom, 24 represents an alkyl group or a fluorine-containing alkyl group, a monovalent aromatic ring, a monovalent aliphatic ring, a monovalent heterocyclic ring, or a monovalent macrocyclic substituent comprising them.)

R ³ in the above formula (a) is preferably —O—, —COO—, —CONH—, or an alkylene ether group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms from the viewpoint of ease of synthesis.

R ⁴ , R ⁵ and R ⁶ in the formula (a) are l, m, n, R ⁴ and R ⁵ shown in Table 1 below from the viewpoint of ease of synthesis and ability to align liquid crystals vertically. And a combination of R ⁶ is preferred.

When at least one of l, m and n is 1, R ⁷ in formula (a) is preferably a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 2 to 14 carbon atoms or a fluorine-containing alkyl group, more preferably A hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, or a fluorine-containing alkyl group. When l, m, and n are all 0, R ⁷ is preferably an alkyl group having 12 to 22 carbon atoms or a fluorine-containing alkyl group, a monovalent aromatic ring, a monovalent aliphatic ring, a monovalent Heterocycles and monovalent macrocyclic substituents made of them, more preferably alkyl groups having 12 to 20 carbon atoms or fluorine-containing alkyl groups.

  The amount of the side chain that vertically aligns the liquid crystal is not particularly limited as long as the liquid crystal alignment film can align the liquid crystal vertically. However, in the liquid crystal display element having the liquid crystal alignment film, the amount of side chains that vertically align the liquid crystal is possible within a range that does not impair the display characteristics of the element such as voltage holding ratio and accumulation of residual DC voltage. As few as possible is preferable.

  The ability of a polymer having side chains for vertically aligning liquid crystals to align liquid crystals vertically varies depending on the structure of the side chains for vertically aligning liquid crystals, but in general, the side chains for vertically aligning liquid crystals. As the amount increases, the ability to align the liquid crystal vertically increases, and as the amount decreases, it decreases. Moreover, when it has a cyclic structure, compared with what does not have a cyclic structure, there exists a tendency for the capability to orientate a liquid crystal vertically.

  Moreover, the polymer which consists of at least 1 type of polyimide precursors, such as polyamic acid and polyamic acid ester, and a polyimide which the liquid crystal aligning agent of this invention contains has a photoreactive side chain. The photoreactive side chain is a side chain having a functional group (hereinafter also referred to as a photoreactive group) that can react by irradiation with light such as ultraviolet rays (UV) to form a covalent bond. Includes at least one selected from a methacryl group, an acryl group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, a coumarin group, a styryl group, and a cinnamoyl group as a photoreactive group. Thus, a polymer comprising at least one of polyimide precursors such as polyamic acid and polyamic acid ester to be contained in the liquid crystal aligning agent and polyimide, methacryl group, acrylic group, vinyl group, allyl group, coumarin group, styryl group and By having a photoreactive side chain containing at least one selected from cinnamoyl groups and using it in a liquid crystal aligning agent together with the polymerizable compound, the response speed is remarkably improved as shown in the examples described later. be able to.

  The photoreactive side chain may be directly bonded to the polyimide precursor or the main chain of the polyimide, or may be bonded via an appropriate bonding group. Examples of the photoreactive side chain include those represented by the following formula (b).

（式（ｂ）中、Ｒ^８は単結合又は−ＣＨ_２−、−Ｏ−、−ＣＯＯ−、−ＯＣＯ−、−ＮＨＣＯ−、−ＣＯＮＨ−、−ＮＨ−、−ＣＨ_２Ｏ−、−Ｎ（ＣＨ_３）−、−ＣＯＮ（ＣＨ_３）−、−Ｎ（ＣＨ_３）ＣＯ−、のいずれかを表し、Ｒ^９は単結合、又は、非置換またはフッ素原子によって置換されている炭素数１〜２０のアルキレン基を表し、アルキレン基の−ＣＨ_２−は−ＣＦ_２−又は−ＣＨ＝ＣＨ−で任意に置き換えられていてもよく、次に挙げるいずれかの基が互いに隣り合わない場合において、これらの基に置き換えられていてもよい；−Ｏ−、−ＣＯＯ−、−ＯＣＯ−、−ＮＨＣＯ−、−ＣＯＮＨ−、−ＮＨ−、二価の炭素環、二価の複素環。Ｒ^１０は、メタクリル基、アクリル基、ビニル基、アリル基、クマリン基、スチリル基、シンナモイル基を表す。）

(In the formula (b), R ⁸ is a single bond or —CH ₂ —, —O—, —COO—, —OCO—, —NHCO—, —CONH—, —NH—, —CH ₂ O—, —N It represents any one of (CH ₃ ) —, —CON (CH ₃ ) —, —N (CH ₃ ) CO—, and R ⁹ is a single bond, unsubstituted or substituted with a fluorine atom. Represents an alkylene group of ˜20, and —CH ₂ — of the alkylene group may be optionally replaced by —CF ₂ — or —CH═CH—, and when any of the following groups is not adjacent to each other: , may be substituted with these groups; -O -, - COO -, - OCO -, - NHCO -, - CONH -, - NH-, a divalent carbocyclic, divalent heterocyclic ^{.R 10} Is a methacryl group, an acrylic group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, a coumarin group, Styryl group, a cinnamoyl group.)

R ⁸ in the above formula (b) can be formed by a general organic synthetic method, but from the viewpoint of ease of synthesis, —CH ₂ —, —O—, —COO—, —NHCO. _{-, - NH -, - CH} 2 O- are preferable.

Specific examples of the divalent carbocycle or divalent heterocycle carbocycle or heterocycle for replacing any —CH ₂ — in R ⁹ include the following structures, but are not limited thereto. Is not to be done.

R ¹⁰ is preferably a methacryl group, an acryl group or a vinyl group from the viewpoint of photoreactivity.

  The above formula (b) is more preferably a structure containing a group selected from the above formula (I).

  The amount of the photoreactive side chain is preferably within a range in which the response speed of the liquid crystal can be increased by reacting with ultraviolet irradiation to form a covalent bond. In order to further increase the response speed of the liquid crystal As many as possible are preferable as long as other characteristics are not affected. For example, the amount of photoreactive side chain introduced into the polyimide precursor or polyimide is preferably 10 to 70 mol%, more preferably 20 to 60 mol%, and particularly preferably 30 to 50 mol%.

  Such a liquid crystal has a side chain for vertically aligning and a photoreactive side chain containing at least one selected from a methacryl group, an acryl group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, a coumarin group, a styryl group, and a cinnamoyl group. A method for producing a polyimide precursor and at least one polymer selected from polyimides obtained by imidizing the polyimide precursor is not particularly limited. For example, by a reaction between a diamine and tetracarboxylic dianhydride. In a method for obtaining a polyamic acid, a diamine having a side chain for vertically aligning a liquid crystal or a tetracarboxylic dianhydride having a side chain for vertically aligning a liquid crystal, a methacryl group, an acrylic group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, a coumarin Photoreactive side chain comprising at least one selected from a group, a styryl group and a cinnamoyl group A tetracarboxylic dianhydride having a photoreactive side chain containing at least one selected from diamine or methacryl group, acrylic group, vinyl group, allyl group, coumarin group, styryl group and cinnamoyl group can be copolymerized. That's fine.

  Examples of the diamine having a side chain for vertically aligning the liquid crystal include a long chain alkyl group, a group having a ring structure or a branched structure in the middle of the long chain alkyl group, a hydrocarbon group such as a steroid group, and the hydrogen of these groups. A diamine having a side chain with a group in which some or all of the atoms are replaced with fluorine atoms, for example, a diamine having a side chain represented by the above formula (a) can be mentioned. More specifically, for example, a diamine having a hydrocarbon group having 8 to 30 carbon atoms in which a hydrogen atom may be substituted with fluorine, or the following formulas (2), (3), (4), (5 The diamine represented by this can be mentioned, However, It is not limited to this.

（式（２）中のｌ、ｍ、ｎ、Ｒ^３〜Ｒ^７の定義は、上記式（ａ）と同じである。）

(The definitions of l, m, n, and R ^{3 to} R ⁷ in Formula (2) are the same as those in Formula (a) above.)

（式（３）及び式（４）中、Ａ_１０は−ＣＯＯ−、−ＯＣＯ−、−ＣＯＮＨ−、−ＮＨＣＯ−、−ＣＨ_２−、−Ｏ−、−ＣＯ−、又は−ＮＨ−を表し、Ａ_１１は単結合若しくはフェニレン基を表し、ａは上記式（ａ）で表される液晶を垂直に配向させる側鎖と同一の構造を表し、ａ’は上記式（ａ）で表される液晶を垂直に配向させる側鎖と同一の構造から水素等の元素が一つ取れた構造である二価の基を表す。）

(Equation (3) and the formula _(4), A 10 is -COO -, - OCO -, - CONH -, - NHCO -, - CH 2 -, - O -, - CO-, or -NH- and represents , A ₁₁ represents a single bond or a phenylene group, a represents the same structure as a side chain for vertically aligning the liquid crystal represented by the above formula (a), and a ′ is represented by the above formula (a). (This represents a divalent group having a structure in which one element such as hydrogen is removed from the same structure as the side chain that vertically aligns the liquid crystal.)

（式（５）中、Ａ_１４は、フッ素原子で置換されていてもよい、炭素数３〜２０のアルキル基であり、Ａ_１５は、１，４−シクロへキシレン基、又は１，４−フェニレン基であり、Ａ_１６は、酸素原子、又は−ＣＯＯ−＊（ただし、「＊」を付した結合手がＡ_１５と結合する）であり、Ａ_１７は酸素原子、又は−ＣＯＯ−＊（ただし、「＊」を付した結合手が（ＣＨ_２）ａ_２と結合する。）である。また、ａ_１は０、又は１の整数であり、ａ_２は２〜１０の整数であり、ａ_３は０、又は１の整数である。）

(In the formula _{(5), A 14} is a fluorine atom may be substituted, an alkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon _{atoms, A 15} is 1,4-cyclohexylene group, or 1,4 A phenylene group, A ₁₆ is an oxygen atom or —COO— * (where a bond marked with “*” is bonded to A ₁₅ ), and A ₁₇ is an oxygen atom or —COO — * ( However, "*" is a bond marked with a _(CH 2) binds to _{a 2.).} Further, _{a 1} is 0, or an integer 1, _{a 2} is an integer from 2 to 10, a ₃ is 0 or an integer of 1.

Binding positions of the two amino group (-NH ₂₎ in equation (2) is not limited. Specifically, with respect to the linking group of the side chain, 2, 3 position, 2, 4 position, 2, 5 position, 2, 6 position, 3, 4 position on the benzene ring, 3, 4 position, 5 positions. Among these, from the viewpoint of reactivity when synthesizing a polyamic acid, positions 2, 4, 2, 5, or 3, 5 are preferable. Considering the ease in synthesizing the diamine, the positions 2, 4 or 3, 5 are more preferable.

  Specific examples of the structure of the formula (2) include diamines represented by the following formulas [A-1] to [A-24], but are not limited thereto.

（式［Ａ−１］〜式［Ａ−５］中、Ａ_１は、炭素数２〜２４のアルキル基又はフッ素含有アルキル基である。）

(In Formula [A-1] to Formula [A-5], A ₁ is an alkyl group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms or a fluorine-containing alkyl group.)

（式［Ａ−６］及び式［Ａ−７］中、Ａ_２は、−Ｏ−、−ＯＣＨ_２−、−ＣＨ_２Ｏ−、−ＣＯＯＣＨ_２−、又は−ＣＨ_２ＯＣＯ−を示し、Ａ_３は炭素数１〜２２のアルキル基、アルコキシ基、フッ素含有アルキル基又はフッ素含有アルコキシ基である。）

(In Formula [A-6] and Formula [A-7], A ₂ represents —O—, —OCH ₂ —, —CH ₂ O—, —COOCH ₂ —, or —CH ₂ OCO—, and ₃ is an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group, a fluorine-containing alkyl group or a fluorine-containing alkoxy group.

（式［Ａ−８］〜式［Ａ−１０］中、Ａ_４は、−ＣＯＯ−、−ＯＣＯ−、−ＣＯＮＨ−、−ＮＨＣＯ−、−ＣＯＯＣＨ_２−、−ＣＨ_２ＯＣＯ−、−ＣＨ_２Ｏ−、−ＯＣＨ_２−、又は−ＣＨ_２−を示し、Ａ_５は炭素数１〜２２のアルキル基、アルコキシ基、フッ素含有アルキル基又はフッ素含有アルコキシ基である。）

(In formula [A-8] to formula [A-10], A ₄ represents —COO—, —OCO—, —CONH—, —NHCO—, —COOCH ₂ —, —CH ₂ OCO—, —CH _2. O—, —OCH ₂ —, or —CH ₂ — is shown, and A ₅ is an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group, a fluorine-containing alkyl group, or a fluorine-containing alkoxy group.

（式［Ａ−１１］及び式［Ａ−１２］中、Ａ_６は、−ＣＯＯ−、−ＯＣＯ−、−ＣＯＮＨ−、−ＮＨＣＯ−、−ＣＯＯＣＨ_２−、−ＣＨ_２ＯＣＯ−、−ＣＨ_２Ｏ−、−ＯＣＨ_２−、−ＣＨ_２−、−Ｏ−、又は−ＮＨ−を示し、Ａ_７はフッ素基、シアノ基、トリフルオロメタン基、ニトロ基、アゾ基、ホルミル基、アセチル基、アセトキシ基、又は水酸基である。）

(In Formula [A-11] and Formula [A-12], A ₆ represents —COO—, —OCO—, —CONH—, —NHCO—, —COOCH ₂ —, —CH ₂ OCO—, —CH _2. O—, —OCH ₂ —, —CH ₂ —, —O—, or —NH— is shown, and A ₇ is fluorine group, cyano group, trifluoromethane group, nitro group, azo group, formyl group, acetyl group, acetoxy Group or hydroxyl group.)

（式［Ａ−１３］及び式［Ａ−１４］中、Ａ_８は、炭素数３〜１２のアルキル基であり、１，４−シクロヘキシレンのシス−トランス異性は、それぞれトランス異性体である。）

(In Formula [A-13] and Formula [A-14], A ₈ is an alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and the cis-trans isomerism of 1,4-cyclohexylene is a trans isomer. .)

（式［Ａ−１５］及び式［Ａ−１６］中、Ａ_９は、炭素数３〜１２のアルキル基であり、１，４−シクロヘキシレンのシス−トランス異性は、それぞれトランス異性体である。）

(In Formula [A-15] and Formula [A-16], A ₉ is an alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and the cis-trans isomerism of 1,4-cyclohexylene is a trans isomer. .)

  Specific examples of the diamine represented by the formula (3) include diamines represented by the following formulas [A-25] to [A-30], but are not limited thereto.

（式［Ａ−２５］〜式［Ａ−３０］中、Ａ_１２は、−ＣＯＯ−、−ＯＣＯ−、−ＣＯＮＨ−、−ＮＨＣＯ−、−ＣＨ_２−、−Ｏ−、−ＣＯ−、又は−ＮＨ−を示し、Ａ_１３は炭素数１〜２２のアルキル基又はフッ素含有アルキル基を示す。）

(In the formulas [A-25] to [A-30], A ₁₂ represents —COO—, —OCO—, —CONH—, —NHCO—, —CH ₂ —, —O—, —CO—, or It indicates _{-NH-, a 13} represents an alkyl group or a fluorine-containing alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms.)

  Specific examples of the diamine represented by the formula (4) include diamines represented by the following formulas [A-31] to [A-32], but are not limited thereto.

  Among these, [A-1], [A-2], [A-3], [A-4], [A-5], [A-5], [A-5], [A-5], [A-5], [A-5], [A-5], [A-5], [A-5] The diamines of A-25], [A-26], [A-27], [A-28], [A-29], and [A-30] are preferable.

  The diamine may be used alone or in combination of two or more depending on the liquid crystal alignment properties, pretilt angle, voltage holding characteristics, accumulated charge, and the like when the liquid crystal alignment film is formed.

  The diamine having a side chain for vertically aligning the liquid crystal is preferably used in an amount of 5 to 50 mol% of the diamine component used for the synthesis of the polyamic acid, more preferably 10 to 40 mol% of the diamine component. Is a diamine having a side chain for vertically aligning the liquid crystal, particularly preferably 15 to 30 mol%. When the diamine having a side chain for vertically aligning the liquid crystal is used in an amount of 5 to 50 mol% of the diamine component used for the synthesis of the polyamic acid, it is particularly excellent in terms of improving the response speed and the ability to fix the alignment of the liquid crystal. .

  Examples of the diamine having a photoreactive side chain including at least one selected from a methacryl group, an acrylic group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, a coumarin group, a styryl group, and a cinnamoyl group are represented by the above formula (b). And diamines having side chains. More specifically, examples include diamines represented by the following general formula (6), but are not limited thereto.

（式（６）中のＲ^８、Ｒ^９及びＲ^１０の定義は、上記式（ｂ）と同じである。）

(The definitions of R ⁸ , R ⁹ and R ¹⁰ in Formula (6) are the same as those in Formula (b) above.)

The bonding position of the two amino groups (—NH ₂ ) in Formula (6) is not limited. Specifically, with respect to the linking group of the side chain, 2, 3 position, 2, 4 position, 2, 5 position, 2, 6 position, 3, 4 position on the benzene ring, 3, 4 position, 5 positions. Among these, from the viewpoint of reactivity when synthesizing a polyamic acid, positions 2, 4, 2, 5, or 3, 5 are preferable. Considering the ease in synthesizing the diamine, the positions 2, 4 or 3, 5 are more preferable.

  Specific examples of the diamine having a photoreactive side chain containing at least one selected from a methacryl group, an acrylic group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, a coumarin group, a styryl group, and a cinnamoyl group include the following compounds: Although it is mentioned, it is not limited to this.

（式中、Ｘは単結合、又は、−Ｏ−、−ＣＯＯ−、−ＮＨＣＯ−、−ＮＨ−より選ばれる結合基、Ｙは非置換またはフッ素原子によって置換されている炭素数１〜２０のアルキレン基を表す。）

(In the formula, X is a single bond or a linking group selected from —O—, —COO—, —NHCO—, and —NH—, and Y is unsubstituted or substituted with a fluorine atom. Represents an alkylene group.)

  The diamine having a photoreactive side chain containing at least one selected from the methacryl group, acryl group, vinyl group, allyl group, coumarin group, styryl group and cinnamoyl group is a liquid crystal alignment property when used as a liquid crystal alignment film. Depending on the characteristics such as the pretilt angle, the voltage holding characteristic, the accumulated charge, the response speed of the liquid crystal when the liquid crystal display element is used, one kind or a mixture of two or more kinds can be used.

  In addition, such a diamine having a photoreactive side chain containing at least one selected from a methacryl group, an acrylic group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, a coumarin group, a styryl group and a cinnamoyl group is a diamine used for the synthesis of polyamic acid. It is preferable to use an amount of 10 to 70 mol% of the component, more preferably 20 to 60 mol%, particularly preferably 30 to 50 mol%.

  In addition, as long as the polyamic acid does not impair the effect of the present invention, other diamines other than the diamine having a side chain for vertically aligning the liquid crystal and the diamine having a photoreactive group are used as a diamine component. be able to. Specifically, for example, p-phenylenediamine, 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine, 2,5-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine, m-phenylenediamine, 2,4-dimethyl- m-phenylenediamine, 2,5-diaminotoluene, 2,6-diaminotoluene, 2,5-diaminophenol, 2,4-diaminophenol, 3,5-diaminophenol, 3,5-diaminobenzyl alcohol, 2, 4-diaminobenzyl alcohol, 4,6-diaminoresorcinol, 4,4′-diaminobiphenyl, 3,3′-dimethyl-4,4′-diaminobiphenyl, 3,3′-dimethoxy-4,4′-diaminobiphenyl 3,3′-dihydroxy-4,4′-diaminobiphenyl, 3,3′-dicarboxy-4,4′- Aminobiphenyl, 3,3′-difluoro-4,4′-biphenyl, 3,3′-trifluoromethyl-4,4′-diaminobiphenyl, 3,4′-diaminobiphenyl, 3,3′-diaminobiphenyl, 2,2′-diaminobiphenyl, 2,3′-diaminobiphenyl, 4,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane, 3,3′-diaminodiphenylmethane, 3,4′-diaminodiphenylmethane, 2,2′-diaminodiphenylmethane, 2, 3'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 3,3'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 3,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 2,2'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 2,3'-diaminodiphenyl ether, 4,4 ' -Sulphonyldianiline, 3,3'-sulfonyl Aniline, bis (4-aminophenyl) silane, bis (3-aminophenyl) silane, dimethyl-bis (4-aminophenyl) silane, dimethyl-bis (3-aminophenyl) silane, 4,4′-thiodianiline, 3 , 3′-thiodianiline, 4,4′-diaminodiphenylamine, 3,3′-diaminodiphenylamine, 3,4′-diaminodiphenylamine, 2,2′-diaminodiphenylamine, 2,3′-diaminodiphenylamine, N-methyl ( 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl) amine, N-methyl (3,4'-diaminodiphenyl) amine, N-methyl (3,4'-diaminodiphenyl) amine, N-methyl (2,2'-diaminodiphenyl) Amine, N-methyl (2,3′-diaminodiphenyl) amine, 4,4′-diamino Benzophenone, 3,3′-diaminobenzophenone, 3,4′-diaminobenzophenone, 1,4-diaminonaphthalene, 2,2′-diaminobenzophenone, 2,3′-diaminobenzophenone, 1,5-diaminonaphthalene, 1, 6-diaminonaphthalene, 1,7-diaminonaphthalene, 1,8-diaminonaphthalene, 2,5-diaminonaphthalene, 2,6-diaminonaphthalene, 2,7-diaminonaphthalene, 2,8-diaminonaphthalene, 1,2 -Bis (4-aminophenyl) ethane, 1,2-bis (3-aminophenyl) ethane, 1,3-bis (4-aminophenyl) propane, 1,3-bis (3-aminophenyl) propane, , 4-bis (4-aminophenyl) butane, 1,4-bis (3-aminophenyl) butane, bis ( , 5-Diethyl-4-aminophenyl) methane, 1,4-bis (4-aminophenoxy) benzene, 1,3-bis (4-aminophenoxy) benzene, 1,4-bis (4-aminophenyl) benzene 1,3-bis (4-aminophenyl) benzene, 1,4-bis (4-aminobenzyl) benzene, 1,3-bis (4-aminophenoxy) benzene, 4,4 ′-[1,4- Phenylenebis (methylene)] dianiline, 4,4 ′-[1,3-phenylenebis (methylene)] dianiline, 3,4 ′-[1,4-phenylenebis (methylene)] dianiline, 3,4 ′-[ 1,3-phenylenebis (methylene)] dianiline, 3,3 ′-[1,4-phenylenebis (methylene)] dianiline, 3,3 ′-[1,3-phenylenebis (methylene)] di Nilin, 1,4-phenylenebis [(4-aminophenyl) methanone], 1,4-phenylenebis [(3-aminophenyl) methanone], 1,3-phenylenebis [(4-aminophenyl) methanone], 1,3-phenylenebis [(3-aminophenyl) methanone], 1,4-phenylenebis (4-aminobenzoate), 1,4-phenylenebis (3-aminobenzoate), 1,3-phenylenebis (4 -Aminobenzoate), 1,3-phenylenebis (3-aminobenzoate), bis (4-aminophenyl) terephthalate, bis (3-aminophenyl) terephthalate, bis (4-aminophenyl) isophthalate, bis (3- Aminophenyl) isophthalate, N, N ′-(1,4-phenylene) bis (4-aminobenzamido) ), N, N ′-(1,3-phenylene) bis (4-aminobenzamide), N, N ′-(1,4-phenylene) bis (3-aminobenzamide), N, N ′-(1 , 3-phenylene) bis (3-aminobenzamide), N, N′-bis (4-aminophenyl) terephthalamide, N, N′-bis (3-aminophenyl) terephthalamide, N, N′-bis ( 4-aminophenyl) isophthalamide, N, N′-bis (3-aminophenyl) isophthalamide, 9,10-bis (4-aminophenyl) anthracene, 4,4′-bis (4-aminophenoxy) diphenylsulfone 2,2′-bis [4- (4-aminophenoxy) phenyl] propane, 2,2′-bis [4- (4-aminophenoxy) phenyl] hexafluoropropane, 2, 2′-bis (4-aminophenyl) hexafluoropropane, 2,2′-bis (3-aminophenyl) hexafluoropropane, 2,2′-bis (3-amino-4-methylphenyl) hexafluoropropane, 2,2′-bis (4-aminophenyl) propane, 2,2′-bis (3-aminophenyl) propane, 2,2′-bis (3-amino-4-methylphenyl) propane, 3,5- Diaminobenzoic acid, 2,5-diaminobenzoic acid, 1,3-bis (4-aminophenoxy) propane, 1,3-bis (3-aminophenoxy) propane, 1,4-bis (4-aminophenoxy) butane 1,4-bis (3-aminophenoxy) butane, 1,5-bis (4-aminophenoxy) pentane, 1,5-bis (3-aminophenoxy) pentane, 6-bis (4-aminophenoxy) hexane, 1,6-bis (3-aminophenoxy) hexane, 1,7-bis (4-aminophenoxy) heptane, 1,7- (3-aminophenoxy) heptane 1,8-bis (4-aminophenoxy) octane, 1,8-bis (3-aminophenoxy) octane, 1,9-bis (4-aminophenoxy) nonane, 1,9-bis (3-aminophenoxy) ) Nonane, 1,10- (4-aminophenoxy) decane, 1,10- (3-aminophenoxy) decane, 1,11- (4-aminophenoxy) undecane, 1,11- (3-aminophenoxy) undecane 1,12- (4-aminophenoxy) dodecane, aromatic diamine such as 1,12- (3-aminophenoxy) dodecane, bis (4-aminocyclohexyl) Sil) methane, alicyclic diamines such as bis (4-amino-3-methylcyclohexyl) methane, 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,4-diaminobutane, 1,5-diaminopentane, 1,6-diamino Examples include aliphatic diamines such as xanthone, 1,7-diaminoheptane, 1,8-diaminooctane, 1,9-diaminononane, 1,10-diaminodecane, 1,11-diaminoundecane, and 1,12-diaminododecane. .

  The above-mentioned other diamines can be used alone or in combination of two or more according to properties such as liquid crystal orientation, pretilt angle, voltage holding property, and accumulated charge when the liquid crystal alignment film is formed.

  The tetracarboxylic dianhydride to be reacted with the diamine component in the synthesis of polyamic acid is not particularly limited. Specifically, pyromellitic acid, 2,3,6,7-naphthalenetetracarboxylic acid, 1,2,5,6-naphthalenetetracarboxylic acid, 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic acid, 2, 3,6,7-anthracenetetracarboxylic acid, 1,2,5,6-anthracenetetracarboxylic acid, 3,3 ′, 4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid, 2,3,3 ′, 4-biphenyltetra Carboxylic acid, bis (3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) ether, 3,3 ′, 4,4′-benzophenonetetracarboxylic acid, bis (3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) sulfone, bis (3,4-dicarboxy) Phenyl) methane, 2,2-bis (3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) propane, 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2,2-bis (3,4-dicarboxyphe) Propane, bis (3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) dimethylsilane, bis (3,4-dicarboxyphenyl) diphenylsilane, 2,3,4,5-pyridinetetracarboxylic acid, 2,6-bis (3 , 4-dicarboxyphenyl) pyridine, 3,3 ′, 4,4′-diphenylsulfonetetracarboxylic acid, 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic acid, 1,3-diphenyl-1,2,3 4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid, oxydiphthaltetracarboxylic acid, 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid, 1,2,3,4-cyclopentanetetracarboxylic acid, 1,2,4,5-cyclohexane Tetracarboxylic acid, 1,2,3,4-tetramethyl-1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid, 1,2-dimethyl-1,2,3,4 Cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid, 1,3-dimethyl-1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid, 1,2,3,4-cycloheptanetetracarboxylic acid, 2,3,4,5-tetrahydrofurantetracarboxylic acid 3,4-dicarboxy-1-cyclohexylsuccinic acid, 2,3,5-tricarboxycyclopentylacetic acid, 3,4-dicarboxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthalene succinic acid, bicyclo [3,3,0] octane-2,4,6,8-tetracarboxylic acid, bicyclo [4,3,0] nonane-2,4,7,9-tetracarboxylic acid, bicyclo [4,4,0 ] Decane-2,4,7,9-tetracarboxylic acid, bicyclo [4,4,0] decane-2,4,8,10-tetracarboxylic acid, tricyclo [6.3.0.0 <2,6 >] Ndecane-3,5,9,11-tetracarboxylic acid, 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid, 4- (2,5-dioxotetrahydrofuran-3-yl) -1,2,3,4 -Tetrahydraphthalene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, bicyclo [2,2,2] oct-7-ene-2,3,5,6-tetracarboxylic acid, 5- (2,5-dioxotetrahydrofuryl) -3-methyl-3-cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, tetracyclo [6,2,1,1,0,2,7] dodeca-4,5,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid, 3, Examples include 5,6-tricarboxynorbornane-2: 3,5: 6 dicarboxylic acid and 1,2,4,5-cyclohexanetetracarboxylic acid. Of course, tetracarboxylic dianhydride may be used alone or in combination of two or more depending on the liquid crystal alignment properties, voltage holding characteristics, accumulated charge, and the like when the liquid crystal alignment film is formed.

  In obtaining a polyamic acid by a reaction between a diamine component and tetracarboxylic dianhydride, a known synthesis method can be used. In general, the diamine component and tetracarboxylic dianhydride are reacted in an organic solvent. The reaction between the diamine component and tetracarboxylic dianhydride is advantageous in that it proceeds relatively easily in an organic solvent and no by-products are generated.

  The organic solvent used in the above reaction is not particularly limited as long as the generated polyamic acid dissolves. Furthermore, even if it is an organic solvent in which a polyamic acid does not melt | dissolve, you may mix and use the said solvent in the range which the produced | generated polyamic acid does not precipitate. In addition, since the water | moisture content in an organic solvent inhibits a polymerization reaction and also causes the produced polyamic acid to hydrolyze, it is preferable to use what dehydrated and dried the organic solvent. Examples of the organic solvent used in the reaction include N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-diethylformamide, N-methylformamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N-ethyl-2- Pyrrolidone, 2-pyrrolidone, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, 3-methoxy-N, N-dimethylpropanamide, N-methylcaprolactam, dimethyl sulfoxide, tetramethyl urea, pyridine, dimethyl sulfone, hexamethyl sulfoxide , Γ-butyrolactone, isopropyl alcohol, methoxymethylpentanol, dipentene, ethyl amyl ketone, methyl nonyl ketone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isoamyl ketone, methyl isopropyl ketone, methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, methyl Rosolve acetate, butyl cellosolve acetate, ethyl cellosolve acetate, butyl carbitol, ethyl carbitol, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monoacetate, ethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol, propylene glycol monoacetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether , Propylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol-tert-butyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monoacetate, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, di Propylene glycol monoacetate monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoacetate monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monopropyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoacetate monopropyl ether, 3-methyl-3 -Methoxybutyl acetate, tripropylene glycol methyl ether, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, diisopropyl ether, ethyl isobutyl ether, diisobutylene, amyl acetate, butyl butyrate, butyl ether, diisobutyl ketone, methylcyclohexene, propyl ether, dihexyl Ether, dioxane, n-hexane, n-pentane, n-octane, Ethyl ether, cyclohexanone, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, methyl pyruvate, ethyl pyruvate, methyl 3-methoxypropionate, Methyl ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate, ethyl 3-methoxypropionate, 3-ethoxypropionic acid, 3-methoxypropionic acid, propyl 3-methoxypropionate, butyl 3-methoxypropionate, diglyme, 4-hydroxy-4-methyl -2-pentanone, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol and the like. These organic solvents may be used alone or in combination.

  When the diamine component and the tetracarboxylic dianhydride component are reacted in an organic solvent, the solution in which the diamine component is dispersed or dissolved in the organic solvent is stirred, and the tetracarboxylic dianhydride component is used as it is or in an organic solvent. A method of adding by dispersing or dissolving in a solvent, a method of adding a diamine component to a solution in which a tetracarboxylic dianhydride component is dispersed or dissolved in an organic solvent, and a tetracarboxylic dianhydride component and a diamine component. The method of adding alternately etc. is mentioned, You may use any of these methods. In addition, when the diamine component or tetracarboxylic dianhydride component is composed of a plurality of types of compounds, they may be reacted in a premixed state, may be individually reacted sequentially, or may be further reacted individually. The body may be mixed and reacted to form a high molecular weight body.

  The temperature at the time of making a diamine component and a tetracarboxylic dianhydride component react can select arbitrary temperatures, for example, -20 degreeC-150 degreeC, Preferably it is the range of -5 degreeC-100 degreeC. Moreover, reaction can be performed by arbitrary density | concentrations, for example, the total amount of a diamine component and a tetracarboxylic dianhydride component is 1-50 mass% with respect to the reaction liquid, Preferably it is 5-30 mass%.

  The ratio of the total number of moles of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride component with respect to the total number of moles of the diamine component in the polymerization reaction can be selected according to the molecular weight of the polyamic acid to be obtained. Similar to the normal polycondensation reaction, the molecular weight of the polyamic acid produced increases as the molar ratio approaches 1.0. If it shows a preferable range, it is 0.8 to 1.2.

  The method for synthesizing the polyamic acid used in the present invention is not limited to the above-described method, and in the same manner as the general polyamic acid synthesis method, instead of the tetracarboxylic dianhydride, a tetracarboxylic acid having a corresponding structure is used. The corresponding polyamic acid can also be obtained by reacting by a known method using a tetracarboxylic acid derivative such as acid or tetracarboxylic acid dihalide.

  Examples of the method for imidizing the polyamic acid to form a polyimide include thermal imidization in which a polyamic acid solution is heated as it is, and catalytic imidization in which a catalyst is added to the polyamic acid solution. The imidation ratio from polyamic acid to polyimide is not necessarily 100%.

  The temperature at which the polyamic acid is thermally imidized in the solution is 100 ° C. to 400 ° C., preferably 120 ° C. to 250 ° C., and is preferably performed while removing water generated by the imidation reaction from the system.

  The catalytic imidation of the polyamic acid can be performed by adding a basic catalyst and an acid anhydride to the polyamic acid solution and stirring at -20 to 250 ° C, preferably 0 to 180 ° C. The amount of the basic catalyst is 0.5 to 30 mol times, preferably 2 to 20 mol times of the amidic acid group, and the amount of the acid anhydride is 1 to 50 mol times, preferably 3 to 30 mol of the amido acid group. Is double. Examples of the basic catalyst include pyridine, triethylamine, trimethylamine, tributylamine, trioctylamine and the like. Among them, pyridine is preferable because it has an appropriate basicity for proceeding with the reaction. Examples of the acid anhydride include acetic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, pyromellitic anhydride, and the like. Among them, use of acetic anhydride is preferable because purification after completion of the reaction is facilitated. The imidization rate by catalytic imidation can be controlled by adjusting the amount of catalyst, reaction temperature, and reaction time.

  The polyamic acid ester is a reaction of a tetracarboxylic acid diester dichloride with a diamine similar to the synthesis of the polyamic acid, a suitable condensing agent with a diamine similar to the synthesis of the tetracarboxylic acid diester and the polyamic acid, It can be produced by reacting in the presence of a base or the like. Alternatively, it can also be obtained by previously synthesizing a polyamic acid by the above method and esterifying the carboxylic acid in the polyamic acid using a polymer reaction. Specifically, for example, tetracarboxylic acid diester dichloride and diamine are -20 ° C to 150 ° C, preferably 0 ° C to 50 ° C in the presence of a base and an organic solvent, for 30 minutes to 24 hours, preferably 1 hour. A polyamic acid ester can be synthesized by reacting for ˜4 hours. The polyimide can also be obtained by heating the polyamic acid ester at a high temperature to promote dealcoholization and ring closure.

  When recovering the polyimide precursor or polyimide such as polyamic acid and polyamic acid ester produced from the polyimide precursor or polyimide reaction solution such as polyamic acid and polyamic acid ester, the reaction solution is poured into a poor solvent and precipitated. You can do it. Examples of the poor solvent used for precipitation include methanol, acetone, hexane, butyl cellosolve, heptane, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, ethanol, toluene, benzene, and water. The polymer precipitated in a poor solvent and collected by filtration can be dried by normal temperature or reduced pressure at room temperature or by heating. Moreover, when the polymer which carried out precipitation collection | recovery is re-dissolved in an organic solvent and the operation which carries out reprecipitation collection | recovery is repeated 2 to 10 times, the impurity in a polymer can be decreased. Examples of the poor solvent at this time include alcohols, ketones, hydrocarbons and the like, and it is preferable to use three or more kinds of poor solvents selected from these because purification efficiency is further improved.

  As described above, the liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention comprises at least one selected from a side chain for vertically aligning a liquid crystal and a methacryl group, an acrylic group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, a coumarin group, a styryl group, and a cinnamoyl group. Photopolymerization or photocrosslinking to one or more terminals with a polyimide precursor having a photoreactive side chain and at least one polymer selected from a polyimide obtained by imidizing the polyimide precursor It is sufficient that it has a polymerizable compound having a group and a benzophenone structure and a solvent, and the mixing ratio is not particularly limited, but it has a group that undergoes photopolymerization or photocrosslinking at one or more terminals. The content of the polymerizable compound having a benzophenone structure includes a side chain for vertically aligning the liquid crystal, a methacryl group, an acryl group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, A polyimide precursor having a photoreactive side chain containing at least one selected from a group, a styryl group and a cinnamoyl group, and at least one polymer selected from polyimide obtained by imidizing the polyimide precursor It is preferable that it is 1-50 mass parts with respect to 100 mass parts, More preferably, it is 5-30 mass parts. In addition, a photoreactive material including a side chain for vertically aligning a liquid crystal contained in the liquid crystal aligning agent and at least one selected from a methacryl group, an acrylic group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, a coumarin group, a styryl group, and a cinnamoyl group. The content of at least one polymer selected from a polyimide precursor having a side chain and a polyimide obtained by imidizing the polyimide precursor is preferably 1% by mass to 20% by mass, more preferably 3% by mass. % To 15% by mass, particularly preferably 3% to 10% by mass.

  The liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention is a photoreaction comprising a side chain for vertically aligning liquid crystals and at least one selected from a methacryl group, an acrylic group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, a coumarin group, a styryl group, and a cinnamoyl group. It may contain other polymers other than at least one polymer selected from a polyimide precursor having a functional side chain and a polyimide obtained by imidizing this polyimide precursor. In that case, 0.5 mass%-15 mass% are preferable, and, as for content of this other polymer in a polymer whole component, More preferably, they are 1 mass%-10 mass%.

  The molecular weight of the polymer of the liquid crystal aligning agent is determined based on GPC (Gel Permeation Chromatography) in consideration of the strength of the liquid crystal aligning film obtained by applying the liquid crystal aligning agent, workability during coating film formation, and uniformity of the coating film. ) Is preferably 5,000 to 1,000,000, more preferably 10,000 to 150,000 in terms of weight average molecular weight measured by the method.

  The solvent contained in the liquid crystal aligning agent is not particularly limited, and is at least one selected from a side chain for vertically aligning the liquid crystal, and a methacryl group, an acrylic group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, a coumarin group, a styryl group, and a cinnamoyl group. And a polyimide precursor having a photoreactive side chain, and at least one polymer selected from polyimides obtained by imidizing the polyimide precursor, or photopolymerization or photocrosslinking at one or more terminals Any component that can dissolve or disperse a component such as a polymerizable compound having a group capable of forming a benzophenone structure may be used. For example, the organic solvent which was illustrated by the synthesis | combination of said polyamic acid can be mentioned. Among these, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, γ-butyrolactone, N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, and 3-methoxy-N, N-dimethylpropanamide are soluble. To preferred. Of course, two or more kinds of mixed solvents may be used.

  Moreover, it is preferable to mix and use the solvent which improves the uniformity and smoothness of a coating film in the solvent with the high solubility of the component of a liquid crystal aligning agent. Solvents that improve the uniformity and smoothness of the coating include, for example, isopropyl alcohol, methoxymethylpentanol, methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve, methyl cellosolve acetate, butyl cellosolve acetate, ethyl cellosolve acetate, butyl carbitol, ethyl carbitol Tolu, ethyl carbitol acetate, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monoacetate, ethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol, propylene glycol monoacetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol-tert-butyl ether , Dipropylene glycol monomethyl Ether, diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monoacetate, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoacetate monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoacetate monoethyl ether Dipropylene glycol monopropyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoacetate monopropyl ether, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutyl acetate, tripropylene glycol methyl ether, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, diisopropyl ether, ethyl isobutyl ether, dii Butylene, amyl acetate, butyl butyrate, butyl ether, diisobutyl ketone, methylcyclohexene, propyl ether, dihexyl ether, n-hexane, n-pentane, n-octane, diethyl ether, methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, methyl acetate, acetic acid Ethyl, n-butyl acetate, propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, methyl pyruvate, ethyl pyruvate, methyl 3-methoxypropionate, methyl ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate, ethyl 3-methoxypropionate, 3-ethoxypropionic acid, 3-methoxypropionic acid, propyl 3-methoxypropionate, butyl 3-methoxypropionate, 1-methoxy-2-propanol, 1-ethoxy-2-propanol, 1-butoxy-2-propanol, 1- Phenoxy-2-propanol, propylene glycol monoacetate, propylene glycol diacetate, propylene glycol-1-monomethyl ether-2-acetate, propylene glycol-1-monoethyl ether-2-acetate, dipropylene glycol, 2- (2- Ethoxypropoxy) propanol, lactate methyl ester, lactate ethyl ester, lactate n-propyl ester, lactate n-butyl ester, lactate isoamyl ester, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol and the like. A plurality of these solvents may be mixed. When using these solvents, it is preferable that it is 5-80 mass% of the whole solvent contained in a liquid crystal aligning agent, More preferably, it is 20-60 mass%.

  The liquid crystal aligning agent may contain components other than those described above. Examples include compounds that improve film thickness uniformity and surface smoothness when a liquid crystal aligning agent is applied, compounds that improve the adhesion between the liquid crystal aligning film and the substrate, polymerization initiators and polymerization inhibitors. It is done. The polymerization inhibitor is added to facilitate the handling of a polymerizable compound having a highly polymerizable benzophenone structure or a polymerizable compound having no benzophenone structure.

  Examples of compounds that improve film thickness uniformity and surface smoothness include fluorine-based surfactants, silicone-based surfactants, and nonionic surfactants. More specifically, for example, F-top EF301, EF303, EF352 (manufactured by Tochem Products), MegaFuck F171, F173, R-30 (manufactured by Dainippon Ink), Florard FC430, FC431 (manufactured by Sumitomo 3M) Asahi Guard AG710, Surflon S-382, SC101, SC102, SC103, SC104, SC105, SC106 (Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.) and the like. When these surfactants are used, the use ratio thereof is preferably 0.01 to 2 parts by mass, more preferably 0.01 to 2 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the polymer contained in the liquid crystal aligning agent. 1 part by mass.

  Specific examples of compounds that improve the adhesion between the liquid crystal alignment film and the substrate include functional silane-containing compounds and epoxy group-containing compounds. For example, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 2-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 2-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane N- (2-aminoethyl) -3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, 3-ureidopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-ureidopropyltriethoxysilane, N-ethoxycarbonyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-ethoxy Carbonyl-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-triethoxysilylpropyltriethylenetriamine, N-trimethoxysilylpropyltriethylenetriamine, 10-trimethoxysilyl-1,4,7-triazadecane, 10-to Ethoxysilyl-1,4,7-triazadecane, 9-trimethoxysilyl-3,6-diazanonyl acetate, 9-triethoxysilyl-3,6-diazanonyl acetate, N-benzyl-3-aminopropyltri Methoxysilane, N-benzyl-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-phenyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-phenyl-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-bis (oxyethylene) -3-amino Propyltrimethoxysilane, N-bis (oxyethylene) -3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, propylene glycol diglycidyl ether, tripropylene glycol diglycidyl ether , Polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether, glycerin diglycidyl ether, 2,2-dibromoneopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, 1,3,5,6-tetra Glycidyl-2,4-hexanediol, N, N, N ′, N′-tetraglycidyl-m-xylenediamine, 1,3-bis (N, N-diglycidylaminomethyl) cyclohexane, N, N, N ′ , N′-tetraglycidyl-4, 4′-diaminodiphenylmethane, 3- (N-allyl-N-glycidyl) aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3- (N, N-diglycidyl) aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and the like. . In order to further increase the film strength of the liquid crystal alignment film, a phenol compound such as 2,2'-bis (4-hydroxy-3,5-dihydroxymethylphenyl) propane or tetra (methoxymethyl) bisphenol may be added. When using these compounds, it is preferable that it is 0.1-30 mass parts with respect to 100 mass parts of total amounts of the polymer contained in a liquid crystal aligning agent, More preferably, it is 1-20 mass parts.

  Moreover, a radical polymerization initiator is mentioned as a polymerization initiator. Examples of the radical polymerization initiator include benzoin derivatives and compounds composed of peroxides.

  Preferred examples of the benzoin derivative include (±) -camphorquinone, 2,2-diethoxyacetophenone, 2,4-diethylthioxanthen-9-one, 2-benzoylbenzoic acid, 2-chlorobenzophenone, and 2-chlorothioxanthone. , 2-ethylanthraquinone, 2-isonitrosopropiophenone, 2-isopropylthioxanthone, 2-phenyl-2- (p-toluenesulfonyloxy) acetophenone, 4,4′-dichlorobenzophenone, 4-benzoyl-4′-methyl Diphenyl sulfide, 4-benzoylbenzoic acid, 4-chlorobenzophenone, acetophenone, diphenylethanedione, benzoin, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isobutyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, benzoin methyl ether Ter, benzophenone, dibenzosuberone, 9-fluorenone, methyl 2-benzoylbenzoate, 4,4-dimethoxybenzoyl, 1- (4-isopropylphenyl) -2-hydroxy-2-methylpropan-1-one, Michler's ketone, Examples include “Darocur Series 1173, 4265” and “Irgacure Series 184, 500, 651, 819, 2959” manufactured by Ciba Specialty Co., Ltd. A particularly preferred example of the benzoin derivative is Irgacure 651 manufactured by Ciba Specialty Co., Ltd.

  Preferred examples of the compound consisting of peroxide include Pertetra A, Perhexa HC, Perhexa C, Perhexa V, Perhexa 22, Perbutyl D, Perhexyl D, Parroyl 355, Parroyl L, and Niper BW manufactured by NOF Corporation. , Niper BMT, Parroyl TCP, Park Mill ND, Perocta ND, Perhexyl ND, Perbutyl NHP, Perhexyl PV, Perbutyl PV, Perhexa 25O, Perocta O, Perhexyl O, Perbutyl O, Perbutyl L, Perbutyl 355, Perhexyl I, Perbutyl E, Perhexa 25Z, perbutyl A, perhexyl Z, perbutyl Z, perbutyl ZT, and the like. Particularly preferred examples of the peroxide compound include “Parroyl L, Nyper BW, Nyper BMT, Perocta O, Perhexyl O, Perbutyl O” manufactured by NOF Corporation.

  Moreover, you may combine 2 or more types of these polymerization initiators, and the mixture of benzophenone and Michler's ketone is mentioned as an example of a preferable combination.

  When a polymerization initiator is used, the proportion of the polymerization used is a polymerization compound having a benzophenone structure and a polymerization not having a benzophenone structure in order to prevent the display initiator from acting as an impurity and degrading the display quality of the display element. 10 mass% or less is preferable with respect to the total amount of an ionic compound.

  In addition, when a polymerization inhibitor is added, the proportion of use is based on the total amount of the polymerizable compound having a benzophenone structure and the polymerizable compound not having a benzophenone structure in order to prevent the polymerization inhibitor from acting as an impurity. On the other hand, it is desirable to be 10% by weight or less.

  In addition to the above, the liquid crystal aligning agent is added with a dielectric or conductive material for the purpose of changing the electrical properties such as the dielectric constant or conductivity of the liquid crystal aligning film as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. May be.

  By applying and baking this liquid crystal aligning agent on a substrate, a liquid crystal alignment film for vertically aligning liquid crystals can be formed. The liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention has a photoreactive property including a side chain for vertically aligning a liquid crystal and at least one selected from a methacryl group, an acrylic group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, a coumarin group, a styryl group, and a cinnamoyl group. A polyimide precursor having a side chain, and at least one polymer selected from polyimides obtained by imidizing the polyimide precursor, and having a group that is photopolymerized or photocrosslinked at one or more terminals and Since it has a polymerizable compound having a benzophenone structure, the response speed of a liquid crystal display element using the obtained liquid crystal alignment film can be increased.

  For example, after apply | coating the liquid crystal aligning agent of this invention to a board | substrate, after drying as needed, the cured film obtained by baking can also be used as a liquid crystal aligning film as it is. In addition, this cured film is rubbed, irradiated with polarized light or light of a specific wavelength, treated with an ion beam, etc., and a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal display element after liquid crystal filling as an alignment film for SC-PVA. It is also possible to irradiate UV in such a state.

  At this time, the substrate to be used is not particularly limited as long as it is a highly transparent substrate, glass plate, polycarbonate, poly (meth) acrylate, polyethersulfone, polyarylate, polyurethane, polysulfone, polyether, polyetherketone, Trimethylpentene, polyolefin, polyethylene terephthalate, (meth) acrylonitrile, triacetyl cellulose, diacetyl cellulose, acetate butyrate cellulose, and the like can be used. In addition, it is preferable to use a substrate on which an ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) electrode or the like for driving a liquid crystal is formed from the viewpoint of simplification of the process. Further, in the reflection type liquid crystal display element, an opaque material such as a silicon wafer can be used as long as the substrate is only on one side, and in this case, a material that reflects light such as aluminum can be used.

  The method for applying the liquid crystal aligning agent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include screen printing, offset printing, flexographic printing, and other printing methods, ink jet methods, spray methods, roll coating methods, dip, roll coater, slit coater, and spinner. From the standpoint of productivity, the transfer printing method is widely used industrially, and is preferably used in the present invention.

  The coating film formed by applying the liquid crystal aligning agent by the above method can be baked to obtain a cured film. The drying process after applying the liquid crystal aligning agent is not necessarily required, but if the time from application to baking is not constant for each substrate, or if baking is not performed immediately after application, the drying process is performed. It is preferable. The drying is not particularly limited as long as the solvent is removed to such an extent that the shape of the coating film is not deformed by transporting the substrate or the like. For example, a method of drying on a hot plate at a temperature of 40 ° C. to 150 ° C., preferably 60 ° C. to 100 ° C., for 0.5 minutes to 30 minutes, preferably 1 minute to 5 minutes.

  The baking temperature of the coating film formed by applying the liquid crystal aligning agent is not limited, and can be performed at an arbitrary temperature of, for example, 100 to 350 ° C., preferably 120 to 300 ° C., more preferably 150 to 250 ° C. Firing can be performed at an arbitrary time of 5 minutes to 240 minutes. Preferably it is 10 minutes-90 minutes, More preferably, it is 20 minutes-90 minutes. Heating can be performed by a generally known method such as a hot plate, a hot air circulating furnace, an infrared furnace, or the like.

  The thickness of the liquid crystal alignment film obtained by firing is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 to 300 nm, more preferably 10 to 120 nm.

  And the liquid crystal display element of this invention can produce a liquid crystal cell by a well-known method, after forming a liquid crystal aligning film in a board | substrate by said method. Specific examples of the liquid crystal display element include two substrates disposed so as to face each other, a liquid crystal layer provided between the substrates, and a liquid crystal aligning agent provided between the substrate and the liquid crystal layer. A vertical alignment type liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal cell having the above-described liquid crystal alignment film. Specifically, the liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention is applied onto two substrates and baked to form a liquid crystal aligning film, and the two substrates are arranged so that the liquid crystal aligning films face each other. A liquid crystal layer composed of liquid crystal is sandwiched between two substrates, that is, a liquid crystal layer is provided in contact with the liquid crystal alignment film, and ultraviolet rays are applied while applying a voltage to the liquid crystal alignment film and the liquid crystal layer. This is a vertical alignment type liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal cell to be manufactured. As described above, the liquid crystal alignment film formed of the liquid crystal alignment agent of the present invention is used to irradiate ultraviolet rays while applying voltage to the liquid crystal alignment film and the liquid crystal layer to polymerize the polymerizable compound, and the light possessed by the polymer. A liquid crystal display device in which the alignment of the liquid crystal is more efficiently fixed and the response speed is remarkably improved by reacting the reactive side chains or the photoreactive side chain of the polymer with the polymerizable compound. It becomes.

  The substrate used in the liquid crystal display element of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a highly transparent substrate, but is usually a substrate on which a transparent electrode for driving liquid crystal is formed. As a specific example, the thing similar to the board | substrate described with the said liquid crystal aligning film can be mentioned. A substrate provided with a conventional electrode pattern or protrusion pattern may be used, but in the liquid crystal display element of the present invention, the liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention is used as the liquid crystal aligning agent for forming the liquid crystal aligning film. It is possible to operate even in a structure in which a line / slit electrode pattern of 1 to 10 μm, for example, is formed on one side substrate and a slit pattern or projection pattern is not formed on the opposite substrate. This process can be simplified and high transmittance can be obtained.

  As a high-performance element such as a TFT type element, an element in which an element such as a transistor is formed between an electrode for driving a liquid crystal and a substrate is used.

  In the case of a transmissive liquid crystal display element, it is common to use a substrate as described above. However, in a reflective liquid crystal display element, if only one substrate is used, an opaque substrate such as a silicon wafer may be used. Is possible. At that time, a material such as aluminum that reflects light may be used for the electrode formed on the substrate.

  The liquid crystal alignment film is formed by applying the liquid crystal aligning agent of the present invention on this substrate and baking it, and the details are as described above.

  The liquid crystal material constituting the liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal display element of the present invention is not particularly limited, and a liquid crystal material used in a conventional vertical alignment method, for example, a negative type liquid crystal such as MLC-6608 or MLC-6609 manufactured by Merck Can be used.

  As a method of sandwiching the liquid crystal layer between two substrates, a known method can be exemplified. For example, a pair of substrates on which a liquid crystal alignment film is formed is prepared, and spacers such as beads are dispersed on the liquid crystal alignment film on one substrate so that the surface on which the liquid crystal alignment film is formed is on the inside. Then, the other substrate is bonded, and liquid crystal is injected under reduced pressure to seal. Also, a pair of substrates on which a liquid crystal alignment film is formed are prepared, and spacers such as beads are dispersed on the liquid crystal alignment film on one substrate, and then liquid crystal is dropped, and then the surface on which the liquid crystal alignment film is formed A liquid crystal cell can also be produced by a method in which the other substrate is bonded to the inside so as to be inside and sealed. The thickness of the spacer at this time is preferably 1 to 30 μm, more preferably 2 to 10 μm.

  The step of producing a liquid crystal cell by irradiating ultraviolet rays while applying a voltage to the liquid crystal alignment film and the liquid crystal layer includes, for example, applying an electric field between the electrodes installed on the substrate to apply an electric field to the liquid crystal alignment film and the liquid crystal layer. And applying ultraviolet rays while maintaining this electric field. Here, the voltage applied between the electrodes is, for example, 5 to 30 Vp-p, preferably 5 to 20 Vp-p. The irradiation amount of ultraviolet rays is, for example, 1 to 60 J, preferably 40 J or less, and more preferably 10 J or less. It is preferable that the amount of ultraviolet irradiation be small because it is possible to suppress a decrease in reliability caused by the destruction of the liquid crystal and members constituting the liquid crystal display element, and the manufacturing efficiency is increased by reducing the ultraviolet irradiation time. In the present invention, since the response speed can be increased even with a small irradiation amount, a liquid crystal display element having a sufficiently high response speed can be formed even with a small irradiation amount of about 5 J, for example.

  Thus, when ultraviolet rays are applied while applying a voltage to the liquid crystal alignment film and the liquid crystal layer, the polymerizable compound reacts to form a polymer, and the direction in which the liquid crystal molecules are tilted is memorized by this polymer. The response speed of the obtained liquid crystal display element can be increased. In addition, when ultraviolet rays are applied while applying a voltage to the liquid crystal alignment film and the liquid crystal layer, the liquid crystal aligns from a side chain that vertically aligns the liquid crystal, a methacryl group, an acrylic group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, a coumarin group, a styryl group, and a cinnamoyl group. Photoreactive side chain possessed by a polyimide precursor having at least one selected photoreactive side chain and at least one polymer selected from polyimide obtained by imidizing this polyimide precursor Since the photoreactive side chain of the polymer and the polymerizable compound react with each other, the response speed of the obtained liquid crystal display element can be increased. In the present invention, since the polymerizable compound has a benzophenone structure, the response speed can be increased with a small amount of ultraviolet irradiation, and there is less ultraviolet light compared to the case where a polymerizable compound having a benzophenone structure is not used. The response speed can be increased by the irradiation amount.

  The liquid crystal aligning agent is not only useful as a liquid crystal aligning agent for producing a vertical alignment type liquid crystal display element such as a PSA type liquid crystal display or an SC-PVA type liquid crystal display, but also by rubbing treatment or photo-alignment treatment. It can also be suitably used for applications of the liquid crystal alignment film to be produced.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.

<Polymerizable compound>
(Synthesis of Polymerizable Compound RM1 (5,5- (biphenyl-4,4′-diylbis (oxy)) bis (pentane-5,1-diyl) bis (2-methacrylate))

To a 500 ml eggplant flask equipped with a condenser tube, 14.9 g (80.0 mmol) of biphenol, 35 g (167.0 mmol) of 5-bromopentyl acetate, 41.5 g (300 mmol) of potassium carbonate, and 250 ml of acetone were added to obtain a mixture. The reaction was carried out at 48 ° C. with stirring for 48 hours. After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was poured into 600 ml of pure water to obtain 33.6 g of a white solid. The result of having measured this solid by NMR is shown below. From this result, it was confirmed that this white solid was a compound (RM1-A) shown by the following reaction formula. The yield was 95%.
¹ H NMR (CDCl ₃ ) δ: 1.57 (m, 4H), 1.74 (m, 4H), 1.86 (m, 4H), 2.06 (s, 6H), 4.02 (t, 4H), 4.12 (t, 4H) , 6.95 (d, 4H), 7.47 (d, 4H).

To a 1 L eggplant flask with a condenser tube, 250 ml of ethanol, 18.0 g (41 mmol) of the compound (RM1-A) obtained above, and 100 ml of 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution were added to form a mixture, and the mixture was stirred at a temperature of 85 ° C. for 5 hours. While reacting. After completion of the reaction, 500 ml of water and the reaction solution were added to a 1000 ml beaker and stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature, and then 80 ml of 10% HCl aqueous solution was added dropwise, followed by filtration to obtain 12.2 g of a white solid. The result of having measured this solid by NMR is shown below. From this result, it was confirmed that this white solid was a compound (RM1-B) shown by the following reaction formula. The yield was 83%.
¹ H NMR (DMSO-d6) δ: 1.46 (m, 8H), 1.71 (m, 4H), 3.41 (m, 4H), 3.98 (m, 4H), 4.39 (m, 2H), 6.96 (m, 4H ), 7.51 (m, 4H).

Tetrahydrofuran together with 5.0 g (14.0 mmol) of the compound (RM1-B) obtained above together with 3.2 g of triethylamine (Et ₃ N) and a small amount of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (BHT) (THF) dissolved in 30 ml, stirred at room temperature, and cooled with a water bath, a solution of 3.3 g (32 mmol) of methacryloyl chloride in 20 ml of THF was added dropwise over 15 minutes. After dropping, the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, and the water bath was removed and stirring was continued overnight while returning to room temperature. After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was poured into 200 ml of pure water and filtered to obtain a white solid. This solid was dissolved in chloroform and precipitated with hexane (hexane / chloroform = 2/1) to obtain 2.6 g of a white solid. The result of having measured this solid by NMR is shown below. From this result, it was confirmed that this white solid was a polymerizable compound RM1 represented by the following reaction formula. The yield was 38%.
¹ H-NMR (CDCl ₃ ) δ: 1.56 (m, 4H), 1.74 (m, 4H), 1.82 (m, 4H), 1.97 (s, 6H), 4.03 (m, 4H), 4.20 (m, 4H ), 5.55 (m, 2H), 6.10 (m, 2H), 6.94 (d, 4H), 7.45 (d, 4H).

  (Synthesis of Polymerizable Compound BP1 (4,4 ′-(4,4′-carbonylbis (4,1-phenylene) bis (oxy)) bis (butane-4,1-diyl) bis (2-methacrylate)) )

  In a reaction vessel, 4,4′-dihydroxybenzophenone (20.00 g, 93.4 mmol), potassium carbonate (77.42 g, 560 mmol), potassium iodide (7.75 g, 46.7 mmol), and N, N′-dimethyl. Formamide (200 g) (hereinafter referred to as DMF) was added, and the reaction solution was heated and stirred at 100 ° C. for 5 minutes under a nitrogen atmosphere. Thereto was added dropwise a solution of 4-chlorobutyl acetate (56.24 g, 373 mmol) in DMF (100 g). After completion of the dropwise addition, the mixture was further heated and stirred for 3 hours. The reaction was monitored by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was poured into distilled water (2.4 L), the precipitated solid (BP1-A) was filtered, and 2 with distilled water (1 L). Washed twice.

Next, the obtained solid (BP1-A) was transferred to a reaction vessel, ethanol (410 g), 10 wt% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (290 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred with heating at 85 ° C. for 4 hours. The reaction was monitored by HPLC. After the reaction was completed, the reaction solution was poured into distilled water (1.5 L), acidified with 10 wt% hydrochloric acid, the solid was filtered, and twice with distilled water (1 L). , Washed once with methanol (500 g). The obtained solid was dried under reduced pressure to obtain compound (BP1-B) (27.6 g, yield 82%).
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , δ ppm): 7.78-7.76 (4H, m), 6.97-6.94 (4H, m), 4.04 (4H, t), 3.78-3.73 (4H, m), 1.97-1.90 (4H, m), 1.82-1.75 (4H, m).

Compound (BP1-B) (27.60 g, 77.0 mmol), triethylamine (20.23 g, 200 mmol) and THF (300 g) were added to the reaction vessel, and the solution was cooled to 10 ° C. or less under a nitrogen atmosphere. . A solution of methacryloyl chloride (26.12 g, 200 mmol) in THF (50 g) was gradually added dropwise while paying attention to heat generation. After completion of dropping, the mixture was further stirred at 23 ° C. for 2 hours. The reaction was monitored by HPLC, and after completion of the reaction, extraction was performed by adding ethyl acetate (1 L) and distilled water (1 L) to the reaction solution. Further, the organic layer was washed three times with distilled water (500 g), dried over magnesium sulfate and filtered, and the solvent was distilled off with an evaporator. The obtained crude compound BP1 was recrystallized with a mixed ethanol / hexane solution, and the obtained solid was dried under reduced pressure to obtain compound BP1 (24.5 g, yield 64%).
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , δ ppm): 7.79-7.76 (4H, m), 6.96-6.93 (4H, m), 6.12-6.11 (2H, m), 5.58-5.56 (2H, m), 4.25 (4H, t), 4.09 (4H, t), 1.97-1.86 (18H, m).

  (Synthesis of polymerizable compound BP2 (4,4'-carbonylbis (4,1-phenylene) bis (4- (5- (4-methylene-5-oxotetrahydrofuran-2-yl) pentyloxy) benzoate))

In a 200 ml eggplant flask with a condenser tube, methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (7.61 g, 50.0 mmol), 6-bromo-1-hexanol, 9.1 g (50.0 mmol), potassium carbonate, 13.8 g (100 mmol), and acetone 70 ml was added to form a mixture, and the mixture was reacted at 64 ° C. with stirring for 24 hours. After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was filtered under reduced pressure, and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain a yellow wet solid. This solid was purified by silica gel column chromatography (column: silica gel 60, 0.063-0.200 mm, manufactured by Merck, eluent: hexane / ethyl acetate = 1/1 (v / v)). The solvent was distilled off from the resulting solution to obtain 11.3 g of a white solid. The NMR measurement result of this solid is shown below. From this result, it was confirmed that this white solid was a compound (BP2-A) shown by the following reaction formula. The yield was 90%.
¹ H-NMR (CDCl ₃ ) δ: 1.3-1.7 (m, 8H), 3.67 (m, 2H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 4.03 (t, 2H), 6.91 (d, 2H), 7.99 (d , 2H).

Next, in a 100 ml three-necked flask equipped with a condenser tube, 2.2 g (10.0 mmol) of pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC) and 15.0 ml of CH ₂ Cl ₂ were stirred and mixed, and the compound obtained above A solution prepared by dissolving 2.5 g (10.0 mmol) of (BP2-A) in 15.0 ml of CH ₂ Cl ₂ was added dropwise, and the mixture was further stirred at room temperature for 6 hours. Thereafter, 90 ml of diethyl ether was added to the solution excluding the oily substance adhering to the flask wall and filtered under reduced pressure, and then the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain a dark green wet solid. This solid was purified by silica gel column chromatography (column: silica gel 60, 0.063-0.200 mm, manufactured by Merck, eluent: hexane / ethyl acetate = 2/1 (v / v)). The solvent of the obtained solution was distilled off to obtain 1.3 g of a colorless solid. The result of having measured this solid by NMR is shown below. From this result, it was confirmed that this colorless solid was a compound (BP2-B) shown by the following reaction formula. The yield was 50%.
¹ H-NMR (CDCl ₃ ) δ: 1.3-1.8 (m, 6H), 2.49 (t, 2H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 3.99 (t, 2H), 6.87 (d, 2H), 7.99 (d , 2H), 9.78 (s, 1H).

  Next, 1.25 g (5.0 mmol) of the compound (BP2-B) obtained above, 0.83 g (5.0 mmol) of 2- (bromomethyl) acrylic acid, Amberlyst (registered) was added to a 50 ml eggplant flask equipped with a cooling tube. Trademark) 15 (Rohm End Haas Co., Ltd. trade name) 0.8 g, THF 8.0 ml, tin (II) chloride 0.95 g (5.0 mmol) and pure water 2.0 ml were added to form a mixture, and the mixture was kept at 70 ° C. for 5 hours. Stir to react. After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was filtered under reduced pressure, mixed with 40 ml of pure water, and extracted with 50 ml of diethyl ether. Extraction was performed three times.

The organic layer after extraction was dried by adding anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and the solvent was distilled off from the solution after filtration under reduced pressure to obtain 1.5 g of a colorless solid. The NMR measurement result of this solid is shown below. From this result, it was confirmed that this colorless solid was a compound (BP2-C) shown by the following reaction formula. The yield was 94%.
¹ H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ: 1.3-1.8 (m, 8H), 2.62 (m, 1H), 3.04 (s, 1H), 3.81 (s, 3H), 4.05 (t, 2H), 4.54 ( m, 1H), 5.70 (s, 1H), 6.01 (s, 1H), 7.03 (d, 2H), 7.89 (d, 2H).

To a 100 ml eggplant flask equipped with a condenser tube, 35 ml of ethanol, 1.5 g (4.7 mmol) of the compound (BP2-C) obtained above, and 5 ml of 10% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution were added to obtain a mixture, and the mixture was kept at 85 ° C. for 3 hours. The reaction was carried out with stirring. After completion of the reaction, 300 ml of water and the reaction solution were added to a 500 ml beaker and stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature. Then, 5 ml of 10% HCl aqueous solution was added dropwise, followed by filtration to obtain 1.3 g of a white solid.
Next, 1.1 g of the obtained white solid, Amberlyst (registered trademark) 15 (trade name of Rohm End Haas Co., Ltd.) 1.0 g, and 20.0 ml of THF were added to a 50 ml eggplant flask with a cooling tube to obtain a mixture, For 5 hours with stirring. After completion of the reaction, the solvent was distilled off from the solution after filtering the reaction solution under reduced pressure to obtain a yellow solid. The yellow solid was purified by recrystallization (hexane / ethyl acetate = 1/1 (v / v)) to obtain 0.9 g of a white solid. The NMR measurement result of this solid is shown below. From this result, it was confirmed that this white solid was a compound (BP2-D) represented by the following reaction formula. The yield was 71%.
¹ H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δ: 1.2-1.8 (m, 8H), 2.60 (m, 1H), 3.09 (m, 1H), 4.04 (m, 2H), 4.55 (m, 1H), 5.69 ( s, 1H), 6.02 (s, 1H), 6.99 (d, 2H), 7.88 (d, 2H), 12.5 (s, broad, 1H).

6.1 g (20.0 mmol) of the compound (BP2-D) obtained above, 2.1 g (10.0 mmol) of 4,4′-dihydroxybenzophenone, N, N-dimethyl-4-aminopyridine (DMAP) 0 .1 g and a small amount of BHT were suspended in 80 ml of methylene chloride under stirring at room temperature, and a solution in which 5.2 g (24.0 mmol) of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) was dissolved was added thereto and stirred overnight. The precipitated DCC urea was filtered off, and the filtrate was washed with 0.5N-HCl (50 ml), saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution (50 ml) and saturated brine (100 ml) twice in succession, dried over magnesium sulfate, and then under reduced pressure. The solvent was distilled off to obtain a yellow solid. This solid was purified by recrystallization using ethanol to obtain 6.2 g of a white solid. The result of having measured this solid by NMR is shown below. From this result, it was confirmed that this white solid was a polymerizable compound (BP2) represented by the following reaction formula. The yield was 79%.
¹ H NMR (CDCl3) δ: 1.45-1.95 (m, 16H), 2.58 (m, 2H), 3.07 (m, 2H), 4.05 (t, 4H), 4.54 (m, 2H), 5.64 (s, 2H ), 6.24 (s, 2H), 6.98 (d, 4H), 7.32 (d, 4H), 7.91 (d, 4H), 8.18 (d, 4H).

  (Synthesis of polymerizable compound BP3 represented by the following formula)

In a 1 L four-necked flask, compound [A] (20.00 g, 93.4 mmol), compound [B] (58.33 g, 466.8 mmol), potassium carbonate (77.42 g, 560.2 mmol), N, N '-Dimethylformamide (300 g) (hereinafter referred to as DMF) was added and the atmosphere was replaced with nitrogen, followed by heating and stirring at 100 ° C. The reaction was monitored by HPLC, and after confirming the completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was poured into distilled water (4.5 L), the precipitated solid was filtered, washed successively with distilled water and methanol, and dried under reduced pressure to obtain the compound [C Of 26.2 g (93% yield).
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6, δ ppm): 7.72-7.69 (4H, m), 7.10-7.08 (4H, m), 4.95 (2H, brs), 4.10 (4H, t), 3.76 (4H, t).

Next, the compound [C] obtained above (26.14 g, 86.5 mmol), triethylamine (22.75 g, 224.8 mmol) and tetrahydrofuran (300 g) (hereinafter referred to as THF) were placed in a 1 L four-necked flask. Was replaced with nitrogen, and the reaction solution was cooled to 10 ° C. or lower. Thereto was added dropwise a solution of methacryloyl chloride (27.11 g, 207.5 mmol) in THF (100 g) while paying attention to heat generation. After completion of the dropwise addition, the reaction solution was returned to 23 ° C. and further stirred. The reaction was monitored by HPLC, and after confirming the completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was poured into distilled water (2 L) and extracted with an ethyl acetate / hexane mixed solution. Thereafter, the organic layer was washed three times with brine, and the organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, and then filtered and the solvent was distilled off with an evaporator to obtain a crude product of the polymerizable compound BP3 as an oily compound. 100 g of 2-propanol was added to the obtained crude product, and after crystallization by stirring at room temperature, 10.2 g of polymerizable compound BP3 was obtained by filtration and drying under reduced pressure (yield 27%).
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , δ ppm): 7.80-7.77 (4H, m), 7.00-6.98 (4H, m), 6.16-6.15 (2H, m), 5.61-5.60 (2H, m), 4.54 (4H, t), 4.31 (4H, t), 1.97-1.96 (6H, m).

  (Synthesis of polymerizable compound BP4 represented by the following formula)

In a 200 L four-necked flask, compound [A] (4.62 g, 21.6 mmol), compound [D] (9.00 g, 64.8 mmol), potassium carbonate (17.9 g, 129 mmol), and acetone (50 g) were added. In addition, after purging with nitrogen, the mixture was heated and stirred at 60 ° C. The reaction was traced by HPLC, and after confirming the completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was poured into distilled water (750 L), the precipitated solid was filtered, washed with distilled water and methanol in order, and dried under reduced pressure to obtain the compound [E]. 4.82 g was obtained (yield 63%).
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6, δ ppm): 7.72-7.68 (4H, m), 7.09-7.06 (4H, m), 4.60 (2H, t), 4.14 (4H, t), 3.57 (4H, q), 1.93-1.87 (4H, quin).

Next, the compound [E] obtained above (4.82 g, 14.6 mmol), triethylamine (3.84 g, 37.9 mmol) and THF (50 g) were charged into a 200 mL four-necked flask, and the atmosphere was replaced with nitrogen. The reaction solution was cooled to 10 ° C. or lower. Thereto was added dropwise a solution of methacryloyl chloride (4.18 g, 35.0 mmol) in THF (25 g) while paying attention to heat generation. After completion of the dropwise addition, the reaction solution was returned to 23 ° C. and further stirred. The reaction was traced by HPLC. After confirming the completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was poured into distilled water (600 g), and extracted with a mixed solution of ethyl acetate / hexane. Thereafter, the organic layer was washed three times with 20 wt% potassium carbonate aqueous solution (200 g) and brine, and the organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, followed by filtration and evaporation of the solvent with an evaporator to obtain a crude product of polymerizable compound BP4. It was. After adding 5g of 2-propanol to the obtained crude substance and crystallizing by stirring at room temperature, 4.52g of polymeric compound BP4 was obtained by filtering and drying under reduced pressure (yield 66%).
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , δ ppm): 7.80-7.76 (4H, m), 6.98-6.94 (4H, m), 6.12-6.11 (2H, m), 5.59-5.57 (2H, m), 4.37 (4H, t), 4.16 (4H, t), 2.22 (4H, quin), 1.95-1.94 (6H, m).

  (Synthesis of polymerizable compound BP5 represented by the following formula)

（上記式中、ＡｃはＣＨ_３ＣＯ−を表す。）

(In the above formula, Ac represents CH ₃ CO—.)

In a 1 L four-necked flask, compound [A] (20.00 g, 93.4 mmol), compound [F] (56.24 g, 373 mmol), potassium carbonate (77.42 g, 560 mmol), potassium iodide (7.75 g) 46.7 mmol) and DMF (300 g) were added and the atmosphere was replaced with nitrogen, followed by heating and stirring at 100 ° C. The reaction was traced by HPLC. After confirming the completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was poured into distilled water (2.4 L), and the precipitated solid was filtered and washed with distilled water to obtain a crude product.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6, δ ppm): 7.72-7.69 (4H, m), 7.09-7.06 (4H, m), 4.13-4.06 (4H, m), 3.17 (4H, d), 1.84- 1.72 (8H, m).

Next, the obtained crude product was transferred to a reaction vessel, ethanol (410 g), 10 wt% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (290 g) was added, and the mixture was heated and stirred at 85 ° C. The reaction was traced by HPLC, and after confirming the completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was poured into a 10 wt% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution (500 g), and the precipitated solid was filtered. By washing sequentially with distilled water and methanol and drying under reduced pressure, 27.6 g of compound [G] was obtained (yield 82%).
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , δ ppm): 7.79-7.76 (4H, m), 6.96-6.94 (4H, m), 4.11-4.08 (4H, m), 3.75 (4H, t), 3.49 (2H , s), 1.95-1.90 (4H, m), 1.82-1.77 (4H, m).

Next, the compound [G] obtained above (27.56 g, 76.9 mmol), triethylamine (20.23 g, 200 mmol) and THF (300 g) were charged into a 1 L four-necked flask, and the reaction solution was purged with nitrogen. Was cooled to 10 ° C. or lower. Thereto was added dropwise a solution of methacryloyl chloride (26.12 g, 200 mmol) in THF (50 g) while paying attention to heat generation. After completion of the dropwise addition, the reaction solution was returned to 23 ° C. and further stirred. The reaction was traced by HPLC, and after confirming the completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was poured into distilled water (2.5 L). After standing for a while, the supernatant was removed by decantation, and the solid was separated by adding ethyl acetate / distilled water. The organic layer was further washed three times with distilled water, and then the organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, followed by filtration and evaporation of the solvent with an evaporator to obtain a crude product of polymerizable compound BP5. The obtained crude product was crystallized from 2-propanol / hexane, then filtered and dried under reduced pressure to obtain 17.4 g of a polymerizable compound BP5 (yield 46%).
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , δ ppm): 7.79-7.76 (4H, m), 6.96-6.93 (4H, m), 6.12-6.11 (2H, m), 5.58-5.56 (2H, m), 4.25 (4H, t), 4.09 (4H, t), 1.95-1.90 (14H, m).

  (Synthesis of polymerizable compound BP6 represented by the following formula)

（上記式中、ＡｃはＣＨ_３ＣＯ−を表す。）

(In the above formula, Ac represents CH ₃ CO—.)

To a 1 L four-necked flask, compound [A] (17.00 g, 79.2 mmol), compound [H] (50.00 g, 239 mmol), potassium carbonate (66.09 g, 239 mmol), DMF (200 g) were added, After purging with nitrogen, the mixture was heated and stirred at 100 ° C. The reaction was traced by HPLC. After confirming the completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was poured into distilled water (1.6 L), and the precipitated solid was filtered and washed with distilled water to obtain a crude product.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6, δ ppm): 7.79-7.76 (4H, m), 6.96-6.94 (4H, m), 4.11-4.08 (8H, m), 2.06-1.94 (6H, m), 1.88-1.85 (4H, m), 1.75-1.69 (4H, m), 1.64-1.54 (4H, m).

Next, the obtained crude product was transferred to a reaction vessel, ethanol (350 g), 10 wt% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (245 g) were added, and the mixture was heated and stirred at 85 ° C. The reaction was traced by HPLC, and after confirming the completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was poured into a 10 wt% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution (500 g), and the precipitated solid was filtered. 14.53g of compound [I] was obtained by wash | cleaning one by one by distilled water, methanol, and ethyl acetate, and drying under reduced pressure (yield 51%).
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , δ ppm): 7.79-7.75 (4H, m), 6.96-6.93 (4H, m), 4.10-4.04 (4H, m), 3.71-3.69 (4H, t), 1.90 -1.83 (4H, m), 1.70-1.53 (12H, m).

Next, the compound [I] obtained above (14.53 g, 37.6 mmol), triethylamine (5.33 g, 52.6 mmol) and THF (200 g) were charged into a 1 L four-necked flask, and the atmosphere was replaced with nitrogen. The reaction solution was cooled to 10 ° C. or lower. Thereto was added dropwise a solution of methacryloyl chloride (6.87 g, 52.6 mmol) in THF (25 g) while paying attention to heat generation. After completion of the dropwise addition, the reaction solution was returned to 23 ° C. and further stirred. The reaction was traced by HPLC, and after confirming the completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was poured into distilled water (1.7 L). An ethyl acetate / hexane mixed solvent was added thereto, and the aqueous layer was removed by a liquid separation operation. Further, the organic layer was washed with a 10 wt% potassium carbonate aqueous solution and brine three times in succession, and then the organic layer was dried with magnesium sulfate, followed by filtration and evaporation of the solvent with an evaporator to obtain a crude product of the polymerizable compound BP6. It was. The obtained crude product was washed with 2-propanol / hexane, and the obtained solid was dried under reduced pressure to obtain 13.1 g of a polymerizable compound BP6 (yield 66%).
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , δ ppm): 7.78-7.76 (4H, m), 6.95-6.93 (4H, m), 6.12-6.11 (2H, m), 5.57-5.56 (2H, m), 4.18 (4H, t), 4.06 (4H, t), 1.95-1.92 (6H, m), 1.92-1.76 (6H, m), 1.67-1.28 (6H, m).

  (Synthesis of polymerizable compound BP7 represented by the following formula)

Into a 1 L four-necked flask, compound [A] (20.00 g, 93.4 mmol), triethylamine (24.57 g, 243 mmol) and THF (250 g) were charged, and the reaction solution was adjusted to 10 ° C. or less by purging with nitrogen. Cooled down. Thereto was added dropwise a solution of methacryloyl chloride (29.3 g, 224 mmol) in THF (50 g) while paying attention to heat generation. After completion of the dropwise addition, the reaction solution was returned to 23 ° C. and further stirred. The reaction was traced by HPLC, and after the completion of the reaction was confirmed, the reaction solution was poured into distilled water (2.4 L). The precipitated solid was filtered, washed successively with distilled water and methanol, and then the obtained solid was dried under reduced pressure to obtain 27.6 g of a polymerizable compound BP7 (yield 84%).
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6, δ ppm): 7.86-7.82 (4H, m), 7.42-7.39 (4H, m), 6.34-6.33 (2H, m), 5.97-5.95 (2H, m), 2.03-2.02 (6H, m).

  (Synthesis of polymerizable compound BP8 represented by the following formula)

To a 1 L four-necked flask, compound [J] (25.00 g, 102 mmol), compound [H] (95.53 g, 457 mmol), potassium carbonate (112.3 g, 812 mmol), DMF (300 g) were added, and nitrogen substitution was performed. Then, heating and stirring were performed at 100 ° C. The reaction was traced by HPLC, and after the completion of the reaction was confirmed, the reaction solution was poured into distilled water (2.4 L). Ethyl acetate / hexane was added thereto, the aqueous layer was removed by a liquid separation operation, washed three times with brine, the organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent was distilled off with an evaporator to remove the crude product. Obtained.
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , δ ppm): 7.53 (2H, d), 6.40 (2H, dd), 6.34 (2H, d), 4.19-3.76 (16H, m), 1.87-1.04 (24H, m ).

Next, the obtained crude product was transferred to a reaction vessel, ethanol (770 g), 10 wt% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (1000 g) were added, and the mixture was heated and stirred at 85 ° C. The reaction was traced by HPLC, and after confirming the completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was poured into a 10 wt% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution (880 g), and the precipitated solid was filtered. By sequentially washing with distilled water, methanol and ethyl acetate and drying under reduced pressure, 59.04 g of Compound [K] was obtained (yield 98%).
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , δ ppm): 7.52 (2H, d), 6.47 (2H, dd), 6.34 (2H, d), 4.00 (4H, t), 3.78-3.67 (8H, m), 3.50 (4H, m), 1.89-1.79 (4H, m), 1.67-1.54 (8H, m), 1.43-1.36 (8H, m), 1.09-1.00 (4H, m).

Next, the compound [K] obtained above (59.03 g, 99.9 mmol), triethylamine (47.5 g, 470 mmol) and THF (800 g) were charged into a 2 L four-necked flask, and the reaction solution was purged with nitrogen. Was cooled to 10 ° C. or lower. Thereto was added dropwise a solution of methacryloyl chloride (58.76 g, 450 mmol) in THF (100 g) while paying attention to heat generation. After completion of the dropwise addition, the reaction solution was returned to 23 ° C. and further stirred. The reaction was traced by HPLC, and after confirming the completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was poured into distilled water (3.5 L). Ethyl acetate was added thereto, and the aqueous layer was removed by a liquid separation operation. Further, the organic layer was washed with a 20 wt% potassium carbonate aqueous solution and brine three times in succession, and then the organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, followed by filtration and evaporation of the solvent with an evaporator to obtain 70.7 g of a polymerizable compound BP8. (Yield 82%).
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, CDCl ₃ , δ ppm): 7.53 (2H, d), 6.47 (2H, dd), 6.34 (2H, d), 6.09 (4H, d), 5.56-5.55 (4H, m), 4.22-3.99 (12H, m), 3.77 (4H, t), 2.05-1.06 (36H, m).

  (Synthesis of polymerizable compound BP9 represented by the following formula)

In a 1 L four-necked flask, compound [L] (50.00 g, 180 mmol), compound [H] (338.1 g, 1.62 mol), potassium carbonate (298.4 g, 2.16 mol), DMF (600 g) were added. In addition, after purging with nitrogen, the mixture was heated and stirred at 100 ° C. The reaction was monitored by HPLC, and after confirming the completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was poured into distilled water (3.6 L). Ethyl acetate was added thereto, the aqueous layer was removed by a liquid separation operation, washed with brine three times, and the organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, followed by filtration and evaporation of the solvent with an evaporator to obtain a crude product. .
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6, δ ppm): 7.03 (1H, d), 6.89 (2H, s), 6.85 (1H, d), 4.02-3.78 (24H, m), 1.96-1.04 (36H, m).

Next, the obtained crude product was transferred to a reaction vessel, ethanol (1000 g), 10 wt% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (875 g) were added, and the mixture was heated and stirred at 85 ° C. The reaction was traced by HPLC, and after confirming the completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was poured into a 10 wt% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution (880 g), and the precipitated solid was filtered. It was washed successively with distilled water, methanol and ethyl acetate and dried under reduced pressure to obtain 97.52 g of Compound [M] (yield 73%).
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6, δ ppm): 7.01 (1H, d), 6.88 (2H, s), 6.83 (1H, d), 4.39-4.27 (8H, m), 4.01-3.76 (12H, m), 3.43-2.46 (4H, m), 1.73-1.02 (36H, m).

Next, the compound [M] obtained above (97.52 g, 123 mmol), triethylamine (86.91 g, 859 mmol) and THF (700 g) were charged into a 2 L four-necked flask, and the reaction solution was replaced by nitrogen. Cooled to below ℃. Thereto was added dropwise a solution of methacryloyl chloride (105.8 g, 810 mmol) in THF (85 g) while paying attention to heat generation. After completion of the dropwise addition, the reaction solution was returned to 23 ° C. and further stirred. The reaction was traced by HPLC, and after confirming the completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was poured into distilled water (4.5 L). An ethyl acetate / hexane mixed solution was added thereto, and the aqueous layer was removed by a liquid separation operation. Further, the organic layer was sequentially washed three times with a 20 wt% aqueous potassium carbonate solution and brine, and then the organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, followed by filtration and evaporation of the solvent with an evaporator to obtain 146.7 g of a polymerizable compound BP9. (Yield 99%).
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6, δ ppm): 7.02 (1H, d), 6.89 (2H, s), 6.84 (1H, d), 6.26-6.20 (1H, m), 5.98-5.93 (6H, m), 5.62-5.56 (5H, m), 4.08-3.78 (24H, m), 1.95-1.03 (54H, m).

  (Synthesis of polymerizable compound BP10 represented by the following formula)

Compound [I] (45.26 g, 117 mmol), triethylamine (30.81 g, 305 mmol) and THF (600 g) were charged into a 2 L four-necked flask, and the reaction solution was cooled to 10 ° C. or lower by purging with nitrogen. . Thereto was added dropwise a solution of acryloyl chloride (25.44 g, 281 mmol) in THF (75 g) while paying attention to heat generation. After completion of the dropwise addition, the reaction solution was returned to 23 ° C. and further stirred. The reaction was traced by HPLC, and after confirming the completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was poured into distilled water (4 L). Dichloromethane was added thereto, and the aqueous layer was removed by a liquid separation operation. Further, the organic layer was sequentially washed three times with a 10 wt% aqueous potassium carbonate solution and brine, and then the organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, followed by filtration and evaporation of the solvent with an evaporator to obtain 55.3 g of a polymerizable compound BP10. (Yield 95%).
¹ H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6, δ ppm): 7.66-7.73 (4H, m), 7.04-7.00 (4H, m), 6.31-6.27 (2H, m), 6.18-6.11 (2H, m), 5.92-5.89 (2H, m), 4.12-4.02 (8H, m), 1.77-1.44 (12H, m).

<Preparation of liquid crystal aligning agent>
The abbreviations used in the preparation of the following liquid crystal aligning agents are as follows.
BODA: Bicyclo [3,3,0] octane-2,4,6,8-tetracarboxylic dianhydride CBDA: 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride

3AMPDA: 3,5-diamino-N- (pyridin-3-ylmethyl) benzamide represented by the following formula

PCH: 1,3-diamino-4- [4- (4-heptylcyclohexyl) phenoxy] benzene m-PDA: m-phenylenediamine p-PDA: p-phenylenediamine BEM-S: 2- represented by the following formula (Methacryloyloxy) ethyl 3,5-diaminobenzoate

NMP: N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone BCS: Butyl cellosolve

Moreover, the molecular weight measurement conditions of polyimide are as follows.
Apparatus: Room temperature gel permeation chromatography (GPC) apparatus (SSC-7200) manufactured by Senshu Scientific Co., Ltd.
Column: Column made by Shodex (KD-803, KD-805)
Column temperature: 50 ° C
Eluent: N, N′-dimethylformamide (as additives, lithium bromide-hydrate (LiBr · H ₂ O) is 30 mmol / L, phosphoric acid / anhydrous crystal (o-phosphoric acid) is 30 mmol / L, Tetrahydrofuran (THF) 10ml / L)
Flow rate: 1.0 ml / min. Standard sample for preparing a calibration curve: TSK standard polyethylene oxide (molecular weight of about 900,000, 150,000, 100,000, 30,000) manufactured by Tosoh Corporation, and polyethylene glycol (manufactured by Polymer Laboratories) Molecular weight about 12,000, 4,000, 1,000).

Moreover, the imidation ratio of polyimide was measured as follows. Add 20 mg of polyimide powder to an NMR sample tube (NMR sampling tube standard Φ5 manufactured by Kusano Kagaku Co., Ltd.) and add 1.0 ml of deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO-d ₆ , 0.05% TMS (tetramethylsilane) mixture) Then, it was completely dissolved by applying ultrasonic waves. 500 MHz proton NMR was measured for this solution with the NMR measuring device by the JEOL datum company (JNW-ECA500). The imidation rate is determined based on protons derived from structures that do not change before and after imidation as reference protons, and the peak integrated value of these protons and proton peaks derived from NH groups of amic acid appearing near 9.5 to 10.0 ppm. It calculated | required by the following formula | equation using the integrated value. In the following formula, x is the proton peak integrated value derived from the NH group of the amic acid, y is the peak integrated value of the reference proton, and α is the proton of the NH group of the amic acid in the case of polyamic acid (imidation rate is 0%). This is the ratio of the number of reference protons to one.
Imidation ratio (%) = (1−α · x / y) × 100

(Preparation of liquid crystal aligning agents A1 to A5)
BODA (8.01 g, 32.0 mmol), 3AMPDA (5.81 g, 24.0 mmol), PCH (10.66 g, 28.0 mmol), BEM-S (7.40 g, 28 mmol) in NMP (123.4 g) After mixing at 80 ° C. for 5 hours, CBDA (9.26 g, 47.2 mmol) and NMP (41.1 g) were added and reacted at 40 ° C. for 10 hours to obtain a polyamic acid solution. After adding NMP to this polyamic acid solution (204 g) and diluting to 6% by mass, acetic anhydride (20.3 g) and pyridine (62.8 g) were added as imidization catalysts, and the mixture was reacted at 50 ° C. for 3 hours. This reaction solution was poured into methanol (2700 ml), and the resulting precipitate was filtered off. This deposit was wash | cleaned with methanol, and it dried under reduced pressure at 100 degreeC, and obtained the polyimide powder (A). The imidation ratio of this polyimide was 60%, the number average molecular weight was 16000, and the weight average molecular weight was 39000.

  NMP (24.0 g) was added to the obtained polyimide powder (A) (6.0 g) and dissolved by stirring at room temperature for 5 hours. NMP (20.0g) and BCS (50.0g) were added to this solution, and the liquid crystal aligning agent (A1) was obtained by stirring at room temperature for 5 hours.

  Moreover, 60 mg (10 mass% with respect to solid content) of polymeric compound BP1 obtained above with respect to 10.0 g of said liquid crystal aligning agent (A1) was added, and it stirred for 3 hours and made it melt | dissolve at room temperature. A liquid crystal aligning agent (A2) was prepared.

  Similarly, 54 mg (9% by mass with respect to the solid content) of the polymerizable compound RM1 obtained above with respect to 10.0 g of the liquid crystal aligning agent (A1), and 6.0 mg (with respect to the solid content) of the polymerizable compound BP1. The liquid crystal aligning agent (A3) was prepared by stirring and dissolving at room temperature for 3 hours.

  Similarly, 48 mg (8% by mass with respect to the solid content) of the polymerizable compound RM1 obtained above with respect to 10.0 g of the liquid crystal aligning agent (A1), and 12.0 mg (with respect to the solid content) of the polymerizable compound BP1. The liquid crystal aligning agent (A4) was prepared by stirring and dissolving at room temperature for 3 hours.

  Similarly, 54 mg (9% by mass with respect to the solid content) of the polymerizable compound RM1 obtained above with respect to 10.0 g of the liquid crystal aligning agent (A1), and 6.0 mg (with respect to the solid content) of the polymerizable compound BP2 The liquid crystal aligning agent (A5) was prepared by stirring and dissolving at room temperature for 3 hours.

(Preparation of liquid crystal aligning agent A6)
60 mg (10% by mass with respect to the solid content) of the polymerizable compound RM1 obtained above was added to 10.0 g of the liquid crystal aligning agent (A1), and the mixture was dissolved by stirring at room temperature for 3 hours. Agent (A6) was prepared.

(Preparation of liquid crystal aligning agents B1 and B2)
BODA (8.01 g, 32.0 mmol), 3AMPDA (5.81 g, 24.0 mmol), PCH (10.66 g, 28.0 mmol), m-PDA (3.03 g, 28 mmol) in NMP (110.3 g) After mixing at 80 ° C. for 5 hours, CBDA (8.94 g, 45.6 mmol) and NMP (36.8 g) were added and reacted at 40 ° C. for 10 hours to obtain a polyamic acid solution. After adding NMP to this polyamic acid solution (183 g) and diluting to 6% by mass, acetic anhydride (20.2 g) and pyridine (63.7 g) were added as an imidization catalyst and reacted at 50 ° C. for 3 hours. This reaction solution was poured into methanol (2400 ml), and the resulting precipitate was separated by filtration. This deposit was wash | cleaned with methanol, and it dried under reduced pressure at 100 degreeC, and obtained the polyimide powder (B). The imidation ratio of this polyimide was 60%, the number average molecular weight was 18000, and the weight average molecular weight was 36000.

  NMP (24.0 g) was added to the obtained polyimide powder (B) (6.0 g) and dissolved by stirring at room temperature for 5 hours. NMP (20.0g) and BCS (50.0g) were added to this solution, and the liquid crystal aligning agent (B1) was obtained by stirring at room temperature for 5 hours.

  Moreover, 60 mg (10 mass% with respect to solid content) of polymeric compound BP2 obtained above with respect to 10.0 g of said liquid crystal aligning agent (B1) was added, and it stirred for 3 hours and made it melt | dissolve at room temperature. A liquid crystal aligning agent (B2) was prepared.

(Preparation of liquid crystal aligning agents A7 to A13)
60 mg (10% by mass with respect to the solid content) of the polymerizable compound BP3 obtained above is added to 10.0 g of the liquid crystal aligning agent (A1), and the mixture is stirred and dissolved at room temperature for 3 hours to obtain a liquid crystal alignment. Agent (A7) was prepared.

  Similarly, 60 mg (10% by mass with respect to the solid content) of the polymerizable compound BP4 obtained above was added to 10.0 g of the liquid crystal aligning agent (A1), and the mixture was dissolved by stirring at room temperature for 3 hours. A liquid crystal aligning agent (A8) was prepared.

  Similarly, 60 mg (10% by mass with respect to the solid content) of the polymerizable compound BP6 obtained above is added to 10.0 g of the liquid crystal aligning agent (A1), and the mixture is dissolved by stirring at room temperature for 3 hours. A liquid crystal aligning agent (A9) was prepared.

  Similarly, 60 mg (10% by mass with respect to the solid content) of the polymerizable compound BP7 obtained above was added to 10.0 g of the liquid crystal aligning agent (A1), and the mixture was dissolved by stirring at room temperature for 3 hours. A liquid crystal aligning agent (A10) was prepared.

  Similarly, 60 mg (10% by mass with respect to the solid content) of the polymerizable compound BP8 obtained above was added to 10.0 g of the liquid crystal aligning agent (A1), and the mixture was dissolved by stirring at room temperature for 3 hours. A liquid crystal aligning agent (A11) was prepared.

  Similarly, 60 mg (10% by mass with respect to the solid content) of the polymerizable compound BP9 obtained above was added to 10.0 g of the liquid crystal aligning agent (A1), and the mixture was dissolved by stirring at room temperature for 3 hours. A liquid crystal aligning agent (A12) was prepared.

  Similarly, 60 mg (10% by mass with respect to the solid content) of the polymerizable compound BP10 obtained above is added to 10.0 g of the liquid crystal aligning agent (A1), and the mixture is dissolved by stirring at room temperature for 3 hours. A liquid crystal aligning agent (A13) was prepared.

<Production of liquid crystal cell>
(Sample 1)
Using the liquid crystal aligning agent (A2) obtained above, a liquid crystal cell was prepared according to the procedure shown below. The liquid crystal aligning agent (A2) is spin coated on the ITO surface of the ITO electrode substrate on which an ITO electrode pattern having a pixel size of 100 μm × 300 μm and a line / space of 5 μm is formed, and dried for 90 seconds on a hot plate at 80 ° C. Then, baking was performed in a hot air circulation oven at 200 ° C. for 30 minutes to form a liquid crystal alignment film having a thickness of 100 nm.

  Moreover, after spin-coating the liquid crystal aligning agent (A2) on the ITO surface on which the electrode pattern is not formed and drying for 90 seconds on a hot plate at 80 ° C., baking is performed in a hot air circulation oven at 200 ° C. for 30 minutes, A liquid crystal alignment film having a thickness of 100 nm was formed.

  After spraying a 6 μm bead spacer on the liquid crystal alignment film of one of the two substrates, a sealant (XN-1500T manufactured by Kyoritsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) was printed thereon. Next, the surface of the other substrate on which the liquid crystal alignment film was formed was faced inward and bonded to the previous substrate, and then the sealing agent was cured to produce an empty cell. A negative type liquid crystal (MLC-6608) was injected into the empty cell by a reduced pressure injection method, and an isotropic treatment (realignment treatment of liquid crystal by heating) was performed in an oven at 120 ° C. to produce a liquid crystal cell.

  The response speed immediately after production of the obtained liquid crystal cell was measured by the following method. Thereafter, with a voltage of 20 Vp-p applied to the liquid crystal cell, UV was applied from outside the liquid crystal cell through a 365 nm band-pass filter for 5J, 10J, or 20J, respectively. Thereafter, the response speed was measured again, and the response speed before and after UV irradiation was compared. Table 2 shows the results of the response speed immediately after the production of the liquid crystal cell (denoted as “initial” in the table) and after UV irradiation (denoted as “after UV” in the table).

"Response speed measurement method"
First, a liquid crystal cell was arranged between a pair of polarizing plates in a measuring device configured in the order of a backlight, a set of polarizing plates in a crossed Nicol state, and a light amount detector. At this time, the ITO electrode pattern in which the line / space was formed was at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the crossed Nicols. Then, a rectangular wave with a voltage of ± 4 V and a frequency of 1 kHz is applied to the liquid crystal cell, and the change until the luminance observed by the light amount detector is saturated is captured by an oscilloscope, and the luminance when no voltage is applied is obtained. A voltage of 0% and ± 4 V was applied, the saturated luminance value was set to 100%, and the time taken for the luminance to change from 10% to 90% was defined as the response speed.

(Sample 2)
Except for using the liquid crystal aligning agent (A3) instead of the liquid crystal aligning agent (A2), the same operation as in sample 1 was performed, and the response speed before and after UV irradiation was compared.

(Sample 3)
Except for using the liquid crystal aligning agent (A4) instead of the liquid crystal aligning agent (A2), the same operation as in sample 1 was performed, and the response speed before and after UV irradiation was compared.

(Sample 4)
Except for using the liquid crystal aligning agent (A5) instead of the liquid crystal aligning agent (A2), the same operation as in sample 1 was performed, and the response speed before and after UV irradiation was compared.

(Sample 5)
Except for using the liquid crystal aligning agent (A6) instead of the liquid crystal aligning agent (A2), the same operation as in sample 1 was performed, and the response speed before and after UV irradiation was compared.

(Sample 6)
Except for using the liquid crystal aligning agent (B2) instead of the liquid crystal aligning agent (A2), the same operation as in sample 1 was performed, and the response speed before and after UV irradiation was compared.

  As a result, as shown in Table 2, in samples 1 to 4 to which a polymer such as polyimide having a photoreactive side chain and a polymerizable compound having a benzophenone structure were added, the UV irradiation amount was as small as 5 J. It was found that the response speed was sufficiently improved even with the irradiation dose. This is because the polymerizable compound has a benzophenone structure, so even with a small UV irradiation amount, the polymerization reaction between the polymerizable compounds, the reaction between the photoreactive side chain of the polymer such as polyimide and the polymerizable compound, This is thought to be because the reaction between photoreactive side chains of a polymer such as polyimide proceeds at a stretch.

  Further, in sample 5 using only the polymerizable compound having no benzophenone structure, the response speed was slowed as the amount of ultraviolet irradiation decreased.

  In Sample 6, since a polymer such as polyimide does not have a photoreactive side chain group, even if a polymerizable compound having a benzophenone structure is added, it is sufficient as compared with Samples 1 to 4. Response speed was not obtained. This is because a polymer such as polyimide does not have a photoreactive side chain, so even if a polymerization reaction between polymerizable compounds proceeds due to the benzophenone structure, polymerization occurs with a photoreactive side chain of a polymer such as polyimide. This is probably because the reaction with the functional compound and the reaction between the photoreactive side chains of the polymer such as polyimide did not occur, so that the alignment direction of the liquid crystal could not be sufficiently fixed.

(Preparation of liquid crystal aligning agent D1)
BODA (6.01 g, 24.0 mmol), p-PDA (2.60 g, 24.0 mmol), PCH (6.85 g, 18.0 mmol), BEM-S (4.76 g, 18.0 mmol) were added to NMP ( 81.5 g), and after reacting at 80 ° C. for 5 hours, CBDA (6.94 g, 35.4 mmol) and NMP (27.2 g) were added and reacted at 40 ° C. for 10 hours to obtain a polyamic acid solution. Obtained. After adding NMP to this polyamic acid solution (135 g) and diluting to 6% by mass, acetic anhydride (18.3 g) and pyridine (23.6 g) were added as imidization catalysts, and the mixture was reacted at 50 ° C. for 3 hours. This reaction solution was poured into methanol (1700 ml), and the resulting precipitate was filtered off. This deposit was wash | cleaned with methanol, and it dried under reduced pressure at 100 degreeC, and obtained the polyimide powder (C). The imidation ratio of this polyimide was 60%, the number average molecular weight was 12000, and the weight average molecular weight was 39000.

  NMP (74.0 g) was added to the obtained polyimide powder (C) (6.0 g), and the mixture was dissolved by stirring at 50 ° C. for 12 hours. BCS (20.0g) was added to this solution, and the liquid crystal aligning agent (D) was obtained by stirring at 50 degreeC for 5 hours.

  0.06 g (10% by mass with respect to the solid content) of the polymerizable compound (BP2) obtained above was added to 10.0 g of the liquid crystal aligning agent (D), and the mixture was dissolved by stirring at room temperature for 3 hours. A liquid crystal aligning agent (D1) was prepared.

  Similarly, 0.06 g (10% by mass with respect to the solid content) of the polymerizable compound (RM1) obtained above was added to 10.0 g of the liquid crystal aligning agent (D), and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. The liquid crystal aligning agent (D2) was prepared by dissolving.

<Production of liquid crystal cell>
(Sample 7)
Using the liquid crystal aligning agent (D1) obtained above, a liquid crystal cell was prepared according to the procedure shown below. The obtained liquid crystal aligning agent (D1) was spin-coated on the ITO surface of the ITO electrode substrate on which an ITO electrode pattern having a pixel size of 100 μm × 300 μm and a line / space of 5 μm was formed, and was heated on an 80 ° C. hot plate. After drying for 90 seconds, baking was performed in a hot air circulation oven at 200 ° C. for 30 minutes to form a liquid crystal alignment film having a thickness of 100 nm.

  Moreover, after spin-coating the liquid crystal aligning agent (D1) to the ITO surface in which the electrode pattern is not formed and drying for 90 seconds with an 80 degreeC hotplate, baking for 30 minutes in a 200 degreeC hot-air circulation type oven is performed, A liquid crystal alignment film having a thickness of 100 nm was formed.

  After spraying a 6 μm bead spacer on the liquid crystal alignment film of one of the two substrates, a sealant (solvent type thermosetting epoxy resin) was printed thereon. Next, the surface of the other substrate on which the liquid crystal alignment film was formed was faced inward and bonded to the previous substrate, and then the sealing agent was cured to produce an empty cell. Liquid crystal MLC-6608 (trade name, manufactured by Merck & Co., Inc.) was injected into the empty cell by a reduced pressure injection method, and was subjected to Isotropic treatment (realignment treatment of liquid crystal by heating) in an oven at 120 ° C. to produce a liquid crystal cell.

  The response speed immediately after production of the obtained liquid crystal cell was measured by the following method. After that, in a state where a voltage of 20 Vp-p was applied to the liquid crystal cell, UV irradiation through a band-pass filter of 313 nm was irradiated from the outside of the liquid crystal cell for 20 J. Thereafter, the response speed was measured again, and the response speed before and after UV irradiation was compared. Table 3 shows the results of the response speed immediately after the liquid crystal cell was produced (indicated as “initial” in the table) and after UV irradiation (indicated as “after UV” in the table).

"Response speed measurement method"
First, a liquid crystal cell was arranged between a pair of polarizing plates in a measuring device configured in the order of a backlight, a set of polarizing plates in a crossed Nicol state, and a light amount detector. At this time, the ITO electrode pattern in which the line / space was formed was at an angle of 45 ° with respect to the crossed Nicols. Then, a rectangular wave with a voltage of ± 4 V and a frequency of 1 kHz is applied to the liquid crystal cell, and the change until the luminance observed by the light amount detector is saturated is captured by an oscilloscope, and the luminance when no voltage is applied is obtained. A voltage of 0% and ± 4 V was applied, the saturated luminance value was set to 100%, and the time taken for the luminance to change from 10% to 90% was defined as the response speed. The results are shown in Table 3.

(Sample 8)
Except for using the liquid crystal aligning agent (D2) instead of the liquid crystal aligning agent (D1), the same operation as in sample 7 was performed, and the response speeds before and after UV irradiation were compared.

  Comparing sample 7 and sample 8 in Table 3 with sample 4 in Table 2, sample 4 containing both RM1 and BP2 is very different from sample 8 and sample 7 containing RM1 and BP2 alone, respectively. It can be seen that the effect of improving the response speed is large.

(Sample 9)
The liquid crystal aligning agent (A7) was used in place of the liquid crystal aligning agent (A2), and the response speed before and after UV irradiation was compared by performing the same operation as in Sample 1 except that the firing temperature was changed to 160 ° C.

(Sample 10)
The liquid crystal aligning agent (A8) was used in place of the liquid crystal aligning agent (A2), and the response speed before and after UV irradiation was compared by performing the same operation as in Sample 1 except that the firing temperature was changed to 160 ° C.

(Sample 11)
The response speed before and after UV irradiation was compared by performing the same operation as Sample 1 except that the liquid crystal aligning agent (A9) was used instead of the liquid crystal aligning agent (A2).

(Sample 12)
The liquid crystal aligning agent (A10) was used instead of the liquid crystal aligning agent (A2), and the response speed before and after UV irradiation was compared by performing the same operation as in Sample 1 except that the firing temperature was changed to 160 ° C.

(Sample 13)
The response speed before and after UV irradiation was compared by performing the same operation as Sample 1 except that the liquid crystal aligning agent (A11) was used instead of the liquid crystal aligning agent (A2).

(Sample 14)
The response speed before and after UV irradiation was compared by performing the same operation as Sample 1 except that the liquid crystal aligning agent (A12) was used instead of the liquid crystal aligning agent (A2).

(Sample 15)
The response speed before and after UV irradiation was compared by performing the same operation as Sample 1 except that the liquid crystal aligning agent (A13) was used instead of the liquid crystal aligning agent (A2).

  As a result, as shown in Table 4, even in samples 9 to 15 to which a polymer such as polyimide having a photoreactive side chain and a polymerizable compound having a benzophenone structure are added, the UV irradiation amount is as small as 5 J. The response speed was sufficiently improved even with the irradiation dose.

Claims (7)

  A polyimide precursor having a side chain for vertically aligning liquid crystal and a photoreactive side chain containing at least one selected from a methacryl group, an acrylic group, a vinyl group, an allyl group, a coumarin group, a styryl group, and a cinnamoyl group And at least one polymer selected from polyimides obtained by imidizing this polyimide precursor, and at least one polymer having a photopolymerizable or photocrosslinking group at one or more terminals and having a benzophenone structure A liquid crystal aligning agent characterized by comprising a functional compound and a solvent. The liquid crystal aligning agent according to claim 1, wherein the photoreactive side chain includes a group selected from the following formula (I).

(In the formula, R ¹¹ is H or a methyl group.) The liquid crystal aligning agent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the photopolymerizable or photocrosslinking group is selected from the following formula (II).

(In the formula, R ¹² is H or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and Z ¹ is a divalent alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an alkoxyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms. (It is an aromatic ring or a heterocyclic ring, and Z ² is a monovalent aromatic ring or heterocyclic ring optionally substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an alkoxyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.)   Furthermore, it has at least 1 type of polymeric compound which has a photopolymerizable or photocrosslinking group at one or more terminal, and does not have a benzophenone structure. Liquid crystal aligning agent. A liquid crystal alignment film obtained from the liquid crystal aligning agent according to claim 1. It is a PSA type liquid crystal display element, Comprising: A liquid crystal display element provided with the liquid crystal cell provided with the liquid crystal aligning film obtained from the liquid crystal aligning agent as described in any one of Claims 1-4.   A liquid crystal layer is provided in contact with a liquid crystal alignment film obtained by applying the liquid crystal aligning agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4 to a substrate and firing the substrate, and ultraviolet rays are applied while applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer. A method for producing a liquid crystal display element, wherein a liquid crystal cell is produced by irradiation.