JP5974882B2 - Voltage balance control device - Google Patents

Voltage balance control device Download PDF

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JP5974882B2
JP5974882B2 JP2012273145A JP2012273145A JP5974882B2 JP 5974882 B2 JP5974882 B2 JP 5974882B2 JP 2012273145 A JP2012273145 A JP 2012273145A JP 2012273145 A JP2012273145 A JP 2012273145A JP 5974882 B2 JP5974882 B2 JP 5974882B2
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voltage
battery
battery cell
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cell
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俊也 真保
俊也 真保
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Mitsubishi Motors Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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本発明は、複数の電池セルが、直列に接続されてなる組電池の性能を最大限に発揮させることを可能にする電池セルの電圧バランス制御装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a voltage balance control device for a battery cell that enables a plurality of battery cells to exhibit the performance of an assembled battery that is connected in series to the maximum.

近年、電池に蓄えた電気エネルギーを利用しモータ駆動により走行する電気自動車の普及する兆しが目に見えて顕著になってきている。この電気自動車では充電可能なバッテリに電気エネルギーを蓄え、この電気エネルギーを利用し電動モータを駆動源として走行する。このような電気自動車においては、複数の電池セルが直列に接続されてなる組電池が前記電動モータの電源として用いられており、この組電池では充放電を繰り返すことで劣化の進み具合も異なり各電池セルの放電特性が微妙に異なることになる。しかしながら、このような組電池に対し効率よく充電を行い、電池の性能を最大限発揮できるようにする必要があることから、セル電圧バランス技術により電池セル間の充放電量の違いを修正することで、組電池に対し効率よく充電を行い、電池の性能を最大限発揮できるようにしている。このようなセル電圧バランス技術としては、正極にオリビン構造を有するリチウム金属リン酸塩を用いたセルが複数直列に接続されたリチウムイオン二次電池のＣＰＵ（充電制御装置）において、電圧検知放電制御部によって、複数のセルの何れかの出力電圧が予め定められた満充電電圧となった際に、各セルの出力電圧のうち最低電圧のセルの出力電圧に、当該最低電圧よりも高レベルの高位側電圧のセルの出力電圧を合わせ、全てのセルの出力電圧が等しくなるように均等化制御を行うことによって、セル間の残存容量のバラつきを無くして充電可能容量の減少を防止する技術がある（特許文献１参照）。   In recent years, signs of widespread use of electric vehicles that run by motor drive using electric energy stored in batteries have become visibly noticeable. In this electric vehicle, electric energy is stored in a rechargeable battery, and the electric motor is driven using an electric motor as a drive source. In such an electric vehicle, an assembled battery in which a plurality of battery cells are connected in series is used as a power source of the electric motor. In this assembled battery, the progress of deterioration is different by repeating charging and discharging. The discharge characteristics of the battery cells are slightly different. However, since it is necessary to efficiently charge such an assembled battery and to maximize the performance of the battery, the difference in the amount of charge / discharge between the battery cells should be corrected by the cell voltage balance technology. Therefore, the battery pack is efficiently charged so that the battery performance can be maximized. As such cell voltage balance technology, voltage detection and discharge control is performed in a CPU (charge control device) of a lithium ion secondary battery in which a plurality of cells using lithium metal phosphate having an olivine structure are connected in series to the positive electrode. When the output voltage of any one of the plurality of cells reaches a predetermined full charge voltage, the output voltage of the lowest cell among the output voltages of each cell is set to a level higher than the lowest voltage. A technology that prevents the decrease in the chargeable capacity by eliminating the variation in the remaining capacity between cells by combining the output voltages of the cells on the higher voltage side and performing equalization control so that the output voltages of all the cells are equal. Yes (see Patent Document 1).

特開２０１２−１３５１５４号公報JP 2012-135154 A

従来技術にかかる電池セルのバランス制御では、電池セル間の電圧バラつきが所定値以上となった場合に、組電池内の最低電圧電池セルを基準として、それ以外の電池セルを放電させることによって電池セル間の電圧を平滑化している。しかしながら、組電池の中には充電末期（充電完了近傍期間）にのみ電池セル間の電圧バラつきが拡大する特性を有するものがある。このような特性を有する組電池では、充電末期の短時間しか電圧バランサが動作しないので、電圧バラつきを平滑化しきれない可能性があるという問題点がある。   In the battery cell balance control according to the prior art, when the voltage variation between the battery cells exceeds a predetermined value, the battery cell is discharged by discharging the other battery cells with reference to the lowest voltage battery cell in the assembled battery. The voltage between cells is smoothed. However, some assembled batteries have a characteristic that voltage variation between battery cells is enlarged only at the end of charging (a period near charging completion). In the assembled battery having such characteristics, the voltage balancer operates only for a short time at the end of charging, and thus there is a problem that the voltage variation may not be smoothed.

図５は、充電時における組電池の電圧特性の一例を示すグラフであり、図５Ａは放電側で電圧バラつきが大きくなる組電池の電圧特性、図５Ｂは充電側で電圧バラつきが大きくなる組電池の電圧特性を示す。各グラフの縦軸はセル電圧、横軸は時刻を示し、それぞれ組電池内の最高電圧電池セルＣｍａｘおよび最低電圧電池セルＣｍｉｎの電圧値の時間変化を示している。 FIG. 5 is a graph showing an example of voltage characteristics of the assembled battery during charging. FIG. 5A is a voltage characteristic of the assembled battery in which the voltage variation is large on the discharge side, and FIG. 5B is an assembled battery in which the voltage variation is large on the charging side. The voltage characteristics of are shown. In each graph, the vertical axis represents the cell voltage, and the horizontal axis represents the time, and each represents the time change of the voltage value of the highest voltage battery cell C max and the lowest voltage battery cell C min in the assembled battery.

図５Ａに示す放電側で電圧バラつきが大きくなる組電池では、充電開始直後から電圧バラつきが生じているため電圧バランサが動作する。この結果、電圧バランサの動作時間ＴＢは充電期間中ほぼ全ての期間（たとえば数時間程度）にわたる。一方、図５Ｂに示す充電側で電圧バラつきが大きくなる組電池では、充電開始直後には電圧バラつきが生じておらず電圧バランサが動作しない。そして、充電末期（充電完了近傍期間）に電圧バラつきが大きくなり、この時点から電圧バランサが動作する。この結果、電圧バランサの動作時間ＴＢは充電末期のごく短い期間（たとえば数十分程度）となり、電圧バラつきを解消しきれない可能性がある。 In the battery pack having a large voltage variation on the discharge side shown in FIG. 5A, the voltage balancer operates because the voltage variation occurs immediately after the start of charging. As a result, the operation time T B of the voltage balancer across almost all periods during the charge period (e.g. several hours). On the other hand, in the assembled battery in which the voltage variation is large on the charging side shown in FIG. 5B, the voltage balancer does not operate because the voltage variation does not occur immediately after the start of charging. Then, the voltage variation increases at the end of charging (a period near charging completion), and the voltage balancer starts operating from this point. As a result, the operating time T B of the voltage balancer may not completely eliminate the very short period (e.g. about several tens of minutes), and the voltage variation of the final stage of charging.

本発明は、上述した従来技術の問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、充電末期に電池セル間の電圧バラつきが大きくなる組電池の電圧バラつきを効率的に平滑化することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object thereof is to efficiently smooth the voltage variation of the assembled battery in which the voltage variation between the battery cells becomes large at the end of charging.

上述した問題を解決し、目的を達成するため、請求項１の発明にかかる電圧バランス制御装置は、組電池を構成する直列接続された複数の電池セルの電池電圧のバラつきを制御する電圧バランス制御装置であって、前回充電時の充電完了近傍期間における複数の前記電池セルの電池電圧のバラつきに基づいて、次回充電時において電圧バランス処理対象とする処理対象電池セルを特定し記憶する処理対象電池セル特定手段と、前記処理対象電池セル特定手段によって特定された前記処理対象電池セルに対して、前記次回充電時に前記電圧バランス処理をおこなう電圧バランス処理手段と、を備えることを特徴とする。
また、請求項２の発明にかかる電圧バランス制御装置は、前記処理対象電池セル特定手段は、前記前回充電時の充電完了近傍期間における複数の前記電池セルの平均電池電圧を算出し、前記電池電圧が前記平均電池電圧を上回る電池セルを前記処理対象電池セルとして特定し、前記電圧バランス処理手段は、前記電圧バランス処理として前記処理対象電池セルからの放電をおこなうことを特徴とする。
また、請求項３の発明にかかる電圧バランス制御装置は、前記処理対象電池セル特定手段は、複数の前記電池セルのうち前記前回充電時の充電完了近傍期間における電池電圧が最も高い最高電圧電池セルを前記処理対象電池セルとして特定し、前記電圧バランス処理手段は、前記電圧バランス処理として前記処理対象電池セルからの放電をおこなうことを特徴とする。
また、請求項４の発明にかかる電圧バランス制御装置は、前記処理対象電池セル特定手段は、前記前回充電時の充電完了近傍期間における複数の前記電池セルの平均電池電圧を算出するとともに、複数の前記電池セルのうち電池電圧が最も高い最高電圧電池セルを特定し、前記最高電圧電池セルの電池電圧と前記平均電池電圧との差が所定値以上である場合は前記最高電圧電池セルを前記処理対象電池セルとして特定し、前記最高電圧電池セルの電池電圧と前記平均電池電圧との差が所定値未満である場合は前記電池電圧が前記平均電池電圧を上回る電池セルを前記処理対象電池セルとして特定し、前記電圧バランス処理手段は、前記電圧バランス処理として前記処理対象電池セルからの放電をおこなうことを特徴とする。
また、請求項５の発明にかかる電圧バランス制御装置は、前記電圧バランス処理手段は、前記電圧バランス処理中における複数の前記電池セルの平均電池電圧を算出し、前記充電完了近傍期間において前記処理対象電池セルの電池電圧が前記平均電池電圧よりも低くなった場合は、当該処理対象電池セルへの前記電圧バランス処理を停止することを特徴とする。
また、請求項６の発明にかかる電圧バランス制御装置は、前記電圧バランス処理手段は、前記電圧バランス処理中における複数の前記電池セルの平均電池電圧を算出し、前記充電完了近傍期間外において前記処理対象電池セルの電池電圧が前記平均電池電圧から所定値差し引いた電圧値よりも低くなった場合は、当該処理対象電池セルへの前記電圧バランス処理を停止することを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the object, a voltage balance control device according to the invention of claim 1 is a voltage balance control for controlling variations in battery voltages of a plurality of battery cells connected in series constituting an assembled battery. A processing target battery that identifies and stores a processing target battery cell that is a voltage balance processing target at the time of next charging based on a variation in battery voltage of the plurality of battery cells in a charging completion period during the previous charging It comprises cell specifying means and voltage balance processing means for performing the voltage balance processing on the processing target battery cell specified by the processing target battery cell specifying means at the next charging.
Further, in the voltage balance control device according to the invention of claim 2, the processing target battery cell specifying means calculates an average battery voltage of the plurality of battery cells in a period near the completion of charging at the previous charging, and the battery voltage Is specified as the processing target battery cell, and the voltage balance processing means discharges from the processing target battery cell as the voltage balance processing.
Further, in the voltage balance control device according to the invention of claim 3, the processing target battery cell specifying means is the highest voltage battery cell having the highest battery voltage in the period near the completion of charging at the previous charging among the plurality of battery cells. Is specified as the processing target battery cell, and the voltage balance processing means discharges the processing target battery cell as the voltage balance processing.
Further, in the voltage balance control device according to the invention of claim 4, the processing target battery cell specifying unit calculates an average battery voltage of the plurality of battery cells in a period near the completion of charging at the time of the previous charging, and The highest voltage battery cell having the highest battery voltage among the battery cells is identified, and when the difference between the battery voltage of the highest voltage battery cell and the average battery voltage is a predetermined value or more, the highest voltage battery cell is processed. When the difference between the battery voltage of the highest voltage battery cell and the average battery voltage is less than a predetermined value, the battery cell having the battery voltage exceeding the average battery voltage is determined as the process target battery cell. In particular, the voltage balance processing means discharges the battery cell to be processed as the voltage balance processing.
Further, in the voltage balance control device according to the invention of claim 5, the voltage balance processing means calculates an average battery voltage of the plurality of the battery cells during the voltage balance processing, and the processing target in the period near the completion of charging. When the battery voltage of the battery cell becomes lower than the average battery voltage, the voltage balance process to the processing target battery cell is stopped.
Further, in the voltage balance control device according to the invention of claim 6, the voltage balance processing means calculates an average battery voltage of the plurality of battery cells during the voltage balance processing, and the processing is performed outside the period near the completion of charging. When the battery voltage of the target battery cell becomes lower than a voltage value obtained by subtracting a predetermined value from the average battery voltage, the voltage balance processing to the processing target battery cell is stopped.

請求項１の発明によれば、前回充電時の充電完了近傍期間における電池電圧のバラつきに基づいて、次回充電時において電圧バランス処理対象とする処理対象電池セルを特定・記憶して、次回充電時に処理対象電池セルに対して電圧バランス処理をおこなう。これにより、充電完了近傍期間（充電末期）に電圧バラつきが増大する組電池の電圧バラつきを効率的に平滑化することができる。
請求項２の発明によれば、電池電圧が平均電池電圧を上回る電池セルを処理対象電池セルとして特定する。これにより、前回充電時に電池セルの電池電圧のバラつきが小さい場合でも、次回充電時に電圧バランス処理をおこなうことができる。
請求項３の発明によれば、前回充電時の充電完了近傍期間における電池電圧が最も高い最高電圧電池セルを処理対象電池セルとして特定する。これにより、特定の電池セルの電池電圧が極端に高い場合に、当該最高電圧電池セルのみを処理対象電池セルとするので、不必要な電力消費を抑制し、効率的に電圧バラつきを平滑化することができる。
請求項４の発明によれば、最高電圧電池セルの電池電圧と平均電池電圧との差が所定値以上である場合は最高電圧電池セルを処理対象電池セルとして特定し、最高電圧電池セルの電池電圧と平均電池電圧との差が所定値未満である場合は電池電圧が平均電池電圧を上回る電池セルを処理対象電池セルとして特定する。これにより、特定の電池セルの電池電圧が極端に高い場合にはその電池セルのみを、電池セルの電池電圧のバラつきが小さい場合には平均電池電圧を上回る電池セルを処理対象電池セルとするので、効率的に電圧バラつきを平滑化することができる。
請求項５の発明によれば、充電完了近傍期間において処理対象電池セルの電池電圧が平均電池電圧よりも低くなった場合は、当該処理対象電池セルへの電圧バランス処理を停止する。これにより、処理対象電池セルの電池電圧を下げすぎることなく組電池全体の電池電圧を平滑化することができる。
請求項６の発明によれば、充電完了近傍期間外において処理対象電池セルの電池電圧が平均電池電圧から所定値差し引いた電圧値よりも低くなった場合は、当該処理対象電池セルへの電圧バランス処理を停止する。これにより、充電完了近傍期間になる前に処理対象電池セルの電池電圧が平均電池電圧を大きく下回った場合には電圧バランス処理を停止して、電圧バランス処理によって電圧バラつきが拡大してしまうのを防止することができる。 According to the invention of claim 1, based on the variation in battery voltage in the period near the completion of charging at the previous charging, the processing target battery cell to be subjected to voltage balance processing at the next charging is specified and stored, and at the next charging A voltage balance process is performed with respect to a process target battery cell. Thereby, the voltage variation of the assembled battery in which the voltage variation increases in the period near the completion of charging (the end of charging) can be smoothed efficiently.
According to invention of Claim 2, the battery cell in which a battery voltage exceeds an average battery voltage is specified as a process target battery cell. Thereby, even when the variation in the battery voltage of the battery cell is small at the time of the previous charge, the voltage balance process can be performed at the next charge.
According to invention of Claim 3, the highest voltage battery cell with the highest battery voltage in the period near the completion of charge at the time of last charge is specified as a process target battery cell. Thereby, when the battery voltage of a specific battery cell is extremely high, only the highest voltage battery cell is set as a processing target battery cell, so that unnecessary power consumption is suppressed and the voltage variation is efficiently smoothed. be able to.
According to the invention of claim 4, when the difference between the battery voltage of the highest voltage battery cell and the average battery voltage is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the highest voltage battery cell is specified as the battery cell to be processed, and the battery of the highest voltage battery cell When the difference between the voltage and the average battery voltage is less than a predetermined value, the battery cell whose battery voltage exceeds the average battery voltage is specified as the processing target battery cell. As a result, when the battery voltage of a specific battery cell is extremely high, only that battery cell is selected as the battery cell to be processed, and when the variation in battery voltage of the battery cell is small, the battery cell exceeding the average battery voltage is set as the processing battery cell. The voltage variation can be smoothed efficiently.
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, when the battery voltage of the processing target battery cell becomes lower than the average battery voltage in the period near the completion of charging, the voltage balance processing to the processing target battery cell is stopped. Thereby, the battery voltage of the whole assembled battery can be smoothed without reducing the battery voltage of the battery cell to be processed too much.
According to the invention of claim 6, when the battery voltage of the processing target battery cell is lower than the voltage value obtained by subtracting the predetermined value from the average battery voltage outside the period near the completion of charging, the voltage balance to the processing target battery cell is Stop processing. As a result, if the battery voltage of the battery cell to be processed falls greatly below the average battery voltage before the period near the completion of charging, the voltage balance process is stopped, and the voltage variation increases due to the voltage balance process. Can be prevented.

実施の形態にかかる電圧バランス制御装置１００の構成を示すブロック図である。It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the voltage balance control apparatus 100 concerning embodiment. セル制御ユニット６，７，８，９の構成を示す回路図である。3 is a circuit diagram showing a configuration of cell control units 6, 7, 8, and 9. FIG. 電圧バランス制御装置１００による処理の手順を示すフローチャートである。4 is a flowchart showing a procedure of processing by the voltage balance control device 100. 電圧バランサの停止判定処理の手順を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the procedure of the stop determination process of a voltage balancer. 充電時における組電池の電圧特性の一例を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows an example of the voltage characteristic of the assembled battery at the time of charge.

以下に添付図面を参照して、この発明にかかる電圧バランス制御装置の好適な実施の形態を詳細に説明する。   Exemplary embodiments of a voltage balance control device according to the present invention will be explained below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

（実施の形態）
図１は、実施の形態にかかる電圧バランス制御装置１００の構成を示すブロック図である。本実施の形態において、電圧バランス制御装置１００は、複数の電池セル１，２，３，４が直列接続されて構成された組電池の電圧バラつきを制御する。電圧バランス制御装置１００で制御対象とする組電池は、図５Ｂに示すように充電側で電圧バラつきが大きくなる電圧特性を有するものとする。 (Embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a voltage balance control device 100 according to the embodiment. In the present embodiment, the voltage balance control device 100 controls the voltage variation of an assembled battery configured by connecting a plurality of battery cells 1, 2, 3, 4 in series. Assume that the battery pack to be controlled by the voltage balance control device 100 has voltage characteristics that increase the voltage variation on the charging side as shown in FIG. 5B.

電圧バランス制御装置１００は、組電池を構成する複数の電池セル１，２，３，４のそれぞれに対し電圧をモニタし、また、負荷抵抗（６２，７２，８２，９２）により各電池セルの放電を行うセル制御ユニット６，７，８，９と、セル制御ユニット６，７，８，９においてモニタされたモニタ電圧値により負荷抵抗（６２，７２，８２，９２）の放電を制御するＢＭＵ１１とを備えている。組電池（電池セル１，２，３，４）は、たとえば電動車の駆動電力を蓄電するためのバッテリであり、車載充電器１０によって充電される。車載充電器１０は、商用電源１２から電力の供給を受けて組電池の充電をおこなう。   The voltage balance control device 100 monitors the voltage for each of the plurality of battery cells 1, 2, 3, and 4 constituting the assembled battery, and each load cell (62, 72, 82, 92) The cell control units 6, 7, 8, 9 that perform discharge, and the BMU 11 that controls the discharge of the load resistors (62, 72, 82, 92) according to the monitor voltage value monitored in the cell control units 6, 7, 8, 9. And. The assembled battery (battery cells 1, 2, 3, 4) is, for example, a battery for storing drive power of an electric vehicle and is charged by the in-vehicle charger 10. The on-vehicle charger 10 receives power from the commercial power source 12 and charges the assembled battery.

図２は、セル制御ユニット６，７，８，９の構成を示す回路図である。図２においてセル制御ユニット６は、スイッチ回路６１、負荷抵抗回路６２、セル電圧モニタ６３を備えている。なお、図２では、便宜上スイッチ回路（６１，７１，８１，９１）とＢＭＵ１１との接続の図示を省略している。   FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing the configuration of the cell control units 6, 7, 8, 9. In FIG. 2, the cell control unit 6 includes a switch circuit 61, a load resistance circuit 62, and a cell voltage monitor 63. In FIG. 2, illustration of connection between the switch circuit (61, 71, 81, 91) and the BMU 11 is omitted for convenience.

スイッチ回路６１は、ＢＭＵ１１から出力される制御信号をもとに閉成される常開接点により構成されている。負荷抵抗回路６２は、抵抗値が固定された固定抵抗である。セル電圧モニタ６３は、電池セル１の正極側出力端子と負極側出力端子とへパラレルに接続されており、電池セル１の電池電圧を検出する。セル電圧モニタ６３により検出された電池セル１の電池電圧はＢＭＵ１１へ出力される。   The switch circuit 61 includes a normally open contact that is closed based on a control signal output from the BMU 11. The load resistance circuit 62 is a fixed resistor having a fixed resistance value. The cell voltage monitor 63 is connected in parallel to the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal of the battery cell 1 and detects the battery voltage of the battery cell 1. The battery voltage of the battery cell 1 detected by the cell voltage monitor 63 is output to the BMU 11.

スイッチ回路６１と負荷抵抗回路６２とは直列に接続され電池セル１のセル放電回路を構成する。負荷抵抗回路６２での放電は、組電池内の電池セル１，２，３，４の電池電圧のバランスをとるためにおこなわれるので、スイッチ回路６１と負荷抵抗回路６２によって構成されるセル放電回路を「電圧バランサ」と呼ぶ。スイッチ回路６１の負荷抵抗回路６２と接続されていない他方の端子は電池セル１の正極側出力端子へ接続され、また、負荷抵抗回路６２のスイッチ回路６１と接続されていない他方の端子は電池セル１の負極側出力端子へ接続されている。   The switch circuit 61 and the load resistance circuit 62 are connected in series to constitute a cell discharge circuit of the battery cell 1. Since the discharge in the load resistance circuit 62 is performed in order to balance the battery voltages of the battery cells 1, 2, 3, and 4 in the assembled battery, the cell discharge circuit constituted by the switch circuit 61 and the load resistance circuit 62. Is called a “voltage balancer”. The other terminal of the switch circuit 61 not connected to the load resistance circuit 62 is connected to the positive output terminal of the battery cell 1, and the other terminal of the load resistance circuit 62 not connected to the switch circuit 61 is the battery cell. 1 to the negative output terminal.

以下、セル制御ユニット７，８，９は、それらに接続される電池セルが電池セル２，３，４である点以外は、セル制御ユニット６と同様の構成であるため、重複する説明は省略する。なお、セル制御ユニット７，８，９におけるスイッチ回路、負荷抵抗回路、セル電圧モニタを符号を変えて区別した。具体的には、スイッチ回路７１，８１，９１、負荷抵抗回路７２，８２，９２、セル電圧モニタ７３，８３，９３とした。   Hereinafter, the cell control units 7, 8, 9 have the same configuration as the cell control unit 6 except that the battery cells connected to them are the battery cells 2, 3, 4. To do. In addition, the switch circuit, the load resistance circuit, and the cell voltage monitor in the cell control units 7, 8, and 9 are distinguished from each other by changing signs. Specifically, switch circuits 71, 81, 91, load resistance circuits 72, 82, 92, and cell voltage monitors 73, 83, 93 are used.

スイッチ回路１０１は車載充電器１０に直列に接続されている。そして、車載充電器１０の正極側出力端子がスイッチ回路１０１を介して、複数の電池セル１，２，３，４から構成される組電池の正極側出力端子へ接続され、また車載充電器１０の負極側出力端子が前記組電池の負極側出力端子へ接続されている。スイッチ回路１０１は、複数の電池セル１，２，３，４から構成される組電池に対し車載充電器１０により充電をおこなう充電回路を構成している。   The switch circuit 101 is connected to the in-vehicle charger 10 in series. Then, the positive side output terminal of the in-vehicle charger 10 is connected to the positive side output terminal of the assembled battery including a plurality of battery cells 1, 2, 3, 4 via the switch circuit 101. Is connected to the negative output terminal of the battery pack. The switch circuit 101 constitutes a charging circuit that charges an assembled battery composed of a plurality of battery cells 1, 2, 3, 4 by the in-vehicle charger 10.

スイッチ回路１０１は、ＢＭＵ１１から出力される制御信号をもとに閉成される常開接点により構成されている。   The switch circuit 101 includes a normally open contact that is closed based on a control signal output from the BMU 11.

図１の説明に戻り、ＢＭＵ１１は、ＣＰＵ、制御プログラムなどを格納・記憶するＲＯＭ、制御プログラムの作動領域としてのＲＡＭ、各種データを書き換え可能に保持するＥＥＰＲＯＭ、周辺回路等とのインターフェースを取るインターフェース部などを含んで構成される。ＢＭＵ１１は、複数の電池セル１，２，３，４からたとえば電動車の電動モータへ供給される電力を制御する制御ＥＣＵであり、各種データを受信し、受信したデータを解析し、各種指令を送信する。   Returning to the description of FIG. 1, the BMU 11 is an interface that interfaces with a CPU, a ROM that stores and stores a control program, a RAM as an operation area of the control program, an EEPROM that holds various data in a rewritable manner, and peripheral circuits. Part. The BMU 11 is a control ECU that controls electric power supplied from a plurality of battery cells 1, 2, 3, 4 to, for example, an electric motor of an electric vehicle. The BMU 11 receives various data, analyzes the received data, and issues various commands. Send.

さらに、ＢＭＵ１１は、上記ＣＰＵが上記制御プログラムを実行することによって、処理対象電池セル特定手段１３１および電圧バランス処理手段１３２を実現する。
処理対象電池セル特定手段１３１は、前回充電時の充電完了近傍期間における複数の電池セル１，２，３，４の電池電圧のバラつきに基づいて、次回充電時において電圧バランス処理対象とする処理対象電池セルを特定し記憶する。処理対象電池セル特定手段１３１は、各電池セル１，２，３，４に対応して設けられたセル電圧モニタ６３，７３，８３，９３から電池電圧を取得して、電池電圧のバラつきをモニタし、処理対象電池セルを特定する。そして、記憶部１３１ａに特定した処理対象電池セルを記憶する。より詳細には、電池セル１，２，３，４にはそれぞれ識別番号が付与されており、処理対象電池セル特定手段１３１は、処理対象電池セルとして特定した電池セルの識別番号を記憶部１３１ａに記憶する。 Further, the BMU 11 implements the processing target battery cell specifying unit 131 and the voltage balance processing unit 132 by the CPU executing the control program.
The processing target battery cell specifying unit 131 is a processing target to be a voltage balance processing target at the next charging based on the variation in the battery voltage of the plurality of battery cells 1, 2, 3, and 4 in the period near the completion of charging at the previous charging. Identify and store battery cells. The processing target battery cell specifying unit 131 acquires the battery voltage from the cell voltage monitors 63, 73, 83, and 93 provided corresponding to the battery cells 1, 2, 3, and 4, and monitors the variation in the battery voltage. Then, the processing target battery cell is specified. And the process target battery cell specified in the memory | storage part 131a is memorize | stored. More specifically, each battery cell 1, 2, 3, 4 is assigned an identification number, and the processing target battery cell specifying unit 131 stores the identification number of the battery cell specified as the processing target battery cell in the storage unit 131a. To remember.

充電完了近傍期間とは、たとえば電池セル１，２，３，４の残存蓄電量が当該電池セルのＳＯＣ（Ｓｔａｔｅ Ｏｆ Ｃｈａｒｇｅ）１００％に近いＳＯＣ基準値（たとえばＳＯＣ９０％）以上となった期間をいう。この場合、充電完了近傍期間であるか否かは、たとえば電池セル１，２，３，４の電池電圧がＳＯＣ基準値に対応する電池電圧になったか否かによって判断する。電池セル１，２，３，４の電池電圧とＳＯＣとの関係は、あらかじめＢＭＵ１１にマップとして保持しておく。   The period near charging completion is a period in which, for example, the remaining charged amount of the battery cell 1, 2, 3, 4 is equal to or higher than the SOC reference value (for example, SOC 90%) close to 100% of the SOC (State Of Charge) Say. In this case, whether or not it is a period near the completion of charging is determined, for example, based on whether or not the battery voltage of the battery cells 1, 2, 3, and 4 has reached the battery voltage corresponding to the SOC reference value. The relationship between the battery voltage of the battery cells 1, 2, 3, and 4 and the SOC is previously stored in the BMU 11 as a map.

処理対象電池セル特定手段１３１は、たとえば前回充電時の充電完了近傍期間における複数の電池セル１，２，３，４の平均電池電圧を算出し、電池電圧が平均電池電圧を上回る電池セルを処理対象電池セルとして特定する。この方法によれば、前回充電時に電池セル１，２，３，４の電池電圧のバラつきが小さい場合でも、次回充電時に電圧バランス処理をおこなうことができる。   The processing target battery cell specifying unit 131 calculates, for example, the average battery voltage of the plurality of battery cells 1, 2, 3, and 4 in the period near the completion of charging at the previous charging, and processes the battery cells whose battery voltage exceeds the average battery voltage. It is specified as the target battery cell. According to this method, even when the battery voltage of the battery cells 1, 2, 3, and 4 is small during the previous charging, the voltage balance process can be performed during the next charging.

また、処理対象電池セル特定手段１３１は、たとえば複数の電池セル１，２，３，４のうち前回充電時の充電完了近傍期間における電池電圧が最も高い最高電圧電池セルを処理対象電池セルとして特定するようにしてもよい。この方法によれば、特定の電池セルの電池電圧が極端に高い場合に、当該最高電圧電池セルのみを処理対象電池セルとするので、不必要な電力消費を抑制し、効率的に電圧バラつきを平滑化することができる。   Further, the processing target battery cell specifying unit 131 specifies, for example, the highest voltage battery cell having the highest battery voltage in the period near the completion of charging at the previous charging among the plurality of battery cells 1, 2, 3, 4 as the processing target battery cell. You may make it do. According to this method, when the battery voltage of a specific battery cell is extremely high, only the highest voltage battery cell is set as a processing target battery cell, so that unnecessary power consumption is suppressed and voltage variation is efficiently performed. Can be smoothed.

さらに、処理対象電池セル特定手段１３１は、たとえば前回充電時の充電完了近傍期間における複数の電池セル１，２，３，４の平均電池電圧を算出するとともに、複数の電池セル１，２，３，４のうち電池電圧が最も高い最高電圧電池セルを特定し、最高電圧電池セルの電池電圧と平均電池電圧との差が所定値以上である場合は最高電圧電池セルを処理対象電池セルとして特定し、最高電圧電池セルの電池電圧と平均電池電圧との差が所定値未満である場合は電池電圧が平均電池電圧を上回る電池セルを処理対象電池セルとして特定するようにしてもよい。この方法によれば、特定の電池セルの電池電圧が極端に高い場合にはその電池セルのみを、電池セルの電池電圧のバラつきが小さい場合には平均電池電圧を上回る電池セルを処理対象電池セルとするので、効率的に電圧バラつきを平滑化することができる。   Furthermore, the processing target battery cell specifying unit 131 calculates, for example, the average battery voltage of the plurality of battery cells 1, 2, 3, and 4 in the period near the completion of charging at the time of the previous charging, and the plurality of battery cells 1, 2, 3 , 4 identifies the highest voltage battery cell with the highest battery voltage, and if the difference between the battery voltage of the highest voltage battery cell and the average battery voltage is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, identifies the highest voltage battery cell as the battery cell to be processed Then, when the difference between the battery voltage of the highest voltage battery cell and the average battery voltage is less than a predetermined value, the battery cell whose battery voltage exceeds the average battery voltage may be specified as the processing target battery cell. According to this method, when the battery voltage of a specific battery cell is extremely high, only the battery cell is treated, and when the variation in the battery voltage of the battery cell is small, the battery cell exceeding the average battery voltage is treated. Therefore, the voltage variation can be smoothed efficiently.

電圧バランス処理手段１３２は、処理対象電池セル特定手段１３１によって特定された処理対象電池セルに対して、次回充電時に電圧バランス処理をおこなう。電圧バランス処理とは、具体的には処理対象電池セルからの放電である。電圧バランス処理手段１３２は、スイッチ回路６１，７１，８１，９１を制御して（処理対象電池セルに対応するスイッチ回路６１，７１，８１，９１をオンにして）、処理対象電池セルに蓄電された電力を負荷抵抗回路６２，７２，８２，９２で放電させることにより、電圧バランス処理をおこなう。   The voltage balance processing unit 132 performs voltage balance processing on the processing target battery cell specified by the processing target battery cell specifying unit 131 at the next charging. The voltage balance process is specifically a discharge from the battery cell to be processed. The voltage balance processing means 132 controls the switch circuits 61, 71, 81, 91 (turns on the switch circuits 61, 71, 81, 91 corresponding to the processing target battery cells), and is stored in the processing target battery cells. The voltage balance processing is performed by discharging the generated power by the load resistance circuits 62, 72, 82, and 92.

なお、電圧バランス処理手段１３２は、電圧バランス処理中における複数の電池セル１，２，３，４の平均電池電圧を算出し、処理対象電池セルの電池電圧が平均電池電圧よりも低くなった場合は、当該処理対象電池セルへの電圧バランス処理を停止する。すなわち、処理対象電池セルに対応するスイッチ回路６１，７１，８１，９１をオフにして、負荷抵抗回路６２，７２，８２，９２での放電を停止する。   The voltage balance processing means 132 calculates the average battery voltage of the plurality of battery cells 1, 2, 3, 4 during the voltage balance process, and the battery voltage of the processing target battery cell is lower than the average battery voltage. Stops the voltage balance process to the battery cell to be processed. That is, the switch circuits 61, 71, 81, 91 corresponding to the processing target battery cell are turned off, and the discharge in the load resistance circuits 62, 72, 82, 92 is stopped.

図３は、電圧バランス制御装置１００による処理の手順を示すフローチャートである。なお、組電池の電圧特性が未知な場合には、図３のフローチャートに先立って、充電時における組電池の電圧特性を判定する処理をおこなってもよい。この場合、組電池が図５Ｂに示すような充電側で電圧バラつきが大きくなる電圧特性を有するのか、これ以外の電圧特性（たとえば図５Ａに示すような放電側で電圧バラつきが大きくなる電圧特性）を有するのかを、充放電時における各電池セルの電池電圧の変化に基づいて判定する。そして、図５Ｂに示すような充電側で電圧バラつきが大きくなる電圧特性を有する場合には、図３に示す処理をおこなう。また、これ以外の電圧特性を有する場合には、従来技術にかかる電圧バランス処理、すなわち、電池電圧のバラつきが所定値以上になったら、電池電圧が最も低い最低電圧セルの電池電圧に合わせて他の電池セルから放電させる処理をおこなう。   FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a processing procedure performed by the voltage balance control apparatus 100. In addition, when the voltage characteristic of an assembled battery is unknown, you may perform the process which determines the voltage characteristic of the assembled battery at the time of charge prior to the flowchart of FIG. In this case, whether the assembled battery has a voltage characteristic that increases the voltage variation on the charging side as shown in FIG. 5B, or other voltage characteristics (for example, a voltage characteristic that increases the voltage variation on the discharging side as shown in FIG. 5A). Is determined based on the change in the battery voltage of each battery cell during charging and discharging. And when it has the voltage characteristic which a voltage variation becomes large at the charge side as shown to FIG. 5B, the process shown in FIG. 3 is performed. If the voltage characteristics other than this are present, the voltage balance processing according to the prior art, i.e., when the battery voltage variation exceeds a predetermined value, the battery voltage is set to the lowest voltage cell with the lowest voltage. The battery cell is discharged from the battery cell.

図３のフローチャートにおいて、電圧バランス制御装置１００は、まず、処理対象電池セル特定手段１３１によって、組電池を構成する各電池セル１，２，３，４の電池電圧を計測する（ステップＳ３０１）。すなわち、処理対象電池セル特定手段１３１は、各電池セル１，２，３，４に対応して設けられたセル電圧モニタ６３，７３，８３，９３から電池電圧を取得する。そして、平均電池電圧および最高電池電圧を算出する（ステップＳ３０２）。   In the flowchart of FIG. 3, the voltage balance control device 100 first measures the battery voltage of each of the battery cells 1, 2, 3, and 4 constituting the assembled battery by the processing target battery cell specifying unit 131 (step S301). That is, the processing target battery cell specifying unit 131 acquires the battery voltage from the cell voltage monitors 63, 73, 83, 93 provided corresponding to the battery cells 1, 2, 3, 4. Then, the average battery voltage and the maximum battery voltage are calculated (step S302).

つぎに、電圧バランス制御装置１００は、現在が組電池の充電中か否かを判断する（ステップＳ３０３）。充電中でない場合は（ステップＳ３０３：Ｎｏ）、電圧バランス処理をおこなう必要はないので、電圧バランサを停止させる（ステップＳ３０４）。すなわち、すべてのスイッチ回路６１，７１，８１，９１をオフにする。   Next, the voltage balance control device 100 determines whether or not the battery pack is currently being charged (step S303). If the battery is not being charged (step S303: No), it is not necessary to perform voltage balance processing, so the voltage balancer is stopped (step S304). That is, all the switch circuits 61, 71, 81, 91 are turned off.

一方、組電池の充電中の場合は（ステップＳ３０３：Ｙｅｓ）、処理対象電池セル特定手段１３１の記憶部１３１ａに前回充電時に特定した処理対象電池セル（より詳細には処理対象電池セルの識別情報）が記憶されているか否かを判断する（ステップＳ３０５）。処理対象電池セルが記憶されている場合は（ステップＳ３０５：Ｙｅｓ）、電圧バランス処理手段１３２によって、処理対象電池セルに対応する電圧バランサを作動させる（ステップＳ３０６）。すなわち、電圧バランス処理手段１３２は、処理対象電池セルに対応するスイッチ回路６１，７１，８１，９１をオンにして、負荷抵抗回路６２，７２，８２，９２での放電をおこなわせる。その後、電圧バランス処理手段１３２は、図４に示す電圧バランサの停止判定処理をおこなう（ステップＳ３０７）。   On the other hand, when the assembled battery is being charged (step S303: Yes), the processing target battery cell specified in the previous charging in the storage unit 131a of the processing target battery cell specifying unit 131 (more specifically, the identification information of the processing target battery cell) ) Is stored (step S305). When the processing target battery cell is stored (step S305: Yes), the voltage balance processing unit 132 operates the voltage balancer corresponding to the processing target battery cell (step S306). That is, the voltage balance processing means 132 turns on the switch circuits 61, 71, 81, 91 corresponding to the battery cells to be processed, and causes the load resistance circuits 62, 72, 82, 92 to discharge. Thereafter, the voltage balance processing unit 132 performs a voltage balancer stop determination process shown in FIG. 4 (step S307).

つぎに、ステップＳ３０５において処理対象電池セルが記憶されていない場合（ステップＳ３０５：Ｎｏ）、電圧バランス制御装置１００は、処理対象電池セル特定手段１３１によって、現在が充電完了近傍期間か否かを判断する（ステップＳ３０８）。上述のように、充電完了近傍期間か否かは、電池セル１，２，３，４の電池電圧を用いて判断する。充電完了近傍期間でない場合は（ステップＳ３０８：Ｎｏ）、ステップＳ３０１に戻り、以降の処理を繰り返す。   Next, when the processing target battery cell is not stored in step S305 (step S305: No), the voltage balance control device 100 determines whether or not the current target battery cell specifying unit 131 is currently in the vicinity of the completion of charging. (Step S308). As described above, whether or not the charging completion period is in effect is determined using the battery voltages of the battery cells 1, 2, 3, and 4. When it is not the charging completion neighborhood period (step S308: No), the process returns to step S301 and the subsequent processing is repeated.

一方、充電完了近傍期間である場合は（ステップＳ３０８：Ｙｅｓ）、ステップＳ３０２で算出した最高電池電圧と平均電池電圧との差分が所定値以上か否かを判断する（ステップＳ３０９）。最高電池電圧と平均電池電圧との差分が所定値以上の場合（ステップＳ３０９：Ｙｅｓ）、処理対象電池セル特定手段１３１は、最高電池電圧セルを次回充電時における処理対象セルとして記憶して（ステップＳ３１０）、本フローチャートを終了する。一方、最高電池電圧と平均電池電圧との差分が所定値未満の場合（ステップＳ３０９：Ｎｏ）、処理対象電池セル特定手段１３１は、電池電圧が平均電池電圧を上回る電池セルを処理対象電池セルとして特定して（ステップＳ３１１）、本フローチャートを終了する。なお、ステップＳ３０９の判断をおこなわずに、最高電池電圧セルまたは電池電圧が平均電池電圧を上回る電池セルのいずれかを処理対象電池セルとして特定するように固定設定してもよい。   On the other hand, when it is a period near charging completion (step S308: Yes), it is determined whether or not the difference between the maximum battery voltage calculated in step S302 and the average battery voltage is equal to or greater than a predetermined value (step S309). If the difference between the maximum battery voltage and the average battery voltage is greater than or equal to a predetermined value (step S309: Yes), the processing target battery cell specifying unit 131 stores the maximum battery voltage cell as the processing target cell at the next charging (step S309). S310), this flowchart is terminated. On the other hand, when the difference between the maximum battery voltage and the average battery voltage is less than the predetermined value (step S309: No), the processing target battery cell specifying unit 131 sets the battery cell whose battery voltage exceeds the average battery voltage as the processing target battery cell. After specifying (step S311), this flowchart is ended. In addition, you may carry out fixed setting so that either the highest battery voltage cell or the battery cell in which a battery voltage exceeds an average battery voltage may be specified as a process target battery cell, without performing determination of step S309.

図４は、電圧バランサの停止判定処理の手順を示すフローチャートである。図４のフローチャートの処理に先立って、電圧バランス処理手段１３２によって処理対象電池セルに対応する電圧バランサが作動され、放電がおこなわれている。   FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of voltage balancer stop determination processing. Prior to the processing of the flowchart of FIG. 4, the voltage balance processing unit 132 operates the voltage balancer corresponding to the battery cell to be processed, and discharge is performed.

まず、電圧バランス制御装置１００は、電圧バランス処理手段１３２によって、現在が充電完了近傍期間か否かを判断する（ステップＳ４０１）。ステップＳ４０１の判断は、図３のステップＳ３０８と同様におこなう。充電完了近傍期間である場合（ステップＳ４０１：Ｙｅｓ）、処理対象電池セルの電池電圧が平均電池電圧よりも低くなったか否かを判断する（ステップＳ４０２）。なお、処理対象電池セルが複数の場合は、それぞれの処理対象電池セルについて個別に判断をおこなう。   First, the voltage balance control device 100 determines whether or not the current is in the vicinity of the completion of charging by the voltage balance processing means 132 (step S401). The determination in step S401 is performed in the same manner as in step S308 in FIG. If it is a period near charging completion (step S401: Yes), it is determined whether or not the battery voltage of the processing target battery cell has become lower than the average battery voltage (step S402). In addition, when there are a plurality of processing target battery cells, each processing target battery cell is individually determined.

処理対象電池セルの電池電圧が平均電池電圧よりも低くならない場合は（ステップＳ４０２：Ｎｏ）、ステップＳ４０１に戻り、以降の処理を繰り返す。すなわち、処理対象電池セルに対して電圧バランス処理手段１３２による電圧バランス処理（放電処理）を継続する。一方、処理対象電池セルの電池電圧が平均電池電圧よりも低くなった場合は（ステップＳ４０２：Ｙｅｓ）、当該処理対象電池セルに対応する電圧バランサを停止するとともに、処理対象電池セル特定手段１３１の記憶部１３１ａに記憶された当該処理対象電池セルの識別情報を消去して（ステップＳ４０４）、本フローチャートによる処理を終了する。すなわち、今回充電時における電圧バランス処理によって電池電圧が平均電池電圧よりも低くなった電池セルについては、次回充電時の処理対象電池セルから除外する。   When the battery voltage of the battery cell to be processed does not become lower than the average battery voltage (step S402: No), the process returns to step S401 and the subsequent processes are repeated. That is, the voltage balance process (discharge process) by the voltage balance processing unit 132 is continued for the battery cell to be processed. On the other hand, when the battery voltage of the processing target battery cell becomes lower than the average battery voltage (step S402: Yes), the voltage balancer corresponding to the processing target battery cell is stopped and the processing target battery cell specifying unit 131 The identification information of the processing target battery cell stored in the storage unit 131a is erased (step S404), and the processing according to this flowchart ends. That is, battery cells whose battery voltage has become lower than the average battery voltage by the voltage balance process at the time of current charging are excluded from the battery cells to be processed at the next charging time.

また、ステップＳ４０１において、充電完了近傍期間でない場合（ステップＳ４０１：Ｙｅｓ）、処理対象電池セルの電池電圧が平均電池電圧から所定値α差し引いた電圧値（平均電池電圧−α）よりも低くなったか否かを判断する（ステップＳ４０３）。このような判断をおこなうのは、充電完了近傍期間になる前に処理対象電池セルの電池電圧が平均電池電圧を大きく下回った場合、このまま電圧バランス処理（放電処理）を継続すると返って電圧バラつきが拡大する恐れがあるためである。   Moreover, in step S401, when it is not a period near charge completion (step S401: Yes), whether the battery voltage of the process target battery cell became lower than the voltage value (average battery voltage -α) obtained by subtracting the predetermined value α from the average battery voltage. It is determined whether or not (step S403). Such a determination is made when the battery voltage of the battery cell to be processed greatly falls below the average battery voltage before the period near the completion of charging, and when voltage balance processing (discharge processing) is continued as it is, voltage variation is returned. This is because there is a risk of expansion.

処理対象電池セルの電池電圧が平均電池電圧−αよりも低くなった場合（ステップＳ４０３：Ｙｅｓ）、当該処理対象電池セルに対応する電圧バランサを停止するとともに、処理対象電池セル特定手段１３１の記憶部１３１ａに記憶された当該処理対象電池セルの識別情報を消去して（ステップＳ４０４）、本フローチャートによる処理を終了する。一方、処理対象電池セルの電池電圧が平均電池電圧−αよりも低くならない場合は（ステップＳ４０３：Ｎｏ）、ステップＳ４０１に戻り、以降の処理を繰り返す。   When the battery voltage of the processing target battery cell becomes lower than the average battery voltage −α (step S403: Yes), the voltage balancer corresponding to the processing target battery cell is stopped and the processing target battery cell specifying unit 131 stores the battery voltage. The identification information of the processing target battery cell stored in the unit 131a is erased (step S404), and the processing according to this flowchart ends. On the other hand, when the battery voltage of the battery cell to be processed does not become lower than the average battery voltage −α (step S403: No), the process returns to step S401 and the subsequent processes are repeated.

以上説明したように、電圧バランス制御装置１００は、前回充電時の充電完了近傍期間における電池電圧のバラつきに基づいて、次回充電時において電圧バランス処理対象とする処理対象電池セルを特定・記憶して、次回充電時に処理対象電池セルに対して電圧バランス処理をおこなう。これにより、充電完了近傍期間（充電末期）に電圧バラつきが増大する組電池の電圧バラつきを効率的に平滑化することができる。   As described above, the voltage balance control device 100 specifies and stores a processing target battery cell that is a voltage balance processing target at the next charging based on the variation in battery voltage in the period near the completion of charging at the previous charging. The voltage balance processing is performed on the processing target battery cell at the next charging. Thereby, the voltage variation of the assembled battery in which the voltage variation increases in the period near the completion of charging (the end of charging) can be smoothed efficiently.

また、本実施の形態のように、最高電圧電池セルの電池電圧と平均電池電圧との差が所定値以上である場合は最高電圧電池セルを処理対象電池セルとして特定し、最高電圧電池セルの電池電圧と平均電池電圧との差が所定値未満である場合は電池電圧が平均電池電圧を上回る電池セルを処理対象電池セルとして特定することにより、特定の電池セルの電池電圧が極端に高い場合にはその電池セルのみを、電池セルの電池電圧のバラつきが小さい場合には平均電池電圧を上回る電池セルを処理対象電池セルとするので、効率的に電圧バラつきを平滑化することができる。   Further, as in the present embodiment, when the difference between the battery voltage of the highest voltage battery cell and the average battery voltage is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, the highest voltage battery cell is identified as the processing target battery cell, and the highest voltage battery cell When the difference between the battery voltage and the average battery voltage is less than the predetermined value, the battery voltage of a specific battery cell is extremely high by specifying the battery cell whose battery voltage exceeds the average battery voltage as the processing target battery cell In the case where only the battery cell has a small variation in battery voltage, the battery cell that exceeds the average battery voltage is set as the battery cell to be processed, so that the voltage variation can be smoothed efficiently.

また、電圧バランス制御装置１００において、電池電圧が平均電池電圧を上回る電池セルを処理対象電池セルとして特定するようにすれば、前回充電時に電池セルの電池電圧のバラつきが小さい場合でも、次回充電時に電圧バランス処理をおこなうことができる。また、電圧バランス制御装置１００において、前回充電時の充電完了近傍期間における電池電圧が最も高い最高電圧電池セルを処理対象電池セルとして特定するようにすれば、特定の電池セルの電池電圧が極端に高い場合に、当該最高電圧電池セルのみを処理対象電池セルとするので、不必要な電力消費を抑制し、効率的に電圧バラつきを平滑化することができる。   Further, in the voltage balance control device 100, if the battery cell whose battery voltage exceeds the average battery voltage is specified as the processing target battery cell, the battery voltage of the battery cell during the previous charge is small even when the battery voltage varies little during the previous charge. Voltage balance processing can be performed. Further, in the voltage balance control device 100, if the highest voltage battery cell having the highest battery voltage in the period near the completion of charging at the previous charging is specified as the processing target battery cell, the battery voltage of the specific battery cell becomes extremely high. When it is high, only the highest voltage battery cell is used as a processing target battery cell, so that unnecessary power consumption can be suppressed and voltage variation can be smoothed efficiently.

また、電圧バランス制御装置１００は、充電完了近傍期間において処理対象電池セルの電池電圧が平均電池電圧よりも低くなった場合は、当該処理対象電池セルへの電圧バランス処理を停止する。これにより、処理対象電池セルの電池電圧を下げすぎることなく組電池全体の電池電圧を平滑化することができる。また、電圧バランス制御装置１００は、充電完了近傍期間外において処理対象電池セルの電池電圧が平均電池電圧から所定値差し引いた電圧値よりも低くなった場合は、当該処理対象電池セルへの電圧バランス処理を停止する。これにより、充電完了近傍期間になる前に処理対象電池セルの電池電圧が平均電池電圧を大きく下回った場合には電圧バランス処理を停止して、電圧バランス処理によって電圧バラつきが拡大してしまうのを防止することができる。   Moreover, the voltage balance control apparatus 100 stops the voltage balance process to the said process target battery cell, when the battery voltage of the process target battery cell becomes lower than an average battery voltage in the charge completion vicinity period. Thereby, the battery voltage of the whole assembled battery can be smoothed without reducing the battery voltage of the battery cell to be processed too much. In addition, when the battery voltage of the processing target battery cell becomes lower than the voltage value obtained by subtracting a predetermined value from the average battery voltage outside the period near the completion of charging, the voltage balance control device 100 balances the voltage to the processing target battery cell. Stop processing. As a result, if the battery voltage of the battery cell to be processed falls greatly below the average battery voltage before the period near the completion of charging, the voltage balance process is stopped, and the voltage variation increases due to the voltage balance process. Can be prevented.

１，２，３，４……電池セル、６，７，８，９……セル制御ユニット、１１……ＢＭＵ、６１，７１，８１，９１……スイッチ回路、６２，７２，８２，９２……負荷抵抗回路、６３，７３，８３，９３……セル電圧モニタ、１００……電圧バランス制御装置、１３１……処理対象電池セル特定手段、１３１a……記憶部、１３２……電圧バランス処理手段。   1, 2, 3, 4 ... battery cells, 6, 7, 8, 9 ... cell control unit, 11 ... BMU, 61, 71, 81, 91 ... switch circuit, 62, 72, 82, 92 ... ... load resistance circuit, 63, 73, 83, 93 ... cell voltage monitor, 100 ... voltage balance control device, 131 ... processing target battery cell identification means, 131a ... storage unit, 132 ... voltage balance processing means.

Claims (6)

組電池を構成する直列接続された複数の電池セルの電池電圧のバラつきを制御する電圧バランス制御装置であって、
前回充電時の充電完了近傍期間における複数の前記電池セルの電池電圧のバラつきに基づいて、次回充電時において電圧バランス処理対象とする処理対象電池セルを特定し記憶する処理対象電池セル特定手段と、
前記処理対象電池セル特定手段によって特定された前記処理対象電池セルに対して、前記次回充電時に前記電圧バランス処理をおこなう電圧バランス処理手段と、
を備えることを特徴とする電池セルの電圧バランス制御装置。 A voltage balance control device for controlling variation in battery voltage of a plurality of battery cells connected in series constituting an assembled battery,
A processing target battery cell specifying means for specifying and storing a processing target battery cell to be a voltage balance processing target at the time of next charging based on a variation in battery voltage of the plurality of battery cells in a period near the completion of charging at the previous charging;
Voltage balance processing means for performing the voltage balance processing at the next charge on the processing target battery cell specified by the processing target battery cell specifying means;
A voltage balance control device for a battery cell, comprising: 前記処理対象電池セル特定手段は、前記前回充電時の充電完了近傍期間における複数の前記電池セルの平均電池電圧を算出し、前記電池電圧が前記平均電池電圧を上回る電池セルを前記処理対象電池セルとして特定し、
前記電圧バランス処理手段は、前記電圧バランス処理として前記処理対象電池セルからの放電をおこなうことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の電池セルの電圧バランス制御装置。 The processing target battery cell specifying unit calculates an average battery voltage of the plurality of battery cells in a period near the completion of charging at the time of the previous charging, and determines a battery cell in which the battery voltage exceeds the average battery voltage as the processing target battery cell. Identified as
The battery voltage balance control device according to claim 1, wherein the voltage balance processing unit discharges the battery cell to be processed as the voltage balance processing. 前記処理対象電池セル特定手段は、複数の前記電池セルのうち前記前回充電時の充電完了近傍期間における電池電圧が最も高い最高電圧電池セルを前記処理対象電池セルとして特定し、
前記電圧バランス処理手段は、前記電圧バランス処理として前記処理対象電池セルからの放電をおこなうことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の電池セルの電圧バランス制御装置。 The processing target battery cell specifying means specifies, as the processing target battery cell, the highest voltage battery cell having the highest battery voltage in a period near the completion of charging during the previous charging among the plurality of battery cells,
The battery voltage balance control device according to claim 1, wherein the voltage balance processing unit discharges the battery cell to be processed as the voltage balance processing. 前記処理対象電池セル特定手段は、前記前回充電時の充電完了近傍期間における複数の前記電池セルの平均電池電圧を算出するとともに、複数の前記電池セルのうち電池電圧が最も高い最高電圧電池セルを特定し、前記最高電圧電池セルの電池電圧と前記平均電池電圧との差が所定値以上である場合は前記最高電圧電池セルを前記処理対象電池セルとして特定し、前記最高電圧電池セルの電池電圧と前記平均電池電圧との差が所定値未満である場合は前記電池電圧が前記平均電池電圧を上回る電池セルを前記処理対象電池セルとして特定し、
前記電圧バランス処理手段は、前記電圧バランス処理として前記処理対象電池セルからの放電をおこなうことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の電池セルの電圧バランス制御装置。 The processing target battery cell specifying means calculates an average battery voltage of the plurality of battery cells in a period near the completion of charging at the time of the previous charging, and selects the highest voltage battery cell having the highest battery voltage among the plurality of battery cells. If the difference between the battery voltage of the highest voltage battery cell and the average battery voltage is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, the highest voltage battery cell is specified as the battery cell to be processed, and the battery voltage of the highest voltage battery cell When the difference between the average battery voltage and the average battery voltage is less than a predetermined value, the battery cell having the battery voltage exceeding the average battery voltage is specified as the processing target battery cell,
The battery voltage balance control device according to claim 1, wherein the voltage balance processing unit discharges the battery cell to be processed as the voltage balance processing. 前記電圧バランス処理手段は、前記電圧バランス処理中における複数の前記電池セルの平均電池電圧を算出し、前記充電完了近傍期間において前記処理対象電池セルの電池電圧が前記平均電池電圧よりも低くなった場合は、当該処理対象電池セルへの前記電圧バランス処理を停止することを特徴とする請求項１から４のいずれか一つに記載の電池セルの電圧バランス制御装置。   The voltage balance processing means calculates an average battery voltage of the plurality of battery cells during the voltage balance process, and the battery voltage of the processing target battery cell becomes lower than the average battery voltage in the period near the completion of charging. In the case, the voltage balance control device of the battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the voltage balance processing to the processing target battery cell is stopped. 前記電圧バランス処理手段は、前記電圧バランス処理中における複数の前記電池セルの平均電池電圧を算出し、前記充電完了近傍期間外において前記処理対象電池セルの電池電圧が前記平均電池電圧から所定値差し引いた電圧値よりも低くなった場合は、当該処理対象電池セルへの前記電圧バランス処理を停止することを特徴とする請求項１から４のいずれか一つに記載の電池セルの電圧バランス制御装置。   The voltage balance processing means calculates an average battery voltage of the plurality of battery cells during the voltage balance process, and the battery voltage of the battery cell to be processed is subtracted from the average battery voltage by a predetermined value outside the charging completion period. The voltage balance control device for a battery cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein when the voltage value becomes lower than the voltage value, the voltage balance processing to the processing target battery cell is stopped. .
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