JP5974479B2 - Transportation plan creation device and method, and transportation plan creation program - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a transportation plan creation apparatus and method, and a transportation plan creation program, and in particular, transportation that transports a package from a plurality of delivery bases at a date and time designated as a plurality of delivery destinations using a plurality of transportation means. The present invention relates to a plan creation apparatus and method and a transportation plan creation program.

Due to the recent rise in fuel costs, there is a growing tendency to improve efficiency and reduce costs in the logistics field. At the same time, from the viewpoint of global warming, environmentally friendly delivery such as CO ₂ emissions is required.

  In view of the above background, there has been a movement called modal shift, in which products that have been transported by land on trucks, trailers, and the like are shifted to rail transport, sea transport, etc., and various trials have been made (Non-Patent Document 1). .

  On the other hand, in coastal industrial areas such as Tokyo Bay, Ise Bay, Osaka Bay, and Seto Inland Sea, there are many factories and distribution centers along the sea. In areas where transportation and delivery are easy to carry out, for heavy objects that could not be transported by land, delivery using small transport vessels or dredging has been performed.

  In addition, distribution centers by the sea often function as relay points for land transportation to inland areas, and in order to improve distribution efficiency, the use of relay points, maritime transportation, and land transportation means are used separately to efficiently The importance of the technology to be used will increase.

  The following are disclosed as conventional techniques relating to the use of the above-mentioned relay points and the proper use of a plurality of means of transportation.

  That is, Patent Document 1 discloses a transportation plan in which transportation flight information including the operation cost of each transportation flight is registered in order to create a transportation plan creation at a high speed to reduce the cost including the transshipment of goods at a relay base. Register the flight information registration step, the base information registration step for registering base information including baggage transshipment costs at the base, the counting step for totaling the amount of cargo collected at each transport base, and the operation plan for the transport flight of the day On the current day operation plan registration step, on the same day the relay station operation plan registration step for registering the relay point operation plan information including the possibility of transshipment of the cargo at the base and the possible time frame, and the transit base between the transport flights A relay plan creating method and system for transportation comprising a relay plan creating step for creating a relay plan is described.

  In Patent Document 2, in order to provide a transportation plan creation method capable of creating an efficient transportation plan using a transportation medium such as a vehicle between a large-scale and a wide range of blocks, a plurality of transportations from a plurality of transportation sources. First, when loading the object to be transported on the transport medium and transporting it by the target time, tailor the single direct mail, single direct mail, central direct mail and centralized direct mail as needed in the order specified in advance, single direct mail and By tailoring a single transit flight, there is no need to consolidate the objects to be transported to other transport sources, preventing waste of time and costs, and by tailoring an aggregate direct flight and a transit route, From lowering the loading rate of the object to be transported, so from a wide range of outgoing blocks with multiple shipping sources to a wide range of landing blocks with multiple shipping destinations, Against a large transport with the amount of transportation object, it is possible to create a transportation planning excellent cost efficiency and the transportation schedule creation method and apparatus are described.

  In Patent Document 3, if there are a large number of variables such as a plurality of types of transportation means, the number of containers used, different delivery deadlines, transportation costs, inventory storage costs, etc., the calculation is performed by combining them to obtain an optimal solution. Presents a new selection method and provides a theoretically optimal solution in order to provide a theoretically optimal solution. In a logistics transportation system having a relay point, the first logistics transportation process from the supply point to the relay point And the second logistics transportation process from the relay point to the customer, and the cargo, transported in the first transportation process, has the shape, weight and quantity for each unit type of the transported cargo at the relay point. The amount of transport (al) and date constraints (Nl) are established, and the difference in means of transport is considered to be sea transport, air transport, land transport (truck), and rail transport, and these are applied using genetic algorithms. And a technique for providing a method for optimizing a cargo distribution cost having a relay point is described.

  In Patent Document 4, in a method of collecting a collection work at a plurality of delivery bases and creating an operation plan for a vehicle to be delivered to a plurality of delivery destinations, a plan creation that prompts input and selection of data relating to a package to be carried, that is, delivery order data. A data selection processing step, a data reading processing step for reading the delivery order data, master data necessary for creating a vehicle operation plan and a search scenario indicating a search order and a search method, vehicle revenue obtained by each vehicle, and each vehicle Based on the search scenario based on the search scenario from the delivery order data and the master data, the objective function is the sum of the differences from the vehicle operation costs when operating the vehicle, and the search function that maximizes the objective function is used. An optimal operation plan creation process for creating a plan, and a vehicle operation plan output process for outputting the created vehicle operation plan, Techniques have been described.

JP 2000-182179 A JP 2002-7530 A JP 2009-223552 A JP 2005-122679 A

"Green logistics partnership promotion business promotion decision business list", etc. http://www.greenpartnership.jp

  However, the technique of Patent Document 1 creates a transportation plan on the premise of passing through a relay point, and does not create a transportation plan including selection of a plurality of transportation means.

  Further, the technology of Patent Document 2 is related to transportation related to a single direct flight, a single direct flight, an aggregate direct flight, and an aggregate transit flight in preparation of a transportation plan from a plurality of transportation sources (delivery bases) to a plurality of transportation destinations (delivery destinations). Although a plan is being prepared, consideration has not been given to the transportation of multiple rotations after the unloading of the transportation medium (transportation means).

  Further, the technology of Patent Document 3 provides a theoretical method for optimizing the physical distribution cost of a physical distribution transportation system having a relay point. Similarly to Patent Document 2, transportation of a plurality of rotations after the empty cargo transportation is performed. Is not considered, and is only a theoretical optimization result, so there is a problem that adjustment is required at the time of execution.

  Moreover, the technique of patent document 4 is not considered about a relay point or an empty load.

  The present invention is not considered in the prior art, depending on the status of available transportation means, transfer to other transportation means to minimize the emptying of the transportation means used on the delivery date, It is an object to create an efficient transportation plan by distributing distribution material sources to distribution bases and evaluating transportation means of multiple revolutions or more.

More specifically, FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a pattern example of a transport route for transporting a load from a delivery base A to a delivery destination a. As shown in FIG. 1, in the above example, the following four transportation routes are considered:
Transport route 1, which is sent by truck from delivery base A,
Transport route 2, which is sent directly from the delivery base A by ship,
Transport route 3 from delivery base A to delivery base B by truck and beyond
From the delivery base A to the delivery base C is a ship, the left is the delivery base 4 to be transported by truck,
Returning to the nearest delivery base B after delivery to the first delivery destination b as shown in FIG. 2, while satisfying the constraints on the means of transportation available at each delivery base, performs the second delivery. The number of transportation means can be reduced by creating a transportation route that can reduce the idle time of one transportation means, resulting in an efficient transportation plan.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and creates a transportation plan for transporting packages from a plurality of delivery bases using a plurality of transportation means at a date and time designated as a plurality of delivery destinations. A device for inputting necessary data to create a transportation plan, a means for retrieving necessary data, and creating one or more transportable route patterns for each cargo to be transported The transportation route pattern creation means, and the transportation route pattern created by the transportation route pattern creation means, using a plurality of transportation means, the transportation plan to be delivered to the delivery destination via the relay point and the delivery from the delivery base A relay / direct transport plan creating means for creating a transport plan to be sent directly to the destination, and a transport simulation execution person for creating a transport plan to the delivery destination on the day of delivery from the transport plan of the relay / direct transport plan creating means. A transportation plan output / adjustment means for displaying the result of the transportation simulation execution means, and evaluating and adjusting the transportation plan, and the created transportation plan in order to execute the created transportation plan. A transportation plan transmission means for transmitting to the transportation route pattern creating means, preliminarily carrying out data preprocessing for the transportation means, enumerating possible transportation patterns including shipping means for transportation material source data, Create a relationship matrix that shows the relationship between the source data and the transportation pattern, create a weight matrix, create the same transportation land delivery train and possible weight vector, create a transportation cost matrix, and simultaneous shipping by sea transportation means matrix, to create a vector of possible load weight, to create a transport pattern weight matrix, in the relay / direct transportation schedule creating means, by the optimization calculation by linear programming The transportation schedule created, and in the transport simulation execution means, creating land transportation material source data, the data for land transportation planning, transportation simulation 1 vehicle performs transport of a plurality of times, the line optimization calculation using meta heuristics create a land transportation transportation schedule I, by outputting a land transmission plan is intended to solve the above problems.

Here, in the transportation plan output / adjustment means, at least the number of empty shipments of the transportation means for each delivery base, the utilization rate of the transportation means, and the transportation material with the time specified in the transportation material source data loaded from each delivery base. It is possible to display the transportation material source amount collected for each delivery base having a low source amount and transportation cost or a short transportation distance, and adjust the transportation plan using these pieces of information.

The present invention is also a method of creating a transportation plan for transporting a package from a plurality of delivery bases using a plurality of means of transportation at a date and time designated as a plurality of delivery destinations, using a computer. The data required for creating a transportation plan is input by means of the data, the data retrieval means retrieves the necessary data, and the transportation route pattern creation means performs one or more transportations for each cargo to be transported. A possible transportation route pattern is created, and the relay / direct delivery transportation plan creation means uses a plurality of transportation means from the transportation route pattern created by the transportation route pattern creation means to the delivery destination via the relay point. A transportation plan to be transported and a transportation plan to be sent directly from the delivery base to the delivery destination are created, and the transportation simulation execution means is delivered on the day of delivery from the transportation plan of the relay / direct delivery transportation plan creation means. The transportation plan output / adjustment means displays the result of the transportation simulation execution means so that the transportation plan can be evaluated and adjusted, and the transportation plan transmission means transmits the created transportation plan. When the prepared transportation plan is transmitted to the downstream system for execution, the transportation route pattern creation means performs data preprocessing for the transportation means, and possible transportation patterns including transportation means for the transportation material source data. , Create a relationship matrix that shows the relationship between transport source data and transport patterns, create a weight matrix, create the same transportation means, delivery land operation column, possible weight vector, create transportation cost matrix, shipping transportation co undeliverable matrix, to create a vector of possible load weight, to create a transport pattern weight matrix, at the relay / direct transportation schedule creation means, by linear programming Create a transportation schedule by optimization calculation, in the transport simulation execution unit, land transportation material source data, create data for land transportation planning, transportation simulation 1 vehicle performs transport of a plurality of times, the optimum by meta heuristics create a land transportation transportation schedule I row by cOMPUTE by transportation schedule creation method and outputting a land transmission plan is obtained by solving the above problems.

The present invention is also a program for creating a transportation plan for transporting a package at a plurality of delivery destinations at a date and time designated by a plurality of delivery destinations from a plurality of delivery bases. A transportation route pattern that performs the process of inputting necessary data to create a plan and the process of retrieving the necessary data, and creates one or more transportable transportation route patterns for each cargo to be transported. In the creation process , data preprocessing for transportation means is performed, and possible transportation patterns including transportation means are enumerated for transportation material source data, a relation matrix indicating the relationship between transportation material source data and transportation patterns is created, weight matrix The same transportation means same delivery land operation column and possible weight vector are created, the transportation cost matrix is created, the simultaneous shipping impossible delivery matrix and the possible load weight vector are created, It was done by creating a pattern weight matrix, from transport path pattern created by said transport route pattern generation process, by using a plurality of transportation means, transportation planning and delivery locations to transport the destination via the transit point A relay / direct transport plan creation process is performed to create a transport plan to be sent directly to the delivery destination by optimization calculation using linear programming. From the transport plan of the relay / direct transport plan creation process, land transportation material data, land transportation Create the plan creation data, create a land transportation plan by carrying out the transportation simulation in which one transportation means transports multiple times by the optimization calculation by the metaheuristic method , and output the land transportation plan. The transportation simulation execution process for creating the transportation plan ahead is performed, and the result of the transportation simulation execution process is displayed. In order to cause the transportation plan output / adjustment process to be performed, to evaluate and adjust the transportation plan, and to execute the created transportation plan, the transportation plan transmission process for transmitting the created transportation plan to the downstream system is performed. The present invention provides a program for creating a transportation plan, which is characterized by functioning as if it were to be performed.

  According to the present invention, a delivery base that is not considered in the prior art and is transferred to another means of transportation to minimize the unloading of the means of transportation on the delivery date, according to the situation of available means of transportation. Efficient transportation plans can be created by distributing the distribution material sources to each other and evaluating transportation means with multiple revolutions.

Schematic diagram showing examples of transportation route patterns Schematic diagram showing an example of the second rotation transportation plan after the completion of the first rotation delivery Overall configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention The figure which shows the shipping material source management DB item in the said embodiment. The figure which shows a transportation means management DB item similarly The figure which similarly shows a delivery base / delivery destination master item The figure which similarly shows the distance base item between a delivery base / destination The figure which also shows the transportation cost master item The figure which similarly shows the transportation speed master item The figure which also shows the virtual income master item The figure which also shows the virtual cost master item The figure which similarly shows the relationship between the delivery schedule and the transportation schedule days of D day delivery The figure which similarly shows the transportation pattern creation means processing flow The figure which similarly shows the sum of the loading weight of the land transportation means in each delivery base Similarly, the figure which shows the data which is collected for each shipping means The figure which similarly shows the enumeration example of the transportation pattern The figure which shows description of SMK [k] [j] of the same transportation means same delivery land operation line The figure which also shows description of possible weight vector PSWT [k] The figure which shows the transportation cost corresponding to the transportation pattern similarly Figure showing image of IMPS [l] [j] that cannot be delivered simultaneously by sea transportation The figure which also shows the image of vector SDWT [l] of possible load weight The figure which shows the processing flow of a transportation simulation execution means similarly Figure showing example of transportation plan output result Figure showing output example for transportation plan adjustment

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the embodiment of the present invention.

  Reference numeral 300 denotes an upstream system, which sends inventory information of delivery bases and information on transportation means at the delivery bases to this system.

  The inventory information of the delivery base is stored in the shipping material management DB 301. As shown in FIG. 4, the items in the shipping material management DB include a load ID for specifying a load, a delivery date for transporting the load to a delivery destination, a (delivery) designated time at the delivery destination, and a delivery that is the origin of the shipment. Base, shipping date, shipping time, delivery destination, weight, size, possible transportation means indicating the transportation means that the cargo can be transported (for example, 0: land transportation is possible, 1: land transportation is possible, 2: sea transportation is possible, etc.) The following items are items used in the transportation plan result, the transportation pattern of the cargo, the transportation means 1 indicating the ID of the transportation means used in the first transportation of the cargo, and the second transportation of the cargo. It is the transportation means 2 which shows ID of the transportation means utilized by.

  Information about the transportation means at the delivery base is stored in the transportation means management DB 302. As shown in FIG. 5, the items in the transportation means management DB include transportation means ID for identifying transportation means, transportation means classification for distinguishing shipping (ship) or land transportation (truck), loading weight, and loadable load size. The loadable size shown, the non-transportable base / delivery destination, the loading start date / time at which the vehicle can be used, the loading end date / time, the wholesale start date / time entered when a planned load has already been assigned, and the vehicle is located Is the location of the vehicle that is being transported, the location of the vehicle that has been modified in the adjustment, the location of the change of location, the planned weight that is input when a planned load is already assigned, and the planned transit location .

  The master data stored in the master DB 303 includes a delivery base / delivery destination master (FIG. 6) having data relating to the delivery base / delivery destination, and a delivery base / delivery destination distance master having data relating to the delivery distance of the delivery base / delivery destination. (FIG. 7), a delivery base / delivery destination distance master having data on transportation costs for each means of transportation (FIG. 8), a transportation speed master having a transportation speed for each means of transportation (FIG. 9), and detailed transportation on the delivery date. These are a virtual revenue master (FIG. 10) and a virtual cost master (FIG. 11) used to create a plan.

  Reference numeral 304 in FIG. 3 denotes an input means for inputting the target delivery date and the number of transportation plan days. If the delivery date is D days, the transportation schedule days are as shown in FIG. In this system, a transportation plan for delivery on D days is created from (D day-transportation planning days).

  The data extraction unit 305 extracts the material data for the plan from the shipping material management DB 301 based on the D day and the transportation plan days input by the input unit 304, and from the transportation unit management DB 302, (D-transportation plan days). ) Take out shipping means that can be used in between and land transportation means that can be used on D day. At the same time, the delivery base, the delivery base / delivery destination master data related to the delivery destination, the delivery base / delivery distance master data, the transportation cost master data, the transportation speed master data, the virtual revenue master data, and the virtual cost master data are received from the master DB 303. Take out.

A transport route pattern (simply referred to as a transport pattern) creation unit 306 performs preprocessing for creating a relay / direct delivery plan by the relay / direct delivery plan creation unit 307 using the data extracted by the data extraction unit 305. FIG. 13 shows the above processing flow.

  Hereinafter, the detailed procedure of the transportation pattern creation means is shown based on the processing flow.

Step S1: Data preprocessing of transportation means A set of transportation material source data to be delivered on the input delivery date is defined as i∈FR.

S1-1: Calculate the sum of the delivery weights by the land transportation means for each delivery base For the land transportation means that can be used on the delivery date, the sum of the loading weights for each delivery base is obtained as shown in FIG.

S1-2: Summarize the data necessary for creating the transportation pattern for each shipping means. For the shipping means that can be used between the input delivery date and the planned number of transportation days, the data shown in FIG. If a planned transportation material source has already been allocated, the accumulable weight is obtained from the planned weight.

Step 2: List possible transport patterns including shipping means for transport material source data List transport patterns of transport material source data for each case based on the following.
(1) For land transport only, one pattern is used regardless of the delivery destination.
(2) Transport patterns that do not hold are not listed.
The condition that does not hold is one of the following.
・ There is no means of transportation to the delivery destination between delivery bases ・ The base where the transportation means belongs and the delivery base of the transport material source do not match If there is no start date of lifting / unloading before the other day of the day, the calculation is made using the delivery base / delivery destination distance master and the transport speed master.
・ Transport material sources that exceed the loadable size of maritime transport means (3) The created transport patterns do not overlap,
The transport pattern set enumerated above is assumed to be j∈PT.

Step S3: Creating a relationship matrix PTN [i] [j] representing the relationship between the transport material source data and the transport pattern The relationship matrix PTN [i] [j] representing the relationship between the transport material source data and the transport pattern is expressed by equation (1). Is defined as follows. When the transportation pattern j exists for the transportation material source data i, 1 is set, and the others are 0.
PTN [i] [j] ∈ {0,1}, ∀i∈FR, ∀j∈PT (1)

Step S4: Creation of Weight Matrix WT [i] [j] When the weight of the transport material data i is w [i], the weight matrix WT [i] [j] is obtained by the following equation (2).
WT [i] [j] = w [i] * PTN [i] [j], ∀i∈FR, ∀j∈PT (2)

Step S5: Creation of the same transportation means delivery land operation sequence SMH [k] [j] and possible weight vector PSWT [k] First, create a set MHB of land transportation patterns and available shipping means for each delivery base. . An example of MHB is as follows.
MHB∈ {Delivery base A land transportation, delivery base B land transportation, ..., shipping means 1, shipping means 2, ...}

  A possible weight set MHBWT corresponding to the above is created.

  Each possible weight is the loadable weight obtained in S1-2 in the case of maritime means, and the total load weight obtained in S1-1 in the case of land transportation from the delivery base multiplied by the coefficient α> = 1. To do. α is the rotation rate of the actual land transportation means.

An example of the possible weight set MHBWT is as follows.
MHBWTε {delivery base A land transportation: xx, delivery base B land transportation: xx,..., Shipping means 1: xx, shipping means 2: xx,.

The same means of transportation and the same delivery land operation sequence SMH [k] [j] are defined as shown in Equation (3). If the element k of the MHB is included in the element j of the delivery pattern PT, 1 is set and 0 is set otherwise. .
SMH [k] [j] ∈ {0,1}, ∀k∈MHB, ∀j∈PT (3)

The possible weight vector PSWT [k] is defined as in Equation (4), and is the weight of the element k of MHBWT corresponding to the element k of MHB.
PSWT [k], ∀k∈MHB (4)

  Images of the above equations (3) and (4) are shown in FIGS.

Step S6: Creation of Transportation Cost Matrix CST [i] [j] A cost matrix CST [i] [j] that the transportation material source takes according to the transportation pattern is created.

  The transportation cost corresponding to the transportation pattern includes the weight of the transportation material source, the transportation distance for each transportation means according to the transportation pattern obtained from the delivery base / delivery destination distance master in FIG. 7, and the transportation means / relay location shown in FIG. The cost is calculated as shown in FIG.

The transport cost matrix CST [i] [j] is defined as in equation (5).
CST [i] [j], ∀i∈FR, ∀j∈PT (5)

Step S7: Creation of simultaneous shipping impossible matrix IMPS [l] [j] and possible load weight vector SDWT [l] This step S7 generates a transportation pattern that cannot be established at the same time in the transportation plan. First, a set of available shipping means l∈SM is defined.

  IMPS [l] [j] is 1 when the shipping means 1 is used in the transport pattern j, and 0 otherwise. At the same time, define a vector SDWT [l] of the possible payloads of the corresponding shipping means. 20 and 21 show the above data image.

The simultaneous shipping impossibility matrix IMPS [l] [j] is defined as equation (6), and the possible load weight vector SDWT [l] is defined as equation (7).
IMPS [l] [j] ∈ {0,1}, ∀l∈SM, ∀j∈PT (6)
SDWT [l], ∀l∈SM (7)

Step S8: Creation of transport pattern weight matrix PRIW [i] [j] PRIW [i] [j] is created as a weight vector for facilitating selection of a specific transport pattern for data of a specific transport material source.

  Since this vector is used as an adjusting means, all the initial data are set to 0, and the transportation plan output / adjusting means 309 is used.

The transport pattern weight matrix PRIW [i] [j] is defined as in equation (8).
PRIW [i] [j], ∀i∈FR, ∀j∈PT (8)

  The relay / direct delivery plan creation means 307 creates a direct delivery plan to a delivery destination using relay, land transportation, and sea transportation means between delivery bases using the data created by the transportation pattern creation means 306. In the following example, an example in which the relay / direct transmission plan creation problem is solved as a linear programming problem will be described.

First, the decision variable vX [i] [j] is defined. The decision variable vX [i] [j] is a variable that is 1 when the transport material source i is delivered in the transport pattern j and 0 in other cases, as defined in Equation (9).
vX [i] [j] ∈ {0,1}, ∀i∈FR, ∀j∈PT (9)

Further, by using the decision variable vX [i] [j] and the equation (1), the calculation result shown in the equation (10) is changed to the decision variable vX [i] [j], thereby reducing the variable to be decided. I can do it.
vX [i] [j] = vX [i] [j] * PTN [i] [j], ∀i∈FR, ∀j∈PT (10)

  Next, regarding the decision variable vX [i] [j], a constraint condition for creating a relay / direct transmission plan is defined.

Restriction 1:
The transport material source i is transported in one transport pattern.

The above constraint conditions are expressed by equation (11).
Σj∈PT vX [i] [j] = 1, ∀i∈FR (11)

Constraint 2:
Transport weight constraint for each transport pattern.

The above constraint conditions are expressed by equation (12) using equations (2), (3), and (4).
Σj∈FR ((Σi∈FR vX [i] [j] * WT [i] [j]) * SMH [k] [j]) <= PSWT [k], ∀k∈MHB
... (12)

Constraint 3:
Restriction on simultaneous delivery.

First, the following equation (13) is calculated, and the result is NUM [j]. NUM [j] is the number of transport material sources transported in the transport pattern j.
NUM [j] = Σi∈FR vX [i] [j], ∀j∈PT (13)

  Define NoZ [j] as an intermediate decision variable as equation (14).

NoZ [j] is a variable that becomes 1 when NUM [j]> 0. The above conditions are expressed by equation (15). Here, BigM is a sufficiently large integer value.
NoZ [j] ∈ {0,1}, ∀j∈PT (14)
NUM [j]> = NoZ [j]
NUM [j] <= NoZ [j] * BigM (15)

Using the above equations (14) and (15) and equations (6) and (7), the simultaneous delivery impossible constraint can be expressed by equation (16).
Σj∈PT NoZ [j] * IMPS [l] [j] <= SDWT [l], ∀l∈SM (16)

Define the following equation to calculate the objective function.
Transport cost calculation:
The transportation cost can be calculated as in equation (17) using equation (5).
Σi∈FRΣj∈PT vX [i] [j] * CST [i] [j] (17)

Evaluation calculation of the difference with the shipping weight that can be transported:
First, the total weight PTNWT [j] for each transport pattern is calculated as shown in equation (18) using equation (3).
PTNWT [j] = Σi∈FR vX [i] [j] * WT [i] [j], ∀j∈PT (18)

Using PTNWT [j] and equations (6) and (7), the evaluation of the difference between the shipping means possible load weight can be calculated as in equation (19).
Σl∈SM (Σj∈PTNWT [j] * IMPS [l] [j]-SDWT [l]) (19)

Transport pattern weight evaluation calculation:
The transport pattern weight evaluation can be calculated as in Expression (20) using Expression (8).
Σi∈FRΣj∈PT vX [i] [j] * PRIW [j] (20)

Using the equations (17), (19), and (20) defined above as the objective function, it is defined as the following equation (21).
W1 * Σi∈FRΣj∈PT vX [i] [j] * CST [i] [j]
+ W2 * Σl∈SM (Σj∈PTNWT [j] * IMPS [l] [j] -SDWT [l])
+ W3 * Σi∈FRΣj∈PT vX [i] [j] * PRIW [j]
However, W1 + W2 + W3 = 1 (21)

  By performing optimization processing that minimizes the objective function under the constraints defined above, the land transportation plan for each delivery base, the direct delivery plan from the delivery base to the delivery destination using shipping, and the shipping means A relay plan between the delivery bases used can be created.

  For example, “Let's use mixed integer programming (MIP): Modeling practice and its background”, Mathematical Modeling Laboratory, Naoji Nosue, ILOG Optimization seminar document, http: //www.math-model Use the commercial solver disclosed in .co.jp / ILOG_OPT_Seminar_2006_Rev.pdf, the free software solver provided by COIN-OR (http://www.coin-or.org/index.html), etc. Can be done.

  With the above, a direct delivery plan from a delivery base to a delivery destination using shipping and a relay plan between delivery bases using shipping means can be created.

  The transportation simulation execution means 308 creates a detailed land transportation plan of the transportation plan created by the relay / direct delivery plan creation means 307. FIG. 22 shows a transport simulation execution means processing flow.

Step S11: Creation of land transportation source data and land transportation plan creation data Land transportation materials can be easily identified from the result vX [i] [j] in the relay / direct delivery plan creation means 307, The same applies to the case where there is a relay.

  From the above land transportation material source and master data, the delivery order data, vehicle master, distance master, delivery destination master, transportation master, base master, virtual revenue master, virtual cost shown in FIGS. Create master data.

Step S12: Land transport plan creation Using the data created in Step S11, a land transport plan is created using the vehicle operation plan creation method disclosed in Patent Document 4.

Step S13: Land transport plan output The result of step S12 is output as a land transport plan.

  The transportation plan output / adjustment unit 309 displays the result of the transportation plan simulation created by the relay / direct delivery plan creation unit 307 and the transportation simulation execution unit 308, and adjusts the transportation plan based on the displayed result. Provide a means.

  An example of the output of the transportation plan is shown in FIGS. 23A and 23B, and an example of the output for adjustment is shown in FIG.

  FIG. 24 shows the planned state of the land transportation means for each delivery base, and the transportation result is adjusted with reference to the above planned state.

  24-A is a chart showing the operation schedule of the transportation means for each delivery base in the land transport result, and the empty vehicle indicates the number of units returned to the delivery base to which it belongs after the actual shipment, A base * (* indicates A, B, C, etc.) indicates the number of units that returned to the base * after the actual shipment and transported the cargo at the base *. The efficient transportation result indicates that the number of empty vehicles is small in the display of 24-A.

  24-B represents the utilization rate of the transportation means belonging to the delivery base *, and 100% means that all possessed transportation means are used for delivery. Here, it is desirable that the efficient transportation result is such that the utilization rate at each site is the same within a range not exceeding 100% at each delivery site.

  24-C quantifies the characteristics of the transport material source transported from the delivery base *.

  24-C-1 shows the quantity of cargo with time designation in the morning in the transport material source in black. If there is a large amount of cargo with a morning time designation, the possibility of running out of transportation increases.

  24-C-2 represents a delivery base that has the lowest transportation cost to the delivery destination among the transportation material sources, and 24-C-3 represents a delivery base that has the second lowest transportation cost. The above is displayed as information for adjustment.

  In the example of FIG. 24, at the delivery base B, the transportation means utilization rate exceeds 100%, as shown at 24-1, and the cause is that the cause of the morning time designation of the transportation material source as shown at 24-2. This is probably due to the large amount of certain cargo.

To adjust the above state,
(1) Distributing the transportation material source of the delivery base B in the morning time to other delivery bases (2) A method of supplementing the transportation means of the delivery base B with other transportation means is conceivable.

  In the case of (1), adjustment is made by making it difficult to select the transportation pattern related to the delivery base B for the cargo with the time specified in the morning delivered from the delivery base B in the transport material source data. I can do it. Specifically, the weight data of the transport pattern weight matrix of Expression (8) can be realized by giving positive data regarding the corresponding transport pattern.

  In the case of (2), the transportation means data item “transportation means base change position” is rewritten as the delivery base B in order to transfer the transportation means not used at other delivery bases to the delivery base B.

  In addition, the combined use of (1) and (2) is also conceivable.

  As described above, in order to create a realistic transportation plan, it is possible to create a transportation plan in a short time as a result of providing the adjustment means as described above and interactively creating the transportation plan.

  When adjustment is performed by the transportation plan output / adjustment unit 309, the process returns to the transportation pattern creation unit 306 again, and a transportation plan is created again.

  When the adjustment is not performed, the transportation plan transfer unit 310 transfers the transportation plan to the downstream delivery base shipping system 311 and instructs the execution of the plan.

  In the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to a combination of land transportation and sea transportation. However, the application target of the present invention is not limited to this, and air transportation can be combined.

300 ... Upstream system 301 ... Shipping material source management DB
302 ... Transportation management DB
303 ... Master DB
304: Input means 305 ... Data extraction means 306 ... Transportation pattern creation means 307 ... Relay / direct delivery plan creation means 308 ... Transportation simulation execution means 309 ... Transportation plan output / adjustment means 310 ... Transportation plan transfer means 311 ... Downstream system

Claims (4)

An apparatus for creating a transportation plan for transporting a package at a plurality of delivery destinations at a date and time designated by a plurality of delivery destinations from a plurality of delivery bases,
A means of entering the data necessary to create a transportation plan;
Means to retrieve the necessary data;
Transport route pattern creating means for creating one or more transportable transport route patterns for each cargo to be transported;
Based on the transportation route pattern created by the transportation route pattern creation means, use a plurality of transportation means to create a transportation plan for transportation to a delivery destination via a relay point and a transportation plan for direct delivery from the delivery base to the delivery destination. Relay / direct transport plan creation means,
A transportation simulation execution means for creating a transportation plan to a delivery destination on the day of delivery from the transportation plan of the relay / direct transportation transportation plan creation means;
A transportation plan output / adjustment means for displaying the result of the transportation simulation execution means and evaluating and adjusting the transportation plan;
A transportation plan transmission means for transmitting the created transportation plan to a downstream system in order to execute the created transportation plan;
With
The transportation route pattern creation means performs data preprocessing for the transportation means, enumerates possible transportation patterns including transportation means for the transportation material source data, and creates a relation matrix indicating the relationship between the transportation material source data and the transportation pattern. Create a weight matrix, create the same transportation land delivery train and possible weight vector, create a transportation cost matrix, create a maritime transportation means simultaneous delivery impossible matrix and possible load weight vector, transport pattern weight Create a matrix
In the relay / direct transportation plan creation means, a transportation plan is created by an optimization calculation by linear programming,
And in the transport simulation execution means, land transportation material source data, create data for land transportation planning, transportation simulation 1 vehicle performs transport of a plurality of times, the land transportation transportation planning row by the optimization calculation with meta heuristics create and transportation schedule creation device and outputs a land feeding plan.   2. The transportation plan output / adjustment means according to claim 1, wherein at least the number of empty shipments of the transportation means for each delivery base, the utilization rate of the transportation means, and the time designation in the transportation material source data loaded from each delivery base are specified. A transportation plan creation device that displays transportation material source quantities collected for each delivery base having a low transportation cost or a short transportation distance and adjusts transportation plans using these information. A method of using a computer to create a transportation plan for transporting packages from a plurality of delivery bases using a plurality of transportation means at a date and time designated as a plurality of delivery destinations.
The data input means inputs data necessary for creating a transportation plan, and the data extraction means extracts necessary data,
The transportation route pattern creation means creates one or more transportable transportation route patterns for each cargo to be transported,
The relay / direct transport plan creation means uses a plurality of transport means based on the transport route pattern created by the transport route pattern creation means to deliver to the delivery destination via the relay point and the delivery base. Create a transportation plan that goes directly to the destination,
The transportation simulation execution means creates a transportation plan to the delivery destination on the day of delivery from the transportation plan of the relay / direct transportation transportation plan creation means,
The transportation plan output / adjustment means displays the result of the transportation simulation execution means so that the transportation plan can be evaluated and adjusted.
When the transportation plan transmission means transmits the created transportation plan to the downstream system in order to execute the created transportation plan,
The transportation route pattern creation means performs data preprocessing for the transportation means, enumerates possible transportation patterns including transportation means for the transportation material source data, and creates a relation matrix indicating the relationship between the transportation material source data and the transportation pattern. Create a weight matrix, create the same transportation land delivery train and possible weight vector, create a transportation cost matrix, create a maritime transportation means simultaneous delivery impossible matrix and possible load weight vector, transport pattern weight Create a matrix
In the relay / direct transportation plan creation means, a transportation plan is created by an optimization calculation by linear programming,
And in the transport simulation execution means, land transportation material source data, create data for land transportation planning, transportation simulation 1 vehicle performs transport of a plurality of times, the land transportation transportation planning row by the optimization calculation with meta heuristics transportation planning method characterized by creating, and outputs a land feeding plan. A program for creating a transportation plan for transporting a package from a plurality of delivery bases using a plurality of transportation means at a date and time designated as a plurality of delivery destinations,
On the computer,
Have the process of inputting the data necessary to create a transportation plan and the process of retrieving the necessary data,
Possible to create one or more transportable transport route patterns for each cargo to be transported, transport route pattern creation processing, pre-transport data, and transport material data including shipping means Enumerate various transport patterns, create a relationship matrix that shows the relationship between transport source data and transport patterns, create a weight matrix, create the same transportation means, delivery land operation sequence, possible weight vector, and create a transport cost matrix And by creating a matrix of maritime transport means simultaneous delivery impossible matrix, possible load weight vector, and creating a transport pattern weight matrix ,
From the transportation route pattern created by the transportation route pattern creation processing, a transportation plan for transporting to a delivery destination via a relay point and a transportation plan for direct delivery from the delivery base to the delivery destination using a plurality of transportation means are linearly Have the relay / direct transportation plan creation process created by the optimization calculation by the planning method,
Based on the transport plan of the relay / direct transport plan creation process, land transportation material source data and land transportation plan creation data are created, and a transportation simulation in which one transportation means transports multiple times is performed by an optimization calculation using a metaheuristic method. By creating a land transportation plan and outputting the land transportation plan, a transportation simulation execution process for creating a transportation plan to the delivery destination on the day of delivery is performed,
Display the result of the transportation simulation execution process, evaluate and adjust the transportation plan, and perform the transportation plan output / adjustment process;
A program for creating a transportation plan, which functions to cause a transportation plan transmission process for transmitting the created transportation plan to a downstream system in order to execute the created transportation plan.

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