JP5974346B1 - Inorganic material construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention proposes a method for constructing an inorganic material that can be constructed easily and quickly. A method of constructing an inorganic material in which a fiber reinforced cement composite material is handed over to an existing concrete member, the saturation step S2 for saturating water on the joint surface of the existing concrete member, An inorganic material construction method comprising a test step S3 for performing a slump flow test and a placing step S4 for placing a fiber-reinforced cement composite material on a joint surface where water is saturated. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for constructing an inorganic material to be handed over to an existing concrete member.

  Ultra High Strength Fiber Reinforced Concrete (UFC) is generally difficult to manage because it has a low water binder ratio and contains fibers. For this reason, it has been common to use ultra-high strength fiber reinforced concrete for precast members by factory production or the like.

  On the other hand, ultra-high-strength fiber reinforced concrete is dense and exhibits high strength, so that it is possible to reduce the cross-section of the member and to construct a structure excellent in water-stopping property. Therefore, it has been studied to apply ultra-high strength fiber reinforced concrete to on-site construction such as repair and expansion of existing concrete structures.

  In addition, when cement-type materials, such as concrete, are succeeded to the existing concrete member, it is known that a water | moisture content will be absorbed from the surface of the existing concrete member. Since ultra-high strength fiber reinforced concrete has a low water binder ratio, if moisture is absorbed by the existing concrete member side, the hydration reaction becomes insufficient, and the required strength may not be exhibited.

  Therefore, Patent Document 1 discloses a construction method in which an epoxy resin adhesive is applied to the surface of an existing concrete member, and then a fiber-reinforced cement composite material is placed on the upper surface of the adhesive. According to this construction method, since the adhesive is interposed between the existing concrete member and the fiber reinforced cement composite material, the moisture of the fiber reinforced cement composite material is not absorbed by the existing concrete member, A desired strength expression can be expected.

JP2015-129393A

  When applying or spraying the adhesive onto the concrete surface, the concrete surface needs to be dry. Therefore, when the concrete surface is wet, it is necessary to stop the operation until the concrete surface is dried or to force the concrete surface to dry. For example, in the case of repairing an existing concrete structure or the like, when a repair material is cast after a part of a concrete member is suspended by a water jet, an adhesive may be applied until the surface of the concrete member is dried. Can not. Moreover, when construction is performed on an outdoor concrete structure, the work depends on the weather.

Thus, the conventional construction method using an adhesive may affect the shortening of the construction period.
On the other hand, when using a heating means such as a burner to promote the drying of the concrete surface, the work is laborious and the equipment costs and labor costs are high.

  From such a viewpoint, an object of the present invention is to propose an inorganic material construction method that enables simple and early construction.

The present invention for solving the above problems, the existing concrete member a construction method of an inorganic material splicing out the fiber-reinforced cement composites, saturated step of saturating the water out joint surface of the existing concrete member, water A test process for performing a slump flow test on the fiber reinforced cement composite material using a flow plate provided on the surface, and a placement for placing the fiber reinforced cement composite material on the joint surface saturated with water that we have a process.

  According to such a construction method of an inorganic material, since the joint surface is saturated with water, the moisture for allowing the fiber-reinforced cement composite material to contribute to the hydration reaction is not absorbed by the existing concrete member. Therefore, the fiber reinforced cement composite material has a hydration reaction promoted to become a dense and high-strength hardened body, and consequently a hardened body excellent in blocking of deterioration factors. Moreover, according to the construction method of an inorganic material, since it is possible to omit the labor and time required for drying the joint portion, the construction period can be shortened and the cost can be reduced.

  The “fiber reinforced cement composite material” includes, for example, J-THIFCOM (registered trademark), Saxem (registered trademark), Ductal (registered trademark), so-called ultra high strength fiber reinforced concrete (such as Slim Cleat (registered trademark)) ( UFC) or high-strength fiber reinforced mortar may be used.

  In the saturation step, a layer of water is formed on the joint surface, and after the joint surface is surely saturated, the fiber-reinforced cement composite material may be poured into the water layer in the placement step. Good. At this time, the depth of the water layer is desirably 2 mm or less, and more desirably within a range of 1 mm or more and 2 mm or less.

  When the method for applying an inorganic material according to the present invention is used for repairing an existing concrete structure, it is only necessary to include a suspension step of removing the surface of the existing concrete member to form the joint surface.

  According to the method for applying an inorganic material of the present invention, a fiber-reinforced cement composite material can be handed over to an existing concrete member easily and quickly.

It is a flowchart figure which shows the construction method of the inorganic material which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the cutting process of the construction method of the same inorganic material, Comprising: (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a fragmentary sectional view. It is a figure which shows the saturation process of the construction method of the same inorganic material, Comprising: (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a fragmentary sectional view. (A) And (b) is sectional drawing which shows typically each step of the test process of the construction method of the same inorganic material. It is a figure which shows the saturation process of the construction method of the same inorganic material, Comprising: (a) is a perspective view, (b) is a fragmentary sectional view of a placement condition, (c) is a fragmentary sectional view of a filling condition. It is a perspective view which shows a mixer. It is sectional drawing which shows typically the construction method of the inorganic material which concerns on another form.

In the embodiment of the present invention, in the repair work of the existing concrete slab, by covering the surface of the concrete slab with a hardened body of fiber reinforced cement composite material (inorganic material), water, air to the concrete slab, A case where the penetration of deterioration factors such as salt is suppressed will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, the method for applying an inorganic material of the present embodiment includes a cutting step S1, a saturation step S2, a test step S3, a placing step S4, and a curing step S5.

  Here, the fiber-reinforced cement composite material used in this embodiment includes at least a reinforcing fiber, a fine aggregate, a water reducing agent, a shrinkage reducing agent, an antifoaming agent, and water in a material composed of cement, limestone filler, and silica fume. Super high strength fiber reinforced concrete produced by kneading shall be used. In this embodiment, J-THIFCOM (registered trademark) is used as such super-strength fiber reinforced concrete. The material added to the fiber reinforced cement composite material is not limited to the above.

  In addition to J-THIFCOM (registered trademark), fiber reinforced cement composite materials include so-called ultra-high-strength fiber reinforced concrete (UFC) such as Saxem (registered trademark), Ductal (registered trademark), and Slim Cleat (registered trademark). Can be used.

  In this embodiment, ultra-high-strength fiber reinforced concrete (UFC) is used as a repair material used for repairing an existing concrete floor slab, but the repair material has sufficient strength as a floor slab, and The fiber-reinforced cement composite material is not limited as long as it is dense enough to block deterioration factors such as water and air and has a yield strength that does not cause breakage such as cracks.

Ordinary Portland cement is used as the cement. The cement is not limited to ordinary Portland cement. For example, when early strength development is required, early-strength Portland cement or ultra-early-strength Portland cement can be used. In the present embodiment, cement is added in the range of 350 to 450 L, preferably in the range of 380 to 420 L per 1 m ³ of the mixture (ultra high strength fiber reinforced concrete 7). When the amount of cement added is less than 350 L per 1 m ^{3 of} the mixture, there is a possibility that it is impossible to ensure a sufficient performance of blocking deterioration factors. Moreover, when it exceeds 450L per 1 m < ³ > of a mixture, there exists a possibility that it may become impossible to ensure fluidity | liquidity.

As the limestone filler, limestone powder having a density of about 27 to 28 g / cm ³ and a CaCo ₃ (calcium carbonate) component of 95% or more is used. The limestone filler is added in the range of 100 to 200 L, preferably in the range of 120 to 180 L per 1 m ³ of the mixture. Limestone powder has a good shape and has the effect of improving the fluidity of the cement paste. The addition amount of limestone filler, if it is less than mixture 1 m ³ per 100L, may not be ensured appropriate fluidity of the punching設時. The amount of limestone filler is greater than mixture 1 m ³ per 200L, it may become impossible to ensure the breaking performance of sufficient degradation factors.

As the silica fume, a glassy silica spherical ultrafine particle powder having a diameter of about 0.1 to 0.2 μm is used. Silica fume contributes to improving the strength and durability of concrete, and is effective in improving concrete construction (during kneading) by controlling the low water powder ratio. Silica fume is added within a range of 50 to 100 L, preferably 60 to 75 L per 1 m ³ of the mixture. When the amount of silica fume added is less than 50 L per 1 m ^{3 of} the mixture, the viscosity and material separation resistance are lowered, and predetermined fluidity cannot be secured. On the other hand, if the amount of silica fume added exceeds 100 L per 1 m ^{3 of} the mixture, the balance of the chemical composition and the particle size distribution of the mixture may be lost, and it may not be possible to ensure a sufficient performance of blocking deterioration factors.

As the reinforcing fiber, a fiber having a diameter of 0.15 to 0.3 mm and a length of 6 to 25 mm is used. In this case, the fiber may be either metal or organic fiber, or a combination thereof. Examples of the organic fiber include vinylon fiber, polypropylene fiber, and carbon fiber.
The reinforcing fiber is added in a range of 1 to 6% by volume ratio of the mixture. If the volume ratio of the reinforcing fiber is less than 1%, the reinforcing effect of the fiber is reduced, and there is a fear that a sufficient performance of blocking the deterioration factor cannot be obtained. Further, if the volume ratio of the reinforcing fibers is larger than 6%, the fluidity of the concrete may be lowered and the reinforcing fibers may not be evenly dispersed. Unit amount of fiber strain mixture 1 m ³ per scope curing characteristics are not degraded, preferably 75~315kg / ^{m 3,} more preferably 150~240kg / ^{m 3.}

As the fine aggregate, a metal fine aggregate (for example, iron powder) or silica sand having a particle size of 0.05 to 0.3 mm is used. The combination of reinforcing fibers and fine aggregates contributes to improved dispersion of fibers during mixing and stabilization of the specific gravity of the entire material in the mixer so as not to generate fiber balls. Fine aggregate mixture 1 m ³ per the mixing amount in the range of strain hardening characteristics are not degraded, preferably a 75~315kg / ^{m 3,} more preferably 150~240kg / ^{m 3.} Mixing amount in the case of silica sand mixture 1 m ³ per preferably 25~110kg / ^{m 3,} more preferably 50~85kg / ^{m 3.}

As the water reducing agent, lignin type, naphthalene sulfonic acid type, melanin type, polycarboxylic acid type, AE water reducing agent, high performance water reducing agent, high performance AE water reducing agent can be used. The blending amount of the water reducing agent is preferably 0.5 to 7.0 parts by weight, more preferably 10 parts by weight with respect to 10 parts by weight of cement, in consideration of mortar fluidity, separation resistance, strength after hardening, and compactness. Is 1.75 to 2.5 parts by weight. The amount of water reducing agent added per 1 m ^{3 of the} mixture is preferably 21 to 48 kg / m ³ , more preferably 25 to 40 kg / m ³ .

As the shrinkage reducing agent, _one having a compound represented by the chemical formula R ₁ O (A ₁₀ ) mH as a main component is used. In the chemical formula, R ₁ is hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. The addition amount of the shrinkage reducing agent is preferably 0.5 to 3.0 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement in consideration of workability of mortar, separation resistance, strength after hardening and resistance to cracking. More preferably, it is 1.1-2.0 weight part. The amount of the shrinking agent added per 1 m ^{3 of the} mixture is preferably 15 to 35 kg / m ³ , more preferably 18 to 27 kg / m ³ .

Examples of the anti-packaging agent include phosphate ester, silicon, polyalkylene glycol, and polyoxyalkylene. The defoaming material is preferably 0.1 to 2.0 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 1.2 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement. The addition amount of the defoaming material per 1 m ^{3 of the} mixture is preferably 7 to 16 kg / m ^3, more preferably 8 to 12 kg / m ³ .

  The water / binder ratio is preferably 15 to 25% by mass, more preferably 19 to 22% by mass, from the viewpoint of mortar fluidity and separation resistance, and strength and durability after curing. If the water / binder ratio is less than 15% by mass, kneading may not be possible. On the other hand, if the water / binder ratio exceeds 25% by mass, it may not be possible to secure sufficient performance for blocking deterioration factors.

  If necessary, the mixture of the present embodiment may contain an expansion agent / aggregation accelerator, a setting retarder, a thickener, a synthetic resin powder, a polymer emulsion, a polymer dispersion, and the like.

The cutting step S1 is a step of cutting the surface of the concrete slab (existing concrete member) 1 as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b).
A pavement 2 is laid on the surface of the concrete slab 1. In addition, although the pavement 2 of this embodiment is comprised by the surface layer 21 and the base layer 22, the pavement structure is not limited to this.

  In the cutting process, the surface of the concrete slab 1 is removed by a water jet to expose the joining surface 11 of the ultra high strength fiber reinforced concrete. In addition, the cutting means of the concrete floor slab 1 is not limited to a water jet.

  In this embodiment, the pavement 2 is cut and removed by a road surface cutting machine to expose the surface of the concrete floor slab 1, and then the surface of the concrete floor slab 1 is lifted using the chipping machine 3. The chipping machine 3 is provided with a plurality of nozzles (not shown) for injecting high-pressure water (water jet) downward. The chiseling machine 3 includes a plurality of wheels and is configured to be able to travel on the concrete floor slab 1.

  The cutting operation by the chiseling machine 3 is performed by spraying high-pressure water pumped from the pump truck 31 through the water pipe 32 toward the concrete slab 1 from the nozzle. At this time, the chiseling machine 3 is moved at any time to cut a predetermined range.

The cut material (glass) and drainage of the pavement 2 or the concrete floor slab 1 generated by cutting are removed by suction. In the present embodiment, the glass and the waste water are collected in the tank of the vacuum wheel 4 by being sucked from the tip of the vacuum pipe 41 extending from the vacuum wheel 4.
As the glass is collected, the surface of the cutting surface (joint surface 11) is polished and cleaned as necessary.

The saturation step S2 is a step of saturating water on the joint surface 11 as shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b).
In the present embodiment, the joint surface 11 is saturated by forming a layer of water W on the surface of the joint surface 11.

  In the saturation step S <b> 2, first, the mold 5 is installed around the joint surface 11. At this time, it is desirable to perform the clogging process so that a gap is not formed on the contact surface between the mold 5 and the floor slab 1. In addition, the material used for the formwork 5 is not limited, For example, a wooden board may be used. Moreover, the range in which the formwork 5 is installed is not limited and may be set as appropriate. For example, what is necessary is just to set according to the capability (the quantity of the repair material which can be manufactured) of the apparatus which manufactures the repair material cast in a placement process. Furthermore, the mold 5 may be installed as necessary and may be omitted. Further, the mold 5 may be installed in advance before the cutting process.

  Next, water W is poured into the mold 5. The amount of water W is such that a layer of water W having a depth of 2 mm or less, preferably 1 mm to 2 mm, is formed on the surface of the concrete slab 1. In addition, the water W in the mold 5 may include water sprayed in the cutting step S1. Moreover, the depth of the layer of water W is not limited and may be set as appropriate.

  As shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the test step S3 is a step of performing a slump flow test for the purpose of confirming the properties of the ultrahigh-strength fiber reinforced concrete 7 that is a repair material. In addition, the timing which implements test process S3 is not limited after saturation process S2, for example, you may carry out in parallel with cutting process S1 or saturation process S2, and before cutting process S1 or saturation process S2 You may go.

  The slump flow test is performed on a flow plate 6 provided in water. The depth of water at this time is not limited, but is about 2 mm in this embodiment. In the present embodiment, it is confirmed that the slump flow value is within the range of 100 mm to 350 mm (target slump flow value). In addition, when the slump flow value deviates from 100 mm to 350 mm, the blending is readjusted. Here, the target slump flow value is appropriately determined depending on the part of the structure in which the ultra high strength fiber reinforced concrete is placed.

  The ultra high strength fiber reinforced concrete 7 is desirably manufactured in accordance with the timing of the test step S3. In this embodiment, the ultra high strength fiber reinforced concrete 7 is manufactured using the mixer M (refer FIG. 6) installed in the work yard of the construction site.

  The type of the mixer M is not limited, but it is desirable to use a mixer having a vertical and horizontal axis rotation mechanism, a rating of 200 to 400 V, and a rotation speed of 45 to 55 ppm / min. As shown in FIG. 6, the mixer M of the present embodiment has one side wall blade B1, two floor blades B2, and four rod-like blades B3. The side wall blade B1, the floor blade B2, and the rod-shaped blade B3 rotate (revolve) around the vertical axis provided at the center of the mixer M. Further, the four rod-shaped blades B3 rotate (rotate) around the vertical axis provided at the center of the rod-shaped blades B3.

  In ultra-high-strength fiber reinforced concrete, first, materials excluding liquid admixture such as water and water reducing agent and reinforcing fibers are kneaded for 2 minutes (empty kneading). Next, water and a liquid admixture are added and kneaded for 10 to 20 minutes (main kneading). Subsequently, reinforcing fibers are added and kneaded for 2 minutes to produce ultra high strength fiber reinforced concrete. In addition, the manufacturing method (procedure of an ultra high strength fiber reinforced concrete is not limited to this.

The placing step S4 is a step for placing the ultra high strength fiber reinforced concrete 7 on the joint surface 11 as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) to 5 (c).
The ultra high strength fiber reinforced concrete 7 is placed in the mold 5. In the present embodiment, the ultra-high-strength fiber reinforced concrete 7 manufactured by the mixer is transported to the placement site by a construction machine such as a wheel-type tractor excavator and then poured into the mold 5 (see FIG. 5A).

  When the ultra high strength fiber reinforced concrete 7 is poured into the mold 5, the ultra high strength fiber reinforced concrete 7 flows in the mold 5 without being separated. At this time, the water W staying in the mold 5 is pushed away by the ultra high strength fiber reinforced concrete 7. Therefore, the ultra high strength fiber reinforced concrete 7 comes into contact with the surface of the joint surface 11 saturated with water W (see FIGS. 5B and 5C). Since the ultra-high-strength fiber reinforced concrete 7 has fluidity and self-filling properties, it is evenly spread in the mold 5 by pouring into the mold 5 (see FIG. 5C). .

The curing step S5 is a step of curing the ultra high strength fiber reinforced concrete 7 placed on the concrete floor slab 1.
Curing of the ultra high strength fiber reinforced concrete 7 is performed by so-called normal curing. In the curing process, the surface may be protected by covering the sheet according to the weather or the temperature of the outside air.

According to the construction method of the inorganic material of this embodiment, since the joint surface 11 is saturated with water, the moisture of the ultra high strength fiber reinforced concrete 7 is not absorbed by the concrete floor slab 1. Therefore, the ultra-high-strength fiber reinforced concrete 7 becomes a dense and high-strength hardened body with accelerated hydration reaction and an air permeability coefficient of 0.001 × 10 ⁻¹⁶ cm / sec or less. Further, since a dense cured body is formed, it is not necessary to install a waterproof material, a water shielding material, or the like on the surface.

  Further, the ultra high strength fiber reinforced concrete 7 is prevented from cracking due to the crosslinking effect of the reinforcing fibers, and the cured body has high density and high strength. Therefore, the cured body of the ultra-high-strength fiber reinforced concrete 7 has a chloride ion penetration depth of 0 or less in the JIS A 1171-2000 test method and a neutralization depth of JIS A 1171-2000 test method. It is 0 or less, and damage caused by so-called salt damage can be suppressed.

  Further, even when the joining surface 11 is wet by the water jet in the hanging process, the labor and time required for drying the joining surface 11 can be omitted, so compared to the conventional construction method using an adhesive. The construction period can be shortened and the cost can be reduced. In addition, since the construction process can be continuously performed from the hanging process to the placing process, the construction period can be shortened.

Since the properties of the ultra high strength fiber reinforced concrete 7 have been confirmed using the flow plate 6 provided in the water, the fluidity and the filling properties can be obtained even when it is placed in the water W layer. Secure and develop necessary strength.
The ultra-high-strength fiber reinforced concrete 7 has a small water binder ratio and is densified, so it does not separate in water. Further, the water W is not absorbed by the ultra-high-strength fiber reinforced concrete 7 and the water binder ratio does not change significantly.

  Since the ultra-high-strength fiber reinforced concrete 7 is used as the repair material, the strength of the cured body is higher than that of the conventional repair material, and the thickness can be reduced. For this reason, it is possible to reduce the weight of superstructures such as bridges, which in turn can improve earthquake resistance.

  The embodiment according to the present invention has been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the above-described components can be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

  Although the said embodiment demonstrated the case where the super-high-strength fiber reinforced concrete 7 was succeeded after cutting a part of existing structure (cutting process), a cutting process should just be implemented as needed. That is, for example, when a concrete member (new structure) previously placed is handed over, a new fiber-reinforced cement composite material may be placed in a state where water is saturated on the joint surface. Moreover, you may employ | adopt the construction method of the inorganic material of this invention also when placing thickened concrete directly on the surface of an existing concrete member.

  In the case of employing the method for applying an inorganic material of the present invention as a repairer, the structure to be repaired is not limited to a floor slab. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, when repairing a bridge pier, you may employ | adopt the construction method of an inorganic material. In addition, when repairing a bridge pier, it is not limited to the upper surface of a bridge pier, Repair of a side surface etc. is also possible. The ultra-high strength fiber reinforced concrete 7 of the present embodiment has been confirmed to be excellent in self-filling properties in the test process, so even when placing the side or bottom surface of an existing concrete member, By filling the mold, it can be brought into close contact with the joint surface.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the water layer is formed on the joint surface has been described. However, the joint surface may be saturated with water, and the water layer is not necessarily formed. As a method of saturating the joining surface with water without forming a water layer, for example, water is applied to the joining surface (water is retained facing the joining surface) and sufficient. Water may be removed after water has been infiltrated into the water (after full saturation).

In the cutting process, the adhesiveness between the concrete floor slab 1 and the ultra high strength fiber reinforced concrete 7 may be improved by polishing and flattening the joint surface 11.
In the placing process, the super high strength fiber reinforced concrete 7 may be placed after being placed in the water, or only a part of the ultra high strength fiber reinforced concrete 7 is in the water and the rest is in the air. It may be spread.

The fiber reinforced cement composite material used in the method for applying an inorganic material of the present invention is not limited to ultra high strength fiber reinforced concrete. For example, fiber reinforced mortar may be used as the fiber reinforced cement composite material.
Further, the blending of the fiber reinforced cement composite material is not limited to the blending shown in the above embodiment.

1 Concrete floor slab (existing concrete members)
11 Jointing surface 2 Pavement 3 Chiseling machine 4 Vacuum truck 5 Formwork 6 Flow board 7 Ultra high strength fiber reinforced concrete (fiber reinforced cement composite material)

Claims (3)

It is a construction method of an inorganic material in which a fiber reinforced cement composite material is transferred to an existing concrete member,
A saturation step of saturating water on the joint surface of the existing concrete member;
A test process for performing a slump flow test on the fiber-reinforced cement composite material using a flow plate provided in water;
And a placing step of placing a fiber-reinforced cement composite material on the joint surface saturated with water. In the saturation step, a water layer is formed on the joint surface,
The method for applying an inorganic material according to claim 1, wherein in the placing step, the fiber-reinforced cement composite material is poured into the water layer.   The method for applying an inorganic material according to claim 1, further comprising a cutting step of cutting the surface of the existing concrete member to form the joint surface.

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