JP5956990B2 - Slow heatr with vortex suppression - Google Patents

Description

  The present disclosure relates generally to a heat sink, and more particularly to a heat sink with vortex suppression.

  Steam supply systems typically produce or generate superheated steam having a relatively high temperature (eg, a temperature above the saturation temperature) above the maximum allowable use temperature of downstream equipment. In some situations, superheated steam having a temperature that exceeds the maximum allowable operating temperature of the downstream equipment can damage the downstream equipment.

  Thus, steam supply systems typically employ a heat sink to reduce or control the temperature of the fluid or steam downstream from the heat sink. Some known heat sinks (eg, insertable heat sinks) are bodies that are suspended or arranged substantially perpendicular to the fluid flow path of the vapor flowing in a passage (eg, a pipeline). Part. The heat sink includes a passage for injecting or spraying cooling water into the steam flow to reduce the temperature of the steam flowing downstream from the heat sink.

  However, in some applications, superheated steam may flow at a relatively high velocity through the fluid flow path and experience an unsteady flow across the body of the slow heat exchanger placed in the fluid flow path. Such high velocity or unsteady flow can cause vortex shedding, resulting in vortex-excited vibrations and / or lift forces that are transmitted to the body of the heat sink, which can cause the body to vibrate. . In particular, in some situations, vortex-excited vibrations that resonate at a frequency that is substantially similar to or the same as the natural frequency of the body of the heat sink can cause damage to the heat sink or otherwise damage it. , Thereby reducing the operating life of the heat sink.

In one example, the example slow heatr is
A book having a passageway for the fluid flow path in the pipeline to provide cooling water, while the body extends in between the first end and a second end, the said body first includes an end flange of the flange is configured to couple with the previous SL pipeline so that by extending the body into the pipeline, and the body,
And the recess of the body disposed in the second end of the body,
Wherein the pipeline and at least one opening that opens through the body, is disposed in said recess adjacent to said second end, and at least one opening,
A vortex suppression device adjacent to the second end of the body .
Vortex suppressing device is arranged in the fluid flow path in order to leave or flow induced vibration attenuating or suppressing eddy transmitted to gentle heat sink by fluid in the fluid flow path, and, vortex suppression device and a steep thermal the fluid flowing across the main body of the vessel in order to attenuate or suppress the detachment and flow induced vibration of the vortex transmitted to the body of the slow-heater extends about the present body, extend in a discontinuous configuration around the body Therefore, it is interrupted by the recess.

In another example, a heat sink to be coupled to a pipeline is
A body having a passage extending between a flange at a first end of the body and at least one opening positioned in a recess in the body, the recess adjacent the second end of the body And a heat sink is disposed on the flange of the body such that the body is substantially perpendicular to the fluid flow in the pipeline and the at least one opening is substantially parallel to the fluid flow. A body that is suspended in a fluid flow when coupled to the pipeline via
A vortex formed integrally with the main body adjacent to the second end and the recess and disposed along an outer surface of the main body and transmitted to the main body of the heat sink by a fluid flowing across the main body; A vortex suppression device for attenuating or suppressing detachment and vortex excitation vibrations, the vortex suppression device being interrupted by the recess to extend in a discontinuous configuration around the outer surface of the body.

FIG. 2 illustrates a fluid system implemented with a known heat sink. FIG. 3 illustrates a fluid system implemented with an example heat sink with vortex suppression as described herein. FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating the example slow heatr of FIG. 2A. FIG. 6 illustrates another example slow heatr described herein. FIG. 3 illustrates yet another example slow heatr described herein.

  The example cooler described herein provides vortex suppression to significantly reduce or eliminate vortex excitation vibration caused by vortex shedding, thereby increasing the operating life of the cooler. The example heat sink described herein significantly reduces eddy excitation vibrations that may be caused by superheated steam flowing across the heat sink at a relatively high speed (eg, 300 feet / second). In addition, it may be used with a steam supply system.

  In particular, the example heat sink described herein includes a vortex suppressor adjacent the end of the body of the heat sink. The vortex suppressor suppresses or significantly reduces vortex shedding, alters or attenuates the magnitude of resonant vortex excitation oscillations and associated steady drag, and / or vortex trains (eg, two-dimensional vortex trains or wakes ( wake)) generation is interrupted or prevented.

  In some examples, the vortex suppressor is formed integrally with the body of the heat sink. In these examples, the vortex suppressor is a helical side plate to reduce or significantly reduce vortex shedding that could otherwise develop as fluid flows across the body of the heat sink. strake), multiple ribs, splines, multiple protruding surfaces (eg, curved surfaces), multiple holes, and / or any other suitable geometric shape or shape. The heat sink and / or vortex suppressor may be made of metal (eg, stainless steel), for example, machining, welding, casting, and / or any other suitable manufacturing process. It may be formed with or connected to the body of the heat sink (s).

  FIG. 1 illustrates an example fluid supply system 100 (eg, a steam supply system) implemented with a known heat sink 102. As shown, the heat sink 102 is coupled to the pipeline 104 via flanges 106 and 108 between the first side or inlet 110 and the second side or outlet 112 of the pipeline 104. . Superheated fluid (eg, steam, ammonia, etc.) flows at a relatively high rate between the inlet 110 and the outlet 112 across the body 114 of the heat sink 102.

  As shown, the body 114 includes a fluid passageway 116 between the first end 118 and the second end 120. In this example, the body 114 is a cylindrically shaped body (eg, a bluff body). The first end 118 includes a flange portion 122 disposed between the flanges 106 and 108 for coupling the heat sink 102 to the pipeline 104. As shown, when coupled to the pipeline 104, the body 114 is suspended in the fluid flow path 124 substantially perpendicular to the direction of superheated fluid flowing through the fluid flow path 124. In other words, the second end 120 of the body 114 is not fixed or otherwise coupled to the pipeline 104 and may be deflected, bent and / or moved relative to the longitudinal axis 126 during operation. Good.

  In operation, the superheated fluid flows across the body 114 of the heat sink 102 at a relatively high rate between the inlet 110 and the outlet 112 at a superheat temperature (eg, a temperature higher than the saturation temperature of the fluid). The cooler 102 enters the fluid flow path 124 through the passage 116 and opening 128 to cool or reduce the temperature of the superheated fluid at the outlet 112 (eg, near the saturation temperature of the superheated fluid). Inject or spray cooling water. Such cooling may be required to prevent damage to equipment downstream from the outlet 112.

  However, because the body 114 is disposed within the fluid flow path 124, the superheated fluid velocity and / or pressure may vary or vary over a portion of the body 114. These pressure and / or velocity changes or fluctuations can cause turbulent or unsteady flow (eg, a flow of fluid having a relatively high Reynolds number) as the superheated fluid flows across the body 114 of the heat sink 102. There is a possibility of expression. In demanding applications where the superheated fluid has a relatively high velocity, the unsteady flow may generate a separated or separated flow over the majority of the body 114, which may cause vortex shedding. is there.

  The vortex shedding can result in a fluid flow field having a vortex street (eg, a two-dimensional vortex street or wake) downstream from the body 114, which can be transmitted to the body 114 with varying pressures or vibrations. (Eg, turbulence) is induced or caused. As the velocity of the superheated fluid flow increases, vortices are alternately (eg, asymmetrically) disengaged on each side of the body 114 that is substantially perpendicular to the fluid flow. In addition, asymmetric vortex shedding often develops or results in oscillating flow characteristics having discrete or disengagement frequencies that can cause the body 114 to oscillate or vibrate during operation.

  These vortex or oscillating fluid flows may cause deleterious periodic forces or vibrations that are transmitted to the body 114 of the heat sink 102. For example, such forces may cause excessive vibration and / or lift that is transmitted to the body 114. In some situations, a vortex shedding frequency that is substantially similar or identical to the natural frequency of the body 114 of the heat sink 102 results in a resonant vibration that causes the body 114 to vibrate or oscillate in a rough manner. The body 114 is broken, broken and / or otherwise damaged.

  FIG. 2A illustrates an example fluid flow system 200 implemented with the example cooler 202 described herein. FIG. 2B illustrates the example heat sink 202 of FIG. 2A. Unlike the slow cooler 102 of FIG. 1, the slow cooler 202 inhibits or significantly reduces vortex shedding, and therefore flows across the slow cooler 202 at a relatively high speed (eg, 350 feet / second). A vortex suppressor or vortex suppressor 204 is included to reduce vortex excitation vibrations that may be caused by fluids (eg, superheated steam, superheated ammonia, etc.).

  In this example, the heat sink 202 is coupled to a fluid pipeline 206 that provides a fluid flow path or passage 208. For example, the fluid flow system 200 may be a heat recovery system generator, a boiler interstage temperature regulation system, or any other fluid system. As shown, the heat sink 202 is disposed between the inlet or first side 210a of the pipeline 206 and the outlet or second side 210b of the pipeline 206. Inlet 210a may be fluidly coupled to a first steam source (eg, superheater, steam turbine outlet), and outlet 210b is fluidly coupled to downstream equipment such as, for example, a steam turbine. Also good. The example slow heatr 202 may be used in demanding service applications where the heat sink 202 may be exposed to high thermal cycles and stresses, high fluid flow rates, and / or flow-excited or vortex-excited vibrations. .

  Referring to FIGS. 2A and 2B, the heat sink 202 includes a first end 216 of the body 212 and at least one opening 218 a disposed in the recess or flat 220 and adjacent to the second end 222 of the body 212. A body 212 having a channel or passage 214 therebetween. As shown, the body 212 is a generally elongated cylindrical body and includes an opening 218a and another opening 218b. Body 212 and passageway 214 are substantially parallel to axis 226 (ie, substantially perpendicular to fluid flow), and each of openings 218a, 218b is substantially perpendicular to axis 226 (ie, fluid flow). It has an axis 228 that is substantially parallel to the flow. In addition, the openings 218a, 218b may each receive a nozzle (not shown) that may be configured to spray a coolant (eg, water) into a fluid to be cooled (eg, steam). . Additionally or alternatively, although not shown, the body 212 may include a tapered profile between the first end 216 and the second end 222.

  The first end 216 of the body 212 includes a flange 230 for coupling the heat sink 202 to the pipeline 206. The flange 230 may be welded to the body 212 or may be integrally formed with the body 212 by, for example, casting, machining, or any other suitable manufacturing process (s). Also, as shown, a mounting flange 232 is integrally formed with the flange 230 and / or the body 212 to couple the heat sink 202 to the pipeline 206 via the flange 234 of the pipeline 206. A fastener 236 couples the mounting flange 232 and the flange 234 of the pipeline 206. However, in other examples, the mounting flange 232 may be a separate piece, and the flange 230 of the body 212 may be disposed or attached between the flange 232 and the flange 234 of the pipeline 206. The mounting flange 232 may include a gasket and / or a recess (not shown) for receiving the flange 230 of the body 212. When coupled to the pipeline 206, the body 212 is suspended in the fluid flow path 208 and may be deflected or moved (eg, slightly moved or vibrated) relative to the longitudinal axis 226 during operation. is there. In other words, the second end 222 of the body 212 is not coupled or secured to the pipeline 206. The heat sink 202 is an insertion type heat sink that is inserted or disposed in the fluid flow path 208 substantially perpendicular to the fluid flow.

  A control valve 238 (eg, a sliding stem valve) is fluidly coupled to the inlet 240 of the passage 214 in the body 212 to control the flow of coolant to the passage 214. The valve mounting flange 244 is coupled to the mounting flange 232 by welding, for example.

  As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, a vortex suppression device 204 is formed integrally with the body 212 adjacent to the second end 222 and the recess 220 (eg, by machining). For example, the vortex suppressor 204 may be integrally formed with the body 212 by machining a metal (eg, stainless steel) bar or block. In other examples, the vortex suppression device 204 may be formed with or coupled to the body 212 by casting, welding, or any other suitable manufacturing process (s). For example, the vortex suppressor 204 may be coupled to the body 212 by welding or any other suitable fastening mechanism (s).

  The body and / or vortex suppressor 204 may be carbon steel (eg, ASTM SA105, ASTM WCC, etc.), alloy steel (eg, ASTM F91, ASTM C12A, etc.), stainless steel (eg, stainless steel 316), and / or any It may consist of other suitable material (s). In this example, the vortex suppressor 204 is made of the same material as the main body 212, but in other examples, the vortex suppressor 204 and the main body 212 may be made of different materials.

  2A and 2B includes a plurality of spiral side plates. As shown in this example, the vortex suppressing device 204 includes spiral side plates 246a to 246c (or a cork screw configuration) made of, for example, carbon steel or stainless steel. The spiral side plates 246a-246c are disposed along a portion of the body 212 adjacent to the second end 222 and are wound in a discontinuous configuration around the outer surface 248 of the body 212 (eg, interrupted by the recess 220). Or disconnected). However, in other examples, the spiral side plates 246 a-246 c may be wound in a continuous manner around the outer surface 248 and / or the recess 220 of the body 212. For example, the spiral side plate may be disposed on the outer surface 248 of the body 212 and / or the recess 220 between the openings 218a, 218b. The vortex suppressor 204 may include any number of spiral side plates having any thickness or size, providing a non-linear or substantially non-smooth outer surface 248 to suppress or significantly reduce vortex shedding, Thus, any distance may be projected from the outer surface 248 of the body 212 to disrupt or prevent the generation of vortex-induced vibrations or oscillations as the fluid flows across the body 212 during operation.

  For example, the number of spiral side plates may be determined by a factor or ratio of the outer diameter of the body 212. As shown, the vortex suppression device 204 includes three helical side plates 246a-246c that are generally parallel to each other. The pitch of the spiral side plates 246a-246c may be, for example, between about 3.5 to 5 times the outer diameter of the body 212, and the height is, for example, approximately 0.1 of the outer diameter of the body 212. It may be doubled. In other examples, the spiral side plates 246a may have a different pitch and / or height than the spiral side plates 246b and / or 246c. The spiral side plates 246a-246c may be integrally formed with the body 212 by machining, or the spiral side plates 246a-246c may be separate parts that are welded to the body 212. In other examples, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the vortex suppressor 204 may be any other suitable to suppress or reduce vortex shedding and thus vortex-excited oscillations or oscillations transmitted to the body 212. May include any shape or surface.

  In operation, superheated fluid (e.g., superheated steam, superheated ammonia, etc.) flows between a relatively high speed (e.g., 350 feet / second) and a relatively high temperature (e.g., 350 ft / sec) between the inlet 210a and outlet 210b of the pipeline 206 Flows across the heat sink 202 at a temperature range of about 1100 degrees Fahrenheit and about 1300 degrees Fahrenheit. As the superheated fluid flows across the body 212 of the slow heatr 202 between the inlet 210a and the outlet 210b, the slow heatr 202 determines the temperature of the superheated fluid at the outlet 210b, for example, approximately the saturation temperature of the superheated fluid. In order to reduce or control the cooling fluid (e.g., water) into the superheated fluid flowing across the heat sink 202, or sprayed. In particular, the slow heatr 202 injects or sprays droplets of atomized coolant (eg, cooling water) into the fluid flow path 208 via the passages 214 and openings 218a, 218b. The coolant evaporates while extracting energy from the superheated fluid, reducing the temperature of the superheated fluid, for example, near the saturation temperature of the superheated fluid (eg, the saturation temperature of the steam).

  The cooling rate may be controlled by droplet size, droplet distribution, and / or coolant velocity, and the temperature of superheated fluid (eg, steam) in the fluid flow path 208 is controlled via a control valve 238. It may be controlled by changing the flow rate of the coolant. Further, the control valve 238 may include a controller to receive a signal from a downstream sensor indicating the temperature of the superheated fluid flowing at the outlet 210b of the pipeline 206. Based on the temperature sensed by the sensor, the control valve 238 regulates or controls the flow rate of coolant flowing into the fluid flow path 208 through the passage 214 and openings 218a, 218b to overheat at the outlet 210b. The actuator of the control valve is moved to control the temperature of the fluid. As noted above, cooling of such superheated fluid may be required to prevent damage to equipment (eg, a steam turbine) downstream from outlet 210b.

  As fluid flows across the body 212 of the cooler 202 at a relatively high rate, the vortex suppressor 204 suppresses or significantly reduces vortex shedding and superheated fluid crosses the body 212 of the cooler 202. Disrupt unsteady flow that may otherwise develop when flowing. As noted above, unsteady flow (eg, a fluid flow having a relatively high Reynolds number) causes vortex shedding, resulting in a fluid flow field having vortex streets downstream from body 212. There is a possibility of generating. Such vortex streets can cause oscillating flow or vortex-excited oscillations, which can create deleterious periodic forces that are transmitted to the body 212 of the heat sink 202.

  However, the vortex suppressor 204 disrupts or reduces vortex shedding to prevent or attenuate the formation of vortex streets downstream from the body 212 of the heat sink 202. As a result, the vortex suppressor 204 reduces vortex-excited oscillations or oscillating flows that might otherwise be transmitted to the body 212 of the heat sink 202. As the superheated fluid flows across the body 212, the vortex suppressor 204 creates vortices on either side of the body 212 that alternate or asymmetrically diverge or are substantially perpendicular to the fluid flow path. Is significantly reduced or prevented. In other words, the vortex suppression device 204 facilitates separation or separation of the boundary layer from the body 212 as superheated fluid flows across the body 212.

  More specifically, the vortex suppression device 204 or the spiral side plates 246a-246c reduces or changes the vortex shedding frequency in the fluid flow to influence the flow-induced or vortex-induced vibration on the body 212 of the heat sink 202. And alleviate the associated lift. In this way, the vortex suppression device 204 or the spiral side plates 246a-246c is substantially the same as or identical to the detachment frequency or oscillation of the vortex that is substantially the same as or identical to the natural frequency or oscillation of the body 212 of the heat sink 202 Prevents the appearance of resonance. As a result, the heat sink 202 may resonate between the vortex shedding frequency and the body's natural frequency, which may destroy, break, crack, and / or otherwise damage the body 212. State or resonant vibration is prevented, thereby increasing the operating life of the heat sink 202.

  FIG. 3 illustrates another example cooler 300 that may be used to implement the example system 200 of FIGS. 2A and 2B. The cooler 300 includes another exemplary vortex suppressor or device 302 to attenuate or reduce vortex shedding and / or vortex excitation vibration. Figures 2A and 2B are substantially similar or identical to the components of the example heat sink 202 described above and have substantially the same or identical functions as those components. The components of the third example heat sink 300 will be referred to by the same reference numerals as those described in connection with FIGS. 2A and 2B and will not be described in detail again below. Instead, the interested reader should refer to the corresponding description above in connection with FIGS. 2A and 2B.

  A vortex suppressor or device 302 is disposed along the body 212 adjacent to the second end 222 and the recess 220. In this example, vortex suppression device 302 includes a plurality of ribs or splines 304 disposed adjacent to second end 222 of body 212. For example, the plurality of ribs or splines 304 may form or define ends with splines. The plurality of ribs or splines 304 may be continuously disposed around the outer surface 306 of the body 212 at intervals of either equidistant or irregularly varying distances. In other examples, the plurality of ribs 304 may be angled or angled with respect to the axis 226 of the body 212 or wound around the outer surface 306 of the body 212 (eg, wound around a helix). Good. The plurality of ribs or splines 304 may be formed by machining or any other suitable manufacturing process (s).

  FIG. 4 illustrates another example cooler 400 that may be used to implement the example system 200 of FIGS. 2A and 2B. The cooler 400 includes another exemplary vortex suppressor or device 402 to attenuate or reduce vortex shedding and / or vortex excitation oscillations. Figures 2A and 2B are substantially similar or identical to the components of the example heat sink 202 described above and have substantially the same or identical functions as those components. The components of the fourth example heat sink 400 will be referred to by the same reference numerals as those described in connection with FIGS. 2A and 2B and will not be described in detail again below. Instead, the interested reader should refer to the corresponding description above in connection with FIGS. 2A and 2B.

  In this example, vortex suppression device 402 includes a plurality of protrusions or convex surfaces 404 disposed adjacent to second end 222 of body 212 and recess 220. For example, the plurality of protrusions or convex surfaces 404 may be spherically shaped or circularly shaped protrusions that extend away from the outer surface 406 of the body 212. The raised surface 404 may have any radius and / or radius of curvature (e.g., linear, constant, or variable) and is disposed equidistant or varying distance around the outer surface 406 of the body 212. Also good. The plurality of protrusions or convex surfaces 404 may be formed by machining, casting, or any other suitable manufacturing process (s). In other examples, the vortex suppressor 402 may include a plurality of concave surfaces or openings or any other in order to suppress vortex shedding in the fluid flow path (fluid flow path 208 of FIG. 2A), and thus vortex excitation vibration. Appropriate shapes may be included.

  In addition, the example heat sinks 202, 300, or 400 described herein may be provided as factory-installed options or, alternatively, existing fluid systems (eg, It can be retrofitted to the fluid system 200) of FIG. 2A.

  Although some exemplary methods and apparatus are described herein, the scope of this patent is not limited thereto. In contrast, this patent includes all methods, devices, and articles of manufacture that fall literally within the scope of the appended claims, either literally or under the doctrine of equivalents.

Claims (18)

In the heat sink,
A book having a passageway for the fluid flow path in the pipeline to provide cooling water, while the body extends in between the first end and a second end, the said body first includes first end flange, the flange is configured to couple with the previous SL pipeline so that by extending the body into the pipeline, and the body,
And the recess of the present body disposed in said second end of said Body,
Wherein the pipeline and at least one opening that opens through the body, is disposed in said recess adjacent to said second end, and at least one opening,
A vortex suppression device adjacent to the second end of the body, wherein the fluid flow is used to attenuate or suppress vortex shedding or flow-excited vibrations transmitted to the slow heatr by fluid in the fluid flow path A vortex suppressor to be placed in the road;
With
The vortex suppression device extends around the outer surface of the body to damp or suppress vortex shedding and flow excitation vibrations transmitted to the body of the heat sink by fluid flowing across the body of the heat sink. And
The vortex suppression device is interrupted by the recess to extend in a discontinuous configuration around the outer surface of the body . Wherein the body is coupled to the pipeline via the flange, slow-heater according to claim 1. Wherein the body includes an outer shape that is not tapered between the second end of the body and the flange, slow-heater according to claim 2. Wherein the body is suspended substantially perpendicular to the fluid flow path, slow-heater according to any of the claims 1-3.   The heat sink according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the vortex suppression device comprises a spiral side plate adjacent to the second end of the body. The helical plate is integral with front Symbol Body, slow-heater according to claim 5.   The heat sink according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the vortex suppression device comprises a surface of a spline. Surface of the spline is formed by a plurality of splines extending axially along the Body, slow-heater according to claim 7.   The heat sink according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the vortex suppression device includes a plurality of protruding surfaces adjacent to the second end of the body.   The heat sink according to claim 9, wherein the plurality of projecting surfaces includes a spherically shaped protrusion.   The heat sink according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the fluid includes superheated steam. In the heat sink to be connected to the pipeline,
A body having a passage extending between a flange at a first end of the body and at least one opening positioned in the recess, the recess being adjacent to the second end of the body. Wherein the body is substantially perpendicular to the fluid flow in the pipeline and the at least one opening is substantially parallel to the fluid flow. said body Ru suspended in the flow of the fluid when it is coupled to the pipeline via a body,
The heat sink is formed by the fluid that is integrally formed with the body adjacent to the second end and the recess and that is disposed along the outer surface of the body and that flows across the body of the heat sink. A vortex suppression device for attenuating or suppressing vortex shedding and vortex excitation vibration transmitted to the main body, wherein the vortex suppression device is interrupted by the recess to extend in a discontinuous configuration around the outer surface of the main body. ,
A slow heatr.   13. A heat sink according to claim 12, wherein the passage is for providing cooling water to the fluid flow path. The heat sink according to any one of claims 12 to 13, wherein the vortex suppression device includes a weld and is coupled to the main body.   The slow heat generator according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the vortex suppression device includes a spiral side plate.   The slow heat generator according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the vortex suppression device includes a plurality of axial or spiral splines.   15. A heat sink according to any of claims 12 to 14, wherein the vortex suppression device includes a plurality of protruding surfaces adjacent to the second end of the body.   18. The slow heatr of claim 17, wherein the plurality of protruding surfaces comprise spherically shaped protrusions.

Images