JP5944745B2 - Combustion device and hot air generator using the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus and a hot air generator using the combustion apparatus. More specifically, in a combustion apparatus that uses a solid fuel such as biomass such as wood and bamboo as fuel, the clinker that is a product of combustion such as biomass such as wood and bamboo adheres to the inner surface of the combustion furnace in the combustion apparatus. The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus that can suppress or prevent the above and can be easily maintained, and a hot air generator using the combustion apparatus.

  In recent years, combustion devices using wood and biomass such as bamboo as fuels have become widespread due to increasing interest in the global environment. For example, woody biomass absorbs carbon dioxide at the growth stage of the tree, which is a material. Therefore, even if it is burned to generate carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide is not increased in the environment as a result. As an example of a combustion apparatus using such a solid fuel having fluidity such as wood chips, bamboo chips or wood pellets as a fuel, there is a combustion apparatus described in Patent Document 1.

  The fixed fuel combustion apparatus described in Patent Document 1 includes an outer cylindrical portion <10> that forms a cylindrical combustion chamber <15>, and an ash recovery unit that is provided continuously below the outer cylindrical portion <10>. Hopper part <20> and pot lower part <33> including a bottom part, which is arranged so as to generate a gap over the inner peripheral surface and the entire circumference of the outer cylindrical part <10>, is provided as a solid fuel supply part and air supply Combustion pot <30> provided with hole <35>, fuel hopper <51> for storing solid fuel <50>, cylinder <41> and cylinder for sending solid fuel <50> Screw conveyor <40> having a screw <42> inserted into <41>, a rotation drive device <44> for rotating the screw <42> in the forward and reverse directions, and a discharge port provided in the cylinder <41> <43>, and in the method of burning solid fuel in the combustion pot <30>, the ash accumulated in the combustion pot <30> can be appropriately discharged through the gap. That.

JP 2011-127844 A

However, the combustion apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 has the following problems.
That is, solid fuel such as biomass such as wood and bamboo is supplied from the lower side to the combustion pot and combusts inside the combustion pot, but if it is burned without taking any special measures, a clinker is formed.

  This clinker is a solidified incombustible component contained in a solid fuel. For example, wood pellets or bamboo chips containing bark contain a large amount of silicon such as silica. This silicon component does not burn, and fine particles solidify to form a clinker, creating hard deposits such as lava stones in each part of the combustion apparatus.

  Powdered ash can be quickly discharged from the combustion pot. However, once the clinker is formed and firmly adheres to the inner wall of the combustion furnace, it cannot be easily removed. In addition, due to the attached clinker, for example, the capacity of the combustion furnace is reduced by the amount of the clinker attached thickly, which hinders the fluidity and supply of the solid fuel, and the combustion ash is discharged. There was also a risk that the hole or mouth would be blocked and the combustion ash discharge mechanism would be damaged, resulting in the combustion device not functioning.

(Object of the present invention)
The present invention suppresses or prevents the clinker from adhering to the inner surface of the combustion furnace in the combustion apparatus when the solid fuel is burned in the combustion apparatus using the solid fuel having fluidity such as biomass such as wood and bamboo. This can hinder the flow and supply of solid fuel, for example, by reducing the capacity of the combustion furnace by the amount of thick clinker attached, or blocking holes and mouths where combustion ash is discharged. It is an object of the present invention to provide a combustion apparatus and a hot air generator equipped with the combustion apparatus that can be easily maintained without the possibility of the malfunction of the combustion apparatus, such as failure of the combustion ash discharge mechanism.

  Means taken by the present invention to solve the above problems are as follows.

(1) The present invention
In a combustion apparatus using a solid fuel having fluidity as fuel,
It has a combustion chamber with a combustion furnace inside,
When solid fuel is burning in the combustion furnace inside the combustion chamber, it is provided with a clinker adhesion preventing member that moves in contact with the inner surface of the combustion furnace or moves away from the inner surface at intervals that do not form a clinker on the inner surface. ing,
It is a combustion device.

(2) The present invention
In a combustion apparatus using a solid fuel having fluidity as fuel,
A combustion chamber;
A combustion furnace disposed in the combustion chamber and formed so that the upper part opens and the upper part expands;
An ash drop slit formed in the combustion furnace over the entire circumference of the combustion furnace slant wall;
A clinker adhesion preventing member that passes through the ash drop slit and moves around the ash drop slit, and
Driving means for driving the clinker adhesion preventing member;
Air supply means for supplying air fed from the blower into the combustion furnace;
Fuel supply means for supplying solid fuel to the combustion furnace from below the combustion furnace;
Ignition means for igniting the solid fuel in the combustion furnace;
Ash discharge means for discharging the burned ash that has passed through the ash drop slit to the outside of the combustion chamber;
It is a combustion apparatus provided with.

(3) The present invention
Air supply means
An air supply body having an inner peripheral wall along the surface of the inclined wall of the combustion furnace and having a plurality of air supply holes in the inner peripheral wall;
A part of the clinker adhesion prevention member moves at a required interval from the inner peripheral wall so that air turbulence occurs near the inner peripheral wall where the air supply hole is formed by the air injected from the air supply hole. To do,
It is a combustion apparatus of said (2).

(4) The present invention
The air supply hole of the air supply body is formed with the injection direction obliquely upward so that a spiral flow is generated above the combustion furnace with the air injected from the air supply hole.
It is a combustion apparatus of said (3).

(5) The present invention
Ashes discharge means
The clinker adhesion preventing member is formed on a rotating body that rotates around the combustion furnace, and the rotating body is rotated below the ash removal slit by the drive means so that the combustion ash that has fallen from the ash removal slit accumulates on the rotating body. A plurality of holes are formed in the portion where the combustion ash of the rotating body is accumulated, and the combustion ash covering the holes is dropped and discharged by overlapping the holes with the ash outlet,
The combustion apparatus according to (2), (3) or (4).

(6) The present invention
The clinker adhesion preventing member moves intermittently by the driving means and circulates.
The combustion apparatus according to (2), (3), (4) or (5).

(7) The present invention
The air supply means includes an air supply pipe that is arranged at or near the center of the combustion furnace and injects and supplies air in the radial direction.
The combustion apparatus according to (2), (3), (4), (5) or (6).

(8) The present invention
Any one of the combustion apparatuses (1) to (7);
A heat exchange device that uses the combustion gas generated in the combustion device as a heat source;
An exhaust pipe for discharging the combustion gas after heat exchange to the outside;
With
The heat exchange device
A heating tube connected to the combustion chamber of the combustion device and heated by the combustion gas;
A heat exchange chamber through which a heating tube is passed;
A blower fan for supplying air to the heat exchange chamber;
A hot air discharge port for discharging the air heated by heat exchange with the heating pipe in the heat exchange chamber to the outside;
This is a hot air generator.

(9) The present invention
In a combustion apparatus using a solid fuel having fluidity as fuel,
When solid fuel is burning in the combustion furnace inside the combustion chamber, move the clinker adhesion prevention member in contact with the inner surface of the combustion furnace, or move it away from the inner surface at intervals that do not form clinker on the inner surface. ,
This is a method for preventing clinker from adhering to the inner surface of the combustion furnace of the combustion apparatus.

  The term “fluidized solid fuel” in the claims and the specification means, for example, a woody material such as wood chips or sawdust, or a pulverized material such as bamboo or grassy material, or such a pulverized material. Including meaning that is made by agglomeration (pelletization), and mushroom waste culture medium generated by fungus bed cultivation, organic waste such as raw garbage, etc. I am using it.

  The movement of the clinker adhesion preventing member along the ash drop slit may be performed intermittently or continuously. Also, the moving speed and moving range are not particularly limited and can be set as appropriate.

  Further, the driving means for driving and moving the clinker adhesion preventing member is not particularly limited. As shown in the embodiments described later, (a) the clinker adhesion preventing member is provided in the combustion furnace, and the clinker adhesion preventing member is attached by a motor or the like. In addition to the structure in which the movable body having the prevention member is moved intermittently or constantly, for example, (b) the clinker adhesion prevention member intermittently moves from the outside of the combustion furnace into the combustion furnace, and the movable body having the clinker adhesion prevention member is intermittently moved. (C) Structure in which the clinker adhesion preventing member reciprocates in (a) and (b), (d) or manual in place of the motor in (a), (b) and (c) Various publicly known means such as a structure that is moved by the can be adopted.

  The clinker adhesion preventing member may be in contact with the edge or the surface in the vicinity of the member forming the ash removal slit, or may be configured not to contact with a gap. A part of the clinker adhesion preventing member can be configured to move in contact with the inner peripheral wall in addition to moving at a predetermined interval from the inner peripheral wall.

  The air supply body preferably has a structure formed entirely of a hollow body so that the air supplied from the blower can pass through, but is not limited to this. For example, the air supply body has an air supply hole in the annular body. A structure with a trachea attached may be used.

(Function)
The operation of the combustion apparatus according to the present invention and the hot air generator provided with the combustion apparatus will be described.
A required amount of solid fuel having fluidity such as wood chips, bamboo chips, wood pellets, etc. stored in a hopper device or the like is supplied to the fuel supply means provided in the combustion device of the hot air generator.

Solid fuel is supplied into the fuel container from below the combustion furnace by the fuel supply means. The solid fuel is supplied so as to rise sequentially from the bottom to the top in the combustion furnace.
Next, the solid fuel in the combustion furnace is ignited by the ignition means. Air is supplied to the ignited solid fuel by the air supply means, the solid fuel starts self-sustained combustion, and the self-sustained combustion state is maintained.

High-temperature combustion gas is generated in the combustion chamber by the self-sustained combustion of the solid fuel, the combustion gas passes through the inside of the heating tube of the heat exchange device, and the heating tube is heated.
Air is supplied to the heat exchange chamber by the blower fan, and the supplied air is heated by heat exchange with the heating tube in the heat exchange chamber and is heated from the hot air outlet to the outside of the hot air generator, such as in the cultivation house. Wind is discharged. Thereby, the inside of a cultivation house etc. can be warmed.

  Further, the clinker adhesion preventing member of the combustion apparatus moves in contact with the inner surface of the combustion furnace, or moves away from the inner surface with an interval at which the clinker is not formed on the inner surface. Thereby, it can prevent that a clinker is formed in the inner wall of a combustion furnace.

  When the clinker adhesion prevention member penetrates the ash drop slit of the combustion furnace and moves around the ash drop slit by the driving means and repeatedly circulates, combustion ash and clinker are formed or clogged in the gap of the ash drop slit Therefore, the combustion ash stably passes through the ash drop slit and falls out of the combustion furnace.

  The combustion ash that has fallen out of the combustion furnace through the ash drop slit can be discharged outside the combustion chamber through the ash discharge means. The ash discharging means is formed on a rotating body in which the clinker adhesion preventing member rotates around the combustion furnace, and the rotating body is configured so that the combustion ash dropped from the ash dropping slit is accumulated on the ash dropping slit by the driving means. It includes a configuration in which a plurality of holes are formed in a portion of the rotating body where combustion ash accumulates, and the combustion ash covering the holes falls and discharges by overlapping the holes with the ash outlet. Things are efficient because the combustion ash can be automatically discharged out of the combustion device, such as an ash reservoir.

  In addition, the combustion gas that has passed through the heating pipe has its temperature lowered by heat exchange with the air passing through the heat exchange chamber, and is discharged to the outside of the hot air generator, such as in the atmosphere, through the exhaust pipe.

The air supply means is an air supply body having an inner peripheral wall along the surface of the inclined wall of the combustion furnace and having a plurality of air supply holes in the inner peripheral wall, and a part of the clinker adhesion preventing member is injected from the air supply hole. The air turbulence occurs when it is moved at a required distance from the inner peripheral wall so that the air turbulence occurs in the vicinity of the inner peripheral wall where the air supply hole is formed by contact with the air. Thus, it is possible to prevent the combustion ash, particles serving as the basis of the clinker, or the like from adhering to the edge of the member forming the ash drop slit of the combustion furnace or the surface of the inner peripheral wall.
In addition, it is possible to more surely prevent combustion ash or fine particles of silicon, which is the basis of the clinker, from adhering to the inner peripheral wall where the air supply hole of the air supply body is formed. Can be prevented.

  The air supply hole of the air supply body, which is formed of the air injected from the air supply hole and having an injection direction obliquely upward so that a spiral flow is generated above the combustion furnace, burns out of the solid fuel. Since the fine particles can be spirally blown upward in the combustion chamber, sufficient contact with air is achieved and combustion efficiency is improved.

(A) The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus using a solid fuel having fluidity such as wood and biomass such as bamboo as a fuel and a hot air generator provided with the combustion apparatus, and the inner wall of the combustion furnace is provided by a clinker adhesion preventing member of the combustion apparatus. The formation of clinker can be prevented.
Therefore, as in conventional devices, for example, the combustion furnace capacity is reduced by the amount of clinker attached thickly, which hinders the fluidity and supply of solid fuel, and the holes and ports through which combustion ash is discharged. There is no possibility that the combustion ash discharge mechanism or the like will be damaged and the combustion device will not function, and maintenance can be facilitated.

(B) Since the present invention is such that the clinker adhesion preventing member moves along the ash removal slit by the driving means in a state of passing through the ash removal slit of the combustion furnace, and repeatedly circulates, the gap of the ash removal slit It is possible to prevent combustion ash and clinker from being formed or clogged. Therefore, there is no possibility that the combustion ash discharge mechanism due to the adhesion of combustion ash or clinker will cause a failure and the combustion apparatus will not function, and maintenance can be facilitated.

(C) A part of the clinker adhesion preventing member has a predetermined distance from the inner peripheral wall so that air turbulence occurs in the vicinity of the inner peripheral wall where the air supply hole is formed by the air injected from the air supply hole. The particles that are the source of combustion ash or clinker at the edge of the member forming the ash drop slit of the combustion furnace or the inner peripheral wall surface due to the turbulence of the air Etc. can be prevented. In addition, it is possible to more surely prevent combustion ash or fine particles of silicon, which is the basis of the clinker, from adhering to the inner peripheral wall where the air supply hole of the air supply body is formed. Can be prevented.

Explanatory drawing which showed the state which combined and installed the refueling machine with the hot air generator which concerns on this invention, and cut down a part of hot air generator. The perspective view which shows one Embodiment of a hot air generator. Sectional explanatory drawing in the AA part in FIG. 4 which shows the structure of a hot air generator. BB section sectional explanatory drawing in FIG. 3 which shows the structure of a hot air generator. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Sectional perspective explanatory drawing which shows one Embodiment of the combustion apparatus concerning this invention. The perspective view which shows the structure of the scraping rotary body which comprises a combustion apparatus.

Embodiment

The present invention will be described in detail based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.
Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG.
In the following description of the hot air generator H, the direction and position will be described with the right side as the front, the left side as the rear, the back side as the right, and the near side as the left in FIGS.

  The hot air generator H is an agricultural hot air generator that is installed inside the cultivation house 9 (see FIG. 1) and used for heating, for example. The hot air generator H is normally used in combination with a fuel replenisher S provided with a hopper device (see FIG. 1).

  The hot air generator H has a frame 1 that is framed by an angle steel material or the like so that the outer frame shape is a rectangular parallelepiped shape. A combustion chamber 4 is provided on the front side of the frame 1, and the combustion chamber 4 includes a combustion furnace 20 of the combustion device 2 that uses solid fuel having fluidity as fuel. A heat exchange device 3 is provided on the rear side of the frame 1 to heat the air using the combustion gas generated in the combustion device 2 as a heat source.

  The combustion chamber 4 is formed on a base plate 10 (see FIGS. 3 to 5) fixed horizontally to the frame 1 so as to surround the front side, the upper side, and the left and right sides of the combustion device 2. The rear side of the combustion chamber 4 is connected to each heating pipe 30 of the heat exchange device 3 described later. The structure of the combustion chamber 4 will be described in conjunction with these descriptions when the fuel supply conveyor 28 and the fuel chute 5 are described later.

  The combustion apparatus 2 includes a combustion furnace 20, a scraping rotator 24, an air supply pipe 25 and an air supply blower 27 that constitute air supply means, an igniter 26, and a fuel supply conveyor 28. Among these, the combustion furnace 20 including the igniter 26, the scraping rotor 24, and the air supply pipe 25 are installed in the combustion space 40 inside the combustion chamber 4.

  The combustion furnace 20 includes, in order from the bottom, a lower furnace member 21, an air supply pipe 25 and an air supply blower 27, which will be described later, and an air supply jacket 22 and an upper furnace member 23 that constitute air supply means. The overall shape of the combustion furnace 20 is a so-called mortar shape, but is not limited to this shape, and other shapes such as a cylindrical shape may be employed.

  The lower furnace member 21 is fixed to the base plate 10. The lower furnace member 21 has a tubular introduction portion 211, and an annular plate-shaped fixing flange 212 is joined to the outer peripheral side of the lower end portion of the introduction portion 211. In addition, a guide portion 213 having a shape in which the lower side of the cylindrical body is narrowed (so-called funnel shape) and having an outer diameter at the lower end edge equal to the outer diameter of the introduction portion 211 is joined to the upper end portion of the introduction portion 211. ing.

  Further, in the base plate 10, a circular communication port 11 (see FIG. 5) that is slightly smaller in diameter than the introduction portion 211 is formed through a portion connected to the introduction portion 211 of the lower furnace member 21. The shape of the communication port 11 is not limited to a circle, and various shapes such as a square, an ellipse, and an irregular shape can be adopted. A communication portion 282 of a fuel supply conveyor 28 described later is connected to the lower side of the communication port 11.

  Above the lower furnace member 21, an air supply jacket 22 that is formed in a substantially annular shape and is a hollow body is disposed. The air supply jacket 22 is fixed to the base plate 10 of the frame 1 via a fixing member (not shown). The air supply jacket 22 has a guide portion 222 that is the same inclination angle as the inclined inner surface of the guide portion 213 and is an inner peripheral wall that is continuous with the guide portion 213 with an ash drop slit 200 interposed therebetween.

  A large number of air supply holes 223 (see FIG. 5) penetrating into the internal space 224 of the air supply jacket 22 are formed in the guide portion 222 at predetermined intervals over the entire circumference. Each air supply hole 223 is formed with the injection direction obliquely upward in the inward direction, and a spiral flow is generated above the combustion furnace 20 by the air injected from each air supply hole 223.

  Further, an ash drop slit 200 having a required width (interval) is formed over the entire circumference between the upper end edge of the guide portion 213 of the lower furnace member 21 and the lower end edge of the guide portion 222 of the air supply jacket 22. . The ash drop slit 200 is formed to have a width that is slightly wider than the thickness of the clinker adhesion preventing member 242 so that the clinker adhesion preventing member 242 of the scraping rotating body 24, which will be described later, can penetrate and rotate (rotate). Has been.

  Further, an upper furnace member 23 is fixed on the air supply jacket 22. The upper furnace member 23 has a shape in which the lower side of the cylindrical body is narrowed, the outer diameter of the upper end edge is larger than the outer diameter of the lower end edge, and the inner diameter of the lower end edge of the guide portion 222 of the air supply jacket 22 It is formed to be the same as the inner diameter of the upper edge. Further, the inner surface of the upper furnace member 23 is formed to be continuous with the inclined surface of the guiding portion 222 at the same inclination angle as that of the guiding portion 222 of the air supply jacket 22.

  Further, the upper furnace member 23 is formed with locking grooves 231 and 232 (see FIG. 4) at two locations opposite to each other on the diameter line. The locking grooves 231 and 232 are formed in the vertical direction from the upper end edge so as to leave a part on the lower side of the upper furnace member 23. Shaft portions 262 and 263 of the ignition tool 26 to be described later are locked in the locking grooves 231 and 232.

  The igniter 26 constituting the igniting means has a semicircular arc-shaped heat generating portion 261. Shaft portions 262 and 263 are formed at both ends of the heat generating portion 261. The shaft portions 262 and 263 are on the same straight line that overlaps the diameter line passing through both ends of the heat generating portion 261. The igniter 26 is locked by dropping the shaft portions 262 and 263 into the locking grooves 231 and 232, and both ends of the shaft portions 262 and 263 are fixed outside the combustion furnace 20 with a metal band or the like. . In the state where the shaft portions 262 and 263 are dropped into the locking grooves 231 and 232, the heat generating portion 261 is in contact with the inner surface of the combustion furnace 20.

  Further, the heat generating portion 261 is formed of a heating wire (electric resistance heating element) such as a nichrome wire, and the igniter 26 has a structure that can be energized through a shaft portion 262, 263 from a power source (not shown). . At the start of operation, for example, by applying an alternating current of 200 V to the igniter 26, the heat generating portion 261 can generate heat to ignite the solid fuel.

  On the base plate 10 of the frame 1, a scraping rotating body 24 that rotates intermittently so as to slide along the circular outer peripheral portion of the fixing flange 212 is disposed. The scraping rotary body 24 has an annular sliding rotary plate 240 (see FIGS. 5 and 6) that rotates while sliding on the top surface of the base plate 10. A clinker adhesion preventing member 242 is fixed at one place along the inner diameter portion of the plate 240. The inner diameter of the sliding rotary plate 240 is slightly larger than the outer diameter so that the inner diameter (inner circumference) can rotate without sliding while sliding with respect to the outer diameter of the fixing flange 212. Yes.

  The sliding rotation plate 240 is formed with a required number of engagement holes 241 (a total of nine in this embodiment) penetrating the plate at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. Each engagement hole 241 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape, and engages (or hooks) sequentially at the upper position every time the tip of the drive lever 286 described later makes one revolution. Each engagement hole 241 also has a function of dropping combustion ash accumulated so as to cover the engagement hole 241 and automatically discharging it through the ash outlet 12 as will be described later.

  The sliding rotary plate 240 rotates below the ash drop slit 200 so that the combustion ash dropped from the ash drop slit 200 accumulates on the top. The sliding rotary plate 240 rotates intermittently with a moving stroke of a constant width by 1/9 rounds (rotation center angle 40 °) every time the driving lever 286 described later makes one rotation. Each engagement hole 241 of the sliding rotary plate 240 constitutes an ash discharge means together with the ash outlet 12 and the ash storage container 14 described later.

  As described above, the clinker adhesion preventing member 242 is fixed to the sliding rotating plate 240 at one place along the inner diameter portion of the sliding rotating plate 240. The clinker adhesion preventing member 242 is connected to the fixed portion 242a for fixing to the upper surface of the sliding rotary plate 240, the rising portion 242b formed by raising from the fixing portion 242a at a right angle, and the upper end of the rising portion 242b. It is formed of a curved plate-shaped air receiving portion 242c that follows the surface shape of the guide portion 222 in a trapezoidal shape that is inclined obliquely upward in the outward direction and the tip portion side is slightly narrowed. Note that the air receiving portion 242c may adopt other shapes such as a rectangular shape, a semicircular shape, and a triangular shape other than the trapezoidal shape.

  The rising portion 242b has a cylindrical shell shape having the same curvature as the inner diameter portion of the sliding rotary plate 240, and penetrates the ash drop slit 200 as described above, and the air receiving portion 242c is moved upward from the ash drop slit 200. It can be rotated and moved along the ash drop slit 200 in the protruding state. The air receiving portion 242c moves at a position away from the surface of the guiding portion 222 of the air supply jacket 22 with a slight gap so that the air flow is disturbed by receiving the air injected from each air supply hole 223. Act on.

  In the vicinity of the combustion furnace 20, there is provided an air supply pipe 25 that injects and supplies air horizontally and radially from the center of the combustion furnace 20. The air supply pipe 25 has an air supply portion 250 arranged in the vertical direction at the center of the combustion furnace 20, and a plurality of air supply holes 251 are formed in the air supply portion 250. Air is supplied from an air supply blower 27 to the air supply pipe 25 and the air supply jacket 22. The air supply blower 27 is attached adjacent to the lower side of the front portion of the base plate 10 of the frame 1 and the right side of the fuel supply conveyor 28 described later (see FIGS. 2 and 3).

  A fuel supply conveyor 28 is attached to the lower side of the base plate 10 adjacent to the air supply blower 27. The fuel supply conveyor 28 is a screw conveyor provided with a screw 281 in a substantially cylindrical conveyor case 280, and the supply direction of the solid fuel is the direction from the solid fuel supply side at the front end to the communication port 11 at the rear end. The fuel supply conveyor 28 is driven at a reduced speed via a chain 290 by a drive motor 29 (see FIG. 2) attached below the front portion of the base plate 10 of the frame 1 and adjacent to the left side of the fuel supply conveyor 28.

  A circular tubular communication portion 282 (see FIG. 4) for supplying solid fuel to the combustion furnace 20 described later is formed in an upper portion on the rear end side of the conveyor case 280. The communication part 282 is connected to the introduction part 211 of the lower furnace member 21 through the communication port 11. Solid fuel such as wood and bamboo such as biomass sent to the rear by the rotation of the screw 281 in the fuel supply conveyor 28 is increased in pressure at the closed end of the conveyor case 280, and this pressure causes the communication portion 282 and the communication port. 11 is supplied from the introduction section 211 to the combustion furnace 20 so as to rise upward.

  Further, the rear end side of the rotating shaft 284 of the screw 281 is pivotally supported by a bearing 285 attached to the rear end wall of the conveyor case 280, and the rear end wall and the bearing 285, and further, the side plate 141 of the ash storage container 14 described later are connected. It penetrates and extends into the ash storage container 14. At the front end (rear end) of the extending portion of the rotation shaft 284, the drive lever 286 that constitutes the drive means for intermittently rotating the scraping rotary body 24 of the combustion device 2 fixes the base end side as described above. Attached.

  The drive lever 286 attached to the horizontal rotation shaft 284 rotates along a plane parallel to the vertical plane (see FIG. 5). The length of the drive lever 286 is such that the ash drop opening 143 (see FIG. 5) of the ash storage container 14 and the ash outlet 12 formed in the base plate 10 when the distal end side of the drive lever 286 reaches the upper position. (See FIG. 5), the front end side penetrates, and the front end is set to a length that can be engaged with each engagement hole 241 formed in the sliding rotary plate 240 of the scraping rotary body 24.

  In addition, each engagement hole 241 has the next engagement hole 241 above the ash outlet 12 when the front engagement hole 241 is hooked and pulled by the drive lever 286 in the rotation direction of the sliding rotary plate 240. It moves to the position where it overlaps. The combustion ash that has fallen from the ash drop slit 200 falls on the sliding rotary plate 240 of the scraping rotary body 24 and accumulates.

  On the lower surface side of the base plate 10, an ash storage container 14 is fixed below the ash outlet 12. The left end portion of the ash storage container 14 is opened, and a scraping port 140 for scraping the accumulated combustion ash is formed. Further, an ash drop opening 143 is formed on the upper plate 142 of the ash storage container 14 so as to be positioned below the ash outlet 12.

  The combustion ash that falls from the ash drop slit 200 and accumulates on the sliding rotary plate 240 accumulates so that part of the combustion ash closes or covers each engagement hole 241, and the engagement hole 241 is above the ash outlet 12. Falls into the lower ash storage container 14 through the ash outlet 12 and the ash outlet 143.

  A communication portion 287 (see FIG. 5) for introducing solid fuel into the fuel supply conveyor 28 is formed on the upper portion of the fuel supply conveyor 28 on the front end side of the conveyor case 280. A communication port 13 is formed above the communication portion 287 in the base plate 10. A fuel chute 5 connected to the communication port 13 is installed above the communication port 13.

  On the other hand, the combustion chamber 4 includes a front wall 41 formed in the vertical direction on the front side, an upper wall 43 formed in the horizontal direction on the upper side, a slant wall 42 and a left wall 44 connecting the upper end of the front wall 41 and the front end of the upper wall 43. The right wall 45 is configured. A heat shield space 460 is formed between the front wall 41 and the combustion space 40 by providing an inner plate 46. On both the left and right sides of the slant wall 42, guide plates 420 are formed in the vertical direction for guiding the solid fuel from the left and right to the fuel supply port 50 described later.

  The fuel chute 5 is fixed to the front wall 41 of the combustion chamber 4 and is formed in a rectangular tube shape together with the front wall 41. An open fuel supply port 50 is formed in the upper part of the fuel chute 5. The lower end of the inclined wall 42 is located in the fuel supply port 50 so that the solid fuel replenished from the chute pipe 81 of the refueling machine S described later can be guided into the fuel chute 5 by the inclined wall 42.

  A heat exchange device 3 is provided behind the combustion chamber 4. The heat exchange device 3 supplies a plurality of heating tubes 30 that connect the combustion space 40 of the combustion chamber 4 and the exhaust pipe 39, a heat exchange chamber 31 through which each heating tube 30 is passed, and air to the heat exchange chamber 31. And a hot air discharge pipe 33 for discharging the air heated by heat exchange with each heating pipe 30 in the heat exchange chamber 31 to the outside of the hot air generator H.

  The heat exchange chamber 31 is formed of side plates 311 (refer to FIG. 2) on both the left and right sides, 312 (refer to FIG. 3), front and rear heating tube mounting boxes 313 and 314, a bottom plate 315, and a top plate 316. A substantially cylindrical air guide tube 320 having an extended upper end is fixed to the central portion of the top plate 316 through the top plate 316. In the blower fan device 32, the motor 322 is supported by the support member 323 in a state where the fan 321 is housed in the air guide tube 320 and is fixed to the top plate 316.

  The lower side of the rear end of the combustion chamber 4 is closed with a partition wall 47, and the front heating tube mounting box 313 is connected to a vent 48 at the upper part of the partition wall 47. An exhaust pipe 39 is connected to the rear heating pipe mounting box 314. The exhaust pipe 39 is bent and extended as shown in FIG. 1, and the front end side where the exhaust port 390 is provided extends out of the cultivation house 9.

  The front and rear heating tube attachment boxes 313 and 314 have a circular tube shape and communicate with each other through a plurality of heating tubes 30. Each heating tube 30 is inclined so that the heating tube mounting box 314 side connected to the rear exhaust pipe 39 is slightly lowered, and both ends are connected to the heating tube mounting boxes 313 and 314. As a result, the heating pipes 30 are guided obliquely downward so as to oppose the properties of the combustion gas to be raised, thereby imparting resistance to the flow of the combustion gas passing through the heating pipes 30 toward the exhaust pipe 39, thereby further increasing the flow. It slows down so that the heat of the combustion gas can be used efficiently for heat exchange.

  Further, in the side plates 311 and 312 on the left and right sides of the heat exchange chamber 31, a flat hexagonal cylindrical shape is provided above the bottom plate 315, below the rear heating tube mounting box 314 and above the bottom plate 315, respectively. The hot air discharge pipes 33 communicating with the internal space 310 are formed at a total of three locations.

  The refueling machine S is installed outside the cultivation house 9. It has a leg frame 6 framed by angle steel or the like. A hopper 7 for holding solid fuel is fixed to the leg frame 6. The hopper 7 includes a fuel supply conveyor 8 which is a screw conveyor on the lower side.

  The fuel supply conveyor 8 is driven by a drive motor 80 and conveys the solid fuel discharged from the lower discharge port (not shown) of the hopper 7 in an obliquely upward direction. A chute tube 81 is connected to the upper end of the fuel supply conveyor 8. The chute tube 81 is directed obliquely downward, penetrates the synthetic resin sheet of the cultivation house 9, and the discharge port 810 at the tip is positioned in the fuel supply port 50 of the fuel chute 5.

(Function)
The operation of the hot air generator H provided with the combustion device 2 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.
First, solid fuel having fluidity such as wood chips, bamboo chips and wood pellets is stored in the hopper 7 of the refueling machine S. The fuel supply conveyor 8 is driven, and solid fuel is supplied from the chute tube 81 to the fuel chute 5 of the hot air generator H. The solid fuel is supplied from the fuel chute 5 to the fuel supply conveyor 28 and sent toward the combustion device 2.

  The solid fuel passes through the communication port 11 of the base plate 10 and is supplied to the combustion furnace 20 so as to rise sequentially from the bottom to the top in the combustion furnace 20 of the combustion apparatus 2. When an appropriate amount of solid fuel is accumulated, the solid fuel in the combustion furnace 20 is ignited by the igniter 26. Air is supplied toward the burning solid fuel from the air supply holes 223 of the air supply jacket 22 and the air supply holes 251 of the air supply pipe 25 to the ignited solid fuel.

  Thereby, solid fuel starts self-sustained combustion in the combustion furnace 20, and a self-sustained combustion state is maintained. In addition, the air injected from the air supply hole 223 of the air supply jacket 22 is supplied so as to generate a spiral flow above the combustion furnace 20, and fine combustion products combusted in the solid fuel in the combustion chamber 4. Since it can be blown up spirally, the contact between the combustion product and air is sufficiently performed, and the combustion efficiency is improved.

  Thus, high-temperature combustion gas is generated in the combustion space 40 in the combustion chamber 4 by solid combustion of the solid fuel. The combustion gas passes through the heating pipe attachment box 313 of the heat exchange device 3 from the vent 48 at the rear of the combustion chamber 4 and further passes through the inside of each heating pipe 30, whereby each heating pipe 30 is heated to a high temperature. Then, air is supplied to the internal space 310 in the heat exchange chamber 31 by the blower fan device 32, and the supplied air is heated by heat exchange with each heating tube 30 in the heat exchange chamber 31.

  The warm air whose temperature has been increased by being heated is discharged into the cultivation house 9 from each of the warm air discharge pipes 33 provided in three directions, and the inside of the cultivation house 9 can be warmed by this warm air. In addition, the temperature of the combustion gas that has passed through each heating pipe 30 decreases due to heat exchange with the air that passes through the heat exchange chamber 31, and passes through the exhaust pipe 39 from the heating pipe attachment box 314 to the atmosphere outside the cultivation house 9. Is discharged.

  On the other hand, the scraping rotator 24 of the combustion device 2 is rotated intermittently with a moving stroke having a constant width as described above by rotating the drive lever 286 as the screw 281 of the fuel supply conveyor 28 rotates. To do. Thereby, the clinker adhesion preventing member 242 passing through the ash drop slit 200 of the combustion furnace 20 moves along the ash drop slit 200 and circulates repeatedly.

  Since the clinker adhesion preventing member 242 continuously moves in the ash removal slit 200 in this manner, combustion ash and clinker can be prevented from being formed or clogged in the gaps of the ash removal slit 200. Without clogging the ash drop slit 200, the ash drop slit 200 passes through the ash drop slit 200 stably and falls out of the combustion furnace 20.

  Further, as described above, the clinker adhesion preventing member 242 rotates and moves the air receiving portion 242c along the ash drop slit 200 at a position apart from the surface of the guide portion 222 of the air supply jacket 22 with a slight gap therebetween. Air flow from each air supply hole 223 impinges on the air receiving portion 242c, thereby disturbing the air flow. It is also possible to adopt a structure in which the air receiving portion 242c moves while being in contact with the surface of the guiding portion 222.

  As a result of the turbulence of the air in this way, it is possible to prevent the combustion ash or particles that are the basis of the clinker from adhering to the edge portion forming the ash drop slit 200 and the surface of the guide portion 222 of the air supply jacket 22. . Thereby, it becomes possible to suppress the formation of the clinker itself.

  The combustion ash that has fallen out of the combustion furnace 20 from the ash drop slit 200 as described above accumulates on the sliding rotating plate 240 of the clinker adhesion preventing member 242. When the sliding rotary plate 240 rotates intermittently and one of the engagement holes 241 of the sliding rotary plate 240 overlaps the ash outlet 12 of the base plate 10, the so-called bottom is removed. Thus, the combustion ash accumulated so as to cover the engagement hole 241 automatically falls to the bottom of the lower ash storage container 14 and accumulates. Further, the combustion ash accumulated in the ash reservoir 14 can be taken out from the scraping port 140 as appropriate.

  Note that the terms and expressions used in this specification are merely explanatory and are not limiting at all, and terms and expressions equivalent to the features described in this specification and parts thereof. There is no intention to exclude. Further, it goes without saying that various modifications are possible within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

H Hot-air generator 1 Frame 10 Base plate 11 Communication port 12 Ash outlet 13 Communication port 14 Ash storage container 140 Scraping port 141 Side plate 142 Upper plate 143 Ash dropping port 2 Combustion device 20 Combustion furnace 200 Ash dropping slit 21 Lower furnace member 211 Introduction part 212 Flange for fixing 213 Guide part 22 Air supply jacket 222 Guide part 223 Air supply hole 224 Internal space 23 Upper furnace member 231, 232 Locking groove 24 Scraping rotating body 240 Sliding rotary plate 241 Engagement hole 242 Adhering clinker Prevention member 242a Fixing part 242b Standing part 242c Air receiving part 25 Air supply pipe 250 Air supply part 251 Air supply hole 26 Igniter 261 Heating part 262, 263 Shaft part 27 Air supply blower 28 Fuel supply conveyor 280 Conveyor case 281 Screw 282 Communication part 84 Rotating shaft 285 Bearing 286 Drive lever 287 Communication portion 29 Drive motor 290 Chain 3 Heat exchange device 30 Heating tube 31 Heat exchange chamber 310 Internal space 311, 312 Side plate 313 Heating tube mounting box 314 Heating tube mounting box 315 Bottom plate 316 Top plate 32 Blower fan device 320 Air guide tube 321 Fan 322 Motor 323 Support member 33 Hot air discharge pipe 39 Exhaust pipe 390 Exhaust port 4 Combustion chamber 40 Combustion space 41 Front wall 42 Slanted wall 420 Guide plate 43 Upper wall 44 Left wall 45 Right wall 46 Inner plate 460 Heat shield space 47 Bulkhead 48 Ventilation hole 5 Fuel chute 50 Fuel supply port S Refueling machine 6 Leg frame 7 Hopper 8 Fuel supply conveyor 80 Drive motor 81 Chute tube 810 Discharge port 9 Cultivation house

Claims (7)

In a combustion apparatus using a solid fuel having fluidity as fuel,
A combustion chamber;
A combustion furnace disposed in the combustion chamber and formed so that the upper part is open and the upper part is expanded;
An ash removal slit formed in the combustion furnace over the entire circumference through the slant wall of the combustion furnace;
A clinker adhesion preventing member that passes through the ash removal slit and moves around the ash removal slit, and
Driving means for driving the clinker adhesion preventing member;
Air supply means for supplying air fed from a blower into the combustion furnace;
Fuel supply means for supplying solid fuel to the combustion furnace from below the combustion furnace;
Ignition means for igniting the solid fuel in the combustion furnace;
Ash discharge means for discharging the combustion ash that has passed through the ash drop slit to the outside of the combustion chamber;
With
Combustion device. The air supply means is an air supply body having an inner peripheral wall along the surface of the inclined wall of the combustion furnace and having a plurality of air supply holes in the inner peripheral wall,
A part of the clinker adhesion preventing member is spaced a predetermined distance from the inner peripheral wall so that air turbulence occurs in the vicinity of the inner peripheral wall where the air supply hole is formed by the air jetted from the air supply hole. To move around,
The combustion apparatus according to claim 1 . The air supply hole of the air supply body is formed with the injection direction obliquely upward so that a spiral flow is generated above the combustion furnace with the air injected from the air supply hole.
The combustion apparatus according to claim 2. Ashes discharge means
The clinker adhesion preventing member is formed on a rotating body that rotates around the combustion furnace, and the rotating body is rotated below the ash removal slit by the drive means so that the combustion ash that has fallen from the ash removal slit accumulates on the rotating body. A plurality of holes are formed in the portion where the combustion ash of the rotating body is accumulated, and the combustion ash covering the holes is dropped and discharged by overlapping the holes with the ash outlet,
The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3 . The clinker adhesion preventing member moves intermittently by the driving means and circulates.
The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4 . The air supply means includes an air supply pipe that is arranged at or near the center of the combustion furnace and injects and supplies air in the radial direction.
The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 . A combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6;
A heat exchange device using combustion gas generated in the combustion device as a heat source;
An exhaust pipe for discharging the combustion gas after heat exchange to the outside;
With
The heat exchange device
A heating tube connected to the combustion chamber of the combustion device and heated by combustion gas;
A heat exchange chamber through which the heating tube is passed;
A blower fan for supplying air to the heat exchange chamber;
A hot air outlet for discharging air heated by heat exchange with the heating pipe in the heat exchange chamber to the outside;
With
Hot air generator.

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