JP2005201575A - Pellet supply device, combustion case and pellet stove - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve the stable operation for a long time by smoothly supplying pellets and preventing the fixing of combustion residue to a combustion plate. <P>SOLUTION: A combustion chamber 18 of a pellet stove 10 comprises a rotatable blade 50 and a combustion case 20 including the combustion plate having an ash outlet for combustion residue and the like. A rear main body 10B has a pellet supply device 120 for supplying the pellets to the combustion case 20. A rotating body 130 having a reservoir groove 132 on its surface is accommodated inside of the pellet supply device 120, and two adjustment plates 140, 144 are mounted near an inlet of an upper face. The amount of pellets is adjusted approximately constant to be accommodated in the reservoir groove 132 by rotating the rotating body 130 and rubbing the pellets by the adjusting plates 140, 144. The combustion residue is crushed by rotating the blade 50 in the combustion case 20, and the crushed matter and ash are automatically discharged from the ash outlet. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a wood pellet supply device formed by solidifying a bark or wood chips, a combustion container, and a pellet stove using wood pellets as fuel.

  Pellet stoves are heating appliances that use solid wood pellets, which are made by crushing and compressing waste, such as bark and wood chips, into a cylindrical shape. Such a pellet stove has been known for a long time and is generally used as a mainstream heating appliance, especially in Europe. Although it was temporarily manufactured in Japan in the 1980s, mass production of high-quality wood pellets Because it was not accompanied by technology, it was not popularized.

  In recent years, in addition to the fact that mass production of the above-mentioned wood pellets has become possible, it has become a limelight because it has high thermal efficiency and the flickering of the flames visible from the glass window feels the visual warmth and softens the mind. To collect. In addition, it uses environmentally friendly biomass energy and is effective in preventing global warming by using it in place of fossil fuels such as kerosene, and is also suitable for reducing and effectively utilizing wooden waste. It is also attracting attention.

  Such a pellet stove generally has a combustion chamber equipped with a pellet combustion dish, intake / exhaust means for introducing combustion air into the combustion chamber and exhausting it outdoors, and supplying pellets in a tank to the combustion dish. Supply means, a heat exchange means provided at the upper part of the combustion chamber, for warming the air by heat exchange with the combustion chamber, and having an outlet for supplying warm air (warm air) into the room, the heat exchange means And other intake / exhaust means for sending indoor air and supplying warm air from the outlet. Here, since the intake / exhaust system of the combustion chamber and the intake / exhaust system for warm air blowing into the room are configured separately, the gas generated by the combustion of the pellet is not exhausted into the room and is always clean. It is possible to supply warm air. FIGS. 9A and 9B show an example of the structure of the pellet combustion portion. In other words, a structure having an air box 308 having an opening 305 and an air passage 306 that receive an edge of the combustion dish 302 and has an edge of the combustion dish 302 under the combustion dish 302 having a large number of ventilation holes 304 formed on the bottom surface. It has become. Air is introduced into the wind box 308 from the intake pipe 310 through the opening 305. The pellets 314 supplied from the input port 312 to the combustion dish 302 are burned in the combustion dish 302 by receiving air supplied from the bottom vent hole 304.

  However, in the background art as described above, a screw method or a cutting method is adopted as a pellet fuel supply method, and a certain amount of pellet fuel is intermittently supplied to the combustion dish and automatically stabilized for a long time. There is an inconvenience that it is difficult to drive. Moreover, in the background art mentioned above, there exists a problem that the burning residue and ash (combustion residue) of the pellet 314 remain in the fuel tray 302. Such combustion residues vary depending on the quality of the pellets 314 used, but when left in the combustion dish 302, they solidify and produce clinker. If the clinker blocks the ventilation port 304 and the air is not supplied smoothly, the combustion efficiency is lowered and maintenance is difficult. As the clinker removing means, for example, as shown in FIG. 9 (C), a plurality of substantially parallel long holes (gap grooves) 322 that also serve as ventilation holes are formed in the combustion dish 320, and within the long holes 322, Providing a slidable fork-like nail 324 has been proposed. Then, the clinker can be prevented from being generated and adhered by reciprocating the standing claw 324 with a pre-programmed pattern (for example, once every several tens of seconds) by a driving source such as a motor (not shown). ing. However, even with this method, pulverized clinker and ash remain in the combustion dish, and therefore, it is necessary to periodically remove and clean the combustion dish.

  The present invention focuses on the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a pellet supply apparatus that can smoothly supply a substantially constant amount of pellets. Another object is to provide a combustion container capable of preventing solid fuel combustion residues such as pellets from sticking. Yet another object is to enable smooth supply of pellets and prevention of sticking of the combustion residue of pellets to the combustion dish, which enables stable operation for a long time without lowering combustion efficiency, and maintenance. It is also to provide an easy pellet stove.

  In order to achieve the above object, the pellet supply apparatus of the present invention has a pellet receiving port on the top surface and a pellet discharge port on the bottom surface, and a portion excluding the receiving port and the discharge port is sealed. A container, sandwiched between two opposing side surfaces of the container, and disposed below the receiving port, receives pellets charged from the receiving port and sends the pellets to the discharge port side; A substantially cylindrical or substantially spherical rotating body having a substantially horizontal shaft that penetrates rotatably, provided on the outside of the container, a rotation driving means for rotating the shaft of the rotating body, on the surface of the rotating body At least one or more formed, a storage groove for temporarily storing a substantially constant amount of pellets, provided in the vicinity of the receiving port, a large number of charged from the receiving port on the rotating body pellet , Characterized by comprising adjusting means, for adjusting the amount that can be accommodated in the reservoir groove.

  One of the main forms is that the adjusting means is provided at or near an edge of the receiving port on the pellet transfer direction side, and the lower end side maintains a predetermined distance from the surface of the rotating body. The first adjusting plate is arranged at a predetermined interval from the first adjusting plate to the pellet transfer direction side, and the lower end side is arranged so as to substantially contact the surface of the rotating body. And the width of the lower end side of the first and second adjustment plates is set to be substantially the same as the width of the storage groove. Another aspect is characterized in that the first and second adjustment plates are rotatable with the upper end side as a fulcrum.

  The combustion container of the present invention has a plurality of ventilation holes on the bottom surface, and has a substantially cylindrical shape with an open top, a combustion dish for burning solid fuel, provided below the bottom surface of the combustion dish, Air introduction means having a passage for air to be sent from the ventilation port to the combustion dish, pulverization means for pulverizing the combustion residue of the solid fuel inside the combustion dish, and at least one place below the side surface of the combustion dish. And a discharge port for discharging the pulverized material by the pulverizing means to the outside of the combustion dish.

  One of the main forms is that the crushing means penetrates the combustion dish and the air introduction means substantially vertically and is rotatable with respect to the combustion dish and the air introduction means, on the upper end side of the shaft. It is fixed, and includes movable blades or movable plates provided so as not to be in close contact with the bottom surface of the combustion dish, and rotation driving means for rotating the shaft. In another aspect, the pulverizing means includes a fixed blade provided at a position below the inner side surface of the combustion dish and not in contact with the rotating movable blade or the movable plate. Yet another embodiment is characterized in that a cover body that maintains a predetermined distance from the discharge port is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the combustion dish.

  The pellet stove according to the present invention comprises a combustion container having a means for pulverizing the combustion residue of pellets and a discharge port for the pulverized product, a combustion chamber having a pellet inlet to the combustion container, and exhausting the air in the combustion chamber to the outside Thus, the first air circulation system for taking outdoor air into the combustion chamber is provided above the combustion chamber, and the air warmed by heat exchange with the combustion chamber is supplied indoors as hot air Heat exchange means having an air outlet, a second air circulation system for sucking indoor air and sending it to the air intake side of the heat exchange means, pellet storage means for storing a large number of the pellets, and supply from the pellet storage means And a pellet supply device that adjusts the pellets to a substantially constant amount and sends the pellets to a pellet transfer path connected to the inlet of the combustion chamber.

  One of the main forms is characterized in that the pellet supply means is the pellet supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3. In another embodiment, the combustion container is the combustion container according to any one of claims 4 to 7. Still another embodiment is a control that adjusts the intake / exhaust amount by the first and second air circulation systems and the pellet supply amount by the pellet supply device, adjusts the temperature of the hot air blown indoors, and controls the air supply amount. Means. The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) A rotating body in which a storage groove for temporarily storing pellets is formed on the surface is provided inside the container, and the pellets supplied from above are received by the rotating body, and the rotating direction of the rotating body (pellet transfer direction) Since the adjustment plate is provided on the side, the pellets can be adjusted to a substantially constant amount that can be stored in the storage groove.
(2) A movable vane or a movable plate is provided on the bottom surface of the pellet combustion dish so as not to be in close contact with the bottom surface, and an exhaust port for discharging the combustion residue of the pulverized pellets is provided in the combustion dish. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the combustion efficiency from being lowered and to easily clean the combustion dish.
(3) Since the pellet supply device that adjusts the pellets to an almost constant amount and the combustion container that automatically pulverizes the combustion residue of the pellets and automatically discharges them to the outside of the combustion dish, the combustion efficiency decreases. The stove can be operated for a long time without any problems. In addition, maintenance can be easily performed.

  Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail based on examples.

  First, Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the appearance of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 taken along line # A- # A and viewed in the direction of the arrow. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing the combustion container of the present embodiment, in which FIG. 3A is a plan view, FIG. 3B is a perspective view, and FIG. It is sectional drawing cut | disconnected along the line and seeing in the arrow direction. 4A and 4B are diagrams showing a heat exchanger according to the present embodiment. FIG. 4A is a perspective view, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line # C- # C, and an arrow. It is sectional drawing seen in the direction. FIG. 5 is a view showing the pellet supply apparatus of the present embodiment, FIG. 5 (A) is a partially broken perspective view, and FIG. 5 (B) is the line (D) # D- # D. It is sectional drawing cut | disconnected along and seen in the arrow direction. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the controller according to the present embodiment. The present embodiment is a pellet stove that uses solid wood fuel (hereinafter referred to as “pellet”) formed by pulverizing and compressing unused wood resources such as wood scrap and bark generated when sawing wood. The pellet is, for example, a cylindrical shape having a length of 1 to 2 cm and a diameter of about 6 mm. Since such a pellet stove uses biomass energy, it is a heating appliance friendly to both the environment and people.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the pellet stove 10 of this embodiment is composed of a front main body 10A and a rear main body 10B, which are detachably attached to the base 12 by appropriate means such as bolts. ing. The base 12 is provided with a plurality of legs (jack-bolts or casters) 14. Such a pellet stove 10 is installed, for example, on an indoor floor. 10A of front side bodies are comprised by the heat exchanger 80 also used as the lid | cover provided with the combustion apparatus 16 and the warm air blower outlet 84 of the pellet, and the rear side main body 10B is the exhaust fan 98, the ventilation fan 112, the pellet supply apparatus 120, A pellet tank 152, an electric control unit 164, and the like are included. Hereinafter, each part is demonstrated in order.

  First, the combustion device 16 provided in the center of the front main body 10A will be described. The combustion device 16 has a pellet combustion container 20 and an ash tray 58 for receiving ash generated by the combustion of pellets and other combustion residues in the combustion chamber 18. A door 64 in which a windshield 66 is fitted is provided in front of the combustion chamber 18, and the inside of the combustion chamber 18 can be cleaned by opening and closing the door 64. Inside the door 64, a gasket 68 is provided so that air in the combustion chamber 18 does not leak into the chamber. Moreover, the upper part of the combustion chamber 18 is open, and a heat exchanger 80 serving as a lid, which will be described later, is provided in the open part. Further, on the back surface of the combustion chamber 18 (on the rear main body 10B side), a pellet inlet 150, a combustion air inlet 70 and an outlet 72 are provided. A heat exchange plate 74 is provided on the inner side of the rear surface, and a plate 75 having an opening 116 for taking in air sent from the blower fan 112 and a temperature sensor 76A are attached to the outer side of the rear surface. ing. The temperature sensor 76A is connected to an electric control unit 164 described later. Below the combustion device 16 is a storage box 52 for storing various tools (fire extinguishing lid, brush, etc.), a motor, and the like.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the combustion container 20 includes a substantially cylindrical combustion dish 22 and a wind box (air pan) 32 provided on the bottom side of the combustion dish 22 for introducing combustion air. A cover 40 that covers substantially the entire outer peripheral surface of the combustion dish 22 and a blade 50 that rotates near the bottom surface of the combustion dish 22 are provided. A plurality of ventilation holes 24 and through holes 26 for penetrating the shafts 48 of the blades 50 are formed in the bottom surface 22 </ b> A of the combustion dish 22. Also, an ash discharge port 28 is formed below the side surface 22B for discharging clinker (combustion ash, soot, and other combustion residue solidified) by the rotation of the blade 50. In the illustrated example, the ash discharge port 28 is formed in the range of about 180 ° C. along the outer periphery of the bottom surface 22A, but the formation range may be arbitrarily changed as necessary. Further, a pellet receiving port 30 for receiving the pellet 38 introduced from the insertion port 150 at the tip of the pellet chute 148 is attached to the upper end of the combustion dish side surface 22B.

  As shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C, the air box 32 has a substantially L-shape composed of a horizontal portion 32A and a vertical portion 32B, and the inside thereof is hollow to form an air passage. Has been. The upper side of the horizontal portion 32A is widely open, and the edge of the open portion is joined to the outer peripheral edge of the combustion dish bottom surface 22A by appropriate means such as welding. In addition, a through hole 34 is formed on the bottom surface of the horizontal portion 32A to allow the shaft 48 of the blade 50 to pass therethrough. On the other hand, an extending portion 32C is formed at the upper end of the vertical portion 32B, and can be attached to the inlet 70 at the tip of the intake pipe 108 on the back side (left side in FIG. 3) of the vertical portion 32B. An opening 36 is formed. The extending portion 32C is for positioning when installed in the combustion chamber 18. Such a combustion container 20 is placed on a pedestal 44 at the upper end of a foot 42 erected on the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 18 so that the pellet receiving port 30 receives the pellet 38 charged from the charging port 150, and The opening 36 is fitted into the inlet 70 of the intake pipe 108 so that air can be introduced. The combustion air introduced into the wind box 32 from the intake pipe 108 via the inlet 70 and the opening 36 is further sent into the combustion dish 22 via the vent 24. The pellets 38 in the combustion dish 22 can be burned by receiving supply of air from the vent 24.

  Further, in the combustion container 20 configured as described above, the shaft 48 of the blade 50 is provided in the through hole 26 of the bottom surface 22A of the combustion dish, the through hole 34 of the wind box 32, the cradle 44 and the foot 42. The through hole 46 is rotatably provided. The lower end side of the shaft 48 has a prismatic shape and can be fitted into a square hole on the upper end side of the rotary shaft 56 of the rotary motor 54 provided near the upper surface of the storage box 52. As a result, the drive of the rotary motor 54 is transmitted to the blade 50 via the rotary shaft 56 and the shaft 48.

  The ash tray 58 receives ash generated by combustion in the combustion container 20 or pulverized clinker discharged from the ash discharge port 28 after being pulverized by the blades 50. A portion 60 corresponding to the shaft 48 has a groove 60 cut into a substantially U shape. Such an ash tray 58 has a handle 62 on the front side, and when the handle 62 is pulled after opening the door 64 of the combustion chamber 18, the ash tray 58 is taken out of the combustion device 16 and cleaned. Is possible. As the material for forming the combustion chamber 18, the combustion container 20, and the ash tray 58 as described above, those having excellent heat resistance are suitable. As the windshield 66 provided on the door 64, for example, heat resistant tempered glass is used. Used.

  Next, a heat exchanger 80 that also serves as a lid of the combustion device 16 will be described with reference to FIG. The heat exchanger 80 is sized and shaped to cover the open portion above the combustion chamber 18, and the inside is hollow so that air can pass through. The hollow portion is partitioned by a plurality of partitions 82, and each partitioned portion is a hot air outlet 84. Further, on the side opposite to the hot air outlet 84, there is provided a long hole-like intake port 86 for introducing indoor air sucked by a blower fan 112 described later. Furthermore, a plurality of heat exchange plates 88 are provided on the back surface 80B of the heat exchanger 80 so as to be substantially perpendicular to the back surface 80B. That is, when the heat exchanger 80 is placed on the upper open portion of the combustion device 16, the heat exchange plate 88 is configured to be stored above the combustion chamber 18.

  Such a heat exchange plate 88 exchanges heat with the combustion chamber 18 in which the inside is heated to a high temperature due to the combustion of the pellets 38, warms the air passing through the inside, and warm air (warm air) from the warm air outlet 84 into the room. ) Can be blown out. Note that a gasket 90 is provided on the back surface 80B of the heat exchanger 80 to improve the airtightness of the portion attached to the combustion chamber 18. In the illustrated example, the upper surface 80A of the heat exchanger 80 can be used as a hot plate. As a material constituting the heat exchanger 80, a material having a high heat exchange rate, such as a casting, is used.

  Next, the rear main body 10B will be described. A plurality of plates are provided at appropriate positions on the case 92 of the rear main body 10B. Further, on the side surface 92C of the case 92, a wire net-like air intake port 94 for taking in indoor air by a blower fan 112 described later is provided. First, an exhaust fan 98 is attached to the lower plate 96A. The exhaust fan 98 forcibly exhausts the air in the combustion chamber 18 to the outside (outdoor), thereby reducing the pressure in the combustion chamber 18, and as a result, sucks new air into the combustion chamber 18 from the outside. is there. The exhaust fan 98 is connected to the other end of an exhaust duct 100 having one end connected to the exhaust port 72 of the combustion chamber 18 and to one end of an exhaust pipe 102 for exhausting air to the outside. The exhaust pipe 102 is provided so that the exhaust port 104 on the other end side is located outside the wall 106 that partitions the interior and the exterior, that is, outside the room.

  On the other hand, one end of the intake pipe 108 that penetrates the wall 106 and the rear main body 10 </ b> B is connected to the inlet 70 of the combustion chamber 18. The intake port 110 on the other end side of the intake pipe 108 is disposed outside the room. Due to the operation of the exhaust fan 98, the air in the combustion chamber 18 is exhausted through the exhaust duct 100 and the exhaust pipe 102 to be in a depressurized state, and as a result, the outdoor fan is connected via the intake pipe 108 connected to the inlet 70. Air is introduced. That is, the exhaust air fan 98, the exhaust duct 100, the exhaust pipe 102, and the intake pipe 108 form a first air circulation system.

  Further, a fall sensor 160 is provided on the plate 96A. When the fall sensor 160 is activated, operations such as pellet supply stop, intake / exhaust stop, or power off are automatically performed. Further, a part of the exhaust fan 98 exhausts the temperature of the combustion chamber 18 and a wind pressure sensor 162 for detecting whether the exhaust duct 100, the exhaust pipe 102, the intake pipe 108, etc. are blocked. A temperature sensor 76B for detecting on the side is attached. The fall sensor 160, the wind pressure sensor 162, and the temperature sensor 76B are all connected to an electric control unit 164 described later, and various operations based on the output results of these sensors are performed by the electric control unit 164.

  A blower fan 112 is attached to the plate 96B above the plate 96A. A blower duct 114 connected to the opening 116 of the plate 75 on the back side of the combustion device 16 is connected to the blower fan 112. When the blower fan 112 is operated, indoor air is taken in from the air intake port 94 on the case side surface 92 </ b> C and is sent to the heat exchanger 80 from the back side of the combustion chamber 18 through the blower duct 114. The indoor air sent to the heat exchanger 80 is warmed by heat exchange with the combustion chamber 18 as described above, and is supplied into the room as hot air from the hot air outlet 84. That is, the second air circulation system is formed by the blower fan 112 and the blower duct 114. Since the first air circulation system for combustion air described above and the second air circulation system formed by the blower fan 112 have different configurations, the indoor air is generated by the combustion gas generated in the combustion chamber 18. It is possible to always supply clean warm air indoors.

  Further, a pellet supply device for sending the pellets 38 supplied from the pellet tank 152 to the combustion chamber 18 through the pellet chute 148 on the plate 96C above the exhaust fan 98 and the blower fan 112 in a substantially constant amount. 120 is provided. The pellet tank 152 is a hopper type, and has an inlet 154 for the pellet 38 formed below, and a lid 156 that can be opened and closed is provided at the upper opening.

  With reference to FIG. 5, the structure of the pellet supply apparatus 120 is demonstrated. The pellet supply device 120 is disposed below the pellet tank 152, and a receiving port 124 for pellets 38 to be charged from the charging port 154 is formed on the upper surface 122 </ b> A of the case 122. A discharge port 126 is formed. The discharge port 126 is joined to the upper end of the pellet chute 148 by appropriate means. A substantially cylindrical rotating body 130 is provided in the case 122 below the receiving port 124. The length of the rotating body 130 is set to be slightly shorter than the distance between the two opposing side surfaces 122B and 122C of the case 122. In addition, a shaft 134 that rotatably penetrates the side surface 122B is provided on the end surface of the rotating body 130 in a substantially horizontal direction. A rotating motor 136 is provided outside the side surface 122B, and the rotation of the rotating shaft 135 of the rotating motor 136 is transmitted to the shaft 134, whereby the rotating body 130 is indicated by an arrow in FIG. It can be rotated. A plurality of storage grooves 132 for temporarily storing the pellets 38 introduced from the pellet tank 152 are provided on the surface of the rotating body 130 at appropriate intervals.

  The rotating body 130 receives the pellets 38 introduced from the pellet tank 152 on the inclined surface 122D side, and the pellets stored in the storage grooves 132 by the rotation of the rotating motor 136 by a substantially constant amount. It is sent to the discharge port 126. The inclined surface 122D has a shape along the curved surface of the rotating body 130 so that the rotation of the rotating body 130 is not hindered and the pellet 38 does not fall to the opposite side of the rotating direction of the rotating body 130. A curved surface portion 123 is formed.

  The edge portion 138 of the receiving port 124 of the case 122 is formed with a receiving portion for receiving a large number of charged pellets 38 together with the inclined surface 122D, and the pellet 38 can be stored in the storage groove 132. An adjustment plate 140 for rough adjustment is provided. The upper end side of the adjustment plate 140 can be rotated with a shaft 142 passing through the side surfaces 122B and 122C as a fulcrum, and the lower end side is attached so as to maintain a predetermined distance from the surface of the rotating body 130. Furthermore, the pellet 38 whose amount is roughly adjusted by the adjusting plate 140 can be further accommodated in the storage groove 132 on the transfer direction side of the pellet 38 from the adjusting plate 140 (right side in FIG. 5). Another adjustment plate 144 that adjusts up to a certain amount is provided. The adjustment plate 144 is formed such that the lower end side is substantially in contact with the surface of the rotating body 130, and the upper end side is attached so as to be rotatable about the shaft 146. The widths of the lower ends of the adjusting plates 140 and 144 are set to be substantially the same as the width of the storage groove 132.

  The pellet used as fuel in the present invention is not a powder, but is a small, substantially cylindrical shape, so that it cannot be crushed like a powder to completely measure a certain amount. When the rotating body 130 is rotated in a state where the water is accumulated, first, when passing under the adjusting plate 140 arranged at a predetermined interval from the surface of the rotating body 130, the rotating body 130 is worn into a rough amount. Then, by passing under the adjustment plate 144 that is substantially in contact with the surface of the rotating body 130, the adjustment can be made by grinding it to a substantially constant amount that can be stored in the storage groove 132. The adjustment plates 140 and 144 are configured to be pivotable about the shafts 142 and 146, thereby reducing the load caused by friction with the pellet 38, catching, etc., and preventing the rotation of the rotating body 130. Therefore, the amount can be adjusted smoothly.

  Further, an electric control unit 164 is provided on the lower side surface of the rear main body 10B, and a power supply cord 166 and a controller 170 for performing control at hand are connected to the electric control unit 164. . The electric control unit 164 is connected to the temperature sensors 76A and 76B, the overturn sensor 160, and the wind pressure sensor 162 described above. Based on the detection results of these sensors, the rotary motor 54 for the blades 50, the pellet supply The rotary motor 136, the exhaust fan 98, the blower fan 112, and the like of the device 120 are controlled to perform various controls such as ON / OFF switching of the stove operation and adjustment of the blower amount, the exhaust amount, and the temperature. In the present embodiment, the temperature is determined from the average based on the output results of the two temperature sensors 76A and 76B.

  An example of the controller 170 for operating the electric control unit 164 is shown in FIG. In addition to button lamps such as a POWER button 172, a STOVE button 174, a pellet button 176, and a FAN button 178, the controller 170 shown in FIG. 6 is provided with an air volume switching select switch 180 and an air volume adjusting volume 182. The POWER button 172 is for switching on / off the power source. For example, the power button 172 is lit white when the power source is on. The STOVE button 174 switches ON / OFF of the operation of the pellet stove 10, that is, controls the operation of the exhaust fan 98 and the blower fan 112. For example, the lamp turns green during the depressed state, that is, the stove operation. Turns on and then flashes until the fan stops when turned back on and turns off when completely stopped.

  The pellet button 176 switches supply / stop of the pellet 38 by the pellet supply device 120. For example, the normal state indicates a state in which the pellet 38 can be supplied, and the supply is stopped when pressed. The lamp is lit only when the pellet 38 is actually supplied. Further, when the pellet button 176 indicates that the pellet 38 is ready for supply, the combustion residue is automatically pulverized and discharged by the rotation of the blade 50 at a preset time interval. The FAN button 178 is for performing the independent operation of the blower fan 112. For example, the pressed state indicates that the blower fan 112 is being operated alone, and the button is lit in green. When it is pushed again to return the button position, the blower fan 112 stops. The FAN button 178 is lit even during the stove operation.

  The air volume changeover selector switch 180 is a changeover switch for selecting the air flow rate during stove and fan operation. When the knob is set to each of the displayed L, M, and H positions, the air flow rate changes to weak, medium, and strong, respectively. . Further, the supply amount of the pellets 38 is automatically changed together with the blowing amount, and the size of the flame can be adjusted. Further, the air volume adjusting volume 182 is a volume for finely adjusting the speed of intake and exhaust by the exhaust fan 98 during the stove and fan operation, and the setting of the blowing speed can be changed according to the position of the scale for adjusting the knob. For example, when 0 is set, the blowing is stopped, and when 100 is set, the operation is performed with the maximum blowing.

  Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. First, the lid 156 of the pellet tank 152 is opened, and the fuel pellets 38 are charged. The capacity of the pellet tank 152 is about 18 kg, for example. Then, the door 64 of the combustion chamber 18 is opened, and a small amount (for example, about 10 g) of the pellets 38 is put into the combustion dish 22 of the combustion container 20 in a flat manner. A commercially available outdoor igniter is placed, and a small amount of pellets 38 of about 5 to 6 are replenished on the igniter. When preparation for ignition is made in this way, the plug 168 of the power cord 166 connected to the rear main body 10B is inserted into a 100V outlet (not shown).

  When ignition is performed, L is first selected by the air volume switching select switch 180 of the controller 170, and the air volume adjusting volume 182 is set to 60 scales, for example. Then, the POWER button 172 is pressed to turn on the power, and when the button is lit in white, the ignition material supplied to the pellet 38 of the combustion dish 22 is ignited by a match or the like. When the ignition is confirmed, the door 64 is closed and the STOVE button 174 is pushed. For example, the button is lit in green, and the exhaust fan 98 is started. When the exhaust fan 98 is started, the air in the combustion chamber 18 is exhausted to the outside by the exhaust duct 100 and the exhaust pipe 102, and accordingly, new air for combustion starts to be supplied from the outside through the intake pipe 108, The flame gets bigger.

  When a predetermined time (for example, 70 seconds to 100 seconds) elapses from the lighting of the STOVE button 174, the rotary motor 136 of the pellet supply device 120 is activated. Then, as the rotating body 130 rotates, the pellet 38 stored in the storage groove 132 drops from the discharge port 126 and is supplied onto the combustion dish 22. When the pellets 38 are started to be supplied, the air volume adjustment volume 182 and the air volume switching select switch 180 are adjusted so that the desired flame is obtained. As described above, the pellet 38 sent from the pellet tank 152 to the pellet supply device 120 includes the adjustment plate 140 whose lower end is close to the surface of the rotating body 130 and the adjustment plate whose lower end side is substantially in contact with the surface of the rotating body 130. Since it is worn by 144, it is adjusted to a substantially constant amount that can be stored in the storage groove 132. For this reason, it is always possible to automatically supply a substantially constant amount of pellets 38 to the combustion dish 22 intermittently.

  Due to the combustion of the pellets 38, the temperature of the combustion chamber 18 gradually rises, and the temperature of the heat exchange plate 88 located above the combustion chamber 18 also rises. The temperature of the combustion chamber 18 is detected by the temperature sensors 76A and 76B. When the temperature reaches the set temperature, the blower fan 112 is automatically started by the electric control unit 164, and the FAN button 178 is lit in green. To do. Then, the blower fan 112 sucks indoor air from the air intake port 94 of the case side surface 92 </ b> C and sends the air to the heat exchanger 80 from the back side of the combustion chamber 18 through the blower duct 114. The air is warmed by heat exchange with the combustion chamber 18 while passing through the back surface of the combustion chamber 18 and the inside of the heat exchanger 80, and is supplied into the room from the hot air outlet 84 as warm air. The When warm air begins to blow, the air volume changeover selection switch 180 changes the L / M / H to the liking and adjusts the size and intensity of the flame.

  While the pellets 38 are burning by the above procedure, the rotary motor 54 is automatically rotated at predetermined time intervals set in advance to remove pulverized products, ash, etc. of combustion residues by the blades 50. Is called. When the blades 50 are rotated, the pulverized material, ash, and the like fall downward from the gap between the ash discharge port 28 and the cover 40 on the side surface 22B of the combustion dish and accumulate on the ash tray 58. Thus, by rotating the blades 50, the combustion residues and ash can be pushed out to the outside of the combustion dish 22 before being solidified to prevent sticking, and even when the blades 50 are solidified, they are crushed by the blades 50. Then, it is automatically discharged, and sticking of burning residue can be prevented. The blades 50 are rotated intermittently so as not to hinder the combustion of the pellets 38, but the interval may be appropriately changed as necessary, and may be continuously rotated at a low speed. It may be. In addition to cleaning the combustion dish 22 with the blades 50, when the air volume switching select switch 180 is operated in accordance with H, the amount of ash remaining in the combustion dish 22 is reduced, the flame is stabilized, and subsequent re-ignition is easy. It is recommended that you do it from time to time.

  When the use of the pellet stove 10 is finished, when the lit STOVE button 174 is pressed, the button blinks at regular intervals (for example, every 0.5 seconds), the supply of the pellets 38 is stopped, and the fire extinguishes spontaneously. . Until the fire is extinguished, the exhaust fan 98 and the blower fan 112 continue to operate. However, when the combustion chamber 18 falls below the set temperature, only the blower fan 112 stops operating and, after a predetermined time set separately, the exhaust fan. 98 also stops operation. The STOVE button 174 is turned off when the operation is stopped. Finally, the POWER button 172 is pressed to turn off the power.

  In addition, the pellet stove 10 of a present Example can be utilized for indoor air circulation by performing the driving | operation only of ventilation. For example, if the FAN button 178 is pressed after turning on the power by pressing the POWER button 172, the button is lit in green, and only the blower fan 112 is activated. The air volume is adjusted by the air volume switching select switch 180. When stopping the blowing, the FAN button 178 is pressed again to stop the operation of the blowing fan 112, and then the POWER button 172 is pressed to turn off the power to end the operation.

  Since ash is collected in the ash tray 58 by using the pellet stove 10, the door 64 is periodically opened and the ash tray 58 is pulled out of the combustion chamber 18 for cleaning. In addition to the cleaning of the ash tray 58, the combustion container 20 and its surroundings are cleaned and the ash and soot are removed. These cleaning operations are performed after the temperature of each part of the pellet stove 10 has become sufficiently low. Further, when the windshield 66 is wiped with a soft cloth or the like, the state of the flame in the combustion chamber 18 can always be confirmed. When not in use for a long period of time, such as when the season is off, remove the power plug 168 from the outlet, collect the outside of the exhaust pipe 102 and the intake pipe 108 with vinyl or the like, and prevent dust and the like from accumulating inside. Good.

Thus, according to the first embodiment, there are the following effects.
(1) A rotating body 130 in which a storage groove 132 for temporarily storing pellets 38 is formed on the surface is provided inside the case 122 of the pellet supply device 120, and a large number of pellets 38 supplied from a pellet tank 152 are provided It is received by the rotating body 130. And since it was made to pass under the adjustment plate 140 and 144 provided in the rotation direction of this rotary body 130, ie, the transfer direction side of the pellet 38, the said plate 38 is stored by the said adjustment plates 140 and 144. The amount can be adjusted to a substantially constant amount that can be stored in the groove 132. Furthermore, since the upper ends of the adjusting plates 140 and 144 can be turned as a fulcrum, damage due to friction or catching can be prevented, and the amount of the pellets 38 can be adjusted smoothly. Further, since the structure is simple, maintenance can be easily performed.

  (2) A blade 50 that is not in close contact with the bottom surface 22A of the combustion dish is provided and rotated, and the ash discharge port 28 for discharging the combustion residue, ash, etc. of the pellets crushed by the blade 50 is burned. Since it is provided below the dish side surface 22B, it is possible to prevent the combustion efficiency from being lowered due to the blockage of the vent hole 24 and to clean the combustion dish 22 easily.

(3) Since the pellet supply device 120 and the combustion container 20 are used, the pellet stove 10 can be stably operated for a long time without a decrease in combustion efficiency.
(4) Since the warm air supplied from the warm air outlet 84 does not contain odor components and harmful components, the burden on the human body is very small and it can be used comfortably.
(5) Since the amount of carbon dioxide contained in the combustion gas in the combustion chamber 18 is small, exhausting the exhaust from the exhaust port 104 to the outside of the chamber will not adversely affect the environment.

In addition, this invention is not limited to the Example mentioned above, A various change can be added in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention. For example, the following are also included.
(1) The shape and size in the above embodiment are merely examples, and may be appropriately changed as necessary. Moreover, as long as the material which comprises each part has the same effect, you may use various well-known things.

  (2) The configuration of the combustion container 20 of the above embodiment is also an example, and the design may be changed as appropriate so as to achieve the same effect. For example, in the embodiment, the cover 40 is provided so as to cover almost the entire outer peripheral surface of the combustion dish 22, but the combustion container shown in the perspective view of FIG. 7A and the cross-sectional view of FIG. A cover 40 'may be provided so as to substantially cover only the portion where the ash discharge port 28 is formed, such as 20'. Further, in the above embodiment, the blade 50 that is in a non-contact state is provided on the bottom surface 22A of the combustion dish. However, the shape and number of the blades do not hinder the combustion of the pellet 38, and pulverize or extrude ash, pulverized material, or the like. As long as it can be performed, it may be changed as appropriate. Further, for example, as in the combustion container 200 shown in the plan view of FIG. 8A and the cross-sectional view of FIG. 8B, the disk-shaped rotating disk 202 is not in close contact with the combustion dish bottom 22A instead of the blades. You may make it provide so that it may become. In this case, since only the rotation of the turntable 202 does not provide the same effect as the above-described embodiment, it protrudes toward the center at a position below the combustion dish side surface 22B and not in contact with the turntable 202. A plurality of fixed blades 204 are provided. In this way, the combustion residue on the rotating disk 202 is pulverized by the fixed blade 204 and pushed out from the ash discharge port 206 provided in the vicinity of the fixed blade 204. Further, the position where the ash discharge port 28 or 206 is formed can be changed as needed.

  (3) The control operation by the electric control unit 164 is an example, and based on the output results of the temperature sensors 76A and 76B, the overturn sensor 160, and the wind pressure sensor 162 (wind pressure switch), overheating prevention and cold wind blowing prevention, It is also possible to automatically stop operation when intake / exhaust is insufficient or when an earthquake occurs, and to take safety into consideration. In the above embodiment, the temperature is determined from the average of the detection results of both the temperature sensors 76A and 76B. However, two temperature sensors are not necessarily provided, and only one of them may be provided. The controller 170 is also an example, and the design may be changed to perform various controls by providing other buttons and switches.

  (4) Although the pellet stove 10 of the above-described embodiment includes both the combustion container and the pellet supply device of the present invention, a configuration including only one of them may be employed. Further, only the combustion container 20 may be used alone for combustion of solid fuel other than pellets, or the pellet supply device 120 may be used for adjusting the powder to a certain amount. In the above-described embodiment, a substantially cylindrical member is used as the rotating body 130. However, it is also possible to use a substantially spherical member by changing the shapes of the lower ends of the adjusting plates 140 and 144.

  According to the present invention, the pellets supplied from above are received by the rotating body having pellet storing grooves on the surface, and the surface of the rotating body is worn by the lower end of the adjusting plate provided on the rotating direction side of the rotating body. Since it did in this way, it can apply to the use of the pellet supply apparatus which always supplies a substantially constant amount of pellets.

  In addition, according to the present invention, the combustion residue is pulverized by the movable blade or the movable plate provided so as not to be in close contact with the bottom surface of the pellet combustion dish, and the discharge port for discharging the pulverized material and ash is provided. Since it is provided below the side surface of the combustion dish, the combustion efficiency does not decrease and cleaning is easy, so that it can be applied to the use of a solid fuel combustion container.

  Further, by using the pellet supply device and the combustion container, it is possible to stably operate for a long time without lowering the combustion efficiency, and it is possible to easily perform maintenance. Suitable for stove applications.

It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of Example 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which cut | disconnected the said FIG. 1 along the # A- # A line | wire and looked at the arrow direction. It is a figure which shows the structure of the combustion container of the said Example 1, (A) is a top view, (B) is a perspective view, (C) is the said (B) cut | disconnected along the # B- # B line, and the arrow It is sectional drawing which shows the state seen in the direction. It is a figure which shows the structure of the heat exchanger of the said Example 1, (A) is a perspective view, (B) is the state which cut | disconnected said (A) along the # C- # C line | wire and looked at the arrow direction. It is sectional drawing shown. It is a figure which shows the structure of the pellet supply apparatus of the said Example 1, (A) is a perspective view which fractures | ruptures and shows it partially, (B) is the said (A) cut | disconnected along a # D- # D line, and an arrow It is sectional drawing seen in the direction. It is a figure which shows an example of the controller of the said Example 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the other example of the combustion container of this invention, (A) is a perspective view, (B) is sectional drawing which cut | disconnected said (A) along the # E- # E line and looked at the arrow direction. is there. It is a figure which shows the other example of the combustion container of this invention, (A) is a top view, (B) is sectional drawing which cut | disconnected said (A) along the # F- # F line | wire and looked at the arrow direction. is there. It is a figure which shows the structure of the combustion container of a prior art.

Explanation of symbols

10: Pellet stove 10A: Front body 10B: Rear body 12: Base 14: Leg (jack-bolt or caster)
16: Combustion device 18: Combustion chamber 20: Combustion vessel 22: Combustion dish 22A: Bottom surface 22B: Side surface 24: Ventilation port 26: Through hole 28: Ash discharge port 30: Pellet receiving port 32: Wind box (air pan)
32A: Horizontal portion 32B: Vertical portion 32C: Extension portion 34: Through hole 36: Opening 38: Pellet 40, 40 ': Cover 42: Foot 44: Receiving base 46: Through hole 48: Shaft 50: Blade 52: Storage box 54: Rotating motor 56: Rotating shaft 58: Ash tray 60: Groove 62: Pull handle 64: Door 66: Windshield 68: Gasket 70: Inlet 72: Discharge port 74: Heat exchange plate 75: Plate 76A, 76B: Temperature sensor 80: heat exchanger 80A: front surface 80B: back surface 82: partition 84: hot air outlet 86: intake port 88: heat exchange plate 90: gasket 92: case 92A: front surface 92B: back surface 92C: side surface 94: air intake port 96A to 96C: Plate 98: Exhaust fan 100: Exhaust duct 102: Exhaust pipe 104: Exhaust port 106: Wall 108: Intake pipe 110: Vent 112: blower fan 114: blower duct 116: opening 120: pellet feeder 122: case 122A: upper surface 122B, 122C: side 122D: slope 123: curved surface portion 124: receiving port 126: outlet 130: rotating body 132: Storage groove 134: shaft 135: rotating shaft 136: rotating motor 138: edge 140, 144: adjusting plate 142, 146: shaft 148: pellet chute 150: inlet 152: pellet tank 154: inlet 156: lid 160: overturn Sensor 162: Wind pressure sensor (wind pressure switch)
164: Electric control unit 166: Power cord 168: Plug 170: Controller 172: POWER button 174: STOVE button 176: Pellet button 178: FAN button 180: Air volume change select switch 182: Air volume adjustment volume 200: Combustion vessel 202: Turntable 204: Fixed blade 206: Ash discharge port 300: Combustion vessel 302: Combustion tray 304: Ventilation port 305: Opening 306: Passage 308: Wind box 310: Intake pipe 312: Input port 314: Pellet 320: Combustion plate 322: Long hole 324: Standing nails

Claims (11)

A container having a pellet receiving port on the top surface and having a pellet discharge port on the bottom surface, the container excluding the receiving port and the discharge port being sealed;
The container is sandwiched between two opposing side surfaces of the container and is disposed below the receiving port. The pellets introduced from the receiving port are received and sent to the discharge port side, and the side surface can be rotated. A substantially cylindrical or substantially spherical rotating body with a substantially horizontal axis extending through
A rotation drive means provided on the outside of the container for rotating the shaft of the rotating body;
At least one or more formed on the surface of the rotating body, a storage groove for temporarily storing a substantially constant amount of pellets,
An adjusting means which is provided in the vicinity of the receiving port and adjusts a large number of pellets charged on the rotating body from the receiving port to an amount that can be stored in the storage groove;
A pellet supply apparatus comprising: The adjusting means is
A first adjusting plate that is provided at an edge of the receiving port on the side of the pellet transfer direction or in the vicinity thereof, and has a lower end arranged so as to maintain a predetermined distance from the surface of the rotating body;
A second adjusting plate which is arranged at a predetermined interval from the first adjusting plate to the pellet transfer direction side, and is arranged so that a lower end side thereof is substantially in contact with the surface of the rotating body;
Including
The pellet supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a width of the lower end side of each of the first and second adjustment plates is set to be substantially the same as a width of the storage groove.   The pellet supply apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the first and second adjustment plates are rotatable with the upper end side as a fulcrum. A combustion dish that has a plurality of ventilation holes on the bottom surface and has an open top, and burns solid fuel;
An air introduction means provided below the bottom surface of the combustion dish and having a passage for air sent from the ventilation port to the combustion dish;
Pulverizing means for pulverizing the combustion residue of the solid fuel inside the combustion dish;
At least one place below the side surface of the combustion dish, and a discharge port for discharging the pulverized material by the pulverizing means to the outside of the combustion dish;
A combustion container comprising: The crushing means comprises:
A shaft that penetrates the combustion dish and the air introduction means substantially vertically and is rotatable with respect to the combustion dish and the air introduction means,
A movable blade or a movable plate fixed to the upper end side of the shaft and provided in a non-contact state with the bottom surface of the combustion dish;
Rotational drive means for rotating the shaft;
The combustion container according to claim 4, comprising:   6. The combustion container according to claim 5, wherein the crushing means includes a fixed blade provided at a position below the inner side surface of the combustion dish and not in contact with the rotating movable blade or movable plate. .   The combustion container according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein a cover body that maintains a predetermined distance from the discharge port is provided on an outer peripheral surface of the combustion dish. A combustion container having a means for pulverizing the combustion residue of pellets and a discharge port for the pulverized product, and a combustion chamber having a pellet inlet to the combustion container;
A first air circulation system for taking outdoor air into the combustion chamber by exhausting the air in the combustion chamber to the outside;
A heat exchanging means provided above the combustion chamber, and having a blow-out port for supplying air warmed by heat exchange with the combustion chamber into the room as warm air;
A second air circulation system for sucking indoor air and sending it to the air intake side of the heat exchange means;
Pellet storage means for storing a large number of the pellets;
A pellet supply device that adjusts the pellets supplied from the pellet storage means to a substantially constant amount and sends them to a pellet transfer path connected to the inlet of the combustion chamber;
Pellet stove characterized by comprising.   The pellet stove according to claim 8, wherein the pellet supply means is the pellet supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   The pellet stove according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the combustion container is the combustion container according to any one of claims 4 to 7. A control means for adjusting the intake and exhaust amount by the first and second air circulation systems and the pellet supply amount by the pellet supply device, adjusting the temperature of the hot air blown indoors and controlling the blow amount;
The pellet stove according to any one of claims 8 to 10, comprising:

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