JP5937432B2 - motor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a motor, and more particularly to a motor provided with a magnetic flux guide for guiding a magnetic flux from a permanent magnet into a core between an armature core and a permanent magnet constituting a field.

  As a specification of a motor having an armature core and a permanent magnet as a field body, it is required that the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet can be efficiently used with a relatively simple configuration. In response to this requirement, a motor in which a soft magnetic material is disposed between an armature core and a permanent magnet has already been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In the motor described in Patent Literature 1, a soft magnetic body (referred to as a magnetic guide portion in Patent Literature 1) is attached to the surface of the permanent magnet on the armature core side. Thereby, the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet easily passes through the soft magnetic body and is guided to the armature core.

  Further, in a normal motor, the length of the permanent magnet in the rotation axis direction of the motor is longer than the length of the armature core in the same direction. The magnetic flux emitted from the portion located outside the both ends is less likely to reach the armature core than the magnetic flux emitted from the other portion (the portion facing the armature core in the rotation axis direction). There is a risk that. On the other hand, in the motor described in Patent Document 1, since the soft magnetic material is fixed to the permanent magnet, as shown in FIG. 50, the permanent magnet is placed outside the both ends of the armature core. Even the magnetic flux generated from the position is appropriately guided to the armature core. FIG. 50 is a diagram illustrating the magnetic flux passing through the soft magnetic material.

JP 2008-35639 A

  By the way, in recent years, there is a demand for further downsizing the motor, and the number of magnetic poles of the motor may be increased to meet this demand. In other words, it is conceivable to form a permanent magnet by arranging a plurality of N-pole magnetic regions and S-pole magnetic regions so that the magnetic poles are alternately changed along the rotation direction of the motor. In such a configuration in which the N-pole magnetic regions and the S-pole magnetic regions are alternately arranged along the rotation direction of the motor, one soft magnetic body (magnetic material) is provided for each magnetic region as shown in FIG. If the guide portion is provided, the magnetic flux from each magnetic region can easily be guided to the armature core through the corresponding soft magnetic material. As a result, even when a permanent magnet having a plurality of magnetic regions is provided, the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet can be used efficiently. FIG. 51 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration in which a soft magnetic material is provided for each of a plurality of magnetic regions.

However, when a soft magnetic material (magnetic guide portion) is provided for each of the plurality of magnetic regions, if an individual soft magnetic material is prepared for each magnetic region, the number of soft magnetic materials increases. As a result, the number of parts of the entire motor increases, and the man-hours in the motor assembly work increase accordingly.
Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and the object of the present invention is to efficiently use magnetic flux from a permanent magnet composed of a plurality of magnetic regions and to be assembled. It is to provide an excellent motor.

According to the motor of the present invention, the object is to provide an armature core, a permanent magnet facing the armature core, and the permanent magnet and the electric machine for guiding magnetic flux from the permanent magnet into the armature core. A magnetic flux guide portion disposed between the magnetic core and the magnetic core, wherein the permanent magnet includes a plurality of magnetic regions arranged so that the magnetic poles are alternately changed along a rotation direction of the motor. The magnetic flux guide portion is provided for each magnetic region, and connects a facing portion disposed at a position facing the magnetic region in the rotational direction and two opposing portions adjacent to each other in the rotational direction. A connecting portion that connects one end portion in the rotational axis direction of the motor of each of the first facing portion and the second facing portion that are the two facing portions adjacent to each other in the rotational direction. The first series And a second connecting portion that connects the other end portions of the first facing portion and the second facing portion in the rotational axis direction, and the magnetic flux guide portion includes the rotation portion. An intermediate portion is provided between the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion in the axial direction, and the facing portion, the first connecting portion, the second connecting portion, and the intermediate portion are soft. This is solved by applying a demagnetization process only to the soft magnetic material that is made of a magnetic material and forms the intermediate portion .

According to the motor, since the magnetic flux guide portion is opposed to each magnetic region of the permanent magnet, the magnetic flux generated from each magnetic region is appropriately guided to the armature core and efficiently used. Become so. In addition, since the adjacent facing portions are connected and integrated by the connecting portion, the number of parts is reduced as compared with the configuration in which the facing portions are individually separated, and handling is simplified. In particular, the work of assembling the magnetic flux guide is facilitated. As a result, it is possible to efficiently use magnetic flux from a permanent magnet composed of a plurality of magnetic regions, and to realize a motor with excellent assemblability.
Moreover, if it is said structure, it will be possible to avoid the twist which may arise when each center part of the rotating shaft direction of each adjacent opposing part is connected, and to connect between opposing parts appropriately Become.
Moreover, if a magnetic flux leaks into parts other than an opposing part among magnetic flux guide parts, it will become difficult to utilize the magnetic flux from a permanent magnet efficiently. For this reason, it becomes possible to suppress the leakage of the magnetic flux to the said part by performing a demagnetization process about the part (namely, intermediate | middle part) except a opposing part and each connection part in a magnetic flux guide part.

Further, according to another motor of the present invention, the above-described problem is that the armature core, the permanent magnet opposed to the armature core, and the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet are guided in the armature core. A motor having a magnetic flux guide disposed between the permanent magnet and the armature core, wherein the permanent magnets are arranged in such a manner that the magnetic poles are alternately changed along the rotation direction of the motor. The magnetic flux guide portion is provided for each of the magnetic regions, and is disposed at a position facing the magnetic region in the rotational direction, and the two opposing surfaces adjacent to each other in the rotational direction. Each of the first facing portion and the second facing portion, which are the two facing portions adjacent to each other in the rotational direction, in the rotational axis direction of the motor. Connect one end to the other A first connecting portion, and a second connecting portion for connecting the other ends of the first opposing portion and the second opposing portion in the rotational axis direction, and the magnetic flux guiding portion is And a hole formed between the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion in the rotation axis direction, and the hole portion is disposed so as to overlap a boundary between the magnetic regions in the rotation direction. And the end of the hole in the rotational direction reaches at least one of the first opposing part and the second opposing part, and the length of the hole in the rotational axis direction is the rotation This is solved by increasing from the end of the hole in the direction toward the center of the hole.
According to the motor, since the magnetic flux guide portion is opposed to each magnetic region of the permanent magnet, the magnetic flux generated from each magnetic region is appropriately guided to the armature core and efficiently used. Become so. In addition, since the adjacent facing portions are connected and integrated by the connecting portion, the number of parts is reduced as compared with the configuration in which the facing portions are individually separated, and handling is simplified. In particular, the work of assembling the magnetic flux guide is facilitated. As a result, it is possible to efficiently use magnetic flux from a permanent magnet composed of a plurality of magnetic regions, and to realize a motor with excellent assemblability.
Moreover, if it is said structure, it will be possible to avoid the twist which may arise when each center part of the rotating shaft direction of each adjacent opposing part is connected, and to connect between opposing parts appropriately Become.
In addition, as described above, it is necessary to prevent the magnetic flux from leaking into the part other than the facing part of the magnetic flux guide part, and a hole is formed between the first connection part and the second connection part in the magnetic flux guide part. If the hole is arranged so that the hole overlaps the boundary between the magnetic regions, it is possible to suppress leakage of the magnetic flux to a portion other than the facing portion.
Also, with the above configuration, the area of the portion where the hole is opened gradually changes along the rotation direction, and accordingly, the magnitude of the magnetic flux passing through the magnetic flux guide portion is along the rotation direction. It gradually changes, so that a so-called skew function is obtained, and it is possible to suppress the magnetic fluctuation accompanying the motor rotation and the occurrence of vibration and noise due to this.

  In the above motor, the length of each of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion in the rotation axis direction is the length of the permanent magnet in the rotation axis direction and the electric machine along the rotation axis direction. It is preferable that the difference is not more than half of the difference from the length of the child core. Of the magnetic flux guide portion, the portion that does not face the armature core is preferably as narrow as possible in order to suppress the leakage of the magnetic flux, and the above configuration is desirable from this viewpoint.

The above-mentioned motor smell Te, before Symbol flux guides, the when the intermediate portion in the rotational direction is disposed so as to overlap the boundary between the magnetic region is preferable.
During magnetic flux guide portion, the portion (i.e., an intermediate portion) excluding the opposing portion and the connecting portion performs demagnetization process for, if it is arranged such that the portion overlaps the boundaries between magnetic regions, to the portion It becomes possible to suppress leakage of magnetic flux. Further, when the magnetic flux guide portion is formed using an annular member (ring-shaped member) made of a soft magnetic material as a base material, the above-described configuration requires time and labor for notching or punching a predetermined portion of the annular member. Therefore, it is possible to acquire the magnetic flux guide part more easily.

  Further, in the motor, the magnetic flux guide portion has a slit formed in the facing portion, and the slit is long along any one of the rotation axis direction and the rotation direction of the motor. It may be a slit. With such a configuration, the flow of eddy current generated at the opposite portion of the magnetic flux guide is blocked by the slit, so that energy loss (eddy current loss) due to eddy current can be reduced.

  Furthermore, in the motor in which the slit is provided in the magnetic flux guide portion, the magnetic flux guide portion has a plurality of slits formed in the facing portion, and the plurality of slits are elongated along the rotation axis direction. These may be arranged at regular intervals along the rotation direction. With such a configuration, the magnetic flux guide portion (specifically, the portion other than the slit in the facing portion) functions as a pseudo salient pole, and the salient pole is regularly provided. Thus, it is possible to avoid non-uniform magnetic flux density at each part of the opposing part. In other words, the slits are regularly formed in the facing portion, so that the magnetic balance in the motor is improved, thereby suppressing the magnetic fluctuation accompanying the motor rotation and the occurrence of vibration and noise due to this. It becomes possible.

  In the motor, the length of the permanent magnet in the rotation axis direction of the motor is longer than the length of the armature core in the rotation axis direction, and the length of the magnetic flux guide portion in the rotation axis direction is It is preferable that the length is equal to the length of the permanent magnet in the rotation axis direction. In the configuration in which the length of the permanent magnet is longer than the length of the armature core in the rotation axis direction as described above, if the length of the magnetic flux guide portion is equal to the length of the permanent magnet, both ends of the permanent magnet in the axial direction of the armature core It is possible to efficiently use the magnetic flux emitted from the portion that protrudes to the outside.

Further, in the above motor, the connecting portion of the previous SL and the first connecting portion, front SL and a second connecting portion, and wherein the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion, the rotation axis direction It is good also as being located in the outer side of the both ends of the said permanent magnet. With such a configuration, since each of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion is located outside both ends of the permanent magnet in the direction of the rotation axis of the motor, the magnetic resistance in each of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion is When each of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion is located at the same position as both ends of the permanent magnet in the axial direction (that is, when connecting the first facing portion and the second facing portion with the shortest distance). Higher than As a result, it is possible to suppress the magnetic flux from leaking from the first facing portion or the second facing portion to the connecting portion.

  Furthermore, in the above motor, the magnetic flux guide part has a hole surrounded by the first connecting part, the second connecting part, the first opposing part, and the second opposing part, Each of the facing portion and the second facing portion has an adjacent region adjacent to the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion in the rotation axis direction, and the magnetic flux guide portion is adjacent to the rotation shaft direction. It is even more preferable that both ends of the region are located at the same position as both ends of the permanent magnet, and that both ends of the hole portion are located outside both ends of the permanent magnet in the rotation axis direction. It is. Thus, when both ends of each adjacent region of the first facing portion and the second facing portion are located at the same position as both ends of the permanent magnet, and both ends of the hole portion are located outside both ends of the permanent magnet, The first connecting portion and the second connecting portion wrap around the outside of the permanent magnet in the rotation axis direction of the motor to connect the first facing portion and the second facing portion. For this reason, since the passage path becomes longer for the magnetic flux leaking from the first facing portion and the second facing portion to each connecting portion (the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion), the magnetic resistance is further increased. It is possible to further suppress the magnetic flux from leaking from the part or the second opposing part to the connecting part.

  In the above motor, it is preferable that the magnetic flux guide portion is composed of only one annular member. In such a configuration, since the facing portion and the connecting portion are both formed from the same member, handling is improved and attachment is further performed compared to a case where the facing portion and the connecting portion are configured by separate members. Becomes easier.

  As described above, according to the motor of the present invention, since the opposing portion of the magnetic flux guide portion is provided for each magnetic region of the permanent magnet, the magnetic flux generated from each magnetic region is appropriately guided to the core and efficiently. Will be used. Furthermore, since adjacent adjoining parts are connected and integrated by a connecting part, the number of parts is reduced. As a result, handling is simplified, and in particular, the work of assembling the magnetic flux guiding part is facilitated. As a result, it is possible to efficiently use the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet composed of a plurality of magnetic regions, and to realize a motor excellent in assemblability.

It is explanatory drawing of the motor which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a top view which shows the structure in a magnet yoke. It is the figure which showed the structure in the magnet yoke except an armature. It is a figure which shows the AA cross section of FIG. It is an expanded view of the magnetic flux guide part which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure in the magnet yoke which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is an expanded view of the magnetic flux guide part which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure in the magnet yoke which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is an expanded view of the magnetic flux guide part which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure in the magnet yoke which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is an expanded view of the magnetic flux guide part which concerns on 4th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure in the magnet yoke which concerns on 5th Embodiment. It is an expanded view of the magnetic flux guide part which concerns on 5th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the effect at the time of using the magnetic flux guide part which concerns on 5th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure in the magnet yoke which concerns on 6th Embodiment. It is an expanded view of the magnetic flux guide part which concerns on 6th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the modification about the structure in the magnet yoke which concerns on 6th Embodiment. FIG. 18 is a development view of a magnetic flux guide unit according to a modification illustrated in FIG. 17. It is the figure which showed the structure in the magnet yoke which concerns on 7th Embodiment. It is the figure which showed the structure at the time of using a magnet ring as a permanent magnet (the 1). It is the figure which showed the structure at the time of using a magnet ring as a permanent magnet (the 2). It is explanatory drawing of the motor which concerns on 8th Embodiment. It is a top view which shows the structure in a magnet yoke. It is the figure which showed the structure of the rotor which concerns on 8th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the AA cross section of FIG. It is an expanded view of the magnetic flux guide part which concerns on 8th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the modification of the magnetic flux guide part which concerns on 8th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the rotor which concerns on 9th Embodiment. It is an expanded view of the magnetic flux guide part which concerns on 9th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the rotor which concerns on 10th Embodiment. It is an expanded view of the magnetic flux guide part which concerns on 10th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the rotor which concerns on 11th Embodiment. It is an expanded view of the magnetic flux guide part which concerns on 11th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the rotor which concerns on 12th Embodiment. It is an expanded view of the magnetic flux guide part which concerns on 12th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the effect at the time of using the magnetic flux guide part which concerns on 12th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the rotor which concerns on 13th Embodiment. It is an expanded view of the magnetic flux guide part which concerns on 13th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the modification about the structure of the rotor which concerns on 13th Embodiment. FIG. 39 is a development view of the magnetic flux guide unit according to the modification shown in FIG. 38. It is a figure which shows the structure of the rotor which concerns on 14th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the rotor which concerns on 15th Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the 1st example of the fixation style of a magnetic flux guide part. It is a figure which shows the 1st example of the fixation style of a magnetic flux guide part. FIG. 43 is an enlarged view of a range M in FIG. 42. FIG. 43 is an enlarged view of a range N in FIG. 42. It is a figure which shows the 2nd example of the fixation style of a magnetic flux guide part. It is a figure which shows the 3rd example of the fixation style of a magnetic flux guide part. It is a figure which shows the 3rd example of the fixation style of a magnetic flux guide part. It is a figure which shows the 3rd example of the fixation style of a magnetic flux guide part. It is a figure which shows the magnetic flux which passes a soft magnetic body. It is the figure which showed an example of the structure which provides a soft-magnetic body with respect to each of several magnetic area | regions.

  An embodiment (first embodiment) of a motor of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a motor according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the configuration inside the magnet yoke. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration inside the magnet yoke excluding the armature. FIG. 4 is a view showing a cross section taken along the line AA of FIG. FIG. 5 is a development view of the magnetic flux guide unit according to the first embodiment. Each figure is shown in a simplified form for easy understanding of the description. FIG. 1 illustrates only the inside of the magnet yoke, which is a characteristic part (part relating to the present invention), of the motor according to the first embodiment.

First, the overall configuration of a motor according to the present embodiment (hereinafter simply referred to as motor 1) will be outlined.
The motor 1 is a DC motor having a multi-pole multi-slot structure, and is used as a small motor for motor vehicles (for example, a drive source for automatically opening and closing doors and windows). The motor 1 according to the present embodiment employs a known configuration except that it includes a magnetic flux guide ring 5 described later.

  That is, the motor 1 includes a cylindrical magnet yoke 2 as in a general DC motor, and an armature 3 (rotor) and a field body 4 are disposed in the magnet yoke 2 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. (Stator) is accommodated.

  The armature 3 is disposed in the central portion of the magnet yoke 2 in the radial direction, and includes a shaft 11 as a rotation shaft and an armature core 12 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The shaft 11 is a metal shaft member and functions as an output shaft of the motor 1. Therefore, the rotation direction of the shaft 11 corresponds to the rotation direction of the motor 1. The armature core 12 is attached to the central portion of the shaft 11 in the axial direction, and a plurality (eight in the case shown in FIGS. 1 and 2) of teeth T1 formed radially along the radial direction of the magnet yoke 2. To T8 and the same number of slots R1 to R8 as the teeth T1 to T8. The number of teeth and slots is not limited to the case shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and can be set arbitrarily.

  A coil (not shown) is wound around each of the teeth T1 to T8, and an exciting current flows through each coil, so that the armature core 12 and the shaft 11 rotate integrally. In addition, as a method for flowing an exciting current through the coil, for example, a publicly known method such as obtaining electrical continuity by bringing a feeding brush and a commutator into contact can be used.

  The field body 4 corresponds to the permanent magnet of the present invention, and surrounds the armature 3 including the armature core 12 in the magnet yoke 2 and supplies magnetic flux necessary for the rotation of the armature 3. The field body 4 according to the present embodiment is composed of N-pole and S-pole permanent magnet pieces 4 a arranged along the inner wall surface of the magnet yoke 2. Thereby, the field body 4 includes a plurality of magnetic regions arranged so that the magnetic poles are alternately changed along the rotation direction of the armature 3 (in other words, the rotation direction of the shaft 11). Here, the magnetic region is a portion that supplies magnetic flux toward the armature core 12 among the elements constituting the field body 4, and in the present embodiment, each magnetic field is formed by the fragmentary permanent magnet pieces 4a. A region is formed.

  The N-pole permanent magnet pieces 4 a and the S-pole permanent magnet pieces 4 a are alternately arranged along the rotation direction of the armature 3 to form an annular shape. That is, the plurality of permanent magnet pieces 4a constituting the field body 4 are arranged in an annular shape along the rotational direction so as to surround the armature core 12 while providing a slight gap between the permanent magnet pieces 4a. In arranging the permanent magnet pieces 4a so as to surround the armature core 12, for example, a plurality of permanent magnet pieces 4a may be arranged in an elliptical shape or a rectangular shape.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the plurality of permanent magnet pieces 4a are arranged at substantially equal intervals in the rotation direction of the armature 3 (for example, an interval of about 60 degrees when six permanent magnet pieces 4a are provided). Yes. That is, in the motor 1 of the present embodiment, each permanent magnet piece 4 a is arranged so that the magnetic poles change at regular intervals along the rotation direction of the armature 3. As described above, the permanent magnet pieces 4a are arranged in the rotation direction of the armature 3 with a space therebetween. In other words, a space (space) is formed at the boundary between the permanent magnet pieces 4a.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the length of each permanent magnet piece 4a in the axial direction of the shaft 11 (in other words, the length of the field body 4 in the same direction) is longer than the length of the armature core 12 in the same direction. ing. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, in the axial direction of the shaft 11, the central portion of the permanent magnet piece 4a faces the armature core 12 (specifically, each of the teeth T1 to T8), and both ends of the permanent magnet piece 4a. The portion is located outside the armature core 12 (positioned at a position protruding from the end of the armature core 12 in the axial direction of the shaft 11). This is formed by laminating a plurality of core sheets (not shown) in the armature core 12 according to the present embodiment, and the magnetic flux is limited in the thickness (the axial length of the shaft 11). In order to efficiently obtain the above, the length of the permanent magnet piece 4a is made longer than the laminated thickness.

  In the present embodiment, the length (indicated by symbol L1 in FIG. 4) of the portion of the both ends of the permanent magnet piece 4a in the axial direction of the shaft 11 that protrudes outward from the armature core 12 on one end side, and the like. The length of the portion protruding outside the armature core 12 on the end side (shown by the symbol L2 in FIG. 4) is substantially the same.

  Note that the length of each permanent magnet piece 4a in the axial direction of the shaft 11 is not limited to the case where it is longer than the length of the armature core 12, but is the same as the length of the armature core 12, or The structure may be shorter than the length of the armature core 12.

  In this embodiment, a magnetic flux guide ring 5 is provided in the magnet yoke 2 in addition to the well-known motor configuration described above. The magnetic flux guide ring 5 corresponds to a magnetic flux guide portion, and is disposed between the permanent magnet piece 4 a and the armature core 12 in order to easily guide the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet piece 4 a into the armature core 12. . That is, the magnetic flux guide ring 5 functions as a so-called auxiliary iron core, and is disposed between each permanent magnet piece 4a and the armature core 12, thereby efficiently supplying the magnetic flux from each permanent magnet piece 4a to the armature core. 12 can be led into. The magnetic flux guide ring 5 of the present embodiment is made of a soft magnetic material, and is formed, for example, by compressing and molding a soft magnetic material powder or by processing and forming a steel plate.

  The magnetic flux guide ring 5 will be described in more detail. The magnetic flux guide ring 5 is fixed to the inner surface of each permanent magnet piece 4a, thereby protecting each permanent magnet piece 4a and preventing magnetic flux from each permanent magnet piece 4a. It becomes possible to improve uniformity and resistance to demagnetization. The magnetic flux guide ring 5 may be fixed by applying an adhesive on the surface of the permanent magnet piece 4a or fastening it with a fastening member (not shown) (for example, a bolt nut).

  As described above, the end of each permanent magnet piece 4a in the axial direction of the shaft 11 is located outside the end of the armature core 12, but the magnetic flux guide ring 5 is connected to the permanent magnet piece 4a and the electric machine. By being interposed between the child core 12, even the magnetic flux from both ends of the permanent magnet piece 4 a is guided to the armature core 12.

  By the way, the magnetic flux guide ring 5 of the present embodiment is composed of only one member, and the one member is an annular member made of a soft magnetic material. That is, in this embodiment, since only one endless magnetic flux guide is provided, it is a component as compared with the case where a piece of magnetic flux guide (for example, a soft magnetic material) is provided for each permanent magnet piece 4a. Score is reduced. As a result, the handleability of the magnetic flux guide part (specifically, the magnetic flux guide ring 5) is improved, and the work of assembling as a motor component becomes easy.

  More specifically, the magnetic flux guide ring 5 of the present embodiment is alternately provided with opposing portions 5a and connecting portions 5b along the circumferential direction (in other words, the rotation direction of the armature 3). . Here, the facing portion 5a corresponds to a portion of the magnetic flux guide ring 5 that is disposed at a position facing the permanent magnet piece 4a in the circumferential direction, and is provided for each permanent magnet piece 4a. That is, the facing portion 5a is fixed to the inner surface of each permanent magnet piece 4a, and the magnetic flux from each permanent magnet piece 4a passes through the corresponding facing portion 5a (the facing portion 5a fixed to the inner surface). Appropriately guided to the armature core 12.

  In the present embodiment, the length of the magnetic flux guide ring 5 in the axial direction of the shaft 11 is equal to the length of the permanent magnet piece 4a in the same direction. More specifically, the facing portion 5a has an outer shape having substantially the same area as the inner surface of the permanent magnet piece 4a. The inner surface of the permanent magnet piece 4a is entirely covered by the facing portion 5a. It is in a state. As a result, the magnetic flux from each permanent magnet piece 4a is more appropriately guided to the armature core 12. That is, in the permanent magnet piece 4a, not only the magnetic flux emitted from the central portion in the axial direction of the shaft 11, but also the magnetic flux emitted from the end portion located outside the armature core 12 is directed to the armature core 12. Become.

  Further, a rectangular hole Ak is formed between the facing portions 5a in the rotation direction of the armature 3. That is, the magnetic flux guide ring 5 of the present embodiment includes the hole portion Ak as a gap formed between the facing portions 5a. In other words, the plurality of facing portions 5a provided for each permanent magnet piece 4a are arranged along the circumferential direction while providing the hole Ak between the facing portions 5a. When the magnetic flux guide ring 5 is installed at a predetermined position, the hole Ak is provided between the permanent magnet pieces 4a in the rotation direction of the armature 3 (specifically, between the permanent magnet pieces 4a). Will be placed in the same position as the (space).

  The connecting portion 5b is adjacent to the hole portion Ak (specifically, adjacent to the end portion of the hole portion Ak in the axial direction of the shaft 11) and adjacent to each other in the rotation direction of the armature 3. It is a part which connects 5a. In other words, the connecting portion 5b connects the opposing portions 5a adjacent to each other through the hole Ak. Thereby, the some opposing part 5a is integrated via the connection part 5b. In addition, as shown in FIGS. 3-5, the connection part 5b of this embodiment has two connection parts (1st in each of the space formed between opposing parts 5a in the rotation direction of the shaft 11. As shown in FIG. It has a connecting part 5c and a second connecting part 5d).

  More specifically, when the two facing portions 5a adjacent to each other in the rotation direction of the armature 3 are defined as the first facing portion and the second facing portion, the connecting portion 5b includes the first facing portion and the second facing portion. Each of the shafts 11 has a first connecting portion 5 c that connects one end portions in the axial direction of the shaft 11. Moreover, the connection part 5b has the 2nd connection part 5d which connects the other end parts in the said axial direction of each of a 1st opposing part and a 2nd opposing part. In this way, since the two opposing portions (the first opposing portion and the second opposing portion) that are adjacent to each other are connected by the two connecting portions 5b, the axial direction of each of the first opposing portion and the second opposing portion. It is possible to avoid the twist that may occur when the central portions are connected to each other and to appropriately connect the facing portions 5a.

  Further, the width of the first connecting portion 5c (the length in the axial direction of the shaft 11 is the same in the following) and the width of the second connecting portion 5d are substantially equal, and are the minimum for connecting the opposing portions 5a to each other. The width is sufficient to ensure the necessary strength. More specifically, as described above, the magnetic flux guide ring 5 of the present embodiment is composed of only one annular member, and a portion corresponding to the connecting portion 5b is left so as to maintain the annular shape (ring shape). The other parts are removed. Thus, it becomes possible to reduce the magnetic flux (leakage magnetic flux) which goes to the connection part 5b from the opposing part 5a by shortening the width | variety of the connection part 5b as much as possible.

More specifically, the length of the magnetic flux guide ring 5 in the axial direction of the shaft 11 (indicated by symbol G in FIG. 4) is the length of the permanent magnet piece 4a in the axial direction of the shaft 11 as shown in FIG. It is equal to the length (indicated by symbol X in FIG. 4). The width of each of the first connecting portion 5c and the second connecting portion 5d (indicated by symbols d1 and d2 in FIG. 4) is the length X of the permanent magnet piece 4a and the length of the armature core 12 in the axial direction. Is less than half of the difference (indicated by symbol Y in FIG. 4). That is, the width d1 of the first connecting portion 5c and the width d2 of the second connecting portion 5d satisfy the following relational expressions (1) and (2).
d1 ≦ (XY) / 2 (1)
d2 ≦ (XY) / 2 (2)

  The portion of the magnetic flux guide ring 5 that does not face the armature core 12 is preferably as narrow as possible in order to suppress leakage of magnetic flux. From this point of view, the width d1 of the first connection portion 5c and the second connection It is desirable that the width d2 of the portion 5d satisfies the above relational expressions (1) and (2).

  And in this embodiment, as shown in FIG.3 and FIG.5, in this embodiment, the 1st connection part 5c so that the width | variety d1 of the 1st connection part 5c and the width | variety d2 of the 2nd connection part 5d may satisfy | fill said relational expression. The above-mentioned hole Ak is formed between the second connecting portion 5d and the second connecting portion 5d. That is, the hole Ak according to the present embodiment is formed between the first connecting portion 5c and the second connecting portion 5d.

In addition, the dimension of the hole Ak will be described. The length of the hole Ak in the axial direction of the shaft 11 (indicated by the symbol a in FIG. 5) is the value of each of the first connecting part 5c and the second connecting part 5d. Since the relationship between the widths d1 and d2 satisfies the following formula (3), the formulas (1) and (2) are set in consideration of the formula (3).
G = X = a + d1 + d2 (3)

The length a of the hole Ak in the axial direction of the shaft 11 is preferably equal to or longer than the length Y of the armature core 12 in the axial direction.
a ≧ Y (4)

  By punching out the portion corresponding to the hole Ak among the annular member serving as the base material of the magnetic flux guide ring 5 so as to have the shape as described above, the opposing portion 5a and the connecting portion 5b (more specifically, Specifically, the first connecting part 5c and the second connecting part 5d) are formed. With this procedure, the magnetic flux guide ring 5 is completed and disposed between the permanent magnet piece 4 a and the armature core 12 in the radial direction of the magnet yoke 2.

  Thereby, the magnetic flux from each permanent magnet piece 4a comes to the armature core 12 appropriately like the case where a magnetic flux guide part (member corresponding to said opposing part 5a) is provided for every permanent magnet piece 4a. . In addition, the number of parts is reduced as compared with the configuration in which the magnetic flux guide portions provided for each permanent magnet piece 4a are separated from each other. As a result, the magnetic flux guide ring 5 of this embodiment is improved in handleability and can be easily incorporated into the motor. Further, the manufacturing cost can be reduced by reducing the number of parts.

  The effects described above are effective in reducing the size and weight of the motor 1. That is, at present, in order to reduce the size and weight of the motor 1, there is a tendency to increase the number of magnetic poles of the motor 1, that is, the number of permanent magnet pieces 4a and to reduce the size of each permanent magnet piece 4a. In such a situation, if an individual magnetic flux guide is provided for each permanent magnet piece 4a, the number of magnetic flux guides is increased while the individual size is reduced. Become poor.

  On the other hand, in the case of the magnetic flux guide ring 5 of the present embodiment, since the opposing portions 5a provided for each permanent magnet piece 4a are connected and integrated by the connecting portion 5b, the number of permanent magnet pieces 4a is reduced. Even when the number of permanent magnet pieces 4a is increased or the size of each permanent magnet piece 4a is reduced, the permanent magnet pieces 4a can be easily handled and the assembling property is improved. Therefore, the magnetic flux guide ring 5 is effective in reducing the size and weight of the motor 1.

<< Other Embodiments Regarding Motor 1 >>
Below, 2nd Embodiment thru | or 7th Embodiment are described as other embodiment regarding the motor 1. FIG. In addition, about each embodiment demonstrated below, description is abbreviate | omitted about the structure which is common in said embodiment (namely, 1st Embodiment).

(Second Embodiment)
In the first embodiment described above, the rectangular hole Ak is provided between the first connecting portion 5c and the second connecting portion 5d. However, the shape of the hole Ak may be other than the above. For example, in the embodiment in which the hole Ak having the shape shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is formed in the magnetic flux guide ring 5 (second embodiment), in addition to the effects described in the first embodiment, the hole Ak is unique. The effect will be obtained. Hereinafter, the hole Ak according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a configuration in the magnet yoke according to the second embodiment. FIG. 7 is a development view of the magnetic flux guide unit according to the second embodiment.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the hole Ak according to the second embodiment has a hexagonal shape, and its end (the end in the rotation direction of the armature 3) reaches the facing portion 5 a. . As shown in FIG. 7, the hexagonal hole Ak has a shape obtained by slightly compressing a regular hexagon along the rotation direction of the armature 3. A diagonal line connecting the apex angle is positioned so as to be orthogonal to the axial direction of the shaft 11.

  That is, the hole Ak according to the second embodiment is such that the length of the hole Ak in the axial direction of the shaft 11 increases from the end of the hole Ak in the rotation direction of the armature 3 toward the center of the hole Ak. Is formed. In other words, in the magnetic flux guide ring 5 according to the second embodiment, the degree of opening of the hole Ak gradually changes from the end in the rotation direction of the armature 3 toward the center.

  When the opening degree of the hole Ak gradually changes from the end in the rotation direction of the armature 3 toward the center, the magnitude of the magnetic flux passing through the magnetic flux guide ring 5 gradually increases along the rotation direction of the armature 3. Thus, a so-called skew function is obtained. With this skew function, it is possible to suppress magnetic fluctuations accompanying the rotation of the core, and the occurrence of vibration (cogging) and noise resulting therefrom.

  In order to obtain the above effect, the hole Ak is formed such that the length in the axial direction of the shaft 11 increases from the end of the hole Ak in the rotation direction of the armature 3 toward the center of the hole Ak. It only has to be done. As long as this requirement is satisfied, the shape of the hole Ak is not limited to the above shape (hexagonal shape), and can be arbitrarily set.

(Third embodiment)
In the second embodiment described above, the hole Ak formed between the first connecting portion 5c and the second connecting portion 5d has a hexagonal shape, and its end reaches the facing portion 5a, and the armature 3 rotates. The description has been made by taking as an example the hole Ak whose length (the length of the hole Ak in the axial direction of the shaft 11) increases from the end in the direction toward the center. As a result, the magnitude of the magnetic flux passing through the magnetic flux guide ring 5 gradually changes along the rotation direction of the armature 3, so that a so-called skew function is obtained. As a result, the magnetism associated with the rotation of the armature core 12 is obtained. It is possible to suppress fluctuations and the occurrence of vibration (cogging) and noise caused by this. However, the configuration for obtaining the skew function is not limited to the above embodiment (second embodiment). For example, holes Ak1, Ak2, and Ak3 as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 are formed. Embodiment (3rd Embodiment) may be sufficient.

  Hereinafter, the holes Ak1, Ak2, and Ak3 according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration in the magnet yoke according to the third embodiment. FIG. 9 is a development view of the magnetic flux guide unit according to the third embodiment.

  In the magnetic flux guide ring 5 according to the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, a rectangular shape similar to the hole Ak according to the first embodiment is provided between the first connecting portion 5c and the second connecting portion 5d. A hole Ak1 is formed. On the other hand, a second hole Ak <b> 2 is formed at a position adjacent to the hole Ak in the rotation direction of the armature 3. The second hole portion Ak2 has a rectangular shape, and is formed at the end of the facing portion 5a in the present embodiment. The length of the second hole portion Ak2 in the rotational direction is shorter than the length of the hole portion Ak1.

  A third hole Ak3 is formed at a position adjacent to the second hole Ak2 on the side opposite to the side where the hole Ak1 is located in the rotation direction of the armature 3. The third hole Ak3 is also rectangular, and in this embodiment, it is formed somewhat closer to the center than the end of the facing portion 5a. The length of the third hole portion Ak3 in the rotational direction is shorter than the length of the second hole portion Ak2.

  As described above, in the third embodiment, three holes Ak1, Ak2, and Ak3 having different sizes (lengths in the rotation direction) are provided, and these three holes Ak1, Ak2, and Ak3 are rotated by the armature 3. Lined up regularly along the direction. Thereby, also in 3rd Embodiment, the area of the part which the hole has opened among the magnetic flux guide rings 5 changes gradually along the rotation direction of the armature 3, and passes along the magnetic flux guide ring 5 in connection with this. As a result of the gradual change of the magnitude of the magnetic flux to be changed along the rotation direction, a so-called skew function can be obtained. Thereby, also in 3rd Embodiment, it becomes possible to suppress the magnetic fluctuation accompanying rotation of the armature core 12, and generation | occurrence | production of the vibration (cogging) and noise resulting from this small.

(Fourth embodiment)
In the first embodiment described above, the hole (hole portion Ak) is provided only between the first connection portion 5c and the second connection portion 5d. 5a may be provided with a hole. And as a form which provides a hole in the opposing part 5a, embodiment (4th Embodiment) which forms the slit S1 long in a predetermined direction in the opposing part 5a can be considered. Hereinafter, the magnetic flux guide ring 5 according to the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration in the magnet yoke according to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 11 is a development view of the magnetic flux guide unit according to the fourth embodiment.

  In the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, a rectangular slit S1 is formed in each facing portion 5a. That is, the magnetic flux guide ring 5 according to the fourth embodiment has a slit S1 formed in the facing portion 5a. The rectangular slit S <b> 1 is elongated along the axial direction of the shaft 11. Since the slit S1 is formed in the facing portion 5a, the armature 3 is efficiently rotated.

  More specifically, when the armature 3 rotates, the magnetic field in the vicinity of the facing portion 5a of the magnetic flux guide ring 5 changes, so that an eddy current is generated in the facing portion 5a. This eddy current is generated around an axis (virtual axis) penetrating the inner surface of the facing portion 5a, and heat is generated at the facing portion 5a. As a result, an energy loss corresponding to the heat generation amount is generated, and the input energy consumed for the rotation of the armature 3 is reduced by the loss (so-called eddy current loss). On the other hand, in the fourth embodiment, since the slit S1 that is long along the axial direction of the shaft 11 is formed in the facing portion 5a, the path through which the eddy current flows is blocked by the slit S1, so the magnitude of the eddy current is large. Thus, eddy current loss can be reduced.

  As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, as the number of slits S1 formed in the facing portion 5a increases, the degree of the above effect (the effect of blocking the eddy current path and reducing the eddy current) increases. It will be. In the case shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the slit S1 is elongated along the axial direction of the shaft 11. However, the slit S1 may have any shape as long as it can block the eddy current path. It is good also as being a slit long along the rotation direction of the armature 3. That is, the slit S <b> 1 formed in the facing portion 5 a may be a slit that is long along either the axial direction of the shaft 11 or the rotation direction of the armature 3.

(Fifth embodiment)
In the fourth embodiment described above, the slit S1 is formed in the facing portion 5a. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, an embodiment (fifth embodiment) in which slits S <b> 2 are formed in the facing portion 5 a at regular intervals along the rotation direction of the armature 3 may be used. . Hereinafter, the magnetic flux guide ring 5 according to the fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 14. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a configuration in the magnet yoke according to the fifth embodiment. FIG. 13 is a development view of the magnetic flux guide unit according to the fifth embodiment. FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an effect when the magnetic flux guide unit according to the fifth embodiment is used.

  In the fifth embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, a plurality of long rectangular slits S2 are formed in each facing portion 5a along the axial direction of the shaft 11, as in the fourth embodiment. The plurality of slits S <b> 2 are arranged at regular intervals along the rotation direction of the armature 3. That is, the magnetic flux guide ring 5 according to the fifth embodiment has a plurality of slits S2, and has regular irregularities on the surface of the facing portion 5a on the armature core 12 side. And among the unevenness | corrugations formed in the armature core 12 side surface of the opposing part 5a, about a convex part, the salient pole 6 will be made (refer FIG. 14).

  As described above, in the fifth embodiment, the pseudo salient pole 6 is formed on the facing portion 5 a of the magnetic flux guide ring 5, and a plurality of the pseudo salient poles are arranged along the rotation direction of the armature 3. As a result, as shown in FIG. 14, the magnetic flux passing through the facing portion 5a is dispersed by the pseudo salient pole 6, and the density of the passing magnetic flux is made uniform in each portion of the facing portion 5a. If a portion where the magnetic flux is locally concentrated in the facing portion 5a is generated, the magnetic flux traversed by the coil wound around the armature core 12 is changed as the armature 3 is rotated. Vibration and noise are generated. On the other hand, in the fifth embodiment, the magnetic flux density is uniform, and as a result, the magnetic balance in the motor is improved, so that the magnetic fluctuation accompanying the rotation of the core and the generation of vibration and noise due to this are generated. It becomes possible to suppress.

  As the magnetic flux guide ring 5 is overlapped in the radial direction of the magnet yoke 2 (in other words, as the height of the pseudo salient pole 6 increases), the strength of the pseudo salient pole 6 increases and the amount of magnetic flux is secured. Become so.

(Sixth embodiment)
In the above-described five embodiments (first to fifth embodiments), an annular member having the same length as the length of the permanent magnet piece 4a in the axial direction of the shaft 11 is prepared. The hole Ak is formed by punching a portion located between the permanent magnet pieces 4a in the rotation direction of the child 3. Thereby, the magnetic flux guide ring 5 which has the opposing part 5a and the connection part 5b (specifically the 1st connection part 5c and the 2nd connection part 5d) is formed. On the other hand, when the magnetic flux guide ring 5 is set at a predetermined position, the connecting portion 5b is positioned at substantially the same position as both end portions of the permanent magnet piece 4a in the axial direction of the shaft 11. For this reason, the magnetic flux which leaks from the opposing part 5a to the connection part 5b (henceforth, leakage magnetic flux) will generate | occur | produce not a little. In particular, in the configuration in which the connecting portion 5b is provided so as to connect the facing portions 5a with the shortest distance, the amount of leakage magnetic flux that leaks into the connecting portion 5b becomes relatively large.

  In order to reduce the amount of leakage magnetic flux as described above, an embodiment (sixth embodiment) in which a connecting portion 5b as shown in FIGS. Hereinafter, the magnetic flux guide ring 5 according to the sixth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 15 to 18. FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a configuration inside the magnet yoke according to the sixth embodiment. FIG. 16 is a development view of the magnetic flux guide unit according to the sixth embodiment. FIG. 17 is a view showing a modification of the configuration in the magnet yoke according to the sixth embodiment. FIG. 18 is a development view of the magnetic flux guide unit according to the modification shown in FIG.

  In the sixth embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, similarly to the above-described five embodiments, in the magnetic flux guide ring 5, a connecting portion that connects two opposing portions 5 a adjacent in the rotation direction of the armature 3. 5b is provided. In addition, the length in the axial direction of the shaft 11 of each opposing part 5a is substantially the same as the length of the permanent magnet piece 4a in the same direction.

  On the other hand, the connecting portion 5b according to the sixth embodiment (specifically, the first connecting portion 5c and the second connecting portion 5d) is not located at the same position as the permanent magnet piece 4a in the axial direction of the shaft 11, and is a permanent magnet piece. It is located outside 4a. More specifically, the connecting portion 5b according to the sixth embodiment is one end (the other in the axial direction of the shaft 11) of one opposing portion 5a of two opposing portions 5a adjacent in the rotation direction of the armature 3. It is formed so as to extend from the end) toward the outside in the axial direction, and then bend in a substantially U shape, and be drawn into one end (the other end) in the axial direction of the shaft 11 of the other facing portion 5a. ing. Of the opposing portions 5a, the adjacent region 5e adjacent to any of the two connecting portions 5b (that is, the first connecting portion 5c and the second connecting portion 5d) in the axial direction is the rotation of the armature 3. Located at the end in the direction.

  By forming the connecting portion 5b having the above shape, the magnetic flux guide ring 5 has a rectangular hole Ak as shown in FIG. In other words, two adjacent facing portions 5a (that is, the first facing portion and the second facing portion) and two connecting portions that connect the two facing portions 5a (that is, the first connecting portion 5c and the second facing portion). The hole Ak surrounded by 5d) is provided in the magnetic flux guide ring 5. And this magnetic flux guide ring 5 has both ends of the adjacent region 5e of each facing portion 5a in the axial direction of the shaft 11 located at the same position as both ends of the permanent magnet piece 4a, and both ends of the hole portion Ak in the axial direction. Is arranged (set) so as to be positioned outside both ends of the permanent magnet piece 4a.

  With the configuration described above, in the sixth embodiment, unlike the above-described five embodiments, the connecting portion 5b is located at a position away from both ends of the permanent magnet piece 4a in the axial direction of the shaft 11. . As a result, in the sixth embodiment, the length of the connecting portion 5b is longer than that in the case where the connecting portion 5b is provided so as to connect the opposing portions 5a with the shortest distance. That is, since the path through which the magnetic flux leaks from each facing portion 5a into the connecting portion 5b becomes longer, the difficulty of passing the magnetic flux in the connecting portion 5b (that is, the magnetic resistance) becomes higher. Thus, in the sixth embodiment, the magnetic resistance in the connecting portion 5b is higher than in other embodiments (when the connecting portion 5b is provided so as to connect the opposing portions 5a with the shortest path). Therefore, it is possible to suppress leakage of magnetic flux (leakage magnetic flux) to the connecting portion 5b.

  Furthermore, in the sixth embodiment, in a state where the magnetic flux guide ring 5 is set, both ends of the adjacent region 5e are located at the same positions as both ends of the permanent magnet piece 4a in the axial direction of the shaft 11, and holes are formed in the axial direction. The positional relationship is such that both ends of the portion Ak are located outside the both ends of the permanent magnet piece 4a. Thereby, each connection part 5b (namely, the 1st connection part 5c and the 2nd connection part 5d) goes to the outer side of the permanent magnet piece 4a in said axial direction, and comes to connect opposing part 5a. . For this reason, the path through which the magnetic flux leaks from the facing portion 5a to the connecting portion 5b becomes longer and the magnetic resistance is further increased, so that the leakage of magnetic flux from the facing portion 5a to the connecting portion 5b can be further suppressed. It becomes possible.

  Note that the magnetic flux guide ring 5 according to the sixth embodiment is an annular member having a wide portion at regular intervals in the circumferential direction (for example, at intervals of about 60 degrees when six permanent magnet pieces 4a are provided). It is prepared by punching out a portion corresponding to the hole Ak out of the wide portion. At this time, from the viewpoint of reducing the leakage magnetic flux, the annular portion can be maintained in a portion other than the punched portion (that is, the portion located around the hole Ak) in the wide portion. It is preferable to leave it to the extent.

  On the other hand, the magnetic flux guide ring 5 according to the sixth embodiment can be obtained by a method other than the method described above. For example, an annular member wider than each permanent magnet piece 4a is prepared. A method may be used in which a portion corresponding to the hole Ak is punched out and portions located on both sides of the portion where the connecting portion 5b is formed are cut out in a rectangular wave shape. The rectangular cutouts are formed at both ends in the width direction of the annular member, and the width of the region existing between the cutouts formed at both ends in the width direction is equal to the length of the permanent magnet piece 4a in the axial direction of the shaft 11. Provided to be equal. If it is the above method, as shown in FIG.17 and FIG.18, except the adjacent area | region 5e adjacent to the connection part 5b, it has the opposing part 5a whose length in the axial direction of the shaft 11 is longer than the permanent magnet piece 4a. The magnetic flux guide ring 5 can be acquired. In this method as well, from the viewpoint of reducing the leakage magnetic flux, the portions other than the punched portion (that is, the portion positioned around the hole Ak) are left to the extent that the annular state can be maintained. It is preferable. Further, with respect to the rectangular wave-shaped notch, the length in the circumferential direction (the length indicated by the symbol d in FIG. 18) is more than twice the air gap (the space between the stator and the rotor). It is desirable to be formed as follows.

(Seventh embodiment)
In the above-described embodiments (first to sixth embodiments), the inner surface of the facing portion 5a of the magnetic flux guide ring 5, that is, the facing surface with the armature core 12 is a flat surface. It is not limited to. In the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 19, a raised portion 5t is formed on the inner surface of the facing portion 5a. The raised portion 5t protrudes inward in the radial direction of the magnet yoke 2, and has a substantially rectangular outer shape when viewed from the radial direction. And the corresponding permanent magnet piece 4a is arrange | positioned in the back side (radial direction outer side) of the part in which the protruding part 5t was formed among the magnetic flux guide rings 5. FIG. FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating a configuration in the magnet yoke according to the seventh embodiment.

  As described above, when the raised portion 5t is formed on the inner surface of the facing portion 5a, the inner surface of the facing portion 5a approaches the armature core 12 correspondingly, so that the magnetic flux from each permanent magnet piece 4a is more efficiently used. It is possible to guide to the armature core 12 well. In order to more effectively demonstrate the effect obtained by forming the raised portion 5t, among the dimensions of the raised portion 5t, the length of the shaft 11 in the axial direction is the same as that of the armature core 12. It is preferable that the length is substantially the same.

  Regarding the configuration of the motor 1, configurations other than those in the first to seventh embodiments are further conceivable. More specifically, in the above embodiment, the field body 4 that is a permanent magnet is constituted by a plurality of permanent magnet pieces 4a. That is, in the above embodiment, the plurality of permanent magnet pieces 4a arranged so that the magnetic poles are alternately changed along the rotation direction of the armature 3 constitute the magnetic region of the field body 4. It is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, the field body 13 as a permanent magnet may be configured by an annular magnet ring. 20 and 21 are diagrams showing a configuration in which a magnet ring is used as a permanent magnet. FIG. 20 corresponds to FIG. 2 and FIG. 21 corresponds to FIG.

  The field body 13 shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 has a ring shape that is continuous in the circumferential direction, and magnetic regions 13a that exhibit N-pole magnetic poles and magnetic regions 13a that exhibit S-pole magnetic poles alternate along the circumferential direction. Is provided. Therefore, when the field body 13 is attached at a predetermined position, the plurality of magnetic regions 13 a forming the field body 13 are arranged so that the magnetic poles are alternately changed along the rotation direction of the armature 3. Even when the field body 13 having such a configuration is provided, the magnetic flux guide portion (specifically, the magnetic flux guide ring 5) of the present invention can be used. When the magnetic flux guide ring 5 is installed, the magnetic flux guide is so arranged that the hole Ak formed between the opposing portions 5a is disposed at the same position as the boundary position of the magnetic region 13a in the rotation direction of the armature 3. A ring 5 may be installed.

<< embodiments relating to other types of motors >>
In each of the motors 1 according to the above-described embodiments, the armature core 12 is a rotor, the field body 13 is a stator, and the armature core 12 is disposed inside the permanent magnet in the radial direction of the magnet yoke 2. It is of the form surrounded by On the other hand, as a motor type different from the above-described embodiment, a type in which the armature core is a stator, a field body is a rotor, and the armature core is disposed on the outer side in the radial direction of the permanent magnet (hereinafter, other types). Also called). The present invention can also be applied to other types of motors.
Hereinafter, other embodiments of the motor (eighth to fifteenth embodiments) will be described. In addition, about the whole structure of the motor 101, it is common in 8th Embodiment-15th Embodiment, The description is abbreviate | omitted after 9th Embodiment.

(Eighth embodiment)
First, the configuration of the motor 101 according to the eighth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 22 to 26A. FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram of a motor according to the eighth embodiment. FIG. 23 is a plan view showing the configuration inside the magnet yoke. FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a rotor according to the eighth embodiment. FIG. 25 is a diagram showing a cross section taken along the line AA of FIG. FIG. 26A is a development view of the magnetic flux guide unit according to the eighth embodiment. Each figure is shown in a slightly simplified form for easy understanding. For example, the coils wound around the core teeth in FIGS. 22 and 23 are not shown. doing.

  When the overall configuration of the motor 101 according to the present embodiment is outlined, the motor 101 is a brushless DC motor and is used as a small motor for an automobile. The configuration of the motor 101 is the same as that of a known brushless motor except that a magnetic flux guide ring 105 described later is provided.

  That is, the motor 101 includes a substantially cylindrical housing case 102 as in a general brushless DC motor, and the housing case 102 includes a rotor 103 and an armature core as shown in FIGS. The stator core 104 is accommodated. Furthermore, a plurality of permanent magnet pieces 113 are attached to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 103, more specifically, to the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 112 described below in a state of being arranged in a ring shape. When arranging a plurality of permanent magnet pieces 113 along the outer periphery of the rotor 103, the arrangement (arrangement) of the permanent magnet pieces 113 can be arbitrarily set. For example, the plurality of permanent magnet pieces 113 can be arranged in an elliptical shape or a rectangular shape. The permanent magnet pieces 113 may be arranged side by side.

  The rotor 103 is disposed in the central portion of the housing case 102 in the radial direction, and includes a shaft 111 and a cylindrical portion 112 provided in the central portion of the shaft 111 as shown in FIGS. The shaft 111 corresponds to the rotation axis of the motor 101, and the rotation direction thereof corresponds to the rotation direction of the motor 101, more specifically, the rotor 103. The cylindrical portion 112 is supported by the shaft 11 and rotates integrally with the shaft 11.

  Further, as described above, a plurality of permanent magnet pieces 113 are arranged in an annular shape along the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 112. Each of the plurality of permanent magnet pieces 113 corresponds to a magnetic region of the present invention, that is, a portion that supplies magnetic flux necessary for rotation of the rotor 103 toward the stator core 104 in the housing case 102. And the permanent magnet of this invention is comprised by arranging the N-pole permanent magnet piece 113 and the S-pole permanent magnet piece 113 so that a magnetic pole may change alternately along the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical part 112. FIG. . In other words, the permanent magnet according to the present embodiment has a plurality of permanent magnets arranged so that the N pole and the S pole are alternately switched along the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 103 (specifically, the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 112). The magnet piece 113 is provided.

  In the present embodiment, the plurality of permanent magnet pieces 113 are arranged substantially evenly along the rotation direction of the motor 101 while providing a slight space (space) between the permanent magnet pieces 113. That is, in the motor 101 of this embodiment, a gap (space) is formed at the boundary between the permanent magnet pieces 113.

  The stator core 104 is disposed inside the housing case 102 and surrounds the rotor 103 so as to be located outside a plurality of permanent magnet pieces 113 (that is, permanent magnets) arranged in a ring shape in the radial direction of the rotor 103. As shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, the stator core 104 includes a plurality of teeth T arranged in a circular shape and an outer peripheral ring portion 104a that supports the teeth T. Each of the plurality of teeth T includes: It is formed in a substantially T-shaped horizontal cross section and protrudes toward the radial center of the rotor 103. In addition, the end portion (free end portion) of each tooth T has an end surface formed in a substantially arcuate curved surface, and is disposed on a substantially circumference surrounding the rotor 103. A coil (not shown) is wound around each tooth T, and the rotational driving force of the rotor 103 can be obtained by switching the energization direction of the coil.

  The number of teeth T is not limited to the case shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, and can be arbitrarily set.

  Further, the length of each permanent magnet piece 113 in the axial direction of the shaft 111 corresponding to the rotation axis direction corresponds to the length of the permanent magnet in the same direction, and in this embodiment, is longer than the length of the stator core 104 in the same direction. It is getting longer. That is, as shown in FIG. 25, the permanent magnet piece 113 is opposed to the stator core 104 (specifically each tooth T) except for both ends in the axial direction of the shaft 111, and both ends of the permanent magnet piece 113 are It is located outside the stator core 104. That is, both end portions of the permanent magnet piece 113 are located at positions protruding from the end of the stator core 104 in the axial direction of the shaft 111. This is configured by stacking a plurality of core sheets (not shown) in the stator core 104 according to this embodiment, and the magnetic flux is efficiently used with a limited stack thickness (length in the axial direction of the shaft 11). In order to obtain well, the length of the permanent magnet piece 113 (length in the axial direction of the shaft 11) is made longer than the laminated thickness.

  In the present embodiment, the length (indicated by symbol L1 in FIG. 25) of the portion of the both ends of the permanent magnet piece 113 in the axial direction of the shaft 111 that protrudes outward from the stator core 104 on one end side, and the other end side Thus, the length of the portion protruding outside the stator core 104 (indicated by symbol L2 in FIG. 25) is substantially the same.

  For the purpose of efficiently obtaining the magnetic flux, the length of each permanent magnet piece 113 in the axial direction of the shaft 111 is longer than the length of the stator core 104. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The length of each permanent magnet piece 113 in the axial direction of 111 may be equal to the length of the stator core 104 or may be shorter than the length of the stator core 104.

  In this embodiment, an annular magnetic flux guide ring 105 is provided in the housing case 102 in addition to a known motor configuration. The magnetic flux guide ring 105 corresponds to a magnetic flux guide portion, and is arranged between the permanent magnet piece 113 and the stator core 104 in the radial direction of the rotor 103 in order to easily guide the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet piece 113 into the stator core 104. In this state, it is attached to the rotor 103.

  The magnetic flux guide ring 105 has the same function as the magnetic flux guide ring 5 according to the first to seventh embodiments described above, and is specifically disposed between each permanent magnet piece 113 and the stator core 104. Thus, the magnetic flux from each permanent magnet piece 113 is efficiently introduced into the stator core 104. Further, the magnetic flux guide ring 105 can improve the effect of reducing the magnetic flux coming off from the stator core 104 while adjusting the flow of the magnetic flux from each permanent magnet piece 113 toward the stator core 104 to make the magnetic flux density uniform. . Furthermore, since the magnetic flux guide ring 105 covers the outer peripheral surface of each permanent magnet piece 113, it also functions as a covering material for protecting each permanent magnet piece 113. The magnetic flux guide ring 105 is made of a soft magnetic material, and is formed by compression-molding powder of a soft magnetic material or processing and molding a steel plate.

  In this embodiment, the magnetic flux guide ring 105 is fixed to the inner surface of each permanent magnet piece 113, thereby protecting each permanent magnet piece 113, equalizing the magnetic flux from each permanent magnet piece 113, and reducing resistance. It becomes possible to improve the magnetism. The magnetic flux guide ring 105 may be fixed by applying an adhesive to the surface of the permanent magnet piece 113 or fastening it with a fastening member (not shown) such as a bolt and nut.

  Further, as described above, the end of each permanent magnet piece 113 in the axial direction of the shaft 111 is located outside the end of the stator core 104, but the magnetic flux guide ring 105 includes the permanent magnet piece 113, the stator core 104, and the like. By interposing between them, even a magnetic flux is guided from both end portions of the permanent magnet piece 113 to the stator core 104.

  Furthermore, also in this embodiment, since only one magnetic flux guide ring 105 which is an endless ring-shaped magnetic flux guide portion is provided as in the first to seventh embodiments, each permanent magnet piece 113 has a fragment shape. Compared with the case of providing a magnetic flux guide portion (for example, a soft magnetic material), the number of parts is reduced, and the handleability is improved and the assembly work into the motor is facilitated.

About the other point, the magnetic flux guide ring 105 which concerns on this embodiment is the structure substantially the same as the magnetic flux guide ring 5 which concerns on 1st Embodiment. For example, the facing portion 105a facing the permanent magnet piece 113 and the connecting portion 105b connecting the two facing portions 105a adjacent to each other are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the magnetic flux guide ring 105, that is, the rotational direction of the motor 101. Is arranged.
The length of the magnetic flux guide ring 105 in the axial direction of the shaft 111 is equal to the length of the permanent magnet piece 113 in the same direction. Thereby, not only the magnetic flux emitted from the central part in the axial direction of the shaft 111 but also the magnetic flux emitted from the end located outside the stator core 104 in the permanent magnet piece 113, the stator core 104, specifically the teeth T. It is going to go to.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 24 to 26A, the connecting portion 105b includes two connecting portions, that is, the first connecting portion 105c in each of the spaces formed between the facing portions 105a in the rotation direction of the motor 101. And a second connecting portion 105d. In other words, when the two opposing portions 105a adjacent to each other in the rotation direction of the motor 101 are defined as the first opposing portion and the second opposing portion, the first connecting portion 105c includes the first opposing portion and the second opposing portion, One end portions in the axial direction of the shaft 111 are connected to each other, and the second connecting portion 105d connects the other end portions in the axial direction. As a result, it is possible to avoid twisting that may occur when the axially central portions of two opposing portions adjacent to each other are connected.

  Further, the width of the first connecting portion 105c (the length in the axial direction of the shaft 111, and the same applies hereinafter) and the width of the second connecting portion 105d are substantially equal to each other, and are the minimum for connecting the facing portions 105a. The width is sufficient to ensure the necessary strength. That is, the magnetic flux guide ring 105 of the present embodiment is configured by only one annular member made of a soft magnetic material, and a connecting portion 105b is formed in a region corresponding to the portion between the opposing portions 105a in the annular portion. It will be punched out with only minutes left. As a result, the width of the connecting portion 105b becomes the minimum size necessary for connecting the opposing portions 105a.

  More specifically, the width of each of the first connecting portion 105c and the second connecting portion 105d (indicated by symbols d1 and d2 in FIG. 26A) depends on the length of the permanent magnet piece 113 in the axial direction of the shaft 111 and the stator core 104. Is less than half of the difference (indicated by symbols X and Y in FIG. 25). And it becomes possible to reduce the leakage magnetic flux which goes to the connection part 105b from the opposing part 105a by shortening the width | variety of the connection part 105b as much as possible as mentioned above. The reason for this is as described in the first embodiment.

In the magnetic flux guide ring 105 of this embodiment, a hole Ak is formed between the first connecting part 105c and the second connecting part 105d, and the length of the hole Ak in the axial direction of the shaft 111 (see FIG. 26A, indicated by the symbol a) satisfies the following formula (5) in relation to the widths d1 and d2 of the connecting portions 105c and 105d. In the following formula (5), the symbol G indicates the length of the magnetic flux guide ring 105 in the axial direction of the shaft 111 as shown in FIG.
G = X = a + d1 + d2 (5)
The length a of the hole Ak is preferably equal to or longer than the length Y of the stator core 104.

  The magnetic flux guide ring 105 is attached to the rotor 103 so as to be positioned between the permanent magnet piece 113 and the stator core 104 in the radial direction of the rotor 103. In the magnetic flux guide ring 105 after mounting, the facing portion 105 a overlaps the permanent magnet piece 113 in the rotation direction of the motor 101, and the gap Ak is formed between the permanent magnet pieces 113, that is, the boundary between the permanent magnet pieces 113. It overlaps with. In such a state, the magnetic flux from each permanent magnet piece 113 is appropriately directed toward the stator core 104. In addition, since the number of parts is small compared to the configuration in which the magnetic flux guide portions provided for each permanent magnet piece 113 are separated from each other, handling is improved and it is easy to incorporate in the motor, and the manufacturing cost is further increased. It is also possible to suppress this.

In addition, when the magnetic flux guide ring 105 is attached in the present embodiment, the magnetic flux guide ring 105 is set so that the hole Ak overlaps the gap between the permanent magnet pieces 113 in the rotation direction of the motor 101. With such a positional relationship, it is possible to effectively suppress leakage of magnetic flux to a portion other than the facing portion 105a in the magnetic flux guide ring 105, that is, the connecting portion 105b.
Furthermore, in this embodiment, the magnetic flux guide ring 105 is composed of only one annular member made of a soft magnetic material, and each of the facing portions 105a and the connecting portions 105b are formed from the same member, so that the handling property is improved. Improved and easier to install.

  In the present embodiment, the hole Ak is formed by punching between the first connecting part 105c and the second connecting part 105d, but the region corresponding to the hole Ak is made nonmagnetic. It is good also as remaining in the magnetic flux guide ring 105 as a region. That is, as shown in FIG. 26B, the magnetic flux guide ring 105 further includes an intermediate portion 105 e positioned between the first connection portion 105 c and the second connection portion 105 d in the axial direction of the shaft 111, and the magnetic flux guide ring 105. Each part (namely, the opposing part 105a, the 1st connection part 105c, the 2nd connection part 105d, and the intermediate part 105e) consists of a soft magnetic body, and only the soft magnetic body which comprises the intermediate part 105e is demagnetized, such as heat processing It is good also as having been processed. FIG. 26B is a diagram illustrating a modification of the magnetic flux guide unit according to the eighth embodiment, and corresponds to FIG. 26A.

  If the magnetic flux guide ring 105 as described above is attached to the rotor 103 so that the intermediate portion 105e overlaps the gap between the permanent magnet pieces 113, that is, the boundary between the permanent magnet pieces 113, in the rotation direction of the motor 101. In the magnetic flux guide ring 105, an effect of effectively suppressing leakage of the magnetic flux to a portion other than the facing portion 105a is obtained. Further, when the magnetic flux guide ring 105 is formed by using an annular member made of a soft magnetic material as a base material, it is not necessary to cut out or punch out a predetermined portion of the annular member, and the magnetic flux guide ring 105 can be obtained more easily. Is possible. Further, the strength can be maintained by not cutting out or punching out a predetermined portion of the annular member as the base material.

(Ninth embodiment)
In the ninth embodiment, a hole Ak having the shape shown in FIGS. 27 and 28 is formed in the magnetic flux guide ring 105. In addition to the effects described in the eighth embodiment, the holes illustrated in FIGS. An effect peculiar to Ak can be obtained. Hereinafter, the hole Ak according to the ninth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 27 and 28. FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a rotor according to the ninth embodiment. FIG. 28 is a development view of the magnetic flux guide unit according to the ninth embodiment.

  As shown in FIGS. 27 and 28, the hole Ak according to the ninth embodiment has a hexagonal shape, and an end thereof (an end in the rotation direction of the motor 101) reaches the facing portion 105a. As shown in FIG. 28, the hexagonal hole Ak is arranged so that a diagonal line connecting the apex angle located at one end of the rotation direction and the apex angle located at the other end is orthogonal to the axial direction of the shaft 111. Yes.

  That is, the hole Ak according to the ninth embodiment is such that the length of the hole Ak in the axial direction of the shaft 111 increases from the end of the hole Ak in the rotation direction of the motor 101 toward the center of the hole Ak. Is formed. In other words, in the magnetic flux guide ring 105 according to the ninth embodiment, the opening degree of the hole Ak is gradually changed from the end in the rotation direction of the motor 101 toward the center.

  When the opening degree of the hole Ak gradually changes from the end in the rotation direction of the motor 101 toward the center, the magnitude of the magnetic flux passing through the magnetic flux guide ring 105 gradually changes along the rotation direction of the motor 101. Thus, a so-called skew function is obtained, and it is possible to suppress magnetic fluctuations accompanying the motor rotation, and vibration (cogging) and noise caused by the fluctuations.

  Note that the end of the hole Ak in the rotation direction of the motor 101 only needs to reach at least one of the two opposing portions 105a adjacent to each other, but in order to achieve the above effect more effectively, It is more preferable that the opposite part 105a is reached. In order to obtain the above effect, the hole Ak is formed such that the length of the shaft 111 in the axial direction increases from the end of the hole Ak in the rotation direction of the motor 101 toward the center of the hole Ak. It only has to be. As long as this requirement is satisfied, the shape of the hole Ak is not limited to the above-described shape (hexagonal shape) and can be arbitrarily set.

(10th Embodiment)
In the tenth embodiment, the above-described skew effect can be obtained by forming the holes Ak1, Ak2, and Ak3 as shown in FIGS. Hereinafter, the holes Ak1, Ak2, and Ak3 according to the tenth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 29 and 30. FIG. FIG. 29 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a rotor according to the tenth embodiment. FIG. 30 is a development view of the magnetic flux guide unit according to the tenth embodiment.

  In the magnetic flux guide ring 105 according to the tenth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 30, a rectangular shape similar to that of the hole Ak according to the eighth embodiment is provided between the first connecting portion 105c and the second connecting portion 105d. A hole Ak1 is formed. On the other hand, a second hole Ak2 is formed at a position adjacent to the hole Ak in the rotation direction of the motor 101. The second hole Ak2 has a rectangular shape and is formed at the end of the facing portion 105a. The length of the second hole portion Ak2 in the rotational direction is shorter than the length of the hole portion Ak1.

  In addition, a third hole Ak3 is formed at a position adjacent to the second hole Ak2 on the side opposite to the side where the hole Ak1 is located in the rotation direction of the motor 101. The third hole Ak3 is also rectangular and is formed slightly closer to the center than the end of the facing portion 105a. The length of the third hole portion Ak3 in the rotational direction is shorter than the length of the second hole portion Ak2.

  As described above, in the tenth embodiment, three holes Ak1, Ak2, and Ak3 having different sizes are provided, and these three holes Ak1, Ak2, and Ak3 are regularly arranged along the rotation direction of the motor 101. It is out. Thereby, also in 10th Embodiment, the area of the part which the hole opened among the magnetic flux guide rings 105 changes gradually along the rotation direction of the motor 101, and passes along the magnetic flux guide ring 105 in connection with this. The magnitude of the magnetic flux gradually changes along the rotation direction. As a result, a skew effect is obtained, and it is possible to suppress the magnetic fluctuation accompanying the motor rotation, and the occurrence of vibration (cogging) and noise caused by this.

(Eleventh embodiment)
In the eleventh embodiment, in addition to the hole Ak provided between the first connecting portion 5c and the second connecting portion 5d, as shown in FIGS. 31 and 32 for the purpose of weight reduction. A slit S1 that is long in a predetermined direction is formed in the facing portion 5a. Hereinafter, the magnetic flux guide ring 105 according to the eleventh embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 31 and 32. FIG. 31 is a diagram showing a configuration of a rotor according to the eleventh embodiment. FIG. 32 is a development view of the magnetic flux guide unit according to the eleventh embodiment.

  In the eleventh embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 31 and 32, a rectangular slit S1 is formed in each facing portion 105a. That is, the magnetic flux guide ring 105 according to the eleventh embodiment has a slit S1 formed in the facing portion 105a. The rectangular slit S <b> 1 is elongated along the axial direction of the shaft 111. Since the slit S1 is formed in the facing portion 105a, the motor is rotated efficiently. The reason for this is as already described in the fourth embodiment. Specifically, since the slit S1 is formed in the facing portion 105a, the path through which the eddy current flows is interrupted, so The size is reduced, which makes it possible to reduce eddy current loss.

  As shown in FIGS. 31 and 32, the effect of reducing the eddy current increases as the number of slits S1 formed in the facing portion 105a increases. Further, the slit 111 is not limited to the slit S1 that is long along the axial direction of the shaft 111, and may have other shapes as long as the eddy current path can be cut off. For example, it is long along the rotation direction of the motor 101. It may be a slit. That is, the slit S <b> 1 formed in the facing portion 105 a may be a slit that is long in any one of the axial direction of the shaft 111 and the rotation direction of the motor 101.

(Twelfth embodiment)
In the twelfth embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 33 and 34, slits S <b> 2 are formed in the facing portion 105 a at regular intervals along the rotation direction of the motor 101. Hereinafter, the magnetic flux guide ring 105 according to the twelfth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 33 to 35. FIG. 33 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a rotor according to the twelfth embodiment. FIG. 34 is a development view of the magnetic flux guide unit according to the twelfth embodiment. FIG. 35 is a diagram illustrating an effect when the magnetic flux guide unit according to the twelfth embodiment is used.

  In the twelfth embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 33 and 34, a plurality of long rectangular slits S <b> 2 are formed in each facing portion 105 a along the axial direction of the shaft 111. The plurality of slits S <b> 2 are arranged at regular intervals along the rotation direction of the motor 101. That is, the magnetic flux guide ring 105 according to the twelfth embodiment has regular irregularities on the surface of the facing portion 105a on the stator core 104 side. And among the unevenness | corrugations formed in the surface of the opposing part 105a, about a convex part, it comes to make the salient pole 106 in pseudo (refer FIG. 35).

As described above, in the twelfth embodiment, the pseudo salient poles 106 are formed in the facing portion 105 a of the magnetic flux guide ring 105, and a plurality of the pseudo salient poles 106 are arranged along the rotation direction of the motor 101. This pseudo salient pole 106 has the same effect as the pseudo salient pole 106 described in the fifth embodiment. That is, as shown in FIG. 35, since the density of the magnetic flux passing through the facing portion 105a is made uniform in each portion of the facing portion 105a, the magnetic balance in the motor is improved, and therefore the magnetic fluctuation accompanying the motor rotation. Thus, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of vibration and noise due to this.
In addition, as the magnetic flux guide ring 5 is overlapped in the radial direction of the rotor 103, in other words, as the height of the pseudo salient pole 106 increases, the strength of the pseudo salient pole 106 increases and the amount of magnetic flux is secured. .

(13th Embodiment)
In the thirteenth embodiment, in order to reduce the amount of leakage magnetic flux that leaks from the facing portion 105a of the magnetic flux guide ring 105 into the connecting portion 105b, the connecting portion 105b having the configuration shown in FIGS. 36 to 39 is provided. Hereinafter, the magnetic flux guide ring 105 according to the thirteenth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 36 to 39. FIG. 36 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the rotor according to the thirteenth embodiment. FIG. 37 is a development view of the magnetic flux guide unit according to the thirteenth embodiment. FIG. 38 is a view showing a modification of the configuration of the rotor according to the thirteenth embodiment. FIG. 39 is a developed view of the magnetic flux guide unit according to the modification shown in FIG. In FIG. 39, for the sake of illustration, the relative length of the facing portion 105a with respect to the connecting portion 105b (the length in the rotational direction of the motor 101) is shown shorter than the actual relative length.

In the thirteenth embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 36 and 37, the magnetic flux guide ring 105 is provided with a facing portion 105a and a connecting portion 105b, and the length of each facing portion 5a in the axial direction of the shaft 111 is as follows. The length of the permanent magnet piece 113 in the same direction is substantially the same.
On the other hand, the connecting portion 105 b according to the thirteenth embodiment is not located at the same position as the permanent magnet piece 113 in the axial direction of the shaft 111 but is located outside the permanent magnet piece 113. Specifically, the connecting portion 105b extends from one end (the other end) in the axial direction of the shaft 111 of one adjacent portion 105a toward the outside in the axial direction, out of two adjacent facing portions 5a. Then, it is bent so as to be substantially U-shaped and is drawn into one end (the other end) of the other facing portion 105a in the axial direction of the shaft 111. Of the opposing portions 105a, the adjacent region 105f adjacent to the first connecting portion 105c on one end side in the axial direction and adjacent to the second connecting portion 105d on the other end side in the axial direction is in the rotation direction of the motor 101. Located at the end.

  By forming the connecting portion 105b having the above shape, the magnetic flux guide ring 105 has a rectangular hole Ak as shown in FIG. The hole Ak is surrounded by two adjacent facing portions 105a and two connecting portions 105b that connect the two facing portions 105a. When the magnetic flux guide ring 105 is disposed at a predetermined position, both ends of the adjacent region 105f of each facing portion 105a are located at the same position as both ends of the permanent magnet piece 113 in the axial direction of the shaft 111, and the axial direction In FIG. 2, both ends of the hole Ak are positioned outside the both ends of the permanent magnet piece 113. As described above, the connecting portion 105b is positioned outside the both ends of the permanent magnet piece 113 in the axial direction of the shaft 111, whereby the length of the connecting portion 105b becomes longer. As a result, as already described in the sixth embodiment, the difficulty of passage of magnetic flux (magnetic resistance) in the connecting portion 105b is increased, so that the leakage magnetic flux leaking into the connecting portion 105b can be reduced.

  Furthermore, in the thirteenth embodiment, in a state where the magnetic flux guide ring 105 is set, both ends of the adjacent region 105f are located at the same position as both ends of the permanent magnet piece 113 in the axial direction of the shaft 111, and the hole is formed in the axial direction. The positional relationship is such that both ends of the portion Ak are positioned outside both ends of the permanent magnet piece 113. Thereby, each connection part 105b turns around to the outer side of the permanent magnet piece 113 in the axial direction of the shaft 111, and comes to connect opposing part 105a. For this reason, the path through which the magnetic flux leaks from the facing portion 105a to the connecting portion 105b becomes longer and the magnetic resistance is further increased, so that the leakage magnetic flux leaking from the facing portion 105a to the connecting portion 105b can be further reduced. It becomes possible.

  In addition, the magnetic flux guide ring 105 according to the thirteenth embodiment prepares an annular member having a wide portion at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, and punches out a portion corresponding to the hole Ak among the wide portion. Formed by. At this time, in order to further reduce the leakage magnetic flux, it is preferable to leave the portion other than the punched portion in the wide portion, that is, the peripheral portion of the hole Ak to the extent that the annular shape is maintained. is there.

  On the other hand, the magnetic flux guide ring 105 according to the thirteenth embodiment can be obtained by a method other than the method described above. For example, an annular member wider than each permanent magnet piece 113 is prepared. A method may be used in which a portion corresponding to the portion Ak is punched out and portions located on both sides of the portion where the connecting portion 105b is formed are cut out in a rectangular wave shape. The rectangular cutouts are formed at both ends of the annular member in the width direction, and the cutouts are provided so that the width of the region existing between the cutouts is equal to the length of the permanent magnet piece 113 in the axial direction of the shaft 111. It is done. If it is the above method, as shown in FIG.38 and FIG.39, it has the opposing part 105a whose length in the axial direction of the shaft 111 is longer than the permanent magnet piece 113 except the adjacent area | region 105f adjacent to the connection part 105b. The magnetic flux guide ring 105 can be acquired. In this method as well, from the viewpoint of further reducing the leakage magnetic flux, it is preferable to leave the portion other than the punched portion to the extent that the annular shape is maintained. Further, the length in the circumferential direction (the length indicated by the symbol d in FIG. 39) of the rectangular wave-shaped notch described above is more than twice the air gap (the space between the stator and the rotor). It is desirable to be formed as follows.

(14th Embodiment)
In the fourteenth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 40, a raised portion 105 t is formed on the outer surface of the facing portion 105 a of the magnetic flux guide ring 105, that is, the facing surface of the stator core 104. The raised portion 105t protrudes outward in the radial direction of the housing case 102, and has a substantially rectangular outer shape when viewed from the radial direction. And the corresponding permanent magnet piece 113 is arrange | positioned in the back side (radial direction outer side) of the part in which the protruding part 105t was formed among the opposing parts of the magnetic flux guide ring 105. FIG. FIG. 40 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the rotor according to the fourteenth embodiment.

  As described above, when the raised portion 105t is formed on the inner surface of the facing portion 105a, the inner surface of the facing portion 5a approaches the stator core 104 accordingly, so that the magnetic flux from each permanent magnet piece 113 can be more efficiently used in the stator core. 104 can be led. In order to more effectively demonstrate the effect obtained by forming the raised portion 105t, among the dimensions of the raised portion 105t, the length of the shaft 111 in the axial direction is the same as the length of the stator core 104 in the same direction. It is preferable that they are substantially the same.

(Fifteenth embodiment)
In the embodiment described above, the connecting portion 105b provided on the magnetic flux guide ring 105 is located between the facing portions 105a in the rotation direction of the motor 101, and extends along the rotating direction to face the facing portion 105a. Although they are connected to each other, the present invention is not limited to this. In the fifteenth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 41, there is no connecting portion 105b extending in the rotational direction of the motor 101, and both ends of the facing portion 105a in the axial direction of the shaft 111 are directed radially inward of the housing case 102. A connecting portion 105s extending in this manner is provided. The connecting portion 105 s is connected to the end surface of the cylindrical portion 112 in the axial direction of the shaft 111. In other words, as shown in FIG. 41, the connecting portion 105s according to the fifteenth embodiment connects the end surface of the cylindrical portion 112 and the facing portion 105a, and the facing portion 105a via the end surface of the cylindrical portion 112. They are linked together.

  More specifically, the connecting portion 105 s according to the fifteenth embodiment is located at the end of the facing portion 105 a in the axial direction of the shaft 111 and is located at the approximate center of the facing portion 105 a in the rotation direction of the motor 101. The connecting portion 105s protrudes in a claw shape in a direction substantially perpendicular to the outer surface of the facing portion 105a, and is connected to the end surface of the cylindrical portion 112 at the tip. Thereby, each opposing part 105a comes to be connected to each other through the end face of the cylindrical part 112. Furthermore, in the fifteenth embodiment, the connecting portion 105s is arranged at a position sandwiching the permanent magnet piece 113 in the axial direction of the shaft 111. As described above, in the fifteenth embodiment, the connecting portion 105s functions as a holding member that holds and holds the permanent magnet piece 113 by being disposed at a position sandwiching the permanent magnet piece 113.

  Other embodiments of the motor 101 may have other configurations other than the eighth to fifteenth embodiments described above. Specifically, in the above embodiment, the permanent magnet is constituted by the plurality of permanent magnet pieces 113. In other words, in the above embodiment, each of the plurality of permanent magnet pieces 113 arranged so that the magnetic poles are alternately changed along the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 103 constitutes a magnetic region to constitute a permanent magnet. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the permanent magnet is formed of an annular magnet ring, and magnetic regions exhibiting an N-pole magnetic pole and magnetic regions exhibiting an S-pole magnetic pole are alternately provided along the circumferential direction (continuous direction) of the magnet ring. It may be a configuration. If the magnetic flux guide ring 5 is installed so that the hole Ak or the intermediate portion 105e formed in the magnetic flux guide ring 105 overlaps the boundary of the magnetic region in the magnet ring in the rotation direction of the motor 101, The effect will be played.

  By the way, when the ring-shaped magnetic flux guide ring 105 is used in another type of motor 101 (for example, the above-described eighth embodiment to the fourteenth embodiment), the end portion of the magnetic flux guide ring 105 is caulked. It is fixed to the end face of the cylindrical portion 112. Hereinafter, a method of fixing the magnetic flux guide ring 105 in another type of motor 101 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIGS. 42 to 45 are views showing a first example of the fixing manner of the magnetic flux guide portion, and FIG. 42 is a cross-sectional view when the rotor to which the magnetic flux guide portion is fixed is cut along a plane passing through the rotation axis of the motor. 43 is a plan view showing the end face of the cylindrical portion in the direction of the rotation axis of the motor, FIG. 44 is an enlarged view of the range M in FIG. 42, and FIG. 45 is an enlarged view of the range N in FIG. FIG. FIG. 46 is a diagram illustrating a second example of the fixing manner of the magnetic flux guide portion. 47 to 49 are views showing a third example of the fixing manner of the magnetic flux guide portion, FIG. 47 is a perspective view showing the rotor to which the magnetic flux guide portion is fixed, and FIG. 48 is a perspective view showing that the magnetic flux guide portion is fixed. FIG. 49 is a cross-sectional view when the rotor formed is cut along a plane passing through the rotation axis of the motor, and FIG. 49 is a plan view showing an end surface of the cylindrical portion in the rotation axis direction of the motor.

  First, a first example of the fixing manner of the magnetic flux guide ring 105 will be described. As shown in FIG. 42, one end portion in the central axis direction of the magnetic flux guide ring 105 is caulked to one end side of the cylindrical portion 112 in the axial direction of the shaft 111. The other end of the magnetic flux guide ring 105 is abutted against the other end of the cylindrical portion 112. In this way, the magnetic flux guide ring 105 is fixed with respect to the rotor 103.

  More specifically, the rotor 103 includes a substantially circular ring fixing sheet 103 b at one end of the cylindrical portion 112 in the axial direction of the shaft 111. The ring fixing sheet 103b is formed to have a larger diameter than the cylindrical portion 112. When the magnetic flux guide ring 105 is disposed on the radially outer side of the cylindrical portion 112, the end of the magnetic flux guide ring 105 on the same side as the ring fixing sheet 103 b is connected to the ring fixing sheet in the axial direction of the shaft 111. It protrudes slightly outward from 103b. Thereafter, when the portion of the magnetic flux guide ring 105 that protrudes outward from the ring fixing sheet 103b is crimped, as shown in FIG. 45, the portion is bent by about 90 degrees and is engaged with the outer edge of the ring fixing sheet 103b. Come together.

  On the other hand, when one end of the magnetic flux guide ring 105 is crimped as described above, the other end of the magnetic flux guide ring 105, that is, the end opposite to the ring fixing sheet 103b is cylindrical in the axial direction of the shaft 111. It protrudes somewhat outward from the end of the portion 112. Here, when the portion of the magnetic flux guide ring 105 that protrudes outward from the end of the cylindrical portion 112 is bent about 90 degrees, as shown in FIG. 44, the tip portion of the bent portion becomes the end surface of the cylindrical portion 112. Come into contact.

  As described above, the magnetic flux guide ring 105 is fixed to the cylindrical portion 112 of the rotor 103. When the material of the ring fixing sheet 103b described above is a magnetic material, from the viewpoint of suppressing a magnetic flux short circuit, as shown in FIG. 43, rectangular wave-like shapes are equally spaced along the outer circumferential direction of the ring fixing sheet 103b. A cut 103c may be provided. On the contrary, when the material for the ring fixing sheet 103b is a non-magnetic material, it may be a new circular shape in which the above-described notch 103c is not formed.

  Next, a second example of the fixing manner of the magnetic flux guide ring 105 will be described. In this example, as shown in FIG. 46, the magnetic flux guide ring 105 is attached to the rotor 103 by caulking each end portion in the central axial direction of the magnetic flux guide ring 105 at both ends of the cylindrical portion 112 in the axial direction of the shaft 111. And fix. More specifically, in the second example, the rotor 103 includes the ring fixing sheet 103b described above at one end and the other end of the cylindrical portion 112 in the axial direction of the shaft 111. Then, by crimping both ends in the central axis direction of the magnetic flux guide ring 105 in the same procedure as in the first example, both end portions of the magnetic flux guide ring 105 are bent by about 90 degrees, respectively, and the outer edge of the corresponding ring fixing sheet 103b It comes to engage with the part.

  Next, a third example of the fixing manner of the magnetic flux guide ring 105 will be described. The motor 101 according to this example is a so-called continuous pole type motor. That is, in this example, as shown in FIGS. 47 and 48, one of the permanent magnet pieces 113 of the N pole and the S pole arranged alternately and arranged along the motor rotation direction in a normal motor. Only the magnetic pole on the omitted side is replaced by a salient pole iron core positioned between the permanent magnet pieces 113 in the motor rotation direction to form a pseudo pole 114.

  That is, the pseudo pole 114 is formed in the cylindrical portion 112 of the rotor 103 according to this example at equal intervals in the motor rotation direction, and the pseudo pole 114 is formed in a portion of the cylindrical portion 112 where the pseudo pole 114 is formed. It protrudes radially outward from the portion where it is not formed. In this example, the magnetic flux guide ring 105 is moved relative to the rotor 103 by engaging both ends of the magnetic flux guide ring 105 in the central axis direction with the portion that protrudes radially outward to form the pseudo pole 114. Fix it.

  Specifically, in the third example, when the magnetic flux guide ring 105 is arranged on the outer side in the radial direction of the rotor 103, both ends in the central axis direction of the magnetic flux guide ring 105 are opposite to both ends of the cylindrical portion 112 in the axial direction of the shaft 111. It protrudes slightly outside. When the portion of the magnetic flux guide ring 105 that protrudes outward from the end of the cylindrical portion 112 is crimped, the portion is bent by about 90 degrees as shown in FIG. It comes to engage with the radial end of the portion where 114 is formed.

<< About other embodiments >>
In the above embodiments (first to fifteenth embodiments), the motor of the present invention has been mainly described. However, the above embodiment is for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention. The present invention can be changed and improved without departing from the gist thereof, and the present invention includes the equivalents thereof.

  In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the magnetic flux guide unit is configured by only one member has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. That is, in the magnetic flux guide portion, the facing portions 5a and 105a and the connecting portions 5b, 105b, and 105s may be composed of separate members. However, if the magnetic flux guide part is composed of only one member, the handleability is further improved and the attachment becomes easier. In this respect, the above embodiment is more desirable.

  In the above-described embodiment, a small motor for an automobile has been described as an example. However, the direct current motor of the present invention is not limited to a small motor for an automobile, but a small motor for a ship or an aircraft, or a small motor used for other than a vehicle (for example, a door or window of a building is automatically used). It can also be used as a motor for automatically opening and closing.

1 motor, 2 magnet yoke, 3 armature,
4 field body, 4a permanent magnet piece, 5 magnetic flux guide ring,
5a facing part, 5b connecting part, 5c first connecting part, 5d second connecting part,
5e adjacent region, 5t protuberance, 6 pseudo salient pole,
11 shaft, 12 armature core, 13 field body, 13a magnetic region,
101 motor, 102 housing case, 103 rotor,
103b ring fixing sheet, 103c cut,
104 stator core, 104a outer ring part, 105 magnetic flux guide ring,
105a facing part, 105b connecting part, 105c first connecting part, 105d second connecting part,
105e middle part, 105f adjacent area, 105s connecting part, 105t raised part,
106 pseudo salient poles,
111 shaft, 112 cylindrical portion, 113 permanent magnet piece, 114 pseudopole,
Ak hole, Ak1 hole, Ak2 second hole, Ak3 third hole,
R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8 slots,
S1 slit, S2 slit,
T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8 Teeth

Claims (10)

An armature core, a permanent magnet opposed to the armature core, and a magnetic flux guide disposed between the permanent magnet and the armature core to guide a magnetic flux from the permanent magnet into the armature core And a motor having
The permanent magnet includes a plurality of magnetic regions arranged so that the magnetic poles are alternately changed along the rotation direction of the motor,
The magnetic flux guide part is
An opposing portion provided for each of the magnetic regions and disposed at a position facing the magnetic region in the rotational direction;
A connecting portion that connects the two facing portions adjacent to each other in the rotational direction ,
The connecting portion is
A first connecting part that connects one end part in the rotational axis direction of the motor of each of the first opposing part and the second opposing part that are two opposing parts adjacent to each other in the rotational direction;
Each of the first facing portion and the second facing portion includes a second connecting portion that connects the other end portions in the rotation axis direction;
The magnetic flux guide part includes an intermediate part located between the first connection part and the second connection part in the rotation axis direction,
The opposing part, the first connecting part, the second connecting part and the intermediate part are made of a soft magnetic material,
A motor, wherein only the soft magnetic material constituting the intermediate portion is subjected to a demagnetization process . An armature core, a permanent magnet opposed to the armature core, and a magnetic flux guide disposed between the permanent magnet and the armature core to guide a magnetic flux from the permanent magnet into the armature core And a motor having
The permanent magnet includes a plurality of magnetic regions arranged so that the magnetic poles are alternately changed along the rotation direction of the motor,
The magnetic flux guide part is
An opposing portion provided for each of the magnetic regions and disposed at a position facing the magnetic region in the rotational direction;
A connecting portion that connects the two facing portions adjacent to each other in the rotational direction,
The connecting portion is
A first connecting part that connects one end part in the rotational axis direction of the motor of each of the first opposing part and the second opposing part that are two opposing parts adjacent to each other in the rotational direction;
Each of the first facing portion and the second facing portion includes a second connecting portion that connects the other end portions in the rotation axis direction;
The magnetic flux guide part has a hole formed between the first connection part and the second connection part in the rotation axis direction, and the hole part has a boundary between the magnetic regions in the rotation direction. It is arranged to overlap,
An end of the hole in the rotation direction is approaching at least one of the first facing portion and the second facing portion,
The length of the hole in the rotation axis direction increases from the end of the hole in the rotation direction toward the center of the hole . The length of each of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion in the rotation axis direction is the difference between the length of the permanent magnet in the rotation axis direction and the length of the armature core along the rotation axis direction. The motor according to claim 1 , wherein the motor is less than half of the motor. 2. The motor according to claim 1 , wherein the magnetic flux guide portion is disposed so that the intermediate portion overlaps a boundary between the magnetic regions in the rotation direction. The magnetic flux guide part has a slit formed in the facing part,
The slits motor according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the one of the rotation axis direction and the rotation direction of the motor, a long slit along either direction. The magnetic flux guide part has a plurality of slits formed in the facing part,
The motor according to claim 5 , wherein the plurality of slits are long along the rotation axis direction and are arranged at regular intervals along the rotation direction. The length of the permanent magnet in the rotation axis direction of the motor is longer than the length of the armature core in the rotation axis direction,
3. The motor according to claim 1, wherein a length of the magnetic flux guide portion in the rotation axis direction is equal to a length of the permanent magnet in the rotation axis direction. The connecting portion is provided with a first connection part, and a second connecting portion,
3. The motor according to claim 1, wherein the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are located outside both ends of the permanent magnet in the rotation axis direction. The magnetic flux guide part has a hole surrounded by the first connecting part, the second connecting part, the first opposing part, and the second opposing part,
Each of the first facing portion and the second facing portion has an adjacent region adjacent to the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion in the rotation axis direction,
The magnetic flux guide portion has both ends of the adjacent region located at the same position as both ends of the permanent magnet in the rotation axis direction, and both ends of the hole portion are located outside both ends of the permanent magnet in the rotation axis direction. The motor according to claim 8 , wherein the motor is disposed so as to be positioned. The motor according to any one of claims 1 to 9 , wherein the magnetic flux guide section includes only one annular member.

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