JP5923504B2 - Processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

  In the present invention, when welding or cutting a workpiece, the welding torch or cutting torch is mounted and moved relative to the workpiece, or the workpiece is mounted and welded torch or cutting. The present invention relates to a small processing apparatus that is moved relative to a torch.

  Using a torch such as a plasma welding torch, a carbon dioxide welding torch, or a plasma cutting torch or a gas cutting torch, while moving the torch and the workpiece relatively, a workpiece made of a steel plate, a stainless steel plate, an aluminum steel plate, etc. Then, a process of welding or cutting by operating the torch is performed. When a workpiece such as a steel plate or a stainless steel plate is large, it is common to use a small processing device in which many operations are performed by an operator.

  In the case of a small processing device, in order to move the torch and the workpiece relative to each other, the workpiece is set so as to be immovable and the driving direction and speed of the carriage equipped with the torch are set and driven. There is something configured. In addition, there is a configuration in which a torch is set so as not to move and is driven by setting a rotation direction and a rotation speed of a turntable on which a workpiece is fixed. For example, linear processing with a torch is performed at a high speed and then curved processing with a torch is performed at a low speed. Further, as described later, it is necessary to adjust the speed depending on the thickness of the welding wire. In such a processing apparatus, in order to set the traveling speed of the carriage or the rotational speed of the turntable, it is common to use a volume as an operation unit that is linked to a variable resistor.

  In the processing apparatus configured as described above, the traveling speed of the carriage or the rotation speed of the turntable is adjusted by utilizing the change in the voltage accompanying the rotation operation of the variable resistor. The rate of change of the voltage that varies with the change is constant, and the rate of change of the traveling speed of the carriage or the rate of change of the rotational speed of the turntable corresponding to this change is constant. That is, when the variable resistor is changed from the minimum value to the maximum value, the traveling speed or the rotational speed changes in a straight line connecting the preset minimum value and maximum value.

  When performing welding or cutting on a workpiece, an optimum machining speed capable of maintaining optimum quality is set according to the specifications of the torch to be employed and the plate thickness of the workpiece. For example, when welding using a carbon dioxide welding torch, the welding speed when butt welding a workpiece having a thickness of about 3 mm using a 1.2 mm wire is set to about 300 mm to about 350 mm per minute. ing. Further, the welding speed when a workpiece having a thickness of about 9 mm is butt-welded using a 1.6 mm wire is set to about 350 mm to 400 mm per minute. Then, as the plate thickness of the workpiece increases, a thick wire is used and the set welding speed decreases.

  Also, when cutting a workpiece using a gas cutting torch, the cutting speed when cutting a workpiece having a plate thickness of about 9 mm using a crater with a count of 0 having a nozzle diameter of about 0.8 mm Is set to about 550 mm per minute. The cutting speed when cutting a workpiece having a plate thickness of about 20 mm using a crater with a count 2 having a nozzle diameter of about 1.2 mm is set to about 450 mm per minute.

  As described above, when welding or cutting a workpiece, the range of processing speeds set in accordance with the specifications of the torch and the plate thickness of the workpiece is relatively narrow, and the purpose is deviated from this range. It will not be possible to maintain the quality. However, in the conventional processing apparatus described above, the rate of change in speed or the rate of change in rotational speed is constant over the entire range of the volume, and only the range applicable to the target processing can be adjusted more delicately than the other ranges. There is a problem that it is difficult.

  It is an object of the present invention to be able to finely adjust the traveling speed or rotational speed with a small change rate in a speed range adapted to a target process when welding or cutting a workpiece, and a large change in other ranges. An object of the present invention is to provide a processing apparatus capable of adjusting the traveling speed at a rate.

  In order to solve the above problems, a processing apparatus according to the present invention is a processing apparatus that relatively moves a workpiece and a torch that welds or cuts the workpiece, and includes the following. A driving device for relatively moving a workpiece and a processing device; an operating unit for an operator to operate a speed of the driving device; an index range of the operating unit is divided into a plurality of regions, and the operating unit is divided into each region Storage unit having information in which different speed change rates are set with respect to the operation amount of the control unit: the operation amount of the operation unit in each of the regions is associated with the speed change rate of the storage unit, and the speed of the driving device is Control device to adjust.

  In the processing apparatus according to the present invention, the adjustable range in the speed regulator composed of a variable resistor is recognized by dividing it into a plurality of adjustable areas so that the rate of change in speed in each adjustable area is different. Can be controlled. For this reason, an area including a speed corresponding to the target machining is set, and in the set area, an adjustable area in which a change rate of the speed (traveling speed or rotational speed, hereinafter simply referred to as “speed”) is set small is set. Thus, when the variable resistor is operated, the change in speed becomes small, and a delicate speed adjustment can be realized. Therefore, it is possible to easily adjust the traveling speed of the carriage so as to be an optimum value corresponding to the target work, and it is possible to realize good machining.

  Then, by adjusting the adjustable region where the rate of change in speed is large to a range other than the speed range corresponding to the target work, in a region where the target work is not performed, the operation of the carriage can be performed by a slight operation of the variable resistor. Travel speed can be changed. For this reason, a smooth continuous operation can be realized even when the machining section and the non-machining section for the workpiece are alternately continued.

It is a three-view figure explaining the whole structure of the welding apparatus which concerns on a present Example. It is a figure explaining the operation panel of the welding apparatus which concerns on a present Example. It is a block diagram explaining the control system of the welding apparatus which concerns on a present Example. It is a figure explaining the speed adjustment area | region of the welding apparatus which concerns on a present Example.

  The processing apparatus according to the present invention will be described below. The processing apparatus according to the present invention performs processing such as welding or cutting in the process of relatively moving a workpiece typified by a steel plate such as a steel plate or a stainless steel plate and a torch such as a welding torch or a cutting torch. It is a thing. In particular, the processing apparatus according to the present invention is called a semi-automatic processing apparatus configured such that an operator performs an operation of relatively moving a workpiece and a torch.

  The structure for relatively moving the workpiece and the torch is not particularly limited. For example, when the work material is large like a hull material or a bridge material, the work material is installed so as not to move, and the torch is mounted on the traveling carriage and moved. When the processing apparatus is configured as a traveling carriage, the traveling carriage is configured to be able to reciprocate on a straight line, and can be welded or cut by operating a torch mounted in this traveling process.

  Further, when the workpiece is relatively small and is processed in a circumferential shape, the torch is installed immovably, and the workpiece is fixed to the turntable and moved. When the processing apparatus has a turntable, the turntable can be rotated clockwise and counterclockwise, and can be welded or cut by operating the torch while the turntable rotates. is there.

  In the present invention, any apparatus having a traveling carriage or a turntable can be employed as a processing apparatus. In particular, an apparatus having a turntable has a structure called a positioner, which is a kind of welding jig, and can be preferably applied.

  When welding workpieces, various types of welding torches including a torch for performing carbon dioxide arc welding, a torch for performing plasma welding, and the like can be selectively employed as the torch. When cutting a workpiece, a torch for performing gas cutting, a torch for performing plasma cutting, or the like can be selectively employed as the torch.

  Hereinafter, the processing apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. The processing apparatus according to the present embodiment has a traveling carriage A equipped with a carbon dioxide welding torch as the torch B, and the thickness range of the workpiece is configured as a welding apparatus for thin plates to medium thickness plates. Yes.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the traveling carriage A is provided with a motor 26 a serving as a driving device (described later), a transmission device (not illustrated) that transmits the rotation of the motor to the wheels 2, and a control device 25 (described later). . A plurality of wheels 2 are arranged at the lower part of the casing 1.

  An operation panel 3 shown in FIG. 2 is provided on the upper surface of the casing 1. The operation panel 3 includes a connector 4 to which a power cord (not shown) is connected, a push button switch 5, and a volume 6 constituting a speed regulator. Further, LEDs 7 and 8 for displaying an operation state as a welding apparatus, and an indicator 21 are arranged.

  The push button switch 5 has a function of controlling the start / stop of traveling of the traveling carriage A. That is, when the traveling carriage A is in the stopped state, the push button switch 5 is pushed to start running, and when the running carriage A is in the running state, the push button switch 5 is pushed to stop. It is configured.

  In the present embodiment, the volume 6 as an operation unit has a composite function including a function as a speed regulator and a function as a switch for generating a control signal. That is, the volume 6 exhibits a speed adjustment function or a function as an operation condition changing means according to whether the traveling carriage A is in a traveling state or in a stopped state.

  In a predetermined state, for example, when the traveling carriage A is in a traveling state, the volume 6 exhibits a speed adjustment function, and the dial instruction unit 6a is set to any one of the scales 0 to 10 (index range) of the index 6b. The index 6b is designated by turning the dial 6b, and the travel speed can be adjusted based on the speed increase rate set in the adjustable region corresponding to the designated index 6b. At this time, the speed is displayed on the indicator 21, and the speed setting performed by rotating the volume 6 can be increased or decreased while looking at the indicator 21.

  When the traveling carriage A is in a stopped state, the volume 6 is used as a multi-function button other than the speed setting function. For example, the torch B is ignited by pressing the push button switch 5 in accordance with the first index set point 6A (see FIG. 3) where the index 6b of the volume 6 is assigned to any one of the scales 0 to 10, or The operation test program is started by pressing the push button switch 5 in accordance with the second index set point 6B (see FIG. 3) allocated to other scales. As described above, the control device sets other functions on the scale of the volume 6, thereby preventing an unnecessary increase in the number of operation buttons and enabling a simple configuration of the control panel.

  In this embodiment, the speed regulator is composed of a variable resistor (not shown) and a volume 6 for operating the variable resistor. Therefore, the speed can be adjusted steplessly, and a preset position can be used as an index set point.

  The LED 7 has a function of displaying the welding mode. When the LED 7 is turned off, the test mode is displayed. When the LED 7 is lit, the auto mode is displayed. When the LED 7 is blinking, the welding is being displayed. Further, the LED 8 has a function of displaying the traveling direction. When the LED 8 is turned off, it indicates that the traveling direction is the direction of the arrow a, and when illuminated, the traveling direction is the direction of the arrow b. Is displayed, and blinking indicates that the vehicle is running.

  Contact sensors 9 and 10 are arranged on both end surfaces of the casing 1 in the traveling direction (both end surfaces in the directions of arrows a and b), respectively, and are not shown in correspondence with the end portions of the target weld line. Is provided, and the traveling carriage A is stopped by colliding with the dog.

  A stand 15 is provided on the upper part of the casing 1, and a torch holder 16 configured to be adjustable in the vertical direction and in the directions of the arrows c and d is held by the stand 15. A welding torch B is held on the torch holder 16. Therefore, the welding torch B is configured to be set at desired positions in the vertical direction and the exit / entry direction (arrow c and d directions) on the side surface of the casing 1 by operating the stand 15.

  A pair of guide rollers 18 are disposed on the surface of the casing 1 where the welding torch B is disposed, with the welding torch B interposed therebetween. The guide roller 18 is rotatably supported by a support arm 19 configured so that the size of the entrance and exit can be adjusted with respect to the casing 1, and is in contact with a guide (not shown) provided along a target welding line. The travel direction of A can be guided.

  Next, the control system of the traveling carriage A will be described with reference to the block diagram of FIG.

  In FIG. 3, reference numeral 25 denotes a control device, which stores an operation processing unit 25a, a determination unit 25b, an operation program, a currently set traveling direction, and an adjustable range in the volume 6 (index 6b). And a storage unit 25c that temporarily stores the range of the adjustable region set by dividing into a range of 0 to 10) and the rate of change in speed. Reference numeral 26a denotes a motor driven by a driver 26b.

  Reference numeral 27 denotes a drive unit for the torch B. The valve mechanism for supplying and shutting off the gas to the torch B, the power supply device for energizing the torch B, the wire supply device, and the time after the energization of the torch B is started are preset. The timer mechanism is configured to transmit a signal to the motor driver 26b and rotate the motor 26a when the predetermined time has elapsed. However, the configuration of the drive unit 27 of the torch is not limited to the above-described configuration. For example, depending on conditions such as whether the torch B is a carbon dioxide welding torch, a plasma cutting torch, or a gas cutting torch. Are set as appropriate.

  Reference numeral 28 denotes an interface.

  The storage unit 25c of the control device 25 stores an operation program for performing the intended machining that the machining apparatus has. That is, an optimum operation program is set in accordance with whether the purpose of the processing apparatus is welding or cutting, and according to the conditions of the torch to be used.

  In the present embodiment, the function setting of the volume 6 is stored in the storage unit 25c. For example, when the traveling carriage A is stopped and the volume 6 functions as a multi-function button, if the first index is set at the scale 0 position of the index 6b, the volume 6 When the instruction unit 6a is on the same scale and the push button 5 is pressed, the control unit 25 generates a signal for igniting the torch. Further, if the second index is set at the position of the scale 2 of the index 6b, the control unit 25 issues a signal for executing the test mode by performing the same operation. In addition, if each index is set such as the auto mode for supplying gas or energizing the torch B, or supplying the wire, the control unit 25 executes the operation program accordingly. If the traveling carriage A is traveling, the function of the volume 6 is switched to the speed adjustment function, and the speed of the traveling carriage A can be changed by rotating the function.

  In particular, in this embodiment, the torch B to be used is a carbon dioxide welding torch, and it is possible to continue welding in a good state by finely adjusting the welding speed with respect to the workpiece in the range from a thin plate to a medium thickness plate. It is configured. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the storage unit 25c is set with three adjustable areas from 0 to 10 of the index 6b that is the adjustable range in the volume 6, and each adjustable area. The information set so that the rate of change (change gradient) of the speed at the time is different is stored.

  That is, as shown by the speed change rate A in FIG. 4, the operation range of the volume 6 is divided into three regions having different change gradients. That is, the first area from the scale 0 to 1 of the index 6b, the second area from the scale 1 to 6, and the third area from the scale 6 to 10. In this example, the first region and the third region have the same change gradient, and the second region has a low change gradient with respect to the first region and the third region. In any case, the gradient is set to be easy to adjust in each speed region. In the second region, for example, when the traveling carriage A approaches a curve, delicate welding using a thin wire is performed. This is a speed region in which more accurate speed adjustment must be performed.

  In this embodiment, the rate of change in speed in the second region is set to about 40% of the rate of change in speed in the first and third adjustable regions. The information of the index 6b for shifting to, and the rate of change in speed in each region are stored in the storage unit 25c of the control device 25. In this way, since the speed increase / decrease rate is small with respect to the operation amount of the volume 6 in the second area, that is, between the scales 1 to 6, the operator operates the volume 6 at the same rotational speed as the first area. However, the increase / decrease in speed is small, so that the operator can easily set the desired speed while viewing the indicator 21.

  As described above, in the first region, the index 6b is set in the range of 0-1. In the first region, when the index 6b is 0, the traveling speed of the traveling carriage A is 0, that is, the traveling carriage A is stopped, and when the index 6b is 1, the speed is 200 mm per minute. Accordingly, in the first region, the speed can be increased from 0 to 200 mm per minute for one scale of the index 6b.

  In the second region, the index 6b is set in the range of 1-6. This second region is set corresponding to a speed that should be adjusted including a speed range suitable for the target welding and wider than the speed range. In the second region, the speed when the index 6b is 1 is 200 mm per minute, and when the index 6b is 6, the speed is about 600 mm per minute. Accordingly, the speed is set so that the speed can be increased from 200 mm / min to 600 mm / min for the 5 divisions of the index 6b.

  Thus, in the second area, the increment of speed per division is 80 mm per minute (40% of the first adjustable area), and the speed corresponding to the rotation amount (movement amount) of the volume 6 is increased. The rate of increase is small, and it is possible to adjust the speed more delicately.

  In the third region, the index 6b is set in the range of 6-10. In the third region, when the index 6b is 6, the speed is 600 mm / min. When the index 6b is 10, the speed is about 1400 mm / min. That is, the speed is set so that the speed can be increased from 600 mm to 1400 mm per minute at the four scales of the index 6b. Therefore, the increment of the speed per division of the index 6b is 200 mm per minute, which is an increase rate equal to the increase rate of the speed in the first region.

  In the traveling carriage A configured as described above, when the power is turned on by operating the pushbutton switch 5, the controller 25 is currently instructed by the voltage corresponding to the scale indicated by the indication unit 6b of the volume 6. It is determined which index 6b is in the first to third regions, and a signal is sent to the driver 26b in accordance with the determined result to drive the motor 26a. As a result, the traveling carriage A travels at a speed in the first to third areas set in advance corresponding to the index 6b.

  Then, when adjusting the travel speed of the traveling carriage A, when the indicating unit 6a of the volume 6 is rotated, if the indicating unit 6a is in the second region (scales 1 to 6) of the index 6b, the rotation angle Accordingly, the rate of change in speed corresponding to the above becomes small, and it is possible to perform delicate and delicate adjustment as compared with the case in other adjustable regions.

  In the present embodiment, the change gradient in the first region and the change gradient in the third region are equal. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and various change gradients in the first to third regions can be set. Also good. In the present embodiment, three regions having different change gradients are set. However, the number of regions may be two, or may be four or more. In this case, one or a plurality of intermediate regions (the second region if there are three regions, the second region and / or the third region if there are four regions, or the second region if there are five regions) It is conceivable that all of the third region and the fourth region or one or two regions selected from the third region and the fourth region are set to have a low change gradient with respect to the regions on both sides.

  In this embodiment, the rate of change in the second region is set to 40% of the rate of change in the first and third regions. However, the rate of change is not limited to this rate of change. It is preferable to set as appropriate according to the contents of. For example, when the work on the workpiece is welding, the range of the recommended welding speed is small, but in the case of cutting, the cutting speed range is larger than that of welding.

  In this embodiment, the number of scales in each of the first to third regions is set to 1, 5, and 4. However, this numerical value is not limited, and the range of applied speed and the content of processing are not limited. It is possible to set appropriately corresponding to.

  In addition, the speed range that can be adjusted in the second region in this embodiment and the maximum speed in the third region are not limited, and it corresponds to the speed range to be applied and the content of processing. Therefore, it is preferable to set appropriately.

  In the present embodiment, the volume 6 for speed setting is of the rotary dial type, but it may be of a linear slide type. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the traveling cart A that is self-propelled with the torch B mounted as an example of the processing device has been described as an example. However, the torch is fixed and the workpiece side is relatively moved by the drive device. A table type processing apparatus may be used.

(Other embodiments)
As described above, the setting pattern of the speed change rate region of the present invention is limited to one, but for example, the setting pattern at the time of precision machining for which it is desired to avoid thermal deformation by heating for a long time, or conversely A pattern may be recorded in the storage unit 25c with only the low-speed precision machining setting and the high-speed efficient machining setting, and these modes can be selected using the multi-function button setting of the volume 6.

  Graphs B and C in FIG. 3 show a mode having a change gradient different from that of the graph A of the above-described embodiment, but it is also possible to adopt a configuration that can be selected from a set pattern of a plurality of such speed change regions.

  The processing apparatus according to the present invention can be used for a welding apparatus or a cutting apparatus.

A Traveling carriage B Torch 1 Casing 2 Wheel 3 Operation panel 4 Connector 5 Pushbutton switch 6 Volume 7, 8 LED
6a Indicator 6b Index 6A First index set point 6B Second index set point 9, 10 Contact sensor 15 Stand 16 Torch holder 18 Guide roller 19 Support arm 21 Indicator 25 Controller 25a Arithmetic processor 25b Discriminator 25c Storage unit 26a Motor 26b Driver 27 Drive part of torch B 28 Interface

Claims (6)

A processing apparatus for relatively moving a work material and a torch for welding or cutting the work material, the apparatus having the following.
Drive device for moving the workpiece and the processing device relative to each other;
An operating unit for an operator to operate the speed of the driving device;
A storage unit having information in which the index range of the operation unit is divided into a plurality of regions, and different speed change rates are set for the operation amounts of the operation unit in the respective regions:
A control device that adjusts the speed of the driving device by causing the operation amount of the operation unit in each of the regions to correspond to the speed change rate of the storage unit. The processing apparatus according to claim 1,
The plurality of regions are three or more of the first region to the third region, and one or a plurality of intermediate regions have a lower rate of rate change than the regions on both sides. The processing apparatus according to claim 1,
The storage unit includes a plurality of setting patterns for the plurality of regions, and the operator can select a setting pattern according to a processing condition. The processing apparatus according to claim 1,
The processing device is a traveling cart that is self-propelled with the torch mounted thereon. The processing apparatus according to claim 1,
The operation unit is a rotary dial type volume. The processing apparatus according to claim 1,
The operation unit can perform other function settings other than the speed setting of the drive device when the drive device is in a stopped state.

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