JP5906716B2 - Electronic musical instruments - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument that guides performance by indicating performance operators to be performed using performance data.

  Even if you want to play a song with a musical instrument, beginners don't know when and how long to play, so you can play the performance data of the song you want to play and have the timing to play it. 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an electronic musical instrument having a lesson performance guide that shows which sound to play on a display or a guide lamp is known. This electronic musical instrument guide guides the user to the key that corresponds to the sound to be played when the user has reached the timing to play the song he wants to practice. You can learn what to do. Further, a performance guide that is in a waiting state that waits until an instructed key is played when the instructed key is not operated at a predetermined timing is also known. In this waiting state, reading of the performance data according to the progress of the song is interrupted and the user waits until the user presses the specified key. When the specified key is pressed by the user, the corresponding key is pressed. While playing a sound, reading of the subsequent performance data is started and the playback of the song is resumed.

The operation of the conventional performance guide will be described with reference to FIG. 8 taking a keyboard instrument as an example.
The top row of FIG. 8 shows the automatic performance data of the song that the user wants to play in a time series of notes, and the note length of each note is indicated by a thin rectangle in the bottom row. Has been. In the lower row, the key pressing period from when the user presses the key corresponding to each note to when the key is released is shown as a long and narrow rectangle. However, the note number of each note is not shown. In FIG. 8, the times t1, t2, t3, t4, t5,... Are the start times of the beats, and the length between the start times of the beats corresponds to one beat. The sound generation timing of the first quarter note n1 representing the automatic performance data is time t1, the sound generation timing of the next quarter note n2 is time t2, and the sound generation timing of the next quarter note n3 is Time t3 is set.

  The performance guide can be turned on / off. When the performance guide is turned on during performance, automatic performance data is sequentially read out, and first, a predetermined period T before the sound generation timing t1 of the quarter note n1. At time t01, the guide lamp that indicates the key corresponding to the pitch of the quarter note n1 is turned on. Although the guide lamp is turned on at time t01, it is assumed that the user has not pressed the key indicated by the guide lamp until the sound generation timing t1. As a result, the waiting state is interrupted and the reading of the performance data is interrupted and the user waits until the user presses the designated key. Here, it is assumed that the user presses the key instructed by the guide lamp at time t1 'delayed from time t1. As a result, the guide lamp is extinguished and the sound is started at the pitch of the key pressed from time t1 ', and the sound is generated for the period until it is released, and the waiting state is canceled and the next performance data is read. The guide for the next quarter note n2 is prepared. A predetermined period T is set from time t01 to time t1, and a short period corresponding to, for example, a 32nd note length is set as the predetermined period T. Further, when a key different from the key instructed by the guide lamp is pressed, it is determined as a mistouch, so that it is considered that no correct key has been pressed by the time t1, and a waiting state is entered. Wait until the correct key is pressed.

  As described above, when the key corresponding to the pitch of the quarter note n1 designated by the guide lamp is depressed, the next automatic performance data is read and the key t1 ′ of the quarter note n1 is depressed. Since t20 after one beat is the sounding timing of the quarter note n2, the guide lamp indicating the key corresponding to the pitch of the quarter note n2 is turned on at a time preceding the predetermined period T of time t20. Thus, a performance guide for the quarter note n2 is performed. In this way, for the performance data of the quarter note n2 and the half note n3, similarly, the keys corresponding to the pitches of the notes n2 and n3 are obtained at a time that is a predetermined period T before the time of the respective sound generation timings. An instructing guide lamp is turned on, and a performance guide for each note is performed. Although such a performance guide has been performed, in the case shown in FIG. 8, the user has not pressed the key indicated by the guide lamp until the respective sound generation timings of the notes n2 and n3. Thereby, it will be in a waiting state in each sounding timing of each note n2, n3. Then, the user presses the key corresponding to the quarter note n2 at time t2 'delayed from the sound generation timing t20, and the waiting state is released. Further, the user presses the key corresponding to the half note n3 at time t3 'delayed from the sound generation timing t30, and the waiting state is released. When the correct key is pressed and the waiting state is released, the sound is started at the pitch of the performance-guided note, that is, the pitch of the pressed key, and is sounded for the period from when the key is released. At the same time, the next performance data is read out, and a guide is prepared for the next note.

In the above-described guide function, the user is instructed to guide the key to be pressed immediately before the timing at which the user should press the key after playing the music to be practiced. Then, if the user does not press the key instructed to guide by the original sounding timing, the waiting state is entered, and when the user presses the key instructed by guidance, the subsequent reproduction is resumed. The sound generation period is a period from when the user presses the key to when the key is released. In this guide function, only the key press timing and the note to be pressed are shown, but the key release timing is not shown. For this reason, if the user releases the key too early, the sound generation period of the sound is shortened and the performance is interrupted.
In order to solve this problem, a performance guide that can learn the timing to release the key is also known. In this conventional performance guide, the sound is generated until the note length recorded in the music data elapses regardless of the key release timing of the user, and the sound generation is automatically stopped at the elapse of time. As a result, even if the user cannot release the key at the right time, the user can hear it well and learn where to release the key while repeating the practice.

The operation of such a conventional performance guide will be described with reference to FIG. Here again, a keyboard instrument will be described as an example.
The top row of FIG. 9 shows the automatic performance data of the song that the user wants to play in a time-sequential manner, and the note length of each note is indicated by a thin rectangle in the bottom row. Has been. In the lower row, the period from the key depression to the key release of each sound when the user depresses the key is indicated by an elongated rectangle. In FIG. 9, the times t1, t2, t3, t4,... Are the start times of each beat, and the length between the start times of each beat corresponds to one beat. The sound generation timing of the first quarter note n10 representing the automatic performance data is time t1, the sound generation timing of the next quarter note n11 is time t2, and the sound generation timing of the next quarter note n12 is time. t3, and the sounding timing of the next quarter note n13 is time t4. The note length of the quarter note n10 is ta1, the note length of the quarter note n11 is ta2, the note length of the quarter note n12 is ta3, and the note length of the quarter note n13 is ta4, but the note n10 to the note n13 Since they are the same quarter note, the note length ta1 to note length ta4 have the same length.

When the performance guide is turned on during performance, automatic performance data is sequentially read out, and although not shown, the sound of the quarter note n10 is only a predetermined period before the time t1 of the sounding timing of the quarter note n10. A guide lamp is turned on to indicate the key corresponding to high. It is assumed that the user looks at the lighted guide lamp, presses the key indicated by the guide lamp at time t1, and keeps pressing the key for the period tb1. In this case, the period tb1 is shorter than the note length ta1 of the quarter note n10, but the length of the actually sounded sound is extended to the note length ta1. When the key corresponding to the pitch of the quarter note n10 indicated by the guide lamp is pressed, the next automatic performance data is read and only for a predetermined period of time t2 of the sounding timing of the quarter note n11. Previously, the guide lamp that indicates the key corresponding to the pitch of the quarter note n11 is turned on, and the user similarly presses the key specified by the guide lamp at time t2 and continues to press the key for the period tb2. Suppose. In this case, the period tb2 is shorter than the note length ta2 of the quarter note n11, but the length of the actually generated sound is extended to the note length ta2. Furthermore, when the key corresponding to the pitch of the quarter note n11 instructed by the guide lamp is operated, the next automatic performance data is read and only for a predetermined period of time t3 of the sounding timing of the quarter note n12. The guide lamp that indicates the key corresponding to the pitch of the quarter note n12 is turned on before, and the user similarly presses the key specified by the guide lamp at time t3 and continues to press the key for the period tb3. Suppose. In this case, the period tb3 is longer than the note length ta3 of the quarter note n12, but the length of the actually generated sound is reduced to the note length ta3.
As a result, the sound is generated until the note length recorded in the music data elapses regardless of the user's key release timing.

Japanese Patent No. 2707533 JP 2004-101979 A

Yamaha Corporation PortaTone EZJ-210 Instruction Manual, P.32, [online], [Search December 8, 2010], Internet <http://www2.yamaha.co.jp/manual/pdf/emi/ japan / port / ezj210_ja_om_a0.pdf>

  In the conventional performance guide shown in FIG. 8, if the user does not press the indicated key even when the sound generation timing of the note being guided is exceeded, the user enters the waiting state, and the user presses the indicated key. Wait until you do. Then, when the key to be played as instructed by the performance guide is pressed, the sound corresponding to the key is started to sound. In such a performance guide, when a song to be practiced is reproduced and the user reaches a predetermined period T before the timing to be played, the user is instructed to play the sound to be played, and the user presses the key that has been guided. It becomes like this. In this case, the predetermined period T is set to a short period of 32nd note length, for example. As described above, since the predetermined period T is set short, an accurate performance can be performed only by pressing the key at the specified timing, but it is necessary to wait until the next key to be pressed is instructed. . Therefore, if a user who already understands the sound to be pressed next presses the key to be instructed as shown in the bottom row of FIG. 8 before the predetermined period T, it is regarded as a mistouch. End up. For this reason, even if the user intends to play according to the score, it will not be pronounced if played faster than allowed by the performance guide.

As shown in FIG. 9, when the user presses the key corresponding to the quarter note n12 indicated by the guide lamp at the time t3 and keeps pressing the key for the period tb3 exceeding one beat, the period tb3 Is over the time t4 of the sounding timing of the next quarter note n13. The guide of the quarter note n13 is started a predetermined period T before t4, but the user presses n13 after tb3 ends. The pronunciation of n12 is automatically muted at the note length ta3, the performance is weighted at time t4, and when the user presses n13 at time t4 ′ delayed by time Dt from t4, the performance is resumed from there. If the user presses the key indicated by the guide lamp at time t4 ′ and keeps pressing the key for the period tb4, the period tb4 is shorter than the note length ta4 of the quarter note n13, but the sound actually generated is not played. The length is extended to the note length ta4. Even if the beat start time t4 ′ is delayed, the tempo, which is the length of one beat, is constant, so the beat start times t4 ′, t5 ′, t6 ′,... After the time t4 ′. The length between them does not change.
In this way, in the conventional performance guide shown in FIG. 9, the tempo is constant regardless of the timing at which the user releases the key, so even if the user releases the key quickly with the intention of playing lightly, Since the beat guide does not start early, you have to wait for a long time. Also, even if the user slowly releases the key with the intention of playing slowly, the next beat guide will not start late, so the next beat guide will start before the user releases the key. . This makes it difficult for the user to use the performance guide.

As described above, the conventional electronic musical instrument having a guide function has a problem that it cannot respond to a request not only to play as instructed but also to play lightly and quickly or play slowly with emotion.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument having a performance guide that can meet the demands of lightly playing fast or playing emotionally and slowly.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the electronic musical instrument of the present invention, in response to playback of a song, an instruction means for instructing a performance operator to be operated to play the song, and a playback tempo of the song, Tempo control means for controlling based on the timing at which the performance operator is operated, instruction timing control means for controlling the timing at which the instruction means issues an instruction to the user, and invalidation means for invalidating the tempo control means, When the tempo control means is invalidated by the invalidation means, the instruction timing set by the instruction timing control means is delayed as compared with the case where the tempo control means is valid. Is the most important feature.

According to the present invention, by combining the tempo following function with setting a certain period before the sounding timing as the sounding start allowable period, it is regarded as a correct key press even if the user presses the key earlier than the sounding timing, The tempo can be changed to follow the user's performance timing.
That is, whether the user's key press is earlier or later than the sound generation timing, it is regarded as a correct key press, and the tempo is adjusted based on the correct key press. For this reason, it becomes possible not only to play as instructed but also to meet the demands of playing lightly fast and playing slowly with emotion.

  Further, in the present invention, more effective performance practice can be realized by changing the length of the pronunciation start allowable period in accordance with the on / off of the tempo follower. When tempo tracking is off, setting the length of the sound permissible period short will guide the timing to play at a constant tempo, so it is necessary for users with low proficiency to learn when to play. Can also be met at the same time. If the length of the permissible sound generation period is set longer when tempo tracking is on, the longer the length, the faster the user can press the key, and the faster the performance becomes.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the electronic musical instrument concerning the Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows operation | movement of the performance guide in the electronic musical instrument of this invention. It is a figure which shows other operation | movement of the performance guide in the electronic musical instrument of this invention. It is a figure which shows the data structure of the performance data in the electronic musical instrument of this invention. It is a flowchart of the main process performed in the electronic musical instrument of this invention. It is a flowchart of the process in waiting reproduction | regeneration in the main process performed in the electronic musical instrument of this invention. It is a flowchart of the interruption process performed in the electronic musical instrument of this invention. It is a figure which shows operation | movement of the performance guide in the conventional electronic musical instrument. It is a figure which shows other operation | movement of the performance guide in the conventional electronic musical instrument.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The electronic musical instrument 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a keyboard instrument that can perform a performance guide, and although not shown, a plurality of white keys and black keys as performance operators 17 covering a plurality of octaves corresponding to each pitch name. A keyboard consisting of is arranged in the horizontal direction. In addition, a guide lamp 19 for giving a performance instruction to each key when performing a performance guide is arranged for each key in the vicinity of or inside a plurality of white keys and black keys. An operation panel is provided above the performance operator 17 and the guide lamp 19. A panel display 22 composed of a liquid crystal display is disposed on the operation panel, speakers in the sound system 16 are disposed on both sides thereof, and a setting operator 21 is disposed between the panel display 22 and each speaker. ing. The setting operator 21 can specify the tone color, volume, and the like of the generated musical tone, and can set the electronic musical instrument 1 such as an instruction of display contents on the panel display 22 by those operations. In addition, the setting operator 21 includes at least a selection unit for selecting a song to be automatically played, an operator for setting a mode in the performance guide, and a playback start switch for the selected song. Furthermore, the performance guide of the electronic musical instrument 1 is waiting reproduction, and the waiting mode can be set to “with tempo tracking” or “without tempo tracking”, and the performance guide is turned off to guide. It is also possible to perform normal playback without lighting the lamp or waiting.

  In the electronic musical instrument 1 shown in FIG. 1, the CPU 10 is a central processing unit that controls the operation of each part in the electronic musical instrument 1, and indicates an elapsed time during operation or generates a timer interrupt at a specific interval. A timer 13 is provided. A ROM (Read Only Memory) 11 is a non-volatile memory that stores programs such as a performance guide program and musical tone generation program executed by the CPU 10 and various data such as performance data. A RAM (Random Access Memory) 12 is This is a volatile memory in which a storage area for performance data and various data, a work area for the CPU 10, and the like are set. The tone generator 14 receives tone control data generated by the CPU 10 executing a tone generation program, stores the tone control data in a tone generator register, generates tone based on the tone control data, and sends it to a DSP (Digital Signal Processor) 15. Output. The DSP 15 can add effects such as reverb, chorus, variation, distortion, and the like to the musical sound signal generated by the sound source 14 based on the effect parameters received from the CPU 10. The musical tone signal to which the effect is given by the DSP 15 is supplied to the sound system 16, and the analog musical tone signal converted into the analog signal is amplified and emitted from the speaker. The performance operator interface 18 scans a performance operator 17 composed of a plurality of white keys and black keys to detect the performance operator 17 in which a key is pressed or released, and the detected performance operator 17 is detected. Note-on information and note-off information are sent to the CPU 10 via the bus 24. The guide lamp interface 20 receives information for turning on / off the guide lamp 19 of a specific performance operator from the CPU 10, and turns on / off the guide lamp 19 based on this information. The storage device 23 is a drive device that includes various recording media such as a hard disk HD, a compact disk CD, and a flexible disk FD that are incorporated in the electronic musical instrument 1 in advance, and stores a large amount of performance data and programs.

  Next, the data structure of the performance data of the song stored in the ROM 11 or the storage device 23 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the performance data is composed of a header H representing a song title, tempo, key, etc., a melody part of data D1, and a plurality of accompaniment parts of accompaniment part A of data D2 or accompaniment part X of data DX. Has been. The performance data of each part of the data D1 to data DX is composed of a plurality of sets of musical instruments according to the progress of the song, which includes event data and timing data corresponding thereto, and end data indicating the end of the song. Become. The timing data of the data D1, the data D2, or the data DX is set so that the melody part and the plurality of accompaniment parts advance simultaneously during performance. The event data is composed of data such as note on, note number, note off, and velocity. In the guide performance described below, the melody part becomes the guide target part, and the accompaniment part A through the accompaniment part X are collected as an “accompaniment part”.

The operation of the electronic musical instrument 1 of the present invention when the performance guide is set to “with tempo follow-up” in the “waiting” mode will be described with reference to FIG.
In the top row of FIG. 2, notes representing the performance data of the melody part, which is the guide target part in the automatic performance data of the song that the user intends to perform, are shown in time series. In the lower row, the note length of each note is shown as a long and narrow rectangle. In the lower row, the key pressing period from when the user presses the keyboard corresponding to each note to when the key is released is indicated by a long and narrow rectangle. However, the note number of each note is not shown. In FIG. 2, the times t1, t2, t3, t4, t5,... Are the start times of the beats, and the length between the start times corresponds to one beat. The sound generation timing of the first quarter note n1 of the performance data of the melody part is time t1, the sound generation timing of the next quarter note n2 is time t2, and the sound generation timing of the next quarter note n3 is Time t3 is set. The length of the sound generating the quarter notes n1 to n3 is set to a length corresponding to each note length.

  When the performance guide is set to “with tempo tracking” in the “waiting” mode, the pronunciation set when there is no tempo tracking setting before the timing of each note as shown in FIG. A sound generation allowable period Ta that is several times longer than the start allowable period Ta ′ is set. The sound generation start allowable period Ta is a period for performing a performance guide, and the sound generation start allowable period Ta is a period corresponding to a quarter note length, for example. Here, when the user gives an instruction to start playback of the selected song, the melody part data D1 is sequentially read from the beginning as the song progresses. Here, the timing data and event data of the quarter note n1, which is the first melody sound, are read out, and the sound generation timing time t1 set from the absolute time and timing data of the timer 13 is before the sound generation start allowable period Ta. At time t01, the guide lamp 19 that indicates the key corresponding to the pitch of the quarter note n1 is turned on. Here, it is assumed that the user presses the key designated by the guide lamp 19 at time t1 ′ before reaching the sound generation timing t1. As a result, the guide lamp 19 is turned off, and the melody sound of the pitch is started to be generated from the sound source 14 based on the event data of the quarter note n1 from the time t1 ′, and is generated for a period until the key is released. At the same time, the timing data and event data of the quarter note n2 of the next melody are read, and the performance guide for the quarter note n2 is prepared. At the same time, the accompaniment part corresponding to the current melody sound (specifically, included in the accompaniment part A or accompaniment part X between the performance start timing of the current melody sound and the performance start timing of the next melody sound) Event data) are sequentially read, and the accompanying sound is generated from the sound source 14.

  Since t20 that is one beat after the key t1 ′ of n1 is the sounding timing of the quarter note n2, the sound of the quarter note n2 at time t02 that is before the sounding start allowable period Ta at time t20. A guide lamp 19 indicating a key corresponding to high is turned on, and a performance guide for the quarter note n2 is performed. Assume that the user presses the key indicated by the guide lamp 19 at time t2 'before reaching the sound generation timing t20. As a result, the guide lamp 19 is turned off in the same manner as described above, and the melody sound having the pitch based on the event data of the quarter note n2 is started from the sound source 14 from the time t2 ′ until the key is released. While the period is sounded, the timing data and event data of the second note n3 of the next melody sound are read out, and the performance guide for the second note n3 is prepared. In this way, as the automatic performance data progresses, the guide lamps 19 that indicate the keys corresponding to the pitches of the notes at the time before the sound generation start allowable period Ta at the time of the sound generation timing based on the respective timing data. Is turned on, and a performance guide for each note is performed.

Here, it is assumed that the user presses the key corresponding to the half note n3 indicated by the guide lamp 19 at time t3 ′ before reaching the sound generation timing t30 according to the performance guide for the half note n3. Thereby, the guide lamp 19 is turned off in the same manner as described above, and the period from the time t3 ′ until the melody sound having the pitch based on the event data of the half note n3 is started to be generated from the sound source 14 until the key is released. At the same time, the timing data and event data of the next melody sound are read out, and the performance guide for the melody sound is prepared. When the melody sound is generated, the accompaniment part portion corresponding to the melody sound is read out simultaneously, and the accompaniment sound is generated from the sound source 14.
Thereafter, the melody part data D1 is sequentially read out in accordance with the progress of the automatic performance data, and the same operation is performed. When the end data is read out, the guide performance ends. In addition, since “tempo following setting is set” is set, the tempo of the automatic performance follows the speed at which the user plays the keyboard, but in the case shown in FIG. Since the speed is almost the same as the tempo, the tempo is almost unchanged.

Next, the tempo tracking operation in the electronic musical instrument 1 of the present invention when the performance guide is set to “with tempo tracking” in the “waiting” mode will be described with reference to FIG.
In the case shown in FIG. 3, a different song is selected as the song to be played by the user, and the note representing the performance data of the melody part, which is the guide target part in the automatic performance data of this song, is the top of FIG. They are shown in chronological order. In the lower row, the note length of each note is shown as an elongated rectangle. In the lower row, the period from the key depression to the key release of each sound when the user depresses the key is indicated by an elongated rectangle. However, the note number of each note is not shown. In FIG. 3, the times t1, t2, t3, t4,... Are the start time of each beat, and the length between the start times of each beat corresponds to one beat. The sound generation timing of the first quarter note n10 in the automatic performance data is time t1, the sound generation timing of the next quarter note n11 is time t2, and the sound generation timing of the next quarter note n12 is time t3. The sound generation timing of the next quarter note n13 is time t4. The note length of the quarter note n10 is ta1, the note length of the quarter note n11 is ta2, the note length of the quarter note n12 is ta3, and the note length of the quarter note n13 is ta4, but the note n10 to the note n13 Since they are the same quarter note, the note length ta1 to note length ta4 have the same length.

  As described with reference to FIG. 2, when the performance guide is set to “with tempo tracking” in the “waiting” mode, the sound generation start allowable period Ta is set before the sound generation timing of each note. In FIG. 3, it is omitted. Here, when the user gives an instruction to start playback of the selected song, the melody part data D1 is sequentially read from the beginning as the song progresses. Here, the timing data and event data of the quarter note n10 which is the leading melody sound are read out, and the sound generation timing time t1 set from the absolute time and timing data of the timer 13 is preceded by the sound generation start allowable period Ta. At the time, the guide lamp 19 indicating the key corresponding to the pitch of the quarter note n10 is turned on. It is assumed that the user looks at the lit guide lamp, presses the key indicated by the guide lamp at time t1, and keeps pressing the key for a period tb1 shorter than the note length ta1. Here, since the time t1 is after the guide lamp is lit, it is determined that the user's key press is a correct key press. As a result, the guide lamp 19 is turned off, and a melody tone having a pitch based on the event data of the quarter note n10 is started from the sound source 14 from the time t1, and is generated during the period tb1 until the key is released. At the same time, the timing data and event data of the quarter note n11 of the next melody are read out, and the performance guide for the quarter note n11 is prepared. At the same time, the accompaniment part corresponding to the current melody sound is read, and the accompaniment sound is generated from the sound source 14. In this case, the sound generation period tb1 is shorter than the note length ta1 of the quarter note n10.

  Then, the guide lamp 19 for designating the key corresponding to the pitch of the next melody quarter note n11 is a sound generation start allowable period Ta before one beat after the timing t1 when the user presses the key to n10. It is assumed that the user lights up at time and the user presses the key corresponding to the quarter note n11 indicated by the guide lamp 19 at time t12 and keeps pressing the key for a period tb2 shorter than the note length ta2 of the quarter note n11. As a result, the guide lamp 19 is turned off, and a melody tone having a pitch based on the event data of the quarter note n11 is started from the sound source 14 from the time t12 and is generated for a period tb2 until the key is released. At the same time, the accompaniment part corresponding to the current melody sound is read, and the accompaniment sound is generated from the sound source 14. In this case, the sounding period tb2 is shorter than the note length ta2 of the quarter note n11. Further, in order to follow the tempo, the time interval between the time t1 when the key corresponding to the quarter note n10 is pressed and the time t12 when the key corresponding to the quarter note n11 is pressed is detected, and based on the detected time interval. Then, the tempo is calculated by the method described later, and the next performance data is read out at the calculated tempo. That is, the tempo is changed according to the time interval every time the correct key is pressed. In this way, the tempo following according to the performance speed of the user is performed, and at the same time, the timing data and the event data of the quarter note n12 of the next melody tone are read, and the performance of the quarter note n12 is performed. Guide preparations are made.

  Furthermore, it is assumed that the user presses the key corresponding to the quarter note n12 indicated by the guide lamp 19 at time t13 and keeps pressing the key for a period tb3 longer than the note length ta3 of the quarter note n12. As a result, the guide lamp 19 is turned off, and the melody sound based on the event data of the quarter note n12 is started from the sound source 14 from the time t13, and is generated during the period tb3 until the key is released. The accompaniment part corresponding to the current melody sound is read, and the accompaniment sound is generated from the sound source 14. In this case, the sound generation period tb3 is longer than the note length ta3 of the quarter note n12. Further, in order to follow the tempo, the time interval between the time t12 when the key corresponding to the quarter note n11 is pressed and the time t13 when the key corresponding to the quarter note n12 is pressed is detected and based on the detected time interval. Then, the tempo is calculated by the method described later, and the next performance data is read out at the calculated tempo. Thus, the tempo is changed according to the time interval every time the user correctly presses the key. Then, the timing data and event data of the quarter note n13 of the next melody tone are read, and the performance guide for the quarter note n13 is prepared.

Furthermore, it is assumed that the user presses the key corresponding to the quarter note n13 indicated by the guide lamp 19 at time t14 and keeps pressing the key for a period tb4 shorter than the note length ta4 of the quarter note n13. As a result, the guide lamp 19 is turned off, and the melody sound based on the event data of the quarter note n13 is started to be generated from the sound source 14 from the time t14, and is generated during the period tb4 until the key is released. The accompaniment part corresponding to the current melody sound is read, and the accompaniment sound is generated from the sound source 14. In this case, the sounding period tb4 is shorter than the note length ta4 of the quarter note n13. Further, in order to follow the tempo, the time interval between the time t13 when the key corresponding to the quarter note n12 is depressed and the time t14 when the key corresponding to the quarter note n13 is depressed is detected, Then, the tempo is calculated by the method described later, and the next performance data is read out at the calculated tempo.
As described above, when the performance guide of the electronic musical instrument 1 according to the present invention is set to “with tempo follow-up setting”, the tempo is changed every time according to the time interval every time the correct key is pressed. become. That is, the tempo, which is the length of one beat of the automatic performance of the song, is changed according to the speed at which the user performs.

As described above, in the electronic musical instrument 1 of the present invention, when the performance guide is set to “with tempo follow-up” in the “waiting” mode, as shown in FIG. Before the sound generation timing of each note representing the performance data, a sound generation start allowable period Ta several times longer than the sound generation start allowable period Ta ′ set when the tempo tracking setting is not set is set. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the length of one beat corresponding to the tempo of the automatic performance of the song is changed according to the speed at which the user performs. For this reason, the electronic musical instrument 1 of the present invention can meet the demand not only to play as instructed by the performance guide, but also to play lightly and quickly or play slowly with emotion. In this case, even if the user plays lightly and quickly, the sound is generated without being regarded as a mistouch. Therefore, not only can the user's performance be heard naturally, but the user can also be satisfied with freely controlling the performance of the song.
In the performance guide in the electronic musical instrument 1 of the present invention, when the key designated by the guide lamp 19 is not depressed even when the sounding timing is reached, the above-mentioned waiting state is entered, and reading of the next performance data is interrupted and the guide is interrupted. It waits until the user presses the key indicated by the lamp 19.

  By the way, if the performance guide is set to “Waiting” and “No tempo tracking”, the sounding will start before each note that represents the performance data of the song you want to play. Although the allowable period Ta ′ is set, the length of the sound generation start allowable period Ta ′ in the case of “no tempo follow-up setting” is a sufficiently short period, for example, a 32nd note length. In addition, the tempo that determines the length of one beat of the automatic performance of the song is not changed according to the speed at which the user performs. This is because when “no tempo tracking setting” is set, the user mainly wants to learn accurate key pressing timing.

Next, a flowchart of main processing executed by the CPU 10 in the electronic musical instrument 1 according to the present invention is shown in FIG. 5, a flowchart of processing during waiting reproduction in the main processing is shown in FIG. 6, and a flowchart of interrupt processing executed by the CPU 10 Is shown in FIG.
Next, the operation of the electronic musical instrument 1 according to the present invention will be described with reference to the flowcharts of FIGS.
When the power switch of the electronic musical instrument 1 according to the present invention is turned on, the main process shown in FIG. 5 is started, and initialization that sets the electronic musical instrument 1 to the initial state is performed in step S10. In this initialization, initial tone color settings for the sound source 14 and various registers in the RAM 12 are cleared. In addition, the performance guide setting is set to the initial state. This initial state is, for example, that the performance guide is “waiting” and “no tempo follow”, but the performance guide is initially displayed by displaying a setting screen on the panel display 22 and performing a selection operation using the setting operator 21. The state can be arbitrarily set by the user.

  In the processing from step S11 to step S27 in the main processing, when an operation related to performance is performed on the electronic musical instrument 1 by the performance operator 17 or the setting operator 21 or the like, processing corresponding to the operation is performed. The processes in steps S11 to S27 are repeatedly executed while the power switch of the electronic musical instrument 1 is turned on. When one of the performance operators 17 is depressed, the performance operator interface 18 scans the performance operator 17 to detect a key depression event. As a result, it is determined that the key pressing operation has been performed in step S11, and the process branches to step S12. In step S12, a process of starting sound generation of a pitch corresponding to the pressed key is performed. When one of the performance operators 17 is released, the performance operator interface 18 scans the performance operator 17 to detect a key release event. Accordingly, it is determined that the key release operation has been performed in step S13, and the process branches to step S14. In step S14, processing for stopping the sound generation of the pitch corresponding to the key released is performed.

  When the waiting mode switch in the setting operator 21 is operated, it is determined in step S15 that the waiting mode switch has been operated, and the process of step S16 is performed. In the process of step S16, a process of inverting the current setting state of on / off of the waiting mode is performed, and the value of the waiting mode flag is rewritten. In this case, a toggle operation is performed to newly set OFF if the waiting mode is ON before operating the waiting mode switch, and to newly set ON if the waiting mode is OFF before operating. Further, when a song selection operation is performed by the setting operator 21, it is determined in step S17 that a song selection operation has been performed, and the process of step S18 is performed. In the process of step S18, the selected song is prepared as a playback song, and the data of the song is stored in the playback song register in the RAM 12. Note that even if a song selection operation is performed during song playback, this operation is invalid and the song selection operation cannot be performed during song playback.

  Furthermore, when the tempo follow-up setting switch in the setting operator 21 is operated, it is determined in step S19 that the tempo follow-up setting switch has been operated, and the process in step S20 is performed. In the process of step S20, a process of inverting the current setting state of tempo tracking setting on / off is performed, and the value of the tempo tracking setting flag is rewritten. In this case, if the tempo follow-up setting flag before operating the tempo follow-up setting switch is on, a new off is set, and if the tempo follow-up setting flag before operating is off, a new on is set. When the process of step S20 ends, the process proceeds to step S21, and the period of the sound generation start allowable period Ta is changed. Next, the sound generation stop processing method is switched in step S22. In the processes of steps S21 and S22, if the tempo follow-up setting flag is newly turned on and set to “with tempo follow-up setting” in step S20, a sounding start allowable period for waiting reproduction, which will be described later, is set in step S21. It is changed to a predetermined sound generation start allowable period (# 2 allowable time) for turning on the tempo tracking setting. This # 2 allowable time is, for example, a long sounding start allowable period Ta corresponding to a quarter note length. Further, in step S22, switching is made so that the sound generation is stopped not at the note-off timing of the corresponding performance data but at the timing when the key release operation is performed. If the tempo follow-up setting flag is newly turned off and set to “no tempo follow-up setting” in step S20, the sound generation start allowable sound generation start time for turning off the predetermined tempo follow-up setting is set in step S21. It is changed to an allowable period (# 1 allowable time). The # 1 allowable time is shorter than the # 2 allowable time, and is, for example, a short pronunciation start allowable period Ta 'corresponding to a 32nd note length. Further, in step S22, switching is made so that the sound generation is stopped not at the timing of the key release operation but at the note-off timing of the performance data corresponding to the key that has been operated.

  Furthermore, when an operation for starting song playback is performed, it is determined in step S23 that an operation for starting song playback has been performed, and the process of step S24 is performed. In the process of step S24, it is determined whether or not the waiting mode is in effect. If the current waiting mode flag state is set to ON and the “waiting” mode is set, the process proceeds to step S26. If the current waiting mode flag state is set to OFF and the mode of “no waiting” is currently set, the process proceeds to step S25. In step S25, processing for starting normal playback of the playback song is performed. In this normal playback start processing, the playback counter of the playback song stored in the playback song register is reset, the interrupt processing shown in FIG. 7 is started, and it is determined that normal playback is in progress in the interrupt processing. A playback flag is set. Further, the playback song is set as a processing target in the interrupt process, and the tempo recorded in the playback song is set as the playback tempo. Even if an operation for starting song playback is performed during song playback, the operation is ignored in step S23 so that the operation for starting song playback cannot be performed. The playback counter counts at a speed corresponding to the set tempo, and automatic performance of the performance data proceeds according to the count of the playback counter, so automatic playback is performed according to the set tempo. Changes the speed.

In step S26, a process for starting waiting reproduction of the reproduction song is performed. In this waiting reproduction start process, the reproduction counter is reset, the interruption process shown in FIG. 7 is started, and the reproduction flag is set so that it is determined that the waiting reproduction is being performed in the interruption process. Furthermore, the playback song is set as the processing target in the interrupt process, the tempo recorded in the playback song is set as the playback tempo, and the guide start timing of the first performance data (note-on) in the melody part is set Is done. The guide start timing is set based on the sound generation start allowable period (# 1 allowable time Ta ′ or # 2 allowable time Ta) set corresponding to the currently set tempo tracking on / off. When the process of step S26 ends, the process during the waiting reproduction shown in FIG. 6 is performed. The processing during the waiting reproduction continues to be executed without returning to the main processing in FIG. 5 until the end of the waiting reproduction is instructed. When the end of the waiting reproduction is instructed, the process returns to the main process of FIG. 5 and proceeds to the process of step S27. In step S27, panel processing such as display processing of the panel display 22 and other processing are performed.
As described above, the main processing from step S11 to step S27 is repeatedly executed while the power switch of the electronic musical instrument 1 is turned on, and when an operation is performed on the electronic musical instrument 1, depending on the operation. Processing is performed.

As shown in the main process shown in FIG. 5, the processing during the waiting playback shown in FIG. 6 is performed when the song playback start switch is operated when the waiting mode is set to ON, and the playback song is played back. It is executed when it is started.
In the process during waiting reproduction, it is determined in step S30 whether the tempo follow-up setting flag is turned on or off. Here, when it is determined that the tempo follow-up setting flag is turned off, that is, when there is no tempo follow-up, the waiting reproduction process of steps S31 to S40 is repeatedly executed, and the tempo follow-up setting flag is turned on. If it is determined, that is, if there is tempo follow-up, the waiting reproduction process in steps S43 to S57 is repeatedly executed.

  Here, when the performance operator 17 is depressed when the tempo follow-up setting flag is off, a key depression event is detected in the performance operator interface 18. Thereby, it is determined that the key is pressed in step S31, and the process of step S32 is performed. In the process of step S32, it is determined whether or not the present time is within the sound generation start allowable period. The term “permissible to start pronunciation” means that the guide lamp is turned on during the guide, that is, at the timing before the correct start timing Ta ′ (# 1 allowed time) of the current melody sound. That is, if it is during the guide, it is determined that the pronunciation start allowable period is in progress, and the process proceeds to step S33. If it is not during the guide, it is determined that the sound generation start allowable period is not in effect, and the processing from step S33 to step S39 is skipped. This is because the key depression when not in the guide is regarded as a mistouch, and the processing corresponding to the key depression is not performed.

  In step S33, it is determined whether or not the pitch of the key pressed by the user matches the pitch of the current melody sound instructed by the performance guide. Here, if the user presses the key of the pitch designated by the performance guide, it is determined that the key is the correct key and the process proceeds to step S34, and the sounding of the current melody sound is started. If the user presses a key different from the key instructed by the performance guide, it is determined that the key is mistouched, and the processing in steps S34 to S39 is skipped, and the sound generation processing corresponding to the key pressing is not performed. In the sound generation start process of step S34, the CPU 10 sends the musical tone control data of the current melody sound to the sound source 14, and the sound source 14 starts the pronunciation of the current melody sound based on the musical sound control data. When the processing in step S34 is completed, since the correct key has been pressed, the key guide lamp corresponding to the current melody sound is turned off in step S35, and the current melody sound guide is ended.

  In step S36, the accompaniment part portion corresponding to the current melody sound is set to be read, and the beginning of the accompaniment part portion corresponding to the current melody sound is shifted to the sounding start timing of the current melody sound. Next, in step S37, the value of the reproduction counter is changed to a value corresponding to the sounding start timing of the current melody sound. In this process, the value of the reproduction counter used in the interruption process shown in FIG. 7 is set one clock before the melody sound start timing so that the accompaniment part is normally reproduced from the position after the shift in step S36. It is a process to change to the value of. When the process of step S37 is completed, a process of reading out the sound generation start timing of the next melody sound for pause of reproduction is performed in step S38. This process is a process for updating the timing for automatically stopping the progress of the automatic performance data to the sounding start timing of the next melody sound, which is a new value, and if the next melody sound is not played, The accompaniment corresponding to the current melody sound is paused at the melody sound generation timing. Next, in step S39, the timing before the next melody sound generation start timing by the sound generation start allowable period Ta 'is set as the guide start twing. Here, since the tempo follow-up setting flag is off, the sound generation start allowable period Ta 'is set to # 1 allowable time with a short period.

Furthermore, when it is detected that the waiting playback stop switch has been operated when the tempo tracking setting flag is off, or the playback of the playback song has reached the end and reached the end position (end). Is detected, it is determined in step S40 that there is an instruction to end waiting reproduction, and the process of ending waiting reproduction in step S41 is performed. When the waiting reproduction end process is completed, the process returns to step S27 of the main process.
Even if the performance operator 17 is released when the tempo follow-up setting flag is off, the melody sound generation stop process corresponding to the released key is not performed. When the tempo tracking setting flag is off, the melody sound that is being played is not when the key instructing to start the melody sound is released, but when the automatic performance proceeds and the note is turned off for that melody sound. When the data is read from the playback song, sound generation stops.

  Further, when the performance operator 17 is depressed when the tempo follow-up setting flag is turned on, a key depression event is detected by the performance operator interface 18. Thereby, it is determined that the key is pressed in step S43, and the process of step S44 is performed. In the process of step S44, it is determined whether or not the present time is within the sound generation start allowable period. “Permitted start of sound generation period” means that the guide lamp is turned on during the guide, that is, at a timing preceding the correct performance timing of the current melody sound by the start of sound generation start period Ta (# 2 allowable time). If it is during the guide, it is determined that the sound generation start allowable period is in progress, and the process proceeds to step S45. If it is not during the guide, it is determined that the sound generation start allowable period is not reached, and the processing from step S45 to step S53 is skipped. This is because the key depression when not in the guide is regarded as a mistouch, and the processing corresponding to the key depression is not performed.

  In step S45, it is determined whether or not the pitch of the key pressed by the user matches the pitch of the current melody sound instructed by the performance guide. Here, if the user presses the key of the pitch specified by the performance guide, it is determined that the key is correct and the process proceeds to step S46, where the sounding of the current melody sound is started. If the user presses a key different from the key instructed by the performance guide, it is determined that the key is mistouched, and the processing in steps S46 to S53 is skipped and the sound generation processing corresponding to the key pressing is not performed. In the sound generation start process in step S46, the CPU 10 sends the musical sound control data of the current melody sound to the sound source 14, and the sound generation of the current melody sound in the sound source 14 is started based on the musical sound control data. When the processing of step S46 is completed, the correct key is pressed, so that the key guide lamp corresponding to the current melody sound is turned off in step S47, and the current melody sound guide is ended.

  Further, a tempo is calculated in step S48. As an example of tempo calculation, the time interval between key presses that are correctly pressed is detected, and the time length per beat is obtained by dividing the detected time by the note length of the corresponding performance data. When a key is pressed earlier than the original note-on timing, the tempo is faster than the current playback tempo because the time interval between key presses is shorter than the note length of the performance data. Conversely, when a key is pressed later than the original note-on timing, the time interval between key presses is longer than the note length of the performance data, so the tempo is slower than the current playback tempo. The same calculation is performed for the immediately preceding two notes, the time length per beat is obtained, and the average of these is used as the read tempo for the next performance data. In step S49, the tempo calculated in this way is changed. Next, in step S50, the readout of the accompaniment part portion corresponding to the current melody sound is set, and the head of the accompaniment part portion corresponding to the current melody sound is shifted to the pronunciation start timing of the current melody sound. Next, in step S51, the value of the reproduction counter is changed to a value corresponding to the sounding start timing of the current melody sound. In this process, the value of the reproduction counter used in the interruption process shown in FIG. 7 is set to one clock before the melody sound start timing so that the accompaniment part is normally reproduced from the position after the shift in step S50. It is a process to change to the value of. When the process of step S51 is completed, a process for reading out the sound generation start timing of the next melody sound for pause of reproduction is performed in step S52. This process is to update the timing to pause the automatic performance progress to the new melody sound start timing when the new melody sound is not played. This is a process for temporarily stopping the accompaniment corresponding to the current melody sound at the pronunciation timing. Next, in step S53, processing for setting the guide start timing of the next melody sound is performed. In this process, the timing before the sound generation start allowable period Ta being set is set as the guide start timing before the sound generation start timing of the next melody sound. Here, since the tempo follow-up setting flag is turned on, the sound generation start allowable period Ta is set to # 2 allowable time with a long period.

  When the performance operator 17 is released when the tempo tracking setting flag is on, the performance operator interface 18 detects a key release event. Thereby, it is determined that the key release operation has been performed in step S54, and the process of step S55 is performed. In the process of step S55, it is determined whether or not a melody sound that matches the pitch of the key released by the user is being generated. Here, if the matching melody sound is being sounded, in step S56, a process for stopping the sound of the melody sound is performed.

  Furthermore, when it is detected that the waiting playback stop switch has been operated when the tempo tracking setting flag is on, or the playback of the playback song has progressed to the end and has reached the end position (end). Is detected, it is determined in step S57 that there is an instruction to end waiting reproduction, and the process of ending waiting reproduction in step S58 is performed. When the waiting reproduction end process is completed, the process returns to step S27 of the main process.

Next, the interrupt process shown in FIG. 7 that is started at each timing clock of performance data will be described. Note that the time length for one timing clock is changed in accordance with the tempo at which the song is played back. If the tempo is changed in step S49 of the processing during waiting playback, the time interval for starting the interrupt processing is also changed accordingly. The
If the normal reproduction flag is set when the interruption process shown in FIG. 7 is started, it is determined that normal reproduction is being performed in step S60, and the value of the reproduction counter is updated in step S61. In this update, the value of the reproduction counter is incremented by 1. If the process of updating the value of the playback counter that counts the number of timing clocks of the performance data has been completed, and there is performance data to be processed at a timing that matches the updated value of the playback counter, step In S62, it is determined that there is performance data to be processed in either the melody part or the accompaniment part. In step S63, the performance data to be processed at this timing is processed for all the parts without distinguishing between the melody part and the accompaniment part. In the performance data processing, processing such as sound generation and sound generation stop, and change of volume and tone color are performed according to the performance data of the corresponding melody part and accompaniment part. When the process of step S63 ends, the process proceeds to step S64. However, since normal playback is in progress, it is determined as no in S64, and the interrupt process ends.

  Further, when the interruption flag is activated and the reproduction flag is in the waiting reproduction state, it is determined to be no in step S60, and the process proceeds to step S64. In step S64, it is determined that the waiting reproduction is being performed, and step S65 is performed. In step S3, it is confirmed whether the normal sounding timing of the melody sound to be pressed as instructed by the performance guide has passed without the user being able to correctly press the key. Specifically, when the value of the reproduction counter reaches one clock before the normal sound generation timing of the melody sound, it is determined as yes, and before that, it is determined as no. Here, when it is determined that it has reached, the interrupt processing is ended, and the count of the reproduction counter remains stopped one clock before the normal sounding timing, and the count is increased when the correct key is pressed. Resumed. That is, when the correct key is pressed, the melody sound to be pressed is updated to the next melody sound, and the normal sound generation timing to be compared is updated to the sound generation start timing of the next melody sound. It is assumed that the value of has not reached the new pronunciation timing.

  If it is determined in step S65 that the key pressing timing has not passed, the value of the reproduction counter is incremented by 1 and updated in step S66. Here, if the tempo follow-up setting flag is off, it is determined in step S67 that the tempo follow-up setting flag is off, and the process in step S68 is performed. In the process of step S68, it is determined whether or not the value of the reproduction counter has reached the currently set guide start timing. If it is determined that the value has reached, the sound to be pressed next by the user in step S69. The guide lamp of the key corresponding to the pitch of the next melody tone to be high is turned on, and the guide start timing is cleared in step S70. If it is determined in step S68 that the reproduction counter value has not reached the currently set guide start timing, the processes in steps S69 and S70 are skipped. Further, if it is determined in step S71 that the tempo follow-up setting flag is off and there is a note-off to be processed at this timing in the melody part, the process of stopping the sound generation of the corresponding melody sound is performed in step S72. Done. If it is determined in step S71 that there is no note-off to be processed at this timing in the melody part, the process in step S72 is skipped.

  Furthermore, if the tempo follow-up setting flag is turned off and it is determined in step S73 that the accompaniment part has performance data such as note-on and note-off to be processed at this timing, the corresponding accompaniment in step S74. Sound generation and sound generation stop processing are performed according to the performance data of the part. As described above, the automatic performance of the accompaniment part is sequentially processed in the same manner as the normal reproduction. If it is determined in step S73 that there is no performance data to be processed at this timing in the accompaniment part, the process in step S74 is skipped.

If the tempo follow-up setting flag is on, it is determined in step S67 that the tempo follow-up setting flag is on, and the process in step S76 is performed. In the process of step S76, it is determined whether or not the value of the reproduction counter has reached the currently set guide start timing. If it is determined that the value has reached, the sound to be pressed next by the user in step S77. The guide lamp of the key corresponding to the pitch of the next melody tone to be high is turned on, and the guide start timing is cleared in step S78. If it is determined in step S76 that the reproduction counter value has not reached the currently set guide start timing, the processes in steps S77 and S78 are skipped. Furthermore, if the tempo follow-up setting flag is turned on and it is determined in step S79 that the accompaniment part has performance data such as note-on and note-off to be processed at this timing, the corresponding accompaniment part is determined in step S80. The sound generation and the sound generation stop process are performed according to the performance data. As described above, the automatic performance of the accompaniment part is sequentially processed in the same manner as the normal reproduction. If it is determined in step S79 that there is no performance data to be processed at the current timing in the accompaniment part, the process in step S80 is skipped.
When the tempo follow-up setting flag is turned on, even if the melody part has a note-off corresponding to the current timing, the corresponding melody sound generation stop processing is not performed. When the tempo follow-up setting flag is ON, the melody sound generation stop process corresponding to the key that has been released when the key is released is performed in the above-described processing during the waiting reproduction.
If it is determined in step S64 that the waiting reproduction is not being performed, if it is determined in step S65 that the key pressing timing has passed, or if the process in step S74 or step S80 is completed, the interrupt process is terminated. Returned to the process before inclusion.

  As described above, in the electronic musical instrument 1 according to the present invention, when the user presses the key when not in the waiting mode, the sound of the pitch assigned to the key is started to sound (main processing step S12), When the key is released, the sound that is being generated with the pitch assigned to the key is stopped (main processing step S14). When the playback song is played back, normal playback of the playback song is performed in steps S61 to S63 of the interrupt process.

  Further, if the waiting mode is set to “no tempo follow-up setting”, the sound generation start allowable period (# 1 allowable time) at each note-on timing of the melody sound of the reproduction song in the interrupt processing steps S68 to S70. ) Just before the guide lamp is turned on. Here, if the user presses the key and the key is within the sound generation start allowable period and the correct key is pressed, the guide lamp is turned off and the sound of the currently guided melody sound is started. (Steps S32 to S39 of processing during waiting reproduction). Even if the key is released, the sound of the pitch assigned to the key is not stopped, and the sound is stopped at the note-off timing of the melody sound (interrupt processing steps S71 and S72). If the correct key is not pressed, the process of steps S31 to S40 of the process during the waiting reproduction is repeated until the correct key is pressed. During waiting, the count of the playback counter remains stopped at the previous clock value (interrupt processing step S65). Therefore, if the user presses the key during waiting, the key press during the allowable period (waiting playback is in progress). In the case of processing step S32), when the correct answer key is pressed, the guide lamp is turned off, and the sound of the currently guided melody sound is started (steps S33 to S39 of the processing during waiting reproduction). When the performance guide mode is set, the system waits until the correct key is pressed, and the sound generation start allowable period is set to # 1 allowable time shorter than # 2 allowable time. When you want to learn the timing to play, you will know exactly when to play.

  Furthermore, when the “tempo follow-up setting” is set in the waiting mode, the sound generation start allowable period (# 2 allowable) at each note-on timing of the melody sound of the reproduction song in the interrupt processing steps S76 to S78. The guide lamp is turned on only (time). Here, if the user presses the key and the key is within the sound generation start allowable period and the correct key is pressed, the guide lamp is turned off and the sound of the currently guided melody sound is started. (Steps S44 to S47 of processing during waiting reproduction). Also, the tempo is calculated based on the time interval between key presses that are correctly pressed and the note length of the performance data at that time, and the tempo is changed to the calculated tempo (steps S48 to S49 of the processing during waiting reproduction). ) Further, when the key is released, the sound of the pitch assigned to the key is stopped (steps S54 to S56 of the processing during the waiting reproduction). If the correct key is not pressed, the process of steps S43 to S57 of the process during the waiting reproduction is repeated until the correct key is pressed. During waiting, the count of the playback counter remains stopped at the previous clock value (interrupt processing step S65). Therefore, if the user presses the key during waiting, the key press during the allowable period (waiting playback is in progress). In the case of processing step S44), if the correct answer key is pressed, the guide lamp is turned off and the sound of the currently guided melody sound is started (steps S45 to S53 of the processing during waiting reproduction). When the performance guide mode is set, the system waits until the correct key is pressed, and the sound generation start allowable period is the # 2 allowable time longer than the # 1 allowable time. Even without it, the key played by the user can be played without being considered a mistouch.

In the electronic musical instrument of the present invention described above, it is assumed that each setting has a tempo follow-up and a tempo follow-up, but the present invention is not limited to this. good. In addition, although the change of the sound generation start allowable period is linked with the on / off of the tempo tracking setting, the present invention is not limited to this, and only the sound generation start allowable period may be changed independently. For example, a sound generation start allowable period setting switch may be provided, and each time the switch is pressed, the # 1 allowable time and the # 2 allowable time may be switched.
Moreover, although the electronic musical instrument that performs the performance guide of the present invention is a keyboard musical instrument, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to various electronic musical instruments having performance operators.
Furthermore, in the present invention, the guide function is realized by providing a guide lamp in the vicinity or inside of the keyboard. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the guide is displayed on the keyboard illustration or the score displayed on the display. Thus, the guide function may be realized by software. Further, the guide function may be realized by an external device by displaying a guide on an externally connected personal computer or displaying a guide with an externally connected musical instrument with a guide lamp.
Furthermore, as the method for setting the # 1 allowable time described above in the present invention, it is only necessary to guide at the just timing in order to acquire the correct timing, so the # 1 allowable time (Ta ′) may be zero. . However, in practice, a slight time lag occurs between the time when the user recognizes the guide lamp and the time when the user presses the sound. Also, as a method for setting the # 2 allowable time, it is better for the user to perform freely, but the # 2 allowable time should be long, but if it is too long (for example, guiding one bar or more before) You have to guide beyond the melody sound and it doesn't make sense to guide. Therefore, considering this, a reasonably long time is set as # 2 allowable time. For example, for a fast song with many 16th notes, the # 2 allowable time is set to a length equivalent to a 16th note, and for a relaxed song with many half notes and full notes, # 2 is allowed. A flexible setting method such as setting the time to a half note length may be used.

  Furthermore, the tempo calculation method according to the present invention is not limited to the tempo calculation method described above, and only for the immediately preceding sound, the key press interval is divided by the note length to determine the time length per beat, It may be used as the next data read tempo. As described above, when calculation is performed for each sound, a rapid tempo change can easily occur. Alternatively, the tempo may be calculated from the sum of performance times for several sounds. For example, when the time for playing the data for the previous bar is divided by 4, the length per beat is obtained, and this is used as the tempo of the next bar. Further, for each sound, the tempo may be accelerated by a predetermined ratio if the key is pressed earlier than the normal timing, and the tempo may be delayed by a predetermined ratio if the key is delayed. In this way, the tempo is adjusted to the right tempo for the user as the speed gradually increases or decreases.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electronic musical instrument, 10 CPU, 11 ROM, 12 RAM, 13 Timer, 14 Sound source, 15 DSP, 16 Sound system, 17 Performance operator, 18 Performance operator interface, 19 Guide lamp, 20 Guide lamp interface, 21 Setting operator , 22 Panel display, 23 Storage device, 24 buses

Claims (8)

Instructing means for instructing a performance operator to be operated to play the song in response to the playback of the song;
Tempo control means for controlling the playback tempo of the song based on the timing at which the user operates the performance operator;
Instruction timing control means for controlling the timing at which the instruction means issues an instruction to the user;
Invalidating means for invalidating the tempo control means;
With
When the tempo control means is invalidated by the invalidation means, the instruction timing set by the instruction timing control means is delayed as compared with the case where the tempo control means is valid. Electronic musical instruments.   2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the tempo control means determines a playback tempo by comparing an operation timing of the performance operator by a user with a note-on timing in a song.   The playback of the song is paused when the performance operator instructed by the instruction means is not operated by the user, and the playback of the song is resumed when the performance operator is operated by the user. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1 or 2. Instructing means for instructing a performance operator to be operated to play the song in response to the playback of the song;
Tempo control means for controlling the playback tempo of the song based on the timing at which the user operates the performance operator;
Instruction timing control means for controlling the timing at which the instruction means issues an instruction to the user;
Invalidating means for invalidating the tempo control means ;
With
The musical tone that is being sounded in the song is ended according to the end of the operation of the performance operator by the user, the note-off data in the song is ignored, and the tempo control means is invalidated by the invalidating means. In this case, the electronic musical instrument is characterized in that the musical tone being sounded in the song ends with the note-off data in the song. 5. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 4, wherein the tempo control means determines a playback tempo by comparing an operation timing of the performance operator by a user with a note-on timing in a song. The playback of the song is paused when the performance operator instructed by the instruction means is not operated by the user, and the playback of the song is resumed when the performance operator is operated by the user. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 4 or 5. On the computer,
An instruction function for instructing a performance operator to be operated to play the song in response to the playback of the song;
A tempo control function for controlling the playback tempo of the song based on the timing at which the user operates the performance operator;
An instruction timing control function for controlling the timing at which the instruction function issues an instruction to the user;
An invalidation function for invalidating the tempo control function;
It allowed to realize,
When the tempo control function is invalidated by the invalidation function, the instruction timing set by the instruction timing control function is delayed as compared with the case where the tempo control function is valid. program. On the computer,
An instruction function for instructing a performance operator to be operated to play the song in response to the playback of the song;
A tempo control function for controlling the playback tempo of the song based on the timing at which the user operates the performance operator;
An instruction timing control function for controlling the timing at which the instruction function issues an instruction to the user;
An invalidation function for invalidating the tempo control function;
To realize
The musical tone that is sounding in the song ends when the user completes the operation of the performance operator, ignores the note-off data in the song, and the tempo control function is disabled by the invalidation function. A musical tone that is sounding in the song ends with the note-off data in the song.

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