JP5903237B2 - Synthetic floor structure and fireproof structure and method for constructing synthetic floor structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a synthetic floor structure and a refractory structure, and a method for constructing a synthetic floor structure.

  In recent years, attempts have been made to actively incorporate wooden materials that make the woods feel warm as the internal structure of the refractory structure. For example, in the refractory structure of Patent Document 1, as a pillar material and a beam material, a flame stop layer around a core material (load support layer) for supporting a long-term load (fixed load and load load) in a cross section viewed from the longitudinal direction. And a wood structure member having a multiple structure in which the periphery of the flame-stopping layer is surrounded by a burning allowance layer having lower thermal inertia (easy to burn) (Patent Document 1).

Patent No. 4292119 JP-A-7-026650 JP2001-069855 JP-A-10-299145

  As with pillars, etc., it would be convenient if the floor of the refractory material was covered with wood. Could not be found.

  As a synthetic floor structure other than wooden, a stainless steel deck plate with studs raised from the top is placed on a plurality of parallel receiving beams, and a stainless steel deck plate is placed between the plates. It is known that a concrete is poured into the concrete, a stud is buried therein, a stud is embedded therein, and the receiving beam is removed after the concrete is hardened (Patent Document 2).

  There is no problem if a wood-like composite floor structure can be realized by replacing the plate material and deck plate with wood in the configuration of Patent Document 2, but in the case of wood, technical problems that differ from stainless steel and the like. There is a point.

  In other words, wood is a material that expands when it absorbs moisture, or shrinks when dried, and has a different deformation pattern from concrete that shrinks almost unidirectionally after curing. Ordinary wooden formwork is dismantled after the concrete is hardened, so deformation of the wood is hardly a problem, but when leaving a part of the formwork as a finishing material, for example, the wood that has absorbed water when placing the concrete is used. Subsequent drying may cause shrinkage, cracking, or distortion.

  Therefore, the applicant has come to recognize that it is necessary to apply waterproofing / insulation technology between concrete in order to leave the bottom plate of the wooden formwork as an interior material. As a waterproof technology, a roof garden is constructed on the ceiling of the building via a waterproof layer (Patent Document 3). As an insulation technology, insulating materials such as plastic sheets and plywood are laid on the improved ground. In addition, a reverse placement method in which concrete is placed thereon (Patent Document 4) is known. However, these have different uses from the present invention, and do not suggest that waterproofing / insulation is applied when the bottom plate of the wooden formwork is used as the interior material.

A first object of the present invention is to provide a synthetic floor structure that can feel the warmth of wood while ensuring fire resistance.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a synthetic floor structure that is less likely to cause distortion of wood using concrete and wood as main components.
The third object of the present invention is to provide a synthetic floor structure and a construction method thereof that can reduce the cost by leaving a part of the wood used for placing the floor slab as a floor finish.
A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a refractory structure that includes the above composite floor structure and that employs a multiple-type composite wooden member as its beam material.

The first means is a synthetic floor structure,
Support means including at least beam members arranged along the bottom surface of the floor slab placing area;
A wooden decorative board connected to the support means and forming the lower surface of the floor slab placing area;
It comprises a floor slab formed by driving concrete onto this decorative board,
A moisture-proof layer is interposed between the floor slab and the facing surface of the decorative board ,
The support means includes a plurality of joists supported by the beam material and arranged in parallel at substantially regular intervals over the entire lower surface of the decorative board, and the upper surfaces of the joists are applied to the lower surface of the decorative board. Touching,
A plurality of fixing rods penetrating the moisture-proof layer and driving the lower half into the joists and having the upper half embedded in the floor slab;
And the floor slab is a reinforced concrete slab,
A clearance is formed between the entire outer peripheral surface of the fixing bar and the facing surface of the decorative board, and the moisture-proof layer is an insulating sheet that allows the decorative board to be displaced with respect to the floor slab .

  This means proposes a composite floor structure in which a floor slab 24 is formed on a wooden decorative board 18 placed on a beam as shown in FIG. Since the decorative board 18 is made of wood, a wood-like interior is obtained and the decorative board 18 forms the bottom surface of the floor slab placing area A (see FIG. 12), so that building materials can be saved. Since the moisture-proof layer 20 is formed between the decorative board 18 and the floor slab 24, deformation of the decorative board due to moisture absorption can be suppressed, and cracks and the like can be avoided. The floor slab placing area A is an area where concrete is placed at once, and is a space corresponding to the inside of the formwork. The floor slab and the supporting means (beam or joist) for supporting the floor slab can be integrated in the in-plane direction by a fixing rod described later.

In this means, the moisture-proof layer 20 between the floor slab 24 and the decorative board 18 is formed on the insulating sheet. This is because wood is a material that expands and contracts due to a change in moisture content, and its behavior is different from concrete that contracts almost unidirectionally. That is, even if the moisture-proof layer 20 prevents water absorption of the decorative board 18, if it is sufficiently dry wood, it will repeatedly expand and contract due to changes in indoor humidity, and if it is not insulated against concrete, distortion and cracking will occur Because you get. The insulating sheet can be formed of an elastic material.

In this means, a plurality of joists 16 are brought into contact with the lower surface of the decorative board 18 as shown in FIG. One of the functions of the joist is a decorative plate reinforcing means in the floor slab placing operation shown in FIG. This is because the decorative board is deformed by the weight of fluid concrete. Other operations will be described later. The first beam material is a so-called large beam. “The end of the joist is indirectly supported by the first beam material” includes a structure in which the first beam material (large beam) supports the second beam material (small beam) and the second beam material supports the joist. .

Further, in this means, as shown in FIG. 3, it is proposed that the lower half portion 22a of the fixing rod 22 is driven into the joist 16 and the upper half portion 22b of the fixing rod 22 is embedded in the floor slab 24 made of reinforced concrete. ing. With this fixing rod 22, the floor slab 24 and joists 16 are integrated with the in-plane direction force (earthquake force, etc.), and the rigidity of the joists 16 is added to the rigidity of the reinforced concrete composing the floor slabs. ing. This prevents vibration and long-term deflection.

In addition, this means proposes that a constant clearance C be formed between the entire outer peripheral surface of the fixing bar 22 and the decorative plate 18 as shown in FIG. Even if the wooden decorative board 18 is deformed by moisture absorption and drying, there is a clearance C, so that the deformation is not hindered.

Second means, and synthetic floor structure according to the first aspect, a refractory structure comprising a refractory pillars supporting the synthetic floor structure,
The support means, as the beam material, is constructed so as to cross the floor slab placing area supported by the first beam material arranged in the periphery of the floor slab placing area and the first beam material. Second beam material ,
Both ends of the joists are connected to either the first beam material or the second beam material,
The floor slab extends over the entire area for placing the floor slab via the second beam.
These beams have a core material to support the load of the floor slab. Of the peripheral surface of this core material, the surface in contact with the floor slab is the floor slab, and the remaining peripheral surface part is more in thermal inertia than the core material. Is covered with a low wood burning allowance.

  In this means, a fireproof structure including a fireproof pillar and having a synthetic floor structure excellent in fire resistance is proposed. That is, the beam material has a multiple structure with high fire resistance (a structure in which a part of the surface of the core material is covered with a burn-in layer) (see FIG. 16). Further, it is desirable that the floor slab can support at least a fixed load of the floor (a long-term load including the loaded load when the loaded load can be assumed). This is to ensure support even if wood parts such as joists are lost during a fire.

The third means includes the second means, and a flame stop layer is interposed between the core material and the burn allowance layer, and the distance from the flame stop layer is between the floor slab and the burn allowance layer. The side edge part of the decorative board is plunged and the end surface of this side edge part is covered with a water-stopping material.

  As shown in FIG. 16, this means proposes a configuration in which a flame stop layer 44 is interposed between a core material 40 of a beam material and a burn allowance layer 46. A decorative board 18 is inserted between the burning allowance layer 46 and the floor slab 24. When the decorative board 18 enters between the floor slab 24 and the flame-stopping layer 44, the fire enters from there, so that it is separated from the flame-stopping layer.

The fourth means has the second means, and has a flame stop layer interposed between the lower surface and the left and right side surfaces of the core material and the corresponding surface of the burn allowance layer, and an upper surface of the flame stop layer. The top surface of the surrounding edge provided on the side surface of the side plate of the decorative plate adjacent to the side surface of the first beam material or the second beam material, with the top surface of the burning allowance layer and the top surface of the moisture-proof layer being substantially flush with each other The side end portion of the decorative material is locked.

  As shown in FIG. 18, this means is such that the side edge of the decorative plate 18 is adjacent to the side surface of the beam material, and the side edge of the decorative plate 18 is locked to the upper surface of the peripheral edge 28 attached to this side surface. Yes.

The fifth means is a method of constructing a composite floor structure in a floor slab placing area surrounded by vertical members and beams of a building,
The synthetic floor structure includes at least support means including beam members arranged along the bottom surface of the floor slab placement area, and a wooden decorative plate connected to the support means and forming the bottom surface of the floor slab placement area. And a floor slab formed by pouring concrete on the decorative board, and a moisture-proof layer is interposed between the floor slab and the facing surface of the decorative board ,
A first step of disposing a wooden board, which forms the bottom surface of the floor slab placement area connected to the side surface, on the beam material, with the surface of the vertical member as the side surface of the floor slab placement area;
A second step of forming a moisture-proof layer on at least the wooden board;
It consists of a third step of placing concrete on this moisture barrier,
After the concrete has hardened, it is used as a decorative board without removing the wooden board.

This means proposes a method for constructing a composite floor structure. As described above, it is the subject of the present invention that the wooden board forming the bottom surface of the floor slab placing area is reused as a decorative board. In this unit uses a surface of the uprights of the building as a side A ₁ of the floor slab hitting設用area. Here, the vertical member means, for example, a column member, a wall member, or a parapet side wall surface.

The sixth means includes the fifth means, and instead of all or part of the vertical member surrounding the floor slab placing area, in the first step, the side surface of the floor slab placing area Temporarily install the side plate to form
The side plate is removed after the concrete has hardened.

  In this means, as shown in FIG. 13, a side plate (form plate side plate M) is used in place of all or part of the vertical member. This side plate is not part of the composite floor structure.

The seventh means includes the fifth means or the sixth means, and in the second step, a moisture-proof layer is formed from the upper surface of the wooden board along the side surface of the floor slab placing area. And
The moisture-proof layer has an extended portion that rises along the peripheral surface of the floor slab after the concrete is cured.

  This means is configured such that the moisture-proof layer 20 has an extended portion 20a that rises along the side surface of the floor slab placing area as shown in FIG.

The eighth means includes any one of the fifth means to the seventh means, and a plurality of wooden joists are joined to the beam material before the first step,
In the first step, the wooden plate is disposed on the beam material and the wooden joists,
It is characterized by leaving the wooden joists without finishing after the concrete has hardened.

  This means is a method for constructing a composite floor slab and includes a step of assembling the joists 16 to a beam material.

According to the invention relating to the first means, the fifth means, and the sixth means, since the moisture-proof layer is interposed between the floor slab and the facing surface of the decorative board, the moisture absorption of the decorative board is suppressed, and the makeup is applied. In addition to reducing the distortion of the plate, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of stains due to the groin from the concrete.
According to the invention according to the first aspect, since the moisture barrier also serves as an insulating sheet, thereby preventing the distortion and cracking of veneer due to the difference in the deformation of how the concrete and wood.
Further , according to the invention relating to the first means, the support means includes a plurality of joists arranged in parallel at regular intervals, so that the weight of the concrete can be evenly supported.
According to the invention according to the first means, because I and joists and floor slabs are integrated in the plane direction by the fixed bars, the rigidity of the wooden joists by adding to the rigidity of the concrete floor slab, the whole floor This improves the rigidity of the floor and contributes to the prevention of floor vibration and the suppression of long-term floor deflection.
Further , according to the first aspect of the invention, since the clearance is provided between the entire outer peripheral surface of the fixing bar and the facing surface of the decorative plate, the degree of freedom for deformation of the wooden decorative plate is increased.
According to the invention relating to the second means, since the beam material is formed with a floor slab on one side of the core material and a burning allowance layer on the other side, the supporting force is maintained for a time corresponding to the size of the burning allowance. it can.
According to the invention relating to the third means, the side edge portion of the decorative board can be accommodated between the floor slab and the burning allowance layer without hindering the function of the burning stop layer, and the water stoppage can be secured. .
According to the invention relating to the fourth means, since the upper surfaces of the burn-in stop layer, the burn-in allowance layer, and the moisture-proof layer are substantially flush, the water stop at the end of the decorative board can be omitted.
According to the invention according to the fifth means, without dismantling the decorative board used as a mold after hardening concrete, the lower surface can be a finished surface, and according to the invention according to the twelfth means, Wooden joists can be left as a finishing material. In addition, the effect compared with the construction method of the conventional floor structure is described in the column (paragraphs 0069-0070) of embodiment of the invention mentioned later.
According to the sixth aspect of the invention, since the moisture-proof layer has the extended portion that rises along the peripheral surface of the floor slab, moisture-proofing of the decorative board becomes more reliable.

It is a longitudinal section of a refractory structure including a synthetic floor structure concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is the floor plan seen from the II-II direction which cuts and shows the floor slab of the synthetic floor structure of FIG. It is the fragmentary longitudinal cross-sectional view which looked at the synthetic floor structure of FIG. 2 in the III-III direction. FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view in the IV-IV direction of FIG. 3. It is a figure which shows the modification of the principal part of FIG. It is the fragmentary longitudinal cross-sectional view which looked at the synthetic floor structure of FIG. 2 in the IV-IV direction. It is the fragmentary longitudinal cross-sectional view which looked at the synthetic floor structure of FIG. 2 in the VV direction. It is the fragmentary longitudinal cross-sectional view which looked at the synthetic floor structure of FIG. 2 in the VI-VI direction. It is a perspective view of the member (beam) corresponding to the part of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the modification of the part of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the further another modification of the part of FIG. It is a figure explaining the procedure of construction | assembly of the synthetic floor structure of FIG. It is a figure which shows the construction example of the modification of the synthetic floor structure of FIG. It is a figure which shows the other construction example of the synthetic floor structure of FIG. It is a figure which shows the effect | action of the synthetic floor structure of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part of the refractory structure containing the synthetic floor structure concerning 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the principal part of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the modification of the principal part of FIG.

  1 to 15 show a structure 2 including a synthetic floor structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Although this structure is preferably a fireproof structure, the fireproof structure other than the floor slab will be described in a second embodiment to be described later for convenience of explanation.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the structure 2 includes a column 4 standing from a foundation, a composite floor structure 10 including a beam 12 supported by the column 4, and an outer wall 6 supported by the beam and the column.

  Here, if the pillar 4, the beam material 12, and the outer wall 6 which are the main structural parts of the fireproof building 2 have a predetermined fireproof performance as the main structural part of the fireproof building prescribed in the Building Standard Law, for example, Any structure such as a reinforced concrete structure, a steel structure, a steel reinforced concrete structure, a precast concrete structure, or a wooden structure can be used. That is, the synthetic floor structure 10 according to the present embodiment of the present invention can be applied to any structure as long as it has a predetermined fire resistance. The pillar 4 may be a wooden pillar or a synthetic pillar in which a non-wood (made of metal, reinforced concrete, etc.) core material is surrounded by a material that looks like wood or wood. Further, the beam member 12 is preferably a wooden beam or a synthetic beam in which a non-wood (made of metal, reinforced concrete, etc.) core material is surrounded by a material that looks like wood or wood.

  The structure 2 is constructed as a building having a plurality of floors, and the composite floor structure 10 of the present invention is adopted as a floor structure other than the lowest floor. This is because it features a wooden finish when looking up from the lower floor. For this reason, even a building having an underground floor can be adopted even when there is an underground floor (that is, corresponding to the ceiling of the floor) viewed from the lower floor.

  The synthetic floor structure 10 includes a supporting means 11, a decorative board 18, a moisture-proof layer 20, a fixing rod 22, and a floor slab 24.

  The support means 11 is composed of a beam member 12 and a joist 16 in this embodiment. In a preferred illustrated example, as shown in FIG. 2, a first beam member 12 a that is a large beam is installed between columns 4. The first beam member 12a extends in the first direction (left-right direction in the drawing) or the second direction (up-down direction in the drawing), and is a small beam between the first beam members 12a parallel to the first direction. The second beam member 12b is installed. A joist 16 is installed between the first beam member and the second beam member extending in the second direction or between the second beam members.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the first beam member 12a and the second beam member 12b extending in the second direction are provided with notches 14 for fitting the joist 16 as shown in FIG.

  The plurality of joists 16 are provided to cover the entire floor slab placing area A. The upper surfaces of the plurality of joists 16 are formed flush with each other, and a decorative plate 18 described later can be placed on the upper surfaces. Note that the joists 16 can be omitted according to the interval between the second beam members 12b.

  These joists 16 are wooden cross members, which serve as a support for supporting the decorative panel 18 when used as a formwork and a means for reinforcing the floor slab 24. It is desirable to have a strength that can prevent the above. The joist 16 shown in the figure has a vertically long cross-sectional shape for securing strength, and is formed of a relatively light and hard cedar material. These shapes and materials can be changed as appropriate.

  In the present specification, “wood” includes not only ordinary solid wood, but also wood boards, wood wool boards, and the like obtained by solidifying pieces of wood. This is because it is only necessary to present a wood-like interior. Moreover, what is necessary is just to select wood within the range of a market distribution product. Moreover, the thing which combined the wood from which a property differs like patent document 1 in multiple structures, and other wooden materials which have fireproof performance are included. This will be described later.

  The decorative board 18 is placed on the upper surface of the joist 16. The decorative board 18 is made of wood, and can be, for example, plywood. The decorative plate 18 also serves as a bottom plate of a concrete mold, and has a strength capable of supporting at least the concrete filled in the mold during the curing period.

Moisture-proof layer 20 covers the entire top surface of at least the decorative plate 18, further, it is desirable to have an extension 20a that rises along the side surface A ₁ of the floor slab hitting設用area A as shown in FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 30 denotes a face tree. This is mainly to prevent moisture from being released to the decorative board 18 side during the curing period of the concrete and corroding or deforming the part. Further, it is possible to prevent the appearance of the decorative board 18 from being damaged by a stain that occurs when the decorative board 18 absorbs water or a leak that leaks from the joint gap of the decorative mold.

  As the material for the moisture-proof layer 20, a vulcanized rubber sheet, a non-vulcanized rubber sheet, a vinyl chloride resin sheet, an ethylene vinyl acetate resin sheet, a thermoplastic elastomer sheet, and the like are suitable. Note that the moisture-proof layer 20 is preferably a sheet material that can be easily laid out from work efficiency, but is not limited to a sheet, and may be, for example, an amorphous moisture-proof agent.

  The form of the moisture-proof layer 20 is preferably a single sheet that covers the entire inner surface of the floor slab placement area A, but a mode in which a plurality of sheets are spread without gaps is also within the technical scope of the present invention. Not excluded.

  It is preferable that the moisture-proof layer 20 also serves as an insulating sheet that enables deformation of the decorative plate 18 with respect to the floor slab 24. The insulating sheet of Patent Document 4 described above has been used to separate the part corresponding to the formwork (improved ground) from the concrete floor board, but the insulating sheet of the present application, conversely, part of the formwork along the floor slab. Assuming that it is left untouched, it demonstrates the function of preventing the occurrence of cracks by escaping the deformation difference from the hardened concrete wood.

  Here's why we need these features. The long-term drying shrinkage of concrete is generally around 0.08%. On the other hand, the expansion / contraction rate per 1% change in moisture content of wood is about 0.02% in the case of lauan plywood with a thickness of 6mm and a composition ratio of 0.57 as used for a decorative board. It is said to be about 0.01% in the axial direction (about 0.1% in the radial direction and about 0.3% in the tangential direction), and the moisture content of the wood in the air-dried state is about 15%.

  As mentioned above, when the wood absorbs water during the concrete placing operation and shrinks due to subsequent drying, the drying in the winter and the expansion in the rainy season are repeated even when the air is kept dry during the above operation. Alone, it is expected to produce deformations different from concrete. Therefore, the concrete floor slab and the wooden decorative board 18 are insulated.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the lower half portion 22 a of the fixing rod 22 penetrates the decorative board 18 and the moisture-proof layer 20 and is driven into the joist 16. The upper half 22b of the fixed rod 22 is left in the floor slab placement area A, and concrete is placed in the floor slab placement area A so that the upper half 22b of the fixed rod 22 is placed in the floor slab 24. Is embedded. The upper end of the fixing rod 22 is formed in the large diameter portion.

  The fixing rod 22 joins the floor slab 24 to the joists 16 and the decorative plate 18 so that the integrity is not impaired against horizontal external force such as seismic force. By integrating them, the vertical stiffness of the joist is added more effectively to the vertical stiffness of the reinforced concrete constituting the floor slab 24 to prevent floor vibration and long-term deflection. In the case where there is no fixing rod 22, there is no shear resistance due to the dowel effect of the fixing rod 22 at the joint surface between the reinforced concrete and joists of the floor slab, and the effect of adding the vertical rigidity of both is somewhat reduced. However, even if there is no fixing rod, the effect of adding the vertical rigidity is not lost, so that the fixing rod can be omitted.

  In the preferred illustrated example, the fixing rod 22 is a hardware (a so-called lag screw bolt) having a threaded portion in the lower half 22a and having a large diameter portion on the upper end side having a nut shape. The lower half portion 22a of the fixing rod 22 is formed so as to be screwed into the joists 16 that are wood. The fixing rod 22 is not limited to the lag screw bolt, as long as the head is embedded in the floor slab 24 and the neck extending from the head penetrates the moisture-proof layer 20 and the decorative plate 18 and can be combined with the joist 16, It can be formed of any member.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, a certain clearance C is provided between the outer peripheral surface of the fixing bar 22 and the decorative plate 18. In order to do this, the decorative plate 18 may be provided with insertion holes 19 having a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the fixing rod 22 at regular intervals, and the fixing rod 22 may be driven into the insertion hole 19. Clearance C is the deformation margin of the decorative board and can be set as [Distance between fixed bars] x [Deformation rate of wood per 1% moisture content] x [Change in moisture content of wood per year] In general, however, it is sufficient if the thickness is about 2 mm. Note that if the fixing bar 22 penetrates the decorative plate 18 without taking the clearance C, the through-hole may become large due to the deformation of the decorative plate 18 for many years. Inconvenient.

  Since the upper part of the clearance C is covered with the moisture-proof layer 20, no moisture flows into the clearance C. As a preferred example, as shown in FIG. 5, a water-stop cylindrical packing 23 may be fitted to the fixing rod 22 above the moisture-proof layer 20. Further, a moisture proofing agent may be applied to a portion where the fixing rod 22 penetrates the moisture proof layer 20. At this time, the moisture-proof layer 20 can be formed of a simple material such as an elastic soft vinyl chloride resin sheet.

  The floor slab 24 is formed by driving concrete into the floor slab placement area. In the floor slab 24, the upper half 22b of the fixing rod 22 is embedded. In the floor slab 24, reinforcing bars 26a and 26b are arranged. The floor slab 24 is desirably strong enough to support a long-term load.

The thickness D of the floor slab 24 in the illustrated example is smaller than the vertical length H of the joists 16. This is to increase the rigidity of joist 16 to reduce the amount of concrete used. By reducing the amount of concrete used and increasing the amount of wood material, it is also possible to suppress CO ₂ emissions during the concrete production process.

  As a preferred embodiment, the thickness D and the amount of reinforcing bars of the floor slab 24 are made as small as possible within a range that ensures the fire resistance performance for a predetermined time (usually 1 hour), and in terms of deflection and environmental vibration, the composite floor structure is used. It is better to make up for the lack of performance with wooden materials such as joists 16 and decorative panels 18. By doing in this way, the weight of the whole synthetic floor slab structure can also be reduced. According to the applicant's trial calculation, by setting the thickness of the floor slab to about 120 mm, the fire resistance standard in the Building Standard Law can be sufficiently satisfied. Furthermore, if the floor slab thickness D is 120mm, the joist's vertical height H is 300mm, and the joist width W is 100mm, it is about 10% of the deck slab with a thickness of 150mm including the floor slab and steel plate deck. Weight reduction is possible.

  Hereinafter, the relationship between the joist 16 and the decorative plate 18 and the beam material will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 6 shows a portion where the end portion of the decorative board 18 and the outer wall 6 are adjacent to each other. A peripheral edge 28 is provided continuously to the side surface of the first beam member 12 a disposed along the outer wall 6, and the end of the decorative plate 18 is placed on the peripheral edge 28. In the illustrated example, the outer wall 6 also serves as a side plate of the formwork, and the outer peripheral portion of the sheet, which is the moisture-proof layer 20, is bent at the corner between the decorative plate 18 and the outer wall 6 and extends upward. Forming. However, this configuration can be changed as appropriate.

  FIG. 7 shows a joint portion between the joist 16 and the second beam member 12b as a cross section passing through the joint portion, and FIG. 8 shows a cross section of the joint portion as seen from a slightly separated place. . The second beam member 12b has the above-mentioned notch 14 at the upper part of both side surfaces as a joist receiving material, and an end 16e of the joist 16 is fitted into the notch 14. Unlike the illustrated example, the decorative plate 18 is interposed between the moisture-proof layer 20 and the upper surface of the beam, and the lower half of the fixing bar 22 is fixed to the beam material (second beam material via the decorative plate 18 and the moisture-proof layer 20. (It may be any of the first beam members).

  In the illustrated example, as shown in FIG. 8, shallow cuts 15 are formed on both sides of the upper surface of the second beam member 12 b, and the end of the decorative plate 18 is embedded in the cuts 15. Further, the moisture-proof layer 20 continuously extends to the upper surfaces of the two adjacent second beam members 12b through the upper surface of the second beam member 12b. This is to prevent the ready-mixed concrete from flowing down from the gap between the decorative plate 18 and the second beam member 12b in the concrete placing operation. The upper surfaces of the decorative plate 18 and the second beam member 12b shown in the figure are formed flush with each other. These structures can also be applied to the first beam member 12a.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the floor slab 24 is continuous on both sides through the upper surface of the second beam member 12b.

  FIG. 10 shows a modification of FIGS. In this configuration, the peripheral edge 28 is attached to the upper side surface of the second beam member 12 b, and the decorative plate 18 is locked on the peripheral edge 28.

  FIG. 11 shows still another modification of FIGS. In this configuration, the second beam member 12b is made of precast concrete, and the second beam member 12b is supported by the anchor bolt 35 or the like on the side beam upper portion of the second beam member 12b. A decorative beam is attached to the material 12b, and the surrounding edges 28 and both side surfaces and the lower surface of the second beam material 12b are surrounded by wood or a material that looks like wood (for example, decorative wood 36). In the figure, reference numeral 37 denotes a trunk edge. The decorative plate 18 is locked on the peripheral edge 28, and the upper surface of the second beam member 12b is in contact with the floor slab 24. In the illustrated example, the second beam member 12b is precast concrete that is separate from the floor slab 24. However, the second beam member 12b may be placed on site as a reinforced concrete unit integrated with the floor slab 24. These structures can also be applied to the first beam member 12a. The joist support 34 is made of wood or metal.

Next, the manufacturing procedure of the synthetic floor structure of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
(1) As shown in FIG. 12A, a plurality of joists 16 are installed between the beam members 12 at regular intervals. Compared to the conventional formwork construction method, the procedure for constructing a support for supporting the bottom plate of the formwork, which is indicated by an imaginary line in FIG. Then, a decorative board 18 is placed on the joists 16. Peripheral end of the decorative plate 18 is butted to the side surface A ₁ of the floor slab hitting set area A. This aspect A ₁ may be a part of the refractory structure 2 (for example, the inner surface and the building surface of the inner wall of the outer wall 6).
(2) then laying the moisture-proof layer 20 over the upper surface of the decorative plate 18, as shown in FIG. 12 (B) on the sides A ₁ of the floor slab hitting set area A. Then, the moisture barrier layer 20 and the decorative plate 18 are penetrated, and the lower half of the fixing rod 22 is driven into the joist 16. This completes the concrete formwork.
(3) Next, rebars 26a and 26b are placed in the floor slab placement area A, and concrete is poured. Then, the concrete is cured, and when the curing period ends, the decorative board 18 and the joists 16 are left as they are and finished.

  Thus, according to the method of the present invention, the bottom surface can be used as a finished surface without disassembling the decorative board used as a mold after the concrete is hardened. Here, in the construction method of the floor structure using the conventional wooden formwork, the process of dismantling the wooden formwork used as the formwork after concrete hardening is included. In this process, for example, when a floor structure on the second floor (that corresponds to the ceiling on the first floor) is constructed, the wooden form attached to the ceiling is peeled off from the first floor. For this reason, when the floor structure of the second floor is constructed, finishing work on the first floor cannot be started until the wooden formwork is dismantled. That is, in the conventional construction method of a floor structure using a wooden formwork, it usually takes about 4 weeks for the concrete to harden. Therefore, after placing concrete on the floor of a certain floor, it is one week below a certain floor for 4 weeks. I couldn't finish the floor. However, according to the ninth aspect of the invention, since the decorative board is not disassembled, finishing work can be started without waiting for disassembly, so the construction period can be shortened.

  Further, the method of the present invention leaves the wooden joists as a finishing material without dismantling them. In a conventional method for constructing a floor structure, a joist that supports a wooden formwork, which is a concrete formwork, is premised to be demolished after the concrete is hardened, and thus is not coupled to a support means for a building. For this reason, for example, when constructing a floor structure on the second floor, a support work is installed on the floor of the first floor, a large pull is installed on the support work, and a joist is installed on the large pull. Then, after the concrete is hardened, the supporting work, the large pull and the joist are dismantled and carried out of the building. That is, in the conventional method for constructing a floor structure using a wooden formwork, a support work, a large pull and a joist that are supposed to be finally dismantled and carried out are installed and carried out. However, according to the present invention in which the joist is left as the finishing material, the joist is joined to the support means of the building, and the concrete is cast and used as it is as the finishing material, so it is assumed that it will eventually be dismantled and carried out. Because it does not install and carry out the materials, the labor can be greatly reduced.

  FIG. 13 shows a modification of the manufacturing procedure of the synthetic floor structure of the present invention. In this example, instead of a part of the refractory structure, a mold side plate M supported on the refractory structure via the holding material N is used, and this inner surface is made a part of the mold.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 2A, concrete is placed in the mold using the side plate M as a part of the mold. After the concrete is hardened, the side plate M and the holding material N are removed as shown in FIG. This side plate M is not part of the composite floor structure. The side plate M is preferably made of wood or metal.

  FIG. 14 shows still another modification of the procedure of FIG. In this example, the side plate M is fixed by holding means (not shown) so that the side plate M stands up from the upper surface of the peripheral edge 28.

  According to the above configuration, since the moisture-proof layer 20 is provided on the decorative board 18 during the concrete placing operation, the decorative board 18 is prevented from being deformed by absorbing moisture from the liquid concrete. . After the concrete is hardened, the wooden decorative board 18, joists 16, and the second beam member 12b are also dried by, for example, drying of indoor air, and contracted and deformed as shown in FIG. 15, for example. The figure shows a form in which the joists 16 and the second beam members 12b are contracted and deformed in the directions of the arrows, respectively, and the deformation amount is emphasized for the convenience of drawing. However, since the moisture-proof layer 20 acts as an insulating sheet, the occurrence of cracks and the like on the decorative board 18 can be greatly reduced.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, the structure is a fireproof structure. 16-18 has shown only the junction part of a floor slab and the 2nd beam material 12b, The drawing and text of 1st Embodiment are used about other structures.

  In this embodiment, the pillar 4 is a fireproof pillar. The refractory column may be made of reinforced concrete, but as described in Patent Document 1, it may be a composite wooden member having a multiple structure in which the core material supporting the load is surrounded by a burning stop layer and a burning allowance layer. The explanation of the core material, the flame stop layer, and the burning allowance layer will be made together with the explanation of the beam material. Note that when the burning allowance layer is sufficiently thick, the burning stop layer may be omitted.

  The beam 12 is also composed of the core material 40, the flame stop layer 44, and the burn allowance layer 46, but the upper side of the core material 40 is covered with the floor slab 24 by omitting the burn stop layer 44 and the burn allowance layer 46. doing.

  The illustrated core member 40 has a quadrangular shape, but its structure can be changed as appropriate. A wood burning allowance layer 46 having a concave cross section is arranged on the lower surface and both side surfaces of the core material 40, and a wooden flame stop layer 44 is arranged between the core material 40 and the burning allowance layer 46. ing.

  First, the properties of the core material 40, the flame stop layer 44, and the burn allowance layer 46 will be described as conventionally known matters.

  The core member 40 is a member that supports at least a fixed load on the floor (preferably a long-term load). The core member 40 can be configured as a single member or a member obtained by joining a large number of single members with an adhesive. The core material may be formed of wood, but may be formed of other members.

The flame stop layer 44 is made of a material having higher thermal inertia than the burnup layer 46. When the thermal conductivity of the material is k, the density is ρ, and the specific heat is c, the thermal inertia is expressed by the square root (kρc) ^1/2 of the product of the thermal conductivity, the density and the specific heat. The thermal inertia may be adjusted by changing any of thermal conductivity, density, and specific heat. The thermal conductivity is adjusted by changing the fiber direction, and the density is adjusted by selecting tree species, compressing, and injecting a density adjusting agent. When adjusting by density, it is desirable that the density ratio is 1.3 or more. As low-density wood, balsa (200), drill (300), and cedar (310) are known, and as high-density wood, beehive (510), bay pine (550), wig (550), etc. Are known. The value in parentheses is the density (kg / m ³ ).

  The burning allowance layer 46 has a function of becoming a carbonized layer by combustion and covering the burning stop layer 44. Although a pyrolysis layer is formed between the carbonized layer and the unburned wood portion, the thicker the carbonized layer, the slower the inflow of heat and the longer the combustion takes. The thickness of the burning allowance layer 46 can be determined from the carbonization rate at the time of fire and the required fire resistance time.

  The flame stop layer 44 and the burn allowance layer 46 can be formed in a shape along the periphery of the core material 40 by bonding a plurality of single materials with an adhesive. Further, the core material 40 and the flame stop layer 44, and the flame stop layer 44 and the burn allowance layer 46 may be appropriately connected with an adhesive or the like.

  In the present invention, the floor slab 24 made of reinforced concrete is placed on the surface of the core member 40 without the flame stop layer 44 and the burn allowance layer 46 interposed. This is because fire resistance can be secured by covering the upper surface of the core material 40 with concrete. In addition, if the burning allowance layer 46 is interposed between the core member 40 and the floor slab 24, there arises a problem that it is difficult to select the tree species of the burning allowance layer 46. As described above, it is desirable that the burning allowance layer 46 has a low density. However, since the low density material generally has a low strength, it may not be able to support the load of the floor slab. Although the illustrated beam material is a small beam (second beam material 12b), a similar structure can be applied to a large beam.

  An uneven portion 42 is provided on the upper surface of the core member 40 and is engaged with the floor slab 24. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the relative movement of the floor slab in the horizontal direction. Further, the side edges of the decorative board 18 and the moisture-proof layer 20 are sandwiched between the burning allowance layer 46 and the floor slab 24. It is assumed that a distance d is provided between the side end face of the decorative plate 18 and the flame stop layer 44 as shown in FIG. This is so that the fireproof performance can be fully exhibited.

  Further, a water stop material 32 is applied to the end face of the decorative board 18. The water-stopping material 32 is an adhesive tape (base material) as long as it is a material that can prevent moisture and nose from seeping into the decorative plate 18 from the time the concrete is placed on the floor slab to the time it hardens. May be simple means such as craft, polypropylene, or cloth) or a coating type moisture-proofing agent, and an irregular seal is also suitable. Rather, the moisture-proof layer 20 is required to have a function as an insulating sheet.

  FIG. 18 shows a modification of the present embodiment. In the present embodiment, a peripheral edge 28 is provided on the side surface of the beam member, and the end portions of the decorative plate 18 and the moisture-proof layer 20 are locked on the peripheral edge 28. In the present modification, the upper surfaces of the burn-out stop layer 44, the burn-in allowance layer 46, and the moisture-proof layer 20 are flush with each other (in other words, the same height). According to this configuration, the decorative plate 18 can be processed and placed along the side surface in the material length direction of the burning allowance layer 46, so that the operation can be simplified.

  In addition, the moisture-proof layer 20 in the illustrated example terminates in front of the burn-off layer 46 together with the decorative plate 18, but extends inward from the end of the decorative plate 18 to form the flame-stopping layer 44 and the burn-off layer 46. It may be terminated at the boundary.

  In addition, the above embodiment is a suitable example of this invention, and unless it contradicts the property of this invention, it does not prevent changing the specific structure. In particular, the explanation regarding the type, shape, etc. of the material is given as a specific example for helping the understanding of the invention unless it is essential to the present invention because of its action and function.

  For example, in the present embodiment, the joist 16 is disposed on the lower surface of the decorative board 18, and the floor slab 24 and the joist 16 are coupled by the fixing rod 22, but not limited thereto, the joist 16 and the fixing rod 22 are not provided. You can also. In the present embodiment, the case where the composite floor structure 10 is applied to the floor structure of the ground floor has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the composite floor structure 10 can also be applied as a composite floor structure of the underground floor. Furthermore, the thickness of the floor slab 24, the thickness of the decorative board 18 and the cross-sectional dimension of the joist 16 of the composite floor structure 10 in the present embodiment are not limited to this, and the composite floor structure of each span (distance between support points) According to the area of 10, it can be set as an appropriate dimension calculated | required by structural calculation.

2 ... (fireproof) structure 4 ... pillar 6 ... outer wall
10 ... Composite floor structure 11 ... Support means 12 ... Beam material 12a ... First beam material 12b ... Second beam material
14 ... notch 15 ... notch 16 ... joist 16e ... end 18 ... decorative panel 19 ... insertion hole
20 ... Moisture proof layer 20a ... Extension 22 ... Fixed rod 22a ... Lower half 22b ... Upper half
23 ... Packing 24 ... Floor slab 26a, 26b ... Reinforcement 28 ... Circumference 30 ... Face wood
32… Water stop material 34… Jewel support 35… Anchor bolt 36… Make-up wood 37… Body edge
40 ... core 42 ... uneven portion 44 ... burning blind layer 46 ... burned allowance layer A ... floor slabs hitting set area A 1 _... side C ... clearance M ... formwork for side plate N ... holding material

Claims (8)

Support means including at least beam members arranged along the bottom surface of the floor slab placing area;
A wooden decorative board connected to the support means and forming the lower surface of the floor slab placing area;
It comprises a floor slab formed by driving concrete onto this decorative board,
A moisture-proof layer is interposed between the floor slab and the facing surface of the decorative board ,
The support means includes a plurality of joists supported by the beam material and arranged in parallel at substantially regular intervals over the entire lower surface of the decorative board, and the upper surfaces of the joists are applied to the lower surface of the decorative board. Touching,
A plurality of fixing rods penetrating the moisture-proof layer and driving the lower half into the joists and having the upper half embedded in the floor slab;
And the floor slab is a reinforced concrete slab,
A synthetic material characterized in that a clearance is formed between the entire outer peripheral surface of the fixing rod and the facing surface of the decorative plate, and the moisture-proof layer is an insulating sheet that allows the decorative plate to be displaced from the floor slab. Floor structure. A fireproof structure including the composite floor structure according to claim 1 and a fireproof pillar supporting the composite floor structure,
The support means, as the beam material, is constructed so as to cross the floor slab placing area supported by the first beam material arranged in the periphery of the floor slab placing area and the first beam material. Second beam material ,
Both ends of the joists are connected to either the first beam material or the second beam material,
The floor slab extends over the entire area for placing the floor slab via the second beam.
These beams have a core material to support the load of the floor slab. Of the peripheral surface of this core material, the surface in contact with the floor slab is the floor slab, and the remaining peripheral surface part is more in thermal inertia than the core material. A fire-resistant structure characterized by being covered with a low-burning wood burning layer. A flame-stopping layer is interposed between the core material and the burn-off layer, and a side edge of the decorative board is inserted between the floor slab and the burn-off layer with a distance from the burn-off layer. The fireproof structure according to claim 2 , wherein an end surface of the side end portion is covered with a waterstop material. A flame stop layer is interposed between the lower surface and the left and right side surfaces of the core material and the corresponding surfaces of the burn-in allowance layer, and the upper surface of the burn-off layer, the upper surface of the burn allowance layer, and the upper surface of the moisture-proof layer are substantially flush. In addition, the side edge of the decorative plate is adjacent to the side surface of the first beam material or the second beam material, and the side edge of the decorative material is locked to the upper surface of the peripheral edge attached to the side surface. The refractory structure according to claim 2 , characterized in that it is characterized. A method of constructing a composite floor structure in a floor slab placement area surrounded by vertical and beam members of a building,
The synthetic floor structure includes at least support means including beam members arranged along the bottom surface of the floor slab placement area, and a wooden decorative plate connected to the support means and forming the bottom surface of the floor slab placement area. And a floor slab formed by pouring concrete on the decorative board, and a moisture-proof layer is interposed between the floor slab and the facing surface of the decorative board ,
A first step of disposing a wooden board, which forms the bottom surface of the floor slab placement area connected to the side surface, on the beam material, with the surface of the vertical member as the side surface of the floor slab placement area;
A second step of forming a moisture-proof layer on at least the wooden board;
It consists of a third step of placing concrete on this moisture barrier,
A method for constructing a synthetic floor structure, characterized in that it is used as a decorative board without removing the wooden board after the concrete has hardened. In place of all or part of the vertical material surrounding the floor slab placing area, in the first step, a side plate forming the side surface of the floor slab placing area is temporarily installed,
6. The method for constructing a composite floor structure according to claim 5 , wherein the side plate is removed after the concrete is hardened. In the second step, a moisture-proof layer is formed along the side surface of the floor slab placing area from the upper surface of the wooden board,
The method for constructing a composite floor structure according to claim 5 or 6 , wherein the moisture-proof layer has an extended portion that rises along the peripheral surface of the floor slab after the concrete is cured. Prior to the first step, a plurality of wooden joists are joined to the beam material,
In the first step, the wooden plate is disposed on the beam material and the wooden joists,
The method for constructing a composite floor structure according to any one of claims 5 to 7 , wherein after the concrete is hardened, the wooden joists are not removed but left as a finishing material.