JP5889027B2 - Evacuation road - Google Patents

Description

The present invention also relates to the escape road.

  During disasters such as large floods and tsunamis, roads and buildings may be submerged.

  When such a flood or tsunami occurs, it is necessary to evacuate to a high ground or a high-rise building. However, if a road or the like is submerged, there is a risk that it will be delayed.

  Patent Document 1 is a tsunami shelter that temporarily protects itself in the event of a sudden disaster, and is provided with an opening that allows entry and exit in a space surrounded by an airtight wall formed on the ground. There is disclosed a device provided with an air chamber in which air is maintained even when immersed in water.

JP-A-10-159388

The tsunami shelter is a facility for temporarily escaping when a tsunami occurs, but it was difficult to install in each household in terms of securing land and costs.
Therefore, there is a need for a facility where all people can safely evacuate in the event of a disaster.

The present invention is intended to solve the above problems, problems in flood and tsunami or the like occurs, made it possible to safely evacuate more people to propose the escape road And

  In order to solve the above problems, the evacuation road of the present invention includes a cylindrical structure formed by continuously installing a plurality of boxes, and a traffic path is provided on the upper surface of the cylindrical structure. The inside of the cylindrical structure is divided into an upper space and a lower space by an intermediate floor, and an entrance / exit is formed in a part of the intermediate floor, and the upper space is an outside air only by the entrance / exit. It is characterized by communicating with.

Since such a road for evacuation has a traffic route higher than the ground surface, even if a general road is submerged by a tsunami or flood, evacuate using this traffic route. Can do.
Further, even when a large-scale tsunami or the like that causes the evacuation road to be submerged occurs, air can be stored in the upper space inside, so that an amount of air that can maintain the lives of the refugees can be secured.

It is also possible to move toward a hill or an evacuation building using the internal space of the evacuation road.
Even when water flows into the internal space and the water level rises, the rise in the water level in the upper space is suppressed by the air pressure.

  If an opening is formed on the side surface of the cylindrical structure at a position lower than the middle floor, water such as a tsunami will flow into the lower space of the cylindrical structure. Compared to the case where the space is a sealed space, the buoyancy acting on the cylindrical structure is reduced, and as a result, the evacuation road can be prevented from being washed away by the tsunami.

  If the lower end of the cylindrical structure is formed with a protruding portion that protrudes laterally from the outer surface of the cylindrical structure, its weight increases, so it resists buoyancy during tsunamis and floods, The evacuation road can be prevented from being washed away.

  If a partition that divides the upper space back and forth with respect to the axial direction is formed in the tubular structure, even if a part of the evacuation road is damaged and water is immersed in the upper space, the partition Thus, it is possible to prevent flooding and prevent the entire upper space from being submerged.

  If a communication passage that connects the upper spaces before and after the partition wall is formed below the partition wall, the partition wall can be moved back and forth.

  If a slope that connects the ground surface to the upper surface is formed in the tubular structure, it is possible to evacuate to a traffic road while riding on the vehicle.

According to the escape road of the present invention, when a flood or tsunami or the like occurs, it is possible to safely evacuate more people.

It is a perspective view which shows the outline | summary of the evacuation road which concerns on 1st embodiment. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the evacuation road shown in FIG. It is a cross-sectional view of the evacuation road shown in FIG. It is a side view of the evacuation road shown in FIG. It is a cross-sectional view which shows the other form of the evacuation road. It is a figure which shows the evacuation structure which concerns on 2nd embodiment, Comprising: (a) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view, (b) is a cross-sectional view.

<First embodiment>
The evacuation road 1 according to the first embodiment is formed by continuously installing a plurality of boxes (evacuation structure members) 20, 20,... On the ground as shown in FIG. The cylindrical structure 10 is comprised.

The evacuation road 1 is formed so as to extend from the coast S side toward the plateau H direction (from the lowland to the highland).
The evacuation road 1 may be connected to an evacuation facility such as a tsunami shelter formed on a hill.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the tubular structure 10 has a road surface and a sidewalk surface (traffic road 30) formed on the upper surface, and an axial direction (vertical direction of the traffic path 30) inside. A continuous space 40 is formed.

As shown in FIG. 3, the box 20 constituting the tubular structure 10 is a concrete box culvert having a bottom plate 21, a top plate 22, left and right side walls 23, 23, and an overhang portion 25.
Inside the box 20, an intermediate floor slab 24 is placed between the left and right side walls 23, 23.

  In the present embodiment, a so-called direct foundation structure in which the bottom plate 21 is directly placed on the ground is used. However, as shown in FIG. 5, by forming piles 50 and 50 below the bottom plate 21, a cylindrical structure It is good also as what is called a pile foundation structure which supports the thing 10. FIG.

  In the present embodiment, the projecting portion 25 is integrally formed by projecting the left and right end portions of the bottom plate 21 to the side of the outer surface of the side wall 23.

  In addition, the overhang | projection part 25 may be integrally formed previously in the bottom plate 21 (box 20), and may be formed by site construction (refer FIG. 5). Moreover, the overhang | projection part 25 should just be formed as needed, and may be abbreviate | omitted.

By arranging a plurality of boxes 20 continuously in the axial direction, the bottom part 11, the top part 12, the left and right side parts 13, 13, the intermediate floor 14, and the protruding part 18 of the cylindrical structure 10 are formed. .
In this embodiment, the lower part of the box 20 is embedded in the ground.
Note that the box 20 may be a precast member integrally formed in advance, or may partially include a cast-in-place concrete portion 26 as in the box 20 shown in FIG.

The traffic path 30 includes a roadway 31 formed by paving the upper surface of the top portion 12 and a sidewalk 32 projecting laterally from the top portion 12.
In addition, the structure of the traffic path 30 is not limited.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the space 40 formed inside the tubular structure 10 is divided into an upper space 41 and a lower space 42 by the intermediate floor 14.

  An entrance (not shown) that connects the upper space 41 and the lower space 42 is formed in a part of the middle floor 14. The upper space 41 is entirely covered by the top portion 12, the left and right side portions 13 and 13, and the middle floor 14, and communicates with the outside air only at the entrance and exit. A flexible waterproof joint (not shown) is installed at the joint between the boxes 20 and 20 in the upper space 41. In addition, you may install a water stop joint in the joint front surface of the boxes 20 and 20.

The upper space 41 has a cross-sectional shape through which people can pass, and is used as an emergency evacuation route or a standby place.
Since the upper space 41 communicates with the outside air only at the entrance / exit of the middle floor 14, an air pocket is formed even when the evacuation road 1 is submerged.
The upper space 41 may be further divided into upper and lower parts. In this way, the lives of evacuees can be more reliably maintained.

The tubular structure 10 is formed with a partition wall 15 that divides the upper space 41 forward and backward with respect to the axial direction.
The partition wall 15 is a water-impervious plate-like member, and is formed in the same shape as the cross-sectional shape of the upper space 41.

The interval between the adjacent partition walls 15 and 15 is not limited, but may be formed at a pitch of 50 m, for example. In addition, what is necessary is just to form the partition 15 as needed.
When the upper space 41 is further divided into upper and lower parts, the partition wall 15 may be disposed only in the upper part of the upper space 41.

  The upper spaces 41, 41 before and after the partition wall 15 are connected to each other by a communication passage 16 formed so as to dive under the partition wall 15.

The communication passage 16 is a cylindrical portion formed along the lower surface of the intermediate floor 14, and is formed so that the front end is positioned in front of the partition wall 15 and the rear end is positioned behind the partition wall 15.
Through holes are respectively formed in the intermediate floor 14 so as to correspond to the positions of the front end portion and the rear end portion of the communication passage 16 so that the communication passage 16 can be moved in and out.

As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of openings 17, 17,... Are formed on the side portion 13 (side surface) of the cylindrical structure 10 at intervals.
The opening 17 is formed at a position below the middle floor 14 and is formed so that the lower space 42 communicates with the outside air.

  Although the shape dimension of the opening part 17 is not limited, In this embodiment, it forms in the shape in which a person can go in and out at least. Note that not all the openings 17 need to be the same size.

  The opening 17 is formed by arranging the two boxes 20 and 20 formed with the notches 23a in a state where the notches 23a and 23a are abutted with each other.

In the present embodiment, the notch 23a is formed by cutting the side wall 23 of the box 20 into a rectangular shape, but the shape of the notch 23a is not limited.
Moreover, the formation method of the opening part 17 is not limited, For example, you may form in the side wall 23 of the one box 20.

As shown in FIG. 3, a protruding portion 18 is formed at the lower end portion of the cylindrical structure 10 so as to project laterally from the outer surface (the outer surface of the side portion 13).
The protrusion 18 is continuously formed along the axial direction of the tubular structure 10.

The protrusion 18 is formed in a portion buried in the ground, and the upper surface is covered with soil or the like.
The head of an anchor 19 disposed in the ground is fixed to the protrusion 18.

As shown in FIG. 1, a slope 33 connected from the ground surface to the upper surface is formed at the coast side end of the tubular structure 10 so that a vehicle or the like can enter the traffic road 30.
The slope 33 is formed by arranging a box culvert 20 ′ whose upper surface is inclined.

In addition, the structure of the slope 33 is not limited, For example, you may form by site construction.
Moreover, the formation location of the slope 33 is not limited, For example, in the location where the evacuation road 1 and another road cross | intersect, it may be formed so that it may connect with the traffic road 11 from another road surface. .

According to the evacuation road 1 of the present embodiment, since the upper surface of the tubular structure 10 installed on the ground is used as the traffic path 30, even when the surrounding area is flooded due to a tsunami or flood Can evacuate safely.
Since the evacuation road 1 extends from the lowland to the highland, the evacuation road 1 can be used to evacuate in the direction of the hill.

Since the traffic path 30 is formed at a position higher than the ground surface, the evacuation time can be secured until the water level rises and reaches the traffic path 30.
Moreover, since the cylindrical structure 10 is formed in the state which protruded on the ground, it functions also as a bank. Therefore, it is possible to limit the basin such as a tsunami and consequently the disaster area.
Since the traffic road 30 is formed at a position higher than the ground surface, the intersection with the existing road becomes a three-dimensional intersection that passes above the existing road, and therefore, the influence on the existing traffic network is minimized. Can do.

  Since the upper space 41 is sealed except for the entrance / exit, even if water enters the inside of the cylindrical structure 10, the rise of the water level in the upper space 41 is suppressed by the internal air pressure. Is done. Therefore, even when the evacuation road 1 is submerged, the upper space 41 can be used to evacuate.

  In addition, you may improve the sealing of the upper space 41 by providing a door in the entrance / exit. If a door is installed at the entrance / exit, water can be prevented from entering the upper space 41 from the entrance / exit even when water enters the inside of the cylindrical structure 10. For example, the door of the entrance / exit may be configured to be opened by being pushed up, so that the entrance / exit is always shielded and the upper space 41 is kept sealed. Moreover, it is good also as a structure which shields an entrance / exit by raising with the raise of the water level in the lower space 42 as a door opened downward.

  Since an air pocket is formed inside the upper space 41, an amount of air that can maintain the lives of the evacuees can be secured.

When the evacuation road 1 is connected to an evacuation facility such as a tsunami shelter, it is possible to evacuate directly to the evacuation facility by moving through the upper space 41.
In addition, the entrance / exit to the upper space 41 may be performed by moving from the lower space 42 to the upper space 41 after entering the lower space 42 from the opening 17.

  Since the opening 17 is formed on the side surface of the tubular structure 10 at a position lower than the middle floor 14, water can flow into the lower space 42 when a tsunami or the like occurs. . In this way, the buoyancy acting on the evacuation road 1 can be reduced compared with the case where the lower space 42 is a sealed space, and can be prevented from being swept away by a tsunami.

  Since the projecting portion 18 is formed at the lower end portion of the cylindrical structure 10 so as to project laterally from the outer surface, the weight is increased accordingly. Therefore, the evacuation road 1 is prevented from being washed away against buoyancy during a tsunami or flood. Moreover, since the protrusion part 18 is embed | buried in the ground, dead weight further increases with the earth and sand etc. which were mounted on the protrusion part 18. FIG.

Further, since the anchor 19 is fixed to the protruding portion 18, the cylindrical structure 10 is more firmly fixed.
Thus, the cylindrical structure 10 is configured not to slide due to a tsunami impact, buoyancy during submergence, or the like.

  Since the partition wall 15 that divides the upper space 41 forward and backward with respect to the axial direction is formed, even if a part of the cylindrical structure 10 is damaged and water is immersed in the upper space 41, the partition wall 15 It is possible to stop flooding in the axial direction. Therefore, the entire upper space 41 is prevented from being submerged and the safety of the evacuees is ensured.

The movement of the partition wall 15 in the front-rear direction may be performed by the communication passage 16.
It is desirable to provide a door at the boundary (through hole) between the communication passage 16 and the upper space 14. If a door is provided in the through hole, it is possible to prevent water from exceeding the partition wall 15 through the communication passage 16 when there is water in the upper space 41. In addition, what is necessary is just to set it as the structure which keeps always sealed and keeps the upper space 41 sealed, for example as it is configured to open by pushing up. Moreover, it is good also as a structure which shields a through-hole by raising with the raise of the water level in the communication channel | path 16 as a door opened downward.

Since the slope 19 connected from the ground surface to the upper surface (traffic path 30) is formed at the end of the cylindrical structure 10, evacuation to the traffic path 30 such as a vehicle is easy.
Moreover, since the evacuation road 1 is formed by connecting precast boxes 20 continuously, it is excellent in workability.

<Second Embodiment>
The evacuation structure 2 according to the second embodiment (reference embodiment) is a shelter formed by disposing the evacuation structure member 20 under the building B as shown in FIG.

The evacuation structure 2 is formed by embedding the evacuation structure member 20 in the ground.
The evacuation structure 2 may be formed by connecting a plurality of evacuation structure members 20 that are precast members to each other. (Concrete part) may be provided to improve the degree of freedom of shape.

In the evacuation structure 2, a plurality of openings 17 are formed at positions corresponding to the lower side of the side floor 14. One of the openings 17 is connected to the stairs 60 extending from the ground, and functions as an evacuation port for the user.
The entrance to and exit from the upper space 41 is performed through an entrance (not shown) formed in the middle floor 14 from the lower space 42 (lower side).

  A head of an anchor 19 installed in the ground is fixed to the bottom 11 of the evacuation structure 2.

  In addition, since the detail of the member 20 for evacuation structures is the same as that of the box 20 shown in 1st embodiment, detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  According to the evacuation structure 2 of the present embodiment, safety can be ensured when it is difficult to evacuate to a hill or the like in an emergency such as a tsunami.

  Since the upper space 41 is sealed except for the entrance and exit, even when water enters the inside, the rise of the water level in the upper space 41 is suppressed by the pressure of the air inside. Therefore, safety can be ensured in the upper space 41 even when the evacuation structure 2 is submerged.

  In addition, you may improve the sealing of the upper space 41 by providing a door in the entrance / exit. If a door is installed at the entrance / exit, water can be prevented from entering the upper space 41 from the entrance / exit even when water enters the inside of the cylindrical structure 10. For example, the door of the entrance / exit may be configured to be opened by being pushed up, so that the entrance / exit is always shielded and the upper space 41 is kept sealed. Moreover, it is good also as a structure which shields an entrance / exit by raising with the raise of the water level in the lower space 42 as a door opened downward.

  That is, since an air pocket is formed in the upper space 41, an amount of air that can maintain the lives of evacuees can be secured.

  Since the opening 17 is formed on the side surface of the evacuation structure 2 at a position below the middle floor 14, water can flow into the lower space 42 when a tsunami or the like occurs. . By doing so, buoyancy can be reduced and it can be prevented from being swept away by a tsunami.

Since a protruding portion 18 is formed at the lower end portion of the evacuation structure 2 so as to project laterally from the outer side surface, the weight is increased accordingly. Therefore, the evacuation road 1 is prevented from being washed away against buoyancy during a tsunami or flood. Moreover, since the protrusion part 18 is embed | buried in the ground, dead weight further increases with the earth and sand etc. which were mounted on the protrusion part 18. FIG.
Further, the evacuation building 2 is prevented from sliding by an anchor 19 fixed to the bottom 11.
As described above, the evacuation building 2 is configured not to slide due to a tsunami impact or buoyancy during submergence.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the above-described constituent elements can be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

  For example, in the first embodiment, the case where the entire evacuation road 1 extending from the lowland to the highland is configured by the tubular structure 10 has been described. However, the evacuation road 1 is not necessarily entirely tubular. It need not be the object 10. That is, an evacuation road that extends from the lowland to the highland may be constructed by combining the tubular structure 10 part and the embankment part.

  In the second embodiment, the case where the evacuation structure 2 is formed underground has been described. However, the evacuation structure 2 is not necessarily formed underground.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Evacuation road 2 Evacuation structure 10 Cylindrical structure 11 Bottom part 12 Top part 13 Side part 14 Middle floor 15 Partition 16 Communication passage 17 Opening part 18 Protrusion part 20 Box (member for evacuation structure)
21 Bottom plate 22 Top plate 23 Side wall 24 Middle floor plate 30 Traffic route 33 Slope 40 Space 41 Upper space 42 Lower space

Claims (6)

Provided with a cylindrical structure formed by installing a plurality of boxes on the ground continuously,
A traffic path is provided on the upper surface of the cylindrical structure,
The inside of the cylindrical structure is divided into an upper space and a lower space by an intermediate floor,
An evacuation road characterized in that an entrance / exit is formed in a part of the middle floor, and the upper space communicates with outside air only by the entrance / exit.   2. The evacuation road according to claim 1, wherein an opening is formed on a side surface of the cylindrical structure at a position lower than the middle floor.   The evacuation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a projecting portion is formed at a lower end portion of the cylindrical structure so as to project laterally from an outer surface of the cylindrical structure. road.   The evacuation road according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a partition that divides the upper space in the front-rear direction with respect to the axial direction is formed in the cylindrical structure. .   The evacuation road according to claim 4, wherein a communication passage that connects upper spaces before and after the partition is formed below the partition.   The evacuation road according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a slope that connects the ground surface to the upper surface is formed in the cylindrical structure.

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