JP5873693B2 - Building air conditioning method - Google Patents

Building air conditioning method Download PDF

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JP5873693B2
JP5873693B2 JP2011257536A JP2011257536A JP5873693B2 JP 5873693 B2 JP5873693 B2 JP 5873693B2 JP 2011257536 A JP2011257536 A JP 2011257536A JP 2011257536 A JP2011257536 A JP 2011257536A JP 5873693 B2 JP5873693 B2 JP 5873693B2
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俊博 村上
俊博 村上
保夫 清水
保夫 清水
大介 三戸
大介 三戸
真武 入部
真武 入部
哲司 山田
哲司 山田
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Takasago Thermal Engineering Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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本発明は、建物の空調方法にかかり、特にビル等の建築物に適した空調に関するものである。   The present invention relates to an air conditioning method for buildings, and particularly relates to an air conditioning suitable for buildings such as buildings.

通常、ビルの空調は各階の外気導入量（ＯＡ）の総和と、排気量（ＥＡ）の総和との収支が０になるようにエアバランスをとって設計、調整を行っている。しかしながら、当該エアバランスが崩れると、ＥＡ−ＯＡ（ＥＡとＯＡの差分）に相当する隙間風が、階段室、エレベーターシャフト、パイプシャフトなど、建物を縦に貫く空間（以下、「縦空間」という）と部屋との仕切壁の隙間を通って室内に流入したり、室内から流出する。このため、たとえばＯＡが過剰の階から縦空間を介してＥＡが過剰の階に空気が流れ、建物全体として、調温、調湿され空調空気を無駄に多く排気したり、過剰な外気導入を行うことになり、空調用エネルギーを無駄に消費することになる。このようなエアバランスの崩れを生じる原因には、以下のものがある。   Normally, air conditioning in a building is designed and adjusted by taking an air balance so that the balance between the sum of outside air introduction amounts (OA) and the sum of exhaust air amounts (EA) on each floor is zero. However, when the air balance is lost, the gap wind corresponding to EA-OA (difference between EA and OA) passes vertically through the building such as the staircase, elevator shaft, pipe shaft (hereinafter referred to as “vertical space”). ) Flows into the room through the gap between the room and the partition wall. For this reason, for example, air flows from a floor with excessive OA to a floor with excessive EA through a vertical space, and the entire building is conditioned and humidity-controlled to exhaust a lot of conditioned air, or introduce excessive outside air. As a result, the air conditioning energy is wasted. The causes of the collapse of the air balance include the following.

［煙突効果］
高層ビルでは、空調温度と外気との温度差が広がると、室内と屋外の圧力差が高さ方向に変化する現象（煙突効果）が発生する。この煙突効果が起こると、「室内圧＜屋外気圧」となる階（例えば冬場の地下階など）では、ＯＡの総和と外部への開口部（地下道への連絡路など）から流入する外気ＯＡ´の和が、ＥＡの総和よりも多くなり、余剰の空気が縦空間の壁の隙間を通して室内から縦空間に流出する。逆に「室内圧＞屋外気圧」となる階（例えば冬場の高層階など）では、ＥＡの総和と、外部に通ずる開口部から屋外へ流出する室内空気ＥＡ´の和がＯＡの総和よりも多くなり、不足分が縦空間の壁の隙間を通して縦空間から室内に流入する。 [Chimney effect]
In a high-rise building, when the temperature difference between the air-conditioning temperature and the outside air widens, a phenomenon (chimney effect) in which the pressure difference between the room and the outside changes in the height direction occurs. When this chimney effect occurs, on the floor where “indoor pressure <outdoor air pressure” (for example, the underground floor in winter), the outside air OA ′ that flows in from the sum of OA and the opening to the outside (the access path to the underground passage, etc.) Becomes larger than the total sum of EA, and excess air flows out from the room into the vertical space through the gaps in the walls of the vertical space. On the other hand, on floors where “indoor pressure> outdoor air pressure” (for example, higher floors in winter), the sum of EA and the sum of indoor air EA ′ flowing out of the opening to the outside is larger than the sum of OA. Therefore, the shortage flows from the vertical space into the room through the gaps in the walls of the vertical space.

［可変風量空調機のエアバランス不良］
室内温度制御やＣＯ２濃度制御など、制御対象が室圧ではない制御によって給排気ファンの回転数やダンパの開度が変化すると、制御の結果、室圧が変化するため、縦空間と室内との隙間風量が変化して、ＯＡとＥＡの収支に影響を及ぼす。 [Air balance of variable air volume air conditioner is poor]
When the rotation speed of the supply / exhaust fan or the opening of the damper changes due to control where the control target is not room pressure, such as indoor temperature control or CO 2 concentration control, the room pressure changes as a result of the control. The air volume of the gap changes, affecting the balance of OA and EA.

［フロア内空調機の総合エアバランス不良］
フロア内に複数の空調機による給気と定風量（ＣＡＶ）の排気がある場合、空調機全台運転時にエアバランスを調整すると、空調機の一部を停止した際にＯＡの総和が減少するため、不足を補うように縦空間から室内に隙間風が流入する。 [Incomplete air balance of air conditioners on the floor]
When there are air supply by multiple air conditioners and exhaust of constant air volume (CAV) on the floor, adjusting the air balance when operating all air conditioners reduces the total OA when a part of the air conditioners is stopped For this reason, the draft air flows into the room from the vertical space so as to compensate for the shortage.

そのような建物の内外の空気の流通を抑えるものとして、例えば以下のものがある。まず、いわゆる二重扉方式における、風除室を構成し、屋内から当該風除室内に入り込んだ空気を屋内へ戻し、屋外から風除室内に入り込んだ空気を屋外へ戻すことで、建物内外の空気の流通を防止して空調エネルギーのロスを低減するものがある（特許文献１）。その他、外気圧が大きい時に、屋外に通ずるダンパを閉じて、外気を室内に流入させないようにすることで、平常時よりも外気流入量を増大させて、空調エネルギーがロスすることを防止するものがある（特許文献２）。   For example, there are the following to suppress the circulation of air inside and outside such a building. First, in the so-called double door system, a windbreak room is constructed, the air that has entered the windbreak room from the inside is returned to the indoor, and the air that has entered the windshield room from the outside is returned to the outside, so that There is one that prevents air flow and reduces loss of air conditioning energy (Patent Document 1). In addition, when the outside air pressure is high, by closing the damper that leads to the outside and preventing the outside air from flowing into the room, the amount of outside air inflow is increased more than usual, preventing loss of air conditioning energy. (Patent Document 2).

特許４５１５１７３号公報Japanese Patent No. 4515173 特公平７−１０７４６０号公報Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 7-107460

前記した特許文献１に記載の技術は、別途風除ブースを設け、この風除室に設けた排気ファンの制御によって、内外の空気の流通を抑制しているため、一般の室に対して適用する場合、そのような風除ブースを各室に設ける必要がある。また特許文献２に記載の技術は、専用のエアーダクトとダンパを設置する必要がある。したがって、これら従来技術は、いずれも既設の空調機器をそのまま利用して、前記したようなエアバランスの崩れを防止することはできない。   The technique described in Patent Document 1 is applied to a general chamber because a windbreak booth is separately provided and the flow of air inside and outside is suppressed by controlling an exhaust fan provided in the windbreak chamber. In such a case, it is necessary to provide such a windbreak booth in each room. In the technique described in Patent Document 2, it is necessary to install a dedicated air duct and a damper. Therefore, none of these conventional techniques can prevent the above-described collapse of the air balance by using the existing air conditioning equipment as it is.

前記したように、エアバランスの崩れは縦空間を介した空気の移動が原因である。本発明は既設の空調機器を利用して、縦空間と室内との差圧あるいは空気の移動量が０になるように修正動作を行うことで、前記エアバランスの崩れを修正し、隙間風等による空調エネルギーの損失と室内環境の悪化を抑制することを目的としている。   As described above, the collapse of the air balance is caused by the movement of air through the vertical space. The present invention corrects the collapse of the air balance by using the existing air-conditioning equipment so that the differential pressure between the vertical space and the room or the amount of air movement becomes zero. The purpose is to suppress the loss of air conditioning energy and the deterioration of the indoor environment.

前記目的を達成するため、本発明は、複数階床を有する建物内部を縦に貫く縦空間と、隙間、開口、またはダクトによって通じている各階の室の空調を個別に行なう方法であって、還気ファンによって室の還気の一部を、外気導入口から導入した外気と混合し、熱交換器によって熱交換して温度調整した後に、空調空気として前記室に供給し、還気の残りの一部は排気口から排気する空調方法において、前記縦空間は、当該縦空間と建物外部との間で給気、排気を行う機構は有さず、前記室へは、室内の圧力とは無関係の変風量方式によって、温度調整した後の空調空気が供給されており、前記室と前記縦空間内の差圧を計測し、当該差圧が０になるように、各階の室に対して前記還気ファンの回転数を個別に制御することを特徴としている。 In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is a method for individually air-conditioning a vertical space penetrating through a building having a plurality of floors and a room on each floor connected by a gap, an opening, or a duct, A part of the return air in the room is mixed with the outside air introduced from the outside air introduction port by the return air fan, the heat is exchanged by the heat exchanger and the temperature is adjusted, and then supplied to the room as conditioned air, and the remaining return air In the air conditioning method in which a part of the vertical space is exhausted from the exhaust port, the vertical space does not have a mechanism for supplying and exhausting air between the vertical space and the outside of the building. The conditioned air after temperature adjustment is supplied by an irrelevant variable air flow rate method, and the differential pressure in the chamber and the vertical space is measured, and the differential pressure is zero for each room on the floor . It is characterized by individually controlling the rotational speed of the return air fan

たとえば室圧が縦空間の気圧よりも高い場合、その差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）は正の値となる。このとき還気ファン回転数を上げれば、室内から流れる還気風量が増大するが、コイル等の熱交換器を介して温湿度調整された後に、室内に戻されるため、当該熱交換器による空気抵抗に起因して、室内に戻される風量は低減する。すなわち、還気風量よりも室内に戻す風量が少なくなる。また還気ファンの回転数を上げると、室内から流出する空気の量と排気口のダンパなどを介して熱交換器に流入する空気量が増大する。この時、熱交換器を通過する空気は全て変風量方式で室内に供給されるが、変風量方式では室内の温度などに応じて、室圧制御とは無関係に風量を決定し、たとえば給気ファンの回転数を決めているので、還気ファンの回転数を増大させることにより、変風量方式の要求風量を上回る空気が変風量ユニットに流れることになる。そうすると、変風量ユニットはたとえば室内に給気する給気ファンの回転数を下げる制御を行うことになる。したがって還気ファンの回転数を上げると給気ファンの回転数が下がり、室圧が低下する（このとき変風量方式のユニットと熱交換器を通過する空気量は変わらない）。その結果、室圧は低下するので、差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）が０になる方向に変化する。
逆に、室圧が縦空間内の気圧よりも低い場合、その差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）は負の値となる。この場合には、還気ファンの回転数を下げることにより、室圧は上昇するので、その差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）が０になる方向に変化する。
また別な観点による本発明は、建物内部を縦に貫く縦空間と、隙間、開口、またはダクトによって通じている室の空調を行なう方法であって、還気ファンによって室の還気の一部を、外気導入口から導入した外気と混合し、熱交換器によって熱交換して温度調整した後に、空調空気として前記室に供給し、還気の残りの一部は排気口から排気する空調方法において、
前記室へは、室内の圧力とは無関係の変風量方式によって、温度調整した後の空調空気が供給されており、前記室と前記縦空間内の差圧を計測し、当該差圧が０になるように、前記還気ファンの回転数を制御し、屋外と前記室内との差圧に基づいて、前記還気ファンの回転数を調節する制御の応答性を決定するパラメータを変化させることを特徴としている。
さらに別な観点による本発明は、建物内部を縦に貫く縦空間と、隙間、開口、またはダクトによって通じている室の空調を行なう方法であって、還気ファンによって室の還気の一部を、外気導入口から導入した外気と混合し、熱交換器によって熱交換して温度調整した後に、空調空気として前記室に供給し、還気の残りの一部は排気口から排気する空調方法において、
前記室へは、室内の圧力とは無関係の変風量方式によって、温度調整した後の空調空気が供給されており、前記室と前記縦空間内の差圧を計測し、当該差圧が０になるように、前記還気ファンの回転数を制御し、前記室内の温度と、外気の温度との温度差及び前記室の高さに基づいて、前記還気ファンの回転数を調節する制御の応答性を決定するパラメータを変化させることを特徴としている。 For example, when the chamber pressure is higher than the atmospheric pressure in the vertical space, the differential pressure (chamber pressure−vertical space pressure) is a positive value. If the number of rotations of the return air fan is increased at this time, the amount of return air flowing from the room increases, but the temperature and humidity are adjusted via a heat exchanger such as a coil and then returned to the room. Due to the resistance, the amount of air returned to the room is reduced. That is, the amount of air returned to the room is less than the amount of return air. Further, when the rotational speed of the return air fan is increased, the amount of air flowing out of the room and the amount of air flowing into the heat exchanger through the exhaust port damper and the like increase. At this time, all of the air passing through the heat exchanger is supplied to the room by the variable air volume method. However, the variable air volume method determines the air volume regardless of the room pressure control, for example, according to the indoor temperature. Since the rotational speed of the fan is determined, by increasing the rotational speed of the return air fan, air exceeding the required air volume of the variable air volume system flows to the variable air volume unit. Then, the variable air volume unit performs control to lower the rotational speed of the air supply fan that supplies air into the room, for example. Therefore, when the rotation speed of the return air fan is increased, the rotation speed of the supply air fan is decreased and the chamber pressure is decreased (the amount of air passing through the variable air volume unit and the heat exchanger is not changed at this time). As a result, the chamber pressure decreases, so that the differential pressure (chamber pressure−longitudinal space pressure) changes to zero.
Conversely, when the chamber pressure is lower than the atmospheric pressure in the vertical space, the differential pressure (chamber pressure−vertical space pressure) is a negative value. In this case, the chamber pressure rises by lowering the rotational speed of the return air fan, so that the differential pressure (chamber pressure-vertical space pressure) changes to become zero.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for air conditioning a vertical space penetrating through a building and a room communicated by a gap, an opening, or a duct, and a part of the return air of the room by a return air fan. Is mixed with the outside air introduced from the outside air inlet, heat-adjusted by a heat exchanger, adjusted in temperature, supplied to the chamber as conditioned air, and the remaining part of the return air is exhausted from the outlet In
The chamber is supplied with conditioned air after temperature adjustment by a variable air flow method that is independent of the pressure inside the chamber, and the differential pressure in the chamber and the vertical space is measured and the differential pressure is reduced to zero. As described above, the rotational speed of the return air fan is controlled, and a parameter that determines the responsiveness of the control for adjusting the rotational speed of the return air fan is changed based on the differential pressure between the outdoors and the room. It is a feature.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of air-conditioning a vertical space penetrating the inside of a building and a room communicated by a gap, an opening, or a duct, and a part of the return air of the room by a return air fan. Is mixed with the outside air introduced from the outside air inlet, heat-adjusted by a heat exchanger, adjusted in temperature, supplied to the chamber as conditioned air, and the remaining part of the return air is exhausted from the outlet In
The chamber is supplied with conditioned air after temperature adjustment by a variable air flow method that is independent of the pressure inside the chamber, and the differential pressure in the chamber and the vertical space is measured and the differential pressure is reduced to zero. The rotational speed of the return air fan is controlled so that the rotational speed of the return air fan is adjusted based on the temperature difference between the indoor temperature and the outside air temperature and the height of the chamber. It is characterized by changing parameters that determine responsiveness.

前記還気ファンの回転数を制御した際、還気ファンの回転数が予め定めた最小値または最大値に達した後一定時間経過した後に、前記排気口のダンパを一定量閉じるか、または一定量開く動作を行い、その後に前記差圧が０になるように、前記還気ファンの回転数を制御するようにしてもよい。   When the rotational speed of the return air fan is controlled, a certain amount of time passes after the rotational speed of the return air fan reaches a predetermined minimum or maximum value, and then the damper of the exhaust port is closed by a certain amount or constant. An opening operation may be performed, and then the rotational speed of the return air fan may be controlled so that the differential pressure becomes zero.

前記還気ファンの回転数を制御した際、還気ファンの回転数が予め定めた最小値または最大値に達した後一定時間経過しても、前記差圧が０にならない場合には、さらに前記排気口のダンパの開度を調整して、前記差圧が０になるように制御するようにしてもよい。   When the rotational speed of the return air fan is controlled, if the differential pressure does not become 0 even after a predetermined time has elapsed after the rotational speed of the return air fan reaches a predetermined minimum value or maximum value, You may make it control so that the said differential pressure | pressure may be set to 0 by adjusting the opening degree of the damper of the said exhaust port.

前記排気口のダンパの開度をさらに制御した際、前記排気口のダンパが全開または全閉に達した後一定時間経過しても、前記差圧が０にならない場合、還気の一部を、外気導入口から導入した外気と混合するにあたって、還気と外気との混合流路に設けた還気ダンパの開度によって、混合する還気風量が調整可能な際には、当該還気ダンパの開度を制御して、前記差圧が０になるように制御するようにしてもよい。   When the opening degree of the damper of the exhaust port is further controlled, if the differential pressure does not become 0 even after a certain time has elapsed after the damper of the exhaust port is fully opened or fully closed, a part of the return air is When mixing with the outside air introduced from the outside air inlet, when the amount of the return air flow to be mixed can be adjusted by the opening degree of the return air damper provided in the return air and outside air mixing flow path, May be controlled so that the differential pressure becomes zero.

前記差圧に替えて、差圧に比例した物理量（例えば電圧や電流）を出力する装置の出力値を用いるようにしてもよい。   Instead of the differential pressure, an output value of a device that outputs a physical quantity (for example, voltage or current) proportional to the differential pressure may be used.

また前記差圧に替えて、前記室と縦空間とを隔てる壁体に形成された開口に設けられて当該開口を通過する風量、風速若しくは風量に比例した物理量（例えば電圧や電流）を出力する装置の出力値を用いるようにしてもよい。   In place of the differential pressure, a physical quantity (for example, voltage or current) that is provided in an opening formed in a wall that separates the chamber and the vertical space and is proportional to the air volume, the wind speed, or the air volume that passes through the opening is output. You may make it use the output value of an apparatus.

本発明によれば、既設の空調機器を制御して、縦空間と室内との差圧あるいは空気の移動量が０になるように還気ファンを調節することで、建物内のエアバランスの崩れを修正し、隙間風等による空調エネルギーの損失と室内環境の悪化を抑制することが可能である。   According to the present invention, the existing air conditioner is controlled, and the return air fan is adjusted so that the differential pressure between the vertical space and the room or the amount of air movement becomes zero. It is possible to suppress the loss of air-conditioning energy and the deterioration of the indoor environment due to drafts and the like.

実施の形態にかかる空調方法を実施するための空調システムの構成の概略を模式的に示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed typically the outline of the structure of the air conditioning system for enforcing the air conditioning method concerning embodiment. 還気ファンと排気ダンパの操作による制御の応答性を変化させるための様子を示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed the mode for changing the responsiveness of control by operation of a return air fan and an exhaust damper. ビルにおける煙突効果の強弱と縦空間の圧力との関係を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship between the strength of the chimney effect in a building, and the pressure of vertical space. 還気ダンパの操作による制御の応答性を変化させるための様子を示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed the mode for changing the responsiveness of control by operation of a return air damper. 風量に比例した物理量を出力する装置の構成の概略を模式的に示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed typically the outline of the structure of the apparatus which outputs the physical quantity proportional to the air volume. 風量に比例した物理量を出力する他の装置の構成の概略を模式的に示した説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which showed typically the outline of the structure of the other apparatus which outputs the physical quantity proportional to an air volume.

以下、実施の形態について説明すると、図１は実施の形態にかかる空調方法を実施するための空調システムの概略的構成を模式的に示した図であり、この例では、複数階床を有するビルＢに適用した例を示している。このビルＢの各階の室Ｒ１、Ｒ２は、すべて同一構成であり、各々同一の空調システムが採用されているので、以下、室Ｒ１を例にとって説明する。   Hereinafter, an embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a schematic configuration of an air conditioning system for carrying out an air conditioning method according to the embodiment. In this example, a building having a plurality of floors is shown. The example applied to B is shown. The rooms R1 and R2 on each floor of the building B all have the same configuration and the same air conditioning system is adopted, so the following description will be given taking the room R1 as an example.

室Ｒ１は、たとえばエレベーターシャフトなどの縦空間１と壁２を介して位置している排気のある室ＲＥ（例えばトイレや湯沸室など）と隣接している。また室Ｒ１には、壁３を介して機械室４が隣接している。この機械室４に、室Ｒ１の空調を実施する空調機１１が設けられている。   The room R1 is adjacent to a room RE (for example, a toilet or a hot water room) with exhaust, which is located through a vertical space 1 such as an elevator shaft and a wall 2, for example. The machine room 4 is adjacent to the room R1 through the wall 3. The machine room 4 is provided with an air conditioner 11 that performs air conditioning of the room R1.

この空調機１１は、チャンバ１１ａ内に、還気ファン１２と給気ファン１６を有している。還気ファン１２は、壁３に設けられた還気口３ａから取り込んだ室内の雰囲気（還気）を、チャンバ１１ａ内に導入する。チャンバ１１ａ内に導入された還気は、一部は排気として、排気ダンパ１３を介して、ビルＢの外壁５に設けられた排気口５ａから排気される。   The air conditioner 11 has a return air fan 12 and an air supply fan 16 in a chamber 11a. The return air fan 12 introduces the indoor atmosphere (return air) taken from the return air port 3a provided in the wall 3 into the chamber 11a. A part of the return air introduced into the chamber 11a is exhausted from an exhaust port 5a provided in the outer wall 5 of the building B through an exhaust damper 13 as exhaust.

チャンバ１１ａに取り込まれた還気の残りの一部は還気ダンパ１４を経由して外気と混合される。すなわち、ビルの外壁５に設けられた外気導入口５ｂから外気ダンパ１５を介してチャンバ１１ａ内に導入された外気と、還気の一部が混合された後、加熱コイル１１ｂ、冷却コイル１１ｃ、加湿器１１ｄによって温湿度調整される。そして温湿度調整された後、給気ファン１６によって、室Ｒ１の天井部空間に複数設置されている各ＶＡＶユニット２１に供給され、天井２２に設けた給気口２２ａから室Ｒ１内に供給される。   The remaining part of the return air taken into the chamber 11 a is mixed with the outside air via the return air damper 14. That is, after the outside air introduced into the chamber 11a from the outside air inlet 5b provided in the outer wall 5 of the building via the outside air damper 15 and a part of the return air are mixed, the heating coil 11b, the cooling coil 11c, The temperature and humidity are adjusted by the humidifier 11d. After the temperature and humidity are adjusted, the air supply fan 16 supplies a plurality of VAV units 21 installed in the ceiling space of the room R1 and supplies the air into the room R1 from the air supply ports 22a provided in the ceiling 22. The

室Ｒ１と縦空間１との間に位置している前出排気のある室ＲＥからの排気は、天井２２に設けられた排気口２２ｂから、ＣＡＶユニット２３を介して、排気ダクト２４等により、外壁５に設けられた排気口５ｃから排気される。   Exhaust air from the room RE with the previous exhaust located between the room R1 and the vertical space 1 is exhausted from the exhaust port 22b provided in the ceiling 22 through the CAV unit 23 by the exhaust duct 24 and the like. It exhausts from the exhaust port 5c provided in the outer wall 5. FIG.

室Ｒ１と排気のある室ＲＥ、排気のある室ＲＥと縦空間１、室Ｒ１と機械室４とは、壁等で隔てられているものの、それぞれ気密に閉鎖されているわけではなく、各々隙間や大小の開口（図示せず）等によって連通している。したがって、排気のある室ＲＥ、室Ｒ１、縦空間１、機械室４も連通している。   Although the chamber R1 and the chamber RE with the exhaust, the chamber RE with the exhaust and the vertical space 1, and the chamber R1 and the machine chamber 4 are separated by a wall or the like, they are not closed in an airtight manner, And large and small openings (not shown). Therefore, the room RE, the room R1, the vertical space 1, and the machine room 4 with exhaust are also communicated.

そして空調機１１の還気ファン１２は、排気のある室ＲＥと縦空間１とを隔てている壁２に設けられた第１の計測装置３１の計測結果、並びに外壁５に設けられた第２の計測装置３２の各計測結果に基づき、制御装置Ｃによってインバータ制御される。また排気ダンパ１３の開度も、同様に第１の計測装置３１の計測結果、第２の計測装置３２の各計測結果に基づき、制御装置Ｃによって制御することが可能である。この例では、第１の計測装置３１は、排気のある室ＲＥと縦空間１との間の差圧を計測する差圧計であり、また第２の計測装置３２は、機械室４と屋外との間の差圧を計測する差圧計である。   The return air fan 12 of the air conditioner 11 includes the measurement result of the first measuring device 31 provided on the wall 2 that separates the exhausted room RE and the vertical space 1, and the second result provided on the outer wall 5. The control device C performs inverter control based on each measurement result of the measurement device 32. Similarly, the opening degree of the exhaust damper 13 can be controlled by the control device C based on the measurement results of the first measurement device 31 and the measurement results of the second measurement device 32. In this example, the first measuring device 31 is a differential pressure gauge that measures the differential pressure between the chamber RE with exhaust and the vertical space 1, and the second measuring device 32 includes the machine room 4 and the outdoors. It is a differential pressure gauge that measures the differential pressure between.

実施の形態にかかる空調システムは、以上の構成を有しており、次にその運転例について説明する。まず通常時は、排気ダンパ１３及び還気ダンパ１４の制御は、外気導入口５ｂからの、外気ダンパ１５の制御による外気取入れ量に対して、排気量と外気取入れ量が等しくなるように制御される。また、給気ファン１６の回転数は室内空調のための制御（たとえば、室Ｒ１の室温に応じて回転数を制御して給気風量を調整する）が行われ、還気ファン１２の回転数は、給気ファン１６の回転数に合わせて制御され、室内における給排気の量を一致させている（通常時の制御）。   The air conditioning system according to the embodiment has the above-described configuration. Next, an example of the operation will be described. First, during normal times, the exhaust damper 13 and the return air damper 14 are controlled so that the exhaust amount and the outside air intake amount are equal to the outside air intake amount by the outside air damper 15 control from the outside air introduction port 5b. The Further, the rotation speed of the air supply fan 16 is controlled for indoor air conditioning (for example, the rotation speed is controlled according to the room temperature of the room R1 to adjust the supply air volume), and the rotation speed of the return air fan 12 is controlled. Is controlled in accordance with the rotational speed of the air supply fan 16, and the amount of air supply / exhaust in the room is matched (control during normal time).

そしてまず室Ｒ１の室圧が、縦空間１内の圧力よりも高い場合、第１の計測装置３１によって計測される差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）は正の値となる。このとき還気ファン１２の回転数の制御出力は正（回転数を上げる方向）に制御される。還気ファン１２の回転数が増大すると、室圧は低下するので、第１の計測装置３１によって計測される差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）が０になる方向に変化する。逆に、室圧が縦空間圧よりも低い場合、第１の計測装置３１によって計測される差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）は負の値となる。このとき還気ファン１２の回転数の制御出力は負（回転数を下げる方向）に制御される。還気ファン１２の回転数が減少すると、室圧は上昇するので、差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）が０になる方向に変化する。   First, when the chamber pressure in the chamber R1 is higher than the pressure in the vertical space 1, the differential pressure (chamber pressure−vertical space pressure) measured by the first measuring device 31 is a positive value. At this time, the control output of the rotational speed of the return air fan 12 is controlled to be positive (in the direction of increasing the rotational speed). When the number of rotations of the return air fan 12 increases, the chamber pressure decreases, so that the differential pressure (chamber pressure−vertical space pressure) measured by the first measuring device 31 changes in a direction that becomes zero. Conversely, when the chamber pressure is lower than the longitudinal space pressure, the differential pressure (chamber pressure−vertical space pressure) measured by the first measuring device 31 is a negative value. At this time, the control output of the rotational speed of the return air fan 12 is controlled to be negative (in the direction of decreasing the rotational speed). When the rotational speed of the return air fan 12 decreases, the chamber pressure increases, so that the differential pressure (chamber pressure-vertical space pressure) changes to zero.

ここで還気ファン１２の回転数が予め設定された上限値または下限値に達し、一定時間（チャタリングを考慮して、たとえば１０秒程度）経過しても、未だ差圧が０にならない場合には、排気ダンパ１３を他の制御、すなわち、既述した通常時の制御から切り離して、第１の計測装置３１によって計測される差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）に基づいて開度制御を行う。すなわち、差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）が正の値の場合には排気ダンパ１３を開ける方向に制御する。排気ダンパ１３が開くと、チャンバ１１ａに導入された還気のうち、排気として屋外に放出される分が多くなるので、室圧は下がり、差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）が０になる方向に変化する。   Here, when the rotational speed of the return air fan 12 reaches a preset upper limit value or lower limit value, and the differential pressure still does not become zero even after a certain time (for example, about 10 seconds in consideration of chattering). The exhaust damper 13 is separated from the other control, that is, the normal control described above, and the opening degree control is performed based on the differential pressure (room pressure−vertical space pressure) measured by the first measuring device 31. Do. That is, when the differential pressure (chamber pressure−vertical space pressure) is a positive value, the exhaust damper 13 is controlled to open. When the exhaust damper 13 is opened, a portion of the return air introduced into the chamber 11a is released to the outside as exhaust gas, so that the chamber pressure decreases and the differential pressure (room pressure−vertical space pressure) becomes zero. Change direction.

逆に第１の計測装置３１によって計測される差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）が負の値の場合には排気ダンパ１３を閉める方向（開度を小さくする方向）に制御する。排気ダンパ１３の開度が小さくなると、還気として室Ｒ１に戻される換気量が増加して室圧は上がるので、差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）が０になる方向に変化する。このとき還気ダンパ１４はそれまでの開度を維持している。なお、差圧が０になった時点で、排気ダンパ１３の制御を通常時の制御に戻し、差圧に基づく制御は、還気ファン１２の回転数制御のみとする。   On the contrary, when the differential pressure (chamber pressure-vertical space pressure) measured by the first measuring device 31 is a negative value, the exhaust damper 13 is controlled to be closed (the direction in which the opening is reduced). When the opening degree of the exhaust damper 13 decreases, the ventilation amount returned to the chamber R1 as the return air increases and the chamber pressure increases, so that the differential pressure (chamber pressure-vertical space pressure) changes to zero. At this time, the return air damper 14 maintains the opening degree until then. When the differential pressure becomes zero, the control of the exhaust damper 13 is returned to the normal control, and the control based on the differential pressure is only the rotational speed control of the return air fan 12.

またさらに、還気ファン１２の回転数が、予め設定された上限値または下限値に達し、なおかつ排気ダンパ１３の開度が予め設定された最大開度あるいは最小開度に達しても、差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）が０にならない場合には、還気ダンパ１４を、通常時の制御から切り離して制御を行う。すなわち、差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）が正の値の場合には還気ダンパ１４を閉める方向に制御する。還気ダンパ１４の開度が小さくなると、室Ｒ１に戻す還気量が低減し、室圧は下がるので、差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）が０になる方向に変化する。逆に差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）が負の値の場合には、還気ダンパ１４の開度を大きくする方向に制御する。   Furthermore, even if the rotational speed of the return air fan 12 reaches a preset upper limit value or lower limit value, and the opening degree of the exhaust damper 13 reaches a preset maximum opening degree or minimum opening degree, the differential pressure When (room pressure-vertical space pressure) does not become zero, the return air damper 14 is controlled separately from the normal control. That is, when the differential pressure (chamber pressure-vertical space pressure) is a positive value, the return air damper 14 is controlled to close. When the opening degree of the return air damper 14 is reduced, the amount of return air returned to the chamber R1 is reduced and the chamber pressure is lowered, so that the differential pressure (chamber pressure-vertical space pressure) is changed to zero. Conversely, when the differential pressure (chamber pressure-vertical space pressure) is a negative value, the opening degree of the return air damper 14 is controlled to increase.

なお、そのように還気ダンパ１４による制御を付加して、差圧が０になった時点で、排気ダンパ１３と還気ダンパ１４の制御を通常時の制御に戻し、制御装置Ｃによる差圧を０にする制御は、還気ファン１２の回転数制御のみに戻す。   In addition, when the control by the return air damper 14 is added in this way and the differential pressure becomes zero, the control of the exhaust damper 13 and the return air damper 14 is returned to the normal control, and the differential pressure by the control device C is returned. The control to set to 0 is returned only to the rotational speed control of the return air fan 12.

以上の例によれば、既設の空調機１１をそのまま利用して、還気ファン１２、排気ダンパ１３、さらには還気ダンパ１４を制御することで、室Ｒ１と縦空間１との差圧を０に近づけることができ、それによって、ビルＢにおける室Ｒ１と縦空間１とのエアバランスの崩れを修正し、隙間風等による空調エネルギーの損失と室内環境の悪化を抑制することが可能である。   According to the above example, the existing air conditioner 11 is used as it is, and the return air fan 12, the exhaust damper 13, and further the return air damper 14 are controlled, so that the differential pressure between the chamber R1 and the vertical space 1 is reduced. It is possible to approach 0, thereby correcting the collapse of the air balance between the room R1 and the vertical space 1 in the building B, and suppressing the loss of air-conditioning energy and the deterioration of the indoor environment due to a draft or the like. .

ところで、室内−屋外間の差圧が大きい場合と小さい場合（すなわち差圧０を基準とした差圧の絶対値が大小の場合）とでは、還気ファン１２の回転数や排気ダンパ１３の開度が同じでも、空気移動量が変わってしまう。すなわち、煙突効果により室内屋外の差圧が大きくなる（高層階などで室内圧が大きくなる）と、排気の移動量（ＣＡＶユニット２３からの排気や、排気口５ａ（１台とは限らない）空調機からの排気などのすべてを合計した量）が所望の量よりも多くなってしまう。したがって、室内−屋外間の差圧が大きくなれば、還気ファン１２の回転数や排気ダンパ１３開度の変化量を小さくして、所望の排気量となるようにすることが好ましい。   By the way, when the differential pressure between the indoor and the outdoor is large or small (that is, when the absolute value of the differential pressure with reference to the differential pressure 0 is large or small), the rotational speed of the return air fan 12 or the opening of the exhaust damper 13 is increased. Even if the degree is the same, the amount of air movement will change. That is, when the differential pressure outside the room increases due to the chimney effect (the indoor pressure increases on higher floors, etc.), the amount of exhaust movement (exhaust from the CAV unit 23 and the exhaust port 5a (not limited to one)). The total amount of exhaust air from the air conditioner is greater than the desired amount. Therefore, if the differential pressure between the indoor and outdoor is increased, it is preferable to reduce the amount of change in the rotational speed of the return air fan 12 and the opening degree of the exhaust damper 13 so as to obtain a desired exhaust amount.

すなわち、室内圧−屋外圧の圧力差が大きい場合には、室Ｒ１内圧力−縦空間１内圧力の差圧に応じた還気ファン１２の回転数や排気ダンパ１３の開度の変化の度合いを小さくして、応答性を小さくする。逆に室内圧−屋外圧の値が小さい場合には、室Ｒ１内圧力−縦空間１内圧力の差圧に応じた還気ファン１２の回転数や排気ダンパ１３の開度の変化の度合いを大きくして、応答性を高めることが好ましい。   That is, when the pressure difference between the indoor pressure and the outdoor pressure is large, the degree of change in the rotation speed of the return air fan 12 and the opening degree of the exhaust damper 13 according to the differential pressure between the pressure in the chamber R1 and the pressure in the vertical space 1 To reduce responsiveness. Conversely, when the value of the indoor pressure-outdoor pressure is small, the degree of change in the rotational speed of the return air fan 12 and the opening degree of the exhaust damper 13 according to the differential pressure between the pressure in the chamber R1 and the pressure in the vertical space 1 is set. It is preferable to increase the responsiveness.

図２は、そのことを説明するものであり、図中、「操作量」とは、還気ファン１２、及び排気ダンパ１３に対する操作量のことであり、図中、Ｋ点は、室Ｒ１内圧力−縦空間１内圧力の差圧が０のときの、還気ファン１２、及び排気ダンパ１３の通常時の操作量を示している。そして差圧が正の場合には、還気ファン１２の回転数は高くする制御、排気ダンパ１３の開度を大きくする制御が行なわれ、Ｋ点から図中の上側に操作量を増大する制御が行なわれる。差圧が負の場合には、還気ファン１２の回転数は低くする制御、排気ダンパ１３の開度を小さくする制御が行なわれ、Ｋ点から図中の下側に操作量を減少する制御が行なわれる。   FIG. 2 explains this, and in the figure, the “operation amount” is the operation amount for the return air fan 12 and the exhaust damper 13, and in the figure, the point K is in the chamber R 1. The amount of normal operation of the return air fan 12 and the exhaust damper 13 when the pressure-pressure difference in the vertical space 1 is zero is shown. When the differential pressure is positive, control for increasing the rotational speed of the return air fan 12 and control for increasing the opening of the exhaust damper 13 are performed, and control for increasing the operation amount from the K point to the upper side in the figure. Is done. When the differential pressure is negative, control is performed to reduce the rotational speed of the return air fan 12, and control to reduce the opening of the exhaust damper 13, and control to decrease the operation amount from the K point downward in the figure. Is done.

そして図２中、実線で示した操作量の変化は、室内圧−屋外圧の圧力差を考慮せず、室Ｒ１内圧力−縦空間１内圧力の差圧に基づいた場合を示しており、一点鎖線で示した操作量の変化は、室内圧−屋外圧の圧力差が小さい場合の、応答性を高めるための操作量の変化を示しており、破線で示した操作量の変化は、室内圧−屋外圧の圧力差が大きい場合の、応答性を弱めるための操作量の変化を示している。なお図２は、比例制御を例にして、応答性の変化を示したものであるが、比例制御だけではオフセット（残留偏差）が現れることもあるため、必要に応じて積分制御を用いてもよい。   And the change of the operation amount shown by the solid line in FIG. 2 shows the case where the pressure difference between the room pressure and the outdoor pressure is not taken into consideration, and the pressure is based on the pressure difference between the pressure in the chamber R1 and the pressure in the vertical space 1, The change in the manipulated variable indicated by the alternate long and short dash line indicates the change in the manipulated variable for improving the response when the pressure difference between the indoor pressure and the outdoor pressure is small. The change of the manipulated variable for weakening the responsiveness when the pressure difference between the pressure and the outdoor pressure is large is shown. Note that FIG. 2 shows the change in responsiveness using proportional control as an example. However, since offset (residual deviation) may appear only with proportional control, integral control may be used as necessary. Good.

このように、室内圧−屋外圧の圧力差の大小によって、操作量の変化の度合いを変化させて、制御の応答性を定めるパラメータを変更することで、室内外の差圧の大小に応じた適切な応答速度で制御を行なうことが可能である。図１に示した空調システムでは、第２の計測装置３２を設置しているので、室内圧−屋外圧の圧力差を検出して、前記した制御の応答性を定めるパラメータを変更することが可能である。   As described above, the degree of change in the operation amount is changed depending on the magnitude of the pressure difference between the indoor pressure and the outdoor pressure, and the parameter for determining the control response is changed, so that the pressure difference according to the indoor / outdoor pressure is changed. Control can be performed at an appropriate response speed. In the air conditioning system shown in FIG. 1, since the second measuring device 32 is installed, it is possible to detect the pressure difference between the indoor pressure and the outdoor pressure and change the parameter that determines the responsiveness of the control described above. It is.

また、ある建物において室内−屋外温度差が同じであれば、同じような圧力分布が得られる。したがって室内−屋外温度差がわかれば、当該建物における室の高さ（階数）に対する、室内−屋外差圧の大きさを求めることができる。   Moreover, if the indoor-outdoor temperature difference is the same in a certain building, a similar pressure distribution can be obtained. Therefore, if the indoor-outdoor temperature difference is known, the magnitude of the indoor-outdoor differential pressure with respect to the height (number of floors) of the room in the building can be obtained.

すなわち、発明者らの知見によれば、図３示したように、室内−屋外温度差が大きい場合には、煙突効果が大きくなり、その結果、室高さに対する室内圧の上昇度合いが大きくなる（図３中の実線）。逆に、室内−屋外温度差が小さい場合には、煙突効果が小さくなり、その結果、室高さに対する室内圧の上昇度合いが小さくなる（図３中の破線）。   That is, according to the knowledge of the inventors, as shown in FIG. 3, when the indoor-outdoor temperature difference is large, the chimney effect is increased, and as a result, the degree of increase in the indoor pressure with respect to the room height is increased. (Solid line in FIG. 3). Conversely, when the indoor-outdoor temperature difference is small, the chimney effect is small, and as a result, the degree of increase in the indoor pressure with respect to the room height is small (broken line in FIG. 3).

このことを利用して、室Ｒ１の高さにおける、室内圧−屋外圧の予測値を算定することによって、前記した図２に示したような、制御の応答性を定めるパラメータを変更し、その結果、室内外の差圧の大小に応じた適切な応答速度で制御を行なうことが可能である。室内圧−屋外圧の予測値の算定にあたっては、たとえば、次のようにして行なうことができる。すなわち、空気の密度ρは、温度（℃ｃ）をｔとすると、次式で表せる。
ρ＝１．２９３／（１＋０．００３６７×ｔ）［ｋｇ／ｍ３］
ここで、対象となる建物のＢ１Ｆと１Ｆに、縦空間と外気が常時つながった通路等があるとすると、上層階の煙突効果は１Ｆが基準（ΔＰ＝０）となり、１Ｆからの高低差ｈに比例して、差圧ΔＰ（室内圧−屋外圧）が増大する。したがって、室内の密度をρ１、室外の密度をρ２とすると、差圧ΔＰは、
ΔＰ＝（ρ２−ρ１）×ｇ×ｈと算定できる。（ｇは重力加速度）
そしてそのようにして室内圧−屋外圧を予測することで、高価な差圧計を用いることなく、温度計による室内−屋外温度差によって、かかるパラメータの変更を行なうことができる。 By utilizing this, by calculating the predicted value of the indoor pressure-outdoor pressure at the height of the chamber R1, the parameter for determining the control responsiveness as shown in FIG. As a result, it is possible to perform control at an appropriate response speed according to the magnitude of the pressure difference inside and outside the room. For example, the predicted value of the indoor pressure and the outdoor pressure can be calculated as follows. That is, the density ρ of air can be expressed by the following equation, where t is the temperature (° C.).
ρ = 1.293 / (1 + 0.00367 × t) [kg / m 3 ]
Here, if there is a passage where the vertical space and outside air are always connected to B1F and 1F of the target building, the chimney effect of the upper floor is 1F as the reference (ΔP = 0), and the height difference from 1F is h In proportion to the pressure difference ΔP (indoor pressure−outdoor pressure) increases. Therefore, when the indoor density is ρ 1 and the outdoor density is ρ 2 , the differential pressure ΔP is
It can be calculated as ΔP = (ρ 2 −ρ 1 ) × g × h. (G is gravitational acceleration)
And by predicting the indoor pressure-outdoor pressure in this way, such a parameter can be changed by the indoor-outdoor temperature difference by the thermometer without using an expensive differential pressure gauge.

また、外気温度は時期（たとえば季節、時間帯など）により大きく変わるが、室内温度は空調装置により制御されており、外気温度と比較して時期による変化は小さいので、外気温度さえ計測すれば、室高さに対する室内−屋外差圧の大まかな大きさを求めることができる。したがって、上記の「温度差が大きい場合」、「温度差が小さい場合」を、それぞれ「外気温が低い場合」、「外気温が高い場合」とみなして、制御するようにしてもよい。   Also, the outside air temperature varies greatly depending on the time (for example, season, time zone, etc.), but the room temperature is controlled by the air conditioner, and the change due to the time is small compared to the outside air temperature. An approximate magnitude of the indoor-outdoor differential pressure relative to the room height can be determined. Therefore, the above-mentioned “when the temperature difference is large” and “when the temperature difference is small” may be regarded as “when the outside air temperature is low” and “when the outside air temperature is high”, respectively.

さらにまた前記した還気ダンパ１４の制御についても、前記した図２に即して説明したように、室内圧−屋外圧の圧力差の大小によって、操作量の変化の度合いを変化させて、制御の応答性を定めるパラメータを変更することで、室内外の差圧の大小に応じた適切な応答速度で制御を行なうことが可能である。   Furthermore, as described with reference to FIG. 2, the control of the return air damper 14 is also performed by changing the degree of change in the manipulated variable according to the pressure difference between the indoor pressure and the outdoor pressure. It is possible to perform control at an appropriate response speed according to the magnitude of the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the room by changing the parameter that determines the responsiveness.

すなわち、図４において、「操作量」とは、還気ダンパ１４に対する操作量のことであり、図中、Ｌ点は、室Ｒ１内圧力−縦空間１内圧力の差圧が０のときの、還気ダンパ１４の通常時の操作量を示している。そして差圧が正の場合には、還気ダンパ１４の開度を小さくし、差圧が負の場合には、還気ダンパ１４の開度を大きくする制御が行なわれる。そして図４において、実線で示した操作量の変化は、室内圧−屋外圧の圧力差を考慮せず、室Ｒ１内圧力−縦空間１内圧力の差圧に基づいた場合を示しており、一点鎖線で示した操作量の変化は、室内圧−屋外圧の圧力差が小さい場合の、応答性を高めるための還気ダンパ１４の操作量の変化を示しており、破線で示した操作量の変化は、室内圧−屋外圧の圧力差が大きい場合の、応答性を弱めるための還気ダンパ１４の操作量の変化を示している。   That is, in FIG. 4, the “operation amount” is an operation amount for the return air damper 14, and in the drawing, point L is when the pressure difference between the pressure in the chamber R 1 and the pressure in the vertical space 1 is zero. The amount of operation of the return air damper 14 during normal operation is shown. When the differential pressure is positive, the opening degree of the return air damper 14 is reduced, and when the differential pressure is negative, the opening degree of the return air damper 14 is increased. In FIG. 4, the change in the operation amount indicated by the solid line shows a case based on the pressure difference between the pressure in the chamber R1 and the pressure in the vertical space 1 without considering the pressure difference between the indoor pressure and the outdoor pressure. The change in the operation amount indicated by the alternate long and short dash line indicates the change in the operation amount of the return air damper 14 for enhancing the responsiveness when the pressure difference between the indoor pressure and the outdoor pressure is small, and the operation amount indicated by the broken line This change indicates a change in the operation amount of the return air damper 14 for weakening the responsiveness when the pressure difference between the indoor pressure and the outdoor pressure is large.

このような室内圧−屋外圧の圧力差の大小も勘案して、還気ダンパ１４の操作量の変化の度合いを変化させて、制御の応答性を定めるパラメータを変更することで、室内外の差圧の大小に応じた適切な応答速度で制御を行なうことが可能である。もちろん、かかる場合も、前記した図３に即して説明したように、室内圧−屋外圧の圧力差に代えて、室内−屋外温度差に基づいて、パラメータを変更するようにしてもよい。   Taking into account the magnitude of the pressure difference between the indoor pressure and the outdoor pressure, the degree of change in the operation amount of the return air damper 14 is changed, and the parameter that determines the control responsiveness is changed. It is possible to control at an appropriate response speed according to the magnitude of the differential pressure. Of course, in this case, as described with reference to FIG. 3, the parameter may be changed based on the indoor-outdoor temperature difference instead of the pressure difference between the indoor pressure and the outdoor pressure.

また前記実施の形態では、まず還気ファン１２の回転数制御を優先して、差圧が０となるようにしていたが、排気ダンパ１３の開度制御を優先的に制御するようにしてもよい。そしてかかる場合、排気ダンパ１３の開度を制御した際に、全開または全閉に達した後一定時間経過しても、差圧が０にならない場合には、さらに還気ファン１２の回転数を制御して差圧が０になるように制御するようにしてもよい。そしてそのように還気ファン１２の回転数をさらに制御した際、還気ファン１２の回転数が予め定めた最小値または最大値に達した後一定時間経過しても、前記差圧が０にならない場合、還気の一部を、外気導入口から導入した外気と混合するにあたって、還気ダンパ１４の開度を制御して、前記差圧が０になるように制御するようにしてもよい。   In the above-described embodiment, the rotational pressure control of the return air fan 12 is first given priority so that the differential pressure becomes zero. However, the opening degree control of the exhaust damper 13 may be preferentially controlled. Good. In such a case, when the opening degree of the exhaust damper 13 is controlled, if the differential pressure does not become zero even after a certain time has elapsed after reaching full open or full close, the rotational speed of the return air fan 12 is further increased. Control may be performed so that the differential pressure becomes zero. When the rotational speed of the return air fan 12 is further controlled as described above, even if a certain time elapses after the rotational speed of the return air fan 12 reaches a predetermined minimum value or maximum value, the differential pressure becomes zero. If this is not the case, when the part of the return air is mixed with the outside air introduced from the outside air inlet, the opening of the return air damper 14 may be controlled so that the differential pressure becomes zero. .

還気ファン１２の回転数が予め設定された上限値または下限値に達し、一定時間（チャタリングを考慮して、たとえば１０秒程度）経過しても、未だ差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）が０にならない場合に、排気ダンパ１３の開度をそれまでの開度からさらに予め定めた所定量大きくするかまたは予め定めた所定量小さくするようにしてもよい。   Even if the rotational speed of the return air fan 12 reaches a preset upper limit value or lower limit value and a certain time (for example, about 10 seconds in consideration of chattering) elapses, the differential pressure (room pressure-longitudinal space pressure) still remains. When the value does not become 0, the opening degree of the exhaust damper 13 may be further increased by a predetermined amount from the previous opening degree or may be decreased by a predetermined amount.

すなわち、差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）が正の状態で還気ファン１２の回転数が上限値に達した場合には、排気ダンパ１３の開度をそれまでの開度からさらに予め定めた所定量（例えば全開を１００、全閉を０とすると５程度）だけ大きくしてその開度を維持する。排気ダンパ１３の開度が大きくなると、チャンバ１１ａに導入された還気のうち、排気として屋外に放出される分が多くなるので、室圧は下がる。そして、差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）が負圧の所定値になったところで、還気ファン１２の回転数を上限値の状態から下げて、差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）が０となるように制御に戻る。このとき排気ダンパ１３はそのままの開度を維持している。   That is, when the differential pressure (chamber pressure−vertical space pressure) is positive and the rotational speed of the return air fan 12 reaches the upper limit value, the opening degree of the exhaust damper 13 is further determined in advance from the previous opening degree. The opening degree is increased by a predetermined amount (for example, approximately 5 when fully open is 100 and fully closed is 0). When the opening degree of the exhaust damper 13 increases, the amount of the return air introduced into the chamber 11a that is released to the outside as exhaust increases, so the room pressure decreases. When the differential pressure (room pressure-vertical space pressure) reaches a predetermined negative value, the rotational speed of the return air fan 12 is lowered from the upper limit value so that the differential pressure (room pressure-vertical space pressure) is reduced. Control is returned to zero. At this time, the exhaust damper 13 maintains the opening degree as it is.

逆に差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）が負の状態で還気ファン１２の回転数が下限値に達した場合には、排気ダンパ１３の開度をそれまでの開度から予め定めた所定量小さくする。排気ダンパ１３の開度が小さくなると、還気として室Ｒ１に戻される換気量が増加して室圧は上がる。そして、差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）が正圧の所定値になったところで、還気ファン１２の回転数を下限値の状態から上げて、差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）を０にする制御に戻る。   On the contrary, when the rotational pressure of the return air fan 12 reaches the lower limit with the differential pressure (chamber pressure−vertical space pressure) being negative, the opening degree of the exhaust damper 13 is determined in advance from the opening degree so far. Decrease by a predetermined amount. When the opening degree of the exhaust damper 13 decreases, the ventilation amount returned to the chamber R1 as return air increases and the chamber pressure increases. Then, when the differential pressure (room pressure−vertical space pressure) reaches a predetermined value of positive pressure, the rotational speed of the return air fan 12 is increased from the lower limit value, and the differential pressure (room pressure−vertical space pressure) is increased. Return to control to zero.

またさらに、排気ダンパ１３の開度を所定量大きくするかまたは小さくしてから予め設定した所定時間経過しても差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）が負圧または正圧の所定値にならない場合には、排気ダンパ１３の開度をさらに所定量大きくするかまたは小さくする。すなわち、差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）が正の値から還気ファン１２回転数が上限値に達し排気ダンパ１３開度を所定量大きくしても負圧の所定値にならない場合には、排気ダンパ１３をさらに所定量大きくする。逆に差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）が負の値から還気ファン１２回転数が下限値に達し、排気ダンパ１３の開度を所定量小さくしても正圧の所定値にならない場合には、排気ダンパ１３の開度をさらに所定量小さくする。   Furthermore, even if a predetermined time elapses after the opening degree of the exhaust damper 13 is increased or decreased by a predetermined amount, the differential pressure (chamber pressure−vertical space pressure) does not become a predetermined value of negative pressure or positive pressure. In this case, the opening degree of the exhaust damper 13 is further increased or decreased by a predetermined amount. That is, when the differential pressure (chamber pressure−vertical space pressure) is a positive value and the rotational speed of the return air fan 12 reaches the upper limit value and the exhaust damper 13 opening degree is increased by a predetermined amount, the negative pressure does not become a predetermined value. The exhaust damper 13 is further increased by a predetermined amount. Conversely, when the differential pressure (chamber pressure-vertical space pressure) is a negative value and the rotational speed of the return air fan 12 reaches the lower limit value, the positive pressure does not become the predetermined value even if the opening degree of the exhaust damper 13 is reduced by a predetermined amount. For this, the opening degree of the exhaust damper 13 is further reduced by a predetermined amount.

また、還気ファン１２の回転数が、予め設定された上限値または下限値に達し、なおかつ排気ダンパ１３の開度が予め設定された最大開度あるいは最小開度に達しても、差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）が負圧または正圧の所定値にならない場合には、還気ダンパ１４を、通常時の制御から切り離して制御を行うようにしてもよい。   Further, even if the rotational speed of the return air fan 12 reaches a preset upper limit value or lower limit value, and the opening degree of the exhaust damper 13 reaches a preset maximum opening degree or minimum opening degree, the differential pressure ( When the chamber pressure-vertical space pressure does not reach a predetermined value of negative pressure or positive pressure, the return air damper 14 may be controlled separately from the normal control.

すなわち、差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）が正の値から、還気ファン１２回転数が上限値に達し排気ダンパ１３の開度が最大開度に達しても負圧の所定値にならない場合には、還気ダンパ１４を閉める方向に制御する。還気ダンパ１４の開度が小さくなると、室Ｒ１に戻す還気量が低減し、その結果室圧は下がるので、差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）が０になる方向に変化する。逆に差圧（室圧―縦空間圧）が負の値から還気ファン１２回転数が下限値に達し排気ダンパ１３の開度が最小開度に達しても正圧の所定値にならない場合には、還気ダンパ１４の開度を大きくする方向に制御する。   That is, even if the differential pressure (chamber pressure-vertical space pressure) is a positive value, the return air fan 12 rotation speed reaches the upper limit value, and the opening degree of the exhaust damper 13 does not reach the predetermined value of the negative pressure. In such a case, control is performed so that the return air damper 14 is closed. When the opening degree of the return air damper 14 is reduced, the amount of return air returned to the chamber R1 is reduced. As a result, the chamber pressure is lowered, so that the differential pressure (room pressure−vertical space pressure) is changed to zero. Conversely, when the differential pressure (chamber pressure−vertical space pressure) is a negative value, the return air fan 12 rotation speed reaches the lower limit value and the exhaust damper 13 does not reach the predetermined value even if the opening degree reaches the minimum opening degree. First, the opening degree of the return air damper 14 is controlled to be increased.

空気の移動量の調整は、排気ダンパ１３の開度制御によって行うよりも、還気ファン１２の回転数制御によって行う方が、より細かい調整が可能であるので、上記のように排気ダンパ１３の開度は段階的に所定量ずつ大きくするかまたは小さくするようにして、還気ファン１２の回転数を連続的に制御することにより空気の移動量を調整するようにすれば、室圧を細かく調整することが可能となる。   Since the adjustment of the amount of air movement can be performed more finely by performing the rotation speed control of the return air fan 12 than by performing the opening degree control of the exhaust damper 13, the adjustment of the exhaust damper 13 is performed as described above. If the opening degree is increased or decreased by a predetermined amount step by step, and the amount of air movement is adjusted by continuously controlling the rotational speed of the return air fan 12, the chamber pressure is reduced. It becomes possible to adjust.

図１に示した空調システムでは、第１の計測装置３１、第２の計測装置３２は、いずれも差圧計を用いていたが、これに限らず、差圧に比例した物理量（たとたえば電圧や電流）を出力する装置の出力値を用いたり、前記室Ｒ１と縦空間１とを隔てる壁２に形成された開口（図示せず）に、当該開口を通過する風量、風速若しくは風量に比例した物理量（たとたえば電圧や電流）を出力する装置の出力値を用いるようにしてもよい。   In the air conditioning system shown in FIG. 1, the first measuring device 31 and the second measuring device 32 both use a differential pressure gauge. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a physical quantity proportional to the differential pressure (for example, voltage Or an output value of a device that outputs a current), or an opening (not shown) formed in the wall 2 separating the chamber R1 and the vertical space 1 is proportional to the air volume, the wind speed, or the air volume passing through the opening. The output value of the device that outputs the physical quantity (for example, voltage or current) may be used.

図５は、風量に比例した物量を出力する計測装置５１の例を示しており、この計測装置５１は、チャンバ５２の内部が２つの流路５２ａ、５２bに仕切られており、流路５２ａには、熱線風速計５３が設けられ、他の流路５２ｂには、２本の電極５４、５５が設けられている。電極５４は剛性が高く、電極５５は、風を受けて柔軟に変形する構造を有している。これら２本の電極５４、５５は、風の流路に沿って並んで設置されており、流路に風が流れていないときは、両者は接触している。   FIG. 5 shows an example of a measuring device 51 that outputs an object quantity proportional to the air volume. The measuring device 51 has an interior of a chamber 52 divided into two flow paths 52a and 52b. Is provided with a hot-wire anemometer 53, and two electrodes 54 and 55 are provided in the other channel 52b. The electrode 54 has high rigidity, and the electrode 55 has a structure that is flexibly deformed by receiving wind. These two electrodes 54 and 55 are arranged side by side along the flow path of the wind, and when the wind is not flowing through the flow path, they are in contact with each other.

そして、風が開口部５６から開口部５７に向かって流れるとすると、電極５５は、開口部５７に向かって変形するため、２本の電極の接触状態が解かれて、接点が開く（接点が切れる）。逆に開口部５７から開口部５６に向かって風が流れると、電極５５は電極５４に向かって変形しようとするため、接点は閉じたまま（接点がつながったまま）になる。このように、電極５４と電極５５との開閉状態で風の流れる方向を検出し、熱線風速計５３で風の強さを計測することができる。なお熱線風速計５３からの出力は、変換器５８によって変換されて、出力線５９から、たとえば制御装置Ｃへと出力される。   If the wind flows from the opening 56 toward the opening 57, the electrode 55 is deformed toward the opening 57, so that the contact state of the two electrodes is released and the contact is opened (the contact is opened). Cut). Conversely, when wind flows from the opening 57 toward the opening 56, the electrode 55 tends to be deformed toward the electrode 54, so that the contact remains closed (the contact remains connected). Thus, the direction of wind flow can be detected in the open / closed state of the electrode 54 and the electrode 55, and the wind intensity can be measured by the hot wire anemometer 53. The output from the hot wire anemometer 53 is converted by the converter 58 and output from the output line 59 to, for example, the control device C.

図６は、風量に比例した物量を出力する他の計測装置６１の例を示しており、計測装置６１の本体６２の内部には液体が充填され、この液体中に振り子６３が浸漬されている。この振り子６３は、液体中に設けられた支点６４に中央部６３ａが支持され、両端部には、重錘を兼ねた水中抵抗体６３ｂ、６３ｃが設けられている。   FIG. 6 shows an example of another measuring device 61 that outputs a quantity proportional to the air volume. The main body 62 of the measuring device 61 is filled with a liquid, and the pendulum 63 is immersed in the liquid. . The pendulum 63 has a central portion 63a supported by a fulcrum 64 provided in the liquid, and underwater resistors 63b and 63c that also serve as weights are provided at both ends.

振り子６３の中央部６３ａの上側には、受風体６３ｄが設けられて水面から突出している。そして本体６２の上部に対向して設けられた風の流路６５、６６を流れる風を受けることができる。受風体６３ｄの位置は、レーザ距離計６７で計測するようになっており、無風時の距離と、計測した距離の差から風向と風速を計測することが可能である。なお、振り子６３は液中に浸漬されているので液体の粘性によって、受風体６３ｄの自励振動や、突発的な風による急激な動きを防止することができるようになっている。   A wind receiving body 63d is provided above the central portion 63a of the pendulum 63 and protrudes from the water surface. And the wind which flows through the flow paths 65 and 66 of the wind provided facing the upper part of the main body 62 can be received. The position of the wind receiving body 63d is measured by a laser distance meter 67, and it is possible to measure the wind direction and the wind speed from the difference between the distance when there is no wind and the measured distance. Since the pendulum 63 is immersed in the liquid, the viscosity of the liquid can prevent self-excited vibration of the wind receiving body 63d and sudden movement due to sudden wind.

なお、以上は室内の温度に応じて室内へ空調空気の給気風量を制御するシステムにおいて本発明を適用した例を示したものであるが、例えば室内のＣＯ２の濃度により室内への給気風量を制御するシステムにおいても本発明は適用できる。すなわち、たとえば室内にＣＯ２濃度センサを設置し、当該ＣＯ２濃度センサが示す数値に基づいて排気ダンパ１３や還気ダンパ１４の開度を調整して、室内への外気取入れ量を制御するシステムにおいて、上述した方法と同様に排気ダンパ１３や還気ダンパ１４の開度を、「室圧―縦空間圧」が０になる方向に制御すればよい。 Although the above shows an example in which the present invention is applied to a system that controls the supply air volume of conditioned air into the room according to the indoor temperature, for example, the supply of air into the room by the concentration of indoor CO 2 The present invention can also be applied to a system for controlling the air volume. Thus, for example a system of the CO 2 concentration sensor is installed in a room, by adjusting the degree of opening of the exhaust damper 13 and the return air damper 14 based on the numerical value indicated by the CO 2 concentration sensor, to control the outside air intake amount into the room In the same manner as described above, the opening degree of the exhaust damper 13 and the return air damper 14 may be controlled so that the “room pressure−vertical space pressure” becomes zero.

なお、例えば還気ダンパ１４が全閉の場合、還気ファン１２によって室Ｒ１、Ｒ２から還気口３ａを通じて排出される空気は、すべて屋外へ排気されることになるが、この場合であっても、当該排出される空気は、本発明における還気である。もちろん還気ダンパ１４が全閉の場合には、還気ファン１２は、実質的には排気ファンとして機能しているが、依然として本発明でいうところの還気ファンである。   For example, when the return air damper 14 is fully closed, all the air discharged from the chambers R1 and R2 through the return air port 3a by the return air fan 12 is exhausted to the outside. However, the discharged air is the return air in the present invention. Of course, when the return air damper 14 is fully closed, the return air fan 12 substantially functions as an exhaust fan, but is still a return air fan in the present invention.

本発明は、ビル等の比較的高層の建物の空調に有用である。   The present invention is useful for air conditioning of relatively high-rise buildings such as buildings.

１ 縦空間
２、３ 壁
３ａ 還気口
４ 機械室
５ 外壁
５ａ、５ｃ 排気口
５ｂ 外気導入口
１１ 空調機
１１ａ チャンバ
１１ｂ 加熱コイル
１１ｃ 冷却コイル
１１ｄ 加湿器
１２ 還気ファン
１３ 排気ダンパ
１４ 還気ダンパ
１５ 外気ダンパ
１６ 給気ファン
２１ ＶＡＶユニット
２２ 天井
２２ａ 給気口
２２ｂ 排気口
２３ ＣＡＶユニット
２４ 排気ダクト
３１ 第１の計測装置
３２ 第２の計測装置
Ｂ ビル
Ｃ 制御装置
Ｒ１、Ｒ２ 室
ＲＥ 排気のある室 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vertical space 2, 3 Wall 3a Return air port 4 Machine room 5 Outer wall 5a, 5c Exhaust port 5b Outside air introduction port 11 Air conditioner 11a Chamber 11b Heating coil 11c Cooling coil 11d Humidifier 12 Return air fan 13 Exhaust damper 14 Return air damper 15 Outside air damper 16 Supply fan 21 VAV unit 22 Ceiling 22a Supply port 22b Exhaust port 23 CAV unit 24 Exhaust duct 31 First measurement device 32 Second measurement device B Building C Control device R1, R2 Chamber RE Exhaust Room

Claims (8)

複数階床を有する建物内部を縦に貫く縦空間と、隙間、開口、またはダクトによって通じている各階の室の空調を個別に行なう方法であって、
還気ファンによって室の還気の一部を、外気導入口から導入した外気と混合し、熱交換器によって熱交換して温度調整した後に、空調空気として前記室に供給し、還気の残りの一部は排気口から排気する空調方法において、
前記縦空間は、当該縦空間と建物外部との間で給気、排気を行う機構は有さず、
前記室へは、室内の圧力とは無関係の変風量方式によって、温度調整した後の空調空気が供給されており、
前記室と前記縦空間内の差圧を計測し、当該差圧が０になるように、各階の室に対して前記還気ファンの回転数を個別に制御することを特徴とする、建物の空調方法。 A method of individually air-conditioning a vertical space penetrating through a building having a plurality of floors and a room on each floor connected by a gap, an opening, or a duct,
A part of the return air in the room is mixed with the outside air introduced from the outside air introduction port by the return air fan, the heat is exchanged by the heat exchanger and the temperature is adjusted, and then supplied to the room as conditioned air, and the remaining return air Part of the air-conditioning method of exhausting from the exhaust port,
The vertical space does not have a mechanism for supplying and exhausting air between the vertical space and the outside of the building,
The chamber is supplied with conditioned air after temperature adjustment by a variable air volume method independent of the pressure in the room,
The pressure difference between the room and the vertical space is measured, and the number of rotations of the return air fan is individually controlled for the room on each floor so that the pressure difference becomes 0. Air conditioning method. 建物内部を縦に貫く縦空間と、隙間、開口、またはダクトによって通じている室の空調を行なう方法であって、
還気ファンによって室の還気の一部を、外気導入口から導入した外気と混合し、熱交換器によって熱交換して温度調整した後に、空調空気として前記室に供給し、還気の残りの一部は排気口から排気する空調方法において、
前記室へは、室内の圧力とは無関係の変風量方式によって、温度調整した後の空調空気が供給されており、
前記室と前記縦空間内の差圧を計測し、当該差圧が０になるように、前記還気ファンの回転数を制御し、
屋外と前記室内との差圧に基づいて、前記還気ファンの回転数を調節する制御の応答性を決定するパラメータを変化させることを特徴とする、建物の空調方法。 A method of air-conditioning a vertical space penetrating through the interior of a building and a room connected by a gap, an opening, or a duct,
A part of the return air in the room is mixed with the outside air introduced from the outside air introduction port by the return air fan, the heat is exchanged by the heat exchanger and the temperature is adjusted, and then supplied to the room as conditioned air, and the remaining return air Part of the air-conditioning method of exhausting from the exhaust port,
The chamber is supplied with conditioned air after temperature adjustment by a variable air volume method independent of the pressure in the room,
Measure the differential pressure in the chamber and the vertical space, and control the rotational speed of the return air fan so that the differential pressure becomes 0,
A building air-conditioning method , wherein a parameter for determining responsiveness of control for adjusting the number of rotations of the return air fan is changed based on a differential pressure between the outdoors and the room . 建物内部を縦に貫く縦空間と、隙間、開口、またはダクトによって通じている室の空調を行なう方法であって、
還気ファンによって室の還気の一部を、外気導入口から導入した外気と混合し、熱交換器によって熱交換して温度調整した後に、空調空気として前記室に供給し、還気の残りの一部は排気口から排気する空調方法において、
前記室へは、室内の圧力とは無関係の変風量方式によって、温度調整した後の空調空気が供給されており、
前記室と前記縦空間内の差圧を計測し、当該差圧が０になるように、前記還気ファンの回転数を制御し、
前記室内の温度と、外気の温度との温度差及び前記室の高さに基づいて、前記還気ファンの回転数を調節する制御の応答性を決定するパラメータを変化させることを特徴とする、建物の空調方法。 A method of air-conditioning a vertical space penetrating through the interior of a building and a room connected by a gap, an opening, or a duct,
A part of the return air in the room is mixed with the outside air introduced from the outside air introduction port by the return air fan, the heat is exchanged by the heat exchanger and the temperature is adjusted, and then supplied to the room as conditioned air, and the remaining return air Part of the air-conditioning method of exhausting from the exhaust port,
The chamber is supplied with conditioned air after temperature adjustment by a variable air volume method independent of the pressure in the room,
Measure the differential pressure in the chamber and the vertical space, and control the rotational speed of the return air fan so that the differential pressure becomes 0,
Based on the temperature difference between the room temperature and the outside air temperature and the height of the room, a parameter for determining the responsiveness of the control for adjusting the rotation speed of the return air fan is changed . How to air-condition buildings. 前記還気ファンの回転数を制御した際、還気ファンの回転数が予め定めた最小値または最大値に達した後一定時間経過した後に、前記排気口のダンパを一定量閉じるか、または一定量開く動作を行い、その後に前記差圧が０になるように、前記還気ファンの回転数を制御することを特徴とする、請求項1〜３のいずれか一項に記載の建物の空調方法。 When the rotational speed of the return air fan is controlled, a certain amount of time passes after the rotational speed of the return air fan reaches a predetermined minimum or maximum value, and then the damper of the exhaust port is closed by a certain amount or constant. The air conditioning of a building according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the number of rotations of the return air fan is controlled so that the differential pressure becomes zero after performing an opening operation. Method. 前記還気ファンの回転数を制御した際、還気ファンの回転数が予め定めた最小値または最大値に達した後一定時間経過しても、前記差圧が０にならない場合には、さらに前記排気口のダンパの開度を調整して、前記差圧が０になるように制御することを特徴とする、請求項1〜３のいずれか一項に記載の建物の空調方法。 When the rotational speed of the return air fan is controlled, if the differential pressure does not become 0 even after a predetermined time has elapsed after the rotational speed of the return air fan reaches a predetermined minimum value or maximum value, The building air conditioning method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein an opening degree of the damper of the exhaust port is adjusted to control the differential pressure to be zero. 前記排気口のダンパの開度を制御した際、前記排気口のダンパが全開または全閉に達した後一定時間経過しても、前記差圧が０にならない場合、
還気の一部を、外気導入口から導入した外気と混合するにあたって、還気と外気との混合流路に設けた還気ダンパの開度によって、混合する還気風量が調整可能な際には、当該還気ダンパの開度を制御して、前記差圧が０になるように制御することを特徴とする、請求項４または５に記載の建物の空調方法。 When controlling the opening degree of the exhaust outlet damper, if the differential pressure does not become 0 even after a certain period of time has elapsed after the exhaust opening damper has fully opened or fully closed,
When mixing a part of the return air with the outside air introduced from the outside air inlet, when the return air volume to be mixed can be adjusted by the opening of the return air damper provided in the return air and outside air mixing flow path 6. The building air conditioning method according to claim 4 , wherein the opening of the return air damper is controlled so that the differential pressure becomes zero. 前記差圧に替えて、差圧に比例した物理量を出力する装置の出力値を用いることを特徴とする、請求項１〜６のいずれか一項に記載の建物の空調方法。 The building air conditioning method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an output value of a device that outputs a physical quantity proportional to the differential pressure is used instead of the differential pressure. 前記差圧に替えて、前記室と縦空間とを隔てる壁体に形成された開口に設けられて当該開口を通過する風量、風速若しくは風量に比例した物理量を出力する装置の出力値を用いることを特徴とする、請求項１〜６のいずれか一項に記載の建物の空調方法。 Instead of the differential pressure, an output value of a device that is provided in an opening formed in a wall that separates the chamber and the vertical space and outputs a volume of air passing through the opening, a wind speed, or a physical quantity proportional to the volume of air is used. The building air conditioning method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein
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