JP5872184B2 - Lightning resistance test apparatus and test method - Google Patents

Description

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a test apparatus and a test method for evaluating the lightning resistance performance of a lightning strike circuit breaker or a power switch that separates an accident system during multiple lightning strikes to a power system.

  In the event of a lightning strike in the power system, an overvoltage is protected by a lightning arrester, and in the event of a short-circuit accident, a protection system that isolates the fault system with a circuit breaker is generally established. In order to improve it further, multiple lightning countermeasures for the second and subsequent lightning strikes that accompany the first lightning strike have attracted attention. Conventionally, the performance of the circuit breaker against lightning strikes immediately after a short-circuit fault current interruption has been verified. Verification tests are being conducted.

JP 7-35831 A JP-A-8-7712

"Countermeasures and test methods for circuit breakers considering multiple lightnings" The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, Protection and Protection System Study Group SPD-91-2 Tetsuo Uemura Takashi Matsuhisa (Reception date December 25, 1990)

  A circuit diagram applied to a conventional test apparatus is shown in FIG. This test circuit is a current source circuit for supplying a short-circuit current to a lightning circuit breaker or power switch (hereinafter referred to as “test device”) 22 used for the test by using the short-circuit generator 1 as a power source. 23 and a lightning impulse generating circuit 18 for applying an impulse voltage.

  In this conventional example, after a short-circuit current is interrupted in a predetermined procedure during a lightning strike test, an impulse voltage is applied to the EUT 22 by the lightning impulse generation circuit 18. Then, lightning resistance performance such as electrical withstand voltage characteristics is evaluated depending on how much impulse voltage it has withstood.

  By the way, when evaluating whether the impulse voltage can be withstood between the terminals of the EUT 22, in such a test circuit, when the limit current value is obtained, the electrical resistance at the product level in a shorter period of time. In order to grasp the voltage characteristics, the applied voltage may be excessive. At this time, the excessive impulse voltage applied to the lightning impulse generation circuit 18 is also applied to the auxiliary switch 16 in the same manner. Therefore, it is necessary to use the auxiliary switch 16 having a higher withstand voltage performance than the EUT 22 so that the auxiliary switch 16 does not flash with the applied impulse voltage. For example, when the rated voltage of the EUT 22 is 550 KV, the auxiliary switch 16 needs to have more performance, and there is a problem that the test apparatus becomes larger and the cost for the test becomes higher.

In order to solve the above-described problem, in each embodiment, a tester including a power breaker or a power switch, a current source circuit that supplies a short-circuit current to the tester during a first lightning strike, and a second time A plurality of lightning impulse generating circuits that respectively apply lightning impulse voltages having different polarities to one terminal of the EUT during a subsequent lightning strike test, and connection between the EUT and the plurality of lightning impulse generating circuits, respectively. And a voltage circuit for applying an AC voltage having a polarity opposite to that of the lightning impulse voltage applied by the lightning impulse generating circuit to the other terminal of the EUT.

  Each embodiment described below has been made to solve the above-mentioned problem. The lightning resistance performance at the time of occurrence of multiple lightnings can be reduced by simply adding a predetermined voltage circuit to an existing lightning resistance performance testing apparatus. It is possible to test quickly and accurately.

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a lightning resistance performance test apparatus when multiple lightning occurs according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram (oscillogram) showing voltage and current waveforms according to the first embodiment and a diagram showing on / off timings of the circuit components of FIG. 1. The circuit diagram of the lightning resistance performance test apparatus at the time of the multiple lightning generation which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram (oscillogram) showing voltage and current waveforms according to the second embodiment and a diagram showing on / off timings of the circuit components of FIG. 3. The circuit diagram of the lightning resistance performance test apparatus at the time of the multiple lightning generation which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram (oscillogram) showing voltage and current waveforms according to the third embodiment and a diagram showing on / off timings of the circuit components of FIG. 5. The circuit diagram of the lightning resistance performance test apparatus at the time of the multiple lightning generation which concerns on 4th Embodiment. FIG. 8 is a waveform diagram (oscillogram) showing voltage and current waveforms according to the fourth embodiment and a diagram showing on / off timings of the circuit components of FIG. The circuit diagram of the lightning resistance performance test apparatus at the time of the multiple lightning generation which concerns on 5th Embodiment. FIG. 10 is a waveform diagram (oscillogram) showing voltage and current waveforms according to the fifth embodiment and a diagram showing on / off timings of the circuit components of FIG. The circuit diagram of the lightning resistance performance test apparatus at the time of the multiple lightning generation which concerns on 6th Embodiment. FIG. 12 is a waveform diagram (oscillogram) showing voltage and current waveforms according to the sixth embodiment and a diagram showing on / off timings of the circuit components of FIG. 11. The circuit diagram of the conventional lightning resistance performance testing apparatus at the time of the multiple lightning strike.

Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(First embodiment)
A lightning resistance test apparatus for multiple lightning occurrence according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  In FIG. 1, the lightning resistance test apparatus omits the description of the current source circuit 23 which is the same component as the conventional circuit diagram (FIG. 13). FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram (oscillogram) showing voltage and current waveforms in the test according to the first embodiment, and a diagram showing on / off timings of the circuit components of FIG.

  In the present embodiment, an auxiliary switch (SA2) 14, a grounding point, and a current measuring device 21 are connected in series between the current source circuit 23 and a test device 22 made of, for example, a power breaker. After the EUT 22 interrupts the short-circuit current, the AC voltage application circuit 24 for applying an AC voltage to one terminal of the EUT 22 uses the short-circuit generator (Gen2) 2 as a power source, and a protective circuit breaker (SB2 ) 4, switch-on switch (SM2) 6, current suppression reactor (L2) 8, test transformer (Tr2) 12, current suppression resistor (Rv1) 10, and auxiliary switch (SA3) 15 The device 22 is connected in series.

  The terminal on the secondary side of the test transformer (Tr2) 12 is grounded. Here, the short-circuit generator (Gen2) 2 is used as the power source, but it is also possible to use an induction voltage regulator (IVR) from the commercial power source.

  In addition, the auxiliary switch (SA4) 16 connected in series between the EUT 22 and the lightning impulse generator circuit (IG1) 18 has the recovery voltage of the current source circuit 23 generated immediately after the short-circuit current is interrupted to generate the lightning impulse. This is a switch for preventing the circuit (IG1) 18 from being applied. The auxiliary switch (SA4) 16 may be a simple switch, but here, a gap switch is used. In this gap switch, for example, a trigger electrode is disposed in the vicinity of electrodes that are arranged to face each other with a certain gap, and a high voltage is applied to both electrodes.

  The polarity (for example, plus) of the voltage applied by the AC voltage application circuit 24 is opposite to the polarity (for example, minus) of the lightning impulse voltage applied by the lightning impulse generating circuit 18. In addition, although the size is arbitrary, for example, by setting the AC voltage peak value, without applying the lightning impulse voltage between the terminal and the ground with respect to the power circuit breaker as in the past, A desired voltage can be applied to the power breaker by applying voltages having opposite characteristics from both terminals of the power breaker 22.

  Here, only the AC voltage is applied to the auxiliary switches 13 to 15 connected to the power circuit breaker 22 and only the impulse voltage is applied to the auxiliary switch 16, but the respective voltages are set to be relatively low. Therefore, there is no flashing in any of the auxiliary switches 13-16. In this way, by applying voltages of different polarities to both terminals of the EUT, a voltage of a desired magnitude is applied to the EUT and a flash test is performed. Can be grasped.

  Here, with reference to FIG. 2, the test procedure (1)-(7) by the lightning-proof performance test apparatus of 1st Embodiment is demonstrated.

(1) Select the current suppressing reactor (L1) 7 so as to obtain a predetermined short-circuit current. The protective circuit breaker (SB2) 4 is turned on, the closing switch (SM2) 6 is turned on, the auxiliary switch (SA3) 15 of the AC voltage application circuit 24 is turned off, and the auxiliary switch (SA4) of the lightning impulse generator circuit (IG1) 18 ) 16 is turned off, and the lightning impulse generator circuit (IG1) 18 is fully charged to the specified charging voltage before the test. Short-circuit generator (Gen1) 1, short-circuit generator (Gen2) 2, and test transformer (Tr2) Reference numeral 12 denotes a predetermined excitation state.

(2) Protective circuit breaker (SB1) 3 of current source circuit 23 is turned on, closing switch (SM1) 5 is turned off, auxiliary switch (SA1) 13 is turned off, EUT 22 is turned on, auxiliary switch (SA2 ) Set 14 to ON.

(3) Start the test sequence, and first turn on the auxiliary switch (SA1) 13 at time t1. At time t2, the closing switch (SM1) 5 is turned ON. At this time t2, an AC short-circuit current is supplied to the EUT 22 by the short-circuit generator (Gen1) 1.

(4) At time t3, the EUT 22 is opened so that a predetermined arc time is reached, and the short-circuit current is interrupted.

(5) At time t4, the auxiliary switch (SA1) 13 and the auxiliary switch (SA2) 14 are both turned off, and the current source circuit 23 and the test device 22 are separated.

(6) At time t5, the auxiliary switch (SA3) 15 is turned ON, and the AC voltage application circuit 24 is connected to one terminal of the EUT 22.

(7) At time t6, the auxiliary switch (SA4) 16 is turned on, and the lightning impulse generator circuit (IG1) 18 applies a lightning impulse voltage with a voltage polarity and an AC voltage peak value that are opposite to the AC voltage. The lightning impulse generation circuit (IG1) 18 is started several tens of milliseconds after the current interruption. As the application timing, for example, a voltage measured by a voltage divider (not shown), a start command for a lightning impulse generation circuit (IG1) is detected by a charge / discharge control device (not shown), and input to the charge / discharge control device. Apply at the timing.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, by applying an AC voltage and a lightning impulse voltage having different polarities to both terminals of the EUT, a voltage having a desired magnitude is applied to the EUT. As a result, a small auxiliary switch with low withstand voltage characteristics can be used, so it is possible to reduce the size and cost of the lightning resistance test equipment and provide a highly reliable lightning resistance test equipment. can do.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a lightning resistance performance test apparatus at the time of occurrence of multiple lightnings according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
A circuit diagram of this embodiment is shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram (oscillogram) showing voltage and current waveforms according to the second embodiment, and a diagram showing on / off timings of the circuit components of FIG.

This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that a DC voltage application circuit 25 that generates a DC voltage is used as a voltage circuit instead of the AC voltage application circuit 24.
According to the second embodiment, in addition to the effects described in the first embodiment, by applying a DC voltage having a polarity opposite to the polarity of the lightning impulse voltage to one terminal of the EUT, It is possible to provide a lightning resistance performance testing apparatus that can be easily controlled such that the configuration of the voltage circuit becomes simple and the timing for starting the lightning impulse can be anytime during the period from t5 to t6.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a lightning resistance test apparatus for occurrence of multiple lightning according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
A circuit diagram of this embodiment is shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram (oscillogram) showing voltage and current waveforms according to the third embodiment and a diagram showing on / off timings of the circuit components of FIG.

This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a lightning impulse generating circuit (IG2) 19 is used as the voltage circuit 28 in place of the AC voltage applying circuit 24.
According to the third embodiment, in addition to the operational effects extended in the first embodiment, two sets of lightning impulse generation circuits are provided by using the lightning impulse generation circuits 18 and 19 on both sides of the EUT 22. The charging polarities of these are opposite to each other, and the lightning impulse generating circuits 18 and 19 can be controlled by the same starting signal. Further, it is possible to provide a lightning resistance test apparatus that can be controlled more easily, such as using a gap switch as the auxiliary switch (SA3) 15 as in the first embodiment.

(Fourth embodiment)
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
A circuit diagram of this embodiment is shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a waveform diagram (oscillogram) showing voltage and current waveforms according to the fourth embodiment and a diagram showing on / off timings of the circuit components of FIG.

  This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a plurality of sets of lightning impulse generation circuits are used. Here, an example using two sets of lightning impulse generation circuits will be described. In order to control the two sets of lightning impulse generation circuits, the start signals of the lightning impulse generation circuit 18 and the lightning impulse generation circuit 20 are controlled separately. Further, since an auxiliary switch (SA5) 17 is added, the auxiliary switch (SA4) 16 is controlled separately.

In the first embodiment, the auxiliary switch (SA4) 16 uses a gap switch, but in this embodiment, insulation is ensured so that no voltage is applied to the lightning impulse generator circuit 20 when the lightning impulse generator circuit 18 is started. The auxiliary switch (SA4) 16 is used to secure insulation so that no voltage is applied to the lightning impulse generator circuit 18 when the lightning impulse generator circuit 20 is started. .
The following is a test procedure according to the present embodiment, which is basically the same as the procedure of the first embodiment, but the procedure of the first embodiment is modified with respect to different points.

(1) Select the current suppressing reactor (L1) 7 so as to obtain a predetermined short-circuit current. The protective circuit breaker (SB2) 4 is turned on, the closing switch (SM2) 6 is turned on, the auxiliary switch (SA3) 15 of the AC voltage application circuit 24 is turned off, and the auxiliary switch (SA4) of the lightning impulse generator circuit (IG1) 18 ) 16 and the auxiliary switch (SA5) 17 of the lightning impulse generation circuit (IG3) 20 are turned off, and the lightning impulse generation circuits (IG1, IG3) 18 and 20 are completely charged to a predetermined charging voltage before the test. Machines 1 and 2 and test transformer (Tr2) 12 are in a predetermined excitation state.
(2) to (5) are the same as in the first embodiment.

(6) At time t5, the auxiliary switches (SA3, SA4) 15, 16 are turned on, the AC voltage application circuit 24 is connected to one terminal of the tester 22, and the lightning impulse generation circuit (IG1) 18 is used. 22 is connected to the other terminal.

(7) Similarly to the first embodiment, the lightning impulse generation circuit (IG1) 18 is started with an AC voltage peak value (time point t6) having a polarity opposite to the voltage polarity of the lightning impulse generation circuit (IG1) 18.

(8) Next, the auxiliary switch (SA4) 16 is turned off, the auxiliary switch (SA5) 17 is turned on, and the AC voltage peak value (time point t7) having the opposite polarity to the voltage polarity of the lightning impulse generator circuit (IG3) 20 is turned on. ) To start the impulse (IG3) 20.

  According to the fourth embodiment, in addition to the effects described in the first embodiment, the lightning resistance performance is evaluated twice in one verification test, that is, the lightning resistance at the start of the lightning impulse generation circuit (IG1) 18. It is possible to verify the performance and the lightning resistance performance at the start of lightning impulse generator (IG3) 20 at the same time. Also, if the EUT 22 does not flash when the lightning impulse generator circuit (IG1) 18 is started, the lightning impulse generator circuit (IG3) 20 can be started to perform a reliable test, and effective backup is possible. It can be a means. Further, by arbitrarily connecting the number of lightning impulse generation circuits, it is possible to perform lightning resistance evaluation up to an arbitrary number of times.

(Fifth embodiment)
Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
A circuit diagram of this embodiment is shown in FIG. FIG. 10 is a waveform diagram (oscillogram) showing voltage and current waveforms according to the fifth embodiment, and a diagram showing on / off timings of the circuit components of FIG.

This embodiment differs from the fourth embodiment in that a DC voltage application circuit 25 that generates a DC voltage is used instead of the AC voltage application circuit.
According to the fifth embodiment, in addition to the effects described in the fourth embodiment, the timing for starting the lightning impulse generating circuits (IG1, IG3) 18, 20 can be made at any time from t5 to t6.

(Sixth embodiment)
Finally, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
A circuit diagram of this embodiment is shown in FIG. FIG. 12 is a waveform diagram (oscillogram) showing voltage and current waveforms according to the sixth embodiment, and a diagram showing on / off timings of the circuit components of FIG.

  This embodiment differs from the fourth embodiment in that the current source circuit supplies a short-circuit current to the EUT during the first lightning test and supplies an AC current to the EUT during the second lightning test. The point which makes it the transformer 27 with many taps which combines the transformer 11 for a short circuit test which supplies a short circuit current, and the test transformer 12 which supplies an AC voltage.

According to the sixth embodiment, in addition to the effects described in the fourth embodiment, components such as a short-circuit generator and a transformer can be shared with the current source circuit, and the lightning resistance test apparatus can be simplified.
In each of the above-described embodiments, the test for evaluating the lightning resistance performance against the second lightning strike is described. However, considering the performance degradation of the EUT, the second and subsequent times are also considered as necessary. It is possible to conduct a test for evaluating the same lightning resistance.

  Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented by way of example and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Short-circuit generator (Gen1), 2 ... Short-circuit generator (Gen2), 3 ... Protection circuit breaker (SB1), 4 ... Protection circuit breaker (SB2), 5 ... Opening switch (SM1), 6 ... Switching switch (SM2), 7 ... Reactor for current suppression (L1), 8 ... Reactor for current suppression (L2), 9 ... Arc extension circuit (ML), 10 ... Resistance for current suppression (Rv1), 11 ... Transformer for short circuit test (Tr1), 12 ... Test transformer (Tr2), 13 ... Auxiliary switch (SA1), 14 ... Auxiliary switch (SA2), 15 ... Auxiliary switch (SA3), 16 ... Auxiliary switch (SA4), 17 ... Auxiliary switch (SA5), 18 ... Lightning impulse generation circuit (IG1), 19 ... Lightning impulse generation circuit (IG2), 20 ... Lightning impulse generation circuit (IG3), 21 ... Current measuring device (CT), 22 ... EUT, 23 ... Current source circuit, 24 ... AC voltage application circuit (voltage circuit), 25 ... DC voltage application circuit (voltage circuit), 26 ... DC Source, 27 ... many tapped transformers, 28 ... voltage circuit.

Claims (3)

  A tester comprising a power circuit breaker or a power switch, a current source circuit for supplying a short-circuit current to the EUT during the first lightning strike, and one of the EUTs during a second or subsequent lightning test. A plurality of lightning impulse generation circuits each applying lightning impulse voltages of different polarities to terminals, auxiliary switches connected between the EUT and the plurality of lightning impulse generation circuits, and A lightning resistance test apparatus, comprising: a voltage circuit for applying an AC voltage having a polarity opposite to that of the lightning impulse voltage applied by the lightning impulse generation circuit to the other terminal.   A tester comprising a power circuit breaker or a power switch, a current source circuit for supplying a short-circuit current to the EUT during the first lightning strike, and one of the EUTs during a second or subsequent lightning test. A plurality of lightning impulse generation circuits each applying a lightning impulse voltage of the same polarity to the terminal, an auxiliary switch connected between the EUT and the plurality of lightning impulse generation circuits, and the EUT An apparatus for testing lightning resistance, comprising: a voltage circuit for applying a DC voltage having a polarity opposite to that of the lightning impulse voltage applied by the lightning impulse generating circuit to the other terminal. During the first lightning strike test, a short-circuit current is supplied to the EUT comprising a power circuit breaker or power switch, and the test is performed by a plurality of lightning impulse generation circuits during the second and subsequent lightning strike tests. A lightning impulse voltage having a different polarity is applied to one terminal of the device via an auxiliary switch, and the polarity of the lightning impulse voltage applied to the other terminal of the EUT by the lightning impulse generation circuit is A method for testing lightning resistance, which is characterized by applying an AC voltage having a reverse polarity.

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