JP5850527B2 - Fitting, cutting device, and cutting method used for cutting - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fixture, a cutting device, and a cutting method used for cutting, and particularly to a fixture, a cutting device, and a cutting method that are used for cutting suitable for cutting a minute workpiece.

  In recent years, it has become possible to perform finer machining on workpieces by improving the machining accuracy of machine tools. Here, the workpiece is a workpiece.

  Conventionally, two cutting tools that are opposite to each other in the direction of the cutting direction are attached so that they can be indexed alternately to the machining position by rotating the spindle so that they can correspond to each time the workpiece moves forward and backward. One tool is indexed to the machining position and the workpiece is moved forward to perform cutting during the forward movement. At the time of backward movement, the other tool is indexed to the machining position and the workpiece is moved backward to perform cutting even during the backward movement. There are some which are processed so that a large number of fine grooves and the like can be processed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2008-126323 A

  However, although the movement of cutting on the machine tool side has been miniaturized, there has been no fixing holder (mounting tool) for a minute workpiece capable of coping with the miniaturization. When the workpiece itself is very small, the workpiece is distorted due to the cutting resistance pressure at the time of cutting with the tool. That is, when the workpiece itself is very small, when the workpiece is formed by cutting, the workpiece is distorted by a force pressing the tool against the workpiece.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and enables a finer workpiece to be cut with high accuracy.

The fixture used for the cutting of the first aspect of the present invention is a holding means for holding a base material from which the work is cut off, and when cutting the work from the base material held by the holding means, When cutting the second surface opposite to the first surface formed as a workpiece, the support surface is formed in a shape substantially the same as a shape obtained by inverting all or part of the shape of the first surface. Is made to contact the first surface of the workpiece to support the workpiece, and is provided on a substantially straight line so as to face the holding device, the support surface of the support device, and the first surface of the workpiece. And determining means for determining the angular positions of the holding means and the support means so as to maintain the posture of the workpiece at a desired angle in the rotation direction around the straight line.

  In the fixture used for the cutting of the first side surface of the present invention, the pressing surface formed in a shape substantially the same as a shape obtained by inverting a part of the shape of the second surface is the second side of the workpiece. A pressing means for pressing a part of the surface can be further provided.

  The supporting means can support the workpiece by bringing the supporting surface into contact with the first surface of the workpiece with a force that does not deform the workpiece.

In the first aspect of the present invention, the base material from which the workpiece is cut is held by the holding means, and the base material held by the support means provided so as to face the holding means on a substantially straight line. When cutting a workpiece from the above, when cutting a second surface facing the first surface formed as a workpiece, it is substantially the same as a shape obtained by inverting all or part of the shape of the first surface. The work surface is supported by bringing the support surface formed in the same shape into contact with the first surface of the work , and the support means of the support means and the first surface of the work are brought into contact with the determination means. In this state, the angular positions of the holding means and the supporting means are determined so that the posture of the workpiece is maintained at a desired angle in the rotation direction around the straight line.

A cutting device according to a second aspect of the present invention is formed as a workpiece when a workpiece is cut from a holding member that holds a workpiece from which the workpiece is cut, and a workpiece that is held by the holding device. When the second surface facing the first surface is cut, the support surface formed in a shape substantially the same as a shape obtained by inverting all or part of the shape of the first surface is used as the first surface of the workpiece. The support means for supporting the workpiece, the support means and the holding means are opposed to each other on a substantially straight line, and the support surface of the support means and the first surface of the work are brought into contact with each other. And a driving means for displacing each of the holding means and the supporting means so as to determine the angular position of the workpiece in the rotational direction around the straight line.

In the second aspect of the present invention, the holding material holds the base material from which the workpiece is cut, and the supporting means cuts the workpiece from the held base material, and is formed as a workpiece. When the second surface opposite to the first surface is cut, the support surface formed in substantially the same shape as a shape obtained by inverting all or part of the shape of the first surface is used as the first surface of the workpiece. The workpiece is supported by being brought into contact with the surface, and the support means and the holding means are opposed to each other on a substantially straight line by the driving means, and the support surface of the support means and the first surface of the work are brought into contact with each other. state, so as determine the angular position of the rotating direction of the workpiece around the straight line, each of the holding means and the support means is displaced.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cutting method for forming a first surface of a workpiece by cutting, and cutting a supporting member for supporting the workpiece so that all or part of the shape of the first surface is formed. A support surface having a shape substantially the same as the inverted shape is formed on the support member, and the support surface is brought into contact with the first surface of the work, whereby the work is supported by the support member and is opposed to a substantially straight line. In the state where the work is supported by the support member arranged with respect to the work, the angular position of the work and the support member is determined by displacing in the rotational direction around the straight line. Then, the second surface facing the first surface is cut.

In the third aspect of the present invention, the first surface of the workpiece is formed by cutting, and the support member that supports the workpiece is cut to invert all or part of the shape of the first surface. A support surface having a shape substantially the same as the shape of the workpiece is formed on the support member, and the workpiece is supported by the support member by contacting the support surface with the first surface of the workpiece so that the workpiece faces the substantially straight line. In the state in which the workpiece is supported by the support member arranged with respect to the second position of the workpiece, the angular position of the workpiece and the support member is determined by displacing the workpiece in the rotational direction about the straight line. The second surface opposite to the first surface is cut.

  As described above, according to the present invention, a finer workpiece can be cut with high accuracy.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the overall configuration of the fixture 1. 4 is an enlarged perspective view showing configurations of a holding member 21, a base material 31, a support member 41, a pressing member 42, and a pin 43. FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view further enlarging the configurations of a base material 31, a support member 41, a pressing member 42, and a workpiece 51. 4 is a perspective view further enlarging the shapes of a base material 31, a support member 41, a pressing member 42, and a workpiece 51. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of cross sections of a support member 41, a pressing member 42, and a workpiece 51. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of cross sections of the support member 41, the pressing member 42, and the work 51. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a cutting apparatus 101. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a cutting apparatus 201. FIG.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. Correspondences between the configuration requirements of the present invention and the embodiments described in the detailed description of the present invention are exemplified as follows. This description is to confirm that the embodiments supporting the present invention are described in the detailed description of the invention. Accordingly, although there are embodiments that are described in the detailed description of the invention but are not described here as embodiments corresponding to the constituent elements of the present invention, It does not mean that the embodiment does not correspond to the configuration requirements. Conversely, even if an embodiment is described here as corresponding to a configuration requirement, that means that the embodiment does not correspond to a configuration requirement other than the configuration requirement. It's not something to do.

The fixture (for example, fixture 1 of FIG. 1) used for the cutting of the first aspect of the present invention is a base material (for example, the base of FIG. 1) from which a workpiece (for example, workpiece 51 of FIG. 4) is cut out. When the workpiece is cut from the holding means for holding the material 31) (for example, the holding member 21 in FIG. 1) and the base material held by the holding means, the first surface formed as the workpiece is When cutting the opposing second surface, a support surface that is shaped substantially the same as a shape obtained by inverting all or part of the shape of the first surface is brought into contact with the first surface of the workpiece. Thus, the support means (for example, the support member 41 in FIG. 1) provided to support the work and to be opposed to the holding means on a substantially straight line, the support surface of the support means, and the first surface of the work In a state of contact with each other at a desired angle in the rotation direction around the straight line. So as to maintain the click position, and a determination means for determining the angular position of the holding means and the support means (e.g., angular positioning member 22 and the angular positioning member 44 in FIG. 1).

  In the fixture used for the cutting of the first side surface of the present invention, the pressing surface formed in substantially the same shape as a shape obtained by inverting a part of the shape of the second surface is the second surface. By abutting on a part, pressing means (for example, the pressing member 42 in FIG. 1) for pressing the workpiece against the support surface can be further provided.

  Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 6, the fixture 1 of embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. The fixture 1 attaches a base material for cutting a workpiece to a cutting device such as a machining center.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the overall configuration of the fixture 1. The fixture 1 includes a base 11, a block 12, a block 13, a holding member 21, an angular position determining member 22, a presser 23, a support member 41, a pressing member 42, a pin 43, an angular position determining member 44, and a presser 45. The holding member 21 holds a base material 31 from which a work 51 (described later) is cut out. In this case, the size of the workpiece 51 is, for example, 1 mm or less.

  In FIG. 1, among the directions indicated by the coordinate axes consisting of the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis representing a three-dimensional space (orthogonal coordinate space) in which processing is performed, the left-right direction in FIG. 1 indicates the X axis direction, The direction connecting the upper right and the lower left in FIG. 1 indicates the Y-axis direction, and the vertical direction in FIG. 1 indicates the Z-axis direction. The right direction is the positive direction of the X axis, the upper right direction is the positive direction of the Y axis, and the upward direction is the positive direction of the Z axis. In the following, the positive side of the Z-axis is the upper side, the negative side of the Z-axis is the lower side, the positive side of the Y-axis is the back side, the negative direction of the Y-axis is the front side, and the positive side of the X-axis is On the right side, the negative side of the X axis is also referred to as the left side. Also in the drawings after FIG. 2, the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis are also shown.

  FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing the configuration of the holding member 21, the base material 31, the support member 41, the pressing member 42, and the pin 43. FIG. 3 is a perspective view further enlarging the configuration of the base material 31, the support member 41, the pressing member 42, and the work 51.

  The base 11, the block 12, the block 13, the holding member 21, the angular position determining member 22, the pressing member 23, the supporting member 41, the pressing member 42, the pin 43, the angular position determining member 44, and the pressing member 45 are each formed of metal. The The base 11 is a base of the fixture 1, and includes a block 12, a block 13, a holding member 21, an angular position determining member 22, a pressing member 23, a supporting member 41, a pressing member 42, a pin 43, an angular position determining member 44, and a pressing member. 45 is held directly or indirectly.

  A block 12 and a block 13 are fixed to the base 11. The block 12 holds the holding member 21, the angular position determining member 22, and the presser 23. The block 13 holds the support member 41, the pressing member 42, the pin 43, the angular position determining member 44, and the presser 45. For example, each of the block 12 and the block 13 includes a base that is screwed into a screw hole provided in the upper surface of the base 11 through the four corners of the upper surface and the lower surface in the Z-axis direction. 11 is fixed.

  The block 12 is provided with a cylindrical hole in the X-axis direction, and the holding member 21 is inserted into the hole. One end side of the holding member 21 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a diameter substantially the same as the diameter of the hole of the block 12. The other end side of the holding member 21 is formed thinner than the cylindrical portion, and holds the base material 31 at its tip. Since the diameter of the hole of the block 12 and the diameter of the cylindrical portion of the holding member 21 are substantially the same, the holding member 21 is rotatably supported by the hole of the block 12 without causing a gap or play. Further, since the side of the holding member 21 that holds the base material 31 is formed to be thinner than the cylindrical portion, the holding member 21 can be removably attached to the hole of the block 12.

  The holding member 21 holds the base material 31 from which the workpiece 51 is cut out. For example, the base material 31 is screwed to the holding member 21, whereby the holding member 21 holds the base material 31. Note that the fixing method of the base material 31 to the holding member 21 may be any of fixing methods such as sandwiching, bonding, welding, and the like.

  The base material 31 is made of a material that can be cut, such as metal, resin, ceramics, or a composite material containing these. As shown in FIG. 3, the side of the base material 31 opposite to the side held by the holding member 21 is cut out as a workpiece 51. In other words, the support member 41 side of the base material 31 is cut out as the work 51.

  The angular position determination member 22 is formed in a regular octagonal column shape, and is fixed to the holding member 21 so that the central axis of the holding member 21 formed in a cylindrical shape and the central axis of the regular octagonal column coincide with each other. Yes. In the angular position determining member 22, the distance from the central axis of the regular octagonal column to the center of each side surface is the same as the distance from the center of the hole of the block 12 to the upper surface.

  The presser 23 is fixed to the block 12 with screws or the like. Since the lower surface of the presser 23 is a flat surface, when the presser 23 is fixed to the block 12, the upper surface of the block 12 and any surface of the regular octagonal prism of the angular position determining member 22 are positioned on the same plane. In addition, the angular position determining member 22 is fixed to the block 12. Accordingly, the holding member 21 is positioned at a predetermined angle with respect to the central axis of the portion formed in the cylindrical shape. Since the angular position determining member 22 is formed in a regular octagonal prism shape, the holding member 21 that holds the base material 31 is positioned every 45 degrees. In other words, the holding member 21 that holds the base material 31 is positioned every 45 degrees in the rotation direction about the X axis.

  The block 13 is provided with a cylindrical hole in the X-axis direction, and the support member 41 is inserted into the hole. Here, in the state where the block 12 and the block 13 are fixed to the base 11, the center position of the hole of the block 13 in the Z-axis and Y-axis directions is the center position of the hole of the block 12 in the Z-axis and Y-axis directions. It is the same. Further, the cylindrical hole of the block 12 is provided in the X-axis direction, and the cylindrical hole of the block 13 is also provided in the X-axis direction. Therefore, the central axis of the hole of the block 12 and the hole of the block 13 are provided. The central axis coincides with the X axis.

  One end side of the support member 41 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a diameter substantially the same as the diameter of the hole of the block 13. The other end side of the support member 41 is formed thinner than the cylindrical portion, and a support surface for supporting the work 51 is formed at the tip thereof. Since the diameter of the hole of the block 13 and the diameter of the cylindrical portion of the support member 41 are substantially the same, the support member 41 is rotatably supported by the hole of the block 13 without causing a gap or play. Further, since the side on which the support surface of the support member 41 is formed is formed to be thinner than the cylindrical portion, the support member 41 can be inserted into and removed from the hole of the block 13.

  As shown in FIG. 2 or 3, a support surface is formed on the other end side of the support member 41, that is, on the base material 31 side. The support member 41 supports the workpiece 51 formed on the base material 31 with a support surface. Details of the support surface will be described later.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the pressing member 42 is attached to the support member 41 by a pin 43 and presses the workpiece 51 formed on the base material 31 against the support member 41. A pressing surface is formed on the pressing member 42, and the work 51 is pressed against the support member 41 by the pressing surface of the pressing member 42. Details of the pressing surface will be described later.

  The pin 43 is attached to the support member 41 by screwing or uneven engagement. For example, the pressing member 42 can be urged with a predetermined force by sandwiching an elastic body such as a spring between the pin 43 and the support member 41. That is, in this case, the pressing member 42 presses the work 51 against the support member 41 with a predetermined force.

  The angular position determining member 44 is formed in a regular octagonal column shape, and is fixed to the support member 41 so that the central axis of the support member 41 formed in a cylindrical shape coincides with the central axis of the regular octagonal column. Yes. In the angular position determining member 44, the distance from the central axis of the regular octagonal column to the center of each side surface is the same as the distance from the center of the hole of the block 13 to the upper surface of the block 13. Further, the central axis of the support member 41 and the central axis of the angular position determining member 44 coincide with the central axis of the holding member 21 and the central axis of the angular position determining member 22. That is, the central axis of the support member 41 and the central axis of the angular position determining member 44, and the central axis of the holding member 21 and the central axis of the angular position determining member 22 are provided on a straight line.

  The central axis of the support member 41 and the central axis of the angular position determining member 44, and the central axis of the holding member 21 and the central axis of the angular position determining member 22 can be provided on a substantially straight line.

  As described above, the central axis of the support member 41 and the central axis of the holding member 21 are provided on a substantially straight line, and the support member 41 side of the holding member 21 holds the base material 31 from which the workpiece 51 is scraped. A support surface for supporting the workpiece 51 is formed on the base material 31 side of 41. That is, the support member 41 and the holding member 21 are provided on a substantially straight line so as to face each other.

  The presser 45 is fixed to the block 13 with screws or the like. Since the lower surface of the presser 45 is a flat surface, when the presser 45 is fixed to the block 13, the upper surface of the block 13 and any surface of the regular octagonal prism of the angular position determining member 44 are positioned on the same plane. Further, the angular position determining member 44 is fixed to the block 13. Thus, the support member 41 is positioned at a predetermined angle with respect to the central axis of the portion formed in the cylindrical shape. Since the angular position determining member 44 is formed in a regular octagonal prism shape, the support member 41 can be positioned every 45 degrees. In other words, the support member 41 on which the support surface that supports the workpiece 51 is formed is positioned every 45 degrees in the rotation direction about the X axis.

  In this case, the angle of the support member 41 with respect to the rotation direction about the X axis is the same as the angle of the holding member 21.

  The angular position determining member 22 or the angular position determining member 44 is not limited to a regular octagonal column shape, but may be a regular polygonal column shape such as a regular hexagonal column shape or a regular dodecagon shape.

  Further, a positioning hole is provided on the side surface of the block 12 on the side of the angular position determining member 22, and a positioning hole is provided in the angular position determining member 22 for each angle, and a pin is inserted into the two positioning holes. The angle position determining member 22 may be positioned and the angle of the holding member 21 with respect to the central axis may be determined. The same applies to the block 13 and the angular position determining member 44. Furthermore, the hole with respect to the block 12, the holding member 21, the hole with the block 13, and the support member 41 may be formed in a regular polygonal column shape, and the angle with respect to the central axis may be determined.

  Since the support member 41 and the holding member 21 are provided so as to face each other on a substantially straight line, when the minute work 51 is cut out from the base material 31, the holding member 21 or the support member 41 is used for a tool such as a mill. It is possible to change the angular position of the holding member 21 and the support member 41 around a predetermined axis without hindering the movement, and thus the workpiece 51 having a more free three-dimensional shape, The minute work 51 can be cut with higher accuracy. Further, since the support member 41 and the holding member 21 are provided so as to face each other on a substantially straight line, the holding member is supported in a state where the support member 41 supports the workpiece 51 formed on the base material 31 on the support surface. 21 and the support member 41 can be easily changed in angular position around a predetermined axis. If they do not face each other or are not substantially on a straight line, if the angular position is changed, the supported state cannot be maintained, or adjustment of the posture of the workpiece or the support member takes a lot of labor. Furthermore, since the angular position can be changed by one attachment in one cutting device, there is no positioning error caused by multiple attachments and detachments, and cutting can be performed within the range of the processing error generated from the cutting device. This makes it possible to cut a finer workpiece 51 with higher accuracy.

  Next, details of the work 51, the support surface of the support member 41, and the press surface formed on the press member 42 will be described.

  FIG. 4 is a perspective view further enlarging the shapes of the base material 31, the support member 41, the pressing member 42, and the work 51. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of cross sections of the support member 41, the pressing member 42, and the work 51 in the cross section A indicated by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 4.

  First, a predetermined surface (hereinafter referred to as a supported surface) of the workpiece 51 is formed by cutting the base material 31. The supported surface is a surface that contacts the support surface of the support member 41 when the support member 41 supports the workpiece 51. Then, a support surface having the same shape as a shape obtained by inverting a part of the shape of the supported surface of the workpiece 51 cut and formed is formed on the support member 41. Here, the inverted shape refers to a shape in which no gap occurs when combined with the original shape. Therefore, when the support surface having a shape obtained by inverting the shape of the supported surface and the supported surface are combined, almost no gap is generated.

  By cutting the pressing member 42 on the base material 31 side (work 51 side) of the pressing member 42, the surface of the work 51 that faces the supported surface (hereinafter referred to as a pressed surface). A pressing surface having the same shape as that obtained by inverting a part of the shape is formed.

  For example, among the surfaces of the workpiece 51 shown in FIG. 4 or 5, the supported surface, which is the downward surface of the workpiece 51, is formed by cutting from the base material 31. In this case, the holding member 21 is rotated 180 degrees around the X axis, and the supported surface that faces upward is cut from the state shown in FIG. 4 or 5 while the base material 31 is reversed.

  For example, by cutting the support member 41, a support surface having the same shape as a shape obtained by inverting a part of the shape of the supported surface of the work 51 is formed on the support member 41.

  Moreover, a part of the shape of the pressed surface of the workpiece 51 is inverted by cutting the pressing member 42 on the base material 31 side (workpiece 51 side) of the pressing member 42 in a state of being detached from the fixture 1. A pressing surface having the same shape as the shape is formed.

  More specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5, a plate-like square in which a smaller square is hollowed out so as to leave a frame with the same width is opened by matching the same square at a predetermined angle. When supporting the work 51 in a folding screen, a shape (triangular prism) obtained by inverting the inner side (lower side) of the downwardly opened frame portion of the tip side (left side) of the work 51's downward supported surface The support surface of the support member 41 is formed into a shape that is horizontally placed. Also, for example, in this case, of the upward pressed surface of the work 51, the pressing surface of the pressing member 42 has a shape obtained by reversing the shape of the outside (upper side) of the frame portion opened downward on the front end side (left side). Is formed.

  The support member 41 supports the work 51 by bringing the support surface of the support member 41 into contact with the downwardly supported surface of the work 51. For example, as shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5, the support surface in the shape of a triangular prism placed horizontally is applied to the inner side (lower side) of the frame part opened downward on the tip side (left side) of the work 51. The support member 41 supports the work 51 by making contact. In this case, the support member 41 supports the work 51 by bringing the support surface into contact with the supported surface of the work 51 with a force that does not deform the work 51.

  Since the shape of the support surface of the support member 41 is the same as that obtained by inverting the shape of the supported surface of the work 51, the support member 41 can support the work 51 without distorting the work 51.

  The support member 41 abuts the support surface against the supported surface of the work 51, so that a desired offset (for example, an upward offset) is generated at the position of the work 51 due to the deformation of the work 51. May be supported. In this case, the support member 41 can support the work 51 more firmly, and a shift or a gap is less likely to occur between the support member 41 and the work 51.

  In a state where the workpiece 51 is supported by the support member 41, the pressed surface of the workpiece 51 is cut. For example, as shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5, in a state where the workpiece 51 is supported by the support member 41, an upward surface of the workpiece 51, that is, a pressed surface that is a surface facing the downward surface is cut. Is done.

  Since the workpiece 51 is supported by the support member 41, even if the workpiece 51 is very small, the workpiece 51 may be distorted due to, for example, the force that the pressed surface is scraped or pushed by a tool such as a mill. In addition, the workpiece 51 is not vibrated and can be cut with higher accuracy.

  In this case, first, the portion that is hidden by the pressing surface when the pressing member 42 is used is cut out of the pressed surface portion without using the pressing member 42. Thereafter, the pressing member 42 is used. That is, the pressing member 42 is attached to the support member 41 by the pin 43, and the pressing member 42 causes the pressing surface to abut part of the pressed surface of the work 51 (already formed by cutting). The workpiece 51 is pressed against the support surface.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 4 or FIG. 5, the V-shaped groove-shaped pressing surface is brought into contact with the outer side (upper side) of the frame portion opened downward on the tip side (left side) of the work 51. Thus, the pressing member 42 presses the workpiece 51 against the support surface.

  The remaining part of the pressed surface is cut while the work 51 is supported by the support member 41 and is pressed by the pressing member 42.

  Since the shape of the pressing surface of the pressing member 42 is the same as that obtained by inverting the shape of the pressed surface of the workpiece 51, the pressing member 42 can press the workpiece 51 without distorting the workpiece 51.

  Since the workpiece 51 is supported by the support member 41 and the pressing member 42 presses the workpiece 51 against the support surface of the support member 41, the workpiece 51 can be held more strongly without distorting the workpiece 51. Therefore, even if the work 51 is very small, the work 51 is not distorted and vibrates due to, for example, the force by which the pressed surface is scraped or pushed by a tool such as a mill. This eliminates the possibility of cutting with higher accuracy.

  Furthermore, the work 51 is separated from the base material 31 along the dotted line B in FIG. 4, for example, while the work 51 is supported by the support member 41 and pressed by the pressing member 42.

  At this time, since the workpiece 51 is sandwiched between the support member 41 and the pressing member 42, even if the workpiece 51 is very small, it is possible to prevent the workpiece 51 from being lost.

  The support surface may have the same shape as a shape obtained by inverting the entire shape of the supported surface of the work 51.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of protrusions may be provided on the support surface of the support member 41 so that a part of the supported surface of the work 51 is supported at a plurality of points. By doing in this way, the stress which arises in the workpiece | work 51 when it supports can be made smaller. That is, the support member 41 brings the support surface formed in substantially the same shape as a shape obtained by inverting all or part of the shape of the supported surface into contact with the supported surface of the work 51, thereby May be supported. Note that a plurality of protrusions may be provided on the pressing surface of the pressing member 42 so that a part of the pressed surface of the work 51 is supported at a plurality of points. That is, the pressing member 42 supports the workpiece 51 by bringing a pressing surface formed in a shape substantially the same as a shape obtained by inverting a part of the shape of the pressed surface into contact with a part of the pressed surface. You may make it press on a surface.

  Thus, the holding member 21 holds the base material 31 from which the workpiece 51 is cut out. The support member 41 is used when the workpiece 51 is cut from the base material 31 held by the holding member 21 and when the pressed surface facing the supported surface formed as the workpiece 51 is cut. The work 51 is supported by bringing a support surface, which is shaped substantially the same as a shape obtained by inverting all or part of the surface shape, into contact with the supported surface of the work 51. The holding member 21 and the support member 41 are provided so as to face each other on a substantially straight line.

  Since the support member 41 and the holding member 21 are provided so as to face each other on a substantially straight line, when the minute work 51 is cut out from the base material 31, the holding member 21 or the support member 41 is used for a tool such as a mill. It is possible to change the angular position of the holding member 21 and the support member 41 around a predetermined axis without hindering the movement, and thus the workpiece 51 having a more free three-dimensional shape, The minute workpiece 51 can be cut with higher accuracy. In addition, since the support member 41 and the holding member 21 are provided so as to face each other on a substantially straight line, the holding member 21 and the support member 41 are fixed to each other in a state where the support member 41 supports the workpiece 51 on the support surface. The angular position can be easily changed around the axis.

  Since the shape of the support surface of the support member 41 is substantially the same as that obtained by inverting the shape of the supported surface of the work 51, the support member 41 can support the work 51 without distorting the work 51.

  Since the workpiece 51 is supported by the support member 41, even if the workpiece 51 is very small, the workpiece 51 may be distorted due to, for example, the force that the pressed surface is scraped or pushed by a tool such as a mill. In addition, the workpiece 51 is not vibrated and can be cut with higher accuracy.

  The pressing member 42 makes the workpiece 51 a support surface by bringing a pressing surface formed in substantially the same shape as a shape obtained by inverting a part of the shape of the pressed surface into contact with a part of the pressed surface. Press.

  Since the shape of the pressing surface of the pressing member 42 is the same as that obtained by inverting the shape of the pressed surface of the workpiece 51, the pressing member 42 can press the workpiece 51 without distorting the workpiece 51.

  Since the workpiece 51 is supported by the support member 41 and the pressing member 42 presses the workpiece 51 against the support surface of the support member 41, the workpiece 51 can be held more strongly without distorting the workpiece 51. Therefore, even if the work 51 is very small, the work 51 is not distorted and vibrates due to, for example, the force by which the pressed surface is scraped or pushed by a tool such as a mill. This eliminates the possibility of cutting with higher accuracy.

  The angular position determining member 22 and the angular position determining member 44 are configured so that the workpiece 51 has a desired angle in the rotational direction around a straight line with the support surface of the support member 41 and the supported surface of the workpiece 51 in contact with each other. The angular positions of the holding member 21 and the support member 41 are determined so as to maintain the posture.

  Therefore, since the posture of the base material 31 and the workpiece 51 can be set to a desired angle, the workpiece 51 having a more free three-dimensional shape, and the minute workpiece 51 can be cut with higher accuracy. Can do. In addition, since the angular position can be changed by a single attachment in one cutting device, there is no positioning error caused by multiple attachments and detachments, and cutting can be performed within the range of the processing error generated by the cutting device. This makes it possible to cut a finer workpiece 51 with higher accuracy.

  Next, the cutting apparatus 101 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The cutting apparatus 101 is a cutting apparatus such as a machining center that cuts a workpiece from a predetermined base material.

  FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the cutting apparatus 101. The cutting apparatus 101 includes a base 111, a block 112, a block 113, a holding member 121, a support member 141, a pressing member 142, a pin 143, a drive shaft 151, and a driven shaft 152. The holding member 121 holds the base material 131 from which the workpiece is cut.

  Base 111, block 112, block 113, holding member 121, support member 141, pressing member 142, and pin 143 are each formed of metal. The base 111 is a base that directly or indirectly holds the block 112, the block 113, the holding member 121, the support member 141, the pressing member 142, and the pin 143.

  A block 112 and a block 113 are fixed to the base 111, respectively. The block 112 holds the holding member 121. The block 113 holds the support member 141, the pressing member 142, and the pin 143. For example, the block 112 and the block 113 are formed by passing bolts that penetrate the four corners of the upper surface and the lower surface in the Z-axis direction and are screwed into screw holes provided in the upper surface of the base 111. 111 is fixed.

  The block 112 is provided with a cylindrical hole in the X-axis direction, and the holding member 121 is inserted into the hole. One end side of the holding member 121 is formed in a cylindrical shape having substantially the same diameter as the hole diameter of the block 112. The other end side of the holding member 121 is formed thinner than the cylindrical portion, and holds the base material 131 at its tip. Since the diameter of the hole of the block 112 and the diameter of the cylindrical portion of the holding member 121 are substantially the same, the holding member 121 is rotatably supported by the hole of the block 112 without causing a gap or play. Further, since the side of the holding member 121 that holds the base material 131 is formed to be thinner than the cylindrical portion, the holding member 121 can be removably attached to the hole of the block 112.

  The holding member 121 holds the base material 131 from which the workpiece is cut. For example, the base material 131 is screwed to the holding member 121, whereby the holding member 121 holds the base material 131. The fixing method of the base material 131 to the holding member 121 may be any of fixing methods such as sandwiching, bonding, welding and the like.

  The base material 131 is made of a material that can be cut, such as metal, resin, ceramics, or a composite material containing these. The side of the base material 131 opposite to the side held by the holding member 121 is cut out as a workpiece. In other words, the support member 141 side of the base material 131 is cut out as a workpiece. In this case, the size of the workpiece is, for example, 1 mm or less.

  Further, the block 113 is provided with a cylindrical hole in the X-axis direction, and the support member 141 is inserted into the hole. Here, in the state where the block 112 and the block 113 are fixed to the base 111, the center position of the hole of the block 113 in the Z-axis and Y-axis directions is the center position of the hole of the block 112 in the Z-axis and Y-axis directions. It is the same. Further, the cylindrical hole of the block 112 is provided in the X-axis direction, and the cylindrical hole of the block 113 is also provided in the X-axis direction. Therefore, the central axis of the hole of the block 112 and the hole of the block 113 are provided. The central axis coincides with the X axis.

  One end side of the support member 141 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a diameter substantially the same as the diameter of the hole of the block 113. The other end side of the support member 141, that is, the base material 131 side of the support member 141 is formed thinner than the cylindrical portion, and a support surface for supporting the workpiece is formed at the tip thereof. Since the support surface of the support member 141 is formed in the same manner as the support surface of the support member 41, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  Since the diameter of the hole of the block 113 and the diameter of the cylindrical portion of the support member 141 are substantially the same, the support member 141 is rotatably supported by the hole of the block 113 without causing a gap or play. Further, since the side on which the support surface of the support member 141 is formed is formed to be thinner than the cylindrical portion, the support member 141 can be removably attached to the hole of the block 113.

  The pressing member 142 is attached to the support member 141 by a pin 143 and presses the workpiece formed on the base material 131 against the support member 141. A pressing surface is formed on the pressing member 142, and the work is pressed against the support member 141 by the pressing surface of the pressing member 142. Since the pressing surface of the pressing member 142 is formed in the same manner as the pressing surface of the pressing member 42, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  The pin 143 is attached to the support member 141 by screwing or engagement of unevenness. For example, by pressing an elastic body such as a spring between the pin 143 and the support member 141, the pressing member 142 can be urged with a predetermined force. That is, in this case, the pressing member 142 presses the work against the support member 141 with a predetermined force.

  The central axis of the support member 141 coincides with the central axis of the holding member 121. That is, the central axis of the support member 141 and the central axis of the holding member 121 are provided on a straight line. The central axis of the support member 141 and the central axis of the holding member 121 can be provided on a substantially straight line.

  As described above, the central axis of the support member 141 and the central axis of the holding member 121 are provided on a substantially straight line, and the support member 141 side of the holding member 121 holds the base material 131 from which the workpiece is cut, and the support member 141. A support surface for supporting the work is formed on the base material 131 side. That is, the support member 141 and the holding member 121 are provided so as to face each other on a substantially straight line.

  The drive shaft 151 is coupled to the block 112 and the holding member 121, and the base 111, the block 112, the block 113, the holding member 121, the support member 141, the pressing member 142, and the pin 143 are rotated around the X axis ( Drive). The driven shaft 152 is coupled to the block 113 and the support member 141, and is rotated (rotated) by being driven by the drive shaft 151, so that the base 111, the block 112, the block 113, the holding member 121, the support member 141, The entire pressing member 142 and pin 143 are held so as to be rotatable (rotatable) about the X axis. The rotation axis (rotation axis) of the drive shaft 151 and the rotation axis (rotation axis) of the driven shaft 152 coincide with the central axis of the support member 141 and the central axis of the holding member 121.

  That is, the rotation shaft of the drive shaft 151 and the rotation shaft of the driven shaft 152, the center axis of the support member 141, and the center axis of the holding member 121 are provided on a straight line. The rotation axis of the drive shaft 151 and the rotation axis of the driven shaft 152, the center axis of the support member 141, and the center axis of the holding member 121 can be provided on a substantially straight line.

  In other words, the drive shaft 151 and the driven shaft 152 are linear in a state where the support member 141 and the holding member 121 are opposed to each other on a substantially straight line, and the support surface of the support member 141 and the supported surface of the workpiece are in contact with each other. The holding member 121 or the support member 141 is displaced so as to determine the angular position of the workpiece in the rotation direction centered on (for example, the rotation direction indicated by the arrow C in FIG. 7).

  As described above, the holding member 121 holds the base material 131 from which the workpiece is cut. The support member 141 is used to cut a workpiece from the base material 131 held by the holding member 121, and when the surface facing the supported surface formed as the workpiece is cut, the shape of the supported surface is determined. The work is supported by bringing a support surface formed in a shape substantially the same as the whole or part of the shape into reverse contact with the supported surface of the work. The drive shaft 151 and the driven shaft 152 have the support member 141 and the holding member 121 facing each other on a substantially straight line, and the support surface of the support member 141 and the supported surface of the workpiece are in contact with each other. The holding member 121 or the support member 141 is displaced so as to determine the angular position of the workpiece in the rotating direction.

  Since the support member 141 and the holding member 121 are provided so as to face each other on a substantially straight line, when a minute work is cut out from the base material 131, the holding member 121 or the support member 141 moves a tool such as a mill. In addition, the holding member 121 and the support member 141 can be rotated (rotated) about a predetermined axis, so that a more minute work having a more free three-dimensional shape can be obtained. Cutting can be performed with high accuracy.

  Since the shape of the support surface of the support member 141 is the same as that obtained by inverting the shape of the supported surface of the workpiece, the support member 141 can support the workpiece without distorting the workpiece.

  Since the workpiece is supported by the support member 141, even if the workpiece is very small, the workpiece is not distorted due to, for example, the force by which the pressed surface is scraped or pushed by a tool such as a mill. The workpiece will not vibrate and can be cut more accurately.

  The drive shaft 151 and the driven shaft 152 have the support member 141 and the holding member 121 facing each other on a substantially straight line, and the support surface of the support member 141 and the supported surface of the workpiece are in contact with each other. Since the holding member 121 or the support member 141 is displaced so as to determine the angular position of the workpiece in the rotating direction, the posture of the base material 131 and the workpiece can be set to a desired angle, and thus more free three-dimensional It is possible to cut a finer workpiece having a simple shape with higher accuracy.

  The base 111 is fixed to a pedestal (not shown), the drive shaft 151 is coupled to the holding member 121, and the drive shaft 151 is rotatably supported by the hole of the block 112 with the X axis. A holding member that is driven to rotate (rotate) to the center, is provided with a drive shaft instead of the driven shaft 152, is coupled to the support member 141, and is rotatably supported by a hole in the block 113 121 may be driven to rotate (rotate) about the X axis.

  Next, the cutting apparatus 201 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The cutting apparatus 201 is a cutting apparatus such as a machining center that cuts a workpiece from a predetermined base material.

  FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the cutting apparatus 201. The cutting apparatus 201 includes a holding member 211, a support member 231, a pressing member 232, a holder 233, a drive shaft 241, and a drive shaft 242. The holding member 211 holds the base material 221 from which the workpiece is cut.

  The holding member 211, the support member 231, and the pressing member 232 are each made of metal.

One end side of the holding member 211 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the other end side of the holding member 211 is formed thinner than the cylindrical portion, and the base material 221 is held at the tip thereof. The holding member 211 holds the base material 221 from which the workpiece is cut. For example, the base material 221 is screwed to the holding member 211, whereby the holding member 211 holds the base material 221. Note that the fixing method of the base material 221 to the holding member 211 may be any of fixing methods such as sandwiching, bonding, welding, and the like.

  The base material 221 is made of a material that can be cut, such as metal, resin, ceramics, or a composite material containing these. The side opposite to the side held by the holding member 211 of the base material 221 is cut out as a workpiece. In other words, the support member 231 side of the base material 221 is cut out as a workpiece. In this case, the size of the workpiece is, for example, 1 mm or less.

  One end side of the support member 231 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the other end side of the support member 231, that is, the base material 221 side of the support member 231 is formed to be narrower than the cylindrical portion, and a workpiece is supported at the tip thereof. A support surface for molding is formed. Since the support surface of the support member 231 is formed in the same manner as the support surface of the support member 41, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  The pressing member 232 is driven so as to be pressed toward the support member 231 by the holder 233, thereby pressing the work formed on the base material 221 against the support member 231. A pressing surface is formed on the pressing member 232, and the work is pressed against the support member 231 by the pressing surface of the pressing member 232. Since the pressing surface of the pressing member 232 is formed in the same manner as the pressing surface of the pressing member 42, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  The holder 233 is driven so as to press the pressing member 232 toward the support member 231 by a solenoid or the like.

  The drive shaft 241 is coupled to the holding member 211 and drives the holding member 211 to rotate (rotate) about the X axis and to move in the X axis direction. The rotation axis (rotation axis) of the drive shaft 241 coincides with the central axis of the holding member 211. The drive shaft 242 is coupled to the support member 231 and drives the support member 231, the pressing member 232, and the holder 233 to rotate (rotate) about the X axis and to move in the X axis direction. The rotation axis (rotation axis) of the drive shaft 242 coincides with the central axis of the support member 231.

  When cutting a workpiece from the base material 221 held by the holding member 211 and cutting a surface facing the supported surface formed as a workpiece, the drive shaft 241 and the drive shaft 242 The holding member 211, the supporting member 231, the pressing member 232, and the holder 233 are moved to a position where the supporting member 231 supports the workpiece by bringing the supporting surface of 231 into contact with the supported surface of the workpiece.

  The rotational axis of the drive shaft 241 and the central axis of the holding member 211 can be provided on a substantially straight line, and the rotational axis of the drive shaft 242 and the central axis of the support member 231 are substantially linear. It can be provided on top.

  In other words, the drive shaft 241 and the drive shaft 242 are linear in a state where the support member 231 and the holding member 211 are opposed to each other on a substantially straight line, and the support surface of the support member 231 and the supported surface of the workpiece are in contact with each other. The holding member 211 or the support member 231 is displaced so as to determine the angular position of the workpiece in the rotation direction (for example, the rotation direction indicated by the arrow C in FIG. 8).

  In this way, the holding member 211 holds the base material 221 from which the workpiece is cut. The support member 231 has a shape of a supported surface when cutting a workpiece from the base material 221 held by the holding member 211 and cutting a surface facing the supported surface formed as a workpiece. The work is supported by bringing a support surface formed in a shape substantially the same as the whole or part of the shape into reverse contact with the supported surface of the work. The drive shaft 241 and the drive shaft 242 have the support member 231 and the holding member 211 opposed to each other on a substantially straight line, and the support surface of the support member 231 and the supported surface of the workpiece are in contact with each other. The holding member 211 or the support member 231 is displaced so as to determine the angular position of the workpiece in the rotating direction.

  Since the support member 231 and the holding member 211 are provided so as to face each other on a substantially straight line, when the minute workpiece is cut from the base material 221, the holding member 211 or the support member 231 moves the tool such as a mill. In addition, the holding member 211 and the support member 231 can be rotated (rotated) about a predetermined axis, so that a more minute work having a more free three-dimensional shape can be obtained. Cutting can be performed with high accuracy.

  Since the shape of the support surface of the support member 231 is the same as that obtained by inverting the shape of the supported surface of the workpiece, the support member 231 can support the workpiece without distorting the workpiece.

  Since the work is supported by the support member 231, even if the work is very small, for example, the work is not distorted due to the force by which the pressed surface is scraped or pushed by a tool such as a mill. The workpiece will not vibrate and can be cut more accurately.

  The drive shaft 241 and the drive shaft 242 have the support member 231 and the holding member 211 opposed to each other on a substantially straight line, and the support surface of the support member 231 and the supported surface of the workpiece are in contact with each other. Since the holding member 211 or the support member 231 is displaced so as to determine the angular position of the workpiece in the rotating direction, the posture of the base material 221 and the workpiece can be set to a desired angle, and therefore more free three-dimensional It is possible to cut a finer workpiece having a simple shape with higher accuracy.

  Base 11, block 12, block 13, holding member 21, angular position determining member 22, presser 23, support member 41, pressing member 42, pin 43, angular position determining member 44, presser 45, base 111, block 112, block 113 The holding member 121, the supporting member 141, the pressing member 142, the pin 143, the holding member 211, the supporting member 231, and the pressing member 232 have been described as being formed of metal. You may make it form from ceramics or the composite material containing these.

  The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fixture, 11 Base, 12 blocks, 13 blocks, 21 Holding member, 22 Angular position determination member, 23 Press, 31 Base material, 41 Support member, 42 Press member, 43 Pin, 44 Angular position determination member, 45 Press, 51 work, 101 cutting device, 111 base, 112 block, 113 block, 121 holding member, 131 base material, 141 support member, 142 pressing member, 143 pin, 151 drive shaft, 152 driven shaft, 201 cutting device, 211 Holding member, 221 base material, 231 support member, 232 pressing member, 233 holder, 241 drive shaft, 242 drive shaft

Claims (5)

Holding means for holding the base material from which the workpiece is machined;
When cutting the workpiece from the base material held by the holding means, when cutting a second surface facing the first surface formed as the workpiece, the first surface The support surface, which is formed in substantially the same shape as a shape obtained by inverting all or part of the shape, is brought into contact with the first surface of the work, thereby supporting the work on a substantially straight line. Support means provided to face the holding means ;
In the state where the support surface of the support means and the first surface of the work are in contact with each other, the holding of the work is performed so that the posture of the work is maintained at a desired angle in the rotation direction around the straight line. A fixture used for cutting, comprising: a means for determining the angular position of the support means . The fixture according to claim 1,
By bringing a pressing surface, which is shaped substantially the same as a shape obtained by inverting a part of the shape of the second surface, into contact with a part of the second surface, the workpiece is brought into contact with the supporting surface. The fixture used for the cutting further provided with the press means to press. The fixture according to claim 1,
The support means supports the workpiece by bringing the support surface into contact with the first surface of the workpiece with a force that does not deform the workpiece. Holding means for holding the base material from which the workpiece is machined;
When cutting the workpiece from the base material held by the holding means, when cutting a second surface facing the first surface formed as the workpiece, the first surface A support means for supporting the work by bringing a support surface formed in substantially the same shape as a shape obtained by inverting all or part of the shape into contact with the first surface of the work,
The support means and the holding means are opposed to each other on a substantially straight line, and the support surface of the support means and the first surface of the workpiece are in contact with each other in the rotational direction around the straight line. A cutting apparatus comprising: a driving unit that displaces each of the holding unit and the support unit so as to determine an angular position of the workpiece. The first side of the workpiece is formed by cutting,
By cutting the support member that supports the workpiece, a support surface having substantially the same shape as a shape obtained by inverting all or part of the shape of the first surface is formed on the support member.
By bringing the support surface into contact with the first surface of the work, the work is supported by the support member,
An angle between the workpiece and the support member by displacing the workpiece in a rotational direction around the straight line in a state where the workpiece is supported by the support member arranged with respect to the workpiece so as to face the substantially straight line. A cutting method , wherein a position is determined and a second surface of the workpiece, which is a second surface facing the first surface, is cut.

Images