JP5850234B2 - Detection device, inspection device, inspection method, and program - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a detection device, an inspection device, an inspection method, and a program, and more particularly, to a detection device, an inspection device, an inspection method, and a program that can inspect the installation state of a current sensor.

  Conventionally, based on the effective value and phase angle of AC voltage and AC current measured by the voltage sensor and current sensor, the phase vector of AC voltage and AC current is calculated, and the phase of AC voltage and the phase of AC current are compared. Thus, it has been proposed to detect an abnormality in the installation state of the current sensor (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2000-258484 A

  However, in the invention described in Patent Document 1, when only the current sensor is installed without installing the voltage sensor, an abnormality in the installation state of the current sensor cannot be detected.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and makes it possible to detect an abnormality in the installation state of a current sensor without using a voltage measurement result.

  A detection device according to a first aspect of the present invention is a detection device that detects a state of power, and is used for a first current sensor that measures a current of a first phase of a single-phase three-wire first power system. A first input unit, a second input unit for a second current sensor for measuring a current of a second phase of the first power system, and a first current input to the first input unit. A determination value calculation unit that calculates a first determination value based on a first multiplication value of the value and the value of the second current input to the second input unit; and a sign of the first determination value And an inspection unit that detects an error in the installation direction of the first current sensor or the second current sensor.

  In the detection device according to the first aspect of the present invention, the signal is input to the first input unit for the first current sensor that measures the current of the first phase of the first power system of the single-phase three-wire system. A multiplication value of the value of the first current and the value of the second current input to the second input unit for the second current sensor that measures the current of the second phase of the first power system. Based on the sign value of the determination value, an error in the installation direction of the first current sensor or the second current sensor is detected.

  Therefore, it is possible to detect an abnormality in the installation state of the current sensor without using the voltage measurement result.

  The first current sensor and the second current sensor are constituted by, for example, a current transformer. This determination value calculation means is constituted by, for example, an analog multiplication circuit, an integration circuit, a digital arithmetic circuit, a microcomputer, or various processors. The inspection unit includes, for example, a comparison circuit or a determination circuit using an operational amplifier or the like, a digital arithmetic circuit, a microcomputer, or various processors.

  The first power system is either the main power system on the commercial power source side or the load side from the connection point between the power system from the commercial power source and the power system from the power generation device, or the power generation system on the power generation device side from the connection point. On the other hand, a third input unit for a third current sensor that measures the current of the first phase of the second power system that is different from the first power system of the main system and the power generation system, And a fourth input unit for a fourth current sensor for measuring a current of the second phase of the second power system, and the determination value calculation unit is further input to the third input unit. A second determination value based on a second multiplication value of the third current value and the fourth current value input to the fourth input unit is calculated. Based on the sign of the determination value of 2, the installation direction of the third current sensor or the fourth current sensor is incorrect. It is possible to detect.

  Thereby, it is possible to detect an abnormality in the installation state of the current sensors of the main system and the power generation system without using the voltage measurement result.

  The third current sensor and the fourth current sensor are constituted by, for example, a current transformer.

  In this inspection unit, the current on the commercial power source side of the main system is measured by the first current sensor and the second current sensor, and the current of the power generation system is measured by the third current sensor and the fourth current sensor. When the effective value of the third current and the effective value of the fourth current are both less than the predetermined threshold value, the installation direction of the first current sensor and the second current sensor is determined based on the first determination value. An error can be detected.

  Thereby, erroneous detection of an error in the installation direction of the current sensor can be prevented.

  The determination value calculation unit further includes a third determination value based on a third multiplication value of the first current value and the third current value, and the second current value and the fourth current value. The fourth determination value based on the fourth multiplication value with the current value is calculated, and the inspection unit further determines the first current sensor and the third current sensor based on the third determination value. An abnormality in the installation state can be detected, and an abnormality in the installation state of the second current sensor and the fourth current sensor can be detected based on the fourth determination value.

  Thereby, the abnormality of the installation state of a current sensor can be detected more reliably.

  When at least one of the effective value of the first current and the effective value of the second current is less than a predetermined specified value, the determination value calculation unit changes the positive / negative sign of the first determination value to a predetermined code. Can be fixed.

  Thereby, the reliability of the first determination value can be improved, and erroneous detection of an error in the installation direction of the current sensor can be prevented.

  The determination value calculation unit can calculate the integrated value of the first multiplication value during n cycles (n is a natural number) of the first power system as the first determination value.

  Thereby, the reliability of the first determination value is improved.

  The inspection method according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a first input unit for a first current sensor that measures a current of a first phase of a single-phase three-wire power system, and a second power system. An apparatus including a second input unit for a second current sensor that measures a current of the first phase is input to a first current value input to the first input unit and a second input unit to the second input unit. A determination value calculating step for calculating a determination value based on a multiplication value of the current value of 2 and an error in the installation direction of the first current sensor or the second current sensor based on the sign of the determination value An inspection step.

  In the inspection method according to the first aspect of the present invention, the first input to the first input unit for the first current sensor that measures the current of the first phase of the single-phase three-wire power system. A determination value is calculated based on a multiplication value of the current value and the second current value input to the second input unit for the second current sensor that measures the current of the second phase of the power system. Based on the sign of the determination value, an error in the installation direction of the first current sensor or the second current sensor is detected.

  Therefore, it is possible to detect an abnormality in the installation state of the current sensor without using the voltage measurement result.

  This device is constituted by, for example, a detection device that detects the state of power or an inspection device that inspects the connection state of the current sensor. The first current sensor and the second current sensor are constituted by, for example, a current transformer.

  A program according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a first input unit for a first current sensor that measures a current of a first phase of a single-phase three-wire power system, and a second of the power system. The value of the first current input to the first input unit of the device including the second input unit for the second current sensor for measuring the phase current and the second input to the second input unit A determination value calculation step for calculating a determination value based on a multiplication value of the current value, and an inspection for detecting an error in the installation direction of the first current sensor or the second current sensor based on the sign of the determination value And causing the computer to execute processing including steps.

  In the computer that executes the program according to the first aspect of the present invention, the program is input to the first input unit for the first current sensor that measures the current of the first phase of the single-phase three-wire power system. A determination value based on a multiplication value of the value of the first current and the value of the second current input to the second input unit for the second current sensor that measures the current of the second phase of the power system. Is calculated, and an error in the installation direction of the first current sensor or the second current sensor is detected based on the sign of the determination value.

  This device is constituted by, for example, a detection device that detects the state of power or an inspection device that inspects the connection state of the current sensor. The first current sensor and the second current sensor are constituted by, for example, a current transformer.

  An inspection apparatus according to a second aspect of the present invention includes a first input unit for a first current sensor that measures a current of a first phase of a single-phase three-wire power system, and a second power system A second input unit for a second current sensor for measuring a phase current, a value of a first current input to the first input unit, and a second current input to the second input unit A determination value calculation unit that calculates a first determination value based on a first multiplication value with a value, and an installation of the first current sensor or the second current sensor based on the sign of the first determination value And an inspection unit for detecting a direction error.

  In the inspection apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention, the first input to the first input unit for the first current sensor that measures the current of the first phase of the single-phase three-wire power system. A determination value is calculated based on a multiplication value of the current value and the second current value input to the second input unit for the second current sensor that measures the current of the second phase of the power system. Based on the sign of the determination value, an error in the installation direction of the first current sensor or the second current sensor is detected.

  Therefore, it is possible to detect an abnormality in the installation state of the current sensor without using the voltage measurement result.

  The first current sensor and the second current sensor are constituted by, for example, a current transformer. This determination value calculation means is constituted by, for example, an analog multiplication circuit, an integration circuit, a digital arithmetic circuit, a microcomputer, or various processors. The inspection unit includes, for example, a comparison circuit or a determination circuit using an operational amplifier or the like, a digital arithmetic circuit, a microcomputer, or various processors.

  According to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, it is possible to detect an abnormality in the installation state of the current sensor without using the voltage measurement result.

It is a figure which shows one Embodiment and the example of installation of the electric power monitoring system to which this invention is applied. It is a figure which shows the 2nd installation example of an electric power monitoring system. It is a figure which shows the 3rd example of installation of an electric power monitoring system. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the function of a smart sensor. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the installation test | inspection performed by an electric power monitoring system. It is a figure for demonstrating the calculation method of the phase determination value between systems. It is a graph which shows the example of the phase difference of the voltage and electric current by load. It is a graph which shows the other example of the phase difference of the voltage and electric current by load. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the detail of a PV electric current test | inspection. It is a figure which shows the example of the error information of a PV electric current test | inspection. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the detail of a master current test | inspection. It is a figure which shows the example of the error information of a master current test | inspection. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the detail of a master phase test | inspection. It is a figure which shows the example of the error information of a master phase test | inspection. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the detail of a phase inspection between systems. It is a figure which shows the example of the error information of a system | strain phase inspection. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the detail of PV phase test | inspection. It is a figure which shows the example of the error information of PV phase inspection. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the detail of an electric power comparison test | inspection. It is a figure which shows the example of the error information of an electric power comparison test | inspection. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the power monitoring process performed by a power monitoring system. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of a computer.

Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter referred to as embodiments) will be described. The description will be given in the following order.
1. Embodiment 2. FIG. Modified example

<1. Embodiment>
[Configuration example and installation example of power monitoring system]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment and an installation example of a power monitoring system 101 to which the present invention is applied.

  The power monitoring system 101 is, for example, a system that is installed in a general home and detects and monitors the state of single-phase, three-wire AC power.

  The power monitoring system 101 is configured to include a current sensor 111L1, a current sensor 111L2, a current sensor 111U, a current sensor 111W, a smart sensor 112, and a PC (personal computer) 113. The current sensor 111L1 and the current sensor 111L2 are connected to the smart sensor 112 via the cable 114A. Current sensor 111U and current sensor 111W are connected to smart sensor 112 via cable 114B. The PC 113 is connected to the smart sensor 112 via the cable 115.

  This figure shows an example in which the power monitoring system 101 is installed in a home equipped with a photovoltaic power generation system 201 and a distribution board 202.

  The photovoltaic power generation system 201 is configured to include a solar cell module 211 and a power conditioner 212. The solar cell module 211 supplies DC power obtained by solar power generation to the power conditioner 212. The power conditioner 212 converts the DC power from the solar cell module 211 into single-phase three-wire AC power having substantially the same voltage and frequency as the commercial system, and converts the phase of the AC voltage to the phase of the AC voltage of the commercial system. Are supplied to the distribution board 202 in synchronization with

  The distribution board 202 is configured to include a main earth leakage breaker 221, a PV branch breaker 222, and a wiring breaker 223 including a plurality of breakers. The main earth leakage breaker 221 is connected between the commercial power source (not shown) and the primary side of the wiring breaker 223. The PV branch breaker 222 is connected between the primary side of the power conditioner 212 and the wiring breaker 223. Various loads (not shown) such as electric devices are connected to the secondary side of the wiring breaker 223.

  Accordingly, single-phase three-wire commercial power from the commercial system (commercial power supply) is supplied to the load via the main leakage breaker 221 and the wiring breaker 223. In addition, single-phase three-wire generated power from the solar power generation system 201 is supplied to the load via the PV branch breaker 222 and the wiring breaker 223. Furthermore, when the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation system 201 exceeds the power consumption of the load, the surplus power is supplied to the commercial system side via the main leakage breaker 221.

  Hereinafter, the power system between the photovoltaic power generation system 201 and the primary side of the wiring breaker 223 is referred to as a power generation system. Hereinafter, the secondary power system of the wiring breaker 223 is referred to as a load system. Further, hereinafter, the power system from the commercial system to the load system excluding the power generation system is referred to as a main system. Therefore, in this example, the wiring breaker 223 serves as a connection point between the main system and the power generation system, and the main system is divided into a commercial system and a load system at the connection point.

  The current sensors 111L1 to 111W are configured by sensors that can measure current, such as a sensor using a current transformer (CT) or a shunt resistor. Hereinafter, the case where the current sensors 111L1 to 111W are configured by current transformers will be described.

  The current sensor 111L1 is installed on the primary side of the L1 phase of the main circuit breaker 221, that is, the L1 phase on the commercial power supply side of the main system, and measures the L1 phase current of the main system (commercial system). The current sensor 111L2 is installed on the primary side of the L2 phase of the main leakage breaker 221, that is, the L2 phase on the commercial power supply side of the main system, and measures the current of the L2 phase of the main system (commercial system). The current sensor 111U is installed on the primary side of the U phase of the PV branch breaker 222 and measures the U phase current of the power generation system. The current sensor 111W is installed on the primary side of the W phase of the PV branch breaker 222, and measures the W phase current of the power generation system.

  The L1 phase of the main system and the U phase of the power generation system are the same phase, and the L2 phase of the main system and the W phase of the power generation system are the same phase.

  Hereinafter, in FIG. 1 and FIGS. 2 and 3 to be described later, the direction of the arrow shown in the diagrams of the current sensors 111L1 to 111W is a positive direction. That is, the measured values of the current sensors 111L1 to 111W are positive values when current flows in the direction of the arrow, and negative values when current flows in the direction opposite to the arrow.

  Hereinafter, when it is not necessary to distinguish the current sensors 111L1 to 111W from each other, they are simply referred to as the current sensor 111.

  The smart sensor 112 detects and monitors the power state of each unit based on the measurement result of each current sensor 111. For example, the smart sensor 112 detects the power flow direction of the commercial system. That is, the smart sensor 112 supplies the surplus power of the photovoltaic power generation system 201 to the commercial system and sells the power (hereinafter referred to as a power sale state), or power is supplied from the commercial system. Is detected (hereinafter referred to as a power purchase state). The smart sensor 112 measures the generated power of the solar power generation system 201 and the surplus power of the solar power generation system 201 and the power sales power supplied to the commercial system. Furthermore, the smart sensor 112 measures the purchased power supplied from the commercial system and the load power consumed by the load connected to the secondary side of the wiring breaker 223.

  In addition, the smart sensor 112 transmits information indicating the detection result of the power state of each unit to an external device. Note that any method can be employed as a method for the smart sensor 112 to communicate with an external device, regardless of whether it is wired or wireless.

  Furthermore, the smart sensor 112 performs an inspection (hereinafter referred to as an installation inspection) of the installation state and the like of each current sensor 111 when the power monitoring system 101 is installed. Specifically, the smart sensor 112 inspects the installation direction of each current sensor 111, the wiring between each current sensor 111 and the smart sensor 112, the setting of the measurement type (described later) of the smart sensor 112, and the like. Then, the smart sensor 112 supplies information indicating the inspection result to the PC 113.

  For example, the PC 113 is connected to the smart sensor 112 when performing installation inspection of the power monitoring system 101. Then, the PC 113 gives an instruction to execute the installation inspection to the smart sensor 112 or displays the result of the installation inspection.

  Hereinafter, the L1 phase voltage and current of the main system are referred to as Vcu and Icu, respectively, and the L2 phase voltage and current are referred to as Vcu and Icw, respectively. Hereinafter, the voltage Vcu and the voltage Vcw are collectively referred to as a main voltage, and the current Icu and the current Icw are collectively referred to as a main current. Further, hereinafter, the U-phase voltage and current of the power generation system are Vpu and Ipu, respectively, and the W-phase voltage and current are Vpw and Ipw, respectively. Hereinafter, the voltage Vpu and the voltage Vpw are collectively referred to as a PV voltage, and the current Ipu and the current Ipw are collectively referred to as a PV current.

[Other installation examples of power monitoring system]
2 and 3 show other installation examples of the power monitoring system 101. FIG.

  FIG. 2 shows an example in which the power monitoring system 101 is installed in a home that includes the distribution board 241 and is not provided with the solar power generation system 201. In addition, illustration of PC113 is abbreviate | omitted in this figure.

  Distribution board 202 is configured to include main leakage breaker 251 and wiring breaker 252 including a plurality of breakers. Main leakage breaker 251 is connected between the commercial power supply (not shown) and the primary side of wiring breaker 252. The secondary side of the wiring breaker 252 is connected to various loads (not shown) such as electrical equipment.

  Accordingly, single-phase three-wire commercial power from the commercial system (commercial power supply) is supplied to the load via the main leakage breaker 251 and the wiring breaker 252.

  In FIG. 2, in the main system, the primary side of the wiring breaker 223 is a commercial system and the secondary side is a load system.

  The current sensor 111L1 is installed on the primary side of the L1 phase of the main circuit breaker 251, that is, the L1 phase on the commercial power supply side of the main system, and measures the current of the L1 phase of the main system (commercial system). The current sensor 111L2 is installed on the L2 phase primary side of the main leakage breaker 251, that is, the L2 phase on the commercial power supply side of the main system, and measures the L2 phase current of the main system (commercial system).

  Further, the current sensor 111L1 and the current sensor 111L2 are connected to the smart sensor 112 via the cable 114A.

  FIG. 3 shows an example in which the power monitoring system 101 is installed in a home that further includes a photovoltaic power generation system 201, an additional unit 271, and a circuit breaker 272 in addition to the facilities shown in FIG. In addition, illustration of PC113 is abbreviate | omitted in this figure.

  The additional unit 271 is configured to include a PV branch breaker 281. The PV branch breaker 281 is connected between the secondary side of the power conditioner 212 and the circuit breaker 272.

  The breaker 272 has a primary side connected to a commercial power source (not shown), and a secondary side connected to the primary side of the main leakage breaker 251 and the primary side of the PV branch breaker 281.

  Therefore, single-phase three-wire commercial power from a commercial system (commercial power supply) is supplied to the load via the circuit breaker 272, the main leakage breaker 251 and the wiring breaker 223. In addition, single-phase three-wire generated power from the solar power generation system 201 is supplied to the load via the PV branch breaker 281, the main leakage breaker 251, and the wiring breaker 223. Furthermore, when the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation system 201 exceeds the power consumption of the load, the surplus power is supplied to the commercial system side via the circuit breaker 272.

  That is, in this example, the power generation system is between the photovoltaic power generation system 201 and the secondary side of the circuit breaker 272, and the secondary side of the circuit breaker 272 is a connection point between the main system and the power generation system. In the main system, the primary side of the circuit breaker 272 is a commercial system, and the secondary side is a load system.

  The current sensor 111L1 is installed between the L1 phase secondary side of the circuit breaker 272 and the L1 phase primary side of the main leakage breaker 251, that is, the L1 phase on the load side of the main system, and the main system (load system). The current of the L1 phase is measured. The current sensor 111L2 is installed between the secondary side of the L2 phase of the circuit breaker 272 and the primary side of the L2 phase of the main circuit breaker 251, that is, the L2 phase on the commercial power supply side of the main system, and the main system (load system) ) L2 phase current. The current sensor 111U is installed on the primary side of the U phase of the PV branch breaker 281 and measures the U phase current of the power generation system. The current sensor 111W is installed on the primary side of the W phase of the PV branch breaker 281 and measures the W phase current of the power generation system.

  Hereinafter, as shown in FIG. 1, a type in which a current sensor 111 is installed on the commercial power supply side of the main system and the power generation system and currents in the commercial system and the power generation system are measured is referred to as a PV-equipped (direct connection) type. Hereinafter, a type in which the current sensor 111 is installed only in the main system and the current of the commercial system (= load system) is measured as shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a type in which current sensors 111 are installed on the load side of the main system and the power generation system and currents in the load system and the power generation system are measured is referred to as a PV-equipped (branch) type. In addition, hereinafter, the PV presence (direct connection) type and the PV presence (branch) type are collectively referred to as a PV presence type.

[Configuration Example of Smart Sensor 112]
FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of functions of the smart sensor 112.

  The smart sensor 112 includes an input unit 301L1 to an input unit 301W, a current detection unit 302, a determination value calculation unit 303, a power calculation unit 304, a communication unit 305, a setting unit 306, an inspection unit 307, and an input / output unit 308. Configured.

  The input unit 301L1 to the input unit 301W are configured by input terminals conforming to a predetermined standard, for example. Current sensor 111L1 and current sensor 111L2 are connected to input unit 301L1 and input unit 301L2 of smart sensor 112 via cable 114A, respectively. The current sensor 111U and the current sensor 111W are connected to the input unit 301U and the input unit 301L2 of the smart sensor 112 via the cable 114B, respectively.

  Hereinafter, the input units 301L1 to 301W are simply referred to as the input unit 301 when it is not necessary to distinguish them individually.

  The current detection unit 302 includes, for example, a resistor, an A / D converter, and the like. Then, the current detection unit 302 samples the instantaneous value of the current of each unit indicated by the signal input from each current sensor 111 to the input unit 301U to the input unit 301W at a predetermined sampling period. In addition, the current detection unit 302 calculates an effective value of the current of each part based on the sampled instantaneous value of the current of each part. Then, the current detection unit 302 supplies information indicating the instantaneous value and effective value of the current of each unit to the determination value calculation unit 303, the power calculation unit 304, and the inspection unit 307.

  Based on the detection results of the main current and the PV current, the determination value calculation unit 303 indicates the phase relationship of the current between the main system and the power generation system, detects the power flow direction of the commercial system, and installs the current sensor 111. An inter-system phase determination value used for state inspection or the like is calculated. The determination value calculation unit 303 supplies the calculated inter-system phase determination value to the power calculation unit 304 and the inspection unit 307.

  In addition, the determination value calculation unit 303 indicates the phase relationship of the current between the L1 phase and the L2 phase of the main system based on the detection result of the main current, and the interphase phase used for inspection of the installation state of the current sensor 111 and the like A judgment value is calculated. Further, the determination value calculation unit 303 indicates the phase relationship of the current between the U phase and the W phase of the power generation system based on the detection result of the PV current, and is used for the inspection of the installation state of the current sensor 111 and the like. A judgment value is calculated. The determination value calculation unit 303 supplies the calculated interphase phase determination value to the inspection unit 307.

  The power calculation unit 304 calculates the power of each unit based on the detection results of the main current and the PV current and the interphase phase determination value. The power calculation unit 304 supplies the calculation result to the communication unit 305.

  The communication unit 305 includes various communication devices, and transmits power state information indicating the power state of each unit to an external device. Note that an arbitrary method can be adopted as a communication method of the communication unit 305 regardless of wired or wireless.

  The setting unit 306 includes, for example, various switches or input devices by hardware or software, an input device, a memory, and the like, and sets the measurement type of the smart sensor 112 based on a user instruction. As described above, there are three types of measurement types: PV presence (direct connection), PV presence (branch), and PV absence. The setting unit 306 notifies the set measurement type to the determination value calculation unit 303, the power calculation unit 304, and the inspection unit 307.

  The measurement type may be set from an external device via the communication unit 305 or may be set from the PC 113 via the input / output unit 308.

  The inspection unit 307 is configured to include a PV current inspection unit 321, a main current inspection unit 322, a main phase inspection unit 323, an inter-system phase inspection unit 324, a PV phase inspection unit 325, and a power comparison inspection unit 326. .

  The PV current inspection unit 321 inspects the installation state and the like of the current sensor 111U and the current sensor 111W based on the detection result of the PV current. The PV current inspection unit 321 supplies the inspection result to the PC 113 via the input / output unit 308.

  Based on the detection result of the main current, the main current inspection unit 322 inspects the installation state and the like of the current sensor 111L1 and the current sensor 111L2. The main current inspection unit 322 supplies the inspection result to the PC 113 via the input / output unit 308.

  The main phase inspection unit 323 performs inspections such as the installation state of the current sensor 111L1 and the current sensor 111L2 based on the interphase phase determination value of the main system. The main phase inspection unit 323 supplies the inspection result to the PC 113 via the input / output unit 308.

  The inter-system phase inspection unit 324 inspects the installation state and the like of each current sensor 111 based on the inter-system phase determination value. The inter-system phase inspection unit 324 supplies the inspection result to the PC 113 via the input / output unit 308.

  The PV phase inspection unit 325 performs inspections such as the installation state of the current sensor 111U and the current sensor 111W based on the interphase phase determination value of the power generation system. The PV phase inspection unit 325 supplies the inspection result to the PC 113 via the input / output unit 308.

  The power comparison inspection unit 326 compares the magnitude relationship between the sold power and the generated power based on the detection results of the main current and the PV current, and the phase determination value between the systems, so that the installation state of each current sensor 111, etc. Perform the inspection. The power comparison inspection unit 326 supplies the inspection result to the PC 113 via the input / output unit 308.

  The input / output unit 308 inputs / outputs data between the smart sensor 112 and the PC 113 via the cable 115 by a predetermined communication method. Note that an arbitrary method can be adopted as a method for communication between the input / output unit 308 and the PC 113.

[Installation inspection]
Next, with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 5, installation inspection performed when the power monitoring system 101 is installed will be described. This process is started, for example, when an installation inspection command is input from the PC 113 to the smart sensor 112 with the PC 113 connected to the smart sensor 112 via the cable 115.

  In step S1, the inspection unit 307 determines whether or not a measurement type is set. If it is determined that the measurement type is set, the process proceeds to step S2.

  In step S <b> 2, the determination value calculation unit 303 calculates an inter-system phase determination value based on the instantaneous value and effective value of the current of each unit detected by the current detection unit 302. Here, the calculation method of the phase determination value between systems is demonstrated for every measurement type.

  When the measurement type is set to PV presence, the determination value calculation unit 303 is an inter-system phase determination value phS (which indicates the phase relationship between the U-phase current Ipu of the power generation system and the L1-phase current Icu of the main system. U) is calculated by the following equation (1).

  In the equation (1), k represents the number of sampling points of the current Ipu and the current Icu, and m represents the number of samplings per cycle. Ipu [k] indicates the sampling value of the current Ipu at the kth sampling point, and Icu [k] indicates the sampling value of the current Icu at the kth sampling point.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the inter-system phase determination value phS (U) is obtained by multiplying the sampling value of the current Ipu and the current Icu at approximately the same time by one cycle from t = 0 to t = T. It is the value accumulated during the period.

  FIG. 6 shows an example of waveforms of current Ipu and current Icu when the horizontal axis indicates time, the vertical axis indicates the current value, the measurement type is set to PV presence (direct connection), and the power is sold. ing. Moreover, the circle mark and square mark of FIG. 6 have shown the sampling point. In order to make the figure easy to understand, only a part of the sampling points is shown in FIG.

  Similarly, the determination value calculation unit 303 also calculates the interphase phase determination value phS (W) indicating the phase relationship between the W phase current Ipw of the power generation system and the L2 phase current Icw of the main system (2 ).

  When at least one of the current Ipu and the effective value of the current Icu is less than a predetermined specified value (for example, 0.2 A), the determination value calculation unit 303 determines the inter-system phase determination value phS ( The sign of U) is fixed to +. Similarly, when at least one of the effective values of the current Ipw and the current Icw is less than the specified value, the determination value calculation unit 303 adds the positive / negative sign of the inter-system phase determination value phS (W) regardless of the calculation result. Secure to.

  Note that this specified value is set to a value at which the determination of the power flow direction can be performed stably, for example, 10 times the current detection limit.

  In addition, when the measurement type is set to PV-less, the determination value calculation unit 303 uses the instantaneous values of the current Icu and the current Icw instead of the instantaneous values of the current Ipu and the current Ipw to determine the inter-system phase determination value. phS (U) and phS (W) are calculated. Therefore, the inter-system phase determination value phS (U) is the square sum of the instantaneous values of the current Icu during one cycle, and the inter-system phase determination value phS (W) is the instantaneous value of the current Icw during one cycle. Sum of squares.

  Note that the inter-system phase determination values phS (U) and phS (W) when the measurement type is set to PV-less need only be positive values. For example, a calculation method different from the above may be used. It is possible to set a predetermined positive constant.

  Then, the determination value calculation unit 303 supplies information indicating the calculated inter-system phase determination values phS (U) and phS (W) to the power calculation unit 304 and the inspection unit 307.

  Here, the property of the inter-system phase determination values phS (U) and phS (W) for each measurement type will be described. First, a case where the measurement type is PV existence (direct connection) will be described.

  When the phase of the current Ipu is φU and the phase of the current Icu is φL1, if | φU−φL1 | ≦ π / 2, the phase determination value phS (U) ≧ 0 between systems, and π / 2 <| φU−φL1 When | ≦ π, the inter-system phase determination value phS (U) ≦ 0.

  On the other hand, it is empirically known that the power factor of a general household load is equal to or greater than cos (π / 6). That is, the phase difference between the voltage waveform and the current waveform is π / 6 or less.

  For example, FIG. 7 is a graph showing a result of applying an AC voltage of 100 V to a fluorescent lamp and measuring a current with a current transformer. In FIG. 7, the horizontal axis indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates voltage and current. A waveform 401 shows a voltage waveform, a waveform 402 shows a current waveform when a current transformer is attached in a direction in which the current value becomes positive when the voltage and current are in phase, and a waveform 403 shows the voltage and current The waveform of the current when the current transformer is attached in the direction in which the current value becomes positive when the current is in reverse phase is shown. In this case, the phase difference between the voltage applied to the fluorescent lamp and the current flowing through the fluorescent lamp is about 11.5 degrees (<π / 6).

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the result of measuring the current with a current transformer attached in a direction in which the current value becomes positive when an AC voltage of 100 V is applied to another load and the voltage and current are in phase. is there.
In FIG. 8, the horizontal axis indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates voltage and current. A waveform 411 indicates a voltage waveform, a waveform 412 indicates a current waveform when the load is a microwave oven, and a waveform 413 indicates a current waveform when the load is a personal computer and a display. Also in this example, the phase difference between the voltage and the current is smaller than π / 6.

  Therefore, it can be assumed that the phase difference between the U-phase voltage Vpu and the current Ipu of the power generation system is within ± π / 6. On the other hand, it is assumed that the phase difference between the L1 phase voltage Vcu and the current Icu of the main system is within ± π / 6 in the power purchase state and within the range of π ± π / 6 in the power sale state. be able to. Accordingly, in the power purchase state, it can be assumed that | φU−φL1 | ≦ π / 3 and that the inter-system phase determination value phS (U) ≧ 0. On the other hand, in the power selling state, it can be assumed that 2π / 3 ≦ | φU−φL1 | ≦ π and that the inter-system phase determination value phS (U) ≦ 0.

  Therefore, when the measurement type is PV present (direct connection), it is determined whether the L1 phase of the commercial system is in the power purchase state or the power sale state based on the sign of the inter-system phase determination value phS (U). be able to.

  On the other hand, when the measurement type is PV present (branch), the power flow direction at the installation positions of the current sensor 111L1 and the current sensor 111L2 is constant regardless of whether the power purchase state or the power sale state. Therefore, it can be assumed that | φU−φL1 | ≦ π / 3 and that the inter-system phase determination value phS (U) ≧ 0.

  When the measurement type is PV-less, the inter-system phase determination value phS (U) is the sum of squares of the instantaneous value of the current Icu during one cycle, and therefore the inter-system phase determination value phS (U) ≧ 0.

  Although only the interphase phase determination value phS (U) has been described above, the same applies to the intersystem phase determination value phS (W).

  Returning to FIG. 5, in step S <b> 3, the determination value calculation unit 303 calculates an interphase phase determination value based on the instantaneous value and effective value of the current of each unit detected by the current detection unit 302. Specifically, the determination value calculation unit 303, when the measurement type is set to PV presence, indicates an interphase phase determination value phP indicating the phase relationship between the U-phase current Ipu and the W-phase current Ipw of the power generation system. (P) is calculated by the following equation (3).

  In Equation (3), k represents the number of sampling points of the current Ipu and the current Ipw, and m represents the number of samplings per cycle. Ipu [k] represents the sampling value of the current Ipu at the kth sampling point, and Ipw [k] represents the sampling value of the current Ipw at the kth sampling point.

  Therefore, the interphase phase determination value phP (P) is a value obtained by integrating the multiplication value of the sampling values of the current Ipu and the current Ipw at substantially the same time for one cycle similarly to the interphase phase determination value.

  The determination value calculation unit 303 also has the same interphase phase determination value phP (C) indicating the phase relationship between the L1 phase current Icu and the L2 phase current Icw of the main system regardless of the set measurement type. Then, it is calculated by the following equation (4).

  Note that when at least one of the effective values of the current Ipu and the current Ipw is less than the above-described specified value, the interphase phase determination value phP (P) described later is used regardless of the calculation result of the interphase phase determination value phP (P). It is processed so that it is determined that there is no abnormality in the inspection. Similarly, when at least one of the effective values of the current Icu and the current Icw is less than the specified value, the interphase phase determination value phP (C) described later is used regardless of the calculation result of the interphase phase determination value phP (C). Processing is performed to determine that there is no abnormality in the inspection.

  Then, the determination value calculation unit 303 supplies information indicating the interphase phase determination values phP (P) and phP (C) to the inspection unit 307.

  Here, the properties of the interphase phase determination values phP (P) and phP (C) will be described.

  When the phase of the current Ipu of the power generation system is φU and the phase of the current Ipw is φW, when | φU−φW | ≦ π / 2, the interphase phase determination value phP (P) ≧ 0 and π / 2 ≦ | φU When −φW | ≦ π, the interphase phase determination value phP (P) ≦ 0.

  As described above, it can be assumed that the phase difference between the U-phase voltage Vpu and the current Ipu of the power generation system is within ± π / 6. Similarly, it can be assumed that the phase difference between the W-phase voltage Vpw and the current Ipw of the power generation system is within ± π / 6. On the other hand, the U-phase voltage Vpu and the W-phase voltage Vpw of the power generation system have opposite phases, and the phase difference is π.

  Therefore, regardless of the measurement type, it can be assumed that the phase difference between the U-phase current Ipu and the W-phase current Ipw of the power generation system is in the range of π ± π / 6. Accordingly, it can be assumed that the interphase phase determination value phP (P) ≦ 0.

  Further, if the phase of the current Icu of the main system is φL1 and the phase of the current Icw is φL2, if | φL1−φL2 | ≦ π / 2, the interphase phase determination value phP (C) ≧ 0 and π / 2 < When | φL1−φL2 | ≦ π, the interphase phase determination value phP (C) ≦ 0.

  When the measurement type is PV present (branch) or PV absent, the power flow direction at the installation position of the current sensor 111L1 is constant, so the phase difference between the L1 phase voltage Vcu and the current Icu of the main system is ± π / It can be assumed that it will be within 6. Similarly, it can be assumed that the phase difference between the L2 phase voltage Vcw and the current Icw of the main system is within ± π / 6. On the other hand, the L1 phase voltage Vcu and the L2 phase voltage Vcw of the main system are in opposite phases and the phase difference is π.

  Therefore, when the measurement type is PV presence (branch) or PV absence, it is assumed that the phase difference between the L1 phase current Icu and the W phase current Icw of the main system is in the range of π ± π / 6. Can do. Accordingly, it can be assumed that the interphase phase determination value phP (C) ≦ 0.

  On the other hand, when the measurement type is PV present (direct connection), the power flow direction at the installation positions of the current sensor 111L1 and the current sensor 111L2 is reversed depending on whether the power purchase state or the power sale state. Accordingly, the phase difference between the voltage Vcu and the current Icu and the phase difference between the voltage Vcu and the current Icu greatly vary depending on the states of the current Ipu and the current Ipw, and the sign of the interphase phase determination value phP (C) is fluctuate. However, when the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation system 201 is stopped and the current Ipu and the current Ipw of the power generation system are 0, the phase determination between phases is the same as when the measurement type is PV present (branch) or PV absent. It can be assumed that the value phP (C) ≦ 0.

  Next, in step S4, the PV current inspection unit 321 performs a PV current inspection.

(Details of PV current inspection)
Here, the details of the PV current inspection will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  In step S31, the PV current inspection unit 321 determines whether or not the measurement type is set to no PV. If it is determined that the measurement type is set to no PV, the process proceeds to step S32.

  In step S <b> 32, the PV current inspection unit 321 determines whether the PV current value of any phase ≠ 0. Specifically, when at least one of the effective values of the current Ipu and the current Ipw detected by the current detection unit 302 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, the PV current inspection unit 321 determines the PV current value of any phase ≠ 0. The process proceeds to step S33.

  This threshold value is set in consideration of an error due to noise or the like.

  In step S33, the power monitoring system 101 performs error display. Specifically, if the effective value of the current Ipu or the current Ipw of the power generation system does not become zero even though the measurement type is set to PV-less, for example, it is assumed that the following abnormality has occurred. Is done.

• The measurement type setting is incorrect.
The current sensor 111 is erroneously connected to the input unit 301U or the input unit 301W.

  Therefore, the PV current inspection unit 321 generates error information such that the measurement type in FIG.

  Specifically, the error information includes an abnormal part code and message data, and the message data further includes a message code and a message.

  The abnormal part code is 4-bit data indicating a place where a current abnormality has occurred, and the current of each phase of each power system is associated with each bit. Specifically, the L1 phase current Icu of the main system, the L2 phase current Icw of the main system, the U phase current Ipu of the power generation system, and the W phase current of the power generation system in order from the most significant bit of the abnormal part code. Ipw is associated with each other. In addition, the value of a bit corresponding to a place where a current abnormality may occur is set to 1, and the values of other bits are set to 0.

  The message code represents the type of error that has occurred by a predetermined two-digit numerical value. The message specifically indicates the phenomenon of the error that has occurred, the cause, the coping method, and the like.

  For example, when the effective value of the current Ipu is not 0, there is a possibility that the measurement type is set incorrectly or the current sensor 111 is erroneously connected to the input unit 301U. Therefore, the abnormal part code is set to “0010” with the bit corresponding to the current Ipu set to 1. The message code is set to a predetermined “01”. Further, in the message, contents indicating that the PV current value is not 0 and that there is a possibility that the wiring of the current sensor 111 or the setting of the measurement type may be incorrect are set.

  When the effective value of the current Ipw is not 0, or when the effective values of the current Ipu and the current Ipw are not 0, the message data has the same content and only the abnormal part code is changed.

  Then, the PV current inspection unit 321 supplies the set error information to the PC 113 via the input / output unit 308. The PC 113 displays the acquired error information.

  Thereafter, the PV current inspection ends.

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step S32 that the PV current value of any phase is 0, the process in step S33 is skipped, and the PV current inspection is terminated without detecting an error.

  If it is determined in step S31 that the measurement type is set to PV presence, the process proceeds to step S34.

  In step S34, the PV current inspection unit 321 determines whether the PV current value of any phase = 0. Specifically, when at least one of the effective values of the current Ipu and the current Ipw detected by the current detection unit 302 is less than the above-described threshold, the PV current inspection unit 321 has a PV current value of any phase = It determines with it being 0, and a process progresses to step S35.

  In step S35, the power monitoring system 101 performs error display. Specifically, if the effective value of the current Ipu or the current Ipw of the power generation system is 0 even though the measurement type is set to have PV, for example, a current sensor is connected to the input unit 301U or the input unit 301W. It is assumed that 111 is not normally connected. Therefore, the PV current inspection unit 321 generates error information such that the measurement type in FIG.

  For example, when the effective value of the current Ipu is 0, the current sensor 111U may not be normally connected to the input unit 301U. Therefore, the abnormal part code is set to “0010” with the bit corresponding to the current Ipu set to 1. The message code is set to a predetermined “02”. Further, in the message, contents indicating that the value of the PV current is 0 and that there is a possibility that there is an error in the wiring of the cable of the current sensor 111 and confirmation is required are set.

  When the effective value of the current Ipw is 0, or when the effective values of the current Ipu and the current Ipw are 0, the message data has the same content and only the abnormal part code is changed.

  Then, the PV current inspection unit 321 supplies the set error information to the PC 113 via the input / output unit 308. The PC 113 displays the acquired error information.

  Thereafter, the PV current inspection ends.

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step S34 that the PV current values of all phases = 0, the process in step S35 is skipped, and no PV error is detected, and the PV current inspection ends.

  Returning to FIG. 5, in step S <b> 5, the main current inspection unit 322 performs a main current inspection.

(Details of main current inspection)
Here, the details of the main current inspection will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  In step S51, the main current inspection unit 322 determines whether the main current value of any phase = 0. Specifically, the main current inspection unit 322 determines that the main current value of any phase = 0 when at least one of the effective value of the current Icu and the current Icw detected by the current detection unit 302 is less than a predetermined threshold value. The process proceeds to step S52.

  This threshold value is set in consideration of an error due to noise or the like.

  In step S52, the power monitoring system 101 performs error display. Specifically, when the effective value of the current Icu or the current Icw of the main system becomes 0, for example, it is assumed that the current sensor 111 is not normally connected to the input unit 301L1 or the input unit 301L2.

  For example, when the effective value of the current Icu is 0, the current sensor 111L1 may not be normally connected to the input unit 301L1. Therefore, the abnormal part code is set to “1000” with the bit corresponding to the current Icu set to 1. The message code is set to a predetermined “03”. Further, the message is set to indicate that the value of the main current is 0 and that there is a possibility that the cable wiring of the current sensor 111 has an error and that confirmation is necessary.

  When the effective value of the current Icw is 0, or when the effective values of the current Icu and the current Icw are 0, the message data has the same content and only the abnormal part code is changed.

  Then, the PV current inspection unit 321 supplies the set error information to the PC 113 via the input / output unit 308. The PC 113 displays the acquired error information.

  Thereafter, the main current inspection ends.

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step S51 that the main current values of all phases are not equal to 0, the processing in step S52 is skipped, and no main error is detected, and the main current inspection is terminated.

  Returning to FIG. 5, in step S <b> 6, the trunk phase inspection unit 323 performs the trunk phase inspection.

(Details of main phase inspection)
Here, the details of the main phase inspection will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  In step S71, the main phase inspection unit 323 determines whether the main current value of all phases is not equal to zero. Specifically, the main phase inspection unit 323 determines that the main current inspection unit 322 determines the main phase of all phases when the effective values of the current Icu and the current Icw detected by the current detection unit 302 are all equal to or greater than the above-described threshold values. It is determined that the current value ≠ 0, and the process proceeds to step S72.

  In step S72, the trunk phase inspection unit 323 determines whether or not the measurement type is set to have PV (direct connection). If it is determined that the measurement type is set to PV presence (direct connection), the process proceeds to step S73.

  In step S73, the trunk phase inspection unit 323 determines whether or not the PV current values of all phases = 0. Specifically, when the effective values of current Ipu and current Ipw detected by current detection unit 302 are all less than the above-described threshold values, main phase inspection unit 323 has PV current values of all phases = 0. Determination is made, and the process proceeds to step S74.

  If the measurement type is set to PV presence (direct connection), for example, the power generation of the photovoltaic power generation system 201 is stopped and the PV current values of all phases are set to 0, and then the main phase inspection is performed. It is assumed that

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step S72 that the measurement type is set to PV absent or PV present (branch), the process of step S73 is skipped, and the process proceeds to step S74.

  In step S74, the main phase checking unit 323 determines whether or not the main phase interphase phase determination value phP (C)> 0. If the interphase phase determination value phP (C)> 0, in other words, if it is determined that the sign of the interphase phase determination value phP (C) is positive, the process proceeds to step S75.

  In step S75, the power monitoring system 101 performs error display.

  As described above, when the measurement type is set to PV absent or PV present (branch), or the measurement type PV is present (direct connection), and the effective values of the current Ipu and the current Ipw are 0. In this case, it is assumed that the interphase phase determination value phP (C) ≦ 0. On the other hand, when the interphase phase determination value phP (C)> 0, for example, one installation direction of the current sensor 111L1 or the current sensor 111L2 is reversed, and one phase of the current Icu and the current Icw is reversed. It is assumed that

  Therefore, the main phase checking unit 323 generates error information as shown in FIG. Specifically, the abnormal part code is set to “1100” in which the bits corresponding to the current Icu and the current Icw are set to 1. The message code is set to a predetermined “11”. Further, the message is set to indicate that an abnormality in the phase of the current has been detected and there is a possibility that there is an error in the installation direction of the current sensor 111.

  Then, the main phase inspection unit 323 supplies the set error information to the PC 113 via the input / output unit 308. The PC 113 displays the acquired error information.

  Thereafter, the trunk phase inspection ends.

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step S74 that the interphase phase determination value phP (C) ≦ 0, no error is detected and the main phase inspection ends.

  If it is determined in step S73 that the PV current value of any phase is not equal to 0, the processes in steps S74 and S75 are skipped, the error determination is not performed, and the main phase inspection is terminated.

  That is, when the measurement type is PV present (direct connection), as described above, the sign of the phase determination value phP (C) between phases varies depending on the states of the current Ipu and the current Ipw. Accordingly, when at least one of the current Ipu and the current Ipw is not 0, the reliability of the inspection result of the main phase inspection is lowered, and thus error determination is not performed.

  Furthermore, when it is determined in step S71 that the main current value of any phase is 0, the reliability of the interphase phase determination value phP (C) is lowered and the reliability of the inspection result is lowered. The processes of S72 to S75 are skipped, the error determination is not performed, and the main phase check is finished.

  Returning to FIG. 5, in step S <b> 7, the inter-system phase inspection unit 324 performs inter-system phase inspection.

(Details of phase inspection between systems)
Here, the details of the inter-system phase inspection will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  In step S91, the inter-system phase inspection unit 324 determines whether or not the measurement type is set to have PV (branch). If it is determined that the measurement type is set to have PV (branch), the process proceeds to step S92.

  In step S92, the inter-system phase inspection unit 324 determines whether or not the PV current values of all the phases are equal to or greater than the specified value. Specifically, the inter-system phase inspection unit 324, the PV current inspection unit 321, if all of the effective values of the current Ipu and the current Ipw detected by the current detection unit 302 are equal to or greater than a specified value, It is determined that the PV current value ≧ the specified value, and the process proceeds to step S93.

  This specified value is set to the same value as the specified value used for determining whether or not to fix the positive / negative sign of the inter-system phase determination value, for example.

  In step S93, the inter-system phase inspection unit 324 determines whether or not the inter-system phase determination value <0 of any phase. The inter-system phase check unit 324 has at least one of the inter-system phase determination value phS (U) or phS (W) less than 0, in other words, the inter-system phase determination value phS (U) or phS (W). If at least one of the signs is negative, it is determined that the inter-system phase determination value <0 of any phase, and the process proceeds to step S94.

  In step S94, the power monitoring system 101 displays an error. Specifically, as described above, when the measurement type is PV existence (branch), it is assumed that the inter-system phase determination value phS (U) ≧ 0 and the inter-system phase determination value phS (W) ≧ 0. Is done. On the other hand, when the inter-system phase determination value phS (U) <0, for example, one installation direction of the current sensor 111U or the current sensor 111L1 is reversed, and one phase of the current Ipu and the current Icu is Conversely, it is assumed that it has been detected. When the inter-system phase determination value phS (W) <0, for example, one installation direction of the current sensor 111W or the current sensor 111L2 is reversed, and one phase of the current Ipw and the current Icw is reversed. It is assumed that it has been detected.

  Therefore, the inter-system phase inspection unit 324 generates error information as shown in FIG. For example, when the inter-system phase determination value phS (U) <0, the abnormal part code is set to “1010” in which the bits corresponding to the current Ipu and the current Icu are set to 1. The message code is set to a predetermined “11”. Further, the message is set to indicate that an abnormality in the phase of the current has been detected and there is a possibility that there is an error in the installation direction of the current sensor 111.

  If the inter-system phase determination value phS (W) <0, the message data has the same content and only the abnormal part code is changed.

  Then, the inter-system phase inspection unit 324 supplies the set error information to the PC 113 via the input / output unit 308. The PC 113 displays the acquired error information.

  Thereafter, the inter-system phase inspection ends.

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step S93 that the inter-system phase determination value ≦ 0 for all phases, the process of step S94 is skipped, and no inter-system phase check is completed without detecting an error.

  Further, if it is determined in step S92 that the PV current value of any phase <the specified value, the reliability of the inter-system phase determination value is lowered and the reliability of the inspection result is lowered. The process of S94 is skipped, the error determination is not performed, and the inter-system phase check ends.

  If it is determined in step S91 that the measurement type is not set to have PV (branch), the processing in steps S92 to S94 is skipped, and error determination is not performed, and the inter-system phase check ends.

  Returning to FIG. 5, in step S8, the PV phase inspection unit 325 performs a PV phase inspection.

(Details of PV phase inspection)
Here, the details of the PV phase inspection will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  In step S111, the PV phase inspection unit 325 determines whether the measurement type is set to PV presence. If it is determined that the measurement type is set to have PV, the process proceeds to step S112.

  In step S112, the PV phase inspection unit 325 determines whether or not the PV current values of all phases ≧ specified values, as in the process of step S92 of FIG. When it is determined that the PV current values of all phases ≧ the specified value, the process proceeds to step S113.

  In step S113, the PV phase inspection unit 325 determines whether or not the interphase phase determination value phP (P)> 0 of the power generation system. If it is determined that the interphase phase determination value phP (P)> 0, in other words, if the interphase phase determination value phP (P) is determined to be positive, the process proceeds to step S114.

  In step S114, the power monitoring system 101 performs error display. Specifically, when it is assumed that the interphase phase determination value phP (P) ≦ 0 as described above, when the interphase phase determination value phP (P)> 0, for example, the current sensor 111U or the current sensor One installation direction of 111 W is reversed, and it is assumed that one phase of current Ipu and current Ipw is detected in reverse.

  Therefore, the PV phase inspection unit 325 generates error information as shown in FIG. Specifically, the abnormal part code is set to “0011” in which bits corresponding to the current Ipu and the current Ipw are set to 1. The message code is set to a predetermined “11”. Further, the message is set to indicate that an abnormality in the phase of the current has been detected and there is a possibility that there is an error in the installation direction of the current sensor 111.

  Then, the PV phase inspection unit 325 supplies the set error information to the PC 113 via the input / output unit 308. The PC 113 displays the acquired error information.

  Thereafter, the PV phase inspection ends.

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step S113 that the interphase phase determination value phP (P) ≦ 0 of the power generation system, the process in step S114 is skipped, no error is detected, and the PV phase inspection ends.

  Further, when it is determined in step S112 that the PV current value of any phase <the specified value, the reliability of the interphase phase determination value phP (P) decreases, and the reliability of the inspection result decreases. The processes in steps S113 and S114 are skipped, the error determination is not performed, and the PV phase inspection ends.

  If it is determined in step S111 that the measurement type is not set to have PV, the processes in steps S112 to S114 are skipped, and the PV phase inspection ends without performing error determination.

  Returning to FIG. 5, in step S <b> 9, the power comparison inspection unit 326 determines whether an error has been detected in any of the main phase inspection, inter-system phase inspection, and PV phase inspection in steps S <b> 6 to S <b> 8. If it is determined that no error has been detected in any of the main phase check, inter-system phase check, and PV phase check, the process proceeds to step S10.

  In step S10, the power comparison inspection unit 326 performs a power comparison inspection, and the installation inspection ends.

(Details of power comparison inspection)
Here, the details of the power comparison inspection will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  In step S131, the power comparison inspection unit 326 determines whether the measurement type is set to PV presence. If it is determined that the measurement type is set to PV presence, the process proceeds to step S132.

  In step S132, the power comparison inspection unit 326 compares the magnitude relationship between the generated power and the sold power. Specifically, the power comparison inspection unit 326 acquires from the current detection unit 302 detection results of the current Ipu, the current Ipw, the current Icu, and the effective value of the current Icw. And the electric power comparison test | inspection part 326 compares the magnitude relationship of generated electric power and electric power selling power with the following method for every set measurement type.

  First, a case where the measurement type is set to have PV (direct connection) will be described.

  When the inter-system phase determination value phS (U) <0, that is, when the L1 phase of the commercial system is assumed to be in a power sale state, the power comparison inspection unit 326 determines the current Ipu of the power generation system and the main system The effective value of the current Icu is compared. Then, when the effective value of the current Ipu <the effective value of the current Icu, the power comparison / inspection unit 326 determines that the sold power in the L1 phase is larger than the generated power in the U phase. On the other hand, when the effective value of current Ipu ≧ the effective value of current Icu, power comparison / inspection unit 326 determines that the L1 phase sold power is equal to or less than the U phase generated power. Further, when the inter-system phase determination value phS (U) ≧ 0, that is, when the L1 phase of the commercial system is assumed to be in a power purchase state, the power comparison / inspection unit 326 calculates the power sales power of the L1 phase as follows. It is 0, and it is determined that the L1 phase sold power is equal to or less than the U phase generated power.

  The power comparison / inspection unit 326 also compares the magnitude relationship between the L2-phase power sold and the W-phase generated power by the same method.

  Next, a case where the measurement type is set to have PV (branch) will be described.

  The power comparison inspection unit 326 calculates a value obtained by subtracting the effective value of the current Icu of the main system from the effective value of the current Ipu of the power generation system as an effective value of the current related to the L1 phase electric power sold. Then, the power comparison / inspection unit 326 compares the effective value of the current Ipu with the effective value of the current related to the L1-phase power sales power. However, since the effective value of the current Ipu is always greater than the current related to the L1 phase power sale power, it is determined that the L1 phase power sale power is equal to or less than the U phase power generation power. Similarly, it is determined that the L2-phase electric power sold is always equal to or lower than the W-phase generated electric power.

  In step S133, the power comparison inspection unit 326 determines whether or not the generated power is less than the sold power in any phase based on the result of the process in step S132. When it is determined that the generated power is less than the sold power in any phase, the process proceeds to step S134.

  In step S134, the power monitoring system 101 displays an error. Specifically, when the L1 phase power sales power is assumed to be less than or equal to the U phase power generation power, the L1 phase power sales power is greater than the U phase power generation power. It is assumed that an abnormality has occurred.

The installation direction of the current sensor 111U and the current sensor 111L1 is correct, but the current sensor 111U is connected to the input unit 301L1, and the current sensor 111L1 is connected to the input unit 301U.
The installation direction of one of the current sensor 111U or the current sensor 111L1 is reversed, and one phase of the current Ipu and the current Icu is detected in reverse.

  Similarly, when the L2 phase electric power sold is larger than the W phase generated electric power, for example, it is assumed that the following abnormality has occurred.

The installation direction of the current sensor 111W and the current sensor 111L2 is correct, but the current sensor 111W is connected to the input unit 301L2, and the current sensor 111L2 is connected to the input unit 301W.
The installation direction of one of the current sensor 111W or the current sensor 111L2 is reversed, and one phase of the current Ipw and the current Icw is detected in reverse.

  Therefore, the power comparison inspection unit 326 generates error information as shown in FIG. For example, when the generated power of the U phase <the sold power of the L1 phase, the abnormal part code is set to “1010” in which the bits corresponding to the current Ipu and the current Ipw are set to 1. The message code is set to a predetermined “21”. Further, the message is set to indicate that the generated power is smaller than the sold power and that the cable wiring or the current sensor 111 may be installed in an incorrect direction.

  When the W-phase generated current <the L2-phase sales current, the message data has the same contents and only the abnormal part code is changed.

  Then, the power comparison inspection unit 326 supplies the set error information to the PC 113 via the input / output unit 308. The PC 113 displays the acquired error information.

  Thereafter, the power comparison inspection ends.

  On the other hand, if it is determined in step S133 that the generated power is equal to or greater than the sold power in all phases, the process in step S134 is skipped, and no error is detected, and the power comparison test ends.

  If it is determined in step S131 that the measurement type is set to PV-less, the processing in steps S132 to S134 is skipped, and the power comparison inspection ends.

  As described above, it is possible to easily detect an abnormality in the installation state of the current sensor 111 by using only the current measured by each current sensor 111 without using the voltage measurement result.

  Next, the power monitoring process executed by the power monitoring system 101 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. This process starts when the power monitoring system 101 is turned on, and ends when the power is turned off, for example.

  In step S201, the power monitoring system 101 detects the current of each unit. Specifically, the current detection unit 302 samples the instantaneous value of the current of each unit measured by the current sensors 111L1 to 111W at a predetermined sampling period. In addition, the current detection unit 302 calculates an effective value of the current of each part based on the sampled instantaneous value of the current of each part. Then, the current detection unit 302 supplies information indicating the instantaneous value of the current of each unit to the determination value calculation unit 303. Further, the current detection unit 302 supplies information indicating the effective value of the current of each unit to the power calculation unit 304.

  In step S202, the determination value calculation unit 303 calculates the inter-system phase determination values phS (U) and phS (W) as in the process of step S2 of FIG. Then, the determination value calculation unit 303 supplies information indicating the inter-system phase determination values phS (U) and phS (W) to the power calculation unit 304.

  In step S203, the power calculation unit 304 calculates the power of each unit. Hereinafter, a specific example of a method for calculating the power of each unit will be described for each measurement type.

(When the measurement type is PV existence (direct connection))
First, a case where the measurement type is set to have PV (direct connection) will be described.

  The U-phase generated power Ppu and the W-phase generated power Ppw are calculated by the following equations (5) and (6).

Ppu = VRpu × IRpu × PFpu (5)
Ppw = VRpw × IRpw × PFpw (6)

  VRpu and VRpw indicate the effective values of the voltage Vpu and the voltage Vpw of the power generation system, respectively. For example, the nominal value of the output voltage of the solar power generation system 201 is used. In addition, you may make it acquire and use the measured value of the effective value of the voltage Vpu and the voltage Vpw from the solar power generation system 201. FIG. IRpu and IRpw indicate effective values of the current Ipu and the current Ipw of the power generation system, respectively, and are calculated by the current detection unit 302. Further, PFpu and PFpw represent the power factors of the U phase and the W phase of the power generation system, respectively, and are constants set based on, for example, experimental results, actual measurement results, theoretical equations, or the like.

  When the inter-system phase determination value phS (U) ≧ 0, it is determined that the L1 phase is in a power purchase state, and the L1 phase power purchase power Pcbu, power sale power Pcsu, and load power Pl are given by It is calculated by (7) to (9).

Pcbu = VRcu × IRcu × PFc (7)
Pcsu = 0 (8)
Plu = VRcu × (IRpu + IRcu) × PFl (9)

  VRcu represents the effective value of the voltage Vcu of the main system, and for example, the nominal voltage of the commercial system is used. Since the output voltage of the solar power generation system 201 is controlled to be equal to the voltage of the commercial system, a measured value of the effective value of the voltage Vpu is obtained from the solar power generation system 201 and used as the voltage VRcu. May be. IRcu indicates the effective value of the current Icu of the power generation system, and is calculated by the current detection unit 302. Further, PFc represents a power factor of a commercial system, and is a constant set based on, for example, an experimental result, an actual measurement result, or a theoretical formula. PF1 represents the power factor of the load system, and is a constant set based on, for example, an experimental result, an actual measurement result, or a theoretical formula.

  On the other hand, when the inter-system phase determination value phS (U) <0, it is determined that the L1 phase is in the power sale state, and the L1 phase power purchase power Pcbu, power sale power Pcsu, and load power Pl are Calculated from (10) to (12).

Pcbu = 0 (10)
Pcsu = VRcu × IRcu × PFc (11)
Plu = VRcu × (IRpu−IRcu) × PF1 (12)

  Note that the L2-phase purchased power Pcbw, the sold power Pcsw, and the load power Plw are also calculated by the same equations as for the L1 phase.

(When the measurement type is PV (branch))
Next, a case where the measurement type is set to have PV (branch) will be described.

  The generated power Ppu and the generated power Ppw are calculated by the above-described formulas (5) and (6), similarly to the case where the measurement type is set to PV presence (direct connection).

  Further, when the effective current value IRcu of the main system is greater than or equal to the effective current value IRpu of the power generation system, it is determined that the L1 phase is in the power purchase state, and the L1 phase power purchase power Pcbu, the power sale power Pcsu, and the load power Plu is calculated by the following equations (13) to (15).

Pcbu = VRcu × (IRcu−IRpu) × PFc (13)
Pcsu = 0 (14)
Plu = VRcu × IRcu × PFl (15)

  On the other hand, if the effective current value IRcu of the main system is less than the effective current value IRpu of the power generation system, it is determined that the L1 phase is in the power sale state, and the L1 phase power purchase power Pcbu, the power sale power Pcsu, and the load power Plu is calculated by the following equations (16) to (18).

Pcbu = 0 (16)
Pcsu = VRcu × (IRpu−IRcu) × PFc (17)
Plu = VRcu × IRcu × PFl (18)

  In addition, Formula (15) and Formula (18) are the same formulas. That is, the load power Plu is calculated by the same equation in both the power purchase state and the power sale state.

  Note that the L2-phase purchased power Pcbw, the sold power Pcsw, and the load power Plw are also calculated by the same equations as for the L1 phase.

(When the measurement type is PV-free)
Next, a case where the measurement type is set to no PV will be described.

  When the measurement type is set to no PV, only load power (= purchased power) is calculated. Specifically, the L1 phase load power Pl is calculated by the following equation (19).

  Plu = VRcu × IRcu × PFl (19)

  Note that the L2 phase load power Plw is also calculated by the same equation as the L1 phase.

  Then, the power calculation unit 304 supplies the calculation result of the power of each unit to the communication unit 305.

  In step S204, the communication unit 305 notifies the power state of each unit. Specifically, the communication unit 305 transmits the calculated power of each unit and power state information including the power purchase state or the power sale state to an external device.

  For example, an external device that is a transmission destination accumulates received information or analyzes a power usage state based on the received information.

  Note that the detected values of the main current and the PV current may be included in the power state information. Further, it is not always necessary to transmit all the information described above. For example, the information to be transmitted may be selected according to the necessity of the transmission destination device.

  Further, the transmission of the power state information is not necessarily performed every time in the loop process of the power monitoring process, and is performed at a predetermined timing, for example, every predetermined period or when the amount of information stored exceeds a predetermined amount. What should I do? Alternatively, the power status information may be transmitted in response to a request from an external device.

  Thereafter, the process returns to step S201, and the processes after step S201 are executed.

<2. Modification>
Although the case where the present invention is applied to a single-phase three-wire power system has been described above, the present invention can also be applied to a single-phase two-wire power system. For example, the present invention is applied to a single-phase two-wire power system for the processes other than the phase phase determination value calculation and the main phase inspection and the PV phase inspection using the phase phase determination value in the installation inspection of FIG. It is also possible to execute it. Further, for example, the power monitoring process of FIG. 21 can also be executed when the present invention is applied to a single-phase two-wire power system.

  Further, in the above description, when calculating the inter-system phase determination value, as shown in Expression (1) and Expression (2), an example in which the multiplication value of the sampling value of each current is integrated for one period. Although shown, it may be integrated for n periods (where n is a natural number of 2 or more). Similarly, when calculating the inter-system phase determination value, the multiplication value of the sampling value of each current may be integrated for n periods (where n is a natural number of 2 or more).

  Further, when each current is continuously detected by an analog circuit or the like, for example, a value obtained by integrating a multiplication value of each current for n periods (where n is a natural number) is used as an inter-system phase determination value or an inter-phase phase. You may make it use for a determination value.

  Further, for example, a product of the instantaneous value of the PV current and the instantaneous value of the main current at the time when the PV current reaches a positive peak may be calculated as the inter-system phase determination value. Alternatively, for example, a product of the instantaneous value of the PV current and the instantaneous value of the main current at the time when the PV current reaches a negative peak may be calculated as the inter-system phase determination value. This is particularly effective when the load is mainly a capacitive load and the PV current has a pulsed waveform in which a sharp peak for a short time appears.

  Furthermore, for example, when the PV current and the main current cannot be detected at the same time because the sampling interval is short, the phase determination value between the systems may be calculated using the PV current and the main current detected in different periods. Good. For example, the inter-system phase determination value may be calculated using a product of the instantaneous value of the PV current and the instantaneous value of the main current of an n-cycle delay (where n is a natural number). This can also be applied when calculating the interphase phase determination value when the PV current or main current of each phase cannot be detected simultaneously.

  Moreover, the sign of the phase determination value between systems may be reversed from the above-described example depending on the rule of the installation direction of the current sensor 111.

  Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, in addition to solar power generation, for example, any type of private power generation device such as wind power generation, diesel power generation, and fuel cell can be employed.

  Further, the present invention can be applied to power systems of various facilities including private power generation devices such as buildings, factories, commercial facilities, and public facilities, in addition to general homes.

  Furthermore, the present invention can be applied to an inspection apparatus that inspects the installation state of the current sensor 111 without mounting a power monitoring function, for example.

[Computer configuration example]
The series of processes described above can be executed by hardware or can be executed by software.

  Further, for example, the above-described installation inspection process can be executed by the PC 113. In this case, for example, the information including the instantaneous values of the PV current and the main current and the phase information (or detection time) is supplied from the smart sensor 112 to the PC 113, and the information is used in the same manner as the smart sensor 112. This processing may be performed by the PC 113. Alternatively, for example, the smart sensor 1112 calculates the effective values of the PV current and the main current, the interphase phase determination value, and the interphase phase determination value, and supplies the information from the smart sensor 112 to the PC 113, and the information By using this, the PC 113 may perform the same processing as the smart sensor 112.

  When a series of processing is executed by software, a program constituting the software is installed in the computer. Here, in the computer, for example, a general-purpose personal computer (for example, PC 113) capable of executing various functions by installing a computer incorporated in dedicated hardware or various programs. Is included.

  FIG. 22 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a hardware configuration of a computer that executes the above-described series of processes using a program.

  In a computer, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 501, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 502, and a RAM (Random Access Memory) 503 are connected to each other by a bus 504.

  An input / output interface 505 is further connected to the bus 504. An input unit 506, an output unit 507, a storage unit 508, a communication unit 509, and a drive 510 are connected to the input / output interface 505.

  The input unit 506 includes a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, and the like. The output unit 507 includes a display, a speaker, and the like. The storage unit 508 includes a hard disk, a nonvolatile memory, and the like. The communication unit 509 includes a network interface or the like. The drive 510 drives a removable medium 511 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, or a semiconductor memory.

  In the computer configured as described above, the CPU 501 loads the program stored in the storage unit 508 to the RAM 503 via the input / output interface 505 and the bus 504 and executes the program, for example. Is performed.

  The program executed by the computer (CPU 501) can be provided by being recorded on a removable medium 511 as a package medium or the like, for example. The program can be provided via a wired or wireless transmission medium such as a local area network, the Internet, or digital satellite broadcasting.

  In the computer, the program can be installed in the storage unit 508 via the input / output interface 505 by attaching the removable medium 511 to the drive 510. Further, the program can be received by the communication unit 509 via a wired or wireless transmission medium and installed in the storage unit 508. In addition, the program can be installed in the ROM 502 or the storage unit 508 in advance.

  The program executed by the computer may be a program that is processed in time series in the order described in this specification, or in parallel or at a necessary timing such as when a call is made. It may be a program for processing.

  In this specification, the system means a set of a plurality of components (devices, modules (parts), etc.), and it does not matter whether all the components are in the same housing. Accordingly, a plurality of devices housed in separate housings and connected via a network and a single device housing a plurality of modules in one housing are all systems. .

  Furthermore, the embodiments of the present technology are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present technology.

  For example, the present technology can take a configuration of cloud computing in which one function is shared by a plurality of devices via a network and is jointly processed.

  In addition, each step described in the above flowchart can be executed by being shared by a plurality of apparatuses in addition to being executed by one apparatus.

  Further, when a plurality of processes are included in one step, the plurality of processes included in the one step can be executed by being shared by a plurality of apparatuses in addition to being executed by one apparatus.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 Power monitoring system 111L1 thru | or 111W Current sensor 112 Smart sensor 113 Personal computer 114A, 114B, 115 Cable 201 Solar power generation system 211 Solar cell module 212 Power conditioner 301L1 thru | or 301U Input part 302 Current detection part 303 Judgment value detection part 304 Electric power Calculation unit 306 Setting unit 307 Inspection unit 321 PV current inspection unit 322 Main current inspection unit 323 Main phase inspection unit 324 Intersystem phase inspection unit 325 PV phase inspection unit 326 Power comparison inspection unit

Claims (9)

In a detection device for detecting the state of power,
A first input unit for a first current sensor for measuring a current of a first phase of a first single-phase three-wire power system;
A second input for a second current sensor for measuring a current of a second phase of the first power system;
Calculating a first determination value based on a first multiplication value of a first current value input to the first input unit and a second current value input to the second input unit; A judgment value calculation unit;
A detection apparatus comprising: an inspection unit that detects an error in an installation direction of the first current sensor or the second current sensor based on a positive or negative sign of the first determination value. The first power system is a main system on the commercial power source side or load side from the connection point between the power system from the commercial power source and the power system from the power generation device, or the power generation system on the power generation device side from the connection point. Either
A third input unit for a third current sensor for measuring a current of the first phase of a second power system different from the first power system of the main system and the power generation system; ,
A fourth input for a fourth current sensor that measures the current of the second phase of the second power system; and
The determination value calculation unit further sets a second multiplication value of the value of the third current input to the third input unit and the value of the fourth current input to the fourth input unit. A second determination value based on the
The detection device according to claim 1, wherein the inspection unit further detects an error in an installation direction of the third current sensor or the fourth current sensor based on a positive or negative sign of the second determination value. . The inspection unit measures a current on the commercial power source side of the main system by the first current sensor and the second current sensor, and the power generation system by the third current sensor and the fourth current sensor. When the current of the first current sensor is measured, when both the effective value of the third current and the effective value of the fourth current are less than a predetermined threshold, the first current sensor is based on the first determination value. The detection device according to claim 2, wherein an error in an installation direction of the second current sensor is detected. The determination value calculation unit further includes a third determination value based on a third multiplication value of the first current value and the third current value, and the second current value and the third current value. Calculating a fourth determination value based on a fourth multiplication value of the fourth current value;
The inspection unit further detects an abnormality in an installation state of the first current sensor and the third current sensor based on the third determination value, and based on the fourth determination value, The detection device according to claim 2, wherein an abnormality in an installation state of the second current sensor and the fourth current sensor is detected. When at least one of the effective value of the first current or the effective value of the second current is less than a predetermined specified value, the determination value calculation unit sets a positive or negative sign of the first determination value to a predetermined value. The detection device according to claim 1, wherein the detection device is fixed to a code. The determination value calculation unit calculates an integrated value of the first multiplication value during n cycles (n is a natural number) of the first power system as the first determination value. A detecting device according to any one of the above. A first input unit for a first current sensor that measures a current of a first phase of a single-phase three-wire power system, and a second current that measures a current of a second phase of the power system A device comprising a second input for the sensor,
A determination value calculating step of calculating a determination value based on a product of a value of the first current input to the first input unit and a value of the second current input to the second input unit;
An inspection method that detects an error in the installation direction of the first current sensor or the second current sensor based on a positive or negative sign of the determination value. A first input unit for a first current sensor that measures a current of a first phase of a single-phase three-wire power system, and a second current that measures a current of a second phase of the power system A multiplication value of a value of a first current input to the first input unit and a value of a second current input to the second input unit of a device including a sensor second input unit. A determination value calculation step for calculating a determination value based on the determination value;
A program for causing a computer to execute a process including an inspection step of detecting an error in the installation direction of the first current sensor or the second current sensor based on a positive or negative sign of the determination value. A first input for a first current sensor that measures a current of a first phase of a single-phase three-wire power system;
A second input for a second current sensor for measuring a current of a second phase of the power system;
Calculating a first determination value based on a first multiplication value of a first current value input to the first input unit and a second current value input to the second input unit; A judgment value calculation unit;
An inspection apparatus comprising: an inspection unit that detects an error in an installation direction of the first current sensor or the second current sensor based on a positive or negative sign of the first determination value.

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