JP5845491B2 - Assembled wave-dissipating block and breakwater using the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wave-dissipating block used for wave-extinguishing waves in harbors, quay walls, rivers, and the like, and a breakwater using the same.

  Conventionally, breakwaters have been installed in harbors, quay walls, etc. in order to protect the facilities by blocking the waves rushing from the sea. In order to extinguish waves on the breakwater, wave-dissipating blocks (see Patent Document 1) are irregularly stacked from the sea floor to the water surface. In addition, a large amount of wave-dissipating blocks and a large installation space are required to pile up the wave-dissipating blocks to the required height as a countermeasure against high waves. In addition, when the wave-dissipating block is immersed in seawater at high waves, the wave-dissipating block may collapse due to buoyancy and waves, so there is a connected wave-dissipating block in which the wave-dissipating blocks are connected at equal intervals (patent) Reference 2).

JP 2008-223373 A JP 2007-303082 A

  However, since the wave-dissipating block described in Patent Document 2 has the same shape of the block to be wave-dissipated, it is not possible to quench the wave suitable for the place such as the magnitude of the wave and the period of the wave. In addition, the wave-dissipating blocks shown in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 require extensive construction work, and once the wave-dissipating block is installed on a quay, the wave-dissipating block is then recovered. Difficult to do.

  The present invention solves the above-described problem, and performs wave-dissipation suitable for the place where the wave-dissipating block is installed, and can be installed with simple construction. An object is to provide an assembly type breakwater block and a breakwater that can be collected.

In order to solve the above problems, the assembly-type wave breaking block of the present invention is a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped wave-breaking block that is used so that a plurality of piles are stacked on an upright pile. A through-hole through which the pile penetrates vertically in the center part in plan view, and an uneven part that is fitted to each other and serves as a detent for the block when they are stacked on the upper and lower surfaces. And, in plan view, at least one of the four side surfaces is a curved surface that allows waves coming toward the side surfaces to escape in the lateral direction and be erased.
Further, the curved surface of the block is provided on both side surfaces facing each other in a point-symmetrical manner with the through hole as a center, and the wing portion is formed by the block extending outwardly in a left and right direction with respect to the through hole. It is desirable to configure.
In addition, when the blocks are stacked, the concavo-convex portion is provided so that the other block can be fitted with a shift by a predetermined angle with respect to one block, and when the plurality of blocks are stacked, each wing It is desirable that the part has a screw shape along the pile.
Further, the block is a block having at least two types of forms, wherein the one block has the wings extending alternately outward on the left and right sides, and the other block has the wings and the one block. Is preferably extended to the inverted position.
Further, a breakwater using a rectangular parallelepiped assembling-type wave-dissipating block used so that a plurality of piles are stacked on each other, and each of the blocks penetrates up and down in the center in plan view. A through-hole through which the pile penetrates, and an uneven portion that is fitted to each other and serves as a detent for the block when the blocks are stacked on top and bottom surfaces, and at least of the four side surfaces in plan view One surface is a curved surface that allows a wave coming toward the side surface to escape in the lateral direction and is erased, and the curved surface of the block is provided symmetrically with respect to each other on both side surfaces facing each other, The wings are formed by the blocks extending outwardly alternately left and right with respect to the through holes, and a plurality of the blocks are stacked by inserting the through holes of the blocks into each of the piles. Hope There.
In addition, it is desirable that the stacking posture of each of the plurality of blocks is different.
Moreover, it is desirable to stack the plurality of blocks by changing the interval and arrangement of the piles placed on the seabed.
In addition, it is desirable that the postures of the blocks stacked on each of the plurality of adjacent piles are different.

  According to the present invention, a plurality of wave-dissipating blocks are stacked in different postures on a pile placed on the seabed and the like, and the waves are reflected by the curved surfaces of the blocks adjacent to each other, thereby reducing waves suitable for the installation location. A breakwater can be built. Moreover, by changing the interval between piles to be placed on the seabed or the like, it is possible to construct a breakwater having a wave transmittance suitable for the installation location, and it is easy to collect each block after use.

The perspective view of the breakwater using the assembly-type wave-dissipating block which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a perspective view of the block of the first example, (b) is a top view of the block, (c) is a front view of the block, and (d) is a right side view of the block. (A) is a perspective view of a block of the second example, (b) is a top view of the block, (c) is a front view of the block, and (d) is a right side view of the block. (A) is a perspective view of a block of the third example, (b) is a top view of the block, (c) is a front view of the block, and (d) is a right side view of the block. The perspective view which inserted the block of the 1st example and the 2nd example alternately in the pile. The perspective view which inserted the block of the 3rd example in the pile. (A) is a top view of the transmission block pillar using the block of the 3rd example used for the breakwater surface of the breakwater which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention, (b) is the AA line of (a). FIG. (A) is a top view of an impermeable block column using the block of the first example used for the breakwater surface of the breakwater, and (b) is a block of the first example used for the breakwater surface of the breakwater. The top view of the impervious block pillar using the block of the 2nd example, (c) is a sectional side view along the AA line of (a) and (b). (A) is a top view of an impermeable block column using the block of the first example and the block of the second example used for the breakwater surface of the breakwater, and (b) is a line AA of (a). FIG. The top view of the breakwater using the block pillar shown by FIG. 7 thru | or FIG. FIG. 11 is a side sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 10. FIG. 11 is a side sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 10. The top view of the breakwater which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 14 is a side sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 13. FIG. 14 is a side sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 13. (A) Top view of the first stage block when the blocks of the third example forming the block pillar according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention are respectively inserted into three piles, (b) two stages The top view of the same block of eyes, (c) The top view of the same block of the 3rd step, (d) The top view of the same block of the 4th step, (e) The top view of the stacked same block. (A) Top view of the same block at the first stage when the same block when the interval between piles installed in the embodiment is widened is inserted into three piles, respectively (b) of the same block at the second stage The top view, (c) The top view of the same block of the 3rd step, (d) The top view of the same block of the 4th step, (e) The top view of the stacked same block. (A) Top view of the first stage block when the blocks of the third example forming the block pillar according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention are inserted into two rows of piles, (b) the second stage (C) Top view of the same block in the third stage, (d) Top view of the same block in the fourth stage, (e) Top view of the stacked blocks. (A) Top view of the first block when the blocks of the third example forming the block pillar according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention are inserted into three rows of piles, (b) the second block (C) Top view of the same block in the third stage, (d) Top view of the same block in the fourth stage, (e) Top view of the stacked blocks.

(First embodiment)
An assembly type wave-dissipating block according to first, second, and third examples according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6. Here, the structure in which the assembly-type wave-dissipating blocks 1, 2, and 3 of the present embodiment are used as the wave-dissipating blocks 1, 2, and 3 of the breakwater 6 will be described.

  In FIG. 1, a breakwater 6 has a plurality of steel pipe piles 4 having a diameter of 300 mm placed on the seabed S, and assembly-type wave breaking blocks 1, 2, and 3 are respectively inserted and stacked in the placed steel pipe piles 4. ing. The upper part of the breakwater 6 is covered with concrete 5 and has a structure in which the steel pipe pile 4 is fixed. At the tip of the breakwater 6, the assembly-type wave breaker block 1 of the first example and the assembly wave-breaking block 2 of the second example are alternately inserted into the four steel pipe piles 4 placed on the seabed S. Has been. Further, in the front surface of the breakwater 6, the assembly-type wave breaker block 3 of the third example is inserted into a plurality of steel pipe piles 4 placed on the seabed S. Details of each of the first to third blocks are as described below.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the assembly-type wave breaker block 1 of the first example (herein referred to as A-0 type) is a rectangular parallelepiped, and includes a through hole 10 penetrating vertically at the center in a plan view. This through hole 10 is a through hole for insertion into the steel pipe pile 4 shown in FIG.

  To prevent the upper and lower blocks 1 from rotating when the block 1 is inserted into the steel pipe pile 4, the block 1 has a trapezoidal detent (protrusion) 11 on the top surface and a trapezoidal rotation on the bottom surface. A stop recess (uneven portion) 12 is provided. When a plurality of the blocks 1 are stacked, the anti-rotation convex portion 11 of the lower block 1 is engaged with the anti-rotation concave portion 12 of the upper block 1. Therefore, the block 1 does not rotate around the through hole.

Further, the block 1 includes a curved surface portion 14 that allows two waves out of the four side surfaces in the plan view to escape by escaping waves coming to the side surface in a lateral direction. The wing portion 13 is configured by being provided point-symmetrically with the through hole 10 as a center, and the blocks 1 extending outward in a staggered manner with respect to the through hole 10. The two side surfaces 15 other than the two curved surface portions 14 are flat surface portions 15 formed of a flat surface. The tip 16 of the wing 13 is rounded in an arc shape. The dimensions of the block 1 shown in this embodiment are X1 = 2500 mm, X2 = 1000 mm, X3 = 300 mm, and X4 = 550 mm.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the assembling-type wave-dissipating block 2 of the second example (here, referred to as B-0 type) is extended to a position where the wing portion 23 is reversed from the block 1. The block 2 includes a through hole 20, a trapezoidal anti-rotation convex portion 21, an anti-rotation concave portion 22, two curved surface portions 24, and a flat portion 25, and a tip portion 26 of the wing portion 23, as in the block 1. Are similarly arcuately rounded. The through hole 20, the trapezoidal anti-rotation convex portion 21, and the anti-rotation concave portion 22 have the same shape as the opposing portions of the block 1. The dimensions of the block 2 shown in this embodiment are Y1 = 2500 mm, Y2 = 1000 mm, Y3 = 300 mm, and Y4 = 550 mm.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the assembly type wave-dissipating block 3 of the third example (herein referred to as A-45 type) has a non-rotating convex portion 31 with respect to the anti-rotating concave portion 32 as compared to the block 1. The shape is rotated 45 degrees clockwise about 30. Therefore, when the blocks 3 are stacked, the blocks 3 stacked above are rotated 45 degrees clockwise with respect to the blocks 3 stacked below. Other through-holes 30, wing parts 33, two curved surface parts 34, flat part surfaces 35, and tip parts 36 have the same shape as the corresponding parts of the block 1. The dimensions of the block 3 shown in this embodiment are Z1 = 2500 mm, Z2 = 1000 mm, Z3 = 300 mm, and Z4 = 550 mm. That is, the blocks 1, 2 and 3 have a relationship of X1 = Y1 = Z1, X2 = Y2 = Z2, X3 = Y3 = Z3, X4 = Y4 = Z4.

  As described above, the through holes 10, 20, 30 of the blocks 1, 2, 3, the anti-rotation convex portions 11, 21, 31 and the anti-rotation concave portions 12, 22, 32 have the same shape. Therefore, even when the blocks 1, 2, and 3 are mixed and stacked, the blocks 1, 2, and 32 that are stacked at the lower positions of the anti-rotation recesses 12, 22, and 32 of the blocks 1, 2, and 3 that are stacked above are stacked. If the positions of the non-rotating convex portions 11, 21, 31 are matched with each other, the non-rotating convex portions 11, 21, 31 are fitted into the non-rotating concave portions 12, 22, 32, and the blocks 1, 2, 3 are Fixed.

  In FIG. 5, the block 1 and the block 2 are alternately inserted into the steel pipe pile 4 and stacked regularly to form a semi-permeable block column 1A. This block pillar 1 </ b> A is installed at the tip of the breakwater 6. In the semi-permeable block pillar 1A, the bottom block 2 is in contact with the seabed S due to the weight of the blocks 1 and 2 stacked above it. Accordingly, the entire stacked blocks 1 and 2 are fixed to the seabed S.

  In FIG. 6, the blocks 3 are sequentially stacked with a 45 ° clockwise shift from the bottom of the steel pipe pile 4 to form a permeable block column 1 </ b> B. This permeable block pillar 1 </ b> B is installed in front of the breakwater 6.

  As described above, the breakwater 6 of the present embodiment is constructed from the semi-permeable block pillar 1A and the permeable block pillar 1B. Since the front surface of the breakwater 6 is a portion that receives waves from the front surface, the entire structure of the block 3 that performs wave quenching has a complicated shape. A plurality of transparent block pillars 1B are arranged in the horizontal direction, and waves are reflected by the curved surface part 34 and the flat part 35 of the block 3 of the transparent block pillar 1B adjacent to the curved part 34 and the flat part 35 of the block 3 several times. . The wave energy is lost by this reflection, and the phase of the wave is changed. The wave that is pushed later collides with the reflected wave, and the reflection of the wave from the breakwater 6 to the outside hardly occurs. Adjacent blocks 3 have a gap, and water flows into the breakwater 6 from this gap, and the inside of the breakwater 6 becomes a water retentive part (not shown). Also by this water reclaiming part, the reflection of the wave from the breakwater 6 is suppressed. That is, the difference in water level between the water level in front of the breakwater 6 and the water reclaiming part reduces the energy of waves that strike.

  Moreover, since the semi-permeable block pillar 1A is arranged in the front-end | tip part of the breakwater 6, it has a wave-absorbing structure different from the front. The waves struck to the tip of the breakwater 6 are reflected by the curved portions 14 and 24 of the semi-permeable block pillar 1A and the curved portions 14 and 24 of the block 2 and the flat portions 15 and 25, and further curved surfaces of the adjacent blocks 1 and 2 Reflected by the portions 14 and 24 and the flat portions 15 and 25 several times. As described above, the wave energy is lost due to this reflection, and further, the wave phase is changed, and the wave that rushes later collides with the reflected wave, and the reflection of the wave from the breakwater 6 to the outside is Almost never occurs.

  Moreover, the semi-permeable block pillar 1A installed at the tip of the breakwater 6 has no gap between the blocks 1 and 2 that are adjacent in the top and bottom and the left and right in a plan view. However, since the block 1 and the block 2 are alternately stacked, there is a gap in the diagonally upward direction and the diagonally downward direction between the wing part 13 of the block 1 and the wing part 23 of the block 2 stacked vertically. It has a structure in which water is generated and flows into the reclaimed water section. Also by this structure, reflection of waves from the breakwater 6 to the outside is suppressed.

(Second Embodiment)
Regarding the breakwater according to the second embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of stacking patterns of assembling-type wave-dissipating blocks 1, 2, and 3, and the assembling-type wave-dissipating blocks 1, 2, 3 stacked in this way are used for the breakwater surface The breakwater to be described will be described with reference to FIGS.

  7A and 7B, the blocks 3 are sequentially stacked with the through holes 30 inserted into the steel pipe piles 4 to form a permeable block pillar 1B. This permeable block pillar 1B is the same as that shown in FIG. The anti-rotation convex portion 31 of each block 3 is fitted with the anti-rotation concave portion 32 of the block 3 stacked thereon, and each wing portion 33 of the block 3 is screw-shaped along the steel pipe pile 4 when viewed from above. It has become. Since the block 3 inserted in the steel pipe pile 4 is stacked with the upper block 3 shifted by 45 degrees with respect to the lower block 3, the shape of the block 3 in a side view is four types. Thereby, when a plurality of permeable block pillars 1B are arranged side by side, a gap is formed between the permeable block pillar 1B and the permeable block pillar 1B for water to pass through.

  In FIG. 8A, the blocks 1 are sequentially stacked with the through holes 10 inserted into the steel pipe piles 4 to form an impermeable block pillar 1C. This impervious block pillar 1C has a semi-bow-shaped arc between adjacent impervious block pillars 1C. In FIG. 8B, the block 1 is stacked on the left steel pipe pile 4, and the block 2 is stacked on the adjacent steel pipe pile 4. The combination of the column 1 of the block 1 and the column 2 of the block 2 forms an impermeable block column 1D. This impermeable block pillar 1D has a semicircular arc in the center. In FIG. 8C, the non-transparent block pillar 1C and the blocks 1 and 2 constituting the opaque block pillar 1D have the same shape in the side view, so that the adjacent opaque block pillar 1C and the transparent block are the same. There is no gap for water to pass between the column 1C and between the adjacent impermeable block column 1D and the transmission block column 1D.

  9A and 9B, the block 2 is stacked on the left steel pipe pile 4, and the block 1 is stacked on the adjacent steel pipe pile 4. A combination of the pillars of the block 2 and the pillars of the block 1 constitutes an opaque block pillar 1E. The opaque block pillar 1E has a larger semicircular arc at the center than the opaque block pillar 1D. Since the shape of the side view of the pillar of the block 1 and the pillar of the block 2 that constitute the opaque block pillar 1E is the same, water passes between the adjacent opaque block pillar 1E and the opaque block pillar 1E. No gap is generated.

  As described above, there are various methods of stacking the blocks 1, 2, and 3. As a method of stacking the blocks 1, 2, and 3, a method most suitable for wave extinction can be selected in accordance with a place where the breakwater 40 is installed, such as a wave height and a period.

  10 to 12, the breakwater 40 includes a breakwater surface I using a plurality of transmission block columns 1B on the front facing the sea side, and a plurality of impermeable block columns 1E on the rear side facing the land side facing it. And a breakwater surface III using a plurality of impervious block pillars 1D at a tip portion located at a position facing the existing structure 7. The transmission block pillar 1B is disposed in front of the breakwater 40, that is, at a position facing the sea side. The breakwater 40 is provided with a water reserving part 41 at the center thereof.

  In FIG. 11, the breakwater surface I is installed in a state where the bottom block 3 of the leftmost permeable block pillar 1B has the longest horizontal length when viewed from the side, and sequentially 45 degrees thereon. The blocks 3 are stacked with a shift. The lowermost block 3 of the second permeable block pillar 1B from the left is in a state where the lateral length is the shortest in side view, that is, the lowermost left block 3 of the leftmost permeable block pillar 1B It is installed in a posture that is 90 degrees off. In this way, the blocks 3 are stacked on the steel pipe pile 4 so that the blocks adjacent to the left and right are shifted by 90 degrees, and the transmission block column 1B constitutes the breakwater surface I. The breakwater surface I has a structure in which a gap T is provided between the permeable block pillar 1B and the permeable block pillar 1B, and water flows into the water reserving part 41 through the gap T. Thus, the magnitude | size of the clearance gap T which arises between the adjacent permeable block pillars 1B can be arbitrarily changed with the stacking method of the block 3 adjacent on the right and left. Therefore, it is easy to change the opening ratio at which water flows into the basin 41 through the gap T.

  Since the breakwater surfaces II and III are constituted by impermeable block columns 1E and 1D, no gap is formed between the adjacent impermeable block columns 1E and 1D. Therefore, on the breakwater surfaces II and III, water does not flow into the water reserving part 41 of the breakwater 40.

  In FIG. 12, the H steel 9 covered with the concrete 5 is bridged to the steel pipe pile 4, and the end of the H steel 9 is welded and firmly fixed to the upper end of the steel pipe pile 4. Moreover, the steel pipe pile 4 is deeply laid in the ground of the seabed S.

  In the breakwater 40 of the present embodiment, waves from the sea offshore are almost extinguished on the breakwater surface I constituted by the transmission block pillars 1B stacked in a screw shape, and almost no waves are reflected from the breakwater 40. That is, the wave that strikes the breakwater 40 is reflected on the curved surface portion 34 or the flat surface portion 35 of the block 3 of the transmission block pillar 1B. Further, the reflected wave is also reflected in a complicated manner on the curved surface portion 34 or the flat surface portion 35 of the block 3 on both sides adjacent to the left and right, and the energy of the wave is reduced. In addition, the wave is reflected on the block 3, so that the phase of the wave is deviated, and the wave that strikes later and the wave that is reflected and out of phase collide with each other. This also reduces the energy of the wave that strikes and almost eliminates reflection of the wave from the breakwater 40.

  In addition, since the breakwater 40 includes the water reserving part 41, the energy of the waves rushed to the breakwater 40 is also reduced by the water reserving part 41. Furthermore, due to the wave extinction in the wave extinction block 3, a buck effect is produced in which oxygen is greatly dissolved in water. Thereby, algae etc. stick to a wave-dissipating block, and the water retarding part 41 of the breakwater 40 using the wave-dissipating blocks 1, 2, and 3 of this embodiment also becomes a fishing reef for fish to live in.

  Similarly, the blocks 1 and 2 constituting the impervious block pillars 1E and 1D on the breakwater surface II and the breakwater surface III of the breakwater 40 are also reflected by the curved surface portions 14 and 24 of the blocks 1 and 2, respectively. The waves are out of phase with each other and collide with waves that strike later, and the reflection of waves from the breakwater 40 is almost eliminated.

(Third embodiment)
An assembly-type wave-dissipating block 1, 2, 3 according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, the breakwater 50 which further strengthened the structure of the breakwater 40 demonstrated in 2nd Embodiment is demonstrated.

  In FIG. 13, the difference between the breakwater 50 and the breakwater 40 is that the breakwater surface II on the rear side is divided into two rows, and concrete or earth and sand is poured between the breakwater surface II and the breakwater surface II to provide a breakwater reinforcement portion 52. That is. The breakwater 50 is further strengthened against the waves by the breakwater reinforcing portion 52. Due to the addition of the breakwater strengthening portion 52, the width of the breakwater 50 is slightly longer than that of the breakwater 40. In FIG. 14, the front cross section of the breakwater 50 is the same as the cross section of the breakwater 40, and thus description thereof is omitted. In FIG. 15, since the breakwater surface II is increased by one row, the H steel 9 at the top of the breakwater 50 is welded to the three steel pipe piles 4.

  As described above, the breakwater 50 according to the third embodiment is more suitable for a place with a stronger wave because the breakwater reinforcing portion 52 is newly provided as compared with the breakwater 40. Moreover, since the algorithm for the wave extinction of the breakwater 50 and its effect are the same as those of the breakwater 40, the description thereof is omitted.

(Fourth embodiment)
The stacking of the assembly-type wave breaking blocks 3 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 16 and 17. In this embodiment, the arrangement of blocks 3 stacked in a screw shape of the transmission block pillar 1B constituting the breakwater surface I of the breakwaters 40 and 50 described in the second embodiment or the third embodiment and the interval between the steel pipe piles 4 are described. Is a modified form.

  In FIG. 16, the interval between the steel pipe pile 4 and the steel pipe pile 4 is A1 (1782 mm), and (a), (b) so that there is no gap between the blocks 3 stacked on the adjacent left and right steel pipe piles 4. , (C), (d), the blocks 3 are stacked in order, and a semi-transparent block column 1F is formed by the plurality of stacked block columns. When the blocks 3 are further stacked, the same steps are repeated in the order of (a), (b), (c), and (d).

  When this semi-permeable block column 1F is applied to the breakwater surface I of the breakwaters 40 and 50, no gap is generated between adjacent block columns forming the semi-permeable block column 1F. The wave transmittance of is close to zero. However, a gap is generated between the wing portion 33 of the block 3 stacked on the block column forming the semi-transmissive block column 1F and the wing portion 33 of the block 3 stacked on the upper and lower sides thereof. A part of the waves struck by the water flows into the reclaimed water parts 41 and 51 through the gap.

  In FIG. 17, the space | interval of the steel pipe pile 4 and the steel pipe pile 4 is expanded from A1 of FIG. 16 to A2 (2500 mm) so that a predetermined clearance may be made between the blocks 3 stacked on the left and right adjacent steel pipe piles 4. ing. The blocks 3 are stacked in the order of (a), (b), (c), and (d) on the steel pipe pile 4 with the increased spacing, and the transparent block column 1G is formed by the stacked block columns. The When this transmission block column 1G is applied to the breakwaters 40 and 50, the wave transmittance to the water reserving parts 41 and 51 through the gap U between adjacent block columns forming the transmission block column 1G is 30%. It will be about.

  Thus, by changing the arrangement interval of the steel pipe piles 4, the aperture ratio at which water passes through the gap U between the permeable block columns 1 </ b> G is changed, and the wave transmittance to the water reserving units 41 and 51 is changed. In addition, although this embodiment illustrated only the three steel pipe piles 4, it cannot be overemphasized that the horizontal breakwaters 40 and 50 can be constructed | assembled by arranging the several steel pipe pile 4 and repeating the stacking of the block 3 in the same order. Yes.

(Fifth embodiment)
The stacking of the assembly-type wave breaking blocks 3 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 18, the interval B1 between the steel pipe pile 4 in the first row and the steel pipe pile 4 is 2520 mm, and the interval B2 between the first and second steel pipe piles 4 is 1260 mm. The blocks 3 are stacked in the order of (a), (b), (c), and (d), and a semi-transparent block column 1H is formed by the plurality of stacked block columns.

  When this translucent block column 1H is applied to the breakwater surface I of the breakwaters 40 and 50, there is no gap between the first column block columns and the second column block columns forming the translucent block columns 1H. The wave transmittance through the gap between the semi-permeable block pillars 1H to the water reserving parts 41 and 51 is close to zero. However, since there is a gap between the wing portion 33 of the block 3 stacked on the block column forming the semi-transmissive block column 1H and the wing portion 33 of the block 3 stacked on the upper and lower sides thereof, the semi-transmissive block column 1H has A part of the struck wave flows into the water reclaiming parts 41 and 51 through the gap.

  As shown in this embodiment, by providing two rows of block pillars stacked in a screw shape, the wave that strikes is reflected many times to the curved surface portion 34 and the flat surface portion 35 of the block 3 of the semi-transmissive block pillar 1H. It can be said that it is more suitable for installation in a place with a stronger wave than the structure shown in the fourth embodiment.

(Sixth embodiment)
The stacking of the assembly-type wave breaking blocks 3 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 19, the distance C1 between the steel pipe piles 4 in the first row is 5420 mm, the distance C2 between the steel pipe piles 4 in the second row and the third row is 2520 mm, the first row, the second row, and the third row. The distance C3 between the steel pipe piles 4 is 1260 mm. The block 3 is performed in the order of (a), (b), (c), and (d), and the semi-transmissive block pillar 1I is formed by the plurality of stacked block pillars.

  When this semi-transmissive block column 1I is applied to the breakwater surface I of the breakwaters 40 and 50, there is a gap between the adjacent first, second, and third block columns that form the semi-transmissive block column 1I. Therefore, the wave transmittance through the gap between the semi-permeable block pillars 1 </ b> I to the reclaimed water portions 41 and 51 is close to zero. However, since a gap is formed between the wing part 33 of the block 3 stacked on the block pillar forming the semi-transmissive block pillar 1I and the wing part 33 of the block 3 stacked on the top and bottom thereof, the semi-transmissive block pillar 1I A part of the struck wave flows into the reclaimed water portions 41 and 51 through the gap portion.

  As shown in the present embodiment, by providing three rows of block pillars of the block 3 stacked in a screw shape, the wave that strikes is reflected many times on the curved surface part 34 and the flat part 35 of the block 3 of the semi-transmissive block pillar 1I. Therefore, it is suitable for installation in a place where the wave is stronger than the structure shown in the fifth embodiment. Furthermore, the portion 60 that forms a triangle surrounded by the block pillars forming the semi-permeable block pillar 1I also serves as a water retentive part.

  As described above, since the blocks 1, 2 and 3 according to the present embodiment can freely arrange the blocks 1, 2 and 3, it is possible to construct a breakwater suitable for the wave strength. . In addition, since the blocks 1, 2 and 3 are inserted into the steel pipe piles 4 and stacked, when constructing a new breakwater, it is easy to remove and reuse the removed blocks 1, 2 and 3 can do.

  The anti-rotation convex part 31 of the block 3 shown in the embodiment has a shape rotated clockwise by 45 degrees around the through hole 30 with respect to the anti-rotation concave part 32, but is not limited to this. For example, , 15 degrees, 30 degrees, or 90 degrees rotated clockwise. Although the magnitude | size of the block 1,2,3 and the thickness and arrangement | positioning space | interval of the steel pipe pile 4 for inserting the blocks 1,2,3 were shown concretely, it is not limited to this. Two of the side surfaces of the blocks 1, 2, and 3 are the curved surface portions 14, 24, and 34. However, the two surfaces are not necessarily required, and even one surface can be wave-dissipated.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Assembling-type wave-dissipating block of 2nd example 2 Assembling-type wave-dissipating block of 2nd example 3 Assembling-type wave-dissipating block of 3rd example 4 Steel pipe pile (pile)
6, 40, 50 Breakwater 10, 20, 30 Through-hole 11, 21, 31 Anti-rotation recess (uneven portion)
12, 22, 32 Anti-rotation convex part (concave part)
13, 23, 33 Wings 14, 24, 34 Curved surface (curved surface)

Claims (8)

A rectangular parallelepiped assembling-type wave-dissipating block that is used so that a plurality of piles are stacked on a standing pile,
Each of the blocks
A through-hole through which the pile penetrates vertically in the center in a plan view;
And an uneven portion that is fitted to each other when the blocks are stacked and serves as a detent for the blocks when they are stacked.
An assembled wave-dissipating block characterized in that at least one of the four side surfaces in a plan view is a curved surface that allows a wave coming toward the side surface to escape in a lateral direction to be erased. The curved surface of the block is provided symmetrically with respect to the through hole on both side surfaces facing each other, and the block extends outwardly in a left-right direction with respect to the through hole to form a wing portion. The assembly-type wave-dissipating block according to claim 1, wherein The concavo-convex portion is provided such that when the blocks are stacked, the other block can be shifted by a predetermined angle with respect to one block,
The assembly-type wave breaker block according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when a plurality of the blocks are stacked, each wing portion has a screw shape along the pile.   The block is a block having at least two types, and the one block has the wings extending outward in a staggered manner on the left and right sides, and the other block has the wings inverted from the one block. The assembly-type wave-dissipating block according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the dissipative wave-dissipating block according to claim 1 or 2 is extended to the position. A breakwater using a rectangular parallelepiped assembling-type wave-dissipating block that is used so that a plurality of piles are stacked on a standing pile,
Each of the blocks
A through-hole through which the pile penetrates vertically in the center in a plan view;
And an uneven portion that is fitted to each other when the blocks are stacked and serves as a detent for the blocks when they are stacked.
In a plan view, at least one of the four side surfaces is a curved surface that allows waves coming toward the side surface to escape in the lateral direction and be erased,
The curved surface of the block is provided symmetrically with respect to the through hole on both side surfaces facing each other, and the block extends outwardly in a left-right direction with respect to the through hole to form a wing portion. And
A breakwater comprising a plurality of the blocks stacked by inserting through holes of the blocks into each of the piles.   The breakwater according to claim 5, wherein each of the plurality of blocks has a different stacking posture.   The breakwater according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the plurality of blocks are stacked by changing an interval and an arrangement of the piles placed on the seabed.   The breakwater according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein postures of the blocks stacked on each of the plurality of adjacent piles are made different from each other.

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