JP5843518B2 - Disconnection detector - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a disconnection detecting device, and more particularly to disconnection for detecting the presence or absence of disconnection in wiring between individual cells constituting a battery in which a plurality of cells are connected in series and a voltage measuring unit for measuring the voltage of the cells. The present invention relates to a detection device.

  In an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle, as a power source for driving a motor, a stack type in which a plurality of cells made of secondary batteries such as lithium ion batteries are connected in series to obtain a desired voltage. A battery is used. In such a stack type battery, electric power supplied from a power supply facility installed outside the automobile or electric power regenerated by a motor can be stored in each cell. Moreover, the voltage of each cell fluctuates by charging or discharging.

  Here, if the cell is overdischarged or overcharged, it adversely affects the characteristics of the cell, and consequently the ability of the battery to drive the motor is reduced. For this reason, it is important to accurately measure the voltage of each cell constituting the stack type battery and appropriately charge and discharge the cell according to the measured cell voltage. If a disconnection occurs in the wiring between the two, it becomes difficult to accurately measure the cell voltage. Thus, a disconnection detection device that detects the presence or absence of disconnection in the wiring between the cell and the voltage measurement device is known (for example, Patent Document 1).

FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a conventional disconnection detection device. According to the conventional breaking detection apparatus, current bypass voltage detecting circuit a ₁ ~a _n has a voltage of each cell C ₁ -C _n, compares the bypass operating voltage, the cell voltage exceeds the bypass operating voltage, N-type MOS transistors Q _{1 to} Q _n provided for each cell are turned on. The abnormality detection circuits b _{1 to} b _n detect the overcharge state and overdischarge state of the corresponding cell. The charge / discharge control circuit 105 charges the assembled battery 101 when an overcharge abnormality detection signal and an overdischarge abnormality detection signal are input a predetermined number of times within a predetermined time via the OR circuit 104, and then When the overcharge abnormality detection signal and the overdischarge abnormality detection signal are not input alternately, it is determined that a disconnection has occurred in the connection line between the detection terminals q _{1 to} q _n and the cells C _{1 to} C _n . With such a configuration, it is possible to reliably detect the disconnection of the connection line between the cell and the detection terminal without forcibly shorting every other detection terminal.

JP 2006-185685 A

  According to the prior art, based on the presence or absence of an overcharge abnormality detection signal and an overdischarge abnormality detection signal generated by measuring the voltage at the connection portion of the cell and indicating that the measured voltage indicates an abnormal value The presence or absence of the disconnection of the connection line between is detected. However, even if the measured cell voltage is in the normal range, there may be a disconnection in the wiring between the cell and the detection terminal. In such a case, the presence of the disconnection cannot be detected. There is a problem that the voltage of the cell cannot be measured accurately.

A method for detecting the presence or absence of disconnection in the wiring between the individual cells constituting the stack type battery and the voltage measurement circuit using the conventional voltage measurement circuit will be described with reference to FIG. Here, a case where a cell voltage is measured using a differential amplifier circuit as a voltage measurement circuit will be described as an example. In the stack type battery 1, cells C _{1 to} C _N are connected in series, and individual cells are connected to each other by j _{2 to} j _N among connection portions j _{1 to} j _{N + 1} provided at both ends of the cell. Has been. Each connecting portion j ₁ ~j N + _1, through the line W ₁ ~W N + _1, the cell-side terminal p ₁ ~p N + ₁ for measuring the voltage V ₁ ~V _N cell provided It has been.

Furthermore, the cell side terminals p _{1 to} p _{N + 1} are connected to the terminals q _{1 to} q _{N + 1} of the voltage measurement circuit 40. When measuring voltage V _n of the n th cell C _n is connected via the cell terminals p _n and p _{n + 1,} and the terminal q _n and q _{n + 1} of the voltage measuring circuit 40, the cell C _n inverting input terminal of the opposite sides of the terminal j _n and j _{n + 1} the operational amplifier a respectively in the voltage measuring circuit 40 (+) and the non-inverting input terminal (-) connected to, measuring the value of the output voltage Vout _n. Here, it is assumed that one of the wirings W _n or W _{n + 1} is broken at, for example, a broken line Wb _n or Wb _{n + 1 as shown} in FIG. At this time, the output voltage Vout _n is expressed by the following equation (1).

ここで、Ｒ_a、Ｒ_b、Ｒ_c、Ｒ_dは、差動増幅回路Ａに設けられた抵抗、ΣＶ_n-1はオフセット電圧と呼ばれ、電圧測定対象のセルＣ_nの下層に積層されているセルＣ₁〜Ｃ_n-1の電圧Ｖ₁〜Ｖ_n-1の総和である。

Here, R _a , R _b , R _c , and R _d are resistors provided in the differential amplifier circuit A, and ΣV _n-1 is called an offset voltage, and is stacked below the cell C _n that is a voltage measurement target. The sum of the voltages V _{1 to} V _n−1 of the cells C _{1 to} C _n−1 .

When the output voltage Vout _n shows an abnormally low value (for example, 0 to 1 [V]) or an abnormally high value (for example, 4.8 to 5 [V]), the wiring W _n or W _It can be determined that a disconnection occurs at _{n + 1} . However, from equation (1), depending on the value of the offset voltage ΣV _n−1 , the output voltage Vout _n may indicate a normal voltage (for example, 1 to 4.8 [V]). In such a case, Simply measuring the voltage of the cell cannot detect the disconnection that occurs in the wiring between the cell and the voltage measurement unit, resulting in the problem that the cell voltage may not be measured accurately. It was.

  Therefore, in the present invention, even if the voltage measurement unit shows a normal voltage value as the cell voltage even though the wiring between the cell and the voltage measurement unit is disconnected, the cell An object of the present invention is to provide a disconnection detecting device capable of detecting disconnection in wiring between the voltage measuring unit and the voltage measuring unit.

  The disconnection detecting device of the present invention includes a terminal provided in each of a plurality of connection parts for connecting a plurality of cells in series, and a plurality of terminal pairs provided in connection parts at both ends of each cell among the plurality of terminals. A voltage measuring unit that measures voltages between a plurality of terminal pairs, a terminal voltage control unit that controls the voltage of at least one terminal for each of the plurality of terminal pairs, and a terminal voltage control unit that A disconnection determination unit that determines whether or not there is a disconnection in the wiring between the terminal and the connection unit based on the voltage between the terminal pair measured by the voltage measurement unit when the voltage is changed. And

  According to the present invention, even if a disconnection occurs in the wiring connecting the cell and the voltage measuring unit, even if the voltage measuring unit shows a normal voltage value as the cell voltage, It is possible to detect disconnection in the wiring between the voltage measuring unit.

It is a block diagram of the conventional disconnection detection apparatus. It is a block diagram of the cell voltage measurement circuit which measures the voltage of each cell which comprises a stack type battery. It is a figure which shows the structure of the disconnection detection apparatus which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. In the disconnection detection apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, it is a diagram showing the configuration of the disconnection detection apparatus when a differential amplifier circuit is used in the voltage measurement unit. It is a flowchart which shows the disconnection detection method by the disconnection detection apparatus which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the disconnection detection apparatus which concerns on Example 2 of this invention. In the disconnection detection apparatus according to Example 2 of the present invention, it is a diagram showing a configuration of the disconnection detection apparatus when a differential amplifier circuit is used in the voltage measurement unit. It is a flowchart which shows the disconnection detection method by the disconnection detection apparatus which concerns on Example 2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the disconnection detection apparatus which concerns on Example 3 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the disconnection detection method by the disconnection detection apparatus which concerns on Example 3 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the waveform of the output voltage when the disconnection has not arisen in the disconnection detection apparatus which concerns on Example 3 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the waveform of the output voltage when the disconnection has arisen in the disconnection detection apparatus which concerns on Example 3 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the structure of the disconnection detection apparatus which concerns on Example 4 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the disconnection detection method by the disconnection detection apparatus which concerns on Example 4 of this invention.

  Hereinafter, a disconnection detection apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, it should be noted that the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, but extends to the invention described in the claims and equivalents thereof.

FIG. 3 shows a disconnection detection apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The disconnection detection device 2 includes a terminal voltage input unit 3, a voltage measurement unit 4, a control unit 5, a storage unit 6, a disconnection determination unit 7, a data transmission unit 8, and a terminal voltage control unit 9. . The battery 1 includes a plurality of cells C _{1 to} C _N connected in series and stacked (stacked), and each cell is connected to j of connection portions j _{1 to} j _{N + 1} provided at both ends of the cell. It is connected via a ₂ to j _N. The connecting portion j ₁ ~j N + ₁ of the cell is the cell terminal p ₁ ~p N + ₁ are provided for measuring the voltage of each cell through the wiring W ₁ ~W N + ₁ , cell side terminal p ₁ ~p N + ₁ are provided corresponding to the connecting portion j ₁ ~j N + ₁ of cells, each connected to a terminal q ₁ ~q N + ₁ of the disconnection detection apparatus 2 Yes. As described above, the terminals q _{1 to} q _{N + 1} are respectively provided in the plurality of connection portions j _{1 to} j _{N + 1} that connect the plurality of cells C _{1 to} C _N in series.

The voltage measuring unit 4 is provided with a total of N voltage measuring units 40 ₁ to 40 _N that respectively measure the voltages of N cells. The voltage measuring units 40 ₁ to 40 _N are connected to both ends (j ₁ and j ₂ , j ₂ and j ₃ ,...) Of the individual cells C _{1 to} C _N among the plurality of terminals q _{1 to} q _{N + 1.} .., J _N and j _{N + 1} ) connected to a plurality of terminal pairs (q ₁ and q ₂ , q ₂ and q ₃ ,..., Q _N and q _{N + 1} ), respectively A voltage between a plurality of terminal pairs (between terminals) is measured, and measurement voltages Vout _{1 to} Vout _N are output. Here, paying attention to the i-th cell C _i , connection at both ends of the cell C _i via the cell-side terminals p _i and p _{i + 1} and the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1 of} the voltage measurement unit 4 is performed. The parts j _i and j _{i + 1} are respectively connected to the voltage measuring part 40 _i in the voltage measuring unit 4. As the voltage measuring units 40 ₁ to 40 _N , for example, a differential amplifier circuit A _i as shown in FIG. 4 can be used.

The terminal voltage input unit 3 includes a protection circuit including resistors R _{1 to} R _{N + 1} and diodes D _{1 to} D _{N + 1} between the terminals q _{1 to} q _{N + 1} and the terminal voltage control unit 9. . The terminal voltage control unit 9 includes a plurality of terminal pairs connected to the cells C _{1 to} C _N (when the plurality of voltage measuring units 40 ₁ to 40 _N measure the voltages of the individual cells C _{1 to} C _N , respectively). q ₁ and q ₂ , q ₂ and q ₃ ,..., q _N and q _{N + 1} ), the voltage of at least one terminal is controlled only for the cell whose voltage is to be measured. For example, when measuring the voltage V _i of the i-th cell C _i , the voltages of the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1} connected to the cell C _i are changed. Specifically, in a state in which the terminal voltage control unit 9 supplies the voltage 0 [V] to the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1} , the voltage measurement unit 40 _i outputs the output voltage Vout _i (= Vout _i (0)). Next, in a state where the terminal voltage control unit 9 supplies the voltage 5 [V] to the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1} , the voltage measurement unit 40 _i outputs the output voltage Vout _i (= Vout _i (5 )) Is measured, and the measured voltages Vout _i (0) and Vout _i (5) are output to the storage unit 6.

The control unit 5 controls the terminal voltage control unit 9 to control the voltage of the terminal of the terminal voltage input unit 3, and the voltage between the terminals (for example, between q _{i and} q _{i + 1} ) is applied to the voltage measurement unit 4. Vout _{1 to} Vout _N are measured. As described above, the voltage measurement unit 4 measures the voltages Vout _{1 to} Vout _N between the two terminals provided corresponding to the connection portions at both ends of the individual cells C _{1 to} C _N.

Storage unit 6 stores the value of the measured voltage Vout ₁ to Vout _N for the cell C ₁ -C _N of the voltage measuring unit 4 was measured, and stores a program for controlling the control unit 5.

The disconnection determination unit 7 is connected to the terminal q ₁ based on the measured voltages Vout _{1 to} Vout _N between the terminal pairs measured by the voltage measuring units 40 ₁ to 40 _N in the voltage measuring unit 4 stored in the storage unit 6. to determine the presence or absence of disconnection in the wiring W ₁ ~W N + ₁ between to q N + ₁ and the connecting portion j ₁ ~j N + _1, and transmits the determination result to the data transmitting unit 8.

The data transmission unit 8 transmits information on the presence or absence of disconnection in the wirings W _{1 to} W _{N + 1} by the disconnection determination unit 7 to the battery ECU 10 outside the disconnection detection device 2, and the battery ECU 10 transmits the wirings W _{1 to} W _{N + 1.} based on the information as to whether or not a disconnection in to charge and discharge control of the individual cells C ₁ -C _N of the battery 1 when the disconnection has not occurred.

Next, a disconnection detection method using the disconnection detection apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 5 shows a flowchart for explaining the procedure of the disconnection detection method. Here, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, whether or not there is a disconnection in the wirings W _{1 to} W _{N + 1} between the cells C _{1 to} C _N of the battery 1 having _N cells and the disconnection detection device 2 is determined as the lowest layer. A procedure for detecting the wiring W _{N + 1} connected to the highest Nth cell C _N from the wiring W ₁ connected to the _first cell C ₁ is shown. Further, the case where a differential amplifier circuit A _i as shown in FIG. 4 is used as the voltage measuring units 40 ₁ to 40 _N will be described as an example. In FIG. 4, R _a , R _b , R _c , and R _d are resistors provided in the differential amplifier circuit A _i , and V _ref is a reference voltage.

First, in step S101, the initial value of the number i for specifying the interconnection W _i and W _{i + 1} is connected to the i-th cell C _i is set to 0. Next, in step S102, i is incremented by one (incremented). Next, in step S103, the terminal voltage control unit 9 applies 0 [V] to the terminal q _i and the terminal q _{i + 1} . Here, the terminal voltage is input from the terminal voltage control unit 9 only to the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1} at both ends of the target cell for voltage measurement. In this state, the voltage measuring unit 40 _i in the voltage measuring unit 4 measures the voltage Vout _i (= Vout _i (0)) between the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1} , and the measured Vout _i (0) The value is stored in the storage unit 6.

Here, the wiring W _i, W _{i + 1} to Vout when the disconnection has not occurred _i (0) can be calculated from the following equation (2).

ここで、Ｖ_iはｉ番目のセルの電圧である。一方、配線Ｗ_iに断線が生じている場合のＶout_i(0)は、下記の式（３）から算出することができる。

Here, V _i is the voltage of the i-th cell. On the other hand, Vout _i when the disconnection occurs in the wiring W _i (0) can be calculated from the following equation (3).

さらに、配線Ｗ_i+1に断線が生じている場合のＶout_i(0)は、下記の式（４）から算出することができる。

Further, Vout _i (0) when the wire W _{i + 1} is disconnected can be calculated from the following equation (4).

Next, in step S104, the terminal voltage control unit 9 applies 5 [V] to the terminal q _i and the terminal q _{i + 1} . Here, the terminal voltage is input from the terminal voltage control unit 9 only to the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1} at both ends of the target cell for voltage measurement. In this state, the voltage measuring unit 40 _i in the voltage measuring unit 4 measures the voltage Vout _i (5) between the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1} , and the measured value of Vout _i (5) is stored in the storage unit 6. To store. Here, the wiring W _i, W _{i + 1} to Vout when the disconnection has not occurred _i (5) can be calculated from the following equation (5).

Equation (2) and (5) As can be seen from a comparison, wires W _i, W if i _{+ 1} to the disconnection has not occurred to the terminal q _i and the terminal q _{i + 1} 5 [V] in the case of applying the Vout _i (5), the wire _{W i, W i + 1 Vout} i (0) in the case of applying the 0 [V] to the terminal q _i and the terminal q _{i + 1} if the disconnection does not occur to the same as the is there. That is, when the wirings W _i and W _{i + 1} are not disconnected, the output voltage Vout _i (0) = Vout _i (5).
On the other hand, Vout _i when the disconnection occurs in the wiring W _i (5) can be calculated from the following equation (6).

さらに、配線Ｗ_i+1に断線が生じている場合のＶout_i(5)は、下記の式（７）から算出することができる。

Further, Vout _i (5) when the wire W _{i + 1} is disconnected can be calculated from the following equation (7).

Next, in step S <b> 105, the disconnection determination unit 7 satisfies Vout _i (0) = Vout _i (5) based on the values of Vout _i (0) and Vout _i (5) stored in the storage unit 6. It is determined whether or not there is a disconnection in the wiring by determining whether or not it is. That is, as described above, equation (2), from (5), W _i and _{W i + 1 Vout i (0} ) if the disconnection does not occur to = the since Vout _i (5), Vout _i ( If 0) = Vout _i (5), it is determined in step S106 that no breakage has occurred in the wirings _Wi and _{Wi + 1} . If Vout _i (0) ≠ Vout _i (5), it is determined that at least _one of the wiring W _i and the wiring W _{i + 1} is disconnected. I do. The disconnection location is determined based on changes in the upper and lower output voltages, that is, the presence or absence of changes in Vout _{i + 1} and Vout _i .

In step S107, the value of Vout _i is calculated in advance based on equation (6) when 5 [V] is applied to the terminal q _i and the terminal q _{i + 1} and the wire W _i is disconnected. The value is stored in the storage unit 6 as Vout _i (W _i ). Further, the value of Vout _i when the wire W _{i + 1} is disconnected in a state where 5 [V] is applied to the terminal q _i and the terminal q _{i + 1} is calculated in advance based on the equation (7). The value is stored in the storage unit 6 as Vout _i (W _{i + 1} ).

Next, in step S108, Vout _i (5) measured by the voltage measuring unit 40 _i and Vout _i (W _i ) calculated in advance in step S107 and stored in the storage unit 6 are compared, and Vout _i (5 ) ≠ Vout _i (W _{i + 1} ), it is determined whether or not the wiring W _i is disconnected. If Vout _i (5) ≠ Vout _i (W _{i + 1} ), it can be determined that the wiring W _{i + 1} has not been disconnected, so that the determination result in step S105 is combined with step S109. in disconnection determination unit 7 may determine that W _i is disconnected.

In step S108, if Vout _i (5) = Vout _i (W _{i + 1} ), it can be determined that at least the wiring W _{i + 1} is disconnected. In this case, only the wiring W _{i + 1} is disconnected. In this case, it is conceivable that both the wiring _Wi and the wiring _{Wi + 1} are disconnected. In step S110, Vout _i (5) measured by the voltage measuring unit 40 _i and Vout _i (W _i ) calculated in advance in step S107 and stored in the storage unit 6 are compared, and Vout _i (5) ≠ Vout. By determining whether _i (W _i ) or not, it is determined whether or not the wiring _Wi is disconnected. When Vout _i (5) ≠ Vout _i (W _i ), in step S111, the disconnection determination unit 7 determines that only the wiring W _{i + 1} is disconnected. On the other hand, when Vout _i (5) = Vout _i (W _i ), the disconnection determination unit 7 determines that both the wiring W _i and the wiring W _{i + 1} are disconnected.

  Next, in step S113, by determining whether i is equal to N, it is determined whether measurement of wiring connected to all N cells has been completed. When i = N, it is determined that the detection of the disconnection of the wiring connected to all N cells is completed, and the measurement is terminated. On the other hand, if i ≠ N, since i <N, it is determined that the disconnection detection of the wirings connected to all N cells is not completed, and the process returns to step S102 to return to the next wiring. Disconnection detection is performed, and thereafter, steps S102 to S113 are repeated until disconnection detection of wirings connected to all N cells is completed.

In this way, the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1} provided corresponding to the connection portions j _i and j _{i + 1} at both ends of the individual cells C _i constituting the _N cells C _{1 to} C _N are connected. By applying a voltage and measuring the voltage Vout _i between the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1} , the wirings W _i and W between the connections j _i and j _{i + 1} and q _i and q _{i + 1} are measured. Whether or not _{i + 1} is disconnected can be detected.

In the above description, a procedure for detecting the presence or absence of disconnection of the wirings W _{1 to} W _N between all the connection parts j _{1 to} j _{N + 1 of the N} cells and the terminals q _{1 to} q _{N + 1} is described. As shown, when the output voltage Vout _i between the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1} clearly shows an abnormal value, it is connected to at least _one of the wiring W _i and the wiring W _{i + 1.} It may be determined that a disconnection has occurred. However, when the output voltage simply indicates an abnormal value, it is difficult to detect which of the two wirings connected to the two terminals is disconnected. According to the present invention, it is possible to detect which wiring is disconnected by calculating in advance the output voltage measured when the wiring is disconnected and comparing it with the measured output voltage. .

  FIG. 6 shows a disconnection detection apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The disconnection detection device 21 according to the second embodiment includes a terminal voltage input unit 31, a voltage measurement unit 4, a control unit 5, a storage unit 6, a disconnection determination unit 71, a data transmission unit 8, and a terminal voltage control unit. 91, and the terminal voltage control unit 91 is characterized in that the potential of one terminal of the predetermined terminal pair among the plurality of terminal pairs is set to the ground potential. The configuration of the battery 1 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

The voltage measuring unit 4 is provided with a total of N voltage measuring units 40 ₁ to 40 _{N for} measuring the voltages of N cells, and outputs the measured voltages Vout _{1 to} Vout _N , respectively. Here, when measuring the voltage V _i of the i-th cell C _i , via the cell side terminals p _i and p _{i + 1} and the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1 of} the voltage measurement unit 4, The connection parts j _i and j _{i + 1} at both ends of the cell C _i are connected to the voltage measurement part 40 _i in the voltage measurement unit 4, respectively. Thus, to measure the voltage V ₁ ~V _N of individual cells C ₁ -C _N, among the plurality of terminals q ₁ ~q _{N + 1,} connected at both ends of the individual cells C ₁ -C _N A plurality of terminal pairs (q ₁ and q ₂ , q ₂ and q ₃ , provided corresponding to the sections (j ₁ and j ₂ , j ₂ and j ₃ ,..., J _N and j _{N + 1} ), .., Q _N and q _{N + 1} ) are connected to voltage measuring units 40 ₁ to 40 _N , respectively. As the voltage measuring units 40 ₁ to 40 _N , for example, a differential amplifier circuit A _i as shown in FIG. 7 can be used.

The terminal voltage input unit 31 is provided with switches SW ₁ to SW _{N + 1} between the terminals q _{1 to} q _{N + 1} and the ground in the disconnection detection device 21, and is controlled by a control signal from the terminal voltage control unit 91. By switching the switches SW _{1 to} SW _{N + 1} , the potential of any _one of the terminals q _{1 to} q _{N + 1} is set to the ground potential. In the present embodiment, the terminal voltage input unit 31 measures only the target cell whose voltage is to be measured when measuring the voltage of one specific cell among the plurality of cells C _{1 to} C _N constituting the battery 1. The terminal voltage is changed to the ground potential. That is, the terminal voltage control unit 91 has a terminal q ₁ connected to the cells C _{1 to} C _N when the plurality of voltage measurement units 40 ₁ to 40 _N measure the voltages of the individual cells C _{1 to} C _N , respectively. The voltage of ˜q _{N + 1} is changed to the ground potential. For example, when measuring the voltage V _i of the i-th cell C _i , the switch SW _i or SW _i connected to either _one of the terminals q _i or q _{i + 1} connected to the cell C _i is used. By conducting ₊₁ , the voltage of the terminal q _i or q _{i + 1} is changed to the ground potential.

In this embodiment, the control signal from the terminal voltage control unit 91, the switch SW _i is turned on, in a state where the terminal q _i to the ground potential, the voltage measuring unit 40 _i output voltage Vout _i (= Vout _i ( i)) and then the voltage measurement unit 40 _i is turned on by the control signal from the terminal voltage control unit 91 with the switch SW _{i + 1} turned on and the terminal q _{i + 1 set} to the ground potential. The output voltage Vout _i (= Vout _i (i + 1)) is measured, and the measured voltages Vout _i (i) and Vout _i (i + 1) are output to the storage unit 6.

The control unit 5 controls the terminal voltage control unit 91 to control the voltage at the terminal of the terminal voltage input unit 31 and also to the voltage measurement unit 4 between terminals (for example, q in the case of the voltage Vout _i of the cell Ci _). Measurement of voltages Vout _{1 to} Vout _N between _{i and} q _{i + 1} ) is executed. As described above, the voltage measuring unit 4 measures the voltages Vout _{1 to} Vout _N between the two terminals provided corresponding to the connecting portions at both ends of the individual cells C _{1 to} C _N , and stores the storage unit. 6 stores these data.

Disconnection determination unit 71, based on the measured voltage Vout ₁ to Vout _N for C ₁ -C _N voltage measurement unit 4 stored in the storage unit 6 is determined, the disconnection in the wiring W ₁ ~W N + ₁ The presence / absence is determined, and the determination result is transmitted to the data transmitter 8.

  Since the memory | storage part 6, the data transmission part 8, and battery ECU10 are the same as that of Example 1, detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

Next, a disconnection detection method using the disconnection detection apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 8 shows a flowchart for explaining the procedure of the disconnection detection method. Here, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the presence or absence of disconnection in the wirings W _{1 to} W _{N + 1} between the _N cells C _{1 to} C _N of the battery 1 and the disconnection detection device 21 is determined as ₁ in the lowest layer. A procedure for detecting the wiring W _{N + 1} connected to the highest Nth cell C _N from the wiring W ₁ connected to the _first cell C ₁ is shown. Further, the case where a differential amplifier circuit A _i as shown in FIG. 7 is used as the voltage measuring units 40 ₁ to 40 _N will be described as an example. In FIG. 7, R _a , R _b , R _c , and R _d are resistors provided in the differential amplifier circuit A _i , and V _ref is a reference voltage.

First, in step S201, the initial value of the number i for specifying the interconnection W _i and W _{i + 1} is connected to the i-th cell C _i is set to 0. Next, in step S202, i is incremented by one. Next, in step S203, the terminal voltage control unit 91 turns on the switch SW _i of the terminal voltage input unit 31 and sets the potential of the terminal q _i to the ground potential. In this state, the voltage measuring unit 40 _i in the voltage measuring unit 4 measures the voltage Vout _i (= Vout _i (i)) between the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1} , and the measured Vout _i (i) The value is stored in the storage unit 6.

Here, the wiring W _i, W _{i + 1} to Vout when the disconnection has not occurred _i (i) can be calculated from the following equation (8).

ここで、Ｖ_iはｉ番目のセルの電圧である。一方、配線Ｗ_iに断線が生じている場合のＶout_i(i)は、下記の式（９）から算出することができる。

Here, V _i is the voltage of the i-th cell. On the other hand, Vout _i when the disconnection occurs in the wiring W _i (i) can be calculated from the following equation (9).

さらに、配線Ｗ_i+1に断線が生じている場合のＶout_i(i)は、下記の式（１０）から算出することができる。

Further, Vout _i (i) when the wire W _{i + 1} is disconnected can be calculated from the following equation (10).

Next, in step S204, the terminal voltage control unit 91 turns on the switch SW _{i + 1} of the terminal voltage input unit 31 and sets the potential of the terminal q _{i + 1} to the ground potential. In this state, the voltage measuring unit 40 _i in the voltage measuring unit 4 measures the voltage Vout _i (i + 1) between the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1} and the value of the measured Vout _i (i + 1). Is stored in the storage unit 6. Here, the wiring W _i, W _{i + 1} to Vout when the disconnection has not occurred _i (i + 1) can be calculated from the following equation (11).

As can be seen from the comparison between the equations (8) and (11), Vout _i (i) when the terminal q _{i is set} to the ground potential when no disconnection occurs in the wirings Wi and Wi _{+ 1} , the wiring W _{i This} is the same as Vout _i (i + 1) when the terminal q _{i + 1 is set} to the ground potential when no disconnection occurs in _i and W _{i + 1} . That is, when the wirings W _i and W _{i + 1} are not disconnected, the output voltage Vout _i (i) = Vout _i (i + 1).
On the other hand, Vout _i when the disconnection occurs in the wiring W _i (i + 1) can be calculated from the following equation (12).

さらに、配線Ｗ_i+1に断線が生じている場合のＶout_i(i+1)は、下記の式（１３）から算出することができる。

Furthermore, Vout _i (i + 1) when the wire W _{i + 1} is disconnected can be calculated from the following equation (13).

Next, in step S <b> 205, the disconnection determination unit 71 determines Vout _i (i) = Vout _i (i +) based on the values of Vout _i (i) and Vout _i (i + 1) stored in the storage unit 6. Whether or not the wiring is disconnected is determined by determining whether or not 1). That is, as described above, according to the equations (8) and (11), Vout _i (i) = Vout _i (i + 1) is obtained when there is no disconnection in the wiring W _i and the wiring W _{i + 1} . , if a _{Vout i (i) = Vout i} (i + 1), in step S206, it is determined that the disconnection wiring W _i and the wiring W _{i + 1} has not occurred. If Vout _i (i) ≠ Vout _i (i + 1), it is determined that at least _one of the wiring W _i and the wiring W _{i + 1} is disconnected. To identify.

In step S207, in a state where the terminal q _{i + 1} and the ground potential, previously calculated in advance the value of Vout _i when disconnection wiring W _i is generated based on equation (12), Vout the value _i (W _i ) is stored in the storage unit 6. Further, the value of Vout _i when the wire W _{i + 1} is disconnected in the state where the terminal q _{i + 1} is at the ground potential is calculated in advance based on the equation (13), and the value is calculated as Vout. _i (W _{i + 1} ) is stored in the storage unit 6.

Next, in step S208, Vout _i (i + 1) measured by the voltage measuring unit 40 _i and Vout _i (W _i ) calculated in advance in step S207 and stored in the storage unit 6 are compared, and Vout _i By determining whether (i + 1) ≠ Vout _i (W _{i + 1} ), it is determined whether or not the wiring _Wi is disconnected. If it is _{Vout i (i + 1) ≠} Vout i (W i + 1) , together with the result of the discrimination at step S205, in step S209, the disconnection determination unit 71, wire W _i is disconnected Judge that.

In step S208, if Vout _i (i + 1) = Vout _i (W _{i + 1} ), it can be determined that at least the wiring W _{i + 1} is disconnected. In this case, only the wiring W _{i + 1} is determined. Is disconnected, and the case where both the wiring _Wi and the wiring _{Wi + 1} are disconnected is determined. In step S210, Vout _i (i + 1) measured by the voltage measuring unit 40 _i is compared with Vout _i (W _{i + 1} ) calculated in advance in step S207 and stored in the storage unit 6 to obtain Vout _i ( By determining whether or not i + 1) ≠ Vout _i (W _i ), it is determined whether or not the wiring _Wi is disconnected. When Vout _i (i + 1) ≠ Vout _i (W _i ), in step S211, the disconnection determination unit 71 determines that only the wiring W _{i + 1} is disconnected. On the other hand, when Vout _i (i + 1) = Vout _i (W _i ), the disconnection determination unit 71 determines that both the wiring W _i and the wiring W _{i + 1} are disconnected.

  Next, in step S213, by determining whether i is equal to N, it is determined whether the detection of the disconnection of the wiring connected to all N cells has been completed. When i = N, it is determined that the detection of the disconnection of the wiring connected to all N cells is completed, and the measurement is terminated. On the other hand, if i ≠ N, i <N, so it is determined that the detection of the disconnection of the wiring connected to all N cells has not been completed, and the process returns to step S202 to return to the next wiring. Next, steps S202 to S213 are repeated until the detection of the disconnection of the wiring connected to all the N cells is completed.

In this way, the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1} provided corresponding to the connection portions j _i and j _{i + 1} at both ends of the individual cells C _i constituting the _N cells C _{1 to} C _N. One of the potentials is a ground potential, and the voltage Vout _i between the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1} is measured, whereby the wiring between the connection parts j _i and j _{i + 1} and the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1} is measured. The presence / absence of disconnection of W _i and W _{i + 1} can be detected.

In the above description, the presence / absence of disconnection of the wirings W _{1 to} W _{N + 1} between all the connection parts j _{1 to} j _{N + 1 of the N} cells and the terminals q _{1 to} q _{N + 1} is detected. Although the procedure is shown, when the output voltage Vout _i between the terminals q _{i and} q _{i + 1} clearly shows an abnormal value, at least _one of the wiring W _i and the wiring W _{i + 1} is used. It may be determined that the wiring is disconnected. However, when the output voltage simply indicates an abnormal value, it is difficult to detect which of the two wirings connected to the two terminals is disconnected. According to the present invention, it is possible to detect which wiring is disconnected by previously calculating an output voltage measured when the wiring is disconnected and comparing the output voltage with the measured output voltage. .

In the above description, an example for switching the switch SW ₁ to SW N + _1, be performed twice changeover switch with the lowest switch SW ₁ in the uppermost switch SW N _{+ 1} Good. That is, all measures Vout ₁ to Vout _N the SW ₁ is turned on to all measures the Vout ₁ to Vout _N to SW _{N + 1} as an on-state. In this case, rather than comparing the output voltages, whether or not the wiring is disconnected is determined based on the upper and lower output voltages, for example, Vout _i and Vout _{i + 1} , by checking whether the output voltage is outside the measurement range. can do.

FIG. 9 shows a disconnection detection apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The disconnection detection device 22 according to the third embodiment includes a terminal voltage input unit 32, a voltage measurement unit 4, a control unit 5, a storage unit 6, a disconnection determination unit 72, a data transmission unit 8, and a terminal voltage control unit. 92. Capacitors Cap ₁ to Cap _{N + 1} are provided between the terminals q _{1 to} q _{N + 1} and the terminal voltage control unit 92, and the disconnection determination unit 72 includes a terminal voltage control unit 92. , When applying a pulse voltage to the capacitors Cap _{1 to} Cap _{N + 1} , based on the voltage between the terminal pair measured by the voltage measurement unit, the terminals q _{1 to} q _{N + 1} and the connection units j _{1 to} j _N It is characterized in that it is determined whether or not the wires W _{1 to} W _{N + 1} are disconnected from ₊₁ . The configuration of the battery 1 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

The voltage measurement unit 4 is provided with a total of N voltage measurement units for measuring the voltages of N cells, and outputs measurement voltages Vout _i (i = 1 to N), respectively. Here, when measuring the voltage V _i of the i-th cell C _i , via the cell side terminals p _i and p _{i + 1} and the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1 of} the voltage measurement unit 4, The connecting portions j _i and j _{i + 1} at both ends of the cell C _i are connected to the voltage measuring unit in the voltage measuring unit 4, respectively. Thus, to measure the voltage V ₁ ~V _N of individual cells C ₁ -C _N, among the plurality of terminals q ₁ ~q _{N + 1,} connected at both ends of the individual cells C ₁ -C _N A plurality of terminal pairs (q ₁ and q ₂ , q ₂ and q ₃ , provided corresponding to the sections (j ₁ and j ₂ , j ₂ and j ₃ ,..., J _N and j _{N + 1} ), ..., Q _N and q _{N + 1} ) are connected to voltage measuring units, respectively. As the voltage measurement unit, for example, a differential amplifier circuit A _i as shown in FIG. 9 can be used.

The terminal voltage input unit 32 includes capacitors Cap ₁ to Cap _{N + 1} between the terminals q _{1 to} q _{N + 1} and the terminal voltage control unit 92. When the voltage of a specific cell among the plurality of cells C _{1 to} C _N constituting the battery 1 is measured, the terminal voltage control unit 92 applies a pulse voltage to the terminal only for the cell whose voltage is to be measured. Is applied. That is, the terminal voltage control unit 92, when the plurality of voltage measurement units measure the voltages of the individual cells C _{1 to} C _N , respectively, the terminals q _{1 to} q _{N + 1} connected to the cells C _{1 to} C _N. Pulse voltages Vsig _{1 to} Vsig _{N + 1} are applied to capacitors through capacitors Cap ₁ to Cap _{N + 1} . For example, i-th when measuring the voltage V _i of the cell C _i, the cell C _i terminal connected to the q _i or q _{i + 1} of one is connected to one terminal a capacitor Cap _i or Cap _{i A} pulse voltage Vsig _i or Vsig _{i + 1} is applied via ₊₁ .

In the present embodiment, a pulse voltage Vsig _i is applied from the terminal voltage control unit 92 to the terminal q _i via the capacitor Cap _i , the voltage measurement unit measures the temporal change of the output voltage Vout _i , and then the terminal The voltage control unit 92 applies the pulse voltage Vsig _{i + 1} to the terminal q _{i + 1} via the capacitor Cap _{i + 1} , and the voltage measurement unit measures the temporal change of the output voltage Vout _{i + 1} .

The control unit 5 controls the terminal voltage control unit 92 to control the pulse voltage applied to the terminal of the terminal voltage input unit 32, and to the voltage measurement unit in the voltage measurement unit 4 between terminals (for example, q _i − The voltage Vout _{1 to} Vout _N between q _{i + 1} ) is measured. As described above, the voltage measurement unit 4 measures the voltages Vout _{1 to} Vout _N between the two terminals provided corresponding to the connection portions at both ends of the individual cells C _{1 to} C _N.

Disconnection determination unit 72, based on the measured voltage Vout ₁ to Vout _N for C ₁ -C _N of the voltage measuring unit in the voltage measuring unit 4 was measured, determine the presence or absence of disconnection in the wiring W ₁ ~W N + ₁ Then, the determination result is transmitted to the data transmission unit 8.

  Since the memory | storage part 6, the data transmission part 8, and battery ECU10 are the same as that of Example 1, detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

Next, a disconnection detection method using the disconnection detection apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining the procedure of the disconnection detection method. Here, as shown in FIG. 9, the presence or absence of disconnection in the wirings W _{1 to} W _{N + 1} between the cells C _{1 to} C _N of the battery 1 having _N cells and the disconnection detection device 22 is determined as ₁ in the lowest layer. A procedure for detecting the wiring W _{N + 1} connected to the highest Nth cell C _N from the wiring W ₁ connected to the _first cell C ₁ is shown. Further, the case where a differential amplifier circuit A _i as shown in FIG. 9 is used as the voltage measuring unit will be described as an example. In FIG. 9, R _a , R _b , R _c , and R _d are resistors provided in the differential amplifier circuit A _i , and V _ref is a reference voltage.

First, in step S301, the initial value of the number i for specifying the i th cell being connected to the C _i line W _i and the wiring W _{i + 1} is set to 0. Next, in step S302, i is incremented by one. Next, in step S303, the terminal voltage control unit 92 inputs the pulse voltage Vsig _i to the terminal q _i of the terminal voltage input unit 32 via the capacitor Cap _i and the voltage measurement unit in the voltage measurement unit 4 outputs the output voltage Vout. Monitor _i waveform.

Here, the waveform of the output voltage Vout _i, a different waveform depending on the presence or absence of disconnection in the wiring W _i between the connecting portion j _i of terminal q _i and the cell. The waveform of the output voltage Vout _i when disconnection wiring W _i does not occur is shown in Figure 11. First, the case of applying a pulse voltage Vsig _i through a capacitor Cap _i to the terminal q _i in the period of time t ₁ ~t _2, the output voltage Vout _i if disconnection wiring W _i is not generated constant value And does not change depending on the input of the pulse voltage Vsig _i .

On the other hand, it shows the waveform of the output voltage Vout _i when disconnection wiring W _i is generated in FIG. If the period of time t ₁ ~t ₂ to the terminal q _i through a capacitor Cap _i by applying a pulse voltage Vsig _i, when the disconnection wiring W _i is generated in response to the output voltage Vout _i is pulse waveform It changes a lot. As described above, the voltage measurement unit in the voltage measurement unit 4 monitors the waveform of the voltage Vout _i between the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1} , and information on whether or not Vout _i changes due to the application of the pulse voltage. Is stored in the storage unit 6.

Next, in step S304, the disconnection determination unit 72, based on the information of the presence or absence of a change in Vout _i stored in the storage unit 6, determines whether a disconnection of the wiring W _i. If there is no change in Vout _i, it is determined that the disconnection in wiring W _i has not occurred, then determines whether the other one of the wires W _{i + 1} of the disconnection.

In step S 305, the terminal voltage control unit 92 inputs the pulse voltage Vsig _{i + 1} to the terminal q _{i + 1} of the terminal voltage input unit 32 via the capacitor Cap _{i + 1,} and the voltage measurement unit 40 in the voltage measurement unit 4. _i monitors the waveform of the output voltage Vout _i .

Here, the waveform of the output voltage Vout _i differs depending on whether or not there is a disconnection in the wiring W _{i + 1} between the terminal q _{i + 1} and the cell connection j _{i + 1} . FIG. 11 shows a waveform of the output voltage Vout _i when no disconnection occurs in the wiring W _{i + 1} . First, when the pulse voltage Vsig _{i + 1} is applied to the terminal q _{i + 1} via the capacitor Cap _{i + 1} during the period from the time t _{3 to} the time t ₄ , when no disconnection occurs in the wiring W _{i + 1.} The output voltage Vout _i shows a constant value and does not change depending on the input of the pulse voltage Vsig _{i + 1} .

On the other hand, FIG. 12 shows a waveform of the output voltage Vout _i when the wiring W _{i + 1} is disconnected. When the pulse voltage Vsig _{i + 1} is applied to the terminal q _{i + 1} via the capacitor Cap _{i + 1} during the period from the time t _{3 to the} time t ₄ , the output voltage is output when the wiring W _{i + 1} is disconnected. Vout _i varies greatly according to the pulse waveform. As described above, the voltage measuring unit 40 _i in the voltage measuring unit 4 monitors the waveform of the voltage Vout _i between the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1} , and whether there is a change in Vout _i due to the application of the pulse voltage. Is stored in the storage unit 6.

Next, in step S _< b _> 306, the disconnection determination unit 72 determines the presence / absence of disconnection of the wiring _{Wi + 1} based on the information on the presence / absence of the change in Vout _i stored in the storage unit 6. If there is no change in Vout _i , it is determined that no disconnection has occurred in the wiring W _{i + 1} . In this case, in step S304, since the wiring W _i are determined that disconnection has not occurred, in step S307, it is determined that the wiring W _i and the wiring W _{i + 1} together without disconnection.

On the other hand, if Vout _i has changed in step S306, it is determined that the wire W _{i + 1} is disconnected. Here, in step S304, since the wiring W _i are determined that disconnection has not occurred, in step S308, it is determined that only the wiring W _{i + 1} is disconnected.

If there is a change in Vout _i in step S304, it is determined that the wiring _Wi is disconnected, and then it is determined whether the other wiring _{Wi + 1} is disconnected.

In step S 309, the terminal voltage control unit 92 inputs the pulse voltage Vsig _{i + 1} to the terminal q _{i + 1} of the terminal voltage input unit 32 via the capacitor Cap _{i + 1,} and the voltage measurement unit 40 in the voltage measurement unit 4. _i monitors the waveform of the output voltage Vout _i , and stores in the storage unit 6 information regarding the presence or absence of a change in Vout _i due to the application of the pulse voltage.

Next, in step S _< b _> 310, the disconnection determination unit 72 determines the presence / absence of disconnection of the wiring W _{i + 1} based on the information on the presence / absence of the change in Vout _i stored in the storage unit 6. If there is no change in Vout _i , it is determined that no disconnection has occurred in the wiring W _{i + 1} . In this case, in step S304, the wiring W _i is determined to be disconnected, at step S311, it is determined that only the wiring W _i is disconnected.

On the other hand, when Vout _i is changed in step S310, it is determined that the wiring W _{i + 1} is disconnected. Here, in step S304, the wiring W _i is because it is judged to be disconnected, at step S312, the wiring W _i, it is determined that W i _{+ 1} are both disconnected.

  Next, in step S313, by determining whether i is equal to N, it is determined whether measurement of wiring connected to all N cells is completed. When i = N, it is determined that the detection of the disconnection of the wiring connected to all N cells is completed, and the measurement is terminated. On the other hand, if i ≠ N, since i <N, it is determined that the disconnection detection of the wiring connected to all the N cells is not completed, and the process returns to step S302 to return to the next wiring. Disconnection detection is performed, and thereafter, steps S302 to S313 are repeated until detection of disconnection of wirings connected to all N cells is completed.

In this way, the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1} provided corresponding to the connection portions j _i and j _{i + 1} at both ends of the individual cells C _i constituting the _N cells C _{1 to} C _N. on the other hand a pulse voltage is applied to the terminal q _i, by measuring the voltage Vout _i between q i _{+ 1,} the connecting portion j _i, j _{i + 1} and the terminal q _i, wiring between the q i _{+ 1} The presence / absence of disconnection of W _i and W _{i + 1} can be detected.

In the above description, a procedure for detecting the presence or absence of disconnection of the wirings W _{1 to} W _N between all the connection parts j _{1 to} j _{N + 1 of the N} cells and the terminals q _{1 to} q _{N + 1} is described. As shown, when the output voltage Vout _i between the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1} clearly shows an abnormal value, it is connected to at least _one of the wiring W _i and the wiring W _{i + 1.} It may be determined that a disconnection has occurred. However, when the output voltage simply indicates an abnormal value, it is difficult to detect which of the two wirings connected to the two terminals is disconnected. According to the present invention, it is possible to detect which wiring is disconnected by applying a pulse voltage to the terminal and monitoring the waveform of the output voltage measured when the wiring is disconnected.

FIG. 13 shows a disconnection detection apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. The disconnection detecting device 23 according to the fourth embodiment includes a control unit 5, a storage unit 6, a data transmission unit 8, and a plurality of connection units j _{1 to} j _{N + 1} that connect a plurality of cells C _{1 to} C _N in series. Among the terminals q _{1 to} q _{N + 1} and the plurality of terminals q _{1 to} q _{N + 1} , respectively, connected portions (j ₁ and j ₂ , j ₂ and j ₃ ,. · ·, j _N, and j _{N + 1)} a plurality of terminal pairs provided in the (q ₁ and q _2, q ₂ and q _3, ···, are respectively connected to q _N and q _{N + 1),} double A voltage measuring unit 41 having a voltage measuring unit having an operational amplifier A _i (i = 1 to N) for measuring a voltage between a plurality of terminal pairs, and applying a reference voltage Vref _i to a non- inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A _i a reference voltage (Vref) control unit 11 which, in the case where the reference voltage control unit 11 has changed the reference voltage Vref _i, terminal to which a voltage measuring unit to measure Based on the voltage between a wiring W ₁ to W-N + disconnection determination unit 73 for determining the presence or absence of breakage of _one between the terminal and the connecting portion, and having a. The configuration of the battery 1 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

The voltage measuring unit 41 is provided with a total of N voltage measuring units that respectively measure the voltages of N cells, and each outputs a measured voltage Vout _i (i = 1 to N). Here, when measuring the voltage V _i of the i-th cell C _i , the cell side terminals p _i and p _{i + 1} and the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1 of} the voltage measurement unit 41 are used. The connection portions j _i and j _{i + 1} at both ends of the cell C _i are connected to the voltage measurement unit in the voltage measurement unit 41, respectively. Thus, to measure the voltage V ₁ ~V _N of individual cells C ₁ -C _N, among the plurality of terminals q ₁ ~q _{N + 1,} connected at both ends of the individual cells C ₁ -C _N A plurality of terminal pairs (q ₁ and q ₂ , q ₂ and q ₃ , provided corresponding to the sections (j ₁ and j ₂ , j ₂ and j ₃ ,..., J _N and j _{N + 1} ), ..., Q _N and q _{N + 1} ) are connected to voltage measuring units, respectively. As the voltage measurement unit, for example, a differential amplifier circuit A _i as shown in FIG. 13 can be used.

The voltage measurement unit 41 includes a plurality of operational amplifiers A _i (i = 1 to N), and each operational amplifier A _i includes a reference voltage (Vref) input terminal Vref _i . The Vref input terminal Vref _i (i = 1 to N) is connected to the Vref control unit 11, and the voltage of the Vref input terminal Vref _i is controlled by a control signal from the Vref control unit 11. In the present embodiment, the Vref control unit 11 measures the voltage of only one cell among the plurality of cells C _{1 to} C _N constituting the battery 1 only for the cell whose voltage is to be measured. The voltage at the Vref input terminal Vref _i is changed. That is, the Vref control unit 11 is configured such that when the plurality of voltage measurement units constituting the voltage measurement unit 41 measure the voltages of the individual cells C _{1 to} C _N , the Vref input terminal Vref of the operational amplifier A _i of the voltage measurement unit. Change only the input voltage of _i . For example, in a state where the Vref control unit 11 supplies the voltage 2 [V] to the Vref input terminal Vref _i , the voltage measurement unit measures the output voltage Vout _i (= Vout _i (2)), and then performs the Vref control. While the unit 11 supplies the voltage 4 [V] to the Vref input terminal Vref _i , the voltage measuring unit measures the output voltage Vout _i (= Vout _i (4)), and the measured voltages Vout _i (2) and Vout _i (4) is output to the storage unit 6.

The control unit 5 controls the Vref control unit 11 to control the voltage of the Vref input terminal Vref _i , and to the voltage measurement unit 41, the voltage Vout _i (between q _i -q _{i + 1} ) The measurement of i = 1 to N) is executed. As described above, the voltage measurement unit 41 measures the voltage Vout _i (i = 1 to N) between two terminals provided corresponding to the connection portions at both ends of each cell of the cells C _{1 to} C _N. To do.

The disconnection determination unit 73 is based on the measured voltages Vout _i (i = 1 to N) for C _{1 to} C _N measured by the voltage measurement unit 41 stored in the storage unit 6, and the wirings W _{1 to} W _{N +} The presence / absence of disconnection in ₁ is determined, and the determination result is transmitted to the data transmission unit 8.

  Since the memory | storage part 6, the data transmission part 8, and battery ECU10 are the same as that of Example 1, detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

Next, a disconnection detection method using the disconnection detection apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 14 is a flowchart for explaining the procedure of the disconnection detection method. Here, as shown in FIG. 13, the presence or absence of disconnection in the wirings W _{1 to} W _{N + 1} between the cells C _{1 to} C _N of the battery 1 having _N cells and the disconnection detection device 2 is determined as ₁ in the lowest layer. A procedure for detecting the wiring W _{N + 1} connected to the highest Nth cell C _N from the wiring W ₁ connected to the _first cell C ₁ is shown. Further, a case where a differential amplifier circuit A _i as shown in FIG. 13 is used as a voltage measurement unit will be described as an example. In FIG. 13, R _a , R _b , R _c , and R _d are resistors provided in the differential amplifier circuit A _i , and V _ref is a reference voltage.

First, in step S401, the initial value of the number i for specifying the interconnection W _i and W _{i + 1} is connected to the i-th cell C _i is set to 0. Next, in step S402, i is incremented by one. Next, in step S403, the Vref controller 11 applies 2 [V] to the Vref input terminal Vref _i . Here, from the Vref controller 11 of the terminal voltage is input, only Vref input terminal Vref _i of the voltage measurement unit for measuring the voltage. In this state, the voltage measurement unit in the voltage measurement unit 41 measures the voltage Vout _i (= Vout _i (2)) between the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1} , and uses the measured value of Vout _i (2). Store in the storage unit 6.

Here, the wiring W _i, W _{i + 1} to Vout when the disconnection has not occurred _i (2) can be calculated from the following equation (14).

ここで、Ｖ_iはｉ番目のセルの電圧である。一方、配線Ｗ_iに断線が生じている場合のＶout_i(2)は、下記の式（１５）から算出することができる。

Here, V _i is the voltage of the i-th cell. On the other hand, Vout _i (2) in the case of disconnection in the wiring W _i has occurred can be calculated from the following equation (15).

ここで、ΣＶ_i-1は１番目から（ｉ−１）番目までのセルの積層電圧である。さらに、配線Ｗ_i+1に断線が生じている場合のＶout_i(2)は、下記の式（１６）から算出することができる。

Here, ΣV _i-1 is the stack voltage of the first to (i-1) th cells. Further, Vout _i (2) when the wire W _{i + 1} is disconnected can be calculated from the following equation (16).

Next, in step S404, Vref control unit 11 applies the 4 [V] to Vref input terminal Vref _i. In this state, the voltage measurement unit in the voltage measurement unit 41 measures the voltage Vout _i (4) between the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1} , and stores the measured value of Vout _i (4) in the storage unit 6. To do. Here, the wiring W _i, W _{i + 1} to Vout when the disconnection has not occurred _i (4) can be calculated from the following equation (17).

As can be seen from a comparison equations (14) and (17), the wiring W _i, W _{i + 1} to Vout when disconnection is applied to 4 [V] when non to Vref input terminal Vref _i caused _i ( 4), the wiring W _i, W i ₊ than ₁ to Vout when disconnection is applied to 2 [V] when non to Vref input terminal Vref _i caused _i (2), by the difference of the input Vref input voltage Is different. That is, when the wiring W _i, W _{i + 1} in the disconnection is not generated, the output voltage Vout _i (4) is a -Vout _i (2) = 2.
On the other hand, Vout _i when disconnection wiring W _i is generated (4) can be calculated from the following equation (18).

さらに、配線Ｗ_i+1に断線が生じている場合のＶout_i(4)は、下記の式（１９）から算出することができる。

Further, Vout _i (4) when the wire W _{i + 1} is disconnected can be calculated from the following equation (19).

Next, in step S <b> 405, the disconnection determination unit 73 determines that Vout _i (4) −Vout _i (2) = 2 based on the values of Vout _i (2) and Vout _i (4) stored in the storage unit 6. Whether or not there is a disconnection is determined by determining whether or not. That is, as described above, Vout _i (4) −Vout _i (2) = 2 when the wiring W _i and the wiring W _{i + 1} are not disconnected from the equations (14) and (17). , if a _{Vout i (4) -Vout i (} 2) = 2, in step S406, it is determined that the disconnection wiring W _i and the wiring W _{i + 1} has not occurred. When Vout _i (4) −Vout _i (2) ≠ 2, it is determined that at least _one of the wiring W _i and the wiring W _{i + 1} is disconnected. To identify. The disconnection location is determined based on changes in the upper and lower output voltages, that is, the presence or absence of changes in Vout _{i + 1} and Vout _i .

In step S407, while applying a 4 [V] to Vref input terminal Vref _i, previously calculated in advance the value of Vout _i when disconnection wiring W _i is generated based on equation (18), the The value is stored in the storage unit 6 as Vout _i (W _i ). Further, the value of Vout _i when the wire W _{i + 1} is disconnected in a state where 4 V is applied to the Vref input terminal Vref _i is calculated in advance based on the equation (19), The value is stored in the storage unit 6 as Vout _i (W _{i + 1} ).

Next, in step S408, Vout _i (4) measured by the voltage measuring unit and Vout _i (W _{i + 1} ) calculated in advance in step S407 and stored in the storage unit 6 are compared, and Vout _i (4 ) ≠ Vout _i (W _{i + 1} ), it is determined whether or not the wiring W _i is disconnected. If Vout _i (4) ≠ Vout _i (W _{i + 1} ), in step S409, the disconnection determination unit 73 determines that the wiring _Wi is disconnected.

If Vout _i (4) = Vout _i (W _{i + 1} ) in step S408, it can be determined that at least the wiring W _{i + 1} is disconnected. In this case, only the wiring W _{i + 1} is disconnected. In this case, it is conceivable that both the wiring _Wi and the wiring _{Wi + 1} are disconnected. In step S410, Vout _i (4) measured by the voltage measuring unit and Vout _i (W _i ) calculated in advance in step S407 and stored in the storage unit 6 are compared, and Vout _i (4) ≠ Vout _i ( By determining whether or not W _i ), it is determined whether or not the wiring W _{i + 1} is disconnected. If Vout _i (4) ≠ Vout _i (W _i ), in step S411, the disconnection determination unit 7 determines that only the wiring W _{i + 1} is disconnected. On the other hand, if Vout _i (4) = Vout _i (W _i ), in step S412, the disconnection determination unit 7 determines that both the wiring W _i and the wiring W _{i + 1} are disconnected. .

  Next, in step S413, by determining whether i is equal to N, it is determined whether measurement of wiring connected to all N cells is completed. When i = N, it is determined that the detection of the disconnection of the wiring connected to all N cells is completed, and the measurement is terminated. On the other hand, if i ≠ N, i <N, so it is determined that the disconnection detection of the wiring connected to all N cells is not completed, and the process returns to step S402 to return to the next wiring. Disconnection is detected, and thereafter, steps S402 to S413 are repeated until disconnection detection of wirings connected to all N cells is completed.

In this way, the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1} provided corresponding to the connection portions j _i and j _{i + 1} at both ends of the individual cells C _i constituting the _N cells C _{1 to} C _N are connected. a voltage is applied, by measuring the voltage Vout _i between terminal q _i -q _i + _1, the connecting portion j _i, j _{i + 1} and the terminal q _i, wire W _i between the q i _{+ 1,} The presence or absence of a disconnection of Wi _{+ 1} can be detected.

In the above description, a procedure for detecting the presence or absence of disconnection of the wirings W _{1 to} W _N between all the connection parts j _{1 to} j _{N + 1 of the N} cells and the terminals q _{1 to} q _{N + 1} is described. As shown, when the output voltage Vout _i between the terminals q _i and q _{i + 1} clearly shows an abnormal value, it is connected to at least _one of the wiring W _i and the wiring W _{i + 1.} It may be determined that a disconnection has occurred. However, when the output voltage simply indicates an abnormal value, it is difficult to detect which of the two wirings connected to the two terminals is disconnected. According to the present invention, it is possible to detect which wiring is disconnected by previously calculating an output voltage measured when the wiring is disconnected and comparing the output voltage with the measured output voltage. .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Battery 2, 21, 22, 23 Disconnection detection apparatus 3, 31, 32 Terminal voltage input part 4, 41 Voltage measurement unit 5 Control part 6 Storage part 7, 71, 72, 73 Disconnection determination part 8 Data transmission part 9, 91 , 92 Terminal voltage control unit 10 Battery ECU
11 Vref control unit 40 ₁ to 40 _N voltage measurement unit C _{1 to} C _N cell j _{1 to} j _{N + 1} connection unit p _{1 to} p _{N + 1} cell side terminal q _{1 to} q _{N + 1} terminal

Claims (4)

A terminal provided in each of a plurality of connection portions for connecting a plurality of cells in series;
Among the plurality of terminals, a voltage measurement unit that is connected to each of a plurality of terminal pairs provided at a connection part at both ends of each cell, and measures a voltage between the plurality of terminal pairs,
For each of the plurality of terminal pairs, a terminal voltage control unit that controls the voltage of at least one terminal;
When the terminal voltage control unit changes the voltage of the terminal when the cell should be connected to the terminal, the voltage between the terminal pair measured by the voltage measurement unit is obtained. based on, have a, a disconnection determination unit that determines the presence or absence of disconnection in the wiring between the terminal and the connecting portion,
The disconnection determination unit compares the voltage before and after the change when the terminal voltage control unit changes the voltage of the terminal, and if the voltage is different, the disconnection occurs. A disconnection detecting device characterized by judging . A terminal provided in each of a plurality of connection portions for connecting a plurality of cells in series;
Among the plurality of terminals, a voltage measurement unit that is connected to each of a plurality of terminal pairs provided at a connection part at both ends of each cell, and measures a voltage between the plurality of terminal pairs,
For each of the plurality of terminal pairs, a terminal voltage control unit that controls the voltage of at least one terminal;
When the terminal voltage control unit changes the voltage of the terminal when the cell should be connected to the terminal, the voltage between the terminal pair measured by the voltage measurement unit is obtained. A disconnection determination unit that determines the presence or absence of disconnection in the wiring between the terminal and the connection unit,
The disconnection judging unit, one of the voltage when the pin is connected to ground potential, the voltage at the time of connecting the other terminal of the cell of the measurement target on the ground potential of the terminal voltage control unit cell to be measured And determining that a disconnection has occurred when the voltages are different from each other . A terminal provided in each of a plurality of connection portions for connecting a plurality of cells in series;
Among the plurality of terminals, a voltage measurement unit that is connected to each of a plurality of terminal pairs provided at a connection part at both ends of each cell, and measures a voltage between the plurality of terminal pairs,
For each of the plurality of terminal pairs, a terminal voltage control unit that controls the voltage of at least one terminal;
When the terminal voltage control unit changes the voltage of the terminal when the cell should be connected to the terminal, the voltage between the terminal pair measured by the voltage measurement unit is obtained. A disconnection determination unit that determines the presence or absence of disconnection in the wiring between the terminal and the connection unit,
Before SL disconnection determination unit, it is determined that the terminal voltage controller measures the voltage produced by applying a pulse voltage through a capacitor to the terminal, disconnection when a change in voltage occurs has occurred A disconnection detecting device characterized by the above . A terminal provided in each of a plurality of connection portions for connecting a plurality of cells in series;
Among the plurality of terminals, a voltage measuring unit having an operational amplifier that is connected to each of a plurality of terminal pairs provided at both ends of each cell and measures a voltage between the plurality of terminal pairs;
A reference voltage control unit for applying a reference voltage to the non- inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier;
Based on the voltage between the terminal pair measured by the voltage measurement unit when the reference voltage is changed when the reference voltage control unit changes the reference voltage when the cell is supposed to be connected to the terminal. A disconnection determination unit for determining the presence or absence of disconnection in the wiring between the terminal and the connection unit;
A disconnection detecting device characterized by comprising:

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