JP5840474B2 - Compressor dismantling apparatus and disassembling method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a compressor disassembly technique, and more particularly, to a disassembly apparatus that allows a rotor to be disassembled and separated safely and quickly from a compressor that is disassembled with disposal of home appliances such as an air conditioner.

  When the home appliances are disposed of, if the parts built into the products have no reuse value, scrap processing is performed. In particular, when scrapping compressors attached to air conditioners and other waste disposal, it is necessary to separate the internal components while disposing the casing in an appropriate manner to dispose of residual oil. .

  When disassembling a compressor used in home appliances or the like, the casing is cut and internal components are taken out. In disassembling the compressor, the casing disassembling method has already been disclosed in Patent Documents 1-3. With these disclosed technologies, the casing of the compressor can be cut and the internal components can be taken out. If there are structural parts that can be reused, the parts that have been taken out need to be disassembled and separated by material. A part of the compressor casing is cut out and divided into a casing front part attached with an operating part including the compressor motor and the other casing rear part, and the motor stator built in the casing is further separated and disassembled. The technique is disclosed in Patent Document 4.

  Among them, the rotor of the motor part that constitutes the drive part of the compressor is made of a magnetic material such as KS steel, and since this material has high reuse value, the rotor is detached from the rotating shaft and disassembled. It is desirable.

  However, conventionally, no attention has been paid to the difficulty of separating and disassembling the rotor from the rotating shaft of the motor. The rotor is press-fitted onto the rotating shaft and cannot be easily separated and disassembled with a hammer or the like. In addition, a balancer is attached to the rotor by a pin shaft or the like, and separation from the balancer is difficult.

JP 2001-259590 A JP 2002-172475 A JP 2008-173721 A JP 2000-176430 A

  An object of the present invention is to provide a compressor disassembling apparatus that can automatically disassemble and separate a rotor of a motor component that is a driving part of a compressor from a rotating shaft, paying attention to the above-mentioned conventional problems. It is another object of the present invention to provide a disassembling apparatus and a disassembling method that can automatically separate a balancer attached to a magnet of a rotor by pin coupling from the rotor.

In order to achieve the above object, a compressor disassembly apparatus according to the present invention includes a pedestal for holding a rotor, a tip-side rotation balancer , and a compressor part having a base-side rotation balancer attached to a rotating shaft, and the cradle. A chuck that rotates while chucking the rotor that is disposed opposite to and protrudes from the compressor part, and is movable in a direction that intersects the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and an outer peripheral groove is machined in the base-side rotation balancer A cutter that is disposed opposite to the cutter and that can be fitted into the outer circumferential groove, and a jack that has an extrusion pin that presses the rotary shaft in the axial direction from the tip surface of the rotor in a state where the rotor is anchored by the stopper. It is characterized by having.

In the above-described configuration, a reamer capable of moving in a planar uniaxial direction along the end face of the rotor held by the chuck and cutting the stop pin head remaining on the base-side rotary balancer separation surface of the rotor. You should prepare.

  Further, a guide light irradiating means is provided along the cutting edge by the cutter, and a position adjusting means for cutting and positioning the held compressor part while allowing the chuck to move in the receiving direction is provided. It is desirable to do.

A compressor disassembling method according to the present invention is a method of separating and disassembling the rotor from a compressor part having a rotor, a tip-side rotation balancer and a base-side rotation balancer attached to a rotating shaft, and positioning the compressor part None, while rotating the rotor while chucking the rotor, processing an outer peripheral groove in the base side rotation balancer, using a stopper fitted to the outer peripheral groove to prevent axial movement of the rotor, The compressor part including the rotary shaft is separated from the rotor by extruding the rotary shaft from the tip surface.
Further, after the rotor separated from the rotating shaft, the locking pin head portion remaining on the base side rotating balancer separation surface of the rotor may be to cut removed by reaming.

  According to the above configuration, a groove is dug in the outer circumference of the rotary balancer adjacent to the rotor and the stopper is fitted in the outer circumferential groove in a state where the compressor part attached to the rotor and the rotary balancer is positioned on the rotary shaft. To prevent axial movement. In this state, by pressing the front end surface of the rotating shaft in the axial direction with the pushing pin, the rotating shaft comes out from the press-fitted rotor, and both can be separated. A stop pin may remain on the balancer separation surface of the rotor, and in this case, the pin head can be cut and removed by a reamer that moves along the balancer separation surface. As a result, the rotor of the motor part can be safely and automatically separated from the compressor part.

1 is a perspective view schematically showing a schematic configuration of a compressor disassembly device according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a front view of the compressor dismantling apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the compressor disassembly apparatus. It is process drawing of the disassembly method by the compressor disassembly apparatus. It is a side view before the rotor disassembly of a compressor component. It is a side view after the rotor disassembly of a compressor component.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of a compressor disassembling apparatus and a disassembling method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1: has shown the perspective view which shows typically schematic structure of the compressor disassembly apparatus 10 which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and FIGS. 2-4 has shown the specific block diagram.

A compressor disassembling apparatus 10 according to this embodiment is configured to separate and disassemble the rotor 12 from a compressor part 14 attached with an operating part including a rotor 12 of a motor from which a part of a casing is removed. ing. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the compressor part 14 to be disassembled has a compressor operation part (not shown) built in the casing 16 in a state before disassembly, and the operation part is driven. As a means, a rotating shaft 18 which is a part of the motor projects from the cut end face side of the casing. The rotary shaft 18 is press-fitted with a rotor 12 of the motor, and a rotary balancer 20 (a base- side rotary balancer 20A and a tip- side rotary balancer 20B) is attached integrally with the rotor 12. The rotary balancer 20 is attached to the rotary shaft 18 by being integrated with the rotor 12 by a stop pin 22. Such a compressor part 14 is to be disassembled, separated at the boundary surface between the rotor 12 and the base- side rotation balancer 20A (arrow position 1 in FIG. 5), and the rotor 12 is pulled out of the rotating shaft 18 to thereby remove the rotor 12 And other parts are dismantled. In addition, there is a type in which the retaining pin 22 remains on the separation end surface of the rotor 12 even if the base side rotation balancer 20 </ b> A is removed from the rotor 12. In such a case, the head of the residual retaining pin 22 is cut and removed (arrow 2 in FIG. 6).

Therefore, the compressor disassembly apparatus 10 according to the embodiment is constituted by main apparatus means as shown in FIG.
First, a casing pedestal 24 that holds the compressor component 14 is provided. A chuck 26 is disposed that faces the casing pedestal 24 and rotates the rotor 12 protruding from the compressor part 14 while chucking. As a result, the casing 16 side is held by the casing pedestal 24, and the chuck 26 is arranged so as to face the rotating shaft 18 provided with the rotor 12 so as to protrude from the opening groove formed in the casing pedestal 24. However, the outer surface of the rotor 12 is pressure-bonded so that the disassembly posture of the compressor part 14 is adjusted. On the other hand, a cutter (as an example, a tip saw) 28 that can move in the direction intersecting the axial direction of the rotary shaft 18 and that processes an outer peripheral groove on the rotary balancer 20 is provided. This is to prevent axial movement using the outer peripheral groove formed in the rotary balancer 20 as an anchor portion. In order to prevent this movement, there is provided a stopper 30 that is disposed opposite to the cutter 28 and can be fitted into the outer peripheral groove. A jack 34 having an extruding pin 32 for pressing the rotary shaft 18 in the axial direction from the front end surface of the rotating shaft 18 in a state where the rotor 12 is anchored by the stopper 30 is provided. The extruding pin 32 is opened at the center of the chuck 26. The rotating shaft 18 is pushed out from the rotor 12 through the through hole. Thereby, the rotor 12 is separated from the rotary shaft 18. At this time, the stopper 30 can maintain the anchoring action by using the casing pedestal 24 as a pressure receiving surface.

By the way, by the above process, the base- side rotary balancer 20A is also detached from the rotary shaft 18 and separated from the rotor 12, but the retaining pin 22 may remain on the separation surface of the rotor 12 (see FIG. 6). If there is this residual stop pin 22, the tip end side rotation balancer 20 </ b> B cannot be separated from the rotor 12. Therefore, a reamer processing machine 36 is disposed adjacent to the stopper 30 described above. The chuck 26 holding the rotor 12 from which the rotary shaft 18 has been removed is moved backward, the reamer processing machine 36 is advanced, and the reamer processing surface is opposed to the separation end surface of the rotor 12. Then, the head of the stop pin 22 can be cut by moving the chuck 26 forward while driving the reamer machine 36. As a result, the stop pin 22 can be removed, so that the distal end side rotation balancer 20 </ b> B can be separated from the rotor 12.

The specific structure of such a compressor dismantling apparatus 10 is apparent from the detailed views shown in FIGS. As can be understood from the drawing, the compressor disassembling apparatus 10 has each device mounted on a table base 38, and the table base 38 has an inverted T shape in plan view. As can be seen from the front view of FIG. 2, a casing pedestal 24 having a U-shaped opening 40 at the center is provided. The casing pedestal 24 functions as an anchor stopper when pushing out the rotary shaft 18. The compressor part 14 is mounted on the casing pedestal 24, and the rotary shaft 18 is inserted through the U-shaped opening 40 in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG.

  A cutter 28 is disposed on one side of the casing base 24 in the left-right direction, and a stopper 30 is disposed on the other side. Both are opposed to each other, and the stopper 30 can be inserted into a groove formed by cutting the outer peripheral surface of the rotary balancer 20 with the cutter 28.

The cutter 28 is mounted on a pedestal 44 that is movable along a guide rail 42 (FIG. 3) laid on the table base 38, and a rotary tooth 48 is driven to rotate by a drive motor 46. The cutting direction by the rotating teeth 48 is a direction perpendicular to the rotor 12 of the compressor component 14, and the pedestal 44 can be moved toward and away from the rotor 12 by the feed motor 50. By moving the cutter 28 toward the base side rotation balancer 20A located on the rotor base side and gradually pressing the rotation teeth 48, an outer peripheral groove having a width corresponding to the thickness of the rotation teeth 48 is formed.

On the other hand, the stopper 30 is composed of a plate member 54 having a U-shaped opening 52 that fits into the outer circumferential groove (see FIG. 1), and the outer circumferential groove is arranged so that the plate surface is flush with the rotating teeth 48. It is possible to move towards. The drive mechanism is composed of, for example, a pinion rack mechanism 56. A rack is formed on the side edge of the plate member 54, and a pinion that meshes with the rack is driven by a motor 58, whereby the U-shaped opening 52 is moved to the base-side rotation balancer 20A. It can be fitted into the formed outer peripheral groove. The moving speed of the cutter 28 and the moving speed of the stopper 30 are equal, and the cutter 28 can be configured to move in synchronization with the opposing direction.

A chuck 26 is disposed so as to face the casing pedestal 24 described above, and the chuck 26 is centered at four locations around the front end surface of the chuck rotating body 60 as shown in FIGS. A chuck claw 62 that tightens in the direction is provided. A center hole 64 is opened in the chuck rotor 60 (FIG. 1), and the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 12 is gripped by the chuck claws 62 with the tip of the rotary shaft 18 of the compressor part 14 inserted therein. And fix it. The chuck rotating body 60 is mounted on a chuck base 66 that can move along the center axis of the compressor disassembling apparatus 10. A chuck rotation motor 67 for rotating the chuck rotating body 60 is mounted on the chuck pedestal 66, and the chucked rotor 12 (rotating shaft 18) can be rotated. Thereby, the cutter 28 mentioned above can process an outer periphery groove | channel in 20 A of base side rotation balancers. Also. The chuck pedestal 66 can be moved back and forth by driving a feed screw (not shown) disposed in the lower part by a feed motor 70. As a result, by controlling the operation of the motor 70, the gripping rotor 12 can be moved.

  Further, a position adjusting means 72 is provided at the lower portion of the casing pedestal 24 described above, and this adjusts the cutting position by the cutter 28 by adjusting the position of the rotor 12 gripped by the chuck 26 forward and backward. . For this purpose, the position of the chuck base 66 may be adjusted back and forth by rotating a feed screw (not shown). Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in the figure, a handle 74 is provided at the lower portion of the casing cradle 24 so that a feed screw (not shown) can be manually rotated via a gear mechanism 76 rotated thereby. Yes.

Further, on the rear side of the chuck pedestal 66, the push pin 32 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) that presses the rotary shaft 18 in the axial direction from the distal end surface in a state where the rotor 12 is anchored by the stopper 30 and the casing pedestal 24. A jack 34 having a configuration shown in FIG. The jack 34 is configured as a hydraulic jack, and the push pin 32 can be moved back and forth in the axial direction by a hydraulic unit 82 disposed under the table base 38. Further, the push pin 32 can project toward the casing cradle 24 through the center hole 64 described above. In a state where the rotor 12 is chucked on the chuck 26, the push pin 32 and the rotary shaft 18 are arranged concentrically. Therefore, the tip of the push pin 32 is moved by moving the push pin 32 toward the rotary shaft 18 side. Abuts against the end face of the rotating shaft 18. When the rotating shaft 18 is pushed in the axial direction, the chucking portion cannot slide and be supported only by chucking the rotor 12 press-fitted into the rotating shaft 18 from the outer peripheral surface. In this embodiment, a stopper 30 is fitted in a groove formed on the outer periphery of the base-side rotary balancer 20A adjacent to the rotor 12 by the cutter 28 described above, and the casing pedestal 24 is anchored while preventing axial movement. The rotor 12 is held so that it can be used, and the press-fitted state can be released by an axial pushing action of the rotary shaft 18 by hydraulic pressure.

Further, in the compressor disassembly apparatus 10 according to the embodiment, after the press-fitted state of the rotor 12 and the rotary shaft 18 is released, the rotor 12 and the base-side rotary balancer 20A are separated. There may be a case where the retaining pin 22 connected to the balancer 20B remains (see FIG. 4). The tip side rotation balancer 20B will not be separated unless the remaining retaining pin 22 is removed. Therefore, a reamer processing machine 36 is disposed adjacent to the stopper 30. This is movable in one axial direction on a plane along the end face of the rotor 12 held by the chuck 26, and reams the head of the retaining pin 22 remaining on the balancer separation surface of the rotor 12. 84. By using the side surface of the reamer 84 as a processing surface and matching the processing surface with the balancer separation surface of the rotor 12, the pin head can be removed. The reamer processing machine 36 has a pedestal 88 that is disposed opposite to the cutter 28 and moves the guide rail 86 similarly to the drive mechanism of the pedestal 44 of the cutter 28, and is reciprocated between the machining position and the standby position by the feed motor 90. It is possible.

  In addition, it is good to equip the cutting guide light irradiation means 94 (FIG. 1) along the cutting edge by the said cutter 28. FIG. In the example shown in FIG. 1, a laser emitter is provided on the cover of the rotating tooth 48 of the cutter 28, and the position is set so that the surface along the boundary line between the chucked rotor 12 and the rotating balancer 20 becomes the cutting edge. Thus, the laser beam is emitted toward the rotor 12. Position adjusting means 72 is used so that the cut surface is aligned with the laser irradiation position. The chuck 26 may be moved by rotating the position adjusting handle 74 in the direction of the casing pedestal 24 so as to cut and position the held compressor component 14.

The operation of the compressor disassembly apparatus 10 configured as described above is as follows. As shown in FIG. 4 (1), first, the casing receiving base 24 and the chuck 26, without the positioning of the compressor parts 14, the rotor 12 chucked to the rotary drive while the base side of the rotor base side An outer peripheral groove 92 is machined in the rotary balancer 20A.

  During the processing of the outer peripheral groove 92, the plate member 54 of the stopper 30 is moved forward, and the small-diameter portion of the groove is inserted into the U-shaped opening 52 provided at the tip as shown in FIG. Then, after the excavation of the outer peripheral groove 92 by the cutter 28 is completed, the stopper 30 is completely fitted into the outer peripheral groove 92 simultaneously with the retreat of the cutter 28 as shown in FIG. At this time, the plate member 54 of the stopper 30 may be joined to the casing pedestal 24. This prevents the rotor 12 from moving in the axial direction.

  Next, the jack 34 disposed on the back surface side of the chuck 26 is operated to move the push pin 32 so that the rotary shaft 18 is pushed out of the rotor 12 as shown in FIG. In this way, the compressor part 14 including the rotary shaft 18 is separated from the rotor 12 by pushing the rotary shaft 18 from the tip surface.

After the separation of the rotor 12 from the rotary shaft 18, as shown in FIG. 4 (5), when the retaining pin 22 remains on the balancer separation surface of the rotor 12, the head of the retaining pin 22 is reamed by the reaming machine 36. By cutting and removing by the above, the front end side rotation balancer 20B can be separated from the rotor 12.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the rotor 12 of the motor component that is the driving portion of the compressor can be automatically disassembled and separated from the rotary shaft 18. Further, the rotary balancer 20 attached to the magnet of the rotor 12 by pin connection can be automatically separated from the rotor 12.

  The present invention can be used in the dismantling processing industry of compressors for home appliances.

10 ......... Compressor dismantling device, 12 ......... Rotor, 14 ......... Compressor part, 16 ......... Case, 18 ......... Rotating shaft, 20 (20A, 20B) ......... Rotating balancer, 22 ... ························································································································· 38 ......... Table base, 40 ......... U-shaped opening, 42 ......... Guide rail, 44 ......... Pedestal (for cutter), 46 ......... Drive motor, 48 ......... Rotating teeth, 50 ... ... Feed motor, 52 ... U opening, 54 ... Plate member, 56 ... Pinion rack mechanism, 58 ...... Motor, 60 ... Rotating chuck, 62 ... Chuck claw, 64 ... …… Center Ho , 66 ......... Chuck base, 67 ......... Chuck rotation motor, 68 ......... Feed screw, 70 ......... Feed motor, 72 ......... Position adjustment means, 74 ......... Handle, 76 ......... Gear mechanism 82 ......... Hydraulic unit, 84 ......... Reamer, 86 ... …… Guide rail, 88 ......... Pedestal (for reamer processing machine), 90 ......... Feed motor, 92 ......... Outer peripheral groove, 94 ... ... cutting guide light irradiation means.

Claims (5)

A cradle for holding a compressor part, to which a rotor, a tip side rotation balancer , and a base side rotation balancer are attached to a rotation shaft;
A chuck that rotates while chucking the rotor that is disposed opposite the cradle and protrudes from the compressor part;
A cutter that is movable in a direction intersecting the axial direction of the rotating shaft and that processes an outer peripheral groove in the base-side rotating balancer;
A stopper that is disposed opposite to the cutter and can be fitted into the outer circumferential groove;
A jack having an extrusion pin that presses the rotating shaft in the axial direction from the tip surface of the rotor in a state where the rotor is anchored by the stopper;
A compressor dismantling apparatus comprising: A reamer is provided that is movable in a single axial direction along the end face of the rotor held by the chuck and that cuts the head of the stop pin remaining on the base-side rotary balancer separation surface of the rotor. The compressor dismantling apparatus according to claim 1.   Guide light irradiation means along the cutting edge by the cutter is provided, and position adjusting means for cutting and positioning the held compressor part while making the chuck movable in the receiving direction is provided. The compressor dismantling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein A method of separating and disassembling the rotor from a compressor part having a rotor and a tip side rotation balancer and a base side rotation balancer attached to the rotation shaft,
Positioning the compressor parts,
While rotating the rotor while chucking the rotor, processing the outer peripheral groove in the base side rotation balancer,
The stopper is fitted into the outer circumferential groove to prevent the rotor from moving in the axial direction, and the compressor shaft including the rotary shaft is separated from the rotor by pushing out the rotary shaft from the tip surface. Compressor disassembly method. The compressor disassembly method according to claim 4, wherein after the rotor is separated from the rotary shaft, the head portion of the retaining pin remaining on the base-side rotary balancer separation surface of the rotor is removed by reaming.