JP5840254B2 - Rotating electrical machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotating electric machine suitably used as an electric motor for a driving source in, for example, an electric motorcycle, other electric vehicles, and various electric machines.

  Conventionally, radial gap type and axial gap type rotary electric machines are widely known as electric motors used as drive sources for electric motorcycles and other electric vehicles, or as electric motors used for various drive sources in electric products. . A radial gap type rotary electric machine includes a rotor having a permanent magnet and rotating around a rotating shaft, and a cylindrical stator having stator windings arranged with a gap in the radial direction of the rotor. It is equipped with. On the other hand, an axial gap type rotating electrical machine includes a stator having a stator winding, and a disk-shaped rotor having a permanent magnet disposed at one end in the axial direction of the stator with a gap. It is provided.

  By the way, in recent years, a small and high-performance electric motor used as a drive source for electric motorcycles and other vehicles has been demanded. In this type of electric motor, if the operable range from the high torque low speed rotation range to the low torque high speed rotation range is wide, the driving force required for running without using the transmission normally required for a vehicle of an internal combustion engine. It is possible to obtain In consideration of mounting in a vehicle, the size of the electric motor is desirably as small as possible. Therefore, in order to obtain a small and high-performance electric motor, it is desirable to arrange as many windings as possible in a limited winding arrangement region of the stator, and various proposals have been made. According to this type of proposal, the space factor of the winding is improved, and an electric motor that generates a high torque while being small in size can be provided.

  However, due to the characteristics of the motor, although a high torque can be generated in the low speed region, there is a difficulty that the upper limit of the rotational speed is limited in the high speed region. That is, in an electric motor, a high torque can be generated in a region where the rotation speed is low, but when the rotation speed increases, a stator winding disposed on the stator by a magnetic flux of a permanent magnet provided on the rotor. The induced voltage (back electromotive force) generated at the time increases. When the rotational speed increases and reaches a certain speed, the induced voltage induced in the stator winding becomes equal to the applied voltage of the motor, so that no current can flow through the stator winding. Cannot be raised. In order to solve this problem, for example, field weakening control is performed to reduce the back electromotive force.

  However, this field weakening control method requires new power to cancel the induced voltage. Therefore, in the case of an electric motor for a product used in a situation where power can be supplied from the outside, an increase in power consumption does not cause a reduction in drivable time. However, a battery equipped with an electric motor that is driven by a battery, such as an electric motorcycle, has a finite battery capacity. Therefore, a current for canceling the induced voltage induced in the stator winding is not used. When supplied, the power consumption increases correspondingly, and the driveable time is shortened accordingly. Therefore, there is a request to reduce power consumption as much as possible.

  Therefore, the inventor of the present application has proposed a method of devising the structure of the stator as a method to replace the field weakening control that causes new power consumption. That is, the tooth portion where the winding in the stator is arranged is divided into at least two tooth portions, and the two divided tooth portions can be moved relative to each other. It was proposed to reduce the magnetic flux of the rotor interlinked with the stator winding. According to this proposal, the number of flux linkages in the stator winding can be adjusted by physical means during high-speed rotation, so that the power required for field-weakening control can be reduced or eliminated, and in turn It was possible to provide a rotating electrical machine capable of reducing loss.

  By the way, also in the rotating electric machine having the above-described configuration, it has been desired to further expand the operable range from the high torque low speed rotation region to the low torque high speed rotation region.

JP 2006-191782 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and provides a rotating electrical machine capable of further expanding the operable range from a high torque low rotation speed to a low torque high rotation speed. It is intended.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, even when a strong permanent magnet is used as the permanent magnet of the rotor, the operable range from a high torque low rotational speed to a low torque high rotational speed can be expanded. An object of the present invention is to provide a rotating electrical machine that can be controlled efficiently.

  Furthermore, other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following preferred embodiments.

Below, the structure of the rotary electric machine which concerns on this invention is demonstrated.
A rotary electric machine according to the present invention includes a rotor that includes a permanent magnet and rotates around a rotation shaft, and a stator that is disposed so as to face the rotor with a gap therebetween.

  The stator includes a tooth portion disposed with respect to the rotor via the gap, a stator yoke portion that forms a stator magnetic path together with the tooth portion, the stator yoke portion, and the tooth portion. The stator magnetic path composed of one or more windings arranged so as to occupy at least a part of the winding arrangement possible region surrounded by the stator yoke portion and the tooth portion. A magnetic resistance changing mechanism that mechanically changes the magnetic resistance value of the stator magnetic path.

  The magnetoresistive change mechanism includes a first state in which the magnetic resistance of the stator magnetic path is small and a second state in which the magnetic resistance of the stator magnetic path is relatively larger than the first state. The stator magnetic path is configured to be mechanically changed.

  The stator has a plurality of tooth portions arranged at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction of the stator. Ends on the rotor side of the plurality of tooth portions are separated from each other in the circumferential direction of the stator. The one or more windings include energization windings that are energized at least when the stator magnetic path is changed to the second state by the magnetoresistance changing mechanism.

  The region from the stator yoke portion side end of the energized winding to the rotor side end of the winding arrangement possible region in the winding arrangement possible region is the direction in which the rotor and the stator face each other. The first region is divided into a first region located on the rotor side and a second region located on the stator yoke portion side with an intermediate position of the tooth portion as a boundary, and with respect to the cross-sectional area of the first region The energized winding space factor defined by the ratio of the actual total winding cross-sectional area of the energized winding existing in the current winding is present in the second region with respect to the cross-sectional area of the second region. It is set to be relatively smaller than the current winding space factor defined by the ratio of the actual total cross sectional area of the wire.

  Preferably, the magnetoresistive changing mechanism has a plurality of divided tooth portions in which the tooth portion is divided in a direction in which the rotor and the stator face each other, and at least of the plurality of divided tooth portions. Any one of the divided tooth portions constitutes a movable divided tooth portion that is relatively movable in the circumferential direction of the rotation shaft with respect to the other divided tooth portions, and the movable divided tooth portion has the first state and the second state. It is configured to be movable between states.

  Also, the rotor side end of the energized winding is arranged at a position spaced a predetermined distance from the rotor side end of the winding arrangement area to the stator side, and the rotor side in the winding arrangement area The energization winding may not be formed in the predetermined region. In this case, in the second state, the magnetic flux across the winding is reduced, the induced voltage (back electromotive force) induced in the winding is greatly suppressed, and the upper limit value of the rotational speed of the rotor is increased. Can be made.

  In the rotating electrical machine, a winding fixing member for fixing the winding is provided between the rotor side end of the energized winding and the rotor side end of the winding arrangement possible region. Also good.

  In the rotary electric machine, the one or more windings may be formed in a state of being unevenly distributed on the stator yoke portion side as a whole.

  Alternatively, the one or more windings may be formed so that the number of turns increases from the rotor side end toward the stator yoke part side end in the winding arrangement possible region.

  Any of the rotary electric machines described above can also be configured as a so-called radial gap type.

  Alternatively, the rotor includes a disk-shaped rotor main body that is rotatable about a rotation axis, and the permanent magnet disposed on one surface of the rotor main body, and the stator includes the rotation It can also be configured as a so-called axial gap type disposed opposite to the child body in the direction of the rotation axis.

  In the radial gap type rotating electrical machine, the rotor adopts a structure in which a plurality of the permanent magnets are arranged in an embedded state at a predetermined interval along a circumferential direction on an outer peripheral edge portion of the rotor body. can do.

  In the axial gap type rotating electrical machine, the rotor adopts a structure in which a plurality of the permanent magnets are arranged on the one surface of the rotor body in an externally exposed state at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction. be able to.

  In both the radial gap type and the axial gap type rotary electric machines, a neodymium magnet may be used as the permanent magnet.

  According to still another aspect of the present invention, a vehicle including the rotating electric machine is provided.

  According to still another aspect of the present invention, an electric product including the rotating electric machine is provided.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the rotary electric machine which made it possible to expand the upper limit of the rotational speed in a high speed rotation area | region, and to expand a driving | operation possible area | region further can be provided. In addition, it is possible to provide a rotating electric machine that can reduce or eliminate electric power for field control in conventional field-weakening control. Furthermore, even when a strong permanent magnet is employed, high torque can be obtained in the low-speed rotation region, and the operable range can be expanded by expanding the upper limit of the rotation speed in the high-speed rotation region. Moreover, the generation of Joule loss that occurs in the permanent magnet is reduced to suppress the decrease in efficiency, and the decrease in the coercive force of the permanent magnet itself due to the heat generation due to the Joule loss is suppressed, thereby suppressing the decrease in efficiency of the electric motor. It is possible to provide a rotating electric machine that can perform the above-described operation.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a rotating electric machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which main constituent members of the rotating electric machine are sequentially pulled out in the axial direction. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a stator and a rotor of the rotating electric machine. 4A is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 3 and shows a state where the second tooth portion is in a first position facing the first tooth portion. FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 4A and shows a state where the second tooth portion is moved relative to the first tooth portion and is in the second position. FIG. 5A is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing, in an enlarged manner, the vicinity of the tooth portion where the winding is disposed in the first position state shown in FIG. 4A. FIG. 5B is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing, in an enlarged manner, the vicinity of the tooth portion where the winding is disposed in the second position state shown in FIG. 4B. FIG. 6A shows a rotary electric machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and is a partially enlarged sectional view corresponding to FIG. 5A. FIG. 6B shows the rotary electric machine according to the second embodiment, and is a partially enlarged sectional view corresponding to FIG. 5B. FIG. 7A shows a rotary electric machine according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and is a partially enlarged sectional view corresponding to FIG. 5A. FIG. 7B shows the rotary electric machine according to the third embodiment, and is a partially enlarged sectional view corresponding to FIG. 5B. FIG. 8A is a schematic cross-sectional view of main components of a rotating electric machine according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8B is a partially enlarged sectional view of the vicinity of the winding in the fourth embodiment. FIG. 9 is an overall perspective view of main constituent members of an axial gap type rotary electric machine according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a schematic side view showing a vehicle equipped with the rotating electrical machine according to the present invention. FIG. 11 is a schematic side view of an electrical product equipped with the rotating electrical machine according to the present invention.

  The present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. An electric motor as a rotating electric machine according to an embodiment of the present invention is a main drive source in various vehicles V including, for example, an electric motorcycle and other vehicles that require high torque / low speed rotation and low torque / high speed rotation. It is preferably used as an auxiliary drive source (see FIG. 10). However, the rotating electrical machine according to the present invention is not limited to such a use for a vehicle, and for example, a motor in an electrical product E such as a home appliance such as a washing machine or an OA device such as a DVD player. Etc. (see FIG. 11).

(First embodiment)
FIGS. 1 to 5 are schematic cross-sectional views showing a radial gap type motor suitably used as an electric motor for an electric motorcycle according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in these drawings, the radial gap type motor has a plurality of permanent magnets M as main constituent members arranged in an embedded state at a certain interval in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral edge, and the rotation shaft 1 is the center. A cylindrical rotor 2 that rotates in a straight line, a cylindrical stator 3 that is arranged to face the outer peripheral edge of the rotor 2 in the radial direction with a gap therebetween, and the stator 3. And a rotating mechanism 4 for relatively moving a movable divided tooth portion to be described later.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the rotor 2 has a cylindrical rotor body 10 in which the rotation shaft 1 is provided at the shaft center. A total of six plate-like permanent magnet pieces M having a rectangular cross section are embedded in the outer peripheral edge of the rotor body 10 at regular intervals along the circumferential direction.

  As each permanent magnet piece M, for example, a neodymium (neodymium) magnet or the like that can generate a strong magnetic field can be suitably used. When such a strong permanent magnet is used, a conventional electric motor can generate a high torque, but a larger induced voltage (counterelectromotive force) is generated in the stator winding during high-speed rotation. Induced, and as a result, the maximum rotational speed is reduced. However, in the rotating electrical machine according to the present invention, the problem is solved by the winding arrangement structure described later.

  However, the present invention is not limited to the case where such a strong permanent magnet is used, and it is also possible to use a permanent magnet having a normal magnetic force that has been conventionally used. Further, the material, characteristics, dimensions, number, etc. of the permanent magnet are not particularly limited.

  The permanent magnet piece M is formed in a plate shape having a rectangular cross section extending along the axial direction X. The permanent magnet piece M is formed on the outer peripheral edge of the rotor body 10 by a predetermined distance radially inward from the outer peripheral surface thereof. It is embedded and fixed in a state of being fitted along the axial direction in a slit S having a corresponding cross-sectional shape formed in such a manner as to be positioned. Accordingly, the permanent magnet piece M is fixed in the slit S even if the rotor body 10 rotates at a high speed around the rotation shaft 1 so that it does not jump out radially even by centrifugal force. Has been made. A cut portion 11 having a substantially V-shaped cross section is formed along the axial direction X between the adjacent permanent magnet pieces M on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor body 10.

  The rotor body 10 is formed, for example, by laminating a large number of thin silicon steel plates formed in a predetermined shape by punching along the axial direction X, whereby the magnetic flux in the rotor body 10 is increased. Reduction of eddy current loss due to the change of the above is achieved.

  In this embodiment, as described above, each of the permanent magnet pieces M is embedded in the outer peripheral edge of the rotor body 10 and a plurality of permanent magnet pieces M are arranged along the circumferential direction. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a plurality of permanent magnet pieces M are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor body 10 and, for example, a cylindrical holding member or the like is used so that the permanent magnet pieces M do not jump out radially outward due to centrifugal force accompanying the rotation of the rotor body 10 It may be fixed. Further, instead of a plurality of separated and independent permanent magnet pieces, an integral structure permanent magnet integrally molded in a cylindrical shape and appropriately magnetized may be used.

  The stator 3 is arranged coaxially so as to be opposed to the outer side of the rotor 2 in the radial direction with a predetermined gap. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the stator 3 includes a cylindrical first stator portion 3 </ b> A disposed coaxially with the rotor 2 on the outer periphery of the rotor body 2 with the gap therebetween. A cylindrical second coil disposed coaxially with the rotor 2 in a state of being movable relative to the first stator portion 3A in the circumferential direction with a predetermined gap on the outer side in the radial direction of the first stator portion 3A. And a stator portion 3B.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, the stator 3 has a plurality of tooth portions arranged at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotor 2 with the gap being spaced radially outward of the rotor 2. 30. Each tooth portion 30 is divided in the radial direction at a portion near the end opposite to the end on the rotor side, and is divided into two divided tooth portions, that is, a first tooth portion 31 close to the rotor side. And a second tooth portion 32 arranged on the outside thereof.

  The first tooth portion 31 and the second tooth portion 32 are arranged with a predetermined gap so that relative movement is possible. The gap between the first tooth portion 31 and the second tooth portion 32 is set to be smaller than the interval between the rotor side edge of the first tooth portion 31 and the outer peripheral edge of the rotor 2. That is, the magnetic resistance Rk (Rk1) between the two tooth portions in a state where the first tooth portion 31 and the second tooth portion 32 coincide with each other in the radial direction is the edge on the rotor side of the first tooth portion 31. And the magnetic resistance Rh between the outer peripheral edge of the rotor 2 is set (see FIG. 5A).

  Each of the first tooth portions 31 has an end edge on the rotor side formed in an arc shape corresponding to the outer peripheral shape of the rotor 2, and both side portions in the circumferential direction of the end portion on the rotor side. The side protrusion edges 31a and 31a extending along the circumferential direction are integrally formed.

  The interval between the side protruding edge portions 31 a and 31 a of the adjacent first tooth portions 31 and 31 is set larger than the interval between the first tooth portion 31 and the second tooth portion 32. Specifically, the magnetic resistance Rj between the side protruding edges 31a and 31a of the adjacent first tooth portions 31 and 31 is positive so that the first tooth portion 31 and the second tooth portion 32 coincide with each other in the radial direction. The interval between the side protrusion edges 31a and 31a is set so as to be larger than the magnetic resistance 2Rk (2Rk1) which is twice the magnetic resistance Rk (Rk1) between both teeth in the state of the opposite ( (See FIG. 5A).

  Each first tooth portion 31 is provided with a winding 40. As shown in FIG. 2, the plurality of first tooth portions 31 to which the windings 40 are applied constitute a cylindrical first stator portion 3A by a resin mold. The winding 40 may be a single winding or a plurality of separate and independent windings. In this embodiment, a single winding is employed. The arrangement structure of the winding 40 will be described later.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, each of the second tooth portions 32 is provided so as to protrude inward from the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical stator yoke portion 50, and the first tooth portion 31 and It is arranged to correspond. In this embodiment, the second tooth portion 32 is integrated with the stator yoke portion 50, but is formed as a separate member from the stator yoke portion 50, and the second tooth portion 32 is formed as the stator yoke portion 50. And may be connected and fixed by appropriate means. As shown in FIG. 2, the second tooth portion 32 and the stator yoke portion 50 constitute a cylindrical second stator portion 3B.

  On the outer peripheral surface of the stator yoke portion 50 constituting the second stator portion 3B, as shown in FIG. 2, a gear portion 51 made up of a plurality of teeth is provided in a partial region in the circumferential direction. The yoke portion 50 is formed over the entire length in the length direction. As shown in FIG. 1, the gear portion 51 is engaged with a gear 4 c that is rotationally driven by a drive motor 4 a of the rotation mechanism 4 via a speed reduction mechanism 4 b.

  The drive motor 4a is configured to be rotationally driven in both forward and reverse directions by a controller (not shown), and the rotational force of the motor is transmitted to the gear 4c via the speed reduction mechanism 4b. The rotation of the gear 4c is transmitted to the gear portion 51 of the stator yoke portion 50 (second stator portion 3B), and the second stator portion 3B moves relative to the first stator portion 3A in the circumferential direction. As a result, the second tooth portion 32 is movable relative to the first tooth portion 31 within a certain range in the circumferential direction. By controlling the drive motor 4a in this way, the relative position between the first tooth portion 31 and the second tooth portion 32 can be arbitrarily and continuously or discontinuously changed.

  Thus, by controlling the drive motor 4a, as shown in FIG. 4A, the first tooth portion 31 and the second tooth portion 32 coincide with each other in the radial direction and are constituted by these both tooth portions. The minimum magnetic resistance position where the magnetic resistance Rk (Rk1) of the magnetic path is minimum, and as shown in FIG. 4B, the second tooth portion 32 is positioned between the adjacent first tooth portions 31 and 31 and both. The second tooth portion 32 as the movable divided tooth portion is relative to the first tooth portion 31 with respect to the maximum magnetic resistance position where the magnetic resistance Rk (Rk2) of the magnetic path constituted by the tooth portions 31 and 32 is maximum. The position can be freely changed continuously or discontinuously.

  When the minimum magnetoresistive position shown in FIG. 4A is defined as the first position and the maximum magnetoresistive position shown in FIG. 4B is defined as the second position, the movable split tooth portion (between the first position and the second position ( The second tooth portion 32) is controlled to move.

  However, in the present invention, the first position and the second position are not necessarily required to completely coincide with the minimum magnetic resistance position and the maximum magnetic resistance position, respectively. For example, in the present invention, any two points between the magnetoresistive minimum position and the magnetoresistive maximum position are defined as a first position and a second position, and a movable split tooth ( It is also permissible to configure the movement of the second tooth portion 32. In the present invention, as defined in claim 1, a state in which the magnetic resistance of the stator magnetic path formed by the stator yoke portion 50 and the tooth portion 30 is small is defined as the first state, When the state in which the magnetic resistance of the stator magnetic path is relatively larger than the first state is defined as the second state, the stator magnetic path is mechanically changed so that the first state and the second state are This includes cases where conversion is possible. Hereinafter, the description will be made using the concept of the first position and the second position, but it should be understood that the same effect can be obtained even when these are replaced with the concept of the first state and the second state. It is.

  In this embodiment, the tooth portion 30 is divided into two in the radial direction. However, the present invention is not limited to this. In the present invention, the tooth portion 30 may be divided into, for example, three or more in the radial direction. When the tooth part 30 is divided into three or more parts, the divided tooth part arranged closest to the rotor 2 is the first tooth part 31, and the divided tooth part arranged on the outermost side on the opposite side is the first tooth part 31. Defined as second tooth portion 32. When the tooth is divided into three or more parts in this way, at least any one of the plurality of divided teeth is movable relative to other divided teeth. It is sufficient that the magnetic resistance of the magnetic path formed by the divided tooth portion can be adjusted by the relative movement.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, although each tooth part is demonstrated as what divided | segmented the 1st tooth part 31 and the 2nd tooth part 32, it can grasp | ascertain also as the following structures. That is, the first tooth portion 31 constitutes the tooth portion 30, the second tooth portion 32 and the stator yoke portion 50 constitute the stator yoke portion, and the concave portion 50a (FIG. 5A) is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the stator yoke portion. Reference) is formed, and the stator yoke portion 50 can be grasped as a configuration in which the stator yoke portion 50 is movable in the circumferential direction with respect to the tooth portion (first tooth portion 31). Thus, when grasping | ascertaining as the structure which the tooth | gear part 30 is not divided | segmented into the radial direction, the stator 3 has the stator magnetic path comprised by the stator yoke part 50 and the tooth | gear part 30 changed mechanically. Thus, it can be understood that the magnetic resistance changing mechanism for changing the magnetic resistance value of the stator magnetic path is provided. Regardless of how this is grasped, the same effects can be achieved. The magnetoresistive changing mechanism is not limited to the type in which the tooth portion is divided as shown in this embodiment, and the stator magnetic path composed of the stator yoke portion 50 and the tooth portion 30 is mechanically formed. Any other configuration may be used as long as it can change the magnetic resistance value of the stator magnetic path. For example, as another specific example of the magnetic resistance changing mechanism, the stator yoke portion 50 is divided in the circumferential direction without dividing each tooth portion, and a magnetic gap is provided in a part of the stator yoke portion 50. The magnetic gap can be adjusted.

  By the way, in the field of this type of rotating electrical machine, various proposals have been made to arrange as many windings as possible in the stator of an electric motor in order to improve performance while achieving downsizing. It had been. For example, the invention has been devised to improve the space factor of the winding per unit area by devising the winding method of the winding with respect to the stator or the shape of the winding itself. In other words, conventionally, the idea of how many windings are arranged within a limited winding arrangement possible region has been dedicated.

  That is, by arranging as many windings as possible in the limited winding arrangement possible region, an attempt was made to improve the torque while suppressing an increase in the size of the motor itself.

  However, as a result of diligent experiments and researches, the present inventor has been able to achieve the problem of improving torque while suppressing the increase in size of the motor itself with the above-described device, but from low torque to low torque. He came to know that it was difficult to achieve the task of further expanding the operable range leading to a high rotational speed, and realized that the present invention was completed by recognizing that further improvements were necessary. . In other words, the present inventor changes the viewpoint from the conventional point of view and improves the space factor of the winding, and the idea is completely opposite to the conventional way of thinking. In addition, it was decided to adopt the means of “reducing the space factor of the winding”, which was not considered at all in order to increase the size.

  Moreover, as in the rotating electrical machine according to this embodiment, the tooth portion is divided into a plurality of tooth portions, and any one of the divided tooth portions is movable relative to the other divided tooth portions. In the stator winding when the magnetic resistance of the magnetic path composed of multiple teeth is increased by adopting the means of changing the balance of `` winding space factor '' By increasing the difference between the magnetic flux of the interlinked rotor permanent magnet and the magnetic flux of the rotor permanent magnet interlinked with the stator winding when the magnetic resistance of the magnetic path is reduced, The task of further expanding the operable range from low torque to low torque and high torque was achieved. This will be specifically described below.

  In this embodiment, the tooth portion 30 has the winding 40 disposed around it as described above. As shown by a broken line in FIG. 5A, the region is surrounded by a pair of adjacent tooth portions 30, 30 and a stator yoke portion 50, and is approximately 2 etc. at an intermediate position between the pair of adjacent tooth portions 30, 30. One of the divided parts is defined as a winding arrangement possible area A in which the winding can be actually arranged.

  In the motor according to this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the winding 40 is arranged only in a partial region in the winding arrangement possible region A. That is, the winding 40 is arranged in a region from the position shifted from the end Ain on the rotor side to the stator yoke portion side by a certain distance L to the outer end of the first tooth portion 31 in the winding arrangement possible region A. ing.

  As shown in FIG. 5A, in the winding 40, all portions of the winding 40 are energized at the first position where the first tooth portion 31 and the second tooth portion 32 face each other in the radial direction. Thus, a current-carrying winding 40E that generates a magnetic field is configured. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5B, even in the second position where the second tooth portion 32 as the movable split tooth portion moves in the circumferential direction and is disposed between the pair of adjacent first tooth portions 31, 31. All portions of the winding 40 are energized to constitute a current winding 40E that generates a magnetic field. Accordingly, in this embodiment, the energization winding 40E at the first position and the energization winding 40E at the second position are the same.

  As shown in FIG. 5B, the movable split tooth portion 32 moves relative to the other split tooth portion 31 and the magnetic resistance Rk (Rk2) of the magnetic path formed by both the split tooth portions 31 and 32 is large. In the second position, the stator yoke portion side end of the energization winding 40E (all windings in this embodiment) energized at the second position in the winding arrangement possible region A (I.e., outer end) A region from Aout to the rotor side end (i.e., inner end) Ain of the winding arrangement possible region A is an intermediate position in the arrangement direction of the divided tooth portions 31 and 32 in the tooth portion 30. As shown by a two-dot chain line, the first region A1 located on the rotor side and the second region A2 located on the stator yoke portion side are divided.

  Here, the “intermediate position” does not necessarily mean only a position strictly divided into two geometrically in the present invention, but an arbitrary intermediate in a radial intermediate region defined with a certain width. It means position. For example, this embodiment will be described as an example. In this embodiment, the distance between the position of the stator yoke part side end Aout and the innermost position of the rotor side end Ain of the winding arrangement possible region A is equal to two. Although the divided position is defined as the intermediate position, any position in the radial direction in the intermediate region having a certain width between the two positions other than the position that is strictly divided into two equal parts is referred to as “intermediate position”. Can be defined. In other words, the “intermediate position” in the present invention is understood to include not only a geometrically strict intermediate position but also a substantially intermediate position in a common sense with a certain width before and after the intermediate position. Should. The same applies to other embodiments described later.

  Current-carrying winding space factor (S40E / SA1) defined by the ratio of the actual winding total cross-sectional area S40E of the current-carrying winding 40E existing in the first region A1 to the cross-sectional area SA1 of the first region A1 Is the energization winding space factor (S40E / SA2) defined by the ratio of the actual winding total cross-sectional area S40E of the energization winding 40E existing in the second area A2 to the cross-sectional area SA2 of the second area A2. ) Is set relatively smaller.

  In the present invention, the reason why the current winding space factor is set as described above is as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 4A and FIG. 5A, in a state where the second tooth portion 32 as the movable split tooth portion is in the first position facing the first tooth portion 31 in the radial direction and facing directly. Is rotating at a low speed, an induced voltage (counterelectromotive force) is generated in the winding 40 by the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet piece M during the rotation. However, when the rotational speed is low, the induced voltage is Since the applied voltage is relatively smaller than 40, the number of rotations can be further increased.

  However, as the rotational speed of the rotor 2 increases, the induced voltage generated in the winding 40 by the magnetic flux of the rotating permanent magnet piece M gradually increases. When a certain number of revolutions is reached, the voltage applied to the winding 40 becomes equal to the induced voltage generated in the winding 40 and reaches the upper limit of the number of revolutions. Of course, in this case, if the electric power applied to the winding 40 is increased, the limit point of the rotational speed is extended, but the power consumption for that purpose is remarkably increased.

  A field-weakening control method is known as means for eliminating the weak point of the rotational characteristics of the motor and increasing the rotational speed, that is, shifting from high torque low speed rotation to low torque high speed rotation. As an alternative to this field-weakening control method or a method to assist it, the number of stator winding linkage magnetic fluxes of the permanent magnet magnetic flux can be reduced during high-speed rotation by changing the flow of magnetic flux through a mechanical structure. The method for suppressing the induced voltage has been proposed as described above.

  That is, by dividing the tooth part of the stator into at least two parts and relatively moving the divided tooth part, the magnetic flux flow is changed to reduce the stator winding interlinkage magnetic flux of the permanent magnet magnetic flux during high-speed rotation. Proposed to make it. However, when a stronger permanent magnet was used, the torque could be improved, but a new problem was discovered that the upper limit of the rotational speed was lowered and the operation range could not be expanded to some extent. It came to do.

  In order to solve this new problem, in the present invention, as described above, the arrangement structure of the winding 40 is devised. That is, the current-carrying winding defined by the ratio of the actual total winding cross-sectional area S40E of the current-carrying winding 40E existing in each region to the cross-sectional areas SA1 and SA2 of the first region A1 and the second region A2. The space factor is set so that the first area A1 is relatively smaller than the second area A2.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 5A, in the state where the first tooth portion 31 and the second tooth portion 32 are in the first position that coincides in the radial direction and directly faces, the first tooth portion 31 and the second tooth portion 32. The magnetic resistance Rk (Rk1) of the gap between the first tooth portion 31 and the adjacent first tooth portion 31 is considerably larger than the magnetic resistance Rj between the side protruding edges 31a and 31a at the end of the rotor side. Small (2Rk (Rk1) <Rj). Therefore, the total magnetic resistance 2Rk (2Rk1) of the magnetic circuit passing through the other tooth portion 30 from one tooth portion 30 of the pair of adjacent tooth portions 30 and 30 via the stator yoke portion 50 is the adjacent first tooth. It is smaller than the magnetic resistance Rj between the side protruding edges 31a and 31a at the end of the portions 31 and 31 on the rotor side. For this reason, most of the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet M of the rotor 2 passes through the other tooth portion 30 via the stator yoke portion 50 from one tooth portion 30 of the pair of adjacent tooth portions 30, 30. pass.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5B, in a state where the second tooth portion 32 as the movable divided tooth portion moves relative to the first tooth portion 31 and is in the second position, the first tooth portion 31 and the second tooth portion 31 The magnetic resistance Rk (Rk2) between the teeth 32 is relatively larger than the magnetic resistance Rj between the side protruding edges 31a and 31a at the end of the adjacent first teeth 31 and 31 on the rotor side. (Rj <2Rk (Rk2)). Accordingly, the total magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit from one tooth portion 30 of the pair of adjacent tooth portions 30, 30 through the end portion on the stator yoke portion side to the end portion on the stator yoke portion side of the other tooth portion 30. 2Rk (2Rk2) is larger than the magnetic resistance Rj between the side protruding edges 31a and 31a of the adjacent first tooth portions 31 and 31. Accordingly, the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet M of the rotor 2 is adjacent to the end portion on the one rotor side of the adjacent first tooth portions 31, 31 and the side protruding edge portion 31a at the end portion on the same rotor side. The other side protruding edge portion 31a of the first tooth portion 31 passes through the magnetic circuit passing through the end portion on the rotor side of the side protruding edge portion 31a.

  Thus, the flow of the main magnetic flux can be changed by moving the second tooth portion 32 as the movable divided tooth portion relative to the first tooth portion 31.

  As shown in FIG. 5A, in the state where the first tooth portion 31 and the second tooth portion 32 are in the first position facing the radial direction and facing each other, as described above, from the permanent magnet M of the rotor 2 Most of the magnetic flux passes through the magnetic circuit passing through the other tooth portion 30 from one tooth portion 30 of the pair of adjacent tooth portions 30 and 30 via the stator yoke portion 50. Accordingly, when the rotational speed of the rotor 2 is increased in the state of the first position, most of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet M crosses the winding 40, so that a large induced voltage is generated in the winding 40. . Therefore, in the state of the first position, the rotor 2 cannot be rotated at a high speed exceeding a certain fixed speed.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5B, in the state where the second tooth portion 32 is relatively moved with respect to the first tooth portion 31 and is in the second position, one of the magnetic poles of the adjacent permanent magnets M, M is used. The magnetic flux generated from one of the adjacent first tooth portions 31, 31 on one rotor side, the side protruding edge portion 31a of the end on the same rotor side, and the other of the adjacent first tooth portions 31 is the other. It passes through the magnetic circuit whose main path is the side protruding edge 31a and the path passing through the rotor side end of the side protruding edge 31a. In this way, most of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet M passes through the magnetic resistance Rj between the side protruding edges 31a and 31a of the adjacent first tooth portion 31, so that the magnetic flux crossing the winding 40 is reduced. Thus, the induced voltage induced in the winding 40 is greatly suppressed. Therefore, the upper limit value of the rotational speed of the rotor 2 can be increased.

  By the way, in the state where the second tooth portion 32 is relatively moved with respect to the first tooth portion 31 and is in the second position, the inventor of the present invention has the first tooth portion 31 in which all of the magnetic fluxes of the permanent magnet M are adjacent. , 31 does not pass through the magnetic resistance Rj between the side protruding edges 31a, 31a, and a part of the magnetic flux is a leakage magnetic flux, except between the end portions on the rotor side of the adjacent first tooth portions 31, 31 It was found that the induced voltage generated in the winding 40 due to this leakage magnetic flux hinders the increase in the upper limit value of the rotational speed of the rotor 2. Conventionally, as described above, as many windings as possible are arranged in the range from the end on the rotor side to the end on the opposite side in the winding arrangement possible region around the tooth portion 30. It was considered preferable to improve the winding space factor.

  However, the present inventor has found that the influence of the leakage magnetic flux interlinked with the winding 40 wound around the end portion on the rotor side in the winding arrangement possible region A around the tooth portion cannot be ignored. As a result, the winding arrangement was devised. In particular, when a permanent magnet M that generates a strong magnetic force, such as a neodymium magnet, is used, the leakage magnetic flux linked to the winding wound around the end of the rotor side also increases. , The effect will be greater. Therefore, in such a case, the present invention has a particularly remarkable effect.

  As a specific method for setting the energization winding space factor defined as described above so that the first region A1 is relatively smaller than the second region A2, for example, FIG. 4 and FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the winding 40 is formed in a state shifted to the stator yoke portion side with respect to the tooth portion 30 so that the winding is not formed in a predetermined region of the end portion on the rotor side. The method to do can be adopted. In this case, a winding fixing member F may be provided in a portion where no winding is formed (see FIG. 5A). Further, as described above, the first tooth portion 31 including the winding 40 may be formed into a cylindrical shape by a resin mold.

  As described above, in the state where the second tooth portion 32 is relatively moved with respect to the first tooth portion 31 and is in the second position, the leakage magnetic flux between the adjacent first tooth portions 31 and 31 is the rotor side. There are more end portions than the stator yoke portion 50 side. Therefore, by arranging the winding 40 so that the current winding space factor is relatively smaller in the first region A1 than in the second region A2, the current winding existing in the first region A1. The induced voltage (back electromotive force) induced by 40E can be suppressed. Therefore, by controlling the relative position of the second tooth portion 32 with respect to the first tooth portion 31, the magnitude of the induced voltage (back electromotive force) induced in the winding 40 can be controlled, and consequently the induced voltage ( The maximum rotational speed of the rotor 2 determined by the magnitude of the counter electromotive force can be increased.

  As described above, since the maximum rotation speed can be increased by the position control of the second tooth portion 32 with respect to the first tooth portion 31 and the operable region can be expanded, the back electromotive force can be suppressed as in the case of field weakening control. There is no need to supply power. Therefore, power consumption as a whole motor can be suppressed.

  In the present invention, the position control of the second tooth portion 32 with respect to the first tooth portion 31 is shown in FIG. 5B and the first position where the first tooth portion 31 and the second tooth portion 32 face each other as shown in FIG. The present invention is not limited to the case where the second tooth portion 32 is controlled so as to switch alternatively between the second position moved relative to the first tooth portion 31. That is, it includes a case where the second tooth portion 32 is controlled to move relative to the first tooth portion 31 continuously or discontinuously between the first position and the second position. With such continuous or discontinuous control, the motor performance can be exhibited in the most efficient state according to the rotational speed.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the case where only the position control with respect to the 1st tooth part 31 of the said 2nd tooth part 32 was demonstrated. However, needless to say, the present invention does not preclude the combined use of the position control and the conventionally known field weakening control.

(Second Embodiment)
FIGS. 6A and 6B are cross-sectional views corresponding to FIGS. 5A and 5B, enlarging and showing the vicinity of a winding portion in an electric motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In this 2nd Embodiment, the coil | winding 40 is the area | region corresponding to the 1st tooth part 31 of the said coil | winding arrangement | positioning area | region A from the rotor side edge part of the 1st tooth part 31 to the other side. The space factor of the winding is changed by forming so that the number of turns gradually increases toward the end of the winding.

  Also in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6A, the winding 40 has the first tooth portion 31 and the second tooth portion 32 in the first position where they face each other in the radial direction. All of the portions are energized to constitute an energizing winding 40E that generates a magnetic field. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6B, even in the second position where the second tooth portion 32 as the movable split tooth portion moves and is disposed between the pair of adjacent first tooth portions 31, 31, the winding 40. The energizing winding 40E is configured to generate a magnetic field by energizing all of the portions. Accordingly, in this embodiment, the energization winding 40E at the first position and the energization winding 40E at the second position are the same.

  As shown in FIG. 6B, the movable split tooth portion 32 moves relative to the other split tooth portion 31, and the magnetic resistance Rk (Rk2) of the magnetic path formed by both the split tooth portions 31 and 32 is large. In the winding arrangement possible region A, the rotation of the winding arrangement possible region A from the stator yoke side end Aout of the energization winding 40E energized in the second position in the winding arrangement possible region A The first region located on the rotor side, as indicated by a two-dot chain line, with the region up to the child side end Ain as the boundary in the middle position in the arrangement direction of the divided tooth portions 31 and 32 in the tooth portion 30 It is divided into A1 and a second region A2 located on the stator yoke part side.

  The energization winding space factor defined by the ratio of the actual total winding sectional area S40E of the energization winding 40E existing in the first area A1 to the cross-sectional area SA1 of the first area A1 is the second area. The current-carrying winding space factor defined by the ratio of the actual winding total cross-sectional area S40E of the current-carrying winding 40E existing in the second region A2 to the cross-sectional area SA2 of A2 is set to be relatively smaller.

Therefore, also in this embodiment, as in the case of the first embodiment, the maximum rotation speed can be increased by position control of the second tooth portion 32 with respect to the first tooth portion 31, and the operable region can be expanded.
Since other configurations and operational effects are the same as those of the first embodiment, the corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

(Third embodiment)
FIGS. 7A and 7B are cross-sectional views corresponding to FIGS. 5A and 5B, enlarging and showing the vicinity of a winding portion in an electric motor according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the winding 40 has as many 40 turns as possible in the range from the rotor side end of the winding arrangement possible region A to the stator yoke side end of the first tooth portion 31. Yes.

  However, this embodiment differs from the previous embodiment in that the winding 40 has two types of windings: a first winding 40A on the rotor end side and a second winding 40B on the stator yoke side. Consists of lines. In the state of the first position shown in FIG. 7A, the first winding 40A and the second winding 40B are both energized. On the other hand, in the state of the second position shown in FIG. 7B, the second winding 40B located on the stator yoke portion side constitutes the energization winding 40E to be energized, but the second winding 40B located on the rotor end portion side. One winding 40A constitutes a non-energized winding that is not energized.

  As described above, the first winding 40A can be switched between an energized state and a non-energized state at a predetermined timing by a control circuit (not shown). Thus, as shown in FIG. 7B, when the second tooth portion 32 as the movable split tooth portion moves relative to the first tooth portion 31 and is in the second position, the energization winding space is increased. The rate is relatively smaller in the first area A1 than in the second area A2. In this way, the winding is composed of a plurality of windings, and by selecting the winding to be energized according to the relative position between the movable divided tooth portion and the other divided tooth portion, the energized winding space factor can be arbitrarily set. Thus, the generation of counter electromotive force during high-speed rotation of the rotor can be reduced.

In this embodiment, the winding 40 is exemplified by two types of windings, a first winding 40A on the rotor end side and a second winding 40B on the stator yoke side. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the winding 40 may be composed of three or more windings. In this case, the energization winding space factor can be arbitrarily set more arbitrarily by appropriately selecting the winding to be energized.
Since other configurations and operational effects are the same as those of the first embodiment, the corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

(Fourth embodiment)
8A and 8B show a fourth embodiment of the electric motor according to the present invention and are schematic cross-sectional views corresponding to FIG. 4A. In the first to third embodiments, the rotor 2 is arranged inside the stator 3. In the fourth embodiment, the rotor 2 is arranged outside the stator 3. The point is different.

  In FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B, in order to show the configuration of each part in an easy-to-understand manner compared to the first embodiment, the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment are given to the components that perform the same functions.

  As shown in these drawings, this radial gap type electric motor includes a cylindrical rotor 2 that rotates about a rotation center (100 in the figure), and is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical rotor 2. A plurality of permanent magnet pieces M are fixed in the circumferential direction. Inside the rotor 2, a plurality of tooth portions 30 are arranged in the circumferential direction so as to face the permanent magnet piece M with a predetermined gap therebetween. This tooth portion 30 is also divided in the radial direction, as in the case of the above embodiments, and has a first tooth portion 31 located on the rotor side and a second tooth portion 32 located on the opposite side. . The second tooth portion 32 is formed integrally with the stator body 50.

  Also in the electric motor, the second tooth portion 32 is movable relative to the first tooth portion 31 in the circumferential direction. A winding 40 is arranged around the first tooth portion 31. The winding 40 is arranged in a state of being brought close to the stator yoke portion 50 side. Also in this embodiment, it is defined by the ratio of the actual total winding sectional area S40E of the energized winding 40E existing in the first area A1 to the sectional area SA1 of the first area A1 defined in the present invention. Current-carrying winding defined by the ratio of the actual winding total cross-sectional area S40E of the current-carrying winding 40E existing in the second region A2 to the cross-sectional area SA2 of the second region A2 It is set relatively smaller than the space factor.

  Therefore, also in this embodiment, as in the case of each of the embodiments described above, the maximum rotation speed can be increased by the position control of the second tooth portion 32 with respect to the first tooth portion 31, and the operable region can be expanded. Since other configurations and operational effects are the same as those of the first embodiment, the corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

(Fifth embodiment)
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the electric motor according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. The electric motor according to the fifth embodiment is an axial gap type electric motor. A stator 103 having a stator winding and a disk-like rotor 102 having permanent magnets M arranged with a gap in the axial direction of the stator are provided.

  The rotor 102 is configured to rotate around a rotation shaft 101. On the other hand, the stator 103 has a plurality of teeth 130 arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction so as to face one side of the rotor 102 with a gap. Each tooth portion 130 is divided in the axial direction into a first tooth portion 131 closer to the rotor 102 and a second tooth portion 132 on the opposite side. The stator 103 includes a disk-shaped stator yoke portion 150 in which the second tooth portions 132 are fixed to one side surface. The stator yoke portion 150 is movable relative to the first tooth portion 131 in the circumferential direction together with the second tooth portion 132. The stator yoke part 150 has a gear part 151 having a plurality of teeth at a part of the periphery thereof.

  The electric motor includes a drive motor 104a and a rotation mechanism 104 having a speed reduction mechanism 104b composed of a plurality of gears, and the gear 104c of the speed reduction mechanism 104b is arranged to mesh with the gear portion 151. Yes. The drive motor 104a is rotatably driven in the forward and reverse directions by the power source P via the controller C. Then, when the drive motor 104a is rotationally driven, the rotational force is transmitted to the gear 104c via the speed reduction mechanism 104b, and is transmitted to the gear portion 151 engaged therewith. Therefore, the stator yoke portion 150, and thus the second tooth portion 132 is moved relative to the first tooth portion 131.

  In this embodiment as well, as in the previous examples, the minimum magnetic resistance position (first position) at which the magnetic resistance between the first tooth portion and the second tooth portion is minimum, and the maximum magnetic resistance maximum. Between the position (second position), the second tooth portion 132 is movable relative to the first tooth portion 131.

  A winding 140 is disposed on the first tooth portion 131, and the winding 140 is shifted to a position separated from the end of the first tooth portion 131 on the rotor side by a predetermined distance (lower in the drawing). In the state of being unevenly distributed). Therefore, also in this embodiment, as described in each of the above embodiments, the actual total winding sectional area S40E of the energized winding 40E existing in the first area A1 with respect to the sectional area SA1 of the first area A1. The energization winding space ratio defined by the ratio is the energization defined by the ratio of the actual winding total cross-sectional area S40E of the energization winding 40E existing in the second region A2 to the cross-sectional area SA2 of the second region A2. It is set relatively smaller than the winding space factor.

Therefore, also in this embodiment, as in the case of each of the embodiments described above, the maximum rotation speed can be increased by the position control of the second tooth portion 132 with respect to the first tooth portion 131, and the operable region can be expanded.
Since other configurations and operational effects are the same as those of the above-described embodiments, corresponding reference numerals are assigned to corresponding portions, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the windings 40 and 140 are exemplified and described only around the first tooth portions 31 and 131. Of course, the second tooth portions 32 and 132 are also wound on the windings. May be arranged.

  The terms and expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limiting, but represent any equivalent of the features shown and described herein. It should be recognized that various modifications within the claimed scope of the present invention are permissible.

  While this invention may be embodied in many different forms, this disclosure is to be considered as providing examples of the principles of the invention, which examples are hereby incorporated by reference. Many illustrated embodiments are described herein with the understanding that they are not intended to be limited to the preferred embodiments described and / or illustrated.

  Although several illustrated embodiments of the present invention have been described herein, the present invention is not limited to the various preferred embodiments described herein, and is equivalent to what may be recognized by those skilled in the art based on this disclosure. Any and all embodiments having various elements, modifications, deletions, combinations (eg, combinations of features across the various embodiments), improvements and / or changes are encompassed. Claim limitations should be construed broadly based on the terms used in the claims, and should not be limited to the embodiments described herein or in the process of this application, as such The examples should be construed as non-exclusive. For example, in this disclosure, the term “preferably” is non-exclusive and means “preferably but not limited to”.

  The rotary electric machine according to the present invention is suitably used as an electric motor for a drive source in vehicles such as electric motorcycles and various electric machines.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotating shaft 2 Rotor 3 Stator 4 Rotating mechanism 30 Tooth part 31 First tooth part (divided tooth part)
32 Second tooth (divided movable tooth)
40 winding 40E energization winding 50 stator yoke part 51 gear part 101 rotating shaft 102 rotor 103 stator 104 rotating mechanism 130 tooth part 131 first tooth part (divided tooth part)
132 Second tooth (divided movable tooth)
140 Winding 150 Stator yoke part 151 Gear part A Winding arrangement possible area A1 First area A2 Second area Aout Stator yoke part side end of current winding Ain Rotor side end of winding arrangement area C Controller
E Electrical product F Winding fixing member M Permanent magnet P Power supply R Rotating electric machine (electric motor)
SA1 Cross-sectional area of the first area SA2 Cross-sectional area of the second area V Vehicle (electric motorcycle)

Claims (8)

A rotor having a permanent magnet and rotating around a rotation axis;
A stator arranged to face the rotor with a gap therebetween,
The stator is
Teeth arranged with respect to the rotor via the gap;
A stator yoke part that forms a stator magnetic path with the tooth part;
One or a plurality of windings arranged to occupy at least a part of the winding arrangement possible region surrounded by the stator yoke portion and the tooth portion;
A magnetic resistance changing mechanism that mechanically changes the stator magnetic path composed of the stator yoke part and the tooth part to change the magnetic resistance value of the stator magnetic path;
The magnetoresistive change mechanism includes a first state in which the magnetic resistance of the stator magnetic path is small and a second state in which the magnetic resistance of the stator magnetic path is relatively larger than the first state. Configured to mechanically change the stator magnetic path,
The stator has a plurality of the tooth portions arranged at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction of the stator,
Ends on the rotor side of the plurality of tooth portions are separated from each other in the circumferential direction of the stator,
The one or more windings have energized windings that are energized in a state where at least the stator magnetic path is changed to the second state by the magnetoresistive changing mechanism, and in the winding arrangement possible region, The region from the stator yoke portion side end of the energized winding to the rotor side end of the winding arrangement possible region is bordered by the intermediate position of the tooth portion in the direction in which the rotor and the stator face each other. Divided into a first region located on the rotor side and a second region located on the stator yoke portion side,
The current-carrying winding space factor defined by the ratio of the actual total winding cross-sectional area of the current-carrying winding existing in the first region to the cross-sectional area of the first region is the cross-sectional area of the second region. The rotating electrical power is set to be relatively smaller than the energization winding space factor defined by the ratio of the actual total winding cross-sectional area of the energization winding existing in the second region. machine.   The magnetoresistive change mechanism has a plurality of divided tooth portions in which the tooth portion is divided in a direction in which the rotor and the stator face each other, and at least one of the plurality of divided tooth portions. One divided tooth portion constitutes a movable divided tooth portion that is movable relative to the other divided tooth portion in the circumferential direction of the rotation shaft, and the movable divided tooth portion is in the first state and the second state. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the rotating electrical machine is movable between the two.   The rotor-side end of the energization winding is disposed at a position spaced a predetermined distance from the rotor-side end of the winding arrangement possible region to the stator side, and the rotor side in the winding arrangement possible region The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the energization winding is not formed in a predetermined region of the rotating electrical machine.   The winding fixing member which fixes the said winding is provided between the said rotor side end of the said electricity supply winding, and the said rotor side end of the said coil | winding arrangement | positioning area | region. A rotating electrical machine according to any one of the preceding claims.   The rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the one or more windings are arranged in a state of being unevenly distributed on the stator yoke portion side.   The one or more windings are formed such that the number of turns increases from the rotor side end toward the stator yoke part side end in the winding arrangement possible region. A rotating electrical machine according to any one of the claims.   A vehicle comprising the rotary electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6.   An electrical product comprising the rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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