JP5833923B2 - 粒子特性の光検出 - Google Patents
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- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
- G01N21/53—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid within a flowing fluid, e.g. smoke
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/66—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by measuring frequency, phase shift or propagation time of electromagnetic or other waves, e.g. using ultrasonic flowmeters
- G01F1/667—Arrangements of transducers for ultrasonic flowmeters; Circuits for operating ultrasonic flowmeters
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
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- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
- G01N15/14—Optical investigation techniques, e.g. flow cytometry
- G01N15/1434—Optical arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/85—Investigating moving fluids or granular solids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
- G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
- G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
- G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
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- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
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- G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
- G08B29/20—Calibration, including self-calibrating arrangements
- G08B29/24—Self-calibration, e.g. compensating for environmental drift or ageing of components
- G08B29/26—Self-calibration, e.g. compensating for environmental drift or ageing of components by updating and storing reference thresholds
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
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- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
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- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
Description
赤色光帯域から赤外光帯域までの生の煙=(RR−RIR)/(λR−λIR) (1)
(ただし、λRは赤色光の波長である)
緑色光帯域から赤外光帯域までの生の煙=(RG−RIR)/(λG−λIR) (2)
青色光帯域から赤外光帯域までの生の煙=(RB−RIR)/(λB−λIR) (3)
青色光帯域から緑色光帯域までの生の煙=(RB−RG)/(λB−λG) (4)
緑色光帯域から赤色光帯域までの生の煙=(RG−RR)/(λG−λR) (5)
赤色光帯域から赤外光帯域までの生の煙=(RR−RIR)/(λR−λIR) (6)
視野背景内の予測値=主センサ作成背景+(視野背景内の副センサ−副センサ作成背景)
したがって、単一色に関する図8の信号G(t)は、下式により与えられる。
G(t)=B(t)主センサ−視野背景内の予測値
これは、図10のグラフ1040としてプロットされる。
Claims (23)
- 空気流中の粒子検出方法であって、
複数波長の前記空気流からの散乱光強度を示す信号を受け取る工程と、
各波長の受光強度を示す信号と対応する波長依存パラメータとを処理する工程であって、受光強度を示す信号と対応する波長依存パラメータとに少なくとも1つの関数を当てはめることを含む工程と、
前記少なくとも1つの関数の少なくとも1つの点での勾配に基づき空気流中の粒子の少なくとも1つの特性を示す出力信号を特定する工程であって、前記勾配が、複数の波長の受光強度の差と前記複数の波長の前記対応する波長パラメータの差との割合である工程とを含む、方法。 - 受光強度を示す信号とそれらの対応する波長依存パラメータとに複数の関数を当てはめる工程を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 関数群またはそのうちの1つは多項式である、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 2以上の信号とそれらの対応する波長依存パラメータに複数の線形関数を当てはめる、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記出力信号は、複数の前記線形関数の勾配に基づき特定する、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 線形関数の適合に用いる2以上の信号は、隣接波長の散乱光で代表される、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 各線形関数の適合に使用する2以上の信号は、共通の波長に対応する信号を含む、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 各波長の受光強度を示す信号と対応する波長依存パラメータの処理工程は、各波長の受光強度を示す信号と対応する波長依存パラメータに統計的な方法を適用し、空気流中の粒子の特性を示す出力信号を生成する工程を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記波長依存パラメータは、
波長かエネルギか周波数、
あるいは波長かエネルギか周波数に基づくパラメータから選択される、請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 少なくとも1つの関数の勾配を、空気流中の粒子の1以上の特性に対応する1以上の所定の痕跡と比較する工程をさらに含む、請求項2から9のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 各波長の受光強度を示す信号と対応する波長依存パラメータとを処理する工程は、複数波長の受光強度を示す信号を空気流中の粒子の1以上の特性に対応する1以上の所定の痕跡と比較することを含む、請求項1に記載の粒子検出方法。
- 少なくとも3つの波長を用いる、請求項1から11のいずれか1項に記載の粒子検出方法。
- 4つの波長を用いる、請求項1から12のいずれか1項に記載の粒子検出方法。
- 1以上の所定痕跡は、空気流中の粒子の下記の特性のうちの任意の1以上に関連付けることができ、
それは粒子寸法、粒子寸法分布、粒子色、粒子組成、粒子種別、粒形、火災種別、火災進行段階、特定の燃焼材料により生成される粒子である、請求項10に記載の方法。 - 所定の痕跡は、下記の粒子種別に対応させることができ、
それは煙粒子、塵埃粒子、繊維屑粒子、他の不快粒子、眼に見える異物、所定寸法範囲の粒子、特定材料の燃焼により生ずる粒子である、請求項12に記載の方法。 - 受光強度を示す信号またはそれらの対応する波長依存パラメータの一方または両方の正規化工程を含む、請求項1から15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記方法を1回以上反復し、経時的に出力された出力信号により特性解明された前記空気流中の粒子の少なくとも1つの特性を追尾する工程をさらに含む、請求項1から16のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 時間準拠痕跡に対し経時的に追尾した少なくとも1つの特性を比較する工程をさらに含む、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記比較に基づいて状態を識別する工程をさらに含む、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記状態は、火災、火災の変容、延焼段階の進行、塵埃生成事象、過渡的な不快状態、検出器故障、検出チャンバへの異物の侵入、特定材料の燃焼から選択される、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 所定波長の受光強度を示す信号を前処理し、背景光の影響を取り除く工程を含めることのできる、請求項1から20のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 出力信号に基づき所定の寸法範囲の粒子の濃度を特定する工程をさらに含む、請求項1から21のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 粒子検出システムであって、
空気試料を受容するよう適合させた検出チャンバと、
複数波長で空気試料を照光する手段と、
空気試料で散乱させられた光を複数波長で受光し、各波長の受光強度を示す信号を出力する手段と、
請求項1から22のいずれか1項に記載の方法を用い、各波長の受光強度を示す信号と対応する波長依存パラメータとを処理し、空気試料中の粒子の少なくとも1つの特性を示す出力信号を生成する処理手段とを含む、粒子検出システム。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AU2008904626A AU2008904626A0 (en) | 2008-09-05 | Detection of particle characteristics | |
AU2008904626 | 2008-09-05 | ||
PCT/AU2009/001162 WO2010025520A1 (en) | 2008-09-05 | 2009-09-04 | Optical detection of particle characteristics |
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JP2015133508A Division JP5974143B2 (ja) | 2008-09-05 | 2015-07-02 | 粒子特性の光検出 |
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JP2012502260A JP2012502260A (ja) | 2012-01-26 |
JP5833923B2 true JP5833923B2 (ja) | 2015-12-16 |
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JP2011525375A Expired - Fee Related JP5833923B2 (ja) | 2008-09-05 | 2009-09-04 | 粒子特性の光検出 |
JP2015133508A Expired - Fee Related JP5974143B2 (ja) | 2008-09-05 | 2015-07-02 | 粒子特性の光検出 |
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Country | Link |
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US (2) | US9128047B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2331938A4 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP5833923B2 (ja) |
KR (2) | KR101819997B1 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN104502310B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2009290147C1 (ja) |
CA (2) | CA3016951A1 (ja) |
HK (2) | HK1163814A1 (ja) |
MY (1) | MY162159A (ja) |
TW (2) | TWI600893B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2010025520A1 (ja) |
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TW201017151A (en) | 2010-05-01 |
CN102232183B (zh) | 2015-01-14 |
TWI600893B (zh) | 2017-10-01 |
CN104502310A (zh) | 2015-04-08 |
MY162159A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
CA3016951A1 (en) | 2010-03-11 |
KR101819997B1 (ko) | 2018-01-18 |
EP2331938A1 (en) | 2011-06-15 |
CA2735715C (en) | 2018-10-23 |
US20160033400A1 (en) | 2016-02-04 |
AU2009290147C1 (en) | 2016-01-21 |
KR101692452B1 (ko) | 2017-01-03 |
HK1208265A1 (en) | 2016-02-26 |
JP5974143B2 (ja) | 2016-08-23 |
TW201525443A (zh) | 2015-07-01 |
AU2009290147A1 (en) | 2010-03-11 |
JP2012502260A (ja) | 2012-01-26 |
US20110255087A1 (en) | 2011-10-20 |
CN102232183A (zh) | 2011-11-02 |
US9128047B2 (en) | 2015-09-08 |
KR20170003721A (ko) | 2017-01-09 |
JP2016020902A (ja) | 2016-02-04 |
CA2735715A1 (en) | 2010-03-11 |
HK1163814A1 (en) | 2012-09-14 |
AU2009290147B2 (en) | 2015-09-03 |
TWI482959B (zh) | 2015-05-01 |
WO2010025520A1 (en) | 2010-03-11 |
US9470627B2 (en) | 2016-10-18 |
EP2331938A4 (en) | 2017-05-17 |
KR20110076914A (ko) | 2011-07-06 |
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