JP5830315B2 - Container vibration test method and test apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a container vibration test method and a test apparatus for conducting a vibration test of a container for storing and transporting chemicals and the like, particularly a container for storing and transporting liquid dangerous substances.

  Containers used for storing and transporting and storing chemicals and foods include IBCs (Intermediate Bulk Containers), that is, medium-sized containers. This medium-sized container is a container having a capacity of about 500 liters to 2000 liters, and generally has a capacity of 1000 liters. Examples of the medium-sized container include a metal container using a metal such as stainless steel as a material thereof, and a resin container protected by a metal cage-shaped exterior member.

  In order to store liquid dangerous goods in such a medium-sized container for land transportation or sea transportation, it is necessary to prevent the medium-sized container from being damaged during transportation. Therefore, in order to commercialize a medium-sized container that stores and transports liquid dangerous goods, whether or not the dangerous goods have sufficient strength to withstand the impacts, cargo handling, and vibrations encountered during transportation, that is, We are testing whether the shape and structure of medium-sized containers have a certain level of vibration resistance or vibration resistance. Only a medium-sized container whose safety has been confirmed by this vibration test can be commercialized.

  The vibration test of medium-sized containers that store and transport dangerous materials is performed by placing a test container filled with water up to 98% of the maximum capacity on a vibration table and vibrating it up and down. If the test container is not damaged even if the test container is vibrated so as to jump for a certain time, it is determined that the test container has a desired vibration resistance strength. The specific test conditions in this vibration test are 25 mm ± 5% in both amplitudes in the vertical direction in a sinusoidal shape on the test container by the vibration table as defined in “Inspection Test Standard for Containers and Packaging of Dangerous Goods”. It is necessary to give vibration. The frequency at this time is such that the gap between the bottom surface of the container and the vibration table, that is, the jumping amount at least 100 mm from the side surface of the test container is 1.6 mm or more. In this vibration test, it is necessary to conduct a harsh test in which vibration is applied to the test container so that the amount of jumping exceeds a certain amount, and this vibration is continued for one hour. It is determined that the container of that type has the desired vibration resistance. If dangerous goods are transported using a medium-sized container of a type determined to have a desired vibration resistance strength, it is possible to prevent accidents such as leakage of dangerous goods inside during transportation.

  In order to perform such a vibration test, the displacement of the test container is measured in order to observe from the outside whether or not the test container is vibrated until the jump amount reaches a certain value or more. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a displacement measuring device that is used to measure the amount of displacement of a support structure when the portal support structure is vibrated.

JP 2010-210398 A

  When the vibration test as described above is performed on the test container and no damage occurs, it is determined that the container has durability as a medium-sized container for storing dangerous materials. However, in order to vibrate the test container with an amplitude of about 25 mm in the vertical direction and to vibrate the test container to such an extent that the jump amount becomes a certain value or more due to the presence of the liquid filled therein, such a test condition is satisfied. It is necessary to vibrate the test container at a specific vibration frequency. Since this vibration frequency differs depending on the size and structure of the medium-sized container to be tested, the vibration frequency must be set differently for each container to be tested when performing a vibration resistance test on the medium-sized container. For this reason, in order to perform a vibration test of a medium-sized container, it is necessary to detect the vibration frequency at which the jump amount becomes a certain value or more. It was not easy, and it was difficult to easily perform a vibration test of the container.

  An object of the present invention is to easily perform a vibration test on a container for storing and transporting chemicals and the like, particularly a container for storing and transporting liquid dangerous substances.

The container vibration test method of the present invention is a container vibration test method for testing the vibration resistance strength of a container for storing dangerous substances, on a vibration table driven by a vibration actuator with a constant amplitude in the vertical direction, A starting step of vibrating the shaking table in a state in which a test container filled with liquid is arranged, and the testing container vibrates on the shaking table around its bottom fulcrum by vertical vibration of the shaking table. A displacement measuring step of measuring the side displacement in the vertical direction from the vibration table on the side surface on the jumping side when the side displacement is performed, and the side displacement is set to the set displacement amount while gradually changing the vibration frequency of the vibration actuator every predetermined time. the test frequency scanning step of probing the test frequency when made, on the basis of the test frequency that is probed, vibration drives the vibration actuator until the elapse of the set test time A test step possess, the setting displacement of the side displacement, jumping determination of a bottom surface of the test vessel in the jumping of a predetermined determination distance from the side surface of the side position of the test container and the width of the test vessel It sets based on . In the container vibration test method of the present invention, the amount of jump determination at the position of the determination distance L0 is H0, the width dimension is W, and the amount of vertical displacement of the contact plate provided on the side surface of the test container When the distance from the contact for measuring the distance from the contact point to the bottom fulcrum is L1, the set displacement H1 is obtained by H1 = (L1 × H0) / (W−L0) .

The container vibration test apparatus according to the present invention is a container vibration test apparatus for testing the vibration resistance strength of a container for storing dangerous substances, in which a test container filled with a liquid is disposed and has a constant amplitude in the vertical direction. The test vessel vibrates on the vibration table around its bottom fulcrum by the vibration table driven by the vibration actuator, the frequency control unit for changing the vibration frequency of the vibration actuator, and the vertical vibration of the vibration table. Displacement measuring means for measuring the lateral displacement of the side surface on the jumping side from the vibration table in the vertical direction, and the lateral displacement becomes the set displacement amount while gradually changing the vibration frequency of the vibration actuator at regular intervals. Test frequency exploration means for exploring the test frequency at the time, and based on the searched test frequency, the vibration activation until a set test time elapses. Possess an actuator driving means for driving Yueta, the setting displacement of the side displacement, jumping determination of a bottom surface of the test vessel in the jumping side surface from a predetermined determination distance position of the test vessel and the test It sets based on the width dimension of a container, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. In the container vibration test apparatus according to the present invention, the amount of jump determination at the position of the determination distance L0 is H0, the width dimension is W, and the amount of vertical displacement of the contact plate provided on the side surface of the test container When the distance from the contact for measuring the distance from the contact point to the bottom fulcrum is L1, the set displacement H1 is obtained by H1 = (L1 × H0) / (W−L0) . The container vibration test apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of the displacement measuring means are provided on the vibration table. In the container vibration testing apparatus according to the present invention, the displacement measuring means is attached to a pedestal whose tip is in contact with a contact plate provided on a side surface of the test container and whose base end is fixed to the vibrating table. It is a cantilever type displacement meter having a lever and using a strain gauge for the lever.

  According to the present invention, when the lateral displacement of the test container when the test container is vibrated is measured and the displacement amount becomes the set displacement amount, the jump amount of the bottom surface necessary for the vibration test becomes the determination value. The vibration frequency at that time is searched as a test frequency. The vibration test is performed for the time required for the vibration test on the test container by the vibration table at the searched test frequency. As described above, since the test frequency can be automatically searched, it is possible to easily test the vibration resistance strength or performance of the medium-sized container, particularly the medium-sized container for storing and transporting dangerous materials.

It is a perspective view which shows the external appearance of the vibration testing apparatus of the container which is one embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which is performing the vibration test with the vibration test apparatus of a container. (A) is a block diagram which shows a data recording device, (B) is a block diagram which shows the control circuit of the vibration test apparatus of a container. It is a flowchart which shows a test procedure with the vibration test apparatus of a container.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The container vibration test apparatus of the present invention has a vibration table 11 on which a test container 10 is arranged as shown in FIG. The test container 10 has a hexahedral shape close to a cube with dimensions of about 1 m in the front-rear direction, the left-right direction, and the height direction, and includes four side walls 10 a, a bottom wall 10 b, and a top wall 10 c. ing. As shown in FIG. 2, the vibration table 11 is driven by a vibration actuator 12 with a constant amplitude in the vertical direction. The vibration actuator 12 moves the drive rod 13 with a constant vertical reciprocating stroke. It is formed by a hydraulic cylinder that drives.

  When performing various vibration tests using the vibration table 11, the vibration table 11 may be vibrated in an inclined direction or may be vibrated in the horizontal direction. In the vibration test of the medium-sized container, the test container 10 is only vibrated in the vertical direction. Therefore, if the vibration test apparatus performs only a vibration test of a medium-sized container that stores liquid dangerous goods, the vibration table 11 only needs to be vibrated in the vertical direction. As shown in FIG. 2, the vibration table 11 is provided with a plurality of vibration actuators 12, but the vibration table 11 may be moved up and down by a single vibration actuator 12. The vibration actuator for vibrating the vibration table 11 up and down is not limited to a hydraulic cylinder, and other types such as an electric motor may be used.

  A plate-like jig 14 for supporting the test container 10 is arranged on the vibration table 11 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, a guide rod 14 a for preventing horizontal movement is attached to the jig 14 in order to prevent the horizontal movement of the test container 10 when the test container 10 is subjected to a vibration test. . Four guide rods 14a are provided corresponding to the four side walls 10a on the front, rear, left and right of the test container 10, but for convenience, only one guide rod 14a is shown in FIG. Two guide rods 14a are shown.

  A metal contact plate 15 is fixed to the four side walls 10a on the front, rear, left, and right sides of the test container 10 in advance at the corners, and the lower surface of each contact plate 15 is horizontal. Although three contact plates 15 are shown in FIG. 1, the contact plates 15 are also fixed to the side wall 10a on the back side in FIG.

  Corresponding to the four abutment plates 15, four lever type displacement gauges 16, also called cantilever type displacement gauges, are attached to the vibration table 11 as displacement measuring means. Each lever-type displacement meter 16 has a lever 18 provided with a contact 17 that contacts the contact plate 15 at the tip. The base end of the lever 18 is attached to a pedestal 19 fixed to the vibration table 11, and the lever 18 is provided with a strain gauge. This type of lever-type displacement meter 16 can detect the amount of displacement of the contact 17 because the electrical resistance of the strain gauge provided on the lever 18 changes according to the amount of displacement of the contact 17 in the vertical direction. it can. In FIG. 2, only one contact plate 15 and one lever-type displacement meter 16 are shown, and the other contact plates 15 and lever-type displacement meter 16 are not shown.

  The test for obtaining the type approval for the medium-sized container that stores liquid dangerous goods is performed by vertically moving the test container 10 with the shaking table 11 under the condition that the test container 10 is filled with water up to 98% of its maximum capacity. Add both amplitudes M of 25 mm ± 5% in the direction and vibrate up and down. The vibration frequency at this time is such that the test container 10 is vibrated so that a specific portion of the bottom surface of the test container 10 jumps from the vibration table by a predetermined amount or more.

  In this vibration test, the jump determination distance from the side wall on which the test container 10 vibrates in the direction shown in FIG. 2 is L0, and the jump determination amount of the bottom surface of the test container 10 at the position of the determination distance L0. Is H0, the condition is that the test container is vibrated for one hour so that the jump determination amount H0 at the determination distance L0 of 100 mm from the side wall is 1.6 mm.

  Thus, in order to perform the vibration test, the clearance between the bottom surface of the test container 10 and the vibration table 11 at the determination distance L0 entering at least 100 mm from the side surface of the test container 10, that is, the jump determination amount H0 is 1.6 mm or more. It is necessary to vibrate the test container 10 until it becomes. As shown in FIG. 2, if the test container 10 vibrates so as to incline to the left in FIG. 2, the test container 10 vibrates around the left side side of the bottom wall 10b as a bottom fulcrum 20, and this The side on the right side opposite to the upper side is raised, and the position of the determination distance L0 is 100 mm from the right side wall surface. If the test container 10 vibrates in the direction opposite to that of FIG. 2, the test container 10 vibrates around the right side of the bottom wall 10b as a bottom fulcrum, and the left side on the opposite side rises. In other words, the position of the determination distance L0 is 100 mm from the left side wall surface. The determination distance L0 is the same when vibrating in a direction perpendicular to the vibration direction shown in FIG.

  It is not easy to measure whether or not the jump amount at the determination distance L0 becomes the jump determination amount H0. Therefore, when the displacement of the contact plate 15 in the vertical direction, that is, the side displacement H1 of the test container 10 becomes the set displacement amount, the jump amount at the determination distance L0 is 1.6 mm which is the jump determination amount H0. To explore.

  As shown in FIG. 2, if the distance from the bottom fulcrum 20 to the contact 17 is L1, and the width dimension in FIG. 2 of the test container 10 is W, based on the jump determination amount H0 and the width dimension W on the bottom surface, The set displacement amount of the side surface displacement H1 is obtained from the relationship of H1 = (L1 × H0) / (W−L0). Therefore, when the side surface displacement H1 becomes the set displacement amount based on the bottom surface jump determination amount H0 and the width dimension W, it can be determined that the test container 10 has jumped by the jump determination amount H0.

  FIG. 3A is a block diagram showing a data recording device that stores and outputs displacement data obtained by the lever-type displacement meter 16, and FIG. 3B is a block diagram showing a shaking table control device.

  Detection signals are sent from the four lever-type displacement gauges 16 as the displacement measuring means to the data recording device main body 21. A signal is sent from the data recording device main body 21 to a constant monitoring device, that is, a monitor 22 and a printer 23. The displacement data is always displayed on the monitor 22, and the displacement data can be printed by operating the printer 23. As described above, the monitor 22 includes a displacement measuring means for measuring the vertical side displacement of the test container 10 from the vibration table 11 based on the signal from the lever-type displacement meter 16, and the side displacement is set displacement. A test frequency exploration means for exploring the test frequency when the quantity is reached is configured.

  The shaking table control device has an operation unit 24 as a shaking table control unit, and an operation panel 25 is connected to the operation unit 24. By operating a switch or key provided on the operation panel 25, ON / OFF of the test apparatus is input. The operon 24 has a frequency control unit that changes the vibration frequency of the vibration actuator 12, and the drive frequency of the vibration actuator 12 is controlled by a signal from the operon 24.

  When performing a vibration test, when a vibration test start is input by a key operation on the operation panel 25, a drive signal is sent to the vibration actuator 12 from an operation unit 24 that controls the operation of the vibration actuator 12. The vibration actuator 12 drives the drive rod 13 so that the reciprocating vibration stroke M is 25 mm ± 5%. The vibration actuator 12 applies a constant frequency to the vibration table 11 for a fixed time and changes the frequency so as to gradually increase every fixed time. Thus, the frequency is increased stepwise. At this time, the side surface displacement H1 is obtained based on the measurement signal from the lever type displacement meter 16. The value of the side displacement H1 is displayed on the monitor 22, and if it is determined by visual observation on the monitor 22 that the side displacement H1 has reached the set displacement amount corresponding to the jump determination amount H0, the frequency at that time is tested. Explored as a frequency. By operating the operation panel 25, the vibration table 11 is continuously vibrated for 1 hour under the searched test frequency.

  If the test container 10 is damaged before the vibration test for 1 hour is completed, the vibration table 11 is stopped by the operator operating the key of the operation panel 25. On the other hand, when it is found from the display on the monitor 22 that the side surface displacement H1 is equal to or less than the set displacement amount under the state where the measurement is started, the operation panel 25 is operated to stop the test time counting. . When the counting is interrupted, the measurement time is continuously counted when the vibration frequency is increased to reach the set displacement amount. When the test time count is interrupted, the monitor 22 displays that state.

  Thus, as shown in FIG. 3, when the value of the side displacement H1 is displayed on the monitor 22 based on the detection signal from the lever-type displacement meter 16 and the vibration actuator 12 is driven by the operation unit 24, the side surface The vibration actuator 12 is driven based on the test frequency search result displayed on the monitor 22 when the operator visually observes the value of the displacement H1.

  On the other hand, based on the signal from the lever-type displacement meter 16, the vibration actuator 12 may be automatically driven by the operation device 24 for a predetermined time.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a test procedure when the vibration test of the test container 10 is performed by the vibration test apparatus described above. A contact plate 15 is fixed in advance to each of the four side walls 10a in the test container 10 for receiving type approval, and the inside of the test container 10 is filled with water. Container information such as the width dimension W and the distance L1 of the test container 10 is input in advance through the operation panel 25. Thus, the test container 10 for which the test preparation is completed is arranged on the vibration table 11.

  When it is input that the operator operates the start switch of the operation panel 25 to start the vibration table 11, a drive signal is sent to the vibration actuator 12, and the vibration table 11 starts at the initial frequency in step S1. Start. Under the state where the start is started, in step S2, the side displacement H1 is measured based on the signal from the lever type displacement meter 16, and the measurement result is displayed on the monitor 22. Next, when the side displacement H1 is not the set displacement amount, the vibration frequency is changed to increase (steps S3 and S4). When the side displacement H1 becomes the set determination amount corresponding to the jump determination amount H0 (1.6 mm) by gradually increasing the vibration frequency, counting of the vibration test time is started based on the frequency at that time (step S5). ). Thus, when the side displacement H1 is measured and the value becomes the set displacement amount, the vibration frequency is the test frequency, and when the test frequency is searched in step S3, the vibration test is executed with the test frequency. . When the vibration test is executed, it is determined whether or not the displacement is set during the vibration test. If it is determined that the vibration test has been performed for a set time (1 hour) under the set displacement state, the vibration table 11 is stopped and the vibration test is completed (steps S7 and S8). On the other hand, if it is determined in step S6 that the set displacement has not occurred during the vibration test, the counting is interrupted (step S4), and the vibration frequency is changed again. When a metal medium-sized container having a maximum capacity of 1000 liters is subjected to a vibration test, the test frequency continuously applied to the container is about 3 Hz.

  In this way, after the shaking table 11 is started, the vibration frequency is gradually increased step by step at regular intervals, and it is determined that the measured value of the side displacement H1 has become the set displacement amount corresponding to the jump determination amount H0. If so, the vibration frequency at that time is searched as a test frequency. The vibration test is continued over the test time with the probed test frequency. On the other hand, if the welded part or fastener of the test container 10 is damaged, the side wall is ruptured, or the liquid inside leaks before the vibration test for 1 hour is finished, the vibration test is stopped and the container Material and weld strength will be reviewed. A medium-sized container that has passed this test can ensure transportation safety even if it contains dangerous goods inside and transports them.

  Since the vibration test apparatus has the four lever-type displacement meters 16, the vibration measurement is started when the side displacement H1 of any of the four side walls 10a reaches the set displacement amount.

  In order to perform the vibration test, it is determined that the gap at the position of the determination distance L0 of the test container 10 has reached the jump determination amount H0 due to vibration when the side displacement H1 is measured and this displacement becomes the set displacement amount. Since the exploration is performed, it is possible to reliably determine the vibration test condition. Since the lever-type displacement meter 16 that is easy to handle using a strain gauge is used for measuring the lateral displacement H1, the lever-type displacement meter 16 can be easily installed on the shaking table 11, and various tests with different sizes can be performed. A vibration test can be continuously performed on the container 10 without providing a long preparation time. However, the displacement measuring means is not limited to the lever-type displacement meter 16, and a laser displacement meter, an eddy current displacement sensor, a linear potentiometer, or the like can also be used.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, the vibration test apparatus of the present invention can perform a vibration test not only on medium-sized containers for containing dangerous substances but also on medium-sized containers of any application as long as they are medium-sized containers.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Test container 10a Side wall 10b Bottom wall 10c Top wall 11 Shaking table 12 Vibration actuator 13 Drive rod 14 Jig 14a Guide rod 15 Contact plate 16 Lever type displacement meter 17 Contact 18 Lever 19 Base 20 Bottom fulcrum 21 Data recording device main body 22 Monitor 23 Printer 24 Opecon 25 Operation panel

Claims (6)

A vibration test method for a container for testing the vibration resistance strength of a container for storing dangerous goods,
A starting step of vibrating the shaking table under a state in which a test container filled with liquid is disposed on a shaking table driven by a vibration actuator with a constant amplitude in the vertical direction;
A displacement measuring step of measuring a vertical side displacement of the side surface on the jumping side from the shaking table when the test vessel vibrates on the shaking table around the bottom fulcrum by the vertical vibration of the shaking table;
A test frequency exploration step of exploring a test frequency when the side displacement becomes a set displacement amount while gradually changing the vibration frequency of the vibration actuator every predetermined time;
Based on the probed the test frequency, have a vibration test step of driving the vibration actuator until the elapse of the test time which is set,
The set displacement amount of the side surface displacement is set based on the jump determination amount on the bottom surface of the test container at the position of a predetermined determination distance from the side surface on the jump side of the test container and the width dimension of the test container. Characteristic container vibration test method. 2. The vibration test method for a container according to claim 1, wherein the amount of jump determination at the position of the determination distance L0 is H0, the width dimension is W, and the contact plate provided on the side surface of the test container in the vertical direction. A container vibration test method , wherein the set displacement amount H1 is obtained by H1 = (L1 × H0) / (W−L0), where L1 is a distance from the contact for measuring the displacement amount to the bottom fulcrum. . A container vibration test apparatus for testing the vibration resistance strength of a container for storing dangerous goods,
A test container filled with a liquid is disposed, and a vibration table driven by a vibration actuator with a constant amplitude in the vertical direction;
A frequency control unit for changing a vibration frequency of the vibration actuator;
Displacement measuring means for measuring the lateral displacement of the side surface on the jumping side from the vibration table when the test container vibrates on the vibration table around the bottom fulcrum by the vertical vibration of the vibration table;
A test frequency exploration means for exploring a test frequency when the side displacement becomes a set displacement amount while gradually changing the vibration frequency of the vibration actuator every predetermined time;
Based on the probed the test frequency, possess an actuator driving means for driving the vibration actuator until the elapse of the test time which is set,
The set displacement amount of the side surface displacement is set based on the jump determination amount on the bottom surface of the test container at the position of a predetermined determination distance from the side surface on the jump side of the test container and the width dimension of the test container. A container vibration testing device. 4. The container vibration test apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the amount of jump determination at the position of the determination distance L0 is H0, the width dimension is W, and the contact plate provided on the side surface of the test container is arranged in the vertical direction. A container vibration test apparatus characterized in that the set displacement amount H1 is obtained by H1 = (L1 × H0) / (W−L0), where L1 is a distance from the contact for measuring the displacement amount to the bottom fulcrum. .   5. The container vibration test apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of the displacement measuring means are provided on the vibration table.   6. The container vibration testing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the displacement measuring means has a distal end in contact with a contact plate provided on a side surface of the test container, and a proximal end portion of the vibration measuring device. A container vibration tester characterized by being a cantilever displacement meter having a lever attached to a base fixed to a base and using a strain gauge for the lever.

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