JP5821415B2 - Electro-optical device and electronic apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for displaying an image for the right eye and an image for the left eye that are given parallax so that an observer perceives a stereoscopic effect.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a frame sequential stereoscopic viewing method that alternately displays a right-eye image and a left-eye image in a time division manner has been proposed. During the period in which one of the right-eye image and the left-eye image changes to the other, the right-eye image and the left-eye image are mixed, so it is difficult for the observer to recognize a clear stereoscopic effect when viewing the image. (Crosstalk). In order to solve the above problem, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a period in which one of the right-eye image and the left-eye image changes to the other (that is, a period in which the right-eye image and the left-eye image are mixed). Discloses a technique in which both the right-eye shutter and the left-eye shutter of the stereoscopic glasses are closed to prevent the observer from seeing an image.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the display period PR for the right eye image and the display period PL for the left eye image are alternately set. Each display period P (PR, PL) is divided into a unit period U1 and a unit period U2. In the unit period U1 in the display period PR, the display image is updated from the left-eye image to the right-eye image, and in the immediately subsequent unit period U2, the right-eye image is displayed. In the unit period U1 in the display period PL, the display image is displayed. The image is updated from the right-eye image to the left-eye image, and the left-eye image is displayed in the immediately subsequent unit period U2. In the unit period U1 of each display period P, both the right-eye shutter and the left-eye shutter are controlled to be closed. Therefore, the mixture of the right eye image and the left eye image is not perceived by the observer.

JP 2009-25436 A

  However, under the technique of Patent Document 1, the period during which an observer can actually view an image is limited to the unit period U2 (that is, about half) of each display period P. Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to ensure sufficient brightness of the display image. In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to improve the brightness of a display image while suppressing the perception of a mixture of a right-eye image and a left-eye image by an observer.

  In order to solve the above problems, an electro-optical device of the present invention is an electro-optical device that alternately displays a right-eye image and a left-eye image for each display period, and includes a plurality of scanning lines and a plurality of scanning lines. A plurality of pixels arranged corresponding to each intersection with a signal line in a column and a gradation potential corresponding to a predetermined gradation in a preparation period within each display period in K row units (K is a natural number of 2 or more). And a driving circuit that supplies each pixel with a gradation potential corresponding to a designated gradation of each pixel in a writing period after the preparation period of each display period. The predetermined gradation is a gradation selected regardless of the content of the display image. Typically, a black gradation (lowest gradation) is preferably selected as the predetermined gradation.

  With the above configuration, since the display gradation of each pixel is set to a predetermined gradation in the preparation period of each display period, it is possible to prevent the right eye image and the left eye image from being mixed (crosstalk). It is. In addition, in the preparation period, a gradation potential corresponding to a predetermined gradation is supplied to each pixel in units of K rows (plural rows). For example, a gradation potential corresponding to a predetermined gradation is applied to each pixel in units of one row. The time length of the preparation period is shortened as compared with the configuration to be supplied. That is, for example, when the time length of each display period is fixed, the writing period in which the gradation potential corresponding to the specified gradation is supplied to each pixel in the display period (that is, the right eye image and the left eye image are displayed). Is set to a relatively long time. Therefore, it is possible to improve the brightness of the display image.

  In a preferred aspect of the present invention, the plurality of scanning lines include first scanning lines and second scanning lines that are alternately arranged, and the driving circuit displays the plurality of scanning lines in a preparation period within each display period. In the first unit period in the writing period of each display period, the first set obtained by dividing a plurality of scanning lines into two adjacent lines is selected in the selection period. In the second unit period after the elapse of the first unit period in the writing period, a scanning line driving circuit that sequentially selects the second scanning line for each selection period, and preparation for each display period For each selection period within the period, a gradation potential corresponding to a predetermined gradation is supplied to each signal line, and the selection period is selected for each selection period of the first unit period within the writing period of each display period. A gradation potential corresponding to the designated gradation of each pixel corresponding to the first scanning line in the first set is supplied to each signal line; For each selection period of 2 unit period, and a signal line driving circuit for supplying a gradation voltage corresponding to the specified gradation to the signal lines of the respective pixels corresponding to the second scanning line selected in the selection period. In the above aspect, since two scanning lines are selected in the first unit period in the writing period and the gradation potential is supplied to each pixel, for example, the scanning lines are sequentially sequentially one by one in the first unit period. Compared with the configuration in which the gradation potential is supplied to each pixel, the time until the display gradation of the plurality of pixels is updated from the predetermined gradation to the gradation corresponding to the display image is shortened ( (A sufficient length of time for which the display image is actually displayed can be ensured.) Although the resolution of the display image decreases in the first unit period, every other one in the second unit period immediately thereafter. Further, since the scanning line is selected and the gradation potential is supplied to each pixel, there is an advantage that a decrease in the resolution of the display image in the first unit period is hardly perceived by the observer.

  In the first aspect of the electro-optical device according to the invention, the scanning line driving circuit is shifted by one from the first set in the third unit period after the second unit period of the writing period of each display period. A second set obtained by dividing a plurality of scanning lines into two adjacent rows is sequentially selected for each selection period, and the signal line driving circuit is selected in the selection period for each selection period of the third unit period. A gradation potential corresponding to the designated gradation of each pixel corresponding to the second scanning line in the second set is supplied to each signal line. A specific example of the first aspect will be described later as the first embodiment, for example.

  In the second aspect of the electro-optical device according to the invention, the scanning line driving circuit stops the selection of each scanning line in the third unit period after the second unit period in the writing period of each display period, The signal line driver circuit stops the supply of the gradation potential to each signal line in the third unit period. A specific example of the second mode will be described later as a second embodiment, for example.

  In the electro-optical device according to the first aspect, the second set of scanning lines is sequentially selected in the third unit period in the writing period, and the gradation potential corresponding to the display image is supplied to each pixel. Therefore, there is an advantage that the fluctuation of the applied voltage of each pixel after the second unit period has elapsed is suppressed as compared with the second mode. On the other hand, the electro-optical device of the second mode has an advantage that the power consumption of the drive circuit is reduced compared to the first mode because the operation of the drive circuit is stopped in the third unit period in the writing period. .

  When the first set is generalized as a set of Q scanning lines (Q is a natural number equal to or greater than 2), the drive circuit selects a plurality of scanning lines for each selection period in units of K rows in the preparation period within each display period. In the first unit period among the Q unit periods in the writing period of each display period, a first set in which a plurality of scanning lines are divided by Q rows adjacent to each other is selected. The scanning lines are sequentially selected every time, and in each of the qth (q = 2 to Q) unit periods in the writing period, the first set of the qth scanning lines is sequentially selected for each selection period. For each selection period within the drive circuit and the preparation period of each display period, a gradation potential corresponding to a predetermined gradation is supplied to each signal line, and the first unit period within the writing period of each display period For each selected period, the level corresponding to the designated gradation of each pixel corresponding to the first scanning line in the first set selected in the selected period. A potential is supplied to each signal line, and for each selection period of the qth unit period, a gradation potential corresponding to the designated gradation of each pixel corresponding to the scanning line selected in the selection period is applied to each signal line. It is expressed as an element including a signal line driver circuit to be supplied.

  An electro-optical device according to a preferred aspect of the present invention is an electro-optical device that displays a right-eye image and a left-eye image stereoscopically viewed with stereoscopic glasses including a right-eye shutter and a left-eye shutter. Thus, both the right-eye shutter and the left-eye shutter are controlled to be closed during a period including at least a part of the preparation period of each display period, and at least one of the writing periods within the right-eye image display period is controlled. The left-eye shutter is controlled to be in an open state and the left-eye shutter is controlled to be in a closed state during a period including the portion, and left in a period including at least a part of the writing period within the display period for the left-eye image. The eyeglass control circuit controls the eye shutter to the open state and controls the right eye shutter to the closed state.

  The electro-optical device according to each aspect described above is employed in various electronic apparatuses as a display body. For example, a stereoscopic display device including the electro-optical device according to each of the above aspects and stereoscopic glasses controlled by the glasses control circuit is exemplified as the electronic apparatus of the present invention.

1 is a block diagram of a stereoscopic display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a circuit diagram of a pixel circuit. It is explanatory drawing of operation | movement of a stereoscopic display apparatus. It is explanatory drawing of operation | movement of a scanning line drive circuit. It is explanatory drawing of operation | movement of the stereoscopic display apparatus in 2nd Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing of the operation | movement in a modification. It is a perspective view of an electronic device (projection type display device). It is a perspective view of an electronic device (personal computer). It is a perspective view of an electronic device (cellular phone). It is explanatory drawing of the stereoscopic vision movement operation | movement in a prior art.

<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a stereoscopic display apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The stereoscopic display device 100 is an electronic device that displays a stereoscopic image that makes an observer perceive a stereoscopic effect using an active shutter system, and includes an electro-optical device 10 and stereoscopic glasses 20. The electro-optical device 10 alternately displays the right-eye image GR and the left-eye image GL to which parallax is given in a time-division manner.

  The stereoscopic glasses 20 are glasses-type instruments worn by an observer when viewing a stereoscopic image displayed by the electro-optical device 10, and include a right-eye shutter 22 and a left-eye positioned in front of the observer's right eye. And a shutter 24 for the left eye located in front of the camera. Each of the right-eye shutter 22 and the left-eye shutter 24 is controlled to an open state (transmission state) that transmits the irradiation light and a closed state (blocking state) that blocks the irradiation light. For example, a liquid crystal shutter that changes from one of the open state and the closed state to the other by changing the alignment direction of the liquid crystal according to the applied voltage can be employed as the right-eye shutter 22 and the left-eye shutter 24.

  The electro-optical device 10 in FIG. 1 includes an electro-optical panel 12 and a control circuit 14. The electro-optical panel 12 includes a pixel unit 30 in which a plurality of pixels (pixel circuits) PIX are arranged, and a drive circuit 40 that drives each pixel PIX. In the pixel unit 30, M scanning lines 32 extending in the x direction and N signal lines 34 extending in the y direction intersecting the x direction are formed (M and N are natural numbers). A plurality of pixels PIX in the pixel unit 30 are arranged in a matrix of vertical M rows × horizontal N columns corresponding to each intersection of the scanning lines 32 and the signal lines 34.

  The drive circuit 40 is a circuit that supplies a gradation potential X [n] (n = 1 to N) that defines the display gradation of each pixel PIX to each pixel PIX, and includes a scanning line drive circuit 42 and a signal line drive circuit. 44. The scanning line driving circuit 42 sequentially selects the scanning lines 32 by supplying the scanning signals Y [1] to Y [M] corresponding to the scanning lines 32. The scanning signal Y [m] (m = 1 to M) is set to a predetermined selection potential, whereby the m-th row scanning line 32 is selected. The signal line driving circuit 44 supplies gradation potentials X [1] to X [N] to each of the N signal lines 34 in synchronization with the selection of the scanning line 32 by the scanning line driving circuit 42.

  FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of each pixel PIX. As shown in FIG. 2, each pixel PIX includes a liquid crystal element CL and a selection switch SW. The liquid crystal element CL is an electro-optical element composed of a pixel electrode 62 and a common electrode 64 facing each other and a liquid crystal 66 between the two electrodes. The transmittance (display gradation) of the liquid crystal 66 changes according to the voltage applied between the pixel electrode 62 and the common electrode 64. The selection switch SW is composed of an N-channel type thin film transistor whose gate is connected to the scanning line 32, and is interposed between the liquid crystal element CL and the signal line 34 to establish electrical connection (conduction / insulation) between them. Control. By setting the scanning signal Y [m] to the selection potential, the selection switch SW in each pixel PIX in the m-th row is simultaneously turned on. Each pixel PIX (liquid crystal element CL) displays a gradation corresponding to the gradation potential X [n] of the signal line 34 when the selection switch SW is controlled to be in an ON state (that is, when the scanning line 32 is selected). . A configuration in which an auxiliary capacitor is connected in parallel to the liquid crystal element CL can also be adopted.

  The control circuit 14 in FIG. 1 includes a display control circuit 142 that controls the electro-optical panel 12 and a glasses control circuit 144 that controls the stereoscopic glasses 20. Note that a configuration in which the display control circuit 142 and the glasses control circuit 144 are mounted on a single integrated circuit, or a configuration in which the display control circuit 142 and the glasses control circuit 144 are distributed in separate integrated circuits may be employed. The display control circuit 142 controls the drive circuit 40 so that the right-eye image GR and the left-eye image GL to which parallax is given are displayed on the pixel unit 30 in a time-sharing manner.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the electro-optical device 10. As shown in FIG. 3, the operation period of the electro-optical device 10 is divided into a plurality of display periods P (a right-eye display period PR and a left-eye display period PL). The right-eye image GR is displayed on the pixel unit 30 in the right-eye display period PR, and the left-eye image GL is displayed on the pixel unit 30 in the left-eye display period PL. The right eye display period PR and the left eye display period PL are alternately arranged on the time axis. Each display period P (PR, PL) includes a preparation period S and a writing period W. The writing period W is a period subsequent to the preparation period, and is divided into three unit periods U (U1, U2, Ue). The unit period U2 follows the unit period U1, and the unit period UE follows the unit period U2. The preparation period S and each of the three unit periods U are set to substantially the same time length.

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the scanning line driving circuit 42 in each display period P (PR, PL). As shown in FIG. 4, in the preparation period S of each display period P, the scanning line driving circuit 42 divides the M rows of scanning lines 32 into two adjacent rows (hereinafter “first set”). Are sequentially selected every selection period H. The first set is one row of even-numbered rows (second k rows) and one row of odd-numbered rows (th (2k-1) rows) adjacent to the scan line 32 on the negative side in the y direction. Scanning line 32. The scanning line driving circuit 42 sets the scanning signal Y [2k-1] and the scanning signal Y [2k] to the selection potential in one selection period H within the preparation period S, thereby setting the first set of two rows. The scanning lines 32 are selected simultaneously. For example, in the first selection period H in the preparation period S, the two scanning lines 32 of the first row and the second row are selected at the same time, and in the second selection period H in the preparation period S, the third row is selected. And the two scanning lines 32 in the fourth row are selected simultaneously.

  In the unit period U1 in the writing period W in each display period P, the scanning line driving circuit 42 sequentially selects the first set for each selection period H as in the operation in the preparation period S. That is, the scanning line driving circuit 42 sets the scanning signal Y [2k-1] and the scanning signal Y [2k] to the selection potential in one selection period H within the unit period U1, thereby setting the first set of 2 Row scanning lines 32 are selected simultaneously. For example, in the first selection period H in the unit period U1, a total of two scanning lines 32 of the first row and the second row are simultaneously selected, and in the second selection period H in the unit period U1, the third row is selected. A total of two scanning lines 32 of the fourth row are simultaneously selected.

  In the unit period U2 in the writing period W of each display period P, the scanning line driving circuit 42 sequentially selects the M scanning lines 32 every other selection period H as shown in FIG. . That is, one scanning line 32 of the first set of two scanning lines 32 is sequentially selected in the unit period U2. Specifically, the scanning line driving circuit 42 sets the scanning signal Y [2k] to the selection potential in one selection period H within the unit period U2, thereby setting the scanning lines 32 in even rows for each selection period H. Select sequentially. For example, the second row scanning line 32 is selected in the first selection period H in the unit period U2, and the fourth row scanning line 32 is selected in the second selection period H in the unit period U2. . The odd-numbered scanning lines 32 are not selected in the unit period U2.

  In the unit period UE in the writing period W of each display period P, as shown in FIG. 4, the scanning line driving circuit 42 adjoins the M scanning lines 32 in a combination different from the first set. Each of a plurality of groups (hereinafter referred to as “second group”) divided into two rows is sequentially selected every selection period H. The second set consists of one scanning line 32 in an even numbered row (second k row) and one odd number row ((2k + 1) th row) adjacent to the scanning line 32 on the positive side in the y direction. Scanning line 32. That is, the first set and the second set have a relationship shifted in the y direction by one line. The scanning line driving circuit 42 sets the scanning signal Y [2k] and the scanning signal Y [2k + 1] to the selection potential in one selection period H in the unit period UE, thereby setting the second set of two lines. The scanning lines 32 are selected simultaneously. For example, a total of two scanning lines 32 in the second row and the third row are simultaneously selected in the first selection period H in the unit period UE, and the fourth selection line H in the second selection period H in the unit period UE. A total of two scanning lines 32 in the row and the fifth row are selected simultaneously. In the description of the first embodiment, for the sake of convenience, the case where the first row scanning line 32 is not selected within the unit period UE is exemplified. However, the first row scanning line 32 is changed during the unit period UE. It is also possible to select.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the signal line drive circuit 44 applies the gradation potentials X [1] to X [N] corresponding to the predetermined gradation G0 in the preparation period S in each display period P (PR, PL). While being supplied to the signal line 34, the gradation potentials X [1] to X [N] corresponding to the right-eye image GR are supplied to each signal line 34 in the writing period W within the right-eye display period PR. In the writing period W within the left-eye display period PL, gradation potentials X [1] to X [N] corresponding to the left-eye image GL are supplied to each signal line 34. The predetermined gradation G0 is a gradation selected regardless of the designated gradation of each pixel PIX in the right eye image GR and the left eye image GL. Specifically, the black gradation (lowest gradation) is preferably selected as the predetermined gradation G0.

  The signal line driving circuit 44 sequentially inverts the polarity of each gradation potential X [n] with respect to a predetermined reference potential so that the polarity of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal element CL of each pixel PIX is periodically inverted. FIG. 3 illustrates the time change of the polarity (writing polarity) of each gradation potential X [n] with respect to a predetermined reference potential (for example, the potential of the common electrode 64). Since the gradation potential X [n] is supplied to the pixel electrode 62 of the liquid crystal element CL, the writing polarity illustrated in FIG. 3 can be regarded as the polarity of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal element CL. As shown in FIG. 3, the signal line drive circuit 44 has a gradation potential X [n] (in the preparation period S, the unit period UE, the unit period U1, and the unit period U2 in each display period P (PR, PL). The polarity of the applied voltage of the liquid crystal element CL is set to a reverse polarity, and the polarity of the gradation potential X [n] in the preparation period S and each unit period U is set to the right-eye display period PR and the left-eye display period. Set to reverse polarity with PL. Specifically, the gradation potential X [n] is set to be positive (+) in the preparation period S and the unit period UE in the right-eye display period PR, and in the unit period U1 and the unit period U2. Negative polarity (−) is set, negative polarity is set in the preparation period S and the unit period UE in the left eye display period PL, and positive polarity is set in the unit period U1 and the unit period U2. .

  In each selection period H within the preparation period S of each display period P (PR, PL), the signal line driving circuit 44 applies common gradation potentials X [1] to X [N] corresponding to the predetermined gradation G0. This is supplied to each signal line 34. Therefore, in each selection period H within the preparation period S, as shown in the part (R0) and the part (L0) in FIG. 3, the first set of (2k-1) th rows selected by the scanning line driving circuit 42. The common gradation potential X [n] corresponding to the predetermined gradation G0 is supplied to each pixel PIX in the 2k row. That is, in the preparation period S, the gradation potential X [n] corresponding to the predetermined gradation G0 is sequentially supplied to each pixel PIX in units of two rows (every first set). For example, in the first selection period H in the preparation period S, the gradation potential X [n] corresponding to the predetermined gradation G0 is supplied to the pixels PIX in the first row and the second row, and the second In the selection period H, the gradation potential X [n] corresponding to the predetermined gradation G0 is supplied to each pixel PIX in the third row and the fourth row.

  The operation of the signal line driving circuit 44 in the writing period W in each display period P will be described below. In the unit period U1 in the writing period W of the right eye display period PR, the selection period H in which the two scanning lines 32 of the (2k-1) th row and the 2kth row constituting the first set are selected. Then, the signal line drive circuit 44 outputs the gradation potential X [n] corresponding to the designated gradation GR [2k-1] of each pixel PIX of the (2k-1) th row in the right eye image GR to each signal. Supply to line 34. Therefore, as shown in the part (R1) of FIG. 3, each pixel PIX in the (2k-1) th row and the 2kth row has a specified gradation GR [2k-1] of the pixel PIX in the (2k-1) th row. ] Is commonly supplied with gradation potential X [n]. For example, in the first selection period H in the unit period U1, the gradation potential X [n] corresponding to the designated gradation GR [1] of each pixel PIX in the first row in the right eye image GR is the first. The gray level corresponding to the designated gray level GR [3] of each pixel PIX in the third row of the right eye image GR in the second selection period H is supplied to the pixels PIX in the first row and the second row. The potential X [n] is supplied to each pixel PIX in the third row and the fourth row. As described above, since the common gradation potential X [n] is supplied to the two pixels PIX adjacent to each other in the y direction in the unit period U1, the resolution in the y direction is reached when the unit period U1 ends. Is displayed on the pixel unit 30.

  In the selection period H in which the 2k-th scanning line 32 is selected in the unit period U2 in the writing period W of the right-eye display period PR, the signal line driving circuit 44 includes the first in the right-eye image GR. A gradation potential X [n] corresponding to the designated gradation GR [2k] of each pixel PIX corresponding to the 2k rows of scanning lines 32 is supplied to each signal line 34. For example, as shown in the part (R2) of FIG. 3, in the first selection period H within the unit period U2, the designated gradation GR [2] of each pixel PIX in the second row of the right-eye image GR. Is supplied to each pixel PIX in the second row, and in the second selection period H, the designated gradation GR of each pixel PIX in the fourth row in the right-eye image GR. The gradation potential X [n] corresponding to [4] is supplied to each pixel PIX in the fourth row. On the other hand, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal element CL in each pixel PIX in the odd-numbered rows is held at the set voltage in the immediately preceding unit period U1. Therefore, the right-eye image GR displayed at half the resolution in the y direction at the end point of the unit period U1 is the right-eye image having the desired resolution (vertical M rows × horizontal N columns) at the end point of the unit period U2. Updated to GR.

  In the selection period H in which the two scanning lines 32 of the 2k row and the (2k + 1) th row constituting the second set in the unit period UE within the writing period W of the right eye display period PR are selected. The signal line drive circuit 44 supplies to each signal line 34 the gradation potential X [n] corresponding to the designated gradation GR [2k] corresponding to each pixel PIX in the 2k row in the right eye image GR. . Therefore, as shown in the part (R3) of FIG. 3, each pixel PIX in the 2k row and the (2k + 1) row constituting the second set has a specified gradation GR [ The gradation potential X [n] corresponding to 2k] is supplied in common. For example, in the first selection period H in the unit period UE, the gradation potential X [n] corresponding to the designated gradation GR [2] of each pixel PIX in the second row in the right eye image GR is the first. The gray level corresponding to the designated gray level GR [4] of each pixel PIX in the fourth row of the right eye image GR in the second selection period H is supplied to the pixels PIX in the second row and the third row. The potential X [n] is supplied to each pixel PIX in the fourth row and the fifth row. In the configuration in which the first row is selected in the unit period UE, for example, the gradation potential X [n] of a predetermined potential (for example, a potential corresponding to the halftone) is selected in the selection period H in which the first row is selected. The signal line 34 is supplied.

  In the above description, the operation within the writing period W of the right eye display period PR has been described. However, the signal line drive circuit 44 operates in the same manner even during the writing period W within the left eye display period PL. That is, each selection period H in the unit period U1 in the writing period W of the left eye display period PL is composed of the (2k-1) th and 2kth rows as shown in the part (L1) of FIG. The gradation potential X [n] corresponding to the designated gradation GL [2k-1] of each pixel PIX in the (2k-1) th row is supplied to the first set of pixels PIX. Further, in each selection period H within the unit period U2, as shown in the part (L2) of FIG. 3, the gradation corresponding to the designated gradation GL [2k] of the pixel PIX for each pixel PIX in the second k row. A potential X [n] is supplied. Then, in each selection period H within the unit period UE, as shown in the part (L3) of FIG. 3, the second set of pixels PIX composed of the 2kth row and the (2k + 1) th row have the secondkth row. Specified gradation GL [2k] is supplied.

  The eyeglass control circuit 144 of the control circuit 14 in FIG. 1 synchronizes each state (open state / closed state) of the right eye shutter 22 and the left eye shutter 24 of the stereoscopic eyeglasses 20 with the operation of the electro-optical panel 12. And control. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the glasses control circuit 144 closes both the right-eye shutter 22 and the left-eye shutter 24 in the preparation period S of each display period P (PR, PL). Control. In addition, the glasses control circuit 144 controls the right-eye shutter 22 to the open state and the left-eye shutter 24 to the closed state during the writing period W within the right-eye display period PR, and displays the left-eye display. In the writing period W within the period PL, the left-eye shutter 24 is controlled to be opened and the right-eye shutter 22 is controlled to be closed.

  Accordingly, the right-eye image GR displayed in the writing period W within the right-eye display period PR passes through the right-eye shutter 22 and reaches the observer's right eye and is blocked by the left-eye shutter 24. The On the other hand, the left-eye image GL displayed in the writing period W within the left-eye display period PL passes through the left-eye shutter 24 and reaches the left eye of the observer and is blocked by the right-eye shutter 22. The By viewing the right-eye image GR that has passed through the right-eye shutter 22 with the right eye and the left-eye image GL that has passed through the left-eye shutter 24 with the left eye, the observer can see a stereoscopic effect on the display image. Perceive.

  In the first embodiment described above, in the preparation period S of each display period P, the display gradation of each pixel PIX is controlled to a predetermined gradation G0 unrelated to the right eye image GR and the left eye image GL. Therefore, mixing of the right eye image GR and the left eye image GL (crosstalk) does not occur. That is, since the right-eye image GR and the left-eye image GL are reliably separated into the right eye and the left eye, the observer can perceive a clear stereoscopic effect.

  In the preparation period S of each display period P, the gradation potential X [n] corresponding to the predetermined gradation G0 is supplied to each pixel PIX in units of two rows. Accordingly, the time length of the preparation period S (that is, the right-eye shutter 22 and the left-eye shutter 24 is compared with the configuration in which the gradation potential X [n] of the predetermined gradation G0 is supplied to each pixel PIX in units of one row. The time length during which both should be kept closed is shortened. That is, a sufficient length of time during which the right-eye shutter 22 or the left-eye shutter 24 can be kept open in each display period P is ensured. Therefore, it is possible to improve the brightness of the display image recognized by the observer.

  In the first embodiment, two scanning lines 32 are selected in the unit period U1 within the writing period W of each display period P, and the gradation potential X [n] is supplied to each pixel PIX. Therefore, for example, the display gradation of the pixels PIX for M rows is predetermined as compared with the configuration in which the scanning lines 32 are selected one by one in the unit period U1 and the gradation potential X [n] is supplied to each pixel PIX. There is an advantage that the time from the gradation G0 to the update to the gradation corresponding to the display image (GR, GL) is shortened. In the unit period U1 of each display period P, the resolution in the y direction of the display image is reduced. However, in the immediately subsequent unit period U2, the gradation potential X [n] is supplied to each pixel PIX in the 2k-th row. The decrease in the resolution of the display image in the unit period U1 is hardly recognized by the observer.

Second Embodiment
A second embodiment of the present invention will be described below. In addition, about the element which an effect | action and a function are equivalent to 1st Embodiment in each form illustrated below, each reference detailed in the above description is diverted and each detailed description is abbreviate | omitted suitably.

  FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the second embodiment. In the first embodiment, the gradation potential X [n] is supplied to each pixel PIX every second set in the unit period UE within the writing period W of each display period P. On the other hand, in the second embodiment, as shown in the part (R3) and the part (L3) in FIG. 5, the drive circuit 40 is used in the unit period UE within the writing period W in each display period P (PR, PL). Stops supplying the gradation potential X [n] to each pixel PIX. That is, in the unit period UE of each display period P, the scanning line driving circuit 42 stops selecting each scanning line 32, and the signal line driving circuit 44 determines the gradation potentials X [1] to X [N] for each signal line 34. ] Is stopped. Therefore, in each unit period UE, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal element CL of each pixel PIX is held at the immediately preceding write voltage. The operations in the preparation period S, the unit period U1, and the unit period U2 are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  In the second embodiment, the same effect as in the first embodiment is realized. In the second embodiment, since the operation of the drive circuit 40 stops in the unit period UE of each display period P, the first embodiment supplies the gradation potential X [n] to each pixel PIX in the unit period UE. There is an advantage that the power consumption of the drive circuit 40 is reduced as compared with the above.

  In the second embodiment, in the unit period UE in which the supply of the gradation potential X [n] to each pixel PIX is stopped, for example, due to current leakage in the selection switch SW, the applied voltage (and thus each of the liquid crystal elements CL). There is a possibility that the display gradation of the pixel PIX will change over time. In the first embodiment, since the gradation potential X [n] is supplied to each pixel PIX even in the unit period UE, the variation in the applied voltage of the liquid crystal element CL in the unit period UE is suppressed compared to the second embodiment. Is done. Therefore, the first embodiment is suitable from the viewpoint of controlling the voltage applied to the liquid crystal element CL with high accuracy.

<Modification>
Each of the above forms can be variously modified. Specific modifications are exemplified below. Two or more aspects arbitrarily selected from the following examples can be appropriately combined within a range that does not contradict each other.

(1) In the first embodiment, the specified gradations (GR [2k], GL [2k]) of the even rows are supplied to the second set of pixels PIX in the unit period UE of each display period P. The operation of the drive circuit 40 in the UE is not limited to the above example. For example, the scanning lines 32 are sequentially selected for each first set in the unit period UE, and the level corresponding to the specified gradation (GR [2k-1], GL [2k-1]) of each pixel PIX in the odd-numbered row. A configuration in which the adjusted potential X [n] is supplied to each signal line 34, or the odd-numbered scanning lines 32 are sequentially selected in the unit period UE, and the gradation potential corresponding to the designated gradation of each pixel PIX in the odd-numbered row A configuration for supplying X [n] to each signal line 34 may also be employed. The unit period UE can be omitted.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the gradation potential X [n] is supplied to each pixel PIX of the first set in the unit period U1, and the gradation potential X [n] is applied to each pixel PIX in the even row in the unit period U2. However, the method of supplying the gradation potential X [n] to each pixel PIX in the writing period W is not limited to the above example. For example, it is possible to sequentially select the scanning lines 32 row by row in the writing period W and supply the gradation potential X [n] corresponding to the designated gradation of each pixel PIX to each signal line 34.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the gradation potential X [n] corresponding to the specified gradation (GR [2k-1], GL [2k-1]) of the odd-numbered row ((2k-1) th row) is applied to the unit period U1. Are supplied to the first set of pixels PIX, and the gradation potential X [n] corresponding to the specified gradation (GR [2k], GL [2k]) of the even-numbered row (2k row) is supplied to the unit period U2. Are supplied to the pixels PIX in the even rows, but in each of the pixels PIX (odd rows / even rows) to which the gradation potential X [n] is supplied in the unit period U2, and in each of the unit periods U1 and U2. The designated gradation (odd / even lines) reflected in the gradation potential X [n] is not limited to the above example. For example, the gradation potential X [n] corresponding to the specified gradation (GR [2k], GL [2k]) of the even-numbered row (second k row) is supplied to the first set of pixels PIX in the unit period U1. The gradation potential X [n] corresponding to the specified gradation (GR [2k-1], GL [2k-1]) of the odd-numbered row ((2k-1) th row) is applied to the odd-numbered row in the unit period U2. It is also possible to supply each pixel PIX. In the unit period UE, for example, a gradation potential X [n] corresponding to a specified gradation (GR [2k-1], GL [2k-1]) in an odd row is supplied to each pixel PIX in the second set.

  In each of the above embodiments, the (2k-1) th and 2kk rows are the first set and the 2k and (2k + 1) th rows are the second set. The classification method is changed as appropriate. For example, a configuration in which the 2nd row and the (2k + 1) th row are the first set and the (2k-1) th row and the 2nd row are the second set is also employed. That is, in the unit period U1, the gradation potential X [n] is supplied to the first set of pixels PIX in the 2k row and the (2k + 1) row, and in the unit period U2, gradation is applied to each pixel PIX in the odd rows. A potential X [n] is supplied.

  As understood from the above description, the operation in the writing period W in each display period P is an operation of supplying the gradation potential X [n] corresponding to the designated gradation of each pixel PIX to each pixel PIX. The order and number of times of supply of the gradation potential X [n] to each pixel PIX are arbitrary.

(2) In each of the above embodiments, the case where the gradation potential X [n] is not supplied to each pixel PIX in the first row in the unit period UE is illustrated for convenience. A gradation potential X [n] corresponding to a specified gradation (GR [1], GL [1]) of a row or a gradation potential X [n] corresponding to a predetermined gradation (for example, black gradation or halftone) It is also possible to supply

(3) In each of the above-described embodiments, the scanning line 32 is selected in units of two (every first set) in the preparation period S of each display period P, and the gradation potential X [n] is supplied to each pixel PIX. The number of scanning lines 32 simultaneously selected in the preparation period S (hereinafter referred to as “simultaneous selection number”) is appropriately changed. Specifically, the number of simultaneous selections in the preparation period S can be made different from the number of simultaneous selections of the scanning lines 32 in each selection period H of the unit period U1. For example, a configuration in which three or more scanning lines 32 are selected in the preparation period S in units of the selection period H, or a configuration in which all (M) scanning lines 32 are simultaneously selected in the preparation period S is also employed. obtain. That is, in the operation in the preparation period S in each display period P, the gradation potential X [n] corresponding to the predetermined gradation G0 is applied to each pixel PIX in K row units (K is a natural number of 2 or more and M or less). It is included as an operation to supply. The first embodiment and the second embodiment correspond to a form in which the simultaneous selection number K is set to 2.

  However, assuming a configuration in which the length of each selection period H is shared between the preparation period S and the unit period U1, the number of simultaneous selections in the preparation period S and the number of simultaneous selections in the unit period U1 are made different. In this case, it is necessary to make the time length of the preparation period S different from the time length of the unit period U1. In the first embodiment in which the number of simultaneous selections in the preparation period S and the number of simultaneous selections in the unit period U1 are equal, the time length of the preparation period S and the time length of the unit period U1 (in addition to the unit period U2 and the unit period UE) Therefore, the operation of the drive circuit 40 in each display period P (control processing of the drive circuit 40 by the display control circuit 142) can be simplified.

  Further, for example, in the configuration in which M scanning lines 32 are simultaneously selected in the preparation period S and the gradation potential X [n] of the predetermined gradation G0 is supplied to all the pixels PIX all at once, the display floor of each pixel PIX is displayed. The time length from when the key is set to the predetermined gradation G0 in the preparation period S to when it is changed to the specified gradation of the display image within the writing period W is different for each line (from the first line to the Mth line). Therefore, there is a possibility that a gradation unevenness in the y direction is generated in the display image in which the gradation decreases as the distance from the first row to the Mth row decreases. According to the configuration in which the scanning lines 32 are selected in units of two in the preparation period S as in each of the above-described embodiments, the writing period W is set after each pixel PIX is set to the predetermined gradation G0 in the preparation period S. Since the time length until the designated gradation is changed is made uniform over M rows, there is an advantage that the above-mentioned gradation unevenness in the y direction can be prevented.

(4) The number of simultaneously selected scanning lines 32 in the writing period W (unit period U1) is not limited to two. For example, when the M rows of scanning lines 32 are divided into a first set in units of three adjacent to each other, as shown in FIG. 6, three unit periods U1 to U3 are included in the writing period W of the display period P. Is set. In the unit period U1, M rows of scanning lines 32 are sequentially selected in the first set unit (3 units), and each of the three lines in the selected first set corresponds to the first scanning line 32. A gradation potential X [n] corresponding to the designated gradation of the pixel PIX is supplied to each signal line 34. In the unit period U2, the second scanning line 32 of the first set of three lines is sequentially selected (that is, every second scanning line 32 is selected) and corresponds to the selected scanning line 32. A gradation potential X [n] corresponding to the designated gradation of each pixel PIX is supplied to each signal line 34. In the unit period U3, the third scanning line 32 of the first set of three lines is sequentially selected (every two scanning lines 32 are selected) and corresponds to the selected scanning line 32. A gradation potential X [n] corresponding to the designated gradation of each pixel PIX is supplied to each signal line 34.

  As understood from the above examples, when the number of first scanning lines 32 selected in the unit period U1 (the number of simultaneous selections) is generalized to Q (Q is a natural number of 2 or more and M or less). In the writing period W of each display period P, Q unit periods U1 to UQ are set. The operation of the driving circuit 40 in the first unit period U1 in the writing period W is performed by sequentially selecting the first set obtained by dividing the M scanning lines 32 by Q for each selection period H. The gradation potential X [n] corresponding to the designated gradation of each pixel PIX corresponding to the first scanning line 32 of the first set of Q scanning lines 32 selected by H is applied to each signal line 34. It is included as an operation to supply. The operation of the drive circuit 40 in the q-th (q = 2 to Q) unit period Uq in the writing period W is the q-th scanning line 32 of the first set of Q scanning lines 32. Are sequentially selected for each selection period H, and a gradation potential X [n] corresponding to the designated gradation of each pixel PIX corresponding to the scanning line 32 selected in each selection period H is supplied to each signal line 34. Comprehensive as an action.

  FIG. 6 illustrates the case where the unit period UE in the writing period W is omitted, but a second set (set of Q scanning lines 32 adjacent to each other) that is different from the first set is shown. The unit period UE of the first embodiment that sequentially selects and supplies the gradation potential X [n] to each pixel PIX and the second embodiment that stops the supply of the gradation potential X [n] to each pixel PIX. The unit period UE can also be set after the Q unit periods U1 to UQ of the writing period W have elapsed.

(5) The drive circuit 40 can execute overdrive (overvoltage drive) in which an overvoltage exceeding the target voltage corresponding to the designated gradation is applied to the liquid crystal element CL of each pixel PIX. Specifically, overdrive is executed in the unit period U1 of each display period P (PR, PL). For example, as shown in FIG. 10, overdrive is executed in the unit period U1 of each display period P under a configuration in which the display image is directly updated from one of the right-eye image GR and the left-eye image GL to the other. In this case, two adjacent display images are compared, and only the pixel PIX whose display gradation needs to be greatly changed compared to the immediately preceding display image is subject to overdrive (hereinafter “configuration A”). Is assumed). However, in the configuration A, a storage circuit (frame memory) for storing two adjacent display images is necessary. In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the right-eye image GR or the right eye image GR in the writing period W after the display gradation of each pixel PIX is controlled to the predetermined gradation G0 in the preparation period S in each display period P. Since the image is updated to the left eye image GL, it is not necessary to compare two display images that follow each other during overdrive. Therefore, the configuration in which the drive circuit 40 performs overdrive under the first and second embodiments has an advantage that the configuration (frame memory) necessary for overdrive of each pixel PIX is simplified. .

(6) In each of the above-described embodiments, the right-eye shutter 22 is changed from the closed state to the open state at the end of the preparation period S in the right-eye display period PR. The timing for changing to the open state is appropriately changed. For example, the configuration in which the right-eye shutter 22 is changed to the open state before the end point of the preparation period S of the right-eye display period PR, or the right-eye shutter 22 is set after the end point of the preparation period S of the right-eye display period PR. A configuration for changing to an open state may also be employed. Similarly, a configuration in which the timing for changing the shutter 22 for the right eye from the open state to the closed state is set before the end point of the writing period W or a configuration in which the timing is set after the end point of the writing period W is also employed. When the right-eye shutter 22 is controlled from the closed state to the open state or when the right-eye shutter 22 is controlled from the open state to the closed state, the observer perceives the mixture of the left-eye image GL and the predetermined gradation G0 in the preparation period S. It is selected in consideration of various factors such as the degree to which it is permitted and the relationship between the response characteristics of the stereoscopic glasses 20 and the response characteristics of the electro-optical panel 12. In the above description, the right-eye shutter 22 is referred to. However, the same situation applies to the opening / closing timing of the left-eye shutter 24.

  As can be understood from the above description, the period during which the right-eye shutter 22 is maintained in the open state is a period including at least a part of the writing period W of the right-eye display period PR (of the immediately preceding preparation period S). Whether or not it includes a part of the tail or the head of the immediately following preparation period S is included. Similarly, the period in which the left-eye shutter 24 is controlled to be in the open state includes a period including at least a part of the writing period W of the left-eye display period PL (a part at the end of the immediately preceding preparation period S or immediately after Whether or not the head of the preparation period S is included is not included). In addition, the period during which both the right-eye shutter 22 and the left-eye shutter 24 are controlled to be closed is a period that includes at least a part of the preparation period S in each display period P (PR, PL) Whether or not it includes a part at the end of the inclusion period W and a part at the beginning of the immediately following writing period W).

(7) The predetermined gradation G0 is not limited to the black gradation (lowest gradation). For example, it is possible to select halftone or white gradation (highest gradation) as the predetermined gradation G0. However, when the high gradation side gradation (halftone or white gradation) is set to the predetermined gradation G0, the black gradation of the display image is perceived as a bright gradation and the contrast of the display image recognized by the observer is lowered. there's a possibility that. Therefore, the gradation on the lower gradation side (typically black gradation) is suitable as the predetermined gradation G0.

(8) The electro-optic element is not limited to the liquid crystal element CL. For example, an electrophoretic element can be used as an electro-optical element. That is, the potential optical element is included as a display element whose optical characteristics (for example, transmittance) change according to an electrical action (for example, application of voltage).

<Application example>
The electro-optical device 10 exemplified in the above embodiments can be used in various electronic apparatuses. 7 to 9 exemplify specific forms of electronic devices that employ the electro-optical device 10.

  FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a projection display device (three-plate projector) 4000 to which the electro-optical device 10 is applied. The projection display device 4000 includes three electro-optical devices 10 (10R, 10G, and 10B) corresponding to different display colors (red, green, and blue). The illumination optical system 4001 supplies the red component r of the light emitted from the illumination device (light source) 4002 to the electro-optical device 10R, the green component g to the electro-optical device 10G, and the blue component b to the electro-optical device 10B. To supply. Each electro-optical device 10 functions as a light modulator (light valve) that modulates each monochromatic light supplied from the illumination optical system 4001 according to a display image. The projection optical system 4003 synthesizes the emitted light from each electro-optical device 10 and projects it onto the projection surface 4004. The observer visually recognizes the stereoscopic image projected on the projection surface 4004 with the stereoscopic glasses 20 (not shown in FIG. 7).

  FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a portable personal computer employing the electro-optical device 10. The personal computer 2000 includes an electro-optical device 10 that displays various images, and a main body 2010 on which a power switch 2001 and a keyboard 2002 are installed.

  FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a mobile phone to which the electro-optical device 10 is applied. The cellular phone 3000 includes a plurality of operation buttons 3001, scroll buttons 3002, and the electro-optical device 10 that displays various images. By operating the scroll button 3002, the screen displayed on the electro-optical device 10 is scrolled.

  Note that electronic devices to which the electro-optical device according to the present invention is applied include, in addition to the devices illustrated in FIGS. 7 to 9, personal digital assistants (PDAs), digital still cameras, televisions, video cameras, Car navigation devices, in-vehicle displays (instrument panels), electronic notebooks, electronic paper, calculators, word processors, workstations, videophones, POS terminals, printers, scanners, copiers, video players, devices with touch panels, etc. Can be mentioned.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Stereoscopic display apparatus, 10 ... Electro-optical device, 12 ... Electro-optical panel, 14 ... Control circuit, 142 ... Display control circuit, 144 ... Glasses control circuit, 20 ... Stereoscopic glasses 22 …… Right eye shutter, 24 …… Left eye shutter, 30 …… Pixel part, PIX …… Pixel, CL …… Liquid crystal element, SW …… Select switch, 32 …… Scanning line, 34 …… Signal line , 40... Drive circuit, 42... Scanning line drive circuit, 44.

Claims (3)

An electro-optical device that alternately displays an image for the right eye and an image for the left eye for each display period,
A plurality of pixels arranged corresponding to each intersection of a plurality of rows of scanning lines and a plurality of columns of signal lines including first and second scanning lines alternately arranged;
The scanning lines of the plurality of rows are sequentially selected for each selection period in K row units (K is a natural number of 2 or more) in the preparation period within each display period, and after the preparation period has elapsed in each display period. In the first unit period within the writing period, the first set obtained by dividing the plurality of scanning lines by two adjacent rows is sequentially selected for each selection period, and the first unit in the writing period is selected. In the second unit period after the elapse of the period, the second scanning lines are sequentially selected for each selection period, and in the third unit period after the elapse of the second unit period in the writing period, the first scan line is selected. A scanning line driving circuit that sequentially selects a second set, which is divided by two rows adjacent to each other by shifting one line from the set, for each selection period;
For each selection period within the preparation period of each display period, a gradation potential corresponding to a predetermined gradation is supplied to each signal line, and among the display periods, the first unit period within the writing period is supplied. For each selection period, a gradation potential corresponding to the designated gradation of each pixel corresponding to the first scanning line in the first set selected in the selection period is supplied to each signal line, and the second unit period For each selection period, a gradation potential corresponding to the designated gradation of each pixel corresponding to the second scanning line selected in the selection period is supplied to each signal line, and the selection period of the third unit period And a signal line driver circuit for supplying to each signal line a gradation potential corresponding to the designated gradation of each pixel corresponding to the second scanning line in the second set selected in the selection period. An electro-optical device. An electro-optical device that displays a right-eye image and a left-eye image stereoscopically viewed with stereoscopic glasses including a right-eye shutter and a left-eye shutter,
The right eye shutter and the left eye shutter are both controlled to be closed during a period including at least a part of the preparation period of each display period, and the writing within the display period of the right eye image is performed. Controlling the right-eye shutter in an open state and controlling the left-eye shutter in a closed state in a period including at least a part of the period, and at least the writing period in the display period for the left-eye image The electro-optical device according to claim 1 , further comprising: an eyeglass control circuit that controls the left-eye shutter to an open state and controls the right-eye shutter to a closed state in a period including a part thereof. An electronic apparatus comprising the electro-optical device according to claim 1 .

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