JP5819533B2 - Heater, fixing device including the same, image forming apparatus, and heating apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a heater, a fixing device including the heater, an image forming apparatus, and a heating device. More specifically, the present invention relates to a heater having a resistance heating wiring that generates heat when energized and a disconnection detection wiring for detecting the disconnection, and a fixing device, an image forming apparatus, and a heating device including the heater.

  As a heating means for performing heat treatment, a heater having a resistance heating wiring disposed on the surface of a stainless steel plate or a ceramic plate is known. Since such a heater can be formed thin and compact, for example, it is incorporated in a copying machine or a printer to fix toner or ink on a recording medium, or incorporated in a dryer to cover a panel or the like. It is used for the purpose of heating and drying the processed body uniformly. For these purposes, the temperature distribution in the plane is required to be as uniform as possible, and it is also required to be able to detect when the temperature distribution in the plane is out of the allowable range. The following Patent Document 1 is known in relation to such a technique.

JP 2002-359059 A

The heater disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a heater having a self-breaking function for the purpose of preventing an excessive temperature rise. Although this heater can exhibit an excellent effect for the purpose of preventing thermal runaway or the like, it functions only at a predetermined temperature set in advance. On the other hand, a disconnection can be detected in a wider temperature range, and detection for responding more flexibly, such as feeding back the information, is required.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and in a heater provided with a plurality of cell patterns made of resistance heating wiring connected in parallel, a heater capable of detecting disconnection of the cell pattern and a fixing provided therewith An object is to provide an apparatus, an image forming apparatus, and a heating apparatus.

That is, the present invention is as follows.
The heater according to claim 1 is a heater including a base, a resistance heating wiring disposed on the base, and a disconnection detection wiring disposed on the base and insulated from the resistance heating wiring.
The resistance heating wiring has a plurality of cell patterns having substantially the same heating characteristics and electrically connected to each other in parallel,
The disconnection detection wiring is a wiring having a sensitive portion whose resistance value changes depending on temperature corresponding to each of the cell patterns, and the sensitive portions are electrically connected and integrated. ,
The gist of the disconnection detection wiring is that when one of the cell patterns is disconnected, a resistance change occurs due to a temperature change due to the disconnection.

The heater according to claim 2 is a heater including a base, a resistance heating wiring disposed on the base, and a plurality of disconnection detection wirings disposed on the base and insulated from the resistance heating wiring. Yes,
The resistance heating wiring has a plurality of cell patterns having substantially the same heating characteristics and electrically connected to each other in parallel,
Further, the resistance heating wiring includes a first pattern group including a predetermined number of cell patterns of the cell patterns, and a first pattern group including a predetermined number of cell patterns having substantially the same heat generation characteristics as the first pattern group. Two pattern groups,
The first disconnection detection wiring among the disconnection detection wirings has a sensitive portion whose resistance value changes depending on temperature, corresponding to each of the cell patterns forming the first pattern group, and the sensitive portion. It is a wiring that is electrically connected to each other,
The second disconnection detection wiring of the disconnection detection wirings has a sensitive portion whose resistance value changes depending on temperature corresponding to each of the cell patterns forming the second pattern group, and the sensitive portion. It is a wiring that is electrically connected to each other,
When at least one of the cell patterns is disconnected, a change in the resistance ratio between the first disconnection detection wiring and the second disconnection detection wiring due to a temperature change of the disconnected cell pattern The gist of this is

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the heater according to the first or second aspect, the cell pattern is formed using a conductive material whose resistance value changes depending on temperature, and the conductive portion constituting the sensitive portion. The gist of the material is that it has a larger resistance temperature coefficient than the conductive material constituting the cell pattern.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heater according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the sensitive portion is disposed within a region of an outer shape of the cell pattern.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the heater according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, at least one of the heated object and the main heater is set in a state facing the heated object. A heater that sweeps in the direction of to heat the object to be heated,
The gist of the present invention is that the cell pattern has an inclined pattern portion laid in an inclination with respect to the predetermined direction in one cell pattern.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fixing device including the heater according to any one of the first to fourth aspects.

  The gist of an image forming apparatus according to a sixth aspect is that the heater according to any one of the first to fourth aspects is provided.

  A gist of a heating device according to a seventh aspect is that the heater according to any one of the first to fourth aspects is provided.

  According to the heater of claim 1, when the cell pattern is disconnected, the disconnection detection wiring causes a resistance change due to a temperature change due to the disconnection, so that the cell pattern is disconnected by detecting the resistance change. Can be detected.

  According to the heater of the second aspect, when the cell pattern is disconnected, the resistance ratio between the first disconnection detection wiring and the second disconnection detection wiring is caused by the temperature change of the disconnected cell pattern. Since the change occurs, the disconnection of the cell pattern can be detected by detecting the change in the resistance ratio. Furthermore, since the resistance temperature coefficient between the first disconnection detection wiring and the second disconnection detection wiring is known in advance, it is possible to know which resistance value of the disconnection detection wiring has changed. It is possible to know which pattern group the first pattern group covered by the first disconnection detection wiring and the second pattern group covered by the second disconnection detection wiring have caused the disconnection. Therefore, it is possible to narrow the disconnection area in a narrower range by subdividing the pattern group and providing the corresponding disconnection detection wirings.

  When the conductive material constituting the sensitive portion is a heater having a larger resistance temperature coefficient than the conductive material constituting the cell pattern, as in the heater according to claim 3, the case is in other aspects. Compared to the above, the detection accuracy can be improved.

As in the case of the heater according to claim 4, when the sensitive portion is disposed within the outer region of the cell pattern, compared to the case where the sensitive portion is disposed outside the outer region of the cell pattern. More accurate disconnection detection can be performed.
As in the heater according to claim 5, when the cell pattern has an inclined pattern portion laid in an inclination with respect to a predetermined direction in one cell pattern, the object to be heated is heated more uniformly. be able to.

It is a typical top view of an example of a heater concerning the present invention. It is a typical top view of other examples of the heater concerning the present invention. It is a typical top view of other examples of the heater concerning the present invention. It is a typical top view of other examples of the heater concerning the present invention. It is a typical top view of other examples of the heater concerning the present invention. It is a typical exploded perspective view of an example of a heater concerning the present invention. It is a typical exploded perspective view of other examples of the heater concerning the present invention. It is a typical exploded perspective view of other examples of the heater concerning the present invention. It is a typical disassembled perspective view of an example of the disconnection detection wiring which concerns on the heater of this invention. It is a typical disassembled perspective view of the other example of the disconnection detection wiring which concerns on the heater of this invention. It is a typical disassembled perspective view of the other example of the disconnection detection wiring which concerns on the heater of this invention. It is explanatory drawing explaining the positional relationship of the sensitive part of a disconnection detection wiring, and a cell pattern. It is a typical top view of an example of a heater concerning the present invention. It is a typical top view of other examples of the heater concerning the present invention. It is a typical top view of other examples of the heater concerning the present invention. It is a typical top view of other examples of the heater concerning the present invention. It is a typical top view of other examples of the heater concerning the present invention. It is a typical top view of other examples of the heater concerning the present invention. It is a typical top view of other examples of the heater concerning the present invention. 1 is a schematic perspective view illustrating an example of a fixing device of the present invention. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the other example of the fixing device of this invention. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an image forming apparatus of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing explaining the case where it heats using an example of the heater which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing explaining the case where it heats using the other example of the heater which concerns on this invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
In FIGS. 1 to 5 and FIGS. 13 to 19, in order to clearly show the positional relationship between the resistance heating wiring 12 and the disconnection detection wiring 13, other layers such as an insulating layer that can be disposed between these layers are provided. The illustration is omitted.

[1] Heater of the first invention The heater (1) according to claim 1 (first invention) (see FIGS. 1 to 5 and the like) is disposed on the base (11) and the base (11). A heater comprising: a resistance heating wiring (12); and a disconnection detection wiring (13) that is insulated from the resistance heating wiring (12) and disposed on the base body (11),
The resistance heating wiring (12) has a plurality of cell patterns (121) having substantially the same heat generation characteristics and electrically connected to each other in parallel,
The disconnection detection wiring (13) has a sensitive part (131) whose resistance value changes depending on the temperature corresponding to each of the cell patterns (121), and the sensitive parts (131) are electrically connected to each other. Is a unified wiring,
The disconnection detection wiring (13) is characterized in that when one of the cell patterns (121) is disconnected, a resistance change occurs due to a temperature change due to the disconnection (see FIG. 1).

  The “base (11)” functions as a support for supporting the resistance heating wiring 12 and the disconnection detection wiring 13. The base 11 is not particularly limited as long as it can support the resistance heating wiring 12 and the disconnection detection wiring 13. As this base | substrate 11, a metal, ceramics, these composite materials, etc. can be utilized, for example. As the metal, steel or the like can be used, and stainless steel can be preferably used.

  The type of stainless steel is not particularly limited, but ferritic stainless steel and / or austenitic stainless steel is preferable. Furthermore, among these stainless steel types, varieties excellent in heat resistance and / or oxidation resistance are particularly preferable. That is, for example, among ferritic stainless steels, varieties having Cr in the range of 16 to 20% and Mo or Al in the range of 1.5 to 3.5% are preferable. On the other hand, among austenitic stainless steels, varieties having Ni in the range of 10 to 22%, Cr in the range of 16 to 26%, and Mo in the range of 1 to 3% are preferable. More specifically, SUS430, SUS436, SUS444, SUS316L, etc. are mentioned. These may use only 1 type and may use 2 or more types together.

Furthermore, aluminum, magnesium, copper, and alloys of these metals can be used as the metal constituting the substrate 11. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
Of these, aluminum, magnesium, and alloys thereof (aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, Al-Mg alloy, etc.) can suitably employ the characteristic that the specific gravity is small. That is, the weight of the heater can be reduced by using these metals for the base 11.
Moreover, the characteristic that copper and its alloy are excellent in thermal conductivity can be suitably used in the present heater. That is, the use of these metals for the base 11 can improve the heat uniformity of the heater.

As the aluminum alloy, any alloy in the 1000s to 8000s can be used. Among these, 3000 series and 6000 series are preferable from the viewpoint of thermal conductivity.
Magnesium alloys include Mg-Al alloys, Mg-Al-Zn alloys, Mg-Zn-Zr alloys, Mg-Cu-Zn alloys, Mg-RE-Zr alloys, Mg-Zr-RE-Ag. Alloy, Mg—Y—RE alloy, Mg—Al—Si alloy, Mg—Al—RE alloy, Mg—Mn alloy, etc. (RE represents a rare earth element).
Examples of the copper alloy include a Cu—Be alloy, a Cu—Ti alloy, a Cu—Ni alloy, a Cu—Cr alloy, a Cu—Zr alloy, a Cu—Fe—P alloy, and the like.

In the case where a metal is used as the base material, an insulating layer is interposed between the base 11 and each wiring as necessary in order to ensure insulation between the resistance heating wiring 12 and the disconnection detection wiring 13. Can do. The insulating layer may be formed of any material, but when a metal (such as stainless steel) is used as the substrate 11, glass is preferable from the viewpoint of its thermal expansion balance, and the softening point is 600 ° C. The above-mentioned crystallized glass and semi-crystallized glass are more preferable. _{Specifically,} SiO ₂ -Al ₂ O 3 -MO-based glass is preferred. However, MO is an alkaline earth metal oxide (MgO, CaO, BaO, SrO, etc.). The thickness of the insulating layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 60 to 120 μm, more preferably 70 to 110 μm, and still more preferably 75 to 100 μm.

In addition, as the ceramic constituting the base 11, a ceramic that can maintain insulation from the resistance heating wiring 12 and the disconnection detection wiring 13 at a high temperature is preferably used. That is, for example, aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, zirconia, silica, mullite, spinel, cordierite, silicon nitride and the like can be mentioned. These may use only 1 type and may use 2 or more types together. Among these, aluminum oxide and aluminum nitride are preferable. Furthermore, examples of the composite material of metal and ceramic include SiC / C and SiC / Al. These may use only 1 type and may use 2 or more types together.
Moreover, the thickness of the base 11 is not particularly limited, but may be 0.4 to 20 mm, for example, and preferably 0.6 to 5 mm.

  The “resistance heating wiring (12)” is a wiring that generates heat when energized. The resistance heating wiring 12 is a wiring having a plurality of cell patterns 121 having substantially the same heat generation characteristics and electrically connected in parallel to each other. Note that cell patterns having different heat generation characteristics may or may not be provided. Further, the cell pattern 121 has a predetermined pattern shape and forms a part of the resistance heating wiring 12. Each cell pattern 121 is also a heat generation pattern that generates heat when energized. These cell patterns need only have substantially the same heat generation characteristics, and the pattern shapes thereof may be the same or different.

  Each cell pattern 121 has substantially the same heat generation characteristics. Having substantially the same heat generation characteristics means that each cell pattern has substantially the same resistance temperature coefficient and resistance value under the same measurement conditions. More specifically, the difference in resistance temperature coefficient between the cell patterns is within ± 20%, and the difference in resistance value between the cell patterns is within ± 10%. When measuring this difference, the temperature coefficient of resistance and the resistance value are measured according to JIS C2526.

  The heater 1 according to the present invention has a plurality of heat-generating cell patterns electrically connected in parallel to each other so that the heater has excellent durability. That is, in one continuous resistance heating wiring, the function as a heater is lost by disconnection at one location, but even if disconnection occurs in the cell pattern 121 by having a plurality of cell patterns 121 connected in parallel, The cell pattern 121 connected in parallel with the cell pattern 121 can continue to be fed and can be used as a heater as it is.

  The conductive material forming the resistance heating wiring 12 may be heated by energization, and the type thereof is not particularly limited, but silver, copper, gold, platinum, palladium, rhodium, tungsten, molybdenum, and the like can be used. These may use only 1 type and may use 2 or more types together. When using 2 or more types together, it can be set as an alloy. More specifically, a silver-palladium alloy, a silver-platinum alloy, a platinum-rhodium alloy, silver, copper, gold, or the like can be used.

In addition, the conductive material constituting the resistance heating wiring 12 has a resistance temperature coefficient (at 0 to 1000 ° C.) from the viewpoint of exerting a self-temperature balancing action (also referred to as a self-temperature complementing action) between the plurality of cell patterns 121. A conductive material of 500 to 4400 ppm / ° C is preferable. This resistance temperature coefficient (at 0 to 1000 ° C.) is preferably 500 to 4000 ppm / ° C., more preferably 500 to 3800 ppm / ° C. In particular, when Ag or Ag—Pd is used as the conductive material, the conductive material preferably has a resistance temperature coefficient (at 0 to 600 ° C.) of 500 to 4000 ppm / ° C., and more preferably 500 to 3800 ppm / ° C. On the other hand, when Mo and / or W is used as the conductive material, the conductive material preferably has a resistance temperature coefficient (at 0 to 1000 ° C.) of 2000 to 4000 ppm / ° C., and more preferably 3000 to 4000 ppm / ° C. Further, the thickness of the resistance heating wiring 12 is preferably 3 to 20 μm, more preferably 5 to 17 μm, and still more preferably 8 to 12 μm, from the viewpoint of area specific resistance.
In addition, as for the resistance heating wiring 12, the conductive material, the line width, the line thickness, and the like can be appropriately changed in each part as necessary.

As described above, when the resistance heating wiring 12 is formed using a resistance temperature-dependent conductive material, the plurality of cell patterns 121 can have a self-temperature balancing function. That is, when the temperature of the predetermined cell pattern 121 is lowered, the resistance value of the cell pattern 121 is also lowered. When the resistance value decreases, the amount of input current increases because of being electrically connected in parallel, and as a result, the amount of heat generated by the cell pattern 121 increases. In this way, the plurality of cell patterns 121 are individually self-balanced to a steady state.
Further, assuming that there is a second cell pattern sandwiched between the first cell pattern and the third cell pattern, when the temperature of the second cell pattern decreases, the temperature decrease corresponds to the surrounding first and second cell patterns. 3 is supplemented from the cell pattern. And the input of the electric current to the 1st cell pattern and the 3rd cell pattern from which temperature was taken increases, and the effect | action which tries to recover | recover the taken temperature voluntarily will work. As a result, other cell patterns around the second cell pattern behave so as to complement the temperature of the second cell pattern. In this way, the heater according to the present invention spontaneously and uniformly generates heat over the entire substrate. In this respect, the substrate 11 is preferably formed of a metal because it is excellent in both thermal conductivity and thermal shock resistance.

  The “disconnection detection wiring (13)” is a wiring having a sensitive part 131 whose resistance value changes depending on temperature. Further, the disconnection detection wiring 13 has a sensitive part 131 corresponding to each cell pattern 121. That is, the sensitive part 131 is provided corresponding to each cell pattern 121. Furthermore, the sensitive parts 131 are electrically connected to each other and are integrated as a disconnection detection wiring. Since the disconnection detection wiring 13 has the sensitive part 131 corresponding to the cell pattern 121, when the disconnection occurs in the cell pattern 121, the temperature of the sensitive part corresponding to the cell pattern 121 decreases. Since each of the sensitive parts 131 is formed of a conductive material whose resistance value varies depending on the temperature, the resistance value changes as the temperature decreases. By detecting this change in resistance value, the heater of the present invention can detect disconnection of the resistance heating wiring.

  The sensitive part 131 may have any shape. That is, for example, it may have the same shape as the cell pattern 121 or a different shape. Further, it is only necessary to detect a temperature change of the cell pattern 121, and the cell pattern 121 may be arranged so as to overlap with the wiring of the cell pattern 121 (overlap with the projection image), or may be arranged so as not to overlap. In addition, the sensitive part 131 is electrically connected to each other and integrated as the disconnection detection wiring 13. The electrical connection between the sensitive units 131 can be performed using the connection unit 132. The connecting portion 132 may be formed using the same conductive material as that of the sensitive portion 131 or may be formed using a different conductive material.

  That is, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 9, there is no distinction between the sensitive part 131 and the connecting part 132 (as a result, the part corresponding to the cell pattern 121 in the disconnection detection wiring 13 functions as the sensitive part 131. (Disconnection detection wiring), a predetermined conductive material may be used to form the same line width and line thickness. Further, as illustrated in FIG. 10, a sensitive portion 131 is added at a position corresponding to the cell pattern 121 on one thinly formed connecting portion 132 so that the resistance contribution ratio is larger than that of the connecting portion 132. It may be formed. Furthermore, as illustrated in FIG. 11, each of the connection portions 132 may be formed between two adjacent sensitive portions 131 so that the sensitive portions 131 can be electrically connected to each other.

  Among these, as illustrated in FIG. 9, when the disconnection detection wiring 13 is formed of the sensitive part 131 and the connecting part 132 integrally using a conductive material constituting the sensitive part 131, that is, When the sensitive part 131 and the connection part 132 are integrally formed using a desired conductive material, the heater 1 having a disconnection detection function can be obtained at a low cost. That is, for example, a pattern of one disconnection detection wiring 13 can be formed by a single screen application, and a heater having a disconnection detection function significant in terms of process and material cost is obtained. be able to.

  On the other hand, in the form illustrated in FIGS. 10 and 11, the conductive material of the sensitive part 131 and the connecting part 132 can be different. In particular, when the sensitive part 131 of the disconnection detection wiring 13 is formed using a conductive material having a resistance temperature coefficient larger than that of the conductive material constituting the connecting part 132, the resistance contribution ratio of the sensitive part 131 is improved. That is, the resistance contribution ratio caused by the connection portion 132 is lowered, and the resistance change or the change in resistivity caused by the cell pattern 121 can be detected more accurately. Therefore, disconnection detection with higher accuracy can be performed. Further, the conductive material constituting the connection portion 132 does not need to be a material that changes resistance with respect to temperature change.

  Each sensitive part 131 has substantially the same resistance characteristic. Having substantially the same resistance characteristic means that each sensitive part 131 has substantially the same resistance temperature coefficient and resistance value. More specifically, the difference in resistance temperature coefficient between the sensitive parts 131 is within ± 20%, and the difference in resistance value between the sensitive parts 131 is within ± 10%. When measuring this difference, the method of measuring the temperature coefficient of resistance and the resistance value is the same as in the cell pattern 121 described above.

  The conductive material that constitutes the sensitive part 131 only needs to change its resistance value due to the temperature change of each cell pattern 121, and the type thereof is not particularly limited, but silver, copper, gold, platinum, palladium, rhodium, tungsten Further, molybdenum and the like can be used. These may use only 1 type and may use 2 or more types together. When using 2 or more types together, it can be set as an alloy. More specifically, a silver-palladium alloy, a silver-platinum alloy, a platinum-rhodium alloy, silver, copper, gold, or the like can be used.

Further, the temperature dependence of the resistance change of the conductive material constituting the sensitive part 131 is not particularly limited, but for example, a conductive material having a resistance temperature coefficient (at 0 to 1000 ° C.) of 500 to 4400 ppm / ° C. is preferable. This resistance temperature coefficient (at 0 to 1000 ° C.) is preferably 500 to 4000 ppm / ° C., more preferably 500 to 3800 ppm / ° C. In particular, when Ag or Ag—Pd is used as the conductive material, the conductive material preferably has a resistance temperature coefficient (at 0 to 600 ° C.) of 500 to 4000 ppm / ° C., and more preferably 500 to 3800 ppm / ° C. On the other hand, when Mo and / or W is used as the conductive material, the conductive material preferably has a resistance temperature coefficient (at 0 to 1000 ° C.) of 2000 to 4000 ppm / ° C., and more preferably 3000 to 4000 ppm / ° C. Furthermore, the line thickness of the sensitive part 131 is preferably 3 to 20 μm, more preferably 5 to 17 μm, and still more preferably 8 to 12 μm, from the viewpoint of area resistivity.
In addition, the disconnection detection wiring 12 including the sensitive part 131 can appropriately change the conductive material, the line width, the line thickness, and the like in each part as necessary.

Also, from the viewpoint of disconnection detection sensitivity, the resistance temperature coefficient of the conductive material constituting the sensitive portion 131 can be made larger than the resistance temperature coefficient of the conductive material constituting the cell pattern 121 (resistance heating wiring 12). . Specifically, when Ag or Ag-Pd is used as the conductive material, the temperature coefficient of resistance of the conductive material constituting the sensitive portion 131 is lower than the temperature coefficient of resistance of the conductive material constituting the cell pattern 121. It is preferably 30% or more larger at ˜600 ° C., more preferably 50 to 150% larger.
The resistance value of the disconnection detection wiring 13 may be appropriately designed according to the measurement system. However, since the resistance value of the resistance heating wiring 12 is usually small, the disconnection detection wiring 13 is smaller than the resistance value of the resistance heating wiring 12. It is preferable to design a large resistance value (for example, several times to several tens times).

In addition, the sensitive part 131 may be provided corresponding to the cell pattern 121, but it is particularly preferable that the sensitive part 131 is disposed within the outer region of the cell pattern 121 (in the projected image). As shown in FIG. 12, the fact that the cell pattern 121 is disposed within the outer region is irradiated with light from a direction perpendicular to the substrate to form a projected image of the cell pattern 121 on the same plane as the disconnection detection wiring. This means that the sensitive part 131 is arranged in the projected image 151 of the outer shape of the cell pattern 121. With such a configuration, disconnection detection with excellent sensitivity can be performed.
Note that the sensitive unit 131 may or may not overlap with the projected image of the wiring of the cell pattern 121.

Moreover, the base | substrate 11, the resistance heating wiring 12, and the disconnection detection wiring 13 should just satisfy | fill the above-mentioned arrangement | positioning conditions, and it does not specifically limit about other arrangement | positioning.
That is, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 6, the substrate 11 is disposed, the insulating layer 141 is disposed above the substrate 11, the resistance heating wiring 12 is disposed above the insulating layer 141, and the resistance heating wiring 12 The insulating layer 142 is disposed on the upper side, and the disconnection detection wiring 13 can be disposed on the upper side of the insulating layer 142.

Further, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 7, the substrate 11 is disposed, the insulating layer 141 is disposed above the substrate 11, the disconnection detection wiring 13 is disposed above the insulation layer 141, and the disconnection detection wiring 13 The insulating layer 142 is disposed on the upper side, and the resistance heating wiring 12 can be disposed on the upper side of the insulating layer 142.
For example, as illustrated in FIG. 8, the substrate 11 is disposed, the insulating layer 141 is disposed above the substrate 11, and the disconnection detection wiring 13 is disposed above the insulating layer 141, while The insulating layer 142 is disposed on the side, and the resistance heating wiring 12 can be disposed below the insulating layer 142.
Furthermore, a plurality of layers of resistance heating wirings 12 and disconnection detection wirings 13 can be arranged in one heater 1 by a combination of these arrangements.

In the heater 1 according to the first aspect of the present invention, in addition to the substrate 11, the resistance heating wiring 12, and the disconnection detection wiring 13, other portions can be provided. As the other part, the above-described insulating layer is raised. The insulating layer is provided for the purpose of obtaining insulation between the substrate 11 and various wirings and insulation between the various wirings.
Furthermore, a topcoat layer can be provided. The top coat layer is, for example, a protective layer provided on the upper side of the disconnection detection wiring 13 in order to protect the disconnection detection wiring 13 in FIG. The topcoat layer is usually insulative. Similarly, in FIG. 7, it can be provided above the resistance heating wiring 12, and in FIG. 8, it can be provided above the disconnection detection wiring 13 and below the resistance heating wiring 12.

[2] Heater of the second invention The heater (1) according to claim 2 (second invention) (see FIGS. 13 to 15 and the like) is disposed on the base (11) and the base (11). A heater comprising: a resistance heating wiring (12); and a disconnection detection wiring (13) that is insulated from the resistance heating wiring (12) and disposed on the base body (11),
The resistance heating wiring (12) has a plurality of cell patterns (121) having substantially the same heat generation characteristics and electrically connected to each other in parallel,
Further, the resistance heating wiring (12) is substantially the same as the first pattern group (125) composed of a predetermined number of cell patterns (121) of the cell patterns (121) and the first pattern group (125). A second pattern group (126) comprising a predetermined number of cell patterns (121) having heat generation characteristics;
Of the disconnection detection wiring (13), the first disconnection detection wiring (135) has a sensitive portion (131) whose resistance value changes depending on temperature, and a cell pattern (121) forming the first pattern group (125). ) Corresponding to each of the above and the sensitive parts (131) are electrically connected and integrated into one wiring,
Of the disconnection detection wiring (13), the second disconnection detection wiring (136) has a sensitive part (131) whose resistance value changes depending on temperature, and a cell pattern (121) forming the second pattern group (126). ) Corresponding to each of t), and the sensitive parts (131) are electrically connected to each other, and are integrated wiring,
When at least one of the cell patterns (121) is disconnected, due to a temperature change of the disconnected cell pattern (121), the first disconnection detection wiring (135) and the second disconnection detection wiring ( 136) and the resistance ratio is changed.

For the “substrate (11)”, each of the heaters of the first invention can be applied as it is.
The “resistance heating wiring (12)” is the same as the resistance heating wiring 12 in the first invention except that it has the first pattern group 125 and the second pattern group 126.
The first pattern group 125 and the second pattern have substantially the same heat generation characteristics. In general, these pattern groups have the same number of cell patterns 121. Further, the first pattern group 125 and the second pattern group 126 may be electrically connected groups or may not be electrically connected groups. As the former, for example, there are 20 cell patterns 121 connected in parallel, of which 10 are used as the first pattern group and the remaining 10 are used as the second pattern group. On the other hand, as the latter, there are 10 cell patterns 121 connected in parallel, and 10 cell patterns 121 connected in parallel in another system that is not electrically connected, There is a case where one is a first pattern group and the other is a second pattern group.

The “disconnection detection wiring (13)” is common to the disconnection detection wiring 13 in the first invention except that the first disconnection detection wiring 135 and the second disconnection detection wiring 136 are provided.
The first disconnection detection wiring 135 is a wiring having a sensitive part 131 whose resistance value changes depending on the temperature of the first pattern group 125. Further, the first disconnection detection wiring 135 has a sensitive part 131 corresponding to each of the cell patterns 121 forming the first pattern group 125. That is, the sensitive part 131 is provided corresponding to each cell pattern 121. Furthermore, the sensitive parts 131 are electrically connected to each other and are integrated as the first disconnection detection wiring 135.
On the other hand, the second disconnection detection wiring 136 is a wiring having a sensitive part 131 whose resistance value changes depending on the temperature of the second pattern group 126. Further, the second disconnection detection wiring 136 has a sensitive portion 131 corresponding to each of the cell patterns 121 forming the second pattern group 126. That is, the sensitive part 131 is provided corresponding to each cell pattern 121. Further, the sensitive parts 131 are electrically connected to each other as a second disconnection detection wiring 136.

  The first disconnection detection wiring 135 and the second disconnection detection wiring 136 have a specific initial resistance ratio with each other, and a disconnection has occurred in the cell pattern 121 of the pattern group monitored by either one of them. In this case, the disconnection can be known by detecting that the resistance ratio changes from the initial value due to the disconnection. The first disconnection detection wiring 135 and the second disconnection detection wiring 136 need only have a resistance ratio that is constant during normal operation, and each resistance value is not particularly limited. That is, they may have the same resistance value or different resistance values. However, from the viewpoint of detection sensitivity, the resistance value of the first disconnection detection wiring 135 and the resistance value of the second disconnection detection wiring 136 are preferably as close as possible. Specifically, the resistance ratio in a steady state is preferably −12 to + 12%, more preferably −10 to + 10%, and particularly preferably −5 to + 5%. In particular, it is preferable that the resistance values are substantially the same.

  The heater 1 of the first invention and the second invention can be used as a fixing heater that is incorporated in an image forming apparatus such as a printing machine, a copying machine, a facsimile machine, or a fixing apparatus, and fixes toner, ink, or the like on a recording medium. . Furthermore, it can be used as a heating device that is incorporated in a heater and uniformly heats (such as drying or firing) a target object such as a panel. In addition, heat treatment of metal products, coating films formed on substrates of various shapes, or heat treatment of coating films can be suitably performed. Specifically, heat treatment of coating films (filter constituent materials) for flat panel displays such as liquid crystal panels, painting and drying of painted metal products (whiteboards, etc.), vehicles (automobiles, etc.) related products, woodworking products, Examples thereof include electrostatic flocking adhesion drying, heat treatment of plastic processed products, solder reflow of printed circuit boards, and printing drying of thick film integrated circuits. The configuration of the heater of the present invention is not limited to the detection of disconnection, but can be used as a short circuit detection, an excessive temperature rise detection, a temperature sensor, or the like.

[3] Fixing Device The fixing device of the present invention includes the heater of the present invention. The configuration of the fixing device of the present invention can be appropriately selected depending on the use of the product to be obtained, fixing means, and the like. For example, in the case of including a fixing unit that involves pressure bonding, in the case where toner or the like is fixed to a recording medium such as paper, and when a plurality of members are bonded, a heating unit including a heater, And a fixing device. Of course, it is possible to use a fixing means that does not involve pressure bonding. In the present invention, it is preferable that the fixing device 5 fix an unfixed image containing toner formed on the surface of a recording medium such as paper or film on the recording medium.

Hereinafter, the fixing device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing a main part of the fixing device 5 disposed in the electrophotographic image forming apparatus, which includes a rotatable fixing roll 51 and a rotatable pressure roll 54, and a heater. 1 is disposed inside the fixing roll 51. The heater 1 is preferably arranged so as to be close to the inner surface of the fixing roll 51.

  In the fixing device 5 of FIG. 20, the heater 1 is driven by voltage application from a power supply device (not shown), and heat detected by a temperature measurement device (not shown) is transmitted to the fixing roll 51. When a recording medium having an unfixed toner image on the surface is supplied between the fixing roll 51 and the pressing roll 54, the toner is brought into contact with the fixing roll 51 and the pressing roll 54. Melts to form a fixed image.

In FIG. 20, since the fixing roller 51 and the pressing roll 54 are in contact with each other, the fixing roll 51 and the pressing roll 54 rotate with the driving of the fixing device. As described above, since the heater 1 suppresses a local temperature rise that is likely to occur when a small recording medium is used, uneven temperature in the fixing roll 51 hardly occurs, and the fixing can be smoothly advanced. Can do. Further, damage to members disposed around the heater 1 can be suppressed.
Further, the heater 1 is fixed inside a heater holder 53 made of a material capable of conducting heat from the heater 1 like the fixing unit 5 (fixing device) in FIG. 22, for example, and the heat from the heater 1 is used for fixing. It can be set as the structure transmitted from the inner side of the roll 51 to an outer surface.

  Further, FIG. 21 is also a schematic diagram showing a main part of the fixing device 5 disposed in the electrophotographic image forming apparatus, and includes a rotatable fixing roll 51 and a rotatable pressure roll 54. And a heater 1 that transfers heat to the fixing roll 51 and a pressing roll 52 that presses the recording medium together with the pressing roll 54 are disposed inside the fixing roll 51. The heater 1 is preferably disposed along the inner surface of the fixing roll 51.

  In the fixing device 5 of FIG. 21, the heater 1 is driven by voltage application from a power supply device (not shown), and heat detected by a temperature measurement device (not shown) is transmitted to the fixing roll 51. When a recording medium having an unfixed toner image on the surface is supplied between the fixing roll 51 and the pressing roll 54, the fixing roll 51 pressed against the pressing roll 52; At the press contact portion with the pressure roll 54, the toner melts to form a fixed image.

In FIG. 21 as well, the fixing roller 51 and the pressure roll 54 have a pressure contact portion, so that the fixing roll 51 and the pressure roll 54 rotate with the driving of the fixing device. As described above, since the heater 1 suppresses a local temperature rise that is likely to occur when a small recording medium is used, uneven temperature in the fixing roll 51 hardly occurs, and the fixing can be smoothly advanced. Can do. Further, damage to members disposed around the heater 1 can be suppressed.
Another aspect of the fixing device of the present invention is a mold including an upper mold and a lower mold, in which a heater is disposed in at least one of the upper mold and the lower mold.
The fixing device of the present invention is mounted on an image forming apparatus such as an electrophotographic printing machine, a copying machine, etc., a household electric product, a commercial or experimental precision instrument, and is used as a heat source for heating, heat retention, etc. It is suitable as.

[4] Image forming apparatus The image forming apparatus of the present invention includes the heater of the present invention. The configuration of the image forming apparatus of the present invention can be appropriately selected depending on the use of the product to be obtained, the purpose of heating, and the like. In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 22, image forming means for forming an unfixed image on the surface of a recording medium such as paper or film, and fixing means 5 for fixing the unfixed image on the recording medium are provided. The fixing unit 5 is preferably an image forming apparatus 4 including the heater 1 of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the image forming apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 22 is a schematic view showing a main part of the electrophotographic image forming apparatus 4.
The image forming means may be either a system with a transfer drum or a system without a transfer drum, but FIG. 22 shows an embodiment with a transfer drum.
In the image forming unit, the toner supplied from the developing unit 45 is irradiated with the laser output from the laser scanner 41 on the charging processing surface of the photosensitive drum 44 that has been charged to a predetermined potential by the charging device 43 while rotating. As a result, an electrostatic latent image corresponding to the target image information is formed. Next, the toner image is transferred onto the surface of the transfer drum 46 that is linked to the photosensitive drum 44 using the potential difference. Thereafter, the toner image is transferred onto the surface of the recording medium supplied between the transfer drum 46 and the transfer roll 47, and a recording medium having an unfixed image is obtained.

Note that the image forming means can be provided with a cleaning device for removing insoluble toner or the like on the surfaces of the photosensitive drum 44 and the transfer drum 46, but this is not shown in FIG.
The toner is particles including a binder resin, a colorant, and an additive, and the melting temperature of the binder resin is usually 90 ° C. to 220 ° C.

  Next, the fixing unit 5 can have the same configuration as the fixing device according to the present invention, and includes a pressurizing roll 54 and a heater holder 53 that holds the sheet-passing direction energization type heater 1 inside, and the pressurizing roll And a fixing roll 51 interlocking with the fixing roller 51. The recording medium having an unfixed image from the image forming means is supplied between the fixing roll 51 and the pressing roll 54, and a recording medium on which the image is fixed is obtained. That is, the heat of the fixing roll 51 melts the toner image on the recording medium, and the melted toner is further pressed at the pressure contact portion between the fixing roll 51 and the pressing roll 54 to record the toner image. It is fixed on the medium.

  Generally, when the temperature of the fixing roll 51 becomes uneven and the amount of heat given to the toner is too small, the toner is peeled off from the recording medium. On the other hand, when the amount of heat is too large, the toner adheres to the fixing roll 51. The fixing roll 51 may make a round and reattach to the recording medium. However, according to the fixing means 5 having the heater of the present invention, the adjustment to a predetermined temperature is quick, so that the problem is not solved. Can be suppressed.

The fixing unit 5 of FIG. 22 is configured to include a fixing roll 51 and a pressing roll 54. However, the image forming apparatus of the present invention replaces the fixing roll 51 with the heater 1 disposed in the vicinity. An aspect provided with a belt may be sufficient.
In the image forming apparatus 4 of FIG. 22, as other means not shown, there are a recording medium conveying means, a recording medium conveying means, and a control means for controlling each of the above means.
The image forming apparatus of the present invention is suitable as an electrophotographic printing machine, a copying machine, or the like in which an excessive temperature rise in a non-sheet passing area is suppressed during use.

[5] Heating device The heating device of the present invention includes a heater unit comprising the heater of the present invention. The structure of the heating apparatus of the present invention can be appropriately selected depending on the shape, size, etc. of the object to be heat treated. In the present invention, for example, an aspect including a housing portion, a sealable window portion disposed for taking in and out of the object to be heat treated, and a movable heater portion disposed inside the housing portion It can be. If necessary, the heat treatment object installation part for placing the heat treatment object inside the case part, the exhaust part for discharging this gas when the gas is discharged by heating the heat treatment object, the case part A pressure adjusting unit such as a vacuum pump for adjusting the internal pressure can be provided. Further, the heating may be performed in a state where the object to be heat-treated and the heater portion are fixed, or may be performed while either one is moved.
The heating device of the present invention is suitable as a device for drying a heat-treated material containing water, an organic solvent and the like at a desired temperature. And it can use as a vacuum dryer (vacuum dryer), a pressure dryer, a dehumidification dryer, a hot air dryer, an explosion-proof dryer, etc. Furthermore, it is suitable as an apparatus for firing unfired materials such as LCD panels and organic EL panels at a desired temperature. And it can be used as a reduced-pressure baking machine, a pressure baking machine, etc.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings.
<Example> Fabrication of heater (see FIGS. 1 and 6)
(1) Formation of insulating layer 141 After smoothing the surface of a stainless steel substrate (made of SUS430) having a length of 520 mm and a width of 1220 mm, crystallized glass (trade name “3500N”, made by DuPont) is dried to be 100 μm. The insulating layer 141 having a film thickness of 85 μm was provided by coating the entire surface of the substrate 11 and baking at 850 ° C.

(2) Formation of Resistance Heating Wiring 12 Thereafter, an unfired wiring having the pattern shape shown in FIGS. 1 and 6 is formed on the insulating layer 141 using a paste containing silver-palladium without containing lead, cadmium, and nickel. Printed and fired at 850 ° C. to obtain the resistance heating wiring 12. The resistance heating wiring 12 has a line width of 0.8 mm and a line thickness of 10 μm.
Further, the conductive wire portion 122 and the land portion 123 for supplying current to the resistance heating wiring 12 were printed using a silver paste, respectively, and then fired (850 ° C., 30 minutes).

(3) Formation of Insulating Layer 142 Next, an insulating layer 142 having a thickness of 50 μm was provided on the entire surface of the substrate including the obtained resistance heating wiring 12 using the same crystallized glass as the insulating layer 141.

(4) Formation of Disconnection Detection Wiring 13 Thereafter, the non-fired wiring having the pattern shape shown in FIGS. 1 and 6 is formed on the insulating layer 142 using a paste containing silver-palladium without containing lead, cadmium, or nickel. It printed and baked at 850 degreeC and the disconnection detection wiring 13 was obtained. The disconnection detection wiring 13 has a line width of 0.8 mm and a line thickness of 10 μm.
Furthermore, the conductor part 133 and the land part 134 for supplying an electric current to the disconnection detection wiring 13 were each printed using a silver paste, and then obtained by firing treatment (850 ° C., 30 minutes).

(5) Formation of Protective Layer and Topcoat Next, a protective layer having a thickness of 50 μm is formed on the entire surface of the substrate including the obtained disconnection detection wiring 13 by using the same crystallized glass as the insulating layer 141 and the insulating layer 142 (FIG. Not shown). Subsequently, amorphous glass (SiO ₂ —Al ₂ O ₃ —B ₂ O ₃ —RO) was applied on the protective layer, baked at 750 ° C., and a topcoat layer (not shown) having a thickness of 25 μm. The heater 1 was obtained.

  In this embodiment, by changing the above steps in the order of (1) → (4) → (3) → (2) → (5), the heater in the form illustrated in FIG. 7 can be obtained. . Further, the above steps are performed in the order of (1) → (4) → (5) on the upper surface side of the substrate 11, and (3) → (2) → ( By performing the above steps in the order of 5), the heater of the form illustrated in FIG. 8 can be obtained.

  Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the land portions are dispersed left and right, but as shown in FIG. 2, they can be arranged together on one side. In this case, the disconnection detection wiring 13 can be formed in the pattern shape illustrated in FIG.

  Further, in this embodiment, the pattern shape of the resistance heating wiring 12 can be changed as shown in FIG. That is, while the pattern shape of FIG. 1 has parallel cell patterns arranged in parallel, the pattern shape of FIG. 3 is a form in which series cell patterns are arranged in parallel. Further, at that time, as illustrated in FIG. 4, the land portions can be collectively arranged on one side.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the pattern shape of the resistance heating wiring 12 can be changed as shown in FIG. 16 or FIG. That is, the pattern shape of FIG. 1 corresponds to the short side and the long side of the base 11 and is formed so as to be orthogonal to each side, whereas the pattern shape of FIGS. 11 is formed with an angle so as not to be orthogonal to the short side and the long side. In such a form, even when the object to be heated is moved so as to be orthogonal to the short side or the long side of the base 11, heating unevenness depending on the pattern shape of the resistance heating wiring 12 is prevented. More uniform heating can be performed. Also in this case, as illustrated in FIGS. 17 and 19, the land portions can be arranged together on one side.
In addition, among the cell patterns 121 in FIGS. 16 to 19, the triangular cell patterns located at both ends depend on the type of conductive material, the width of the pattern, and the thickness so as to have the same heat generation characteristics as other rectangular cell patterns. It is controlled.

  The cell pattern 121 provided in the heater 1 of FIGS. 16 to 19 will be described in more detail. The heater 1 of the present invention has an inclined pattern portion that is inclined and laid in one cell pattern. (See FIGS. 16 to 19). As described above, the heater provided with the inclined pattern portion heats more uniformly over the entire surface of the object to be heat treated (the item to be heated by the heater 1 of the present invention) than the heater not provided with the inclined pattern portion. be able to.

  In particular, with the heater 1 of the present invention facing the object to be heated, at least one of the object to be heated and the heater 1 of the present invention is swept in a predetermined direction to heat the object to be heated. In this case, it is preferable to have an inclined pattern portion. Usually, in such a situation, the object to be heated is longer than the heater 1 in the sweep direction. That is, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 23 and FIG. 24, there is a case where the heat treatment object 2 having a substantially rectangular shape of the heater 1 and having a length longer than the short side of the heater 1 is heated. is there. In such a case, only the heater 1 and the object to be heat-treated 2 face each other, and since the object to be heated 2 is larger than the heater 1, only a part of the object to be heat-treated 2 can be heated. Therefore, the entire surface of the object to be heat-treated 2 is heated by sweeping at least one of the object to be heated 2 and the heater 1 of the present invention in a predetermined direction D (hereinafter simply referred to as “sweep direction D”). be able to.

Here, the cell pattern 121 of the heater 1 illustrated in FIG. 23 includes a horizontal pattern portion 127a oriented substantially orthogonal to the sweep direction D, and a vertical pattern portion 127b oriented substantially parallel to the sweep direction D. Is composed of. In the cell pattern 121 of this form, a vertical pattern gap 128 is formed as a portion between the adjacent vertical pattern portions 127b and where the resistance heating wiring 12 does not exist.
When the object to be heat-treated 2 is swept in the sweep direction D, the object to be heat-treated 2 faces the horizontal pattern part 127a intermittently (the part on the object to be heat-treated 2) and the vertical pattern part 127b. A portion that continues (portion on the object to be heat-treated 2) and a portion that continues to face the vertical pattern gap 128 (portion on the object to be heat-treated 2) are generated. Comparing the integrated heat quantity at each part on the object to be heat treated 2, the part that continues to face the vertical pattern part 127b is the largest, the part that intermittently faces the horizontal pattern part 127a is the second largest, and the vertical pattern The portion that continues to face the gap 128 is the smallest. That is, although it is a narrow range, there is a possibility that heating unevenness occurs in the object to be heat treated 2. Therefore, when more uniform heating is required for the object to be heat treated 2, it is preferable to include an inclined pattern portion 127 c laid inclined with respect to the sweep direction D as illustrated in FIG. 24.

  The cell pattern 121 of the heater 1 illustrated in FIG. 24 includes a horizontal pattern portion 127a oriented substantially orthogonal to the sweep direction D, and an inclined pattern portion 127c laid inclined with respect to the sweep direction D. ing. In the cell pattern 121, an inclined pattern gap 129 is formed as a gap between the adjacent inclined pattern portions 127c and as a portion where the resistance heating wiring 12 does not exist. However, the inclined pattern portion 127c and the inclined pattern gap 129 are also inclined with respect to the sweep direction D of the article to be heated 2. Therefore, even if the object to be heat-treated 2 is swept in the sweep direction D, a portion on the object to be heated 2 that continues to face both the inclined pattern portion 127c and the inclined pattern gap 129 does not occur. In other words, both pattern portions are evenly opposed to the object to be heated 2. As a result, the integrated heat quantity in each part of the object to be heat treated 2 is leveled, and more highly uniform heating can be performed.

Moreover, when the heater 1 of this invention and the to-be-heated material 2 face each other closely, the above-mentioned effect | action and effect by providing an inclination pattern part are show | played notably. In particular, when the heater 1 of the present invention and the article to be heated 2 are swept in contact with each other, the above-mentioned action and effect are particularly remarkable. That is, when the heater 1 of the present invention and the object to be heated 2 are greatly separated and the heat generated from the resistance heating wiring spreads radially, the amount of heat reaching the object to be heated 2 is equalized. Even if the vertical pattern portion 127b and the vertical pattern gap 128 (see FIG. 23) exist, uneven heating is unlikely to occur.
However, when the heater 1 of the present invention and the object to be heated 2 are close to each other, particularly when they are in contact with each other, the above-mentioned leveling is difficult to achieve, and heating unevenness occurs on the object to be heated 2. It becomes easy. Therefore, it is preferable that the heater swept in contact with the object to be heated 2 is provided with an inclined pattern portion.
In addition, although the inclination pattern part 127c may be inclined how much, for example, it is preferably 10 to 80 degrees, more preferably 20 to 70 degrees with respect to the horizontal pattern 127a.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the sensitive part 131 of the disconnection detection wiring 13 is within the region of the outer shape of each cell pattern 121 of the resistance heating wiring 12 (see FIG. 12). In addition, it can be formed so as not to overlap the projected image of the wiring of each cell pattern 121.

  Further, in this embodiment, after changing the pattern shape of the resistance heating wiring 12 as shown in FIG. 13, by providing individual disconnection detection wirings 135 and 136 in each pattern group as shown in FIG. It can be set as the heater of the 2nd invention. Furthermore, the pattern shape can be changed as shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 15, the sensitive part 131 of the disconnection detection wiring 13 is within the region of the outer shape of each cell pattern 121 of the resistance heating wiring 12 (see FIG. 12), and each cell pattern 121. It can be formed so as not to overlap with the projected image of the wiring.

  The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention depending on the purpose and application.

1; heater,
11; substrate
12; resistance heating wiring, 121; cell pattern, 122; conductor portion, 123; land portion, 125; first pattern group, 126; second pattern group, 127a; horizontal pattern portion, 127b; vertical pattern portion, 127c; Pattern portion, 128; vertical pattern gap, 129; inclined pattern gap,
13; Disconnection detection wiring, 131; Sensitive part, 132; Connection part, 133; Conductor part, 134; Land part, 135; First disconnection detection wiring, 136; Second disconnection detection wiring,
141, 142; insulating layers;
151; a region of the outer shape of the cell pattern (projected image of the outer shape),
4; Image forming apparatus, 41: Laser scanner, 42: Mirror, 43: Charging device, 44: Photosensitive drum, 45: Developer, 46: Transfer drum, 47: Transfer roll,
5: fixing device (fixing means), 51: fixing roll, 52: pressurizing roll, 53: heater holder, 54: pressurizing roll,
6: Heater support, 7: Temperature controller, P: Recording medium.

Claims (8)

A heater comprising: a base; a resistance heating wiring disposed on the base; and a disconnection detection wiring insulated from the resistance heating wiring and disposed on the base.
The resistance heating wiring has a plurality of cell patterns having substantially the same heating characteristics and electrically connected to each other in parallel,
The disconnection detection wiring is a wiring having a sensitive portion whose resistance value changes depending on temperature corresponding to each of the cell patterns, and the sensitive portions are electrically connected and integrated. ,
The heater according to claim 1, wherein the disconnection detection wiring causes a resistance change due to a temperature change due to the disconnection when any of the cell patterns is disconnected. A heater comprising: a base; a resistance heating wiring disposed on the base; and a plurality of disconnection detection wirings insulated from the resistance heating wiring and disposed on the base.
The resistance heating wiring has a plurality of cell patterns having substantially the same heating characteristics and electrically connected to each other in parallel,
Further, the resistance heating wiring includes a first pattern group including a predetermined number of cell patterns of the cell patterns, and a first pattern group including a predetermined number of cell patterns having substantially the same heat generation characteristics as the first pattern group. Two pattern groups,
The first disconnection detection wiring among the disconnection detection wirings has a sensitive portion whose resistance value changes depending on temperature, corresponding to each of the cell patterns forming the first pattern group, and the sensitive portion. It is a wiring that is electrically connected to each other,
The second disconnection detection wiring of the disconnection detection wirings has a sensitive portion whose resistance value changes depending on temperature corresponding to each of the cell patterns forming the second pattern group, and the sensitive portion. It is a wiring that is electrically connected to each other,
When at least one of the cell patterns is disconnected, a change in the resistance ratio between the first disconnection detection wiring and the second disconnection detection wiring due to a temperature change of the disconnected cell pattern A heater characterized by producing   The cell pattern is formed using a conductive material whose resistance value varies depending on temperature, and the conductive material constituting the sensitive part has a resistance temperature coefficient compared to the conductive material constituting the cell pattern. The heater of Claim 1 or 2 with large.   The heater according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sensitive portion is disposed in a region of an outer shape of the cell pattern. A heater that heats the object to be heated by sweeping at least one of the object to be heated and the main heater in a predetermined direction while facing the object to be heated,
The heater according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cell pattern has an inclined pattern portion laid in an inclination with respect to the predetermined direction in one cell pattern.   A fixing device comprising the heater according to claim 1.   An image forming apparatus comprising the heater according to claim 1.   A heating device comprising the heater according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

Images