JP5804076B2 - LC filter circuit and high frequency module - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an LC filter circuit and a high frequency module including an LC parallel resonant circuit.

  For mobile communication devices such as mobile phones, a multilayer filter circuit having a small size, low loss, and excellent mass productivity is used (for example, see Patent Document 1). FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an LC filter circuit used in Patent Document 1.

  In the circuit shown in FIG. 1, an LC parallel resonant circuit composed of an inductor L11 and a capacitor C11 is inserted between a signal line connecting the first input / output terminal P1 and the second input / output terminal P2 and the ground. . The LC parallel resonant circuit has an impedance characteristic in which the circuit impedance is maximum (infinite) at the resonance frequency of the resonance circuit, and this is used to pass a signal in a frequency band including the resonance frequency. be able to.

JP 2003-2558587 A

  As described above, when forming a filter circuit that allows passage of a specific frequency band, characteristics that allow steep attenuation at the end of the specific frequency band (pass band) (hereinafter, such characteristics are referred to as steep attenuation characteristics). To prevent the passband from becoming unnecessarily wide. By realizing such characteristics, for example, even if the band of the communication signal to be passed and the band of the communication signal to be attenuated are close to each other, only the communication signal to be passed can be passed.

  By the way, when the filter circuit including the LC parallel resonance circuit as shown in FIG. 1 is used, the attenuation characteristic can be sharpened by increasing the capacitance of the capacitor C11. However, the amount of attenuation in the passband increases and the insertion loss increases. . On the other hand, the insertion loss can be reduced by increasing the inductance of the inductor L11. However, in this case, the attenuation characteristic becomes gradual and the 3 dB bandwidth becomes wide. For this reason, the conventional filter circuit as shown in FIG. 1 cannot realize a filter that can reliably separate communication signals in close proximity to each other.

  Furthermore, in order to increase the inductance of the inductor L11, it is necessary to change the design, for example, by increasing the number of windings of the conductor of the inductor L11, and the circuit size tends to increase. For this reason, if there is an upper limit in inductance, insertion loss must be sacrificed to some extent in terms of circuit size.

  In view of such a problem, an object of the present invention is to provide a small LC filter circuit and a high-frequency module that have low insertion loss and can obtain steep attenuation characteristics.

In the LC filter circuit of the present invention, a first inductor connected at a first end to a signal line connecting the first input / output terminal and the second input / output terminal, a second inductor, and the second inductor are connected in parallel. It comprises a first LC parallel circuit of the capacitor connected, the first circuit having. The LC filter circuit has a second inductor having a first inductor connected to the signal line, and a second LC parallel circuit including a fourth inductor and a capacitor connected in parallel to the fourth inductor. The circuit is provided. The first inductor and the second inductor are arranged to be magnetically coupled. The third inductor and the fourth inductor are arranged so as to be magnetically coupled. One connection point between the second inductor and the capacitor of the first LC parallel circuit, and the fourth one of the connection point between the inductor and the capacitor of the second LC parallel circuit, via the Capacity data for grounding the ground Has been. The capacitor of the first LC parallel circuit is formed by a parasitic capacitor by a second inductor, and the capacitor of the second LC parallel circuit is formed by a parasitic capacitor by a fourth inductor.

  In this configuration, the first inductor and the second inductor constituting the LC parallel circuit are magnetically coupled to form a mutual inductor. As a result, a filter circuit including four circuit elements of the first inductor, the second inductor, the mutual inductor, and the capacitor is configured by only the three circuit elements of the first inductor, the second inductor, and the capacitor. Therefore, it is possible to realize an attenuation characteristic and an attenuation pole that cannot be realized only by a combination of one inductor and one LC parallel circuit, without actually increasing the number of circuit elements formed in the multilayer body.

  In the LC filter circuit of the present invention, it is preferable that the second end opposite to the first end of the first inductor is grounded or grounded via an element such as a capacitor or an inductor.

  In this configuration, an example of a specific LC filter circuit is shown. In this configuration, the first inductor is connected between the signal line and the ground, and the second inductor of the LC parallel circuit is magnetically coupled to the first inductor. With such a circuit configuration, it is possible to configure a filter having a specific frequency band as a pass band and an attenuation band on the higher frequency side and the lower frequency side than the pass band. As will be described later, by appropriately setting each circuit element, the attenuation characteristic on the low frequency side can be steeply inclined, and the characteristic having the attenuation pole on the high frequency side of the pass band can be realized. That is, it is possible to realize a filter circuit that can prevent the passband width from becoming unnecessarily wide and can increase the attenuation at both ends of the passband.

  In the LC filter circuit of the present invention, it is preferable that the inductance of the second inductor is larger than the inductance of the first inductor.

  With this configuration, the above-described characteristics can be realized more effectively.

  The capacitor of the LC filter circuit of the present invention is preferably a parasitic capacitor of the second inductor.

  In this configuration, a capacitor can also be realized on the circuit without actually being formed in the multilayer body. Thereby, further downsizing becomes possible.

  The high frequency module of the present invention has a configuration of an LC filter circuit. The high-frequency module includes a laminate in which a plurality of dielectric layers are laminated, and a conductive pattern that is provided on the dielectric layer and forms a first inductor, a second inductor, and a capacitor. It is preferable that at least a part of the conductive pattern forming the first inductor and the conductive pattern forming the second inductor face each other along the stacking direction of the stacked body.

  In this configuration, a specific structural example of the high-frequency module forming the above-described LC filter circuit is shown.

  The high-frequency module of the present invention has a plurality of LC filter circuit configurations. The high-frequency module includes a laminate in which a plurality of dielectric layers are laminated, and a conductive pattern that is provided on the dielectric layer and forms a first inductor, a second inductor, and a capacitor. It is preferable that at least a part of the conductive pattern forming the first inductor and the conductive pattern forming the second inductor face each other in the stacking direction of the stacked body for each of the plurality of LC filter circuits.

  This configuration shows a specific structural example of a high-frequency module in which a plurality of the above-described LC filter circuits are formed.

  According to the present invention, an LC filter circuit that has a low insertion loss and can obtain steep attenuation characteristics can be formed with a simple circuit configuration and a small size.

FIG. 11 is a circuit diagram of an LC filter circuit used in Patent Document 1. 1 is a circuit diagram of an LC filter circuit 1 according to a first embodiment. It is a transmission characteristic figure of LC filter circuit 1 concerning a 1st embodiment, and the conventional LC filter circuit. It is an equivalent circuit diagram in consideration of mutual inductance M of LC filter circuit 10 concerning a 1st embodiment. FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of an LC filter circuit 1A according to a second embodiment. It is a transmission characteristic figure of LC filter circuit 1A concerning a 2nd embodiment. It is a partial stacking figure of the high frequency module provided with 1 A of LC filter circuits which concern on 2nd Embodiment. It is a partial stacking figure of the high frequency module provided with 1 A of LC filter circuits which concern on 2nd Embodiment. It is a partial stacking figure of the high frequency module provided with 1 A of LC filter circuits which concern on 2nd Embodiment.

  A filter circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the LC filter circuit 1 according to the first embodiment.

  The LC filter circuit 1 includes a first input / output terminal P1 and a second input / output terminal P2. The first input / output terminal P1 and the second input / output terminal P2 are connected by a signal line 100. The first inductor 101 has a first end connected to the signal line 100 and a second end opposite to the first end connected to the ground (grounded). The inductance of the first inductor 101 is L1.

  The first end of the second inductor 102 and the first end of the capacitor 103 are connected, and the second end of the second inductor 102 and the second end of the capacitor 103 are connected. Thereby, the LC parallel circuit 10 including the second inductor 102 and the capacitor 103 is configured. The connection point between the second inductor 102 of the LC parallel circuit 10 and the second ends of the capacitor 103 is connected to the ground. The inductance of the second inductor 102 is L2, and the capacitance of the capacitor 103 is C1.

  The first inductor 101 and the second inductor 102 are arranged so as to be magnetically coupled by a structure in a laminated body to be described later. As a result, a mutual inductance M is generated between the first inductor 101 and the second inductor 102. At this time, the first inductor 101 and the second inductor 102 are arranged so that mutual inductance acts on each inductor at −M by magnetic field coupling.

  The LC filter circuit 1 having such a configuration has the following transmission characteristics (transmission characteristics (S (2,1) and reflection characteristics S (1,1)). FIG. Fig. 3B is a transmission characteristic diagram of the LC filter circuit 1 according to the embodiment, and Fig. 3B is a transmission characteristic diagram of the conventional LC filter circuit shown in Fig. 2. Note that Figs. B) is a simulation result, and is set so that 2.5 GHz becomes the center frequency of the pass band.

As specific element value settings, the following settings are used.
In FIG. 3A, the first and second input / output terminals P1 and P2 are set to 50Ω termination, the inductance L1 of the first inductor 101 is 1.0 nH, and the inductance L2 of the second inductor 102 is 8.0 nH. The internal resistances of the first and second inductors 101 and 102 are set to 10Ω. Further, the capacitance C1 of the capacitor 103 is set to 0.5 pF, and the internal resistance of the parallel circuit composed of the inductor 102 and the capacitor 103 is set to 10Ω. In FIG. 3B, the inductance is set to 1 nH and the capacitance is set to 6.0 pF.

  If the configuration of this embodiment is used, as shown in FIG. 3A, the frequency width of the pass band can be narrowed, and steep attenuation characteristics can be realized on the low frequency side and the high frequency side of the pass band. . In particular, an attenuation pole can be formed on the high frequency side. And in this configuration, the 3 dB bandwidth is 640 MHz. Here, the 3 dB bandwidth indicates a frequency range in which the attenuation amount is −3 dB with reference to the attenuation amount of the frequency with the smallest pass loss. The insertion loss IL is 0.56 dB.

  On the other hand, when the conventional configuration is used, as shown in FIG. 3B, the frequency width of the pass band is widened, and both the low frequency side and the high frequency side of the pass band have gentle attenuation characteristics. In this conventional configuration, the 3 dB bandwidth is 1980 MHz, and the insertion loss is 1.53 dB.

  As described above, by using the configuration of the present embodiment, a narrow pass band can be obtained, and a steep attenuation characteristic can be obtained on the low frequency side and the high frequency side of the pass band, and an LC filter circuit with small insertion loss can be realized can do. That is, an LC filter circuit having excellent transmission characteristics can be realized. In particular, if the attenuation pole on the high frequency side is set so as to substantially match the frequency band of other communication signals using adjacent frequencies that are transmitted and received by the communication module in which the LC filter circuit is mounted, two types of communication Sufficient isolation can be ensured between transmission / reception circuits that transmit and receive signals.

  This can be realized because the LC filter circuit 1 of the present embodiment has a circuit configuration equivalent to the following equivalent circuit. The LC filter circuit 1 can be regarded as an equivalent circuit shown in FIG. 4 due to electromagnetic coupling between the first inductor 101 and the second inductor 102. FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram in consideration of the mutual inductance M of the LC filter circuit 1 according to the first embodiment.

  In the LC filter circuit 1 as an equivalent circuit, a first end of an inductor 111 made of an inductance (L1-M) is connected to a signal line. The second end of the inductor 111 is connected to the first end of an inductor 113 made of an inductance M and the first end of an inductor 112 made of an inductance (L2-M). The second end of the inductor 112 is connected to the first end of a capacitor 103 made of a capacitance C1. The second end of the inductor 113 and the second end of the capacitor 103 are connected to the ground. As a result, a parallel circuit of the LC series circuit of the inductor 112 having the inductance (L2-M) and the capacitor 103 and the inductor 113 having the inductance M is configured.

  In such a circuit configuration, on the low frequency side of the pass band, the magnetic coupling between the first inductor 101 and the second inductor 102 is weak, and the first inductor directly connected to the signal line has the transmission characteristics of the LC filter circuit 1. A big contribution. The impedance of the circuit connected from the signal line 100 to the ground via the first inductor 101 is also compared because the frequency is low and the first inductance L1 is smaller and smaller than the second inductance L2. Small. For this reason, the signal transmitted through the signal line 100 easily flows to the ground via the first inductor 101. Thereby, an attenuation region having a predetermined attenuation amount and attenuation characteristic is formed on the low frequency side of the pass band.

  Next, in the pass band, it is necessary to consider the existence of the mutual inductance M, and the parallel resonance circuit of the inductor 113 having the mutual inductance M, the inductance 112 having the inductance (L2-M), and the capacitor 103 having the capacitance C1 is an LC filter. This greatly contributes to the transmission characteristics of the circuit 1. At the resonant frequency of the parallel resonant circuit, the impedance of the parallel circuit is maximized. For this reason, in the pass band, when the ground side is viewed from the signal line 100, it can be considered that the inductor 111 having the inductance (L1-M) and the parallel resonant circuit having a large impedance are connected. As a result, in the pass band, it can be considered that a large impedance is connected from the signal line 100 to the ground side in the frequency band corresponding to the resonance frequency, and the communication signal is not attenuated without being attenuated. Transmitted between output terminals. Furthermore, since the mutual inductance M has no conductor loss, the Q value of the parallel resonant circuit is very high. Therefore, it is possible to realize a filter having a narrow band and little attenuation in the pass band.

  Next, on the higher frequency side than the passband, it is necessary to consider the existence of the mutual inductance M. From the inductor 111 having the inductance (L1-M), the inductor 112 having the inductance (L2-M), and the capacitor having the capacitance C1. This series resonance circuit greatly contributes to the transmission characteristics of the LC filter circuit 1. At the resonance frequency of the series resonance circuit, the impedance is minimum, and at the resonance frequency, the communication signal almost flows to the ground. Therefore, the communication signal is hardly transmitted between the first and second input / output terminals. By setting the resonance frequency so as to be substantially the same as the vicinity of the high frequency side of the pass band, in particular, the frequency of another adjacent communication signal, the attenuation characteristic on the high frequency side can be improved.

  Thus, by realizing the LC filter circuit 1 with the circuit configuration as described above, the inductor 111, the inductor 112, the inductor 112, the inductor 112, 113 and a circuit with four circuit elements of the capacitor 103 can be realized. That is, the LC filter circuit 10 composed of four circuit elements can be realized simply by forming three circuit elements in the laminate. Thereby, the size can be reduced as compared with the case where four circuit elements are formed in the laminate.

  As described above, by using the configuration of this embodiment, an LC filter circuit having a narrow passband, excellent attenuation characteristics, and low insertion loss can be realized in a small size.

  Next, an LC filter circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the LC filter circuit 1A of the second embodiment. The LC filter circuit 1A of the present embodiment has a configuration including two LC filter circuits 1 using mutual inductances as shown in the first embodiment.

  A capacitor 105, an inductor 104, and a capacitor 106 are connected in series from the first input / output terminal P1 side between the first input / output terminal P1 and the second input / output terminal P2.

  A connection point between the capacitor 105 and the inductor 104 is connected to the ground via the inductor 101A and the capacitor 200. The inductor 102A is formed and arranged so as to generate a mutual inductance M1 by magnetic coupling with the inductor 101A. At this time, the inductor 101A and the inductor 102A are arranged so that mutual inductance acts on each inductor at −M1 by magnetic field coupling. The first end of the capacitor 103A is connected to the first end of the inductor 102A, and the second end of the capacitor 103A is connected to the second end of the inductor 102A. Thereby, a parallel circuit of the inductor 102A and the capacitor 103A is configured. The second ends of the inductor 102A and the capacitor 103A are connected to the ground via the capacitor 200.

  A connection point between the inductor 104 and the capacitor 106 is connected to the ground via the inductor 101B and the capacitor 200. The inductor 102B is formed and arranged so as to generate a mutual inductance M2 by magnetic coupling with the inductor 101B. At this time, the inductor 101B and the inductor 102B are arranged so that mutual inductance acts on each inductor at −M2 by magnetic field coupling. The first end of the capacitor 103B is connected to the first end of the inductor 102B, and the second end of the capacitor 103B is connected to the second end of the inductor 102B. Thereby, a parallel circuit of the inductor 102B and the capacitor 103B is configured. The second ends of the inductor 102B and the capacitor 103B are connected to the ground via the capacitor 200.

  Here, the inductors 101A and 101B correspond to the first inductor described above, and the inductors 102A and 102B correspond to the second inductor described above.

  The LC filter circuit 1A having such a configuration has the following transmission characteristics (transmission characteristics (S (2,1) and reflection characteristics S (1,1)). FIG. 6 shows the second embodiment. 6 is a transmission characteristic diagram of the LC filter circuit 1A according to Fig. 6. Fig. 6 is an experimental result, and is set so that the vicinity of 2.4 GHz is the center frequency of the passband.

  As shown in FIG. 6, by using the LC filter circuit 1A having the configuration of the present embodiment, an LC filter circuit having a large attenuation band attenuation amount can be realized without deteriorating the insertion loss. In particular, with the circuit configuration as shown in FIG. 5, attenuation poles are formed on both the low frequency side and the high frequency side of the passband. Accordingly, if the attenuation pole is set so that the use frequency band substantially matches the frequency band of a plurality of adjacent communication signals, a high-frequency front-end circuit that can secure higher isolation between the circuits of the plurality of communication signals is provided. realizable.

  A high-frequency module including such an LC filter circuit 1A can be realized by a laminated body as described above, and each inductor and capacitor may be formed in the following shape.

  FIG. 7, FIG. 8, and FIG. 9 are partial stacking diagrams of a high-frequency module including the LC filter circuit 1A according to the second embodiment. 7 and 8, only the inductors 101A, 101B, 102A, and 102B shown in FIG. 5 are shown. FIG. 9 shows only the capacitor 200 shown in FIG.

  In each dielectric layer shown in FIGS. 7A to 7D, the open-loop electrode patterns constituting the inductors 101A and 101B are formed so that the electrode patterns overlap at least partially in the stacking direction. Has been. The electrode pattern of each layer is formed so as to have a spiral shape with the stacking direction as the axial direction by connecting them in the stacking direction with via electrodes. The inductors 101A and 101B are connected to the ground potential from the dielectric layer shown in FIG. 7D through the electrode pattern of the capacitor 200 shown in FIG.

  In each dielectric layer shown in FIGS. 8A to 8D, the open loop electrode patterns constituting the inductors 102A and 102B are formed such that the electrode patterns overlap at least partially in the stacking direction. Has been. The electrode pattern of each layer is formed so as to have a spiral shape with the stacking direction as the axial direction by connecting them in the stacking direction with via electrodes. The inductors 102A and 102B are connected to the ground potential from the dielectric layer shown in FIG. 8D through the electrode pattern of the capacitor 200 shown in FIG.

  In each dielectric layer shown in FIG. 9, a planar electrode pattern 200A and an inner ground electrode GND are formed so as to face each other. With this configuration, the capacitor 200 is formed.

  At this time, the electrode pattern constituting the inductor 101A is formed such that the electrode patterns overlap at least partially in the stacking direction with respect to the electrode pattern constituting the inductor 102A. By changing the overlapping area of the electrode pattern constituting the inductor 101A and the electrode pattern constituting the inductor 102A and the distance in the stacking direction between the electrode patterns, the value of the mutual inductor M1 generated between the inductor 101A and the inductor 102A is appropriately set. The characteristics of the LC filter 1A can be adjusted as necessary.

  Similarly, the electrode pattern constituting the inductor 101B is formed such that the electrode patterns overlap at least partially in the stacking direction with respect to the electrode pattern constituting the inductor 102B. By changing the overlapping area of the electrode pattern constituting the inductor 101B and the electrode pattern constituting the inductor 102B and the distance in the stacking direction between the electrode patterns, the value of the mutual inductor M1 generated between the inductor 101B and the inductor 102B is appropriately set. The characteristics of the LC filter 1A can be adjusted as necessary.

  Further, the capacitor 103A shown in FIG. 5 is realized by a parasitic capacitor generated by the electrode pattern of the inductor 102A and the electrode pattern 200A of the capacitor 200 overlapping in the stacking direction. 5 is realized by a parasitic capacitor that is generated when the electrode pattern of the inductor 102B and the electrode pattern 200A of the capacitor 200 overlap in the stacking direction. The capacitance required for the LC filter circuit 1A can be obtained by the overlapping area and the number of dielectric layers between the overlapping electrodes.

  Here, as described above, if the capacitance is large, the insertion loss increases. Therefore, in the LC filter circuit 1A of the present embodiment, it is only necessary to obtain a capacitance within a predetermined range with the minimum necessary. Therefore, if the capacitors 103A and 103B are realized by the parasitic capacitors generated between the inductors 102A and 102B and the capacitor 200 using the electrode pattern configurations shown in FIGS. 7, 8, and 9, the capacitances of the capacitors 103A and 103B are realized. The electrode structure necessary for the configuration of the present embodiment can be realized in a small size so that the inductance of the inductors 102A and 102B is increased in order to improve the insertion loss.

  In addition, as shown in the above description, the high-frequency module including the LC filter circuit according to the present embodiment can be layered in LTCC (Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramics), so that the same narrow band pass characteristics can be realized. The SAW filter can be made smaller than a high-frequency module having a separate SAW filter and mounting the SAW filter on the top surface of the laminate.

  In the second embodiment described above, an example in which two LC filter circuits shown in the first embodiment are provided is shown, but three or more LC filter circuits may be provided.

  Further, the inductance and capacitance shown in the above embodiment are examples for realizing the configuration of this embodiment, and the inductance is used so that the characteristic characteristic of the present invention as described above can be obtained as the LC filter circuit. It is also possible to set the capacitance to other values as appropriate.

1, 1A: LC filter circuit, 10, 10A, 10B: LC parallel circuit, 100: signal line,
101: first inductor, 102: second inductor, 103, 103A, 103B, 200: capacitor
101A, 101B, 102A, 102B, 104: inductor,

Claims (5)

A first inductor comprising a first inductor connected to a first end of a signal line connecting the first input / output terminal and the second input / output terminal, a second inductor and a capacitor connected in parallel to the second inductor. A first circuit having an LC parallel circuit;
A second circuit having a third inductor connected to the first end with respect to the signal line, and a second LC parallel circuit including a fourth inductor and a capacitor connected in parallel to the fourth inductor; With
The first inductor and the second inductor are magnetically coupled, and the third inductor and the fourth inductor are magnetically coupled,
The second one connection point between the inductor and the capacitor of the first LC parallel circuit, and the fourth one of the connection point between the inductor and the capacitor of the second LC parallel circuit, via the Capacity data for grounding is grounded Te,
The capacitor of the first LC parallel circuit is formed of a parasitic capacitor by the second inductor,
The capacitor of the second LC parallel circuit is formed of a parasitic capacitor by the fourth inductor,
LC filter circuit. The second end of the first inductor and a side opposite to the first end of the third inductor, through the Capacity data for grounding is grounded, LC filter circuit according to claim 1. The inductance of the second inductor is greater than the first inductance,
The LC filter circuit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an inductance of the fourth inductor is larger than the third inductance. Capacitor of the first LC parallel circuit, Ri parasitic capacitor der by said second inductor and capacitor for the ground,
The capacitor of the second LC parallel circuit, the fourth that have been formed in the parasitic capacitor due to the inductor and the capacitor for the ground, LC filter circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The LC filter circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising:
A laminate in which a plurality of dielectric layers are laminated;
Provided in the dielectric layer, comprising: the first inductor, the second inductor and the capacitor; the third inductor, the fourth inductor and the capacitor;
The conductive pattern forming the first inductor and the conductive pattern forming the second inductor are at least partially opposed in the stacking direction of the stacked body,
The conductive pattern forming the third inductor and the conductive pattern forming the fourth inductor are at least partially opposed in the stacking direction of the stacked body.

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