JP5781713B1 - Joint structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a joint structure that has a high degree of freedom in setting the pose of a limb, can hold the same pose for a long time even when a heavy load is applied, is relatively simple in structure, and is easy to disassemble and assemble. . A flat plate portion having an engagement surface in which a plurality of notches are formed inside a smooth periphery, and a first columnar portion extending in parallel with the flat plate portion, the flat plate portion being pivotally supported. The first member is formed, a plate-like member having a plurality of valleys formed on the periphery and a plurality of notches formed on the surface, and a peak part that is spline-coupled with the valleys of the plate-like member is formed on the inner peripheral surface. And a second columnar portion extending in a direction orthogonal to the peak portion, and the plate is engaged with the flat plate portion and a second member on which the storage portion is pivotally supported. And an pressing member that presses the plate member so as to be separated from the flat plate portion when receiving an external force that opposes the applying force of the elastic member. [Selection] Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a joint structure in which a doll, a mannequin, or the like can perform an operation such as bending an elbow or turning a palm, and can hold the pose for a long period of time.

The mannequin is used as a substitute for the human body in the apparel field for display of clothes, for collision experiments in automobiles, for education of doctors and nurses, and in the safety field and the medical field. However, when the joints such as the shoulders, arms, and legs do not move, the posture remains fixed, making it difficult to reproduce changes in the limbs close to the human body. Accordingly, various proposals have been made for moving joint structures.
For example, a flexible arm of a mannequin has been proposed in which a corrugated sheet formed of a wire rod is wound around a corrugated plate to form a plurality of straight portions, and these are connected via a bent portion having at least one angle division body. (See Patent Document 1). However, when a mannequin having such a structure is dressed, the clothes are caught on the connecting parts of the limbs. Therefore, the concave spherical portion formed on the upper arm, the convex spherical portion of the shoulder fitted to the concave spherical portion, and the tension spring connected to the rotatable rotation shaft member are connected through the slit formed on the convex spherical portion. It can be attached to the inside of the upper arm body, allowing the arm to swing and take various postures, so that the outer part of the upper arm part, the convex spherical part part and the shoulder part are almost the same curved shape There has been proposed a mannequin arm structure that improves the wearing feeling when dressed and can maintain a constant posture without swinging the arm due to the tension of the spring when the upper arm is lowered (see Patent Document 2) ).
On the other hand, many figures imitating TV and animation characters have been produced recently, and various methods for moving the joints to reproduce various forms have been proposed.
For example, the arm member and the shoulder portion are integrally coupled with the connecting member, and the spring member provided on the support rod of the connecting member is movably held in the fitting recess of the shoulder portion, so that the shape of the raised shoulder portion is The doll's shoulder structure (see Patent Document 3), which can be rotated without breaking the form of the deltoid muscle when the arm member is rotated in the front-rear direction, and is expressed by a rotating shaft. In the spherical joint composed of the one end joint and the other end joint, through holes are provided on the front and back surfaces extending from the center of the circular connecting plate of the one end joint to the outer periphery, and the rotating shaft penetrates. A doll's spherical joint whose bending angle is increased by allowing it to move along the long hole (see Patent Document 4), and two joints connected to the joint body in which the rotation shafts of the first member and the second member are formed. One end of the member is rotatably fixed, and the other end is fixed to the first member and the first member. There has been proposed a doll joint structure etc. that allows the arm and legs to move freely along a long hole provided in each member, so that the arm and leg can perform a movement close to a human being. (See Patent Document 5).

JP 2002-153363 A Japanese Patent No. 3905499 JP 2000-37567 A JP 2006-346285 A Japanese Patent No. 5027903

However, it is important to improve the movement of the joints in order to reproduce various forms of the figure, and it is not important to apply a load or keep the posture constant for a long time under the load. On the other hand, it is important for the mannequin to keep the posture constant over a long period of time, and in particular, in the apparel field, it is necessary to keep the posture constant for a long time with clothes on and with a load applied. In order to reduce manufacturing costs, it is desirable that the structure be as simple as possible and that disassembly and assembly be easy.
In view of the above circumstances, the present invention has a high degree of freedom in setting the pose of the limbs, can hold the same pose for a long time even when a heavy load is applied, has a relatively simple structure, and is easy to disassemble and assemble. An object is to provide a joint structure.

The joint structure of the present invention includes a flat plate portion having an engagement surface in which a plurality of notches are formed inside a smooth peripheral edge, and a first columnar portion extending in parallel with the flat plate portion. A plate member in which a plurality of troughs are formed on the periphery and a plurality of notches are formed on the surface, and a mountain that is spline-coupled to the troughs of the plate member on the inner peripheral surface. And a second columnar portion extending in a direction perpendicular to the mountain portion, and the housing portion is engaged with the flat plate portion and the second member on which the housing portion is pivotally supported. an elastic member for biasing the plate-like member, when subjected to an external force opposing the urging force of the elastic member, a pressing member for pressing the plate-like member so as to be separated from said flat plate portion, the preparation for, if the external force exceeds the aforementioned urging force the first member and the second member is relatively rotated, it external force is released , Characterized in that the first member and the second member is held at an arbitrary angle.
In this case, the accommodating portion has a peripheral end surface that is slidably abutted on the peripheral edge of the flat plate portion, and an engagement with which the plate member is engaged with the flat plate portion, on the opening portion side that accommodates the plate member. The elastic member is accommodated in the moving space together with the plate-like member and is pivotally supported by the accommodating portion. .
Thus, the plate-like member (the plate-like member by pivotally supporting the flat plate portion of the first member and the accommodating portion of the second member and spline-connecting the plate-like member formed with a plurality of notches to the accommodating portion) The first member) and the housing part (second member) rotate together, and the smooth peripheral edge of the flat plate part and the peripheral end surface of the housing part are slidably in contact with each other. It has a structure that can rotate freely. Therefore, if engaged by energizing a plurality of notches are formed plate-shaped member in the flat plate portion in which a plurality of notches are formed, notches comrade securely engage, and the first member and the second member relative Cannot be rotated. However, if an external force (for example, a force pressed by a finger) exceeding the biasing force of the elastic member is applied, the plate member is pushed away from the flat plate portion by being pressed by the pressing member, and the flat plate portion and the plate member The engagement is released, and the first member and the second member can be relatively rotated. Therefore, by applying an external force to rotate the first member and the second member to an arbitrary angle and releasing the external force there, the first member and the second member can be held at an arbitrary angle.
Here, the pressing member is a bottomed cylindrical portion having an opening, and the flat plate portion has a through-hole into which the cylindrical portion is movably fitted, and the plate-like member is when moved to the spacing position, the bottom side of the cylindrical portion from the flat plate portion protrudes, when the plate-like member is moved to the engaging position, the open end of the cylindrical portion from the flat plate portion it is preferable to protrude, the flat plate portion, on the back side of the engagement surface, which the wall surrounding the supporting portion and the outer circumference of the rotating shaft for supporting the flat plate portion and the housing portion are formed And a fourth member that supports the rotating shaft on the housing portion side, and an annular protrusion that abuts the opening end of the cylindrical portion protruding from the flat plate portion, and is movably fitted to the wall surface. And a fifth member.
In this way, if the pressing member is a bottomed cylindrical portion having an opening and is movably fitted in a through hole provided in the center of the flat plate portion, an external force is transmitted to the plate member, and the plate member Is easily moved to the separated position. In addition, if there is a fifth member that has an annular projection that contacts the opening of the cylindrical portion, is movably fitted to the wall surface of the flat plate portion, and presses the annular projection, the external force can be transmitted. Easy.
Here, either one or both of the first columnar part and the second columnar part have an end surface in which a plurality of notches are formed, and includes an opposing surface in which a plurality of notches are formed, A third member pivotally supported by the first columnar part or the second columnar part having the end face; a combination of the first columnar part and the third member; and a combination of the second columnar member and the third member Either one or both of them can be rotated relatively when the facing surface is separated from the end surface, and non-rotating when the facing surface is engaged with the end surface.
In that case, the third member is a cylindrical body having a housing space spring biasing said opposing surface towards said end face is accommodated, opposite the biasing force of the spring, the biasing force when subjected to an external force greater than the said facing surfaces are spaced from the end surface, when the external force is below the biasing force, it is preferable that the facing surface so as to engage the end face.
As described above, a plurality of notches are formed on one or both end surfaces of the first columnar portion and the second columnar portion, and a third member having an opposing surface on which the plurality of notches are formed is attached by a spring . If the third member is screwed to the upper arm or the lower arm after being pivotally supported by the first columnar part or the second columnar part, a surface on which the first member and the second member relatively rotate, Can rotate the first member or the second member in the orthogonal direction.

The joint structure of the mannequin of the present invention is a joint structure of a mannequin that can hold the elbow bent at an arbitrary angle, and has a flat plate portion having an engagement surface formed with a plurality of notches inside a smooth periphery, A first columnar portion extending in parallel with the flat plate portion, the first member on which the flat plate portion is pivotally supported, a plurality of valleys formed on the periphery, and a plurality of notches formed on the surface. A plate-shaped member, an accommodating portion in which an inner peripheral surface is formed with a peak portion that is splined with a valley portion of the plate-shaped member, and a second columnar portion that extends in a direction perpendicular to the peak portion. , received a second member to which the housing part is rotatably supported, and an elastic member for biasing the plate-like member into engagement with the flat plate portion, a first external force opposing the urging force of the elastic member A pressing member for pressing the plate member so as to be separated from the flat plate portion, the first columnar portion, and the above Each second columnar section, toward the end face in which a plurality of notches are formed is biased by a spring, the opposite surface having a plurality of notches are formed is rotatably supported by the first columnar portion or the second columnar portion該記A third member, and the first member and the second member rotate relative to each other when the first external force exceeds the biasing force, and an arbitrary angle as long as the first external force is released. is held in, the first columnar portion and the third member or the second columnar portion and the third member, is opposed to the biasing force of the spring, when the second external force exceeding the biasing force is applied, the When the second external force is released by relatively rotating, the rotation is relatively non-rotating.
In this case, the accommodating portion has a peripheral end surface that is slidably abutted on the peripheral edge of the flat plate portion, and an engagement with which the plate member is engaged with the flat plate portion, on the opening portion side that accommodates the plate member. The elastic member is accommodated in the moving space together with the plate member, and has a moving space in which the plate member moves freely between a joint position and a separated position where the plate member is separated from the flat plate portion. journalled is enough, the third member is a cylindrical body having a housing space spring biasing said opposing surface towards said end face is accommodated, when receiving the second external force When the opposing surface is separated from the end surface and the second external force is released, the opposing surface is engaged with the end surface, and the pressing member is a bottomed cylindrical portion having an opening, The flat plate portion has a through-hole into which the cylindrical portion is movably fitted, and the plate-like member is When moved to the serial spacing position, the bottom side of the cylindrical portion from the flat plate portion protrudes, when the plate-like member is moved to the engaging position, the open end of the cylindrical portion from the flat plate portion protrude above the flat plate portion, on the back side of the engagement surface, which support portion of the rotating shaft for supporting the said flat plate portion and the housing portion, and a wall surface surrounding the periphery are formed, It has a fourth member that supports the pivot shaft on the housing portion side, and an annular protrusion that abuts the opening end of the cylindrical portion protruding from the flat plate portion, and is movably fitted to the wall surface. And a fifth member.
In this way, the plate member and the second member housing portion are pivotally supported so that the plate member formed with a plurality of notches is splined to the housing portion. Since the housing portion rotates integrally, and the smooth peripheral edge of the flat plate portion and the opening of the housing portion are slidably in contact with each other, the flat plate portion (first member) and the housing portion (second member) are free. Rotate. However, if engaged by energizing a plurality of notches are formed plate-shaped member in the flat plate portion in which a plurality of notches are formed, the first member and the second member because notches each other engage fully times Fixed without moving. Moreover, since the pressing member which separates a plate-shaped member from a flat plate part when the 1st external force (for example, the force pressed with a finger) which opposes the urging | biasing force of an elastic member and it applies is added, a flat plate part and a plate-shaped member are provided. The engagement is released, and the first member and the second member can be relatively rotated. On the other hand, the end surface of the first columnar portion and the second columnar portion to form a plurality of notches, the first columnar portion or a second columnar to bias the third member having a facing surface having a plurality of notches are formed in the spring If the third member is screwed to the upper arm or the lower arm after being pivotally supported by the portion, if a second external force (for example, a pulling force by hand) exceeding the biasing force of the spring is applied, the first external force and the first member The first columnar part or the second columnar part can be rotated in a direction orthogonal to the surface that rotates the second member. And if those external forces are released, they will not rotate. Therefore, the first member and the second member can be held at an arbitrary angle.

According to the joint structure of the present invention, a plurality of notches are formed, a rotatably supported by the member disposed opposite each other in the notch is configured to engage the urging force of the compression coil spring, the biasing force It is configured so that the meshing of the opposing surfaces is released only when an external force that exceeds the opposing biasing force is applied, so the joints such as elbows of dolls and mannequins can be bent to any angle, It is easy to hold for a long time. Further, by adjusting the pitch and number of notches, a sufficient meshing force can be obtained, so that even if a weight load is applied to a joint bent at an arbitrary angle, it can sufficiently withstand. Further, if a plurality of opposing surfaces with notches are provided, not only bending but also rotation can be performed simultaneously. Furthermore, the main parts are simple in structure, easy to mold, and easy to disassemble and assemble.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a joint structure of the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing components of the joint structure of the present embodiment. FIG. 3A is a left side view of the first member. FIG. 3-2 is a front view of the first member. FIG. 3-3 is a right side view of the first member. FIG. 3-4 is a bottom view of the first member. FIG. 4A is a left side view of the cylindrical portion. FIG. 4B is a front view of the cylindrical portion. FIG. 4-3 is a right side view of the cylindrical portion. FIG. 4-4 is a top view of the cylindrical portion. FIG. 5A is a left side view of the second member. FIG. 5-2 is a front view of the second member. FIG. 5C is a right side view of the second member. FIG. 5-4 is a top view of the second member. FIG. 6A is a left side view of the plate-like member. FIG. 6B is a front view of the plate member. FIG. 6-3 is a right side view of the plate-like member. FIG. 7-1 is a left side view of the fourth member. FIG. 7-2 is a front view of the fourth member. FIG. 7-3 is a right side view of the fourth member. FIG. 8-1 is a left side view of the fifth material. FIG. 8-2 is a front view of the fifth member. FIG. 8-3 is a right side view of the fifth member. FIG. 9-1 is a left side view of the third material. FIG. 9-2 is a front view of the third member. FIG. 9-3 is a top or bottom view of the third member. FIG. 9-4 is a bottom or top view of the third member. FIG. 10-1 is a diagram illustrating a state in which a joint structure is attached to the mannequin elbow. FIG. 10-2 is a cross-sectional view of the upper arm showing a state in which the joint structure is attached to the mannequin elbow. FIG. 10-3 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the elbow of the mannequin with the joint structure attached.

Below, embodiment of the joint structure of the doll or mannequin of this invention is described based on figures.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a joint structure of the present embodiment.
The joint structure 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a first member 10 having a flat plate portion 15 and a first columnar portion 11, a second member 20 having a receiving portion 25 and a second columnar portion 21, and the first columnar portion 11 or the first columnar portion 11. A third member 30 pivotally supported by the two columnar portions 21 and fixed to the arm or leg; a fourth member 40 supporting the rotating shaft 5 pivotally supporting the second member 20 and the first member 10; and an external force A first member 10 and the second member 20 are pivotally attached by the fourth member 40, and when the fifth member 50 is fitted to the first member 10, both sides are sandwiched between columnar bodies. Presents a sphere. The third member 30 has a screw hole 33 for attaching the joint structure 1 to the arm or leg of the doll or mannequin.
In the joint structure 1 of the present embodiment, when the first member 10 and the second member 20 are relatively rotated, the fifth member 50 is pressed with a finger, and when the first member 10 and the second member 20 are rotated to a desired angle, the fifth member 50 When the finger is released, it is fixed at the rotation angle. Also, when the first member 10 and the third member 30 or the second member 20 and the third member 30 are rotated relatively, the third member 30 is rotated after being pulled by hand, and then rotated by a desired angle. When the hand is released from the three members 30, it is fixed at the rotation angle.
Here, the external appearance of the joint structure 1 of the present embodiment is a sphere sandwiched between columnar bodies, but is not necessarily limited to this external appearance, and may be an ellipsoid sandwiched between columnar bodies.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing components of the joint structure of the present embodiment.
The joint structure 1 shown in FIG. 2 includes a first member 10, a second member 20, a third member 30, a fourth member 40, and a fifth member 50 that have an appearance, a cylindrical portion 60 that forms the inside, and a plate shape The member 70, the first compression coil spring (corresponding to the “elastic member” of the present invention, the same applies hereinafter) 2, the second compression coil spring (corresponding to the “spring” of the present invention, the same applies hereinafter) 3, and the washer. 4, the first member 10, the cylindrical portion 60, the plate-like member 70, the first compression coil spring 2, and the second member 20 are pivotally supported by the rotation shaft 5, and the rotation shaft 5 is the first member. 10 and the fourth member 40. Further, the third member 30 is pivotally supported by the first member 10 or the second member 20 with the screw 6 via the second compression coil spring 3 and the washer 4.
Of these components, the first compression coil spring 2, the second compression coil spring 3, the rotating shaft 5, the screw 6 and the washer 4 are commercially available metal parts, and all other parts are molds. It is a resin part manufactured by molding.
The first member 10 includes a flat plate portion 15 having an engagement surface 15a in which a plurality of notches N formed of peaks and valleys are formed radially inside a smooth peripheral edge 14, and a first plate 10 extending in parallel with the flat plate portion 15. The flat plate portion 15 has a through hole 16 in the center. In addition, a plurality of notches N and screw holes 13 formed of peaks and valleys are also formed on the end surface 12 of the first columnar portion 11. Note that a wall surface 17 standing from the periphery and a support portion 18 for supporting the rotating shaft 5 are formed around the back surface side of the flat plate portion 15 that does not appear in the drawing.
One of the cylindrical portions 60 is open and the other is a bottom surface 62. And the two places of the symmetrical position which divided the circumference of the opening into 4 equal parts cut out the wall surface over about half of the cylinder length, and the opening ends 61 of the remaining two places are through holes of the flat plate portion 15. The through-hole 16 can be moved freely by being fitted to the 16.
The plate-like member 70 is a disc having valleys 71 formed at four locations on the periphery and having a screw hole 72 in the center. A plurality of notches N that engage with the flat plate portion 15 are formed on a surface that does not appear in the drawing facing the flat plate portion 15.
The first compression coil spring 2 has an outer diameter larger than that of the screw hole 72 of the plate member 70, and presses the plate member 70 toward the flat plate portion 15.
The second member 20 has four crests 26 that are spline-coupled to the valleys 71 of the plate-like member 70 on the inner peripheral surface, and the accommodating portion 25 that accommodates the plate-like member 70 and the first compression coil spring 2. A second columnar portion 21 extending in a direction orthogonal to the mountain portion 26, and there is a through hole 27 for mounting the first compression coil spring 2 in the center of the accommodating portion 25, and an opening that does not appear in the figure A peripheral end surface 28 that freely slides on the smooth peripheral edge 14 of the flat plate portion 15 is formed on the peripheral edge of the portion. The plate-like member 70 is pivotally supported by the flat plate portion 15 and the accommodating portion 25 and is urged by the first compression coil spring 2. Therefore, the plate-like member 70 normally remains in the engagement position where it engages with the flat plate portion 15. When pushed by the part 60, it moves to a separated position separated from the flat plate part 15. In addition, a plurality of notches N and screw holes 23 formed by peaks and valleys are also formed on the end surface 22 of the second columnar portion 21.

The third member 30 is a cylindrical body having a housing space 31 for housing the second compression coil spring 3 and a screw hole 32 that pivotally supports the first columnar part 11 or the second columnar part 21, and the first columnar part 11. Alternatively, a plurality of notches N are formed radially on the facing surface 35 facing the end surfaces 12 and 22 of the second columnar portion 21 with the screw hole 32 as the center. Two screw holes 33 for fixing the third member 30 to the arm of a doll or a mannequin are provided on the peripheral surface of the cylindrical body.
The second compression coil spring 3 has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the accommodation space 31 of the third member 30. After being accommodated in the accommodation space 31, the first columnar portion 11 is screwed through the washer 4 with the screw 6. Alternatively, it is fixed to the second columnar part 21.
The fourth member 40 forms a hemisphere that covers the through hole 27 of the accommodating portion 25, and a hollow rod-like body 41 reaching the inside of the accommodating portion 25 is extended at the center of the hemisphere, A screw 5 that pivotally supports the first member 10 and the second member 20 is inserted, and the rotating shaft 5 is fixed on the back side of the flat plate portion 15.
The fifth member 50 is a hemispherical body in which a peripheral edge 51 that fits to the wall surface 17 that does not appear in the drawing of the flat plate portion 15, and annular protrusions 52 that abut against the two open ends 61 of the cylindrical portion 60 are formed. When the hemisphere is pushed with a finger, the annular protrusion 52 pushes the two open ends 61, and the plate member 70 moves to the separated position.
When assembling the joint structure 1 using these components, the cylindrical portion 60 is fitted to the flat plate portion 15, the plate-like member 70 is splined to the housing portion 25, and then the engagement surface 15 a of the flat plate portion 15 and the plate The notch surface 70a in which the notch of the shaped member 70 is formed is overlapped face to face. Then, the first compression coil spring 2 is mounted in the through hole 27 of the accommodating portion 25, and the screw hole of the plate-like member 70 and the cylindrical portion 60 is the fourth member 40 that has passed through the rotation shaft 5 to the rod-like body 41. The rotation shaft 5 is inserted into the flat plate portion 15, and the tip of the rotation shaft 5 is fastened with a nut fitted into the support portion 18 of the flat plate portion 15. Then, the annular projecting portion 52 of the fifth member 50 is fitted to the support portion 18, and the peripheral edge 51 is fitted to the wall surface 17 of the flat plate portion 15. On the other hand, the second compression coil spring 3 is mounted in the accommodation space 31 of the third member 30, and the third member 30 is pivotally supported on the first columnar part 11 or the second columnar part 21 by the screw 6 via the washer 4. .

Next, an example of a component molded with resin will be described.
FIGS. 3-1 to 3-4 are diagrams illustrating an example of the first member, FIG. 3-1 is a left side view of the first member, and FIG. 3-2 is a front view of the first member. 3-3 is a right side view of the first member, and FIG. 3-4 is a bottom view of the first member.
The first member shown in FIG. 3A to FIG. Yes. The flat plate portion 15 includes a through hole 16 into which the tubular portion 60 is fitted and a screw support portion 18. One surface of the flat plate portion 15 has a smooth peripheral edge 14, and an inner surface thereof is an engagement surface 15a in which a large number of notches (alternately formed peaks and valleys) N are radially formed. Yes. Then, on the back surface of the engagement surface 15a, a support portion 18 that supports the rotating shaft 5 screwed into the nut is projected from the flat plate portion 15, and the support portion 18 is surrounded by a wall surface 17 that is erected from the periphery. ing. Further, on the engagement surface 15a side, there is a cylindrical space 19 into which the tubular portion 60 is fitted, and on the back surface side of the engagement surface 15a, two symmetrical portions of the support portion 18 are divided into four equal parts. Are provided with through holes 16 into which two wall surfaces 61 of the cylindrical portion are fitted.
Further, the end face 12 of the first columnar part has a screw hole 13, and a large number of notches N are radially formed around the screw hole 13. This end surface 12 is pivotally supported by a third member 30 described later.
The flat plate portion 15 of the present embodiment has a smooth peripheral edge 14, a notch is formed on the inside thereof, and the peripheral end surface 28 of the opening of the accommodating portion 25 is slidably abutted on the smooth peripheral edge 14, so that the first member When 10 and the second member 20 are attached to each other, the two can be relatively rotated.

FIGS. 4-1 to 4-4 are diagrams illustrating an example of the cylindrical portion. FIG. 4A is a left side view of the cylindrical portion. FIG. 4-2 is a front view of the cylindrical portion. 4-3 is a right side view of the tubular portion, and FIG. 4-4 is a top view of the tubular portion.
The cylindrical portion shown in FIGS. 4-1 to 4-4 divides the circumference of the opening into four equal parts, and the two symmetrical wall surfaces are cut out to about half of the cylinder length, and the other two opening ends are opened. 61 is not cut out. Therefore, when the cylindrical portion 60 is fitted into the cylindrical space 19 of the flat plate portion 15 and the two open ends 61 that are not cut are inserted into the through holes 16 provided around the support portion 18, the two not cut portions are provided. The open end 61 and the bottom surface 62 can freely move through the through hole 16.
Meanwhile, the plate-like member 70 is biased to the first compression coil spring 2, since pushing the bottom surface 62 of the cylindrical portion, the bottom surface 62, flat plate portions 15 and flush with, the open end 61 of the two positions is It always protrudes from the flat plate portion 15. However, when the open end 61 of the two locations in the external force exceeding the biasing force is depressed, the bottom surface 62 by pressing the plate-like member 70 is adapted to protrude from the flat plate portion 15.

FIGS. 5-1 to 5-4 are diagrams illustrating an example of the second member, FIG. 5-1 is a left side view of the second member, and FIG. 5-2 is a front view of the second member. 5-3 is a right side view of the second member, and FIG. 5-4 is a top view of the second member.
The second member shown in FIG. 5A to FIG. 5-4 includes the accommodating portion 25 and the second columnar portion 21, and the second columnar portion 21 is the front and back of the plate-like member 70 accommodated in the accommodating portion 25. It is extended in parallel with both surfaces (that is, the direction orthogonal to the peak portion 26). On the opening side of the accommodating portion 25, a peripheral end surface 28 that slides in contact with the smooth outer edge 14 of the flat plate portion 15 and a ridge portion 26 that engages with four valley portions 71 of the plate-like member are formed. There is space. The space is a moving space S in which the plate-like member 70 moves in parallel by spline coupling with the accommodating portion 25. By this spline connection, the plate-like member 70 cannot be rotated unless it is integral with the accommodating portion 25, but can be translated in parallel along the spline. Accordingly, in the movement space S, the plate-like member 70 can freely move between the engagement position where it engages with the flat plate portion 15 and the separation position where it is separated from the flat plate portion 15.
Further, on the opposite side of the opening, there is a circular cut surface 25a with which the hemispherical surface of the fourth member 40 abuts, and in the center there is a large-diameter through hole 27 for mounting the first compression coil spring 2. Further, the end surface 22 of the second columnar portion 21 is formed with a screw hole 23 and a large number of notches N centering on the screw hole 23, and this end surface 22 is pivotally supported by a third member 30 described later. .
Here, since the opening part in the accommodating part 25 of this embodiment is comprised by the same size as the flat plate part 15, when the 1st member 10 and the 2nd member 20 are axially attached, the peripheral end surface 28 of an opening part is Since it contacts the smooth peripheral edge 14 of the flat plate portion 15, the first member 10 and the second member 20 can be relatively rotated.

FIGS. 6A to 6C are diagrams illustrating an example of the plate member, FIG. 6A is a left side view of the plate member, and FIG. 6B is a front view of the plate member. 6-3 is a right side view of the plate-like member.
The plate-like member shown in FIGS. 6A to 6C is a disk having a screw hole 75 in the center, and has four troughs 71 that are spline-coupled to the ridges 26 of the housing portion 25 on the outer periphery. Is provided. On one surface of the disk, a plurality of notches N made up of peaks and valleys are formed radially with the screw hole 75 as the center, and a notch surface 70 a that engages with the flat plate portion 15 is formed. Accordingly, when the plate-like member 70 is pivotally supported and the four valley portions 71 are spline-coupled to the four mountain portions 26 of the accommodating portion 25, the inside of the moving space S of the accommodating portion 25 can be moved in parallel. Then, when it is urged by the first compression coil spring 2 to move to the engaged position engaging the flat plate portion 15, two locations of the tubular portion by an external force exceeding the biasing force of the first compression coil spring 2 When the open end 61 is pushed, it moves to a separation position away from the flat plate portion 15.
In the embodiment, the notch N of the engagement surface 15a and the notch surface 70a has a pitch between crests and crests or troughs and troughs set to 1.0 mm to 3.0 mm, so that the mutual rotation angle can be finely adjusted. Further, since the notch N of the engagement surfaces 15a and notch surface 70a have the same shape, both reliably meshing keep in contact biased, be applied several Kg heavy force, ensures the rotation over time To be suppressed. In addition, the numerical value shown here is an example, Comprising: It is not necessarily limited to these numerical values.

FIGS. 7-1 to 7-3 are diagrams illustrating an example of the fourth member, FIG. 7-1 is a left side view of the fourth member, and FIG. 7-2 is a front view of the fourth member. 7-3 is a right side view of the fourth member.
The fourth member shown in FIGS. 7-1 to 7-3 forms a hemisphere having the same size as the circular cut surface 25a of the accommodating portion 25, and supports the rotating shaft 5 at the center on the inner surface side of the hemisphere. A rod-like body 41 is extended. If the rotating shaft 5 is inserted into the rod-shaped body 41 from the outside of the hemisphere, and the rotating shaft 5 is fastened with a nut fitted in the support portion 18 of the first member 10, the second member 20 and the first member 10. Can be supported.

FIGS. 8-1 to 8-3 are diagrams illustrating an example of the fifth member, FIG. 8-1 is a left side view of the fifth material, and FIG. 8-2 is a front view of the fifth member. 8-3 is a right side view of the fifth member.
The fifth member shown in FIGS. 8A to 8C is a hemisphere, and has an annular protrusion 52 at the center on the inner surface side of the hemisphere, and the protrusion 52 protrudes from the back side of the flat plate portion 15. It is fitted on the provided support portion 18 and comes into contact with two open ends 61 of the cylindrical portion protruding from the through hole 16 formed around the support portion 18.
Further, the peripheral edge 51 on the inner surface side of the hemisphere is movably fitted to the wall surface 17 formed on the back surface side of the flat plate portion 15.
Thus, for example, pressing the fifth member 50 with a finger force exceeding the urging force of the first compression coil spring 2, the opening end 61 of the two locations of the tubular portion by an annular protrusion 52 is pressed, the cylindrical portion The bottom surface 62 of 60 protrudes from the flat plate portion 15, and the plate-like member 70 moves to the separated position. Therefore, the first member 10 and the second member 20 that are pivotally supported by the rotation shaft 5 rotate relatively. Then, the first member 10 since the fifth member 50 plate-like member 70 by the urging force of the first compression coil spring 2 Release the moves to the position where it engages with the flat plate portion 15 and the second member 20, the It is held at the angle and does not rotate.

FIGS. 9-1 to 9-4 are diagrams illustrating an example of the third member, FIG. 9-1 is a left side view of the third member, and FIG. 9-2 is a front view of the third member. 9-3 is a top or bottom view of the third member, and FIG. 9-4 is a bottom or top view of the third member.
The third member shown in FIGS. 9-1 to 9-4 includes an accommodation space 31 that houses the second compression coil spring 3, a screw hole 32 that pivotally supports the first columnar body 11 or the second columnar body 21, and It is a cylindrical body having a screw hole 33 for fixing the third member 30 to the arm of the doll. The side opposite to the side where the accommodation space 31 is formed is a facing surface 30a in which a large number of notches N are formed radially around the screw hole 32. The second compression coil spring 3 accommodated in the accommodation space 31 is pivotally supported by the washer 4 and the screw 6 with respect to the first columnar body 11 or the second columnar body 21, and is fixed to the arm of the doll with a screw.
Thus, for example, the third member 30 by hand force exceeding the biasing force of the second compression coil spring 3 and the first member 10 or the third member 30 when pulled apart and a second member 20 opposing face 30a, the end surface 12, 22 Is disengaged, and the third member 30 and the first member 10 or the third member 30 and the second member 20 rotate relatively. When the hand force for separating the third member 30 and the first member 10 or the third member 30 and the second member 20 is released, the opposing surface 30a and the end surfaces 12 and 22 are engaged again, and a desired rotation angle is obtained. It is fixed with.
Here, in the joint structure 1 of the present embodiment, notches N are formed on the end surfaces 12 and 22 of the first columnar body 11 and the second columnar body 21, respectively, and the first columnar body 11 and the second columnar body 21 are pivoted. the third member 30 respective opposing surface 30a is formed to be supported, but are configured to be urged by the second compression coil spring 3, such end faces 12 and 22 and the facing surface 30a, the second compression coil spring 3 However, it is not always necessary to provide the first columnar body 11 and the third member 30, and the second columnar body 21 and the third member 30, and the other is simply supported by the screw 6. It is good also as a structure. Further, the first columnar part 11 and the second columnar part 21 are not formed in any of the first columnar body 11 and the second columnar body 21 and the third member 30 is not provided. It is good also as a structure directly screwed.

10A to 10C are diagrams illustrating an example in which the joint structure of the present embodiment is applied to the mannequin arm.
FIG. 10-1 is a diagram showing an attachment state, FIG. 10-2 is a cross-sectional view of one attached arm, and FIG. 10-3 is a diagram showing an operation of the joint of the mannequin with the joint structure attached.
As illustrated in FIGS. 10A and 10B, the second compression coil spring 3 accommodated in the accommodation space 31 of the third member 30 is attached to the first columnar body 11 or the second columnar body 21 with the washer 4 and the screw 6. For example, the third member 30 that pivotally supports the first columnar body 11 is inserted into a cavity provided in the upper arm portion 100 of the mannequin, and the screw holes 33 at the two positions of the third member 30 are inserted. A screw is inserted into the upper arm 100 from the side and fixed with a nut. In that case, the 3rd member 30 is fixed so that the surface which bends an elbow and the surface where the 1st member 10 and the 2nd member 20 rotate relatively may correspond. That is, the surface formed by the flat plate portion 15 and the plate-like portion 70 is matched with the surface that bends the elbow.
Similarly, the third member 30 pivotally supporting the second columnar body 21 is inserted into a cavity provided in the lower arm portion 200, and screws are inserted into the two screw holes 33 of the third member 30 from the upper arm portion 200 side. Secure with. Therefore, in the arm of the mannequin to which the joint structure of this embodiment is attached, the first columnar body 11, the second columnar body 21, and the third member 30 are accommodated in the hollow portion, and the first member 10 and the second member 20 A part of the sphere composed of the fourth member 30 and the fifth member is exposed.
10-3, after pressing the exposed fifth member 50 with a finger, the elbow is bent so that the upper arm portion 100 and the lower arm portion 200 form a desired angle A, and the fifth member 50 is Release your finger. Then, since the plate-like member 70 and the flat plate portion 15 that do not appear in the drawing are engaged, the upper arm portion 100 and the lower arm portion 200 are fixed at a desired angle A. Moreover, the upper arm part 100 and the lower arm part 200 are grasped by hand, the upper arm part 100 is pulled, the upper arm part 100 is turned inward or outward, and the pulled upper arm part 100 is released. Then, the upper arm 100 is fixed at a desired angle B.
Further, the upper arm part 100 and the lower arm part 200 are grasped by hand, the lower arm part 200 is pulled, the lower arm part 200 is rotated, and the pulled lower arm part 200 is released. Then, the lower arm part 200 is fixed at a desired angle C, and the direction of the palm can be changed.

It can be used as a joint for arms and legs of dolls and mannequins, and can also be applied to lighting fixtures that can adjust the angle, tripods such as cameras, household goods with hinges, and household goods.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Joint structure 2 1st compression coil spring 3 2nd compression coil spring 4 Washer 5 Rotating shaft 6 Screw 10 1st member 11 1st columnar body 12 End surface 13 Screw hole 14 Smooth periphery 15 Flat part 15a Engagement surface 16 Through Hole 17 Wall surface 18 Support portion 19 Cylindrical space 20 Second member 21 Second columnar body 22 End surface 23 Screw hole 25 Housing portion 26 Mountain portion 27 Through hole 28 Peripheral end surface 30 Third member 30a Opposing surface 31 Housing space 32, 33 Screw hole
40 Fourth member 41 Bar-like body 50 Fifth member 51 Periphery 52 Annular protrusion 60 Cylindrical body 61 Two open ends 62 Bottom surface 70 Plate-like member 70a Notch surface 71 Valley portion 72 Screw hole 100 Upper arm portion 200 Lower arm portion

Claims (9)

A flat plate portion having an engagement surface formed with a plurality of notches inside a smooth peripheral edge, and a first columnar portion extending in parallel with the flat plate portion, the first flat plate portion being pivotally supported A member,
A plate-like member having a plurality of valleys formed on the periphery and a plurality of notches formed on the surface;
A housing portion in which a crest portion that is spline-coupled to the valley portion of the plate-like member is formed on the inner peripheral surface, and a second columnar portion that extends in a direction perpendicular to the crest portion, and the housing portion is a shaft A supported second member;
An elastic member for biasing the plate-like member into engagement with said plate,
When subjected to an external force opposing the urging force of the elastic member, and a pressing member for pressing the plate-like member so as to be separated from said plate,
The accommodating portion has, on the side of the opening that accommodates the plate-like member, a peripheral end surface that slidably contacts the peripheral edge of the flat plate portion, and an engagement position at which the plate-like member engages with the flat plate portion. It has a moving space that freely moves between a spaced position separated from the flat plate portion,
The elastic member is accommodated in the moving space together with the plate-like member, and is pivotally supported by the accommodating portion.
If the external force exceeds the biasing force, the first member and the second member rotate relatively, and if the external force is released, the first member and the second member are at an arbitrary angle. A joint structure characterized by being held. Either one or both of the first columnar part and the second columnar part have an end surface on which a plurality of notches are formed,
A counter member having a plurality of notches, and a third member pivotally supported by the first columnar part or the second columnar part having the end surface;
One or both of the first columnar portion and the third member, and the combination of the second columnar member and the third member rotate relatively when the facing surface is separated from the end surface, 2. The joint structure according to claim 1, wherein the opposing surface is non-rotating when engaged with the end surface. The pressing member is a bottomed cylindrical portion having an opening,
The flat plate portion has a through-hole into which the cylindrical portion is movably fitted, and when the plate-like member moves to the separation position, the flat plate portion bottom side of the cylindrical portion. but it protrudes when the plate-like member is moved to the engaging position, the joint structure according to claim 1, wherein the open end of the cylindrical portion from the flat plate portion and wherein the protruding. The third member is a cylindrical body having an accommodation space in which the spring that urges the opposing surface toward the end surface is received, facing the biasing force of the spring, an external force exceeding the biasing force when received, it said facing surface spaced from the end surface, when the external force is below the biasing force, according to claim 2, characterized in that characterized in that said opposing surface engages the end face Joint structure. The flat plate portion is formed on the back surface side of the engagement surface with a support portion of a rotating shaft that pivotally supports the flat plate portion and the housing portion, and a wall surface that surrounds the outer periphery.
A fourth member that supports the pivot shaft on the housing portion side;
And possession protrusions abutting annular open end of the tubular portion projecting from said plate, according to claim 3 wherein the fifth member to be fitted to movably said wall, comprising the Joint structure. A mannequin joint structure that can hold the elbow bent at any angle,
A flat plate portion having an engagement surface formed with a plurality of notches inside a smooth peripheral edge, and a first columnar portion extending in parallel with the flat plate portion, the first flat plate portion being pivotally supported A member,
A plate-like member having a plurality of valleys formed on the periphery and a plurality of notches formed on the surface;
A housing portion in which a crest portion that is spline-coupled to the valley portion of the plate-like member is formed on the inner peripheral surface, and a second columnar portion that extends in a direction perpendicular to the crest portion, and the housing portion is a shaft A supported second member;
An elastic member for biasing the plate-like member into engagement with said plate,
When receiving the first external force opposing the urging force of the elastic member, a pressing member for pressing the plate-like member so as to be separated from said plate,
Said first columnar portion and the second columnar portion, respectively, is urged by a spring towards the end face in which a plurality of notches are formed, the opposing surface is a first columnar portion or said該記a plurality of notches are formed A third member pivotally supported by the two columnar parts,
The accommodating portion has, on the side of the opening that accommodates the plate-like member, a peripheral end surface that slidably contacts the peripheral edge of the flat plate portion, and an engagement position at which the plate-like member engages with the flat plate portion. The plate-like member has a movement space that freely moves between a separation position separated from the flat plate portion,
The elastic member is accommodated in the moving space together with the plate-like member, and is pivotally supported by the accommodating portion.
The first member and the second member rotate relatively if the first external force exceeds the biasing force, and are held at an arbitrary angle if the first external force is released,
It said first columnar portion and the third member or the second columnar portion and the third member is opposed to the biasing force of the spring, when the second external force exceeding the biasing force is applied, the relative rotation And if this 2nd external force is released, it will become non-rotating relatively, The joint structure characterized by the above-mentioned. The third member is a cylindrical body having an accommodation space in which the spring that urges the opposing surface toward the end surface is accommodated, when receiving the second external force, end surface said opposing surface The joint structure according to claim 6 , wherein when the second external force is released, the opposing surface engages with the end surface. The pressing member is a bottomed cylindrical portion having an opening,
The flat plate portion has a through-hole into which the cylindrical portion is movably fitted, and when the plate-like member moves to the separation position, the flat plate portion bottom side of the cylindrical portion. but it protrudes when the plate-like member is moved to the engaging position, the joint structure of claim 6, wherein the open end of the cylindrical portion from the flat plate portion and wherein the protruding. The flat plate portion is formed on the back side of the engagement surface with a support portion for a rotating shaft that pivotally supports the flat plate portion and the housing portion, and a wall surface surrounding the outer periphery.
A fourth member that supports the pivot shaft on the housing portion side;
And possession protrusions abutting annular open end of the tubular portion projecting from said plate, according to claim 8 wherein the fifth member to be fitted to movably said wall, comprising the Joint structure.

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