JP5780330B2 - Liquid crystal display - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly to a TBA (Traverse Bent Alignment) type liquid crystal display device.

  In recent years, liquid crystal display devices have been widely used because they are thin and lightweight and have low power consumption. Such a liquid crystal display device usually has a liquid crystal cell, a pair of polarizing plates sandwiching the liquid crystal cell, and a backlight. The viewing side polarizing plate has a polarizer and a pair of polarizing plate protective films F1 and F2 that sandwich the polarizer, and the backlight side polarizing plate has a polarizer and a pair of polarizing plates that sandwich the polarizer. It has protective films F3 and F4. And polarizing plate protective film F1, F2, F3, and F4 are arrange | positioned in this order from the visual recognition side.

  As a display method of the liquid crystal cell, a TN (Twisted Nematic) method, an STN (Super Twisted Nematic) method, an IPS (In-Plane Switching) method, an OCB (Optically Compensatory Bend) method, a VA (AntialBend), a VA (AntialBend, Equally Bend) method. There is a Controlled Birefringence) method.

  In particular, since the contrast is high and the viewing angle is wide, the VA method is preferably used as a liquid crystal cell particularly for large screen displays. Among the VA methods, a TBA (Traverse Bent Alignment) method has been studied because a high aperture ratio can be realized.

  A TBA-type liquid crystal cell has, for example, a pair of opposing substrates and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates. A liquid crystal display device in which electrodes are arranged has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1). Thus, when no voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned perpendicular to the surface of the substrate, and when a voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned horizontally with respect to the substrate surface by the electric field generated between the electrodes. Can be displayed.

JP 2009-288436 A

  However, a liquid crystal display device including a TBA type liquid crystal cell has a problem that light leakage (non-uniformity in contrast) easily occurs in black display due to warpage of the liquid crystal cell.

  The first cause of the warpage of the liquid crystal cell is that the distortion (contraction or expansion) of the polarizer contained in the polarizing plates arranged on both sides of the liquid crystal cell distorts the substrate of the liquid crystal cell. The distortion of the polarizer is caused, for example, due to contraction due to the heat of the backlight.

  Further, it is considered that the TBA type liquid crystal cell has a second cause of warpage of the liquid crystal cell. As described above, a TBA type liquid crystal cell has a plurality of electrodes (a pixel electrode and a counter electrode corresponding thereto) on one of a pair of opposing substrates; the other substrate usually has electrodes. No. That is, the TBA liquid crystal cell is a liquid crystal cell with high asymmetry. For this reason, TBA liquid crystal cells are subject to deformation such as warpage because the contracting or expanding force differs between opposing substrates.

  On the other hand, a normal liquid crystal cell has a pixel electrode on one of the opposing substrates and a counter electrode on the other of the opposing substrates. As described above, a liquid crystal cell with high symmetry is often less likely to warp than a TBA liquid crystal cell.

  In particular, in a liquid crystal display device having an LED backlight that generates a large amount of heat, distortion of the polarizer tends to occur, and distortion of the substrate of the liquid crystal cell tends to occur. Therefore, warpage of the liquid crystal cell is likely to occur remarkably.

  Further, the unevenness of contrast is more easily recognized as the liquid crystal cell with higher contrast. Specifically, compared with a liquid crystal cell of a display method such as an IPS method or an FFS method in which liquid crystal molecules are switched in a plane, liquid crystal molecules initially aligned perpendicularly to the substrate surface are applied to the substrate surface by applying a voltage. The vertical alignment type liquid crystal cell that is aligned horizontally is high in contrast. For this reason, the vertical alignment type liquid crystal cell has a problem that unevenness in contrast is more easily recognized.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal display device in which warpage of a TBA liquid crystal cell is suppressed and contrast unevenness is thereby suppressed.

  The present inventors have warped the TBA liquid crystal cell so that the substrate on which the electrodes for driving the liquid crystal molecules are arranged is on the outer peripheral side, and the substrate on which no electrodes are arranged is on the inner peripheral side. I found. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a warped state of a TBA type liquid crystal cell 1. The liquid crystal cell 1 includes an active matrix substrate 2 on which electrodes for driving liquid crystal molecules are disposed, a counter substrate 3 that is disposed to face the active matrix substrate 2 and is not disposed with electrodes, and a liquid crystal layer 4 sandwiched therebetween. Have. As shown in FIG. 1, the warpage of the liquid crystal cell 1 occurs so that the active matrix substrate 2 side is the outer peripheral side and the counter substrate 3 side is the inner peripheral side.

  Therefore, in order to eliminate the warpage of the TBA type liquid crystal cell, the polarizer (second polarizer) of the polarizing plate disposed on the substrate side on which the electrode is disposed among the pair of polarizing plates sandwiching the liquid crystal cell. It has been noted that the force to be contracted may be made larger than the force to be contracted by the polarizer (first polarizer) of the polarizing plate disposed on the substrate side where no electrode is disposed.

  In other words, using the difference between the force that the first polarizer tries to contract and the force that the second polarizer tries to contract, consider canceling the force that the TBA type liquid crystal cell tries to distort. did.

  The polarizer is generally a stretched resin (eg, polyvinyl alcohol) film. Therefore, it is considered that the force that the polarizer tends to contract is caused by residual stress due to stretching. In particular, when the amount of water contained in the polarizer is large, the shape maintaining property of the film is lowered, so that it is considered that the film is more easily contracted by residual stress due to stretching. That is, the polarizer is more easily contracted as the water content of the polarizer is higher, and is less likely to contract as the water content of the polarizer is lower.

  Based on these findings, the present inventor determined the moisture content of the second polarizer disposed on the substrate side on which the electrode (of the liquid crystal cell) is disposed, and the substrate side on which the electrode (for the liquid crystal cell) is not disposed. It has been found that the warpage of the liquid crystal cell can be suppressed by making it higher than the water content of the first polarizer disposed in the substrate. In other words, water contained in the second polarizer is released by making the moisture permeability of the polarizing plate protective film protecting the second polarizer lower than the moisture permeability of the protective film protecting the first polarizer. The water content of the second polarizer was relatively increased.

That is, the present invention relates to the following liquid crystal display device.
[1] A liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal cell, first and second polarizing plates sandwiching the liquid crystal cell, and a backlight, wherein the liquid crystal cell is opposed to the first and second substrates. And a liquid crystal layer containing liquid crystal molecules having positive dielectric anisotropy sandwiched between the first and second substrates, and the first and second substrates of the liquid crystal cell A pixel electrode and a counter electrode for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal molecules are disposed on the second substrate, and the liquid crystal cell is arranged to apply the liquid crystal molecules to the first and second substrates when no voltage is applied. The liquid crystal molecules are aligned horizontally with respect to the surfaces of the first and second substrates by an electric field generated between the plurality of electrodes when a voltage is applied. One polarizing plate is the first polarizing plate of the liquid crystal cell. A first polarizer disposed on the substrate side, and a polarizing plate protective film F2 disposed between the first polarizer and the liquid crystal cell, and the second polarizing plate comprises: A second polarizer disposed on the second substrate side of the liquid crystal cell; and a polarizing plate protective film F3 disposed between the second polarizer and the liquid crystal cell. The moisture permeability at 40 ° C. and 90% RH measured according to JIS Z 0208 of the plate protective film F3 is measured at 40 ° C. and 90% RH according to JIS Z 0208 of the polarizing plate protective film F2. Liquid crystal display device lower than the moisture permeability.
[2] The liquid crystal display device according to [1], wherein the first polarizing plate is disposed on a viewing side, and the second polarizing plate is disposed on a backlight side.
[3] The moisture permeability at 40 ° C. and 90% RH measured in accordance with JIS Z 0208 of the polarizing plate protective film F3 is 150 g / (m ² · 24 hr) or less, [1] or [2] A liquid crystal display device according to 1.
[4] Moisture permeability at 40 ° C. and 90% RH measured according to JIS Z 0208 of the polarizing plate protective film F2 and measured according to JIS Z 0208 of the polarizing plate protective film F3. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein a difference from moisture permeability at 40 ° C. and 90% RH is 250 g / (m ² · 24 hr) or more.
[5] The liquid crystal display device according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the backlight is an LED backlight.
[6] The liquid crystal display according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the polarizing plate protective film F3 is selected from the group consisting of a cycloolefin resin film, a (meth) acrylate resin film, a polyolefin film, and a polycarbonate film. apparatus.
[7] A liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal cell, first and second polarizing plates sandwiching the liquid crystal cell, and a backlight, wherein the liquid crystal cell is opposed to the first and second substrates. And a liquid crystal layer containing liquid crystal molecules having positive dielectric anisotropy sandwiched between the first and second substrates, and the first and second substrates of the liquid crystal cell A pixel electrode and a counter electrode for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal molecules are disposed on the second substrate, and the liquid crystal cell is arranged to apply the liquid crystal molecules to the first and second substrates when no voltage is applied. The liquid crystal molecules are aligned horizontally with respect to the surfaces of the first and second substrates by an electric field generated between the plurality of electrodes when a voltage is applied. The second polarizing plate is the second polarizing plate of the liquid crystal cell. A second polarizer disposed on the substrate side, and a polarizing plate protective film F3 disposed between the second polarizer and the liquid crystal cell, and the first polarizing plate comprises: A liquid crystal display device having a first polarizer disposed without a polarizing plate protective film on the first substrate side of the liquid crystal cell.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display device in which the warpage of the TBA type liquid crystal cell is particularly suppressed and the unevenness of the contrast is thereby suppressed.

It is a figure which shows the state of the curvature of the liquid crystal cell of a TBA system. It is a schematic diagram which shows the basic composition of one Embodiment of the liquid crystal display device which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic diagram showing an example of a structure of a TBA type liquid crystal cell. It is a figure which shows an example of the nonuniformity of the contrast of a liquid crystal display device.

  The liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a liquid crystal cell, first and second polarizing plates sandwiching the liquid crystal cell, and a backlight.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a basic configuration of an embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the liquid crystal display device 10 includes a liquid crystal cell 20, a first polarizing plate 40 and a second polarizing plate 60 that sandwich the liquid crystal cell 20, and a backlight 80.

About Liquid Crystal Cell 20 The liquid crystal cell 20 has first and second substrates facing each other and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first and second substrates. As described above, the liquid crystal cell display method is preferably the VA method because of high contrast and a wide viewing angle, and the TBA method is particularly preferable.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the structure of a TBA type liquid crystal cell. As shown in FIG. 3, the liquid crystal cell 20 includes an active matrix substrate (second substrate) 110, a counter substrate (first substrate) 120 facing the active matrix substrate 110, and the active matrix substrate 110 and counter substrate. And a liquid crystal layer 130 sandwiched between the liquid crystal layer 120 and the liquid crystal layer 130.

  The active matrix substrate 110 includes an insulating substrate 111, a thin film transistor (not shown) disposed on the main surface on the liquid crystal layer 130 side, and a pixel electrode provided for each subpixel and connected to the thin film transistor by a drain wiring. 112, a counter electrode 113 corresponding to the pixel electrode 112, and a vertical alignment film 115 disposed on the surface on the liquid crystal layer 130 side so as to cover them. In the present embodiment, when the insulating substrate 111 is viewed in plan, the pixel electrode 112 and the counter electrode 113 have a comb-like shape in the sub-pixel region, and the pixel electrode 112 and the counter electrode 113 are mutually connected. It is arranged so as to mesh.

  Although not shown, the thin film transistor (TFT) is provided for each sub-pixel, and includes a plurality of gate bus lines that transmit scanning signals, a plurality of Cs bus lines, and a plurality of source bus lines that transmit image signals. Have

  The counter substrate 120 includes a black matrix 122 having openings on the main surface of the colorless and transparent insulating substrate 121 on the liquid crystal layer 130 side, a color filter 123 provided in the openings of the black matrix 122, a black matrix 122, and A vertical alignment film 125 which covers the color filter 123 and is provided on the liquid crystal layer 130 side.

  The liquid crystal layer 130 includes liquid crystal molecules 131 that is a nematic liquid crystal material (p-type nematic liquid crystal material) having positive dielectric anisotropy. The liquid crystal molecules 131 generate an electric field between the pixel electrode 112 and the counter electrode 113 when no voltage is applied due to the alignment regulating force of the vertical alignment films 115 and 125 provided on the active matrix substrate 110 and the counter substrate 120, respectively. When not, the major axes of the liquid crystal molecules are aligned so as to be substantially perpendicular to the surfaces of the active matrix substrate 110 and the counter substrate 120.

  In the liquid crystal cell 20 of the present embodiment configured as described above, an image signal (voltage) is applied to the pixel electrode 112 via a thin film transistor (TFT), whereby the pixel electrode 112 and the counter electrode 113 are An electric field 114 is generated in the horizontal direction with respect to the substrate surface. As a result, the liquid crystal molecules initially aligned perpendicularly to the surfaces of the active matrix substrate 110 and the counter substrate 120 are aligned so that the major axis thereof is in the horizontal direction with respect to the substrate surface. In this way, the liquid crystal layer 130 is driven, and the image display is performed by changing the transmittance and reflectance of each sub-pixel. In this embodiment, an example using an active matrix substrate has been described, but a passive matrix substrate may be used.

About the 1st polarizing plate 40 and the 2nd polarizing plate 60 The 1st polarizing plate 40 is arrange | positioned at the counter substrate 120 side of the liquid crystal cell 20 (refer FIG. 2 and FIG. 3), and the 1st polarizer 42 is shown. And polarizing plate protective films 44 (F1) and 46 (F2) for sandwiching them. The second polarizing plate 60 is disposed on the active matrix substrate 110 side of the liquid crystal cell 20, and includes a second polarizer 62, polarizing plate protective films 64 (F3) and 66 (F4) sandwiching the second polarizer 62, Have The polarizing plate protective films 44 (F1), 46 (F2), 64 (F3), and 66 (F4) are disposed in this order from the viewing side.

  The polarizer constituting the polarizing plate is an element that allows only light having a polarization plane in a certain direction to pass therethrough. A typical example of the polarizer may be a stretched film of polyvinyl alcohol dyed with, for example, a dichroic dye typified by polyiodine.

  The polarizer may be a film obtained by uniaxially stretching a polyvinyl alcohol film and then dyeing with a dichroic dye such as polyiodine, or the polyvinyl alcohol film may be obtained with a dichroic dye such as polyiodine. A film uniaxially stretched after dyeing (preferably a film further subjected to a durability treatment with a boron compound) may be used. The draw ratio in uniaxial stretching can be about 4 to 8 times. The thickness of the polarizer is preferably 5 to 30 μm, and more preferably 10 to 25 μm. It is preferable that the draw ratio and thickness of the first polarizer 42 and the second polarizer 62 are the same.

  The polyvinyl alcohol film may be a film formed from a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution. The polyvinyl alcohol film is preferably an ethylene-modified polyvinyl alcohol film because it is excellent in polarizing performance and durability performance and has few color spots. Examples of the ethylene-modified polyvinyl alcohol film include an ethylene unit content of 1 to 4 mol%, a polymerization degree of 2000 to 4000, and a saponification degree of 99 described in JP2003-248123A, JP2003-342322A, and the like. 0.0 to 99.99 mol% film is included.

  The hot water cutting temperature of the ethylene-modified polyvinyl alcohol film is preferably 66 to 73 ° C. In order to reduce color spots, the hot water cutting temperature between two points 5 cm apart in the width direction (lateral direction) of the film. The difference in temperature is more preferably 1 ° C. or less, and the difference in hot water cutting temperature between two points 1 cm apart in the width direction (lateral direction) of the film is more preferably 0.5 ° C. or less.

  The hot water cutting temperature of the polyvinyl alcohol film is an index indicating the crystallinity and crystallinity of the polyvinyl alcohol resin. The hot water cutting temperature is measured by preparing a sample obtained by cutting a polyvinyl alcohol film into a predetermined size, attaching a predetermined weight to two points provided at predetermined intervals on the surface of the sample, and suspending it in water. After lowering, the water temperature when the sample is cut when the water temperature is raised can be obtained as the “hot water cutting temperature”.

  Examples of dichroic dyes include azo dyes, stilbene dyes, pyrazolone dyes, triphenylmethane dyes, quinoline dyes, oxazine dyes, thiazine dyes and anthraquinone dyes in addition to the above-mentioned polyiodine. Etc. are included.

  The first polarizer 42 is sandwiched between polarizing plate protective films 44 (F1) and 46 (F2); the second polarizer 62 is sandwiched between polarizing plate protective films 64 (F3) and 66 (F4). . The polarizing plate protective film in the present invention has a function of adjusting the moisture content of the polarizer and adjusting the force of the polarizer to contract, as well as the function of protecting the polarizer and the optical compensation function.

  That is, the warp of the liquid crystal cell 20 is reduced by adjusting the force with which the first polarizer 42 is contracted and the force with which the second polarizer 62 is contracted, and using the difference between the forces. . First, the cause of the warpage of the liquid crystal cell will be examined.

  One of the causes of warping of the TBA type liquid crystal cell 20 has a plurality of electrodes (a pixel electrode and a counter electrode corresponding thereto) on one of a pair of opposing substrates; This is considered to be due to a highly asymmetric structure that usually does not have electrodes. In other words, since the TBA liquid crystal cell 20 has a highly asymmetric structure, it is considered that only one of the opposing substrates is easily contracted or expanded. Specifically, the counter substrate 120 in which the pixel electrode and the counter electrode are not arranged is more easily contracted than the active matrix substrate 110. It is considered that the counter substrate 120 is less rigid than the active matrix substrate 110 on which the pixel electrodes and the counter electrodes are arranged. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, the liquid crystal cell 20 warps so that the active matrix substrate 110 is on the outer peripheral side and the counter substrate 120 is on the inner peripheral side.

  When such warpage of the liquid crystal cell 20 occurs, light leakage (contrast unevenness) 142 occurs when the display screen 140 of the liquid crystal display device 10 is displayed in black as shown in FIG. 4, for example. This light leakage 142 often occurs point-symmetrically around the center of the display screen.

  In order to eliminate the warpage of the liquid crystal cell 20 described above, the second polarizer disposed on the active matrix substrate 110 side where a plurality of electrodes are disposed, of the pair of polarizers 42 and 62 sandwiching the liquid crystal cell 20. What is necessary is just to make larger the force which 62 tends to contract than the force which the 1st polarizer 42 arrange | positioned at the opposing board | substrate 120 side tends to contract. In this way, the force that the liquid crystal cell 20 tries to distort is offset.

  The force for contracting the polarizer can be adjusted by the moisture content of the polarizer. The force that the polarizer tends to contract is considered to be caused by residual stress due to stretching, particularly when heat such as a backlight is applied. And if there is much quantity of the water contained in a polarizer, since the shape maintenance property of the polarizer will fall, it will be thought that the force which the polarizer tries to shrink becomes large. That is, the force of the polarizer to contract is greater as the water content of the polarizer is higher, and decreases as the water content of the polarizer is lower.

  Therefore, in order to make the force that the second polarizer 62 tries to contract larger than the force that the first polarizer 42 arranged on the counter substrate 120 side contracts, the second polarizer 62 is used. The water content may be higher than the water content of the first polarizer 42.

  And the moisture content of a polarizer can be adjusted with the moisture permeability of the polarizing plate protective film which clamps a polarizer. The inventors of the present invention have a moisture content of the first polarizer 42 that is more susceptible to the moisture permeability of the polarizing plate protective film F2 than the moisture permeability of the polarizing plate protective film F1; The rate was found to be more susceptible to the moisture permeability of the polarizer protective film F3 than the moisture permeability of the polarizer protective film F4.

  That is, out of the polarizing plate protective films F1 and F2, since the polarizing plate protective film F1 is exposed on the viewing side, the amount of moisture that passes through the polarizing plate protective film F1 and enters the first polarizer 42, The amount of water discharged from the first polarizer 42 is easily balanced. On the other hand, since the polarizing plate protective film F2 is in contact with the substrate of the liquid crystal cell and is not exposed, the first amount of water passes through the polarizing plate protective film F2 and enters the first polarizer 42. The amount of water discharged from the polarizer 42 increases. That is, when the moisture in the first polarizer 42 is evaporated by the heat of the backlight 80, the moisture in the first polarizer 42 passes through the polarizing plate protective film F2 and passes through the polarizing plate protective film F2. And come out to the adhesive layer side between the liquid crystal cell. The higher the moisture permeability of the polarizing plate protective film F2, the lower the water content of the first polarizer 42, so the force to shrink becomes smaller. For this reason, it is considered that the moisture content of the first polarizer 42 is more susceptible to the moisture permeability of the polarizing plate protective film F2 than the moisture permeability of the polarizing plate protective film F1.

  For the same reason, it is considered that the moisture content of the second polarizer 62 is more susceptible to the moisture permeability of the polarizing plate protective film F3 in contact with the substrate of the liquid crystal cell than the moisture permeability of the polarizing plate protective film F4. It is done.

  Therefore, in order to make the moisture content of the second polarizer 62 higher than the moisture content of the first polarizer 42, the moisture permeability of the polarizing plate protective film F3 is made higher than the moisture permeability of the polarizing plate protective film F2. It is considered that the moisture in the second polarizer 62 may be confined by lowering. On the other hand, the polarizing plate protective film F1 and the polarizing plate protective film F4 are considered to have a low function of adjusting the water content of each polarizer.

  Below, each polarizing plate protective film is demonstrated.

About the polarizing plate protective film F3 In order to obtain the contraction force of the second polarizer 62 due to the residual stress due to stretching, the second polarizer 62 needs to contain a certain amount or more of moisture. Therefore, the moisture permeability of the polarizing plate protective film F3 at 40 ° C. and 90% RH measured in accordance with JIS Z 0208 is preferably 150 g / (m ² · 24 hr) or less, and 140 g / (m ² -24 hr) or less is more preferable. If the moisture permeability of the polarizing plate protective film F3 is too high, the moisture of the second polarizer 62 is easily discharged, and the moisture content of the second polarizer 62 is unnecessarily lowered.

  In addition, in order to eliminate the warp of the liquid crystal cell 20 while securing the force for contracting the second polarizer 62, the force for contracting the second polarizer 62 is applied to the first polarizer 42. It only needs to be larger than the force to shrink. Therefore, the moisture permeability at 40 ° C. and 90% RH measured according to JIS Z 0208 of the polarizing plate protective film F3 is 40 ° C. and 90% measured according to JIS Z 0208 of the polarizing plate protective film F2. What is necessary is just to be lower than the water vapor transmission rate in RH.

The difference in moisture permeability between the two may be set according to the degree of warping of the liquid crystal cell 20; the moisture permeability at 40 ° C. and 90% RH of the polarizing plate protective film F3 measured according to JIS Z 0208. Is preferably 250 g / (m ² · 24 hr) or lower than the moisture permeability at 40 ° C. and 90% RH measured in accordance with JIS Z 0208 of the polarizing plate protective film F ² , 280 g / (m ² · More preferably, it is lower than 24 hr).

However, if the force to contract the second polarizer 62 is excessively larger than the force to contract the first polarizer 42, the liquid crystal cell 20 may be warped in the reverse direction. Therefore, the difference between the water vapor transmission rate of the polarizing plate protective film F3 and the water vapor transmission rate of the polarizing plate protective film F2 is preferably 1000 g / (m ² · 24 hr) or less.

  The moisture permeability at 40 ° C. and 90% RH measured in accordance with JIS Z 0208 of the polarizing plate protective film F3 can be adjusted by the material and thickness of the polarizing plate protective film F3. The polarizing plate protective film F3 is preferably a cycloolefin resin film, a (meth) acrylate resin film, a polycarbonate film, a polyolefin film, a polyester film, a mixed resin film of an acrylate resin and a cellulose ester resin, or the like.

  The cycloolefin resin film contains a cycloolefin resin as a main component. The cycloolefin resin is a polymer containing a structural unit having an alicyclic structure derived from a cycloolefin. The cycloolefin resin may be a cycloolefin addition (co) polymer or a bicycloolefin ring-opening addition (co) polymer. Examples of cycloolefins include cyclohexene and the like; examples of bicycloolefins include norbornene and tetracyclododecene, preferably norbornene.

  Examples of the copolymer component in the cycloolefin copolymer include an α-olefin and an aromatic compound having a vinyl group. Examples of α-olefins include ethylene and propylene. Examples of the aromatic compound having a vinyl group include styrene and α-methylstyrene. The proportion of the structural units derived from cycloolefin in the copolymer of cycloolefin may be 50 mol% or less (preferably 15 to 50 mol%). The copolymer component contained in the cycloolefin copolymer may be only one type or two or more types. For example, the copolymer of cycloolefin may be a ternary copolymer of a cycloolefin, a chain olefin, and an aromatic compound having a vinyl group.

  In order to lower the moisture permeability of the cycloolefin resin film, it is preferable to increase the proportion of the structural units derived from the cycloolefin contained in the cycloolefin resin.

  Examples of the cycloolefin resin include cycloolefin resins described in JP 2010-78700 A. Examples of commercially available cycloolefin resins include ZEONOR (manufactured by ZEON Corporation), ZEONEX (manufactured by ZEON Corporation), APEL (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.) and the like. It is done. Examples of commercially available cycloolefin resin films include Essina (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.), SCA40 (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.), ZEONOR film (manufactured by Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.), and the like. .

  The (meth) acrylate resin film contains a resin ((meth) acrylate resin) containing a structural unit derived from a (meth) acrylic acid ester. The (meth) acrylate resin may be a homopolymer of (meth) acrylic acid ester or a copolymer with other copolymerization monomers. Examples of (meth) acrylic acid esters include C1-C18 alkyl esters of (meth) acrylic acid, preferably C1-C6 alkyl esters of (meth) acrylic acid, more preferably (meth) acrylic acid. Methyl. The (meth) acrylate ester contained in the (meth) acrylate resin may be one type or two or more types.

  Examples of copolymer components in a copolymer of (meth) acrylic acid esters include α, β-unsaturated acids such as acrylic acid and methacrylic acid; divalent unsaturated groups such as maleic acid, fumaric acid and itaconic acid Carboxylic acid; aromatic vinyl compounds such as styrene and α-methylstyrene are included. The proportion of the structural unit derived from the (meth) acrylic acid ester in the (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer is preferably 50 to 99% by mass.

  The (meth) acrylate resin is preferably polymethyl methacrylate. Examples of commercially available (meth) acrylate resins include Delpet 60N, 80N (Asahi Kasei Chemicals Co., Ltd.), Dialnal BR52, BR80, BR83, BR85, BR88 (Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.), KT75 (Electricity). Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.).

  In order to reduce the moisture permeability of the (meth) acrylate resin film, the alkyl ester of the (meth) acrylate unit contained in the (meth) acrylate resin may be made into a long chain.

  Examples of the (meth) acrylate resin film may include a mixed resin film of a (meth) acrylate resin and a cellulose ester resin. Examples of such a mixed resin film include the mixed resin film described in JP-A-2009-299075.

The weight average molecular weight Mw of the (meth) acrylate resin contained in the mixed resin film is 8 × 10 ⁴ from the viewpoint of decreasing the brittleness of the obtained mixed resin film while increasing the compatibility with the cellulose ester resin. The above is preferable. The content of the (meth) acrylate resin in the mixed resin film is preferably 30 to 95% by mass and more preferably 50 to 90% by mass with respect to the total of the (meth) acrylate resin and the cellulose ester resin. . This is because if the (meth) acrylate resin is less than 30% by mass, the moisture permeability tends to be high, and if it exceeds 95% by mass, the resulting mixed resin film tends to be brittle.

The weight average molecular weight Mw of the cellulose ester resin contained in the mixed resin film is preferably 7.5 × 10 ⁴ or more from the viewpoint of increasing the heat resistance of the obtained mixed resin film and reducing the brittleness. In order to enhance the compatibility with the (meth) acrylate resin, the cellulose ester resin has a total substitution degree of acyl groups of 2.0 to 3.0 and a substitution degree of acyl groups of 3 to 7 carbon atoms. Is preferably 1.2 to 3.0.

  The polycarbonate film contains as a main component a polymer having a carbonate bond (—O—CO—O—) in the main chain. Examples of the polycarbonate film include Pure Ace, Pure Ace WR (manufactured by Teijin Chemicals Ltd.), Elmec (manufactured by Kaneka Corp.), and the like.

  Examples of the polyester film include a polyethylene terephthalate film and a polyethylene naphthalate film.

  The polyolefin film contains polyolefin as a main component. Examples of the polyolefin include polyethylene, polypropylene, polymethylpentene and the like. The polyolefin contained in the polyolefin film may be a polyolefin having a functional group. Examples of such functional groups include hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups. The polyolefin having a functional group may have a crosslinked structure. Examples of the polyolefin having such a crosslinked structure include polyvinyl acetal.

  The polarizing plate protective film F3 is a cycloolefin resin film, a (meth) acrylate resin film, etc. from the viewpoint that the moisture permeability is low among these resin films and the force to shrink the second polarizer 62 is increased. Polyolefin films and polycarbonate films are preferred; cycloolefin resin films and (meth) acrylate resin films are more preferred; cycloolefin resin films are even more preferred.

  The polarizing plate protective film F3 may have a phase difference corresponding to the required optical compensation effect. From the viewpoint of utilizing a high retardation, the retardation Ro in the in-plane direction of the film is preferably 30 nm or more, and more preferably 30 to 200 nm. The retardation Rth in the thickness direction of the film is preferably 70 nm or more, and more preferably 70 to 400 nm. The retardation of the film is not particularly limited, but can generally be adjusted by stretching conditions.

The retardation value Ro in the in-plane direction of the film and the retardation Rth in the thickness direction are represented by the following equations.
Ro = (nx−ny) × d
Rth = {(nx + ny) / 2−nz} × d
(D: film thickness (nm), nx: refractive index in the slow axis direction in the film plane, ny: refractive index in the direction perpendicular to the slow axis in the film plane, nz: film in the thickness direction Refractive index).

The retardation values Ro and Rth of the film can be determined by a known method. For example,
1) The average refractive index of the film is measured with a refractometer.
2) The in-plane retardation Ro when light having a wavelength of 546 nm from the normal direction of the film is incident is measured by KOBRA 31WR manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments.
3) The retardation value R (θ) when light having a wavelength of 546 nm is incident from the angle θ (incident angle (θ)) with respect to the film normal direction is measured by KOBRA 31WR manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments. θ is larger than 0 °, preferably 30 ° to 50 °.
4) From the measured Ro and R (θ) and the above-mentioned average refractive index and film thickness, nx, ny and nz can be calculated by KOBRA 31WR manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments, and Rth can be calculated.

  The thickness of the polarizing plate protective film F3 is appropriately set according to the material and the required moisture permeability, but can be about 10 to 200 μm, preferably 10 to 100 μm, more preferably 20 to 60 μm. is there.

About polarizing plate protective film F2 The polarizing plate protective film F2 should just be a transparent resin film whose moisture permeability is higher than the polarizing plate protective film F3, and the difference with the moisture permeability of the polarizing plate protective film F3 is transparent which satisfy | fills the above-mentioned range. A resin film is preferred. Typically, the moisture permeability at 40 ° C. and 90% RH measured according to JIS Z 0208 of the polarizing plate protective film F3 is preferably 400 g / (m ² · 24 hr) or more, and is preferably 430 g / More preferably (m ² · 24 hr) or more. A preferable example of the polarizing plate protective film F2 includes a cellulose ester resin film.

  The cellulose ester resin film contains a cellulose ester resin as a main component. Examples of the cellulose ester resin include cellulose triacetate resin, cellulose diacetate resin, cellulose acetate butyrate resin, and cellulose acetate propionate resin.

As described above, the moisture permeability of the cellulose ester resin film is preferably 400 g / (m ² · 24 hr) or more at 40 ° C. and 90% RH as measured in accordance with JIS Z 0208, 430 g. / (M ² · 24 hr) or more is more preferable.

  The moisture permeability of the cellulose ester resin film can be adjusted by, for example, the total acyl group substitution degree or the acetyl group substitution degree. For example, if the total acyl group substitution degree is lowered, the number of unsubstituted hydroxyl groups increases, so that the moisture permeability increases.

  The moisture permeability of the cellulose ester resin film can also be adjusted depending on the type of acyl group to be substituted. Propionyl groups and butynyl groups tend to lower moisture permeability than acetyl groups. Therefore, if it is desired to increase moisture permeability, it is preferable to substitute with an acetyl group rather than a propionyl group or a butynyl group.

  The cellulose ester resin film should just have the phase difference according to the optical compensation effect calculated | required similarly to the above-mentioned polarizing plate protective film F3. From the viewpoint of utilizing a high retardation, it is preferable that the retardation Ro in the in-plane direction and the retardation Rth in the thickness direction of the cellulose ester resin film are in the same range as the polarizing plate protective film F2.

  The thickness of the polarizing plate protective film F2 is not particularly limited, but can be about 10 to 200 μm, preferably 10 to 100 μm, and more preferably 20 to 80 μm.

About the polarizing plate protective films F1 and F4 The polarizing plate protective films 44 (F1) and 66 (F4) have a function of adjusting the water content of the polarizers (the first polarizer 42 and the second polarizer 62). No or its function is low. Therefore, the polarizing plate protective films 44 (F1) and 66 (F4) are not particularly limited as long as they are transparent resins, and are preferably thermoplastic resins. A preferable example of such a thermoplastic resin includes a cellulose ester resin film. Further, the polarizing plate protective films 44 (F1) and 66 (F4) may be films or layers having other optical functions such as an antireflection layer.

  The cellulose ester resin film is not particularly limited, and may be the aforementioned cellulose ester resin film or a commercially available cellulose ester resin film. Examples of commercial products are Konica Minolta Tac KC8UX, KC5UX, KC8UCR3, KC8UCR4, KC8UCR5, KC8UY, KC4UY, KC4UE, KC8UE, KC8UY-HA, KC8UX-RHA, KC8UXW-HHA, KC8UXW-C RHA-NC, KC-6UA (manufactured by Konica Minolta Opto) are included.

  The polarizing plate protective film 44 (F1) may further include other layers as necessary. For example, in the case of a 3D display liquid crystal display device, examples of other layers provided on the polarizing plate protective film 44 (F1) include a λ / 4 retardation layer.

  The thickness of the polarizing plate protective films 44 (F1) and 66 (F4) is not particularly limited, but can be about 10 to 200 μm, preferably 10 to 100 μm, and more preferably 10 to 70 μm.

  In the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, one of the polarizing plate protective films F2 and F3 may be omitted. More specifically, the polarizing plate protective film F2 of the polarizing plate protective film F2 or F3 may be omitted. In the liquid crystal display device 10, when one of the polarizing plate protective films F2 and F3 is not provided, the polarizer is disposed directly on the active matrix substrate 110 or the counter substrate 120 of the liquid crystal cell 20 or disposed via an adhesive layer. Is done.

  Omitting the polarizing plate protective film F2 is considered to be substantially the same as disposing the polarizing plate protective film F2 having an infinite moisture permeability. That is, moisture contained in the first polarizer 42 is easily discharged to the outside. As a result, the moisture content of the second polarizer 62 is higher than the moisture content of the first polarizer 42, so that a constant contraction force can be generated.

  The liquid crystal cell 20 and the first polarizing plate 40 or the second polarizing plate 60 are bonded together via an adhesive layer. The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is preferably composed of an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive from the viewpoints of excellent cohesiveness and weather resistance.

  The polarizing plate can be produced by bonding a polarizer and the polarizing plate protective film (F1 to F4) described above. For example, in the first polarizing plate 40, the polarizing plate protective film F1 is bonded to one surface of the first polarizer 42, and the polarizing plate protective film F2 is bonded to the other surface of the first polarizer 42. Can be manufactured through steps.

  Examples of the adhesive used for bonding include a polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesive and a urethane-based adhesive. Especially, the polyvinyl alcohol-type adhesive agent which is excellent in adhesiveness with a polarizer is preferable.

About Backlight 80 The backlight 80 is disposed to face the polarizing plate protective film F1 or F4, and preferably is disposed to face the polarizing plate protective film F4. An arbitrary optical member may be disposed between the backlight 80 and the polarizing plate protective film F1 or F4.

  The backlight 80 may be a sidelight (edge light) type surface light source in which a known light source is disposed on the side of the light guide plate, or a direct type surface light source in which a known light source is arranged under the diffusion plate. Examples of known light sources include cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFL), hot cathode fluorescent lamps (HCFL), external electrode fluorescent lamps (EEFL), flat fluorescent lamps (FFL), light emitting diode elements (LEDs), organic electroluminescent elements (OLEDs). ) Is included.

  Among these, from the viewpoint of reducing the power consumption of the liquid crystal display device, a backlight using an LED as a light source (LED backlight) is preferable.

  Since the liquid crystal display device having the LED backlight is thin, the distance between the liquid crystal cell 20 and the first and second polarizing plates 40 and 60 disposed on both sides thereof and the LED backlight 80 is extremely small. For this reason, the warpage of the liquid crystal cell is likely to occur significantly due to the heat of the LED backlight.

  On the other hand, in this invention, the water vapor transmission rate of the polarizing plate protective film F3 which protects the 2nd polarizer 62 is made lower than the water vapor transmission rate of the polarizing plate protective film F2 which protects the 1st polarizer 42. . Thereby, the force that the second polarizer 62 tends to contract can be made larger than the force that the first polarizer 42 tends to contract, and the force that the liquid crystal cell 20 tries to distort is offset. Can do. As a result, warpage of the liquid crystal cell 20 can be suppressed, and light leakage (unevenness of contrast) in black display caused thereby can be reduced.

  In the following, the invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. These examples do not limit the scope of the present invention.

The liquid crystal display device described in the examples has four polarizing plate protective films (F1 to F4). Table 1 shows the films used as the polarizing plate protective films F1 to F4. In addition, the moisture permeability in a table | surface means the moisture permeability in 40 degreeC and 90% RH measured based on JISZ0208.

(Production Example 1)
Production of cycloolefin resin film (F-4) Cyclic olefin polymer (APEL (registered trademark) 6013T: manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.) as hydrophobic polymer A and ethylene acrylic acid-based potassium ionomer as moisture-permeable polymer A (ENTILA (trademark) MK400: manufactured by Mitsui DuPont Polychemical Co., Ltd.). And it mixed so that mass ratio of hydrophobic polymer A: moisture-permeable polymer A might be set to 80:20. The resulting mixture was stirred at 105 ° C. for 4 hours in a stirring heating tank.

  The obtained mixture was melt-kneaded at 285 ° C. by an extruder and extruded to obtain a cycloolefin resin film having a thickness of 80 μm.

(Production Example 2)
Production of Polyvinyl Acetal Film (F-6) 100 g of polyvinyl alcohol having a polymerization degree of 500 and a saponification degree of 98 mol% was dissolved in 700 g of distilled water under heating, and then kept at 20 ° C. To the obtained solution, 29 g of 35% by mass hydrochloric acid was added, and 50 g of benzaldehyde was further added. Thereafter, the obtained solution was cooled to 12 ° C. to precipitate a resin (polyvinyl acetal).

  The solution in which the resin (polyvinyl acetal) was precipitated was held for 30 minutes, then 108 g of hydrochloric acid was added, the temperature was raised to 45 ° C., and the solution was held for 6 hours. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was washed with distilled water for 10 hours and sodium hydroxide was added to the polyvinyl acetal after washing to adjust the pH of the dispersion to 9. The dispersion was held at 55 ° C. for 6 hours and then cooled. The pH of the dispersion at this time was 8.5. Next, after washing the dispersion with 100 times (volume ratio) of distilled water relative to the solid content, the dispersion is held at 50 ° C. for 5 hours, and washed with 10 times (volume ratio) of distilled water, After dehydration, it was dried. Thereby, polyvinyl acetal was obtained.

The composition of the obtained polyvinyl acetal was measured by a method based on JIS K 6729 “Testing method for polyvinyl formal”. As a result, the obtained polyvinyl acetal is represented by 40 mol% of the structural unit represented by the formula (1), 58.3 mol% of the structural unit represented by the formula (2), and the formula (3). It was confirmed that 1.7 mol% of the structural unit was contained.

  The obtained polyvinyl acetal was melt-kneaded by an extruder and then extruded to obtain a polyvinyl acetal film having a thickness of 44 μm.

(Production Example 3)
Preparation of polyvinyl acetal film (F-7) A polyvinyl acetal film was obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 2 except that the film was formed so that the film thickness was 38 μm.

2. Production of liquid crystal display device (Example 1)
2-1. Production of Polarizer A polyvinyl alcohol film having a thickness of 75 μm was swollen with water at 35 ° C. The obtained film was immersed in an aqueous solution consisting of 0.075 g of iodine, 5 g of potassium iodide and 100 g of water for 60 seconds; and further immersed in an aqueous solution of 45 ° C. consisting of 3 g of potassium iodide, 7.5 g of boric acid and 100 g of water. did. The obtained film was uniaxially stretched under the conditions of a stretching temperature of 55 ° C. and a stretching ratio of 6 times. The uniaxially stretched film was washed with water and dried to obtain a polarizer having a thickness of 20 μm.

2-2. Production of Polarizing Plate 1) Production of first polarizing plate (viewing-side polarizing plate) i) Film F-8 (cellulose triacetate resin film) in Table 1 was prepared as polarizing plate protective films F1 and F2. These films F-8 were immersed in a 2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution at 60 ° C. for 90 seconds in advance for saponification treatment, then washed with water and dried.
ii) The produced polarizer was immersed in a polyvinyl alcohol adhesive solution having a solid content of 2% by mass for 1 to 2 seconds.
iii) The excess polyvinyl alcohol adhesive adhering to the polarizer was gently wiped off. Thereafter, the saponified film F-8 obtained in i) above is placed on each surface of the polarizer, and a laminate of film F-8 (F1) / polarizer / film F-8 (F2) is obtained. Obtained.
iv) The obtained laminate was bonded by a roll machine at a pressure of 20 to 30 N / cm ² and a conveyance speed of 2 m / min. The laminated laminate was dried for 2 minutes to obtain a first polarizing plate.

2) Production of second polarizing plate (backlight polarizing plate) i) As polarizing plate protective film F4, a film F-8 (cellulose triacetate resin film) in Table 1 was prepared. The film F-8 was immersed in a 2 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution at 60 ° C. for 90 seconds in advance for saponification treatment, then washed with water and dried.
ii) A polyvinyl alcohol adhesive solution having a solid content of 2% by mass was applied to the prepared polarizer.
iii) The saponified film F-8 obtained in i) above was placed on one surface of the polarizer and then pressed to remove excess polyvinyl alcohol adhesive from the end by suction. Then, it was dried at 60 ° C. for 1 minute.

iv) On the other hand, 100 parts by mass of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate and 11 parts by mass of ditrimethylolpropane tetraacrylate (manufactured by Sartomer Japan, trade name SR355) were blended to prepare a UV curable adhesive. And the above-mentioned UV hardening adhesive is microgravure coater (gravure roll: # 300, rotation speed: line speed) on the surface of film F-1 (cycloolefin resin film) of Table 1 as polarizing plate protective film F3. The film was applied to a thickness of 5 μm to obtain a film with an adhesive.
v) The obtained film with adhesive was placed on the other surface of the polarizer to obtain a laminate of film F-1 (F3) / polarizer / film F-8 (F4). This laminate was bonded by a roll machine at a pressure of 20 to 30 N / cm ² and a conveyance speed of 2 m / min.
vi) An electron beam was applied from both sides of the laminated laminate to cure the UV curable adhesive, and a second polarizing plate was obtained. The line speed was 20 m / min, the acceleration voltage was 250 kV, and the irradiation dose was 20 kGy.

2-3. Production of Liquid Crystal Display Device A 40-inch display BRAVIA-KDL-40EX700 (LED backlight, aperture ratio 53%) manufactured by SONY was prepared. The liquid crystal cell was disposed such that the active matrix substrate was on the backlight side. Then, the two polarizing plates attached to both surfaces of the liquid crystal cell of this liquid crystal display were peeled off. And the produced 1st polarizing plate was attached to the surface at the side of visual recognition of a liquid crystal cell, and the produced 2nd polarizing plate was attached to the surface at the side of a backlight. For bonding the polarizing plate and the liquid crystal cell, an optical transparent adhesive sheet LUCIACS CS9621T manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation was used as an adhesive. As a result, a liquid crystal display device having an aperture ratio of 53% was obtained.

(Examples 2 to 7)
Except for changing the polarizing plate protective film F3 as shown in Table 2, the first and second polarizing plates were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 to produce a liquid crystal display device.

(Example 8)
Except that the polarizing plate protective films F2 and F3 were changed as shown in Table 2, the first and second polarizing plates were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 to produce a liquid crystal display device.

Example 9
Except not using the polarizing plate protective film F2, the 1st and 2nd polarizing plate was produced like Example 5 and the liquid crystal display device was produced.

(Comparative Examples 1-3)
Except that the polarizing plate protective films F2 and F3 were changed as shown in Table 2, the first and second polarizing plates were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 to produce a liquid crystal display device.

  In the liquid crystal display devices obtained in Examples 1 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, light leakage (non-uniformity in contrast) in black display was evaluated as follows. The results are shown in Table 2.

Evaluation of Contrast Unevenness The obtained liquid crystal display device was stored for 48 hours in an environment of 50 ° C. and 80% RH. Next, the liquid crystal display device was black-displayed for 24 hours with the backlight turned on in an environment of 23 ° C. and 55% RH, and then the degree of light leakage on the display screen was visually observed. The degree of light leakage (when black was displayed) was determined by subjective evaluation by 30 test subjects on the ease of visual recognition of light leakage when the display screen was visually observed from the front. The evaluation criteria were as follows.
◎: Level at which light leakage is hardly visible ○: Light leakage is slightly visible but acceptable level △: Light leakage is visible but acceptable level ×: Light leakage is clearly visible, unacceptable level And subject Table 2 shows the most frequent evaluation results among the 30 evaluation results.

Further, the liquid crystal display devices of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 3 were disassembled, and the amount of warpage of the liquid crystal cell was measured. The amount of warpage of the liquid crystal cell was measured by measuring the depth of the dent of the largest dent in the central portion of the liquid crystal cell.

  It was found that all of the liquid crystal display devices of Examples 1 to 9 were incapable of visually recognizing light leakage (non-contrast unevenness) in black display, or acceptable even when visually recognized. On the other hand, it was found that all of the liquid crystal display devices of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 had significant contrast unevenness.

  Further, the degree of light leakage (contrast unevenness) in black display was compared with the state of warpage of the liquid crystal cell. As a result, as shown in Table 2, it was confirmed that the greater the warpage of the liquid crystal cell, the greater the degree of light leakage (the light leakage intensity and area increased).

  Furthermore, Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-2 are compared. In the liquid crystal display devices of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 in which the polarizing plate protective films F2 and F3 have the same moisture permeability, contrast unevenness occurs, whereas the polarizing plate protective film F3 has a moisture permeability of the polarizing plate protective film F2. It can be seen that in the liquid crystal display devices of Examples 1 to 8 which are lower than the moisture permeability, contrast unevenness can be suppressed. This is because in the liquid crystal display devices of comparative examples 1 and 2, there is no difference in the contraction force between the two polarizers sandwiching the liquid crystal cell, so that the warpage of the liquid crystal cell cannot be offset, but the liquid crystal display devices of examples 1 to 8 Then, since the contraction force of the polarizer on the polarizing plate protective film F3 side is larger than the contraction force of the polarizer on the polarizing plate protective film F2 side, it is considered that the warpage of the liquid crystal cell was offset.

  Further, Example 8 and Comparative Example 3 are compared. Unlike the liquid crystal display device of Example 8, the liquid crystal display device of Comparative Example 3 in which the moisture permeability of the polarizing plate protective film F3 is higher than the moisture permeability of the polarizing plate protective film F2 does not suppress the unevenness of contrast. This is because of the two polarizers sandwiching the liquid crystal cell, the contraction force of the polarizer on the polarizing plate protective film F2 side is larger than the contraction force of the polarizer on the polarizing plate protective film F3 side, which causes the warpage of the liquid crystal cell. This is probably because they cannot be offset.

Moreover, Examples 1-7 are compared with Example 8. In the liquid crystal display devices of Examples 1 to 6 in which the difference in moisture permeability between the polarizing plate protective films F2 and F3 is larger than 10 g / (m ² · 24 hr), the difference in moisture permeability between the polarizing plate protective films F2 and F3 is 10 g / It can be seen that the unevenness of contrast is further reduced as compared with the liquid crystal display device of Example 8 which is (m ² · 24 hr). Furthermore, Examples 1-6 and Example 7 are compared. In the liquid crystal display devices of Examples 1 to 6 in which the difference in moisture permeability between the polarizing plate protective films F2 and F3 is 280 g / (m ² · 24 hr) or more, the difference in moisture permeability between the polarizing plate protective films F2 and F3 is 280 g. It can be seen that the unevenness of contrast is further reduced as compared with the liquid crystal display device of Example 7 which is less than / (m ² · 24 hr). This is presumably because the difference in contraction force between the two polarizers sandwiching the liquid crystal cell is large, and the effect of offsetting the warpage of the liquid crystal cell is also increased.

  Furthermore, Example 9 and Comparative Examples 1-2 are compared. In the liquid crystal display device of Example 9 in which the polarizing plate protective film F2 is omitted, similarly to Example 1, the liquid crystal display devices of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 in which the polarizing plate protective films F2 and F3 have the same moisture permeability. It can also be seen that the unevenness of contrast can be satisfactorily suppressed. In the liquid crystal display device of Example 9 in which the polarizing plate protective film F2 is omitted, the moisture permeability of the polarizing plate protective film F2 is substantially infinite, and the moisture permeability of the polarizing plate protective film F3 is This is probably because the moisture permeability of the protective film F2 is lower.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the liquid crystal display device which suppressed the curvature of the liquid crystal cell can be provided. In particular, according to the present invention, even a liquid crystal display device having a TBA type liquid crystal cell can provide a liquid crystal display device in which the warpage of the liquid crystal cell is suppressed and the unevenness of contrast is thereby suppressed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Liquid crystal cell 2 Active matrix substrate 3 Opposite substrate 4 Liquid crystal layer 10 Liquid crystal display device 20 Liquid crystal cell 40 1st polarizing plate 42 1st polarizer 44 Polarizing plate protective film F1
46 Polarizing plate protective film F2
60 Second polarizing plate 62 Second polarizer 64 Polarizing plate protective film F3
66 Polarizing plate protective film F4
80 Backlight 110 Active matrix substrate 111, 121 Insulating substrate 112 Pixel electrode 113 Counter electrode 114 Electric field 115, 125 Vertical alignment film 120 Counter substrate 122 Black matrix 123 Color filter 130 Liquid crystal layer 131 Liquid crystal molecule 140 Display screen 142 Light leakage

Claims (4)

A liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal cell, first and second polarizing plates sandwiching the liquid crystal cell, and a backlight,
The liquid crystal cell includes first and second substrates facing each other, and a liquid crystal layer including liquid crystal molecules having positive dielectric anisotropy sandwiched between the first and second substrates. ,
A pixel electrode and a counter electrode for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal molecules are disposed on the second substrate of the first and second substrates of the liquid crystal cell,
The liquid crystal cell aligns the liquid crystal molecules vertically with respect to the surfaces of the first and second substrates when no voltage is applied, and causes the liquid crystal molecules to be generated by an electric field generated between the plurality of electrodes when a voltage is applied. It is oriented horizontally with respect to the surfaces of the first and second substrates,
The second polarizing plate includes a second polarizer disposed on the second substrate side of the liquid crystal cell, and a polarizing plate protective film disposed between the second polarizer and the liquid crystal cell. And
The first polarizing plate has a first polarizer disposed on the first substrate side of the liquid crystal cell without a polarizing plate protective film,
A liquid crystal display device , wherein the moisture permeability of the entire polarizing plate protective film that protects the second polarizer is lower than the moisture permeability of the entire polarizing plate protective film that protects the first polarizer .   The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the first polarizing plate is disposed on a viewing side, and the second polarizing plate is disposed on a backlight side.   The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the backlight is an LED backlight.   The polarizing plate protective film disposed between the second polarizer and the liquid crystal cell is selected from the group consisting of a cycloolefin resin film, a (meth) acrylate resin film, a polyolefin film, and a polycarbonate film. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of 1 to 3.

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