JP5780078B2 - Construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction machine such as a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic oil tank, and an excavator having an improved layout of three control valves in an upper frame of an upper swing body.

  The background art will be described using an excavator as an example.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the excavator is configured such that an upper swing body 2 is rotatably mounted on a crawler type lower traveling body 1, and a work attachment 3 is mounted on the upper swing body 2.

The work attachment 3 includes a boom 4, an arm 5, a bucket 6, and hydraulic cylinders 7, 8, 9 as hydraulic actuators for operating them, and a plurality of hydraulic actuators including these hydraulic cylinders 7 to 9 are hydraulically operated. It is driven by pressure oil (operating oil) supplied from a pump via a control valve (both not shown).

  The upper revolving unit 2 includes an upper frame 10 as a base. The upper frame 10 has a cabin 11 on the front left and right sides of the upper frame 10 (usually on the left side as shown in the figure, hereinafter described in this case), and on the rear end. Each of the counterweights 12 is installed, and an engine room 13 is formed in front of the counterweight 12 behind the cabin 11, and an engine 14 as a power source is installed in the engine room 13.

  In this specification, the position of the cabin 11 is defined as the left front portion, and the direction of “front-rear” and “left-right” for the entire machine and each portion is referred to based on this position.

  Further, for simplification of the drawings and description, detailed illustrations and explanations regarding the configuration, equipment arrangement, and piping of each part of the upper frame not directly related to the present invention are omitted.

  FIG. 4 schematically shows a configuration of the upper frame 10 and a general device layout for the upper frame 10.

  A pair of left and right vertical plates 15 and 16 that serve as a reinforcing member for the entire upper frame and a mounting member for the work attachment 3 are provided in the middle portion in the width direction of the upper frame 10 over almost the entire length in the front-rear direction. Left, center, and right partition plates 17, 18, and 19 that extend in the left-right direction are provided at the rear portion so as to be orthogonal to the vertical plates 15 and 16.

  An engine room 13 is formed by the partition plates 17 to 19, the counterweight 12, and guard members on the side surfaces and the upper surface (not shown). A hydraulic pump 20 driven by the engine 14 is disposed on the right side of the engine 14 in the engine room 13. Is provided.

  Further, an equipment space S1 covered with a guard member (not shown) is formed in front of the engine room 13 and on the right side of the cabin 11, and serves as an actuator operating device for operating the hydraulic actuator, that is, as a hydraulic oil supply source. A hydraulic oil tank 21 and a control valve (multiple valve) 22 for controlling the operation of the hydraulic actuator are installed in the equipment space S1.

  A fuel tank 23 is disposed in front of the hydraulic oil tank 21 (the front end side of the equipment space S).

  Further, “equipment space S1” means a space where equipment can be installed, and refers to the entire space on the right side of the cabin 11 in the space ahead of the engine room. In the known technique shown in FIG. The space on the right side of 16 is used as a substantial equipment space.

  As described above, in a machine in which the hydraulic pump 20 and the actuator operating device (the hydraulic oil tank 21 and the control valve 22) are arranged on the same left and right sides, the distance between them is short and the piping connecting the devices, that is, the hydraulic oil There is no problem because the length of the suction pipe 24 for supplying the oil in the tank 21 to the hydraulic pump 20 and the return pipe 25 connecting the control valve 22 and the hydraulic oil tank 21 can be shortened.

  In FIG. 4, reference numeral 26 denotes an actuator pipe (pressure oil supply side and return side pipes) that connects the control valve 22 and a hydraulic actuator for work attachment.

  On the other hand, depending on the machine, the hydraulic pump 20 and the actuator operating devices 21 and 22 may be arranged on the left and right sides for convenience of device layout based on a request for reducing the turning radius.

  That is, for example, in a machine in which the equipment space S1 is provided on the front right side, the hydraulic pump 20 is installed on the left side in the engine room 13 as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 4 (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2000-291055 A

  In this case, the distance between the hydraulic pump 20 and the actuator operating devices 21 and 22 is increased, and in particular, the length of the suction pipe 24 connecting the hydraulic pump 20 and the hydraulic oil tank 21 is remarkably increased. Not only is the cost high, but there is a problem in equipment performance that pump negative pressure performance deteriorates as a problem peculiar to suction piping.

  Therefore, the present invention can reduce the cost by minimizing the length of the suction pipe connecting the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic oil tank on the premise that the hydraulic pump and the actuator operating device are arranged on the opposite sides. A construction machine capable of improving negative pressure performance is provided.

As means for solving the above problems, in the present invention, a lower traveling body, an upper revolving body that is pivotably mounted on the lower traveling body, and a work attachment attached to the front portion of the upper revolving body. made, together with the vertical plate of the vehicle width direction intermediate portion to the pair of left and right upper frames constituting the upper rotating body is provided in the front-rear direction, provided the front left and right side to the cabin, engine room after section, respectively, the The engine is installed in the engine room in the left-right direction, and a hydraulic pump is provided on the left and right sides of the engine on the side where the cabin is installed , and in front of the engine room and on the opposite side to the cabin A device space is provided in the device space. The device space includes a hydraulic oil tank as a hydraulic oil supply source for the hydraulic pump and the work attachment unit. Control valve is installed to control operation of the plurality of hydraulic actuators including bets hydraulic actuator, a construction machine in which the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic oil tank is connected by a suction pipe,
(i) the upper Symbol control valve the hydraulic oil tank, placed in a state of relatively hydraulic oil tank is located inside the rear a and the upper frame width direction,
(ii) Provide a suction port on the bottom of the hydraulic oil tank,
(iii) A state in which the hydraulic oil tank is positioned in the vehicle width direction inside the vertical plate on the side where the equipment space is provided among the left and right vertical plates in the front of the engine room. Provided by
(iv) One end of the suction pipe was connected to the suction port below the hydraulic oil tank
It is also of the.

In this way, in the positional relationship between the hydraulic oil tank and the control valve, the hydraulic oil tank is disposed relatively rearward and inward in the width direction, that is, at a position close to the hydraulic pump in both the front-rear direction and the left-right direction , and A suction port is provided on the bottom surface of the hydraulic oil tank, and the hydraulic oil tank is disposed in the vehicle width direction more than the vertical plate on the side where the device space is provided on the left and right vertical plates in front of the engine room. Provided in a state of being located inside, and one end of the suction pipe is connected to the suction port below the hydraulic oil tank, so that the suction pipe is minimized in machines where the hydraulic pump and hydraulic oil tank are located on opposite sides of each other can do.

  For this reason, the piping cost can be greatly reduced and the pump negative pressure performance can be improved.

  In addition, since the control valve is disposed relatively forward in the positional relationship with the hydraulic oil tank, that is, at a position close to the work attachment, the hydraulic actuator for the work attachment (the boom, arm, and bucket cylinders) and the control valve are connected. The length of the connecting actuator pipe can also be shortened.

  In this case, the control valve is disposed in a state where the entire valve is positioned in front of the hydraulic oil tank, and a piping space for a return pipe connecting the control valve and the hydraulic oil tank is formed in front of the hydraulic oil tank. (Claim 2).

  According to this configuration, the piping space for the return pipe is longer in the front-rear direction in front of the hydraulic oil tank than in the case where the control valve and the hydraulic oil tank are arranged at the front and rear in a state where the control valve and the hydraulic oil tank overlap each other. Since it can be ensured, the degree of freedom of bending of the piping (usually a flexible hose) is increased, and the piping work is facilitated.

  In the present invention, a suction port is provided at the rear of the hydraulic oil tank, and a return port is provided at the front, the suction pipe is connected to the suction port, and the return oil from the hydraulic actuator is operated via the control valve. It is desirable to connect a return pipe that returns to the oil tank to the return port.

  According to this configuration, since the suction port is provided at the further rear portion of the hydraulic oil tank disposed relatively rearward and the return port is provided at the front portion of the tank, both the suction and return pipes can be shortened to the maximum.

  As a result, the piping cost can be further reduced, the pump negative pressure can be reduced by the suction pipe, and the pressure loss can be reduced by the return pipe.

  According to the present invention, in a construction machine in which the hydraulic pump and the actuator operating device are installed on the left and right sides, the length of the suction pipe connecting the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic oil tank can be minimized and the cost can be reduced. The negative pressure performance can be improved.

It is a top view which shows typically apparatus arrangement | positioning with respect to the upper frame of the upper turning body which shows embodiment of this invention. It is the II-II line expanded sectional view of FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of an excavator to which the present invention is applied. It is a top view which shows typically the apparatus arrangement | positioning with respect to the upper frame of the conventional upper revolving structure.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  In the embodiment, an excavator is applied to the background art.

In the excavator according to the embodiment, the basic configuration of the machine, that is,
(A) An upper revolving unit is rotatably mounted on a crawler type lower traveling unit, and an excavator is configured by attaching a work attachment to the upper revolving unit.
(B) The work attachment includes a boom, an arm, and a bucket and a hydraulic cylinder as a hydraulic actuator for operating them, and a plurality of hydraulic actuators including these hydraulic cylinders are supplied from a hydraulic pump via a control valve. The point driven by the pressure oil (hydraulic oil) is the same as the prior art shown in FIGS.

  In the embodiment, the following points are also the same as those of the prior art shown in FIG.

  (C) The cabin 31 and the counterweight 32 are installed on the front left and right sides of the upper frame 30 as the base of the upper swing body (hereinafter, described in the case of the left side) and the rear end.

  (D) An engine room 33 is formed behind the cabin 31 and in front of the counterweight 32, and an engine 34 as a power source is installed in the engine room 33.

  (E) A pair of left and right vertical plates 35, 36 that serve as a reinforcing member for the entire upper frame and a mounting member for the work attachment 3 are provided in the middle portion in the width direction of the upper frame 30 over almost the entire length in the front-rear direction. Left, center and right partition plates 37, 38 and 39 extending in the left-right direction are provided at the rear of the upper frame so as to be orthogonal to the vertical plates 35 and 36. The partition plates 37 to 30, the counter weight 32 and the illustrated figure. The engine room 33 is formed by the guard members on the side surface and the upper surface that are not to be used.

  (F) A device space S2 covered with a guard member (not shown) is formed in front of the engine room 33 and on the right side of the cabin 31, and serves as an actuator operating device for operating the hydraulic actuator, that is, as a hydraulic oil supply source. The hydraulic oil tank 41 and the control valve (multiple valve) 42 for controlling the operation of the hydraulic actuator are installed in the equipment space S2.

  In the embodiment, a small excavator is applied. In this small excavator, the dimensional ratio of the front and rear and the left and right of the cabin 31 occupying the upper frame 30 is increased as shown in the figure. For this reason, the right end of the cabin 31 is located near the right vertical plate 36, and the space on the right side of the cabin right end in the engine room front space is the equipment space S2.

  In this shovel, the hydraulic pump 40 is provided on the left side of the engine 34 in the engine room 33, and the hydraulic pump 40 and the hydraulic oil tank 41 are connected by a suction pipe 44, while the hydraulic oil tank 41 and the control valve 42 are connected. Are connected by a return pipe 45.

  1 and 2, 46 is an actuator pipe connecting the control valve 42 and hydraulic actuators for work attachments (not shown).

  Here, the hydraulic oil tank 41 and the control valve 42 are in a state in which the hydraulic oil tank 41 is relatively located behind and inside the upper frame width direction (in other words, the control valve 42 is located forward and the upper frame width direction). In the device space S2).

  More specifically, the hydraulic oil tank 41 is on the right vertical plate 36 at a position near the rear part (near the engine room 33) in the front-rear direction middle part of the equipment space S2 and close to the right side surface of the cabin 31. Is provided.

  On the other hand, the control valve 42 is a front portion of the equipment space S2, and the entire valve is provided in front of the hydraulic oil tank 41 and at the outer side (right side) in the width direction of the hydraulic oil tank 41. A piping space 47 for return piping is formed in front of 41.

  The fuel tank 43 is installed on the right side of the hydraulic oil tank 41 and in a state in which the front portion projects forward (control valve 42 side) from the hydraulic oil tank 41.

  The hydraulic oil tank 41 is provided with a suction port 41a on the left side of the rear bottom surface and on the left side of the right vertical plate 36, and a return port 41b on the front surface of the front end portion and above the right vertical plate 36, respectively. A suction pipe 44 is connected between the suction port 41 a and the suction port 40 a of the hydraulic pump 40, and a return pipe 45 is connected between the return port 41 b and the tank port 42 a of the control valve 42.

  The suction port 41a may be provided on the rear end surface of the tank, and the return port 41b may be provided on the bottom surface of the front portion of the tank.

  Thus, in this excavator, in the positional relationship between the hydraulic oil tank 41 and the control valve 42 in the equipment space S2, the hydraulic oil tank 41 is relatively rearward and inward in the width direction, that is, in either the front-rear direction or the left-right direction. Since the hydraulic pump 40 and the hydraulic oil tank 41 are located on the opposite sides of the hydraulic pump 40, the suction pipe 44 can be minimized.

  For this reason, the piping cost can be greatly reduced and the pump negative pressure performance can be improved.

  On the other hand, since the control valve 42 is disposed relatively forward, that is, at a position close to the work attachment, the length of the actuator piping 46 that connects the hydraulic actuator (boom, arm, and bucket cylinders) for the work attachment and the control valve 42 is long. It can also be shortened.

  In this case, by arranging the control valve 42 in a state where the valve is entirely located in front of the hydraulic oil tank 41, a piping space 47 for the return pipe 45 is provided in front of the hydraulic oil tank 41 in front of the hydraulic oil tank 41. Since the control valve 42 and the hydraulic oil tank 41 are formed so as to overlap each other when viewed from the side, the return pipe piping space 47 is disposed in front of the hydraulic oil tank. Can be ensured long in the front-rear direction.

  For this reason, the degree of freedom such as bending of the return pipe (usually a flexible hose) 45 is increased, and the piping work is facilitated.

  Further, since the suction port 41a is provided at the rear part of the hydraulic oil tank 41 disposed relatively rearward and further near the hydraulic pump 40, and the return port 41b is provided at the tank front part near the control valve 42, both the suction and return pipes 44 are provided. 45 can be shortened to the maximum.

  As a result, the piping cost can be further reduced, the pump negative pressure reduction effect by the suction pipe 44 can be further increased, and the pressure loss reduction effect by the return pipe 45 can be obtained.

  In addition, since the hydraulic oil tank 41 is installed on the right vertical plate 36 and the suction port 41a is provided on the tank bottom surface on the left side of the right vertical plate 36, a hole is made in the right vertical plate 36 so that the suction pipe 44 is provided. There is no need to pass through, and routing work including drilling becomes easy.

Other embodiments
(1) The hydraulic oil tank 41 is disposed at the rear limit position in the equipment space S2 that is closer to the right partition plate 39, while the control valve 42 is disposed at the front limit position in the equipment space S2 that is closer to the work attachment. May be.

  (2) Contrary to the embodiment, the present invention is also applied to an excavator in which the cabin 31 is disposed in the right front portion and the equipment space S2 is disposed in the left front portion, and the hydraulic pump 40 is disposed on the right side of the engine 34. Can do.

  Further, the present invention can be applied not only to the shovel but also to other construction machines having the same machine configuration and equipment arrangement as the shovel.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Lower traveling body 2 Upper revolving structure 3 Work attachment 30 Upper frame 33 Engine room 34 Engine 40 Hydraulic pump S2 Equipment space 41 Hydraulic oil tank 41a Hydraulic oil tank suction port 41b Same as above, Return port 42 Control valve 42a Control valve tank port 44 Suction piping 45 Return piping 47 Piping space

Claims (3)

An upper frame vehicle comprising a lower traveling body, an upper revolving body mounted on the lower traveling body in a freely swingable manner, and a work attachment mounted on a front portion of the upper revolving body. with the width direction of the intermediate portion to the pair of left and right vertical plates is provided in the longitudinal direction, the front left and right side to the cabin, engine room after part are respectively provided, together with the engine to the engine room is installed in the lateral direction, A hydraulic pump is provided on the side where the cabin is installed on the left and right sides of the engine, and an equipment space is provided on the opposite side of the cabin in front of the engine room. A plurality of hydraulic actuators including a hydraulic oil tank that is a hydraulic oil supply source for the hydraulic pump and a hydraulic actuator for the work attachment. Control valve is installed to control the operation of the over data, a construction machine in which the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic oil tank is connected by a suction pipe,
(i) the upper Symbol control valve the hydraulic oil tank, placed in a state of relatively hydraulic oil tank is located inside the rear a and the upper frame width direction,
(ii) Provide a suction port on the bottom of the hydraulic oil tank,
(iii) A state in which the hydraulic oil tank is positioned in the vehicle width direction inside the vertical plate on the side where the equipment space is provided among the left and right vertical plates in the front of the engine room. Provided by
(iv) A construction machine characterized in that one end of the suction pipe is connected to the suction port below the hydraulic oil tank .   The control valve is arranged in a state where the entire valve is positioned in front of the hydraulic oil tank, and a piping space for a return pipe connecting the control valve and the hydraulic oil tank is formed in front of the hydraulic oil tank. The construction machine according to claim 1.   A return port is provided at the rear of the hydraulic oil tank and a return port at the front, the suction pipe is connected to the suction port, and return oil from the hydraulic actuator is returned to the hydraulic oil tank via the control valve. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the construction machine is connected to the return port.

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