JP5773705B2 - Waste separation device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a waste sorting apparatus that sorts waste containing various solids by manual sorting.

  At the site of demolition or construction of a building structure, when a house or a building is demolished all at once, a large amount of mixed waste including combustible and incombustible materials is generated. Mixed waste includes concrete lumps, residual soil, waste wood, waste paper, waste plastic, waste board, metal waste, ceramic waste, etc., and many kinds of materials are mixed in various sizes and shapes. ing.

  Since it is costly to dispose of the mixed waste as it is, it is selected and reused according to the material and size. For example, in Patent Document 1, a rough sorting mechanism that roughly sorts construction waste into passing waste and residual waste, a sorting mechanism that manually separates plastic and metal pieces while transporting residual waste by a belt conveyor, and passing Drying mechanism for drying waste to a moisture content of 17% or less, magnetic separator for recovering metal fragments from dry waste, and sorting dry waste into heavy (pebbles, sand, etc.) and lightweight by specific gravity difference Disposal with a specific gravity sorting mechanism, a dust collector and cyclone that processes the exhaust from the specific gravity sorting mechanism, and a fine sorting mechanism that finely sorts lightweight materials into passing lightweight materials (residue etc.) and residual lightweight materials (wood pieces, paper pieces etc.) An object sorting processing system is described.

  In the manual sorting mechanism for waste, dust and dust rises during the sorting process, so there is a risk that workers may inhale the dust and dust soared and suffer health damage. Necessary. As a countermeasure against such a work environment, for example, in Patent Document 2, a transparent hood plate is provided along a transporting device that moves or transports resource garbage manually, and working gloves are provided at predetermined positions of the hood plate. In addition, it is described that the workers are not affected by the odor of resource garbage. In Patent Document 3, in a waste disposal site where waste is brought into a building for processing, a plurality of exhaust hoods equipped with an exhaust fan and a dust collector are arranged on one side of the building. The other side portion is provided with a plurality of air supply fans. Moreover, in patent document 4, while providing the ventilation vent on the ceiling right above a conveyance conveyor downward, the exhaust port is the height position of 1.5 m or less from a floor, and the operator of the both sides of a conveyance conveyor Dust that rises on the rear wall and flows up from the conveyor is placed on the downward airflow from the air outlet, and the dust placed on this downward airflow is discharged toward each exhaust outlet at a position lower than the operator's face. Thus, it is described that each worker can perform sorting work in a good environment without sucking dust.

JP 2006-315000 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-37382 JP-A-11-37524 JP 2003-126788 A

  As described above, since manual work for separating solid waste is performed in a poor environment that adversely affects the human body, it is necessary to take measures as shown in Patent Documents 2 to 4. However, as shown in Patent Document 2, even when a transparent hood plate is provided, dust and dust that soar during sorting work diffuse into the room, so it is difficult to prevent the worker from being affected by dust and dirt. It is. Further, in Patent Documents 3 and 4, an exhaust fan or an air supply fan is provided to improve the indoor environment in which the separation work is performed by discharging dust and dust that soar in an airflow. If dust or dust rises once, there is a risk that the worker may inhale before the dust is discharged, and health damage to the worker cannot be sufficiently prevented.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a waste sorting apparatus that can discharge dust and dirt generated from solid waste during sorting work so as not to rise.

A waste separation apparatus according to the present invention is a waste separation apparatus that continuously conveys solid waste by a belt conveyor installed indoors and includes a storage place for storing the solid waste separated by type. the plurality of pairs of air intake ducts of rectangular cross section in which the intake port is formed to open at a predetermined interval on the side surface of the conveying surface together are adjacently disposed along the sides of the conveying surface of the belt conveyor, the A belt-like cover body provided at a lower end portion on the conveying surface side of the intake duct and attached so as to close a gap between the belt conveyor, and connected to the intake duct and from the intake port through the intake duct. Intake means for sucking air above the transport surface and air supply means for circulating air above the transport belt are provided. Further, the intake port is provided with a mesh-like wire net on the entire surface. Further, the intake means includes a plurality of connection pipes connected to the intake duct at a predetermined interval and having an on-off valve that opens and closes air flow. Furthermore, a lid for opening and closing the intake port is provided.

  By providing the above-described configuration, the present invention can discharge dust and dust generated from solid waste during sorting work so as not to rise.

It is a schematic structure figure of the whole waste sorting processing system provided with an embodiment concerning the present invention. It is a side view regarding the classification work part containing the belt conveyor installed in the 2nd floor part of a building. It is a top view regarding the classification work part containing the belt conveyor installed in the 2nd floor part of a building. It is AA sectional drawing of FIG. It is BB sectional drawing of FIG. It is CC sectional drawing of FIG. It is an external appearance perspective view at the time of providing a cover body in an air inlet. It is explanatory drawing regarding the case where a classification work is performed in a building.

  Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail. The embodiments described below are preferable specific examples for carrying out the present invention, and thus various technical limitations are made. However, the present invention is particularly limited in the following description. Unless otherwise specified, the present invention is not limited to these forms.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an entire waste sorting processing system including an embodiment according to the present invention. In the waste sorting processing system shown in FIG. 1, firstly, the brought-in waste W is transported by the transport conveyor 1 and put into the rough sorting mechanism 2. In the coarse sorting mechanism 2, the input waste W is passed through the predetermined size sieves, the passing wastes W 1 and W 2 are dropped and roughly sorted, and the residual waste W 3 is transferred to the next waste sorting mechanism 3. The

  In the waste separation mechanism 3, a belt conveyor 31 is installed on the second floor portion of the two-story building 30, and the residual waste W <b> 3 is transferred to the belt conveyor 31 and conveyed in the building 30. A plurality of workers M are arranged on both sides of the belt conveyor 31, and the worker M sorts out plastic bottles, empty cans, plastic pieces, metal pieces, etc., from the residual waste W3 to be conveyed. The first floor portion of the building 30 is partitioned by a plurality of partition walls along the conveying direction of the belt conveyor 31, and serves as a waste storage place 32 sorted for each partitioned section. The second floor portion is provided with a plurality of chutes for feeding the sorted waste on both sides of the belt conveyor 31. Each chute penetrates the floor and communicates with the first floor portion accommodation place. The operator sorts the waste corresponding to the storage location and puts it into the chute so that the sorting work is performed.

  The residual waste W4 after the separation process is transferred to the belt conveyor 4 for the next magnetic separation process. A magnetic separator 5 is installed above the conveying path of the belt conveyor 4 and collects metal pieces and the like from the residual waste W4 being conveyed by magnetic force. The residual waste W5 after the magnetic field sorting process is transferred to the next wind power sorting mechanism 6. In the wind power sorting mechanism 6, while dropping the residual waste W <b> 5 to be thrown in, air is blown out from the two nozzles arranged above and below, and sorted into incombustible material that is heavy and combustible material that is lightweight. . By adjusting the blowing angle of the two nozzles, it is possible to efficiently sort incombustible materials and combustible materials.

  FIG. 2 is a side view relating to a sorting work portion including a belt conveyor 31 installed on the second floor portion of the building 30, and FIG. 3 is a top view thereof. 4 is an AA cross-sectional view of FIG. 3, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are a BB cross-sectional view and a CC cross-sectional view of FIG. 2, respectively. On both sides of the conveying surface 31a of the belt conveyor 31, a pair of intake ducts 33 having a rectangular cross section are disposed adjacent to each other. In the intake duct 33, a plurality of intake ports 40 to be described later are opened at a predetermined interval on the side surface on the conveyance surface 31a side, and the connecting pipe 34 is formed on the side surface opposite to the conveyance surface 31a with a predetermined interval. It is connected and communicates with the intake duct 33. The intake port 40 is opened in a rectangular shape, and a mesh-like wire net is attached to the entire surface. The connecting pipe 34 is arranged so as to extend downward from the connecting portion, penetrates the floor F, and has a lower end connected to a branch pipe 36 disposed on the ceiling of the first floor portion. In the branch pipe 36, two lower ends of the connection pipe 34 are connected, one end of the branch pipe 36 is connected to the connecting pipe 35, and the other end is closed.

  An open / close valve 37 is attached to each of the connection pipes 34 so that when the operator performs work, the open / close valve 37 is opened so that air can be sucked from an intake port 40 around the worker. Further, in this example, the intake port 40 remains open, but as shown in FIG. 7, the cover 40 is closed to close the intake port 40 in a non-working range. Thus, the inflow of air may be stopped. The lid body 41 is slidably fitted between a pair of guide rails 42 disposed above and below the air inlet 40 so that the air inlet 40 can be opened and closed. Thus, by closing the on-off valve 37 and closing the intake port 40 with the lid 41 in the range where the separation work is not performed, the suction force from the intake port 40 in the work range can be increased.

  The connecting pipe 35 communicates with the blower 100 installed outside the building 30. By operating the blower 100 and sucking air, the intake duct is connected via the connecting pipe 35, the branch pipe 36 and the connecting pipe 34. The air in 33 comes to be sucked. Therefore, the air above the conveyance surface 31a is sucked and discharged from the intake port 40 opened in the intake duct 33.

  On both sides of the belt conveyor 31, a chute 38 is disposed between the connecting pipes 34, and the chute 38 has an upper end opened and a lower end fixed to the floor F, and passes through the floor F. It communicates with the waste storage location 32 on the first floor. Therefore, when the sorted waste is thrown into the chute 38, the thrown waste falls into the storage location 32. A belt-like cover body 39 is attached to the lower end portion of the intake duct 33 on the transport surface 31a side so as to close the gap between the intake belt 33 and the belt conveyor 31. The transport belt of the belt conveyor 31 is transported while being in sliding contact with the cover body 39, and even when air is sucked from the air inlet 40 of the air intake duct 33, a gap between the belt conveyor 31 and the belt conveyor 31 is conveyed. Air hardly enters and flows into the intake port.

  FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram regarding the case where the sorting work is performed in the building 30. The waste placed on the transport surface 31a of the belt conveyor 31 is sorted by the worker M while being transported, put into the chute 38, and stored in the storage location 32 for separation. When the worker M sorts out the waste, dust or dust rises from the waste, but since the air above the conveying surface 31a is always sucked from the intake port 40, the dust separated from the waste is collected. Dust and dust are sucked out and discharged to the outside before they soar.

  Since the intake port 40 is open on the conveyance surface 31a side of the intake duct 33, the intake port 40 is disposed close to the conveyance surface 31a, and both sides of the belt conveyor 31 are closed by the cover bodies 39. The air above is exclusively sucked, and dust and dust can be sucked efficiently. The intake port 40 opens to the side surface of the intake duct 33 opposite to the chute 38 and is set at a position away from the chute 38, so that air does not flow in from the chute 38, and the conveying surface The air above 31a is sucked.

  In addition, an air supply device 50 that blows air such as an air conditioner is installed in the upper part of the second floor portion in the building 30 to generate an air flow that blows air upward on the conveying surface 31a of the belt conveyor 31. By doing so, air is circulated above the conveying surface 31a. The air blown out from the air supply device 50 circulates above the conveying surface 31a, and a part of the air becomes a descending airflow, so that it is possible to reliably prevent dust and dust from flying up. Therefore, the worker M does not inhale dust or dust, and health damage associated with the separation process can be prevented.

  Moreover, the ability to suck the air in the range in which the classification work is performed is improved by closing the intake port 40 in the range in which the classification work is not performed or by closing the on-off valve 37 of the connection pipe 34. Can be set according to the work mode.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Conveyor conveyor, 2 ... Coarse sorting mechanism, 3 ... Waste sorting mechanism, 4 ... Belt conveyor, 5 ... Magnetic sorting machine, 6 ... Wind power sorting mechanism

Claims (5)

In a waste sorting apparatus that continuously conveys solid waste by a belt conveyor installed in the room and has a storage place for storing the solid waste sorted by type, on both sides of the conveyor surface of the belt conveyor A pair of intake ducts having a rectangular cross section formed adjacent to each other along the side of the conveyance surface and opened at predetermined intervals on the side surface of the conveyance surface, and a lower end portion of the intake duct on the conveyance surface side A belt-shaped cover body that is provided so as to close a gap between the belt conveyor and an intake air that is connected to the intake duct and sucks air above the conveyance surface from the intake port through the intake duct A waste separation apparatus comprising: means; and air supply means for circulating air above the conveyor belt.   The waste sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the intake port is provided with a mesh-like wire netting on the entire surface.   The waste separating apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the intake means includes a plurality of connecting pipes connected to the intake duct at a predetermined interval and having an on-off valve that opens and closes air flow.   The waste sorting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a lid for opening and closing the air inlet is provided.   A waste sorting system comprising the waste sorting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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